Explanatory Notes

Contents Section 1 Open-book Questions Test 1 Questions 3 2 Answers 7 Test 2 Questions 51 7 Answers 5 Test 3 Questions 99 Answers 123 Section
2 Closed-book Questions Test 4 Questions 149 Answers 173 Test 5 Questions 195 Answers 219 Test 6 Questions 241 Answers 265 Section 3 Se uenti!l Questions Test 7 Questions 2"9 Answers 295 Explanatory notes
147
2"7
Appendix A Proprietary (trade) names and equivalent generic names 325 Appendix B Definitions of conditions and terminology 33 Appendix ! A""reviations and acronyms 3#
#e$ision c%ecklist
&or e!c% test' write t%e nu(ber o) t%e uestion !nd *our !nswer on ! sep!r!te s%eet o) p!per t%en' !)ter +oin+ t%rou+% !ll t%e ues-tions in t%e test' co(p!re *our !nswers wit% t%ose in t%e book, #e)er to Appendi- . )or )eedb!ck on t%ose uestions t%!t *ou did not !nswer correctl* to be !ble to co(p!re *our !bilit* wit% ! co%ort o) students, /ou c!n obt!in in)or(!tion on t%e propriet!r* n!(es listed in t%e book in Appendi- A, Appendi- 0 includes de)initions )or (edic!l ter(s included in t%e book w%ile Appendi- C lists !bbre$i!tions !nd !cron*(s, #eco((ended te-tbooks )or t%e open-book section !re1 A22op!rdi 34 526667, $alidation %nstruments for !ommunity P&armacy' P&armaceutical !are for t&e (&ird )illennium' 0in+-%!(ton' 8ew /ork1 9%!r(!ceutic!l 9roducts 9ress, :dw!rds C' Still(!n 9 526667, )inor %llness or )a*or Disease+ ,esponding to -ymptoms in t&e P&armacy. 4t% edn, 3ondon1 9%!r(!ceutic!l 9ress, ;!r(!n #<' 4!son 9' eds 526627, /and"oo0 of P&armacy /ealt&1care' Diseases and Patient Advice' 2nd edn, 3ondon1 9%!r(!ceuti-c!l 9ress, 4e%t! .=' ed 526667, Britis& 2ational 3ormulary' 51st edn, 3ondon1 9%!r(!ceutic!l 9ress, 8!t%!n A 526627, 2on1prescription )edicines' 2nd
edn, 3ondon1 9%!r(!ceutic!l 9ress, #o*!l 9%!r(!ceutic!l Societ* o) >re!t 0rit!in 526657, )edicines. Et&ics and Practice' a 4uide for P&armacists, 3ondon1 9%!r(!-ceutic!l 9ress,
-i
--ii #e$ision c%ecklist Checklist T%is c%ecklist s%ould %elp students identi)* !re!s t%!t need to be co$ered w%en prep!rin+ )or co(pre%ensi$e )in!l e-!(in!tions !nd prere+istr!tion e-!(s, Action and use of drugs' cl!ssi)ic!tion' (edicin!l c%e(istr*' (ec%!nis( o) !ction' p%!r(!cokinetics' dos!+e re+i(en' p!tient (onitorin+' p!tient counsellin+' c!ution!r* l!bels ,esponding to symptoms' present!tion o) conditions' di!+-nosis' re)err!ls' use o) nonprescription (edicines' p!tient counsellin+ Adverse effects' co((on !d$erse e))ects' p!tient counsellin+' p!tient (onitorin+ !autions and contraindications' dise!se st!tes' b!seline tests re uired -pecial requirements' dose !d?ust(ents in li$er !nd %ep!tic dise!se' use o) dru+s durin+ pre+n!nc* !nd bre!st-)eedin+' +eri!tric !nd p!edi!tric p!tients' p!lli!ti$e c!re Diagnostics' (edic!l de$ices' point-o)-c!re tests' interpret-!tion o) results !alculations' dose c!lcul!tions' dilutions /ealt& promotion and disease prevention' li)est*le !nd diet!r* (odi)ic!tions' prop%*l!-is !+!inst dise!se
-tandards of practice' e$!lu!tion (et%ods' !udit processes' (!n!+e(ent' docu(ent!tion' u!lit* !ssur!nce' oper!tin+ procedures
Questions Questions 110 Directions' :!c% o) t%e uestions or inco(plete st!te(ents is )ollowed b* )i$e su++ested !nswers, Select t%e best !nswer in e!c% c!se, Q1 All t%e )ollowin+ products used in t%e tre!t(ent o) +l!uco(! !re !pplied topic!ll* :@C:9T1 A D C D E Q2 @!l!t!n .i!(o Trusopt Ti(optol 0etoptic
A%ic% is !n !ltern!ti$e prep!r!tion o) 3ipitorB A B C D E Co2!!r 3escol Cestril C!rdur! Tr!nd!te
Q3
T!(bocor1 A B C D : (!* be o) $!lue in serious s*(pto(!tic $entricul!r !rr%*t%(i!s is ! bet!-!drenoceptor blocker is !$!il!ble onl* )or p!renter!l !d(inistr!tion c!nnot be !d(inistered concurrentl* wit% !ntib!cteri!l !+ents is ! propriet!r* prep!r!tion )or !(iod!rone 3
4 Test 11 Questions
Q4
Ter!2osin1 A B C D E constricts s(oot% (uscle is ! selecti$e bet!-blocker incre!ses urin!r* )low r!te (!* c!use !n incre!se in blood pressure is indic!ted in urin!r* )re uenc*
Q5
3e+ionn!iresD dise!se1 A B C D E is c!used b* ! >r!(-positi$e coccus is ! c%ronic in)ectious dise!se %!s !n incub!tion period o) 2 d!*s to 3 *e!rs is c%!r!cterised b* t%e de$elop(ent o) pneu(oni! (!* be pre$ented b* $!ccin!tion
Q6 Tri++er )!ctors )or (i+r!ine include !ll :@C:9T1 A B C D E use o) c!))eine e-posure to sunli+%t (issed (e!ls l!ck o) sleep !ir tr!$el
Q7 All t%e )ollowin+ products cont!in ! loc!l !n!est%etic :@C:9T1
A B C D :
.e u!c!ine 4eroc!ine 0urn:2e Ant%is!n 9roctosed*l
Questions 11E 34 5
Q8
>ood p%!r(!c* pr!ctice +uidelines1 A %!$e been est!blis%ed b* t%e Fntern!tion!l 9%!r(!ceutic!l &eder!tion 5&F97 co(pl* wit% FSO 9666 consist o) !n !udit process rel!te to p%!r(!ceutic!l (!rketin+ ent!il )ield obser$!tion studies
B C D E Q9
Anti-. i((uno+lobulin1 A B C is !$!il!ble !s or!l t!blets is ! $!ccin!tion )or tet!nus s%ould be !d(inistered pre)er!bl* wit%in 72 % o) ! sensitisin+ episode is intended to protect t%e (ot%er )ro( %!e(ol*tic dise!se c!nnot be used )or prop%*l!-is
D E
Q10 A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ products is 8OT indic!ted )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) peptic ulcer!tionB A B C D E C!nt!c >!$iscon 8e-iu( 9!riet 0uscop!n
Questions 1134 Directions' :!c% +roup o) uestions below consists o) )i$e lettered %e!din+s )ollowed b* ! list o) nu(bered uestions, &or e!c% nu(bered uestion select t%e one %e!din+ t%!t is (ost closel*
6 Test 11 Questions rel!ted to it, :!c% %e!din+ (!* be used once' (ore t%!n once or not !t !ll, Questions 11E13 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B C D E $!l!ciclo$ir +riseo)ul$in itr!con!2ole )!(ciclo$ir terbin!)ine
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e corresponds to t%e br!nd n!(e1 Q11 &!($ir Spor!n Q12 oQ13 3!(isil Questions 14E17 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B C D E n!lidi-ic !cid nor)lo-!cin le$o)lo-!cin o)lo-!cin !(p%otericin
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q14 c!n be used )or intestin!l c!ndidi!sis Q15 %!s +re!ter !cti$it* t%!n cipro)lo-!cin !+!inst pneu(ococci
Q16 is (!rketed !s T!$!nic
Questions 11E34
Q17 is onl* indic!ted in urin!r* tr!ct in)ection Questions 1"E26 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B C D E !tenolol )olic !cid i(ipr!(ine c!rb!(!2epine co-tri(o-!2ole
Select' )ro( A to E' durin+ pre+n!nc* w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q18 (!* c!use intr!uterine +rowt% restriction Q19 (!* incre!se t%e risk o) neur!l tube de)ects Q20 (!* incre!se t%e risk o) t!c%*c!rdi! in neon!te Questions 21E23 concern t%e )ollowin+ (!-i(u( or!l d!il* doses1 A B C D E 266 (+ d!il* 156 (+ d!il* 166 (+ d!il* 56 (+ d!il* 366 (+ d!il*
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e corresponds to1
diclo)en Q21 !c silden!)i Q22 l su(!tript Q23 !n
8 Test 11 Questions
Questions 24E26 concern t%e )ollowin+ c!ution!r* l!bels1 A B C To be sucked or c%ewed, Ait% or !)ter )ood, &ollow t%e printed instructions *ou %!$e been +i$en wit% t%is (edicine, A$oid e-posure o) skin to direct sunli+%t or sun l!(ps, .o not stop t!kin+ t%is (edicine e-cept on *our doctorDs !d$ice,
1 E
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e corresponds to t%e dru+s1 c%lorpro(! Q24 2ine Q25 d!psone Q26 w!r)!rin Questions 27E36 concern t%e )ollowin+ products1 A B C D E AeroC%!(ber 8uelin Atro$ent 0econ!se Alupent
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e corresponds to t%e )ollowin+ present!tions1
Q27 s*rup Q28 !erosol )or in%!l!tion Q29 sp!cer de$ice Q30 n!s!l spr!*
Questions 35E 66 9
Questions 31E34 concern t%e )ollowin+ t!blet descriptions1 A B C D E *ellow 46 (+ brown 1 (+ *ellow 256 (+ red-brown 166 (+ *ellow 2,5 (+
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e corresponds to t%e )ollowin+ prep!r!tions1 =l!rici d .io$! n w!r)!r in Co(i +
Q31 Q32 Q33 Q34
Questions 3560 Directions' &or e!c% o) t%e uestions below' O8: or 4O#: o) t%e responses is 5!re7 correct, .ecide w%ic% o) t%e responses is 5!re7 correct, T%en c%oose1 A B C i) 1' 2 !nd 3 !re correct i) 1 !nd 2 onl* !re correct i) 2 !nd 3 onl* !re correct
D E
i) 1 onl* is correct i) 3 onl* is correct .irections su((!rised A 1' 2' 3 0 C . 1 onl* : 3 onl*
1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl*
16 Test 11 Questions
Q35 A%en !d(inisterin+ cispl!tin powder )or in?ection1 1 it s%ould be reconstituted wit% w!ter )or in?ection 2 it s%ould be +i$en o$er 6E" % 3 t%e in)usion )luid used is #in+erDs solution Q36 Ce)t!2idi(e1 1 is ! Gt%ird-+ener!tionD cep%!losporin !ntib!cteri!l 2 is (ore !cti$e t%!n ce)uro-i(e !+!inst >r!(positi$e b!cteri! 3 is !$!il!ble !s t!blets !nd in?ections Q37 9otenti!ll* %!2!rdous inter!ctions could occur between1 1 er+ot!(ine !nd 2ol(itript!n 2 w!r)!rin !nd +licl!2ide 3 co(bined or!l contr!cepti$es clind!(*cin Q38 :-!(ples o) en2*(e inducers include1 1 +riseo)ul$in 2 ri)!(picin 3 w!r)!rin Q39 A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ dru+s (!* be used in p!tients wit% li$er dise!se but re uire ! dose reductionB 1 2 3 8!trili 8i2or!l C*loric
!nd
Q40 C!psulitis1 1 is ! disorder !))ectin+ t%e s%oulder 2 (!* be c!used b* un!ccusto(ed (o$e(ent 3 is !n in)l!((!tor* process
Questions 35E 66 11
Q41 9resent!tions o) ! )!ci!l lesion t%!t w!rr!nt re)err!l include1 1 swollen l*(p% +l!nds in t%e neck 2 butter)l* distribution o) ! r!s% o$er t%e nose !nd c%eeks 3 ! sc!l* r!s% wit% (ild er*t%e(! !))ectin+ t%e )ore%e!d !nd e*ebrows Q42 Ant!cid prep!r!tions cont!inin+ sodiu( bic!rbon!te include1 1 >!$iscon li uid 2 0isodol ;e!rtburn #elie) t!blets 3 4!!lo- 9lus t!blets Q43 T%e !+ents !ssoci!ted wit% p!in !nd in)l!((!tion o) ! bee stin+ include1 1 %ist!(ine 2 !p!(in 3 %*!luronid!se Q44 Antisp!s(odics t%!t could be reco((ended )or irrit!ble bowel s*ndro(e include1 1 2 3 Colo)!c Sp!s(on!l &*bo+el
Q45 9!r!dic%loroben2ene1 1 %!s !nti)un+!l properties 2 is used !s ! disin)ect!nt 3 is present in Ceru(ol drops
Q46 Aspirin1 1 potenti!tes t%e !ntico!+ul!nt w!r)!rin 1 in%ibits pl!telet !++re+!tion 3 pro(otes $it!(in = s*nt%esis
e))ect
o)
Q47 4!le p!ttern b!ldness1 B is !ndro+enetic !lopeci! 2 is c!used b* t%e rele!se o) prost!+l!ndins 3 (!* be precipit!ted b* c%e(ic!l %!ir prep!r!tions Q48 &in!steride1 3 is !n en2*(e in%ibitor 2 is !n !nti-!ndro+en 3 could be used in (!le-p!ttern b!ldness Q49 .i!(orp%ine1 1 is ! controlled dru+ 2 is (ore lipid soluble t%!n (orp%ine 3 (!* be !d(inistered intr!(uscul!rl* Q50 .ru+s t%!t could be used in n!use! !nd $o(itin+ c!used b* p!lli!ti$e c!ncer tre!t(ent include1 D B (etoclopr!(ide %!loperidol
proc%lorper!2ine
Questions 35E 66 13
Q51 0!cteri!l con?uncti$itis1 1 is !n in)ectious condition 2 !))ects bot% e*es 3 is !ssoci!ted wit% p!in Q52 Aet skin lesions1 1 indic!te presence o) ! )un+!l in)ection 2 !lw!*s re uire re)err!l 3 pot!ssiu( per(!n+!n!te so!ks (!* be reco((ended Q53 Fn)!nt )or(ul! (ilk prep!r!tions1 1 (!* be b!sed on cowDs (ilk 2 cont!in no )!t 3 !re presented !s sep!r!te co(ponents to be reconstituted be)ore use Q54 St!p%*lococc!l n!pkin der(!titis1 1 occurs w%en t%e p!tient !lso %!s or!l t%rus% 2 presents !s ! pustul!r r!s% 3 s%ould be re)erred Q55 Si!lolit%i!sis1 1 is t%e in)l!((!tion o) ! s!li$!r* +l!nd 2 presents wit% )!ci!l p!in !nd swellin+
is !ssoci!ted wit% e!tin+
Q56 Acco(p!n*in+ conditions t%!t re uire re)err!l w%en p!tients present wit% e!r proble(s include1 1 2 3 %istor* o) per)or!ted e!r dru( disc%!r+e p!in
Q57 A%en p!tients present wit% co(pl!ints rel!ted to indi+estion t%e p%!r-(!cist s%ould en uire w%et%er1 A 2 3 s*(pto(s !re rel!ted to )ood int!ke p!tterns !cco(p!n*in+ s*(pto(s include $o(itin+ or constip!tion t%e p!tient is w%ee2in+
Q58 =!olin !nd 4orp%ine 4i-ture1 1 is not reco((ended )or !cute di!rr%oe! 2 cont!ins ! low concentr!tion o) (orp%ine 3 cont!ins k!olin' w%ic% (!* reduce bio!$!il!bilit* o) (orp%ine Q59 4e++e2ones p!stilles1 1 cont!in pseudoep%edrine 2 pro$ide ! soot%in+ e))ect t%rou+% t%e pro(otion o) s!li$! production 3 s%ould not be reco((ended to di!betic p!tients
Q60 Fn (i+r!ine1 1 ! soluble or!l dru+ )or(ul!tion is pre)erred to ! solid or!l dos!+e )or( 2 !n !n!l+esic s%ould be t!ken !t t%e )irst si+n o) !n !tt!ck 3 S*ndol (!* be reco((ended
Questions 61E "6 15
Questions 6180 Directions' T%e )ollowin+ uestions consist o) ! )irst st!te(ent )ollowed b* ! second st!te(ent, .ecide w%et%er t%e )irst st!te(ent is true or )!lse, .ecide w%et%er t%e second st!te(ent is true or )!lse, T%en c%oose1 A i) bot% st!te(ents !re true !nd t%e second st!te(ent is ! correct e-pl!n!tion o) t%e )irst st!te(ent i) bot% st!te(ents !re true but t%e second st!te(ent is 8OT ! correct e-pl!n!tion o) t%e )irst st!te(ent i) t%e )irst st!te(ent is true but t%e second st!te(ent is )!lse i) t%e )irst st!te(ent is )!lse but t%e second st!te(ent is true i) bot% st!te(ents !re )!lse .irections su((!rised &irst Second st!te(ent st!te(ent A 0 True True True True Second st!te(ent is ! correct explanation o) t%e )irst Second st!te(ent is 25( a correct explanation o) t%e )irst
C D E
C . :
True &!lse &!lse
&!lse True &!lse
Q61 ;*dro-*c%loro uine is used to tre!t r%eu(!toid !rt%ritis, ;*dro-*-c%loro uine is better toler!ted t%!n +old, Q62 Acute !tt!cks o) porp%*ri! (!* be precipit!ted b* dru+ !d(inistr!tion, 9ro+esto+en-cont!inin+ prep!r!tions s%ould be !$oided in p!tients wit% porp%*ri!, Q63 >oserelin (!* be used in prostr!te c!ncer, >oserelin (!* result in ! tu(our G)l!reD,
Q64 T!croli(us is c%e(ic!ll* si(il!r to ciclosporin, T!croli(us %!s ! si(il!r (ode o) !ction to ciclosporin, Q65 Fn older p!tients' i(ipr!(ine (!* c!use %*pon!tr!e(i!, ;*po-n!tr!e(i! occurs bec!use o) incre!sed sodiu( re-upt!ke in t%e loop o) ;enle, Q66 Fn)l!((!tion o) t%e l!r*n- re uires t%e !d(inistr!tion o) !tropine, Atropine is ! s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ent, Q67 3idoc!ine is used in $entricul!r !rr%*t%(i!s, 3idoc!ine suppresses $entricul!r t!c%*c!rdi! !nd reduces t%e risk o) $entricul!r )ibrill!tion )ollowin+ (*oc!rdi!l in)!rction, Q68 9ropr!nolol is pre)erred to !tenolol in %*pertensi$e p!tients wit% (oder!te kidne* d!(!+e, 9ropr!nolol is not w!ter soluble !nd is not e-creted b* t%e kidne*s, Q69 &il+r!sti( is used )or neutropeni! induced b* c*toto-ic c%e(ot%er!p*, &il+r!sti( is !n e-!(ple o) ! reco(bin!nt %u(!n er*t%ropoietin, Q70 Fnt!ke o) dru+s !t t%er!peutic doses in (ot%ers w%o !re bre!st-)eedin+ !re not likel* to c!use to-icit* in t%e in)!nt, To-icit* in t%e in)!nt !lw!*s occurs w%en t%e dru+ enters t%e (ilk, Q71 9e(p%i+us is !n !utoi((une re!ction, F((unosuppress!nts suc% !s ciclosporin !re t%e
)irst line o) tre!t(ent in pe(p%i+us, Q72 :!r p!in durin+ !ir tr!$el occurs bec!use o) ! proble( in t%e e-tern!l e!r, 8!s!l decon+est!nts (!* be used to pre$ent t%is condition, Q73 A+r!nuloc*tosis could occur !s ! result o) Stel!2ine t%er!p*, Stel!2ine is tri(ipr!(ine, Q74 Tinnitus (!* be !n !d$erse e))ect o) )urose(ide, All diuretics (!* c!use tinnitus,
Questions "1E 166 17
Q75 Conco(it!nt use o) St <o%nDs wort !nd sertr!line s%ould be !$oided, St <o%nDs wort is used )or (ild depression, Q76 Co-cod!(ol prep!r!tions t%!t c!n be sold o$er-t%ecounter cont!in codeine 66 (+, Co-cod!(ol is ! co(bin!tion o) codeine !nd de-tro-propo-*p%ene, Q77 H!ricell! is ! %i+%l* cont!+ious dise!se, 9rop%*l!-is )or $!ricell! is not !$!il!ble, Q78 >r!du!ted co(pression %osier* s%ould not be used durin+ pre+n!nc*, >r!du!ted co(pression %osier* pre$ents oede(!, Q79 &irst-line tre!t(ent o) nocturn!l enuresis is dru+ tre!t(ent, A(itript*line (!* be used in nocturn!l enuresis, Q80 0et!%istine is indic!ted )or (otion sickness, 0et!%istine (!* be !ssoci-!ted wit% %e!d!c%e, Questions 81100 Directions' T%ese uestions in$ol$e prescriptions or p!tient re uests, #e!d t%e prescription or p!tient re uest !nd !nswer t%e uestions, Questions "1E"51 Ise t%e prescription below1
9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 9re(!rin 6,625 (+ t!blets 1 od ( 2" .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
1" Test 11 Questions
Q81 9re(!rin cont!ins A B C D E con?u+!ted oestro+ens 625 J+ con?u+!ted oestro+ens 62,5 J+ con?u+!ted oestro+ens 6,625 J+ con?u+!ted oestro+ens 625 J+ !nd le$onor+estrel 75 J+ con?u+!ted oestro+ens 6,625 J+ !nd le$onor+estrel 75 J+
Q82 9re(!rin is !lso !$!il!ble !s1 1 ! n!s!l spr!* 2 p!tc%es 3 t!blets in ! di))erent stren+t% A B C 2 E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q83 9re(!rin1 1 is indic!ted in wo(en wit% !n int!ct uterus 2 (!* be used )or prop%*l!-is o) osteoporosis 3 is (!rketed b* A*et% A B C 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl*
D :
1 onl* 3 onl*
Q84 An e ui$!lent product to 9re(!rin is1 A B C D E 8u$elle 9ro+*no$! Trise uens 9re(p!k-C &e(oston
Q85 T%e p!tient s%ould1 1 t!ke one 9re(!rin t!blet d!il* 2 t!ke t!blets )or 2" d!*s )ollowed b* ! 7-d!* bre!k be)ore st!rtin+ t%e ne-t p!ck 3 undert!ke re+ul!r $isits to ! +ener!l pr!ctitioner e$er* 15 d!*s A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions "6E"71 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, &os!(!- t!blets 76 (+ once per week .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q86 &os!(!-1 A B C D E cont!ins disodiu( etidron!te incre!ses r!te o) bone turno$er (!* c!use d*sp%!+i! c!n i(p!ir bone (iner!lis!tion !cts !s ! posterior pituit!r* %or(one !nt!+onist
Q87 &os!(!-1 1 ! weekl* tre!t(ent costs !bout K6 2 is !$!il!ble onl* !s 5 (+ t!blets 1 t%e p!tient %!s to t!ke t%ree t!blets weekl* A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions ""E961 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Co(bi $ent 2
pu))s ds .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q88 Co(bi$ent consists o)1 1 ipr!tropiu( 2 s!lbut!(ol 3 s!l(eterol A B C D B 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q89 Co(bi$ent is !$!il!ble !s1 1 dr* powder )or in%!l!tion E ! nebuliser solution E !n !erosol in%!l!tion A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q90 Co(bi$ent is not !$!il!ble, A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ products could be reco((ended to repl!ce Co(bi$entB 1 2 3 A B C Hentolin Atro$ent 0ecotide 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl*
D :
1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions 91E921 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, .epo4edrone (1 .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q91 .epo-4edrone1 1 consists o) (et%*lprednisolone 2 is used to suppress !n !ller+ic re!ction 3 (!* be used in r%eu(!tic dise!se A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q92 .epo-4edrone1 1 is !d(inistered p!renter!ll* 2 (!* be !d(inistered twice d!il*
3 A C C D :
is %i+%l* likel* to c!use cerebr!l oede(! 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions "1E166
23
Questions 93E961 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 9ers!ntin #et!rd ( 1 bd 66 Aspirin 75 (+ 1 ( d!il* 66 .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q93 9ers!ntin #et!rd is !n1 A B C D 3 !ntico!+ul!nt !ntipl!telet !n!l+esic !nti%*pertensi$e !nti-!rr%*t%(ic dru+
Q94 T%e side-e))ects t%!t could occur wit% 9ers!ntin #et!rd include1
1 2 3 A B C D :
+!strointestin!l e))ects worsenin+ o) s*(pto(s o) coron!r* %e!rt dise!se %ot )lus%es 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q95 T%e p%!r(!cist s%ould dispense 9ers!ntin #et!rd in its ori+in!l cont!iner bec!use1 A B C D E t%e p!ck !lso includes !spirin t%e ori+in!l p!ck is better l!belled suc% dispensin+ s!$es ti(e in countin+ c!psules t%e ori+in!l p!ck cont!ins ! dessic!nt it is ! controlled dru+
Q96 #e+!rdin+ t%e 9ers!ntin #et!rd' t%e p!tient is instructed to1 A B C D E t!ke two c!psules to+et%er !t bre!k)!st disc!rd !n* c!psules re(!inin+ 6 weeks !)ter openin+ double t%e dose be)ore under+oin+ sur+er* !bst!in )ro( dri$in+ w%en t!kin+ t%ese (edic!tions keep t%e (edicines prescribed in ! re)ri+er!tor
Questions 97E1661 &or e!c% uestion re!d t%e p!tient re uest1 Q97 A p!rent re uests ! (ulti$it!(in prep!r!tion )or ! 6*e!r-old c%ild, A%ic% product could be reco((endedB A &orce$!l
B C D :
Hi$iopt!l 4!-ep! :n-.e-=!* C!lciu(-S!ndo2
Q98 A (ot%er re uests ! prep!r!tion )or %er 5-*e!r-old son )or ! c%est* cou+%, A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ products is t%e (ost !ppropri!teB A B C D E 0en*lin wit% Codeine s*rup Alupent s*rup Acti)ed C%est* Cou+%s s*rup Hicks 4edinite s*rup 8eocl!rit*n s*rup
Q99 A p!tient !sks )or ibupro)en +el, T%e p%!r(!cist (!* dispense1 E B C D E Oru$!il Holt!rol .ub!( 0ru)en Fbutop
Q100 A p!tient !sks )or ! prep!r!tion !s ! $!+in!l cre!( )or c!ndidi!sis, A%ic% product is t%e (ost !ppropri!teB A B C D : C!nesten Ort%o->*nest :ur! 0!ctrob!n .er(o$!te
Answers A1 0
.i!(o- cont!ins !cet!2ol!(ide' w%ic% is ! c!rbonic !n%*dr!se in%ibitor !d(inistered or!ll* or b* t%e p!renter!l route, @!l!t!n cont!ins l!t!noprost' ! prost!+l!ndin !n!lo+ue' !nd Trusopt cont!ins dor2ol!(ide' ! c!rbonic !n%*dr!se in%ibitor, Ti(optol !nd 0etoptic bot% consist o) bet!-blockers cont!inin+ ti(olol !nd bet!-olol respecti$el*, A2 0
3ipitor cont!ins !tor$!st!tin, An !ltern!ti$e prep!r!tion is 3escol' w%ic% cont!ins !not%er st!tin' )lu$!st!tin, Co2!!r cont!ins los!rt!n' !n !n+iotensin-FF receptor !nt!+onist' Cestril cont!ins lisinopril' !n !n+iotensin-con$ertin+ en2*(e in%ibitor' C!rdur! cont!ins do-!2osin' !n !lp%!!drenoceptor blockin+ dru+' !nd Tr!nd!te cont!ins l!bet!lol' ! bet!-!drenoceptor blockin+ dru+, A3 A
T!(bocor cont!ins )lec!inide' w%ic% (!* be o) $!lue in serious s*(pto(!tic $entricul!r !rr%*t%(i!s, Ft is !lso indic!ted )or ?unction!l re-entr* t!c%*c!rdi!s !nd )or p!ro-*s(!l !tri!l )ibrill!tion, Ft is !$!il!ble !s t!blets or in?ections )or intr!$enous !d(inistr!tion, ;!2!rdous inter!ctions (!* be e-pected w%en )lec!inide is !d(inistered concurrentl* wit% dru+s suc% !s !(iod!rone' tric*clic !ntidepress!nts' ter)en!dine' riton!$ir' dol!setron' clo2!pine' $er!-p!(il' !nd wit% bet!blockers, A(iod!rone is ! dru+ t%!t is !lso indic!ted in
t%e tre!t(ent o) !rr%*t%(i!s, An e-!(ple o) ! propriet!r* n!(e )or !(io-d!rone is Cord!rone @,
2 7
2" Test 11 Answers
A4
Ter!2osin is ! selecti$e !lp%!-blocker t%!t rel!-es s(oot% (uscle !nd is indi-c!ted in beni+n prost!tic %*perpl!si! bec!use it incre!ses urin!r* )low r!te !nd i(pro$es obstructi$e s*(pto(s, Ter!2osin is !lso indic!ted in t%e (!n!+e-(ent o) (ild-to-(oder!te %*pertension, A)ter t%e )irst dose ! r!pid reduction in blood pressure (!* occur, A5 .
3e+ionn!iresD dise!se is !n !cute respir!tor* tr!ct in)ection c!used b* ! >r!(-ne+!ti$e b!cillus o) t%e 6egionella species, Ft is c%!r!cterised b* t%e de$elop(ent o) pneu(oni!, T%e incub!tion period is )ro( 2 to 16 d!*s, T%e condition is !ttributed to t%e in%!l!tion o) w!ter droplets' suc% !s )ro( w!ter +ener!ted in !ir-conditionin+ coolin+ s*ste(s !nd in %ot-w!ter s*ste(s' t%!t !re cont!(in!ted wit% t%e (icroor+!nis(, 9re$ention tec%ni ues !re b!sed on t%e (!inten!nce o) !irconditionin+ )ilters !nd w!ter s*ste(s, A6 .
Tri++er )!ctors )or (i+r!ine include int!ke o) speci)ic )ood suc% !s c!))eine' c%ocol!te' c%eese !nd !lco%olic drinks' e-posure to li+%t' %un+er !nd (issed (e!ls' !nd !ir tr!$el,
A7
. cont!ins cont!ins (ep*r!(ine' !n !nti%ist!(ine, de u!liniu('
Ant%is!n
.e u!c!ine
ben2o-c!ine !nd
4eroc!ine cont!ins ben2oc!ine !nd cet*lp*ridiniu(' 0urn:2e cont!ins ben2oc!ine' !nd 9roctosed*l cont!ins cinc%oc!ine !nd %*drocortisone, 0en2oc!ine !nd cinc%oc!ine !re !n!est%etics, A8 A
.urin+ t%e &F9 con+ress in <!p!n in 1993 t%e intern!tion!l +uidelines )or 4ood P&armacy Practice 5>997 were !dopted, A re$ised $ersion o) t%ese +uidelines'
Test 11 Answers
29
-tandards for 7uality of P&armacy -ervices' w!s endorsed durin+ t%e 35t% (eetin+ o) t%e Aorld ;e!lt% Or+!ni2!tionDs :-pert Co((ittee on Speci)ic!-tions )or 9%!r(!ceutic!l 9rep!r!tions in April 1997 !nd t%is w!s !ppro$ed b* t%e &F9 Con+ress in H!ncou$er in 1997, A9 C
Anti-.5#%67 i((uno+lobulin s%ould be !d(inistered i((edi!tel* or wit%in 72 % o) !n* sensitisin+ episode durin+ !bortion' (isc!rri!+e or +i$in+ birt% to ! r%esuspositi$e )oetus, Ft pre$ents ! r%esus-ne+!ti$e (ot%er )ro( )or(in+ !ntibodies to r%esus-positi$e cells t%!t (!* p!ss into t%e (!tern!l circul!tion, Ft is intended to protect !n* subse uent c%ild )ro( %!e(ol*tic dise!se, Ft is !$!il!ble !s !n in?ection, A10 : 0uscop!n cont!ins %*oscine' w%ic% is ! u!tern!r* !((oniu( co(pound %!$in+ !nti(usc!rinic !cti$it*, Ft is indic!ted )or s*(pto(!tic relie) o) +!stro-intestin!l or +enitourin!r* disorders c%!r!cterised b* s(oot% (uscle sp!s(, C!nt!c cont!ins r!nitidine' w%ic% is !n ;2-receptor !nt!+onist t%!t pro(otes %e!lin+ o) peptic ulcers b* reducin+ +!stric output !s ! result o) %ist!(ine ;2receptor block!de, 8e-iu( cont!ins eso(epr!2ole !nd 9!riet cont!ins r!bepr!2ole' bot% o) w%ic% !re proton
pu(p in%ibitors, T%e proton pu(p in%ibitors in%ibit +!stric !cid output b* blockin+ t%e %*dro+enEpot!ssiu(E !denosine trip%osp%!t!se en2*(e s*ste( o) t%e +!stric p!riet!l cells, >!$iscon is !n !nt!cid prep!r!tion t%!t c!n be used )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) s*(pto(s o) peptic ulcer!tion, T%e constitution o) >!$iscon prep!r!tions $!ries !ccord-in+ to dos!+e )or(s, >!$iscon t!blets cont!in !l+inic !cid' dried !lu(iniu( %*dro-ide' (!+nesiu( trisilic!te !nd sodiu( bic!rbon!te' w%ere!s >!$iscon li uid cont!ins sodiu( !l+in!te' sodiu( bic!rbon!te !nd c!lciu( c!rbon!te, A11 . &!($ir is ! propriet!r* prep!r!tion o) )!(ciclo$ir 5used )or t%e tre!t(ent o) %erpes $irus in)ections7,
36 Test 11 Answers
A12 C Spor!no- is ! propriet!r* prep!r!tion o) itr!con!2ole 5tri!2ole !nti)un+!l7, A13 : 3!(isil is ! propriet!r* prep!r!tion o) terbin!)ine 5!nti)un+!l7, A14 : A(p%otericin is !cti$e !+!inst (ost )un+i !nd *e!sts, Ft c!n be used )or intes-tin!l c!ndidi!sis, A15 C 0ot% le$o)lo-!cin !nd cipro)lo-!cin !re t%!n cipro)lo-!cin, A16 C T!$!nic is ! propriet!r* prep!r!tion o) le$o)lo-!cin, A17 A 8!lidi-ic !cid is ! uinolone t%!t is indic!ted onl* )or uinolones,
3e$o)lo-!cin %!s +re!ter !cti$it* !+!inst pneu(ococci
urin!r* tr!ct in)ections, A18 A Atenolol is ! bet!-!drenoceptor blocker t%!t' w%en !d(inistered durin+ pre+n!nc*' (!* c!use intr!uterine +rowt% restriction' neon!t!l %*po+l*c!e(i! !nd br!d*c!rdi!,
Test 11 Answers
31
A19 . C!rb!(!2epine is !n !nti-epileptic dru+ t%!t' w%en !d(inistered durin+ t%e )irst tri(ester o) pre+n!nc*' incre!ses t%e risk o) ter!to+enesis' includin+ !n incre!sed risk o) neur!l tube de)ects, To counter!ct t%e risk o) neur!l tube de)ects' !de u!te )ol!te supple(ents !re !d$ised be)ore !nd durin+ pre+n!nc*, Ad(inistr!tion o) c!rb!(!2epine durin+ t%e t%ird tri(ester (!* c!use $it!(in = de)icienc* !nd incre!se t%e risk o) neon!t!l bleedin+, A20 C F(ipr!(ine is ! tric*clic !ntidepress!nt t%!t' w%en !d(inistered durin+ t%e t%ird tri(ester' (!* c!use t!c%*c!rdi!' irrit!bilit* !nd (uscle sp!s(s in t%e neon!te, A21 0 T%e (!-i(u( d!il* dose )or diclo)en!c' ! non-steroid!l !nti-in)l!((!tor* dru+' is 156 (+, A22 C T%e (!-i(u( d!il* dose )or silden!)il' !
p%osp%odiester!se t*pe-5 in%ibitor' is 166 (+,
A23 : T%e (!-i(u( d!il* dose )or su(!tript!n' ! 5;T1-!+onist' is 366 (+, A24 . C%lorpro(!2ine is !n !ntips*c%otic dru+' speci)ic!ll* ! p%enot%i!2ine deri$!-ti$e' t%!t is c%!r!cterised b* pronounced sed!ti$e e))ects, C!ution!r* l!bels
32 Test 11 Answers
reco((ended !re to !$oid e-posure o) skin to direct sunli+%t or sun l!(ps !nd ! w!rnin+ t%!t it (!* c!use drowsiness !nd' i) !))ected' not to dri$e or oper!te (!c%iner* !nd to !$oid !lco%olic drinks, A25 : .!psone is !n !nti-leprotic dru+, Ft is !lso used in (!l!ri! prop%*l!-is !nd in der(!titis %erpeti)or(is, T%e c!ution!r* l!bel G.o not stop t!kin+ t%is (edicine e-cept on *our doctorDs !d$iceD is reco((ended, T%is l!bel is reco((ended )or use on prep!r!tions t%!t cont!in ! dru+ w%ic% %!s to be t!ken o$er lon+ periods wit%out t%e p!tient percei$in+ !n* bene)it' or )or ! dru+ w%ere wit%dr!w!l is likel* to present ! p!rticul!r %!2!rd, Fn t%e (!n!+e(ent o) lepros*' d!psone (!* be used in co(bin!tion wit% ot%er dru+s !nd tre!t(ent is usu!ll* )or ! )ew (ont%s, Ait%dr!w!l o) d!psone t%er!p* in skin conditions (!* be !ssoci!ted wit% sudden )l!re-ups, A26 C A!r)!rin is !n or!l !ntico!+ul!nt, T%e c!ution!r* l!bel G&ollow t%e printed instructions *ou %!$e been +i$en wit% t%is (edicineD is reco((ended, An !ppropri!te tre!t(ent c!rd s%ould be +i$en to t%e p!tient w%ere !d$ice on !ntico!+ul!nt t%er!p*' necessit* o) (onitorin+ !nd prec!utions !re presented,
A27 : Alupent' w%ic% cont!ins orcipren!line' !n !drenoceptor !+onist' is !$!il!ble !s ! s*rup, A28 C Atro$ent' w%ic% cont!ins ipr!tropiu(' !n !nti(usc!rinic bronc%odil!tor' is !$!il!ble !s !n !erosol )or in%!l!tion' !s ! nebuliser solution' !nd !s dr* powder )or in%!l!tion,
Test 11 Answers
33
A29 A AeroC%!(ber is ! propriet!r* n!(e )or ! sp!cer de$ice, Ft is ! l!r+e sp!cer wit% ! one-w!* $!l$e, Sp!cer de$ices eli(in!te t%e dis!d$!nt!+e !ssoci!ted wit% (etered-dose in%!lers' w%ere dru+ !d(inistr!tion (!* be co(pro(ised due to l!ck o) coordin!tion between !ctu!tion o) t%e in%!ler !nd in%!l!tion, A30 . 0econ!se' w%ic% cont!ins beclo(et!sone' !
corticosteroid' is !$!il!ble !s ! n!s!l spr!*, A31 C =l!ricid' w%ic% cont!ins cl!rit%ro(*cin' ! (!crolide !ntib!cteri!l !+ent' is !$!il!ble !s *ellow t!blets in 256 (+ !nd 566 (+ stren+t%s, A32 A .io$!n' w%ic% cont!ins $!ls!rt!n' !n !n+iotensin-FF receptor !nt!+onist' is !$!il!ble !s *ellow t!blets 46 (+, A33 0
A!r)!rin' !n or!l !ntico!+ul!nt' is !$!il!ble !s brown t!blets !t 1 (+ stren+t%, A!r)!rin is !lso !$!il!ble !s t!blets in ot%er colours in t%e 6,5 (+' 3 (+ !nd 5 (+ stren+t%s, A34 : Co(i+' w%ic% cont!ins 2ol(itript!n' ! 5;T1-!+onist' is !$!il!ble !s *ellow t!blets o) 2,5 (+,
34 Test 11 Answers
A35 0 Cispl!tin is ! pl!tinu( co(pound t%!t is used !lone or in co(bin!tion t%er!p* )or t%e tre!t(ent o) testicul!r' lun+' cer$ic!l' bl!dder' %e!d !nd neck !nd o$!ri!n c!ncer, Ft is !d(inistered intr!$enousl* !nd is !$!il!ble !s powder )or in?ection, T%e powder )or(ul!tion s%ould be reconstituted wit% w!ter )or in?ections to produce ! 1 (+L(3 solution, Subse uentl* it is diluted into 2 3 sodiu( c%loride 6,9M or sodiu( c%loride !nd +lucose solution, T%e in)usion is +i$en o$er 6E" %, A36 . Ce)t!2idi(e is ! Gt%ird-+ener!tionD cep%!losporin !ntib!cteri!l !+ent, Ft %!s +re!ter !cti$it* t%!n ce)uro-i(e !+!inst cert!in >r!(-ne+!ti$e b!cteri! !nd less !cti$it* !+!inst >r!(-positi$e b!cteri!, Ce)t!2idi(e is !d(inistered b* deep intr!(uscul!r in?ection or intr!$enous in?ection or in)usion, Ft is not !$!il-!ble !s t!blets, A37 0 0ot% er+ot!(ine !nd 2ol(itript!n !re indic!ted )or (i+r!ine !tt!cks, A%en er+ot!(ine !nd 2ol(itript!n !re !d(inistered concurrentl* t%ere is !n incre!sed risk o) $!sosp!s(, Ise o) er+ot!(ine s%ould be !$oided )or 6 % !)ter !d(inistr!tion o) 2ol(itript!n' !nd use o) 2ol(itript!n
s%ould be !$oided )or 24 % !)ter !d(inistr!tion o) er+ot!(ine, T%is re!ction could be potenti!ll* %!2!rdous, A%en w!r)!rin is !d(inistered to ! p!tient recei$in+ ! sulp%on*l-ure! suc% !s +licl!2ide' t%is could en%!nce t%e %*po+l*c!e(ic e))ect !nd (!* !lso result in c%!n+es in t%e !ntico!+ul!nt e))ect, T%ere is no e$idence o) ! potenti!ll* %!2!rdous inter!ction w%en clind!(*cin is !d(inistered to p!tients recei$in+ co(bined or!l contr!cepti$es, A38 0 >riseo)ul$in !nd ri)!(picin !re en2*(e inducers, T%e* c!n incre!se t%e r!te o) s*nt%esis o) c*toc%ro(e 9456 en2*(es' resultin+ in en%!nced cle!r!nce o)
Test 11 Answers
35
ot%er dru+s, A%en en2*(e inducers !re !d(inistered to p!tients recei$in+ w!r)!rin' ! decre!sed e))ect o) w!r)!rin results, ;owe$er' w!r)!rin itsel) is not known to be !n en2*(e inducer, A39 : C*loric cont!ins !llopurinol' w%ic% re uires dose-reduction in p!tients wit% li$er dise!se, 8!trili- cont!ins ind!p!(ide' ! t%i!2ide diuretic t%!t s%ould be !$oided in se$ere li$er dise!se, 8i2or!l cont!ins ketocon!2ole' !n !nti)un+!l !+ent t%!t s%ould be !$oided in li$er dise!se, A40 A C!psulitis is ! disorder !))ectin+ t%e s%oulder ?oint, Ft (!* be c!used b* un-!ccusto(ed (o$e(ent or o$eruse, T%e condition is c%!r!cterised b* in)l!((!-tion o) t%e )ibrous tissue surroundin+ t%e s%oulder ?oint, A41 0 An* )!ci!l lesion t%!t is !cco(p!nied b* swollen l*(p% +l!nds in t%e neck re uires re)err!l !s t%is su++ests s*ste(ic dise!se or !n in)ection, A r!s% t%!t presents !s ! butter)l* distribution o$er t%e nose !nd c%eeks re uires re)err!l !s t%is could be c!used b* s*ste(ic lupus er*t%e(!tosus, T%is is ! r!re condition t%!t is !ssoci!ted
wit% !uto-!ntibod* )or(!tion, A butter)l* r!s% co$erin+ t%e nose !nd c%eeks is ! $er* c%!r!cteristic s*(pto(, A sc!l* r!s% wit% (ild er*t%e(! !))ectin+ t%e )ore%e!d !nd e*ebrows indic!tes seborr%oeic ec2e(!, T%is condition c!n e-tend to t%e nose !nd pinn! o) e!rs, :(ollient cre!(s !nd oint(ents !re use)ul in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) t%is condition !s t%e* %*dr!te t%e skin, A42 0 >!$iscon li uid !nd 0isodol ;e!rtburn #elie) t!blets cont!in sodiu( bic!rbon-!te, >!$iscon li uid !lso cont!ins sodiu( !l+in!te !nd c!lciu( c!rbon!te,
36 Test 11 Answers
0isodol ;e!rtburn #elie) t!blets cont!in !l+inic !cid !nd (!+!ldr!te in !ddition to t%e sodiu( bic!rbon!te, 4!!lo9lus t!blets cont!in !lu(iniu( %*dro-ide' (!+nesiu( %*dro-ide !nd si(eticone, A43 A T%e p!in !nd in)l!((!tion !ssoci!ted wit% ! bee stin+ !re c!used b* !+ents t%!t include %ist!(ine' !p!(in' w%ic% is neuroto-ic' !nd t%e en2*(e %*!luronid!se' w%ic% bre!ks down t%e intercellul!r tissue structure' pro(otin+ t%e penetr!tion o) t%e $eno( into t%e %u(!n tissues, A44 0 Colo)!c 5(ebe$erine7 !nd Sp!s(on!l 5!l$erine7 cont!in !n !ntisp!s(odic !+ent' w%ere!s &*bo+el 5isp!+%ul! %usk7 presents ! bulk-)or(in+ l!-!ti$e, Al$erine !nd (ebe$erine !re direct rel!-!nts o) intestin!l s(oot% (uscle' w%ic% (!* relie$e p!in in irrit!ble bowel s*ndro(e, A45 : 9!r!dic%loroben2ene is !n or+!nic co(pound t%!t is included in products' suc% !s Ceru(ol drops' w%ic% !re intended )or e!r w!- re(o$!l, T%e r!tion!le )or its
inclusion is b!sed on t%e !bilit* o) p!r!dic%loroben2ene to penetr!te t%e e!r w!- plu+s, Fn Ceru(ol it is !$!il!ble wit% c%lorobut!nol !nd !r!c%is oil, A46 0 0ec!use o) its !ntipl!telet e))ect' t%e !d(inistr!tion o) !spirin to p!tients recei$-in+ w!r)!rin is !ssoci!ted wit% ! potenti!ted !ntico!+ul!nt e))ect le!din+ to !n incre!sed risk o) bleedin+, Aspirin decre!ses pl!telet !++re+!tion b* in!cti$!tin+ c*clo-o-*+en!se' !n en2*(e in$ol$ed in t%e pl!telet !++re+!tion
Test 11 Answers
37
p!t%w!* t%rou+% t%e inter)erence wit% t%ro(bo-!ne A2, Hit!(in = is re uired )or t%e proco!+ul!tion !cti$it*, Aspirin does not inter)ere wit% $it!(in = s*nt%e-sis, ;owe$er w!r)!rin' w%ic% is !n or!l !ntico!+ul!nt' !cts !s ! $it!(in = !nt!+onist, A47 . 4!le-p!ttern b!ldness is !lso re)erred to !s !ndro+enetic !lopeci!, Ft occurs w%en +enetic!ll* predisposed %!ir )ollicles in t%e sc!lp respond to sti(ul!tion b* circul!tin+ !ndro+ens, A48 A &in!steride is !n in%ibitor o) t%e en2*(e 5 -reduct!se' w%ic% is responsible )or t%e (et!bolis( o) testosterone into t%e !ndro+en di%*drotestosterone, &in!steride is used in beni+n prost!tic %*perpl!si! !nd !t ! lower dose in (!le-p!ttern b!ldness, A49 A .i!(orp%ine is !n opioid dru+' w%ic% in (!n* countries is cl!ssi)ied !s ! Gcontrolled dru+D' indic!tin+ t%!t speci!l prescription !nd dispensin+ re uire-(ents !re necess!r*,
.i!(orp%ine is (ore lipid soluble t%!n (orp%ine !nd t%is !llows )or e))ecti$e doses to be in?ected in s(!ller $olu(es, .i!(orp%ine (!* be !d(inistered b* (out%' subcut!neousl*' intr!(uscul!rl* or b* intr!-$enous in?ection, A50 A T%e t%ree dru+s !re used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) n!use! !nd $o(itin+ c!used b* p!lli!ti$e c!ncer tre!t(ent' w%ic% co((onl* )e!tures c*toto-ics !nd opioid dru+s, T%e t%ree dru+s !re use)ul in counter!ctin+ n!use! !nd $o(itin+
3" Test 11 Answers
induced b* opioids !nd c*toto-ic !+ents, ;!loperidol is !lso used in p!lli!-ti$e c!re to counter!ct n!use! !nd $o(itin+ !ttribut!ble to c%e(ic!l c!uses suc% !s %*perc!lc!e(i! !nd ren!l )!ilure, A51 . 0!cteri!l con?uncti$itis is !n e*e disorder c%!r!cterised b* in)l!((!tion o) t%e con?uncti$! c!used b* ! b!cteri!l in)ection, A co((on (icroor+!nis( !ssoci-!ted wit% t%is condition is -tap&ylococcus aureus, T%e condition does not necess!ril* !))ect bot% e*es, ;owe$er' in)ection c!n be spre!d )ro( one e*e to t%e ot%er, T%e p!tient co(pl!ins o) itc%iness or +rittiness on t%e sur)!ce o) t%e e*e but t%is is di))erenti!ted )ro( p!in, A52 : Aet skin lesions or weepin+ lesions (!* or (!* not be in)ected, #e)err!l is not !lw!*s w!rr!nted, Ft is reco((ended to re)er w%en t%e lesion is present-in+ purulent disc%!r+e' w%ic% indic!tes !n in)ecti$e co(ponent, A%en t%e e-ud!te is cle!r !nd w!ter*' t%e p!tient (!* be !d$ised to undert!ke pot!s-siu( per(!n+!n!te so!ks to cle!nse t%e lesion, A53 .
Fn)!nt )or(ul! (ilk prep!r!tions !re (!nu)!ctured to (i(ic !s (uc% !s possible t%e co(position o) t%e (ot%erDs (ilk, 4ost prep!r!tions !re b!sed on cowDs (ilk' !nd (odi)ic!tions' suc% !s t%e !ddition o) c!rbo%*dr!tes' !re (!de to !c%ie$e t%e )or(ul!, T%e )!t content o) in)!nt )or(ul! (ilk is !d?usted to be si(il!r to (ot%erDs (ilk, So(e prep!r!tions (!* substitute cowDs (ilk )!t wit% $e+et!ble !nd !ni(!l )!ts t%!t !re (ore e!sil* di+ested, Fn)!nt )or(ul! (ilk prep!r!tions (!* be presented !s re!d*-to-use prep!r!tions or !s powders )or reconstitution, .ried (ilk )or(ul!tions s%ould be reconstituted !ccordin+ to t%e (!nu)!cturerDs instructions !nd in$ol$e !ddin+ w!ter to t%e powder )or(ul!tion,
Test 11 Answers
39
A54 C St!p%*lococc!l n!pkin der(!titis is ! condition w%ere ! r!s% de$elops in t%e n!pkin !re!, A r!s% t%!t %!s ! pustul!r !ppe!r!nce' !s opposed to ! con-)luent red r!s%' w%ic% is !ssoci!ted wit% n!pkin der(!titis' indic!tes ! b!cteri!l in)ection c!used b* t%e -tap&ylococcus species, A p!tient present-in+ suc% s*(pto(s s%ould be re)erred !s !ntib!cteri!l tre!t(ent (!* be indi-c!ted, C!ndid!l n!pkin der(!titis' w%ere in)ection o) t%e n!pkin !re! wit% !andida species occurs' is !ssoci!ted wit% or!l t%rus% 5c!ndidi!sis7, A55 C Si!lolit%i!sis is ! condition c%!r!cterised b* t%e )or(!tion o) c!lculi 5s!li$!r* stones7 in t%e s!li$!r* ducts or s!li$!r* +l!nds, T%is le!ds to obstruction !nd %ence !ccu(ul!tion o) s!li$! wit%in t%e +l!nd especi!ll* w%en e!tin+, T%e p!tient presents wit% )!ci!l p!in !nd swellin+' w%ic% (!* l!st )or ! )ew %ours, A56 A
A %istor* or suspicion o) ! per)or!ted e!r dru( re uires re)err!l )or !ssess-(ent o) t%e d!(!+e !nd tre!t(ent o) t%e condition t%rou+% s*ste(ic dru+ !d(inistr!tion, .isc%!r+e (!* re)lect !n in)ecti$e co(ponent suc% !s in otitis (edi! !nd in)ecti$e der(!titis, :!r!c%e +ener!ll* occurs wit% otitis (edi! !nd re uires re)err!l )or di!+nosis, A57 0 :n uir* w%et%er t%e s*(pto(s !re rel!ted to )ood int!ke p!tterns con)ir(s t%!t t%e ori+in o) disco()ort is in t%e +!strointestin!l tr!ct, Ho(itin+ or constip!tion wit% indi+estion w!rr!nt re)err!l bec!use t%e clinic!l present!tion (!* indic!te obstruction in t%e +!strointestin!l tr!ct,
46 Test 11 Answers
A58 A 9roducts cont!inin+ !dsorbents suc% !s k!olin !re not reco((ended )or !cute di!rr%oe!, Adsorption (!* inter)ere wit% t%e !bsorption o) ot%er dru+s )ro( t%e intestine, Or!l re%*dr!tion t%er!p* s%ould be considered to be t%e )irst-line tre!t(ent in !cute di!rr%oe!, =!olin !nd 4orp%ine 4i-ture is !n or!l suspen-sion t%!t cont!ins 4M c%loro)or( !nd (orp%ine tincture, Absorption o) (orp%ine !)ter or!l !d(inistr!tion o) =!olin !nd 4orp%ine (!* be reduced bec!use it (!* beco(e !dsorbed to t%e k!olin, A59 C 4e++e2ones p!stilles cont!in (ent%ol, T%e* pro$ide ! soot%in+ e))ect )or sore t%ro!ts t%rou+% t%e pro(otion o) s!li$! secretion, T%e prep!r!tion cont!ins +lucose !s e-cipients !nd t%ere)ore s%ould not be reco((ended to di!betic p!tients, A60 A Fn (i+r!ine +!stric (otilit* is reduced !nd t%is (!* co(pro(ise dru+ !bsorp-tion, Soluble or!l dru+ )or(ul!tions !re pre)erred to solid or!l dos!+e )or(s bec!use !bsorption is )!ster, An!l+esics s%ould be t!ken !t t%e )irst si+n o) !n !tt!ck, S*ndol cont!ins p!r!cet!(ol 5non-opioid dru+7' c!))eine' codeine 5opioid dru+7 !nd
do-*l!(ine 5!nti%ist!(ine7, S*ndol presents ! co(pound !n!l+esic t%!t !lso cont!ins c!))eine' w%ic% is ! we!k sti(ul!nt cl!i(ed to en%!nce t%e !n!l+esic e))ect' !nd ! sed!tin+ !nti%ist!(ine t%!t con)ers !nti-e(etic !cti$it*, A61 0 ;*dro-*c%loro uine !nd +old !re e-!(ples o) dise!se(odi)*in+ !ntir%eu(!tic dru+s t%!t c!n be used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) r%eu(!toid !rt%ri-tis, ;*dro-*c%loro uine is better toler!ted t%!n +old, >old is !ssoci!ted wit% se$ere skin re!ctions !nd blood disorders' w%ic% could be sudden !nd )!t!l,
Test 11 Answers
41
A62 0 9orp%*ri!s !re ! +roup o) r!re disorders t%!t !re c%!r!cterised b* ! disturbed (et!bolis( o) porp%*rin' w%ic% contributes to t%e )or(!tion o) t%e iron-cont!inin+ co(ple-' %!e(, Att!cks (!* be precipit!ted b* dru+ !d(inis-tr!tion, 9ro+esto+ens !re porp%*rino+enic !nd s%ould be !$oided in p!tients wit% porp%*ri!, A63 0 >oserelin is ! +on!dorelin !n!lo+ue t%!t c!n be used in prost!te c!ncer, .urin+ t%e initi!l weeks o) tre!t(ent wit% +on!dorelin !n!lo+ues' incre!sed production o) testosterone (!* result in t%e pro+ression o) prost!te c!ncer 5tu(our G)l!reD7, T%is st!+e (!* present wit% incre!sed bone p!in' b!ck p!in c!used b* spin!l cord co(pression' !nd ureteric obstruction, A64 . T!croli(us !nd ciclosporin !re i((unosuppress!nts, T!croli(us is ! )un+!l (!crolide !nd %!s ! di))erent c%e(ic!l structure to ciclosporin, ;owe$er' it %!s ! si(il!r (ode o) !ction,
T!croli (us
42 Test 11 Answers
Ciclosporin A65 C F(ipr!(ine is ! tric*lic !ntidepress!nt !nd' !s wit% !ll t*pes o) !ntidepres-s!nts' %*pon!tr!e(i! (!* occur in older people, T%is is possibl* due to in!ppropri!te secretion o) !ntidiuretic %or(one, A66 : Fn)l!((!tion o) t%e l!r*n- 5l!r*n+itis7 is usu!ll* due to ! b!cteri!l or $ir!l in)ec-tion !nd is ! $er* co((on condition !)ter ! co((on cold, A%en t%e c!use o) l!r*n+itis is !
b!cteri!l in)ection' !n !ntib!cteri!l !+ent (!* be !ppropri!te, Atropine is !n !nti(usc!rinic dru+ t%!t c!n be used in t%e s*(pto(!tic relie) o) +!strointestin!l disorders c%!r!cterised b* s(oot% (uscle sp!s(' in (*dri!sis !nd c*clople+i!' )or t%e re$ers!l o) br!d*c!rdi!' !nd in c!rdiopul(on!r* resuscit!tion,
Test 11 Answers
43
A67 A 3idoc!ine is indic!ted )or $entricul!r !rr%*t%(i!s' especi!ll* !)ter (*oc!rdi!l in)!rction' bec!use it suppresses $entricul!r t!c%*c!rdi! !nd reduces t%e risk o) $entricul!r )ibrill!tion, A68 A Fn (oder!te kidne* d!(!+e' t%e dose o) !tenolol s%ould be reduced, Atenolol is ! %i+%l* w!ter-soluble dru+ t%!t is e-creted b* t%e kidne*s, ;ence it (!* !ccu(ul!te in t%e bod* to ! +re!ter e-tent t%!n propr!nolol' w%ic% is predo(i-n!ntl* e-creted b* t%e li$er, A69 C &il+r!sti( is indic!ted )or t%e reduction in dur!tion o) neutropeni! !s ! result o) c*toto-ic c%e(ot%er!p*, &il+r!sti( is ! reco(bin!nt %u(!n +r!nuloc*te-colon* sti(ul!tin+ )!ctor 5>-CS&7, A70 : A%en dru+s !re !d(inistered to bre!st-)eedin+ (ot%ers' t%e concentr!tion o) so(e dru+s in (ilk (!* e-ceed t%e concentr!tion in (!tern!l pl!s(!, T%er!-peutic doses in
t%e (ot%er (!* result in to-ic doses in t%e (ilk, To-icit* in t%e in)!nt depends on t%e dru+ !nd on t%e !(ount o) dru+ in t%e (ilk, A71 C 9e(p%i+us is ! skin condition c%!r!cterised b* se$ere !nd c%ronic blisterin+' w%ic% is !ttributed to !n !utoi((une re!ction, Or!l corticosteroids !re t%e )irst-line tre!t(ent, F((unosuppress!nts !re considered eit%er w%en opti(u( (!n!+e(ent is not !c%ie$ed wit% or!l corticosteroids or w%en corticosteroids !re not toler!ted or t%e dose %!s to be decre!sed,
44 Test 11 Answers
A72 . :!r p!in durin+ !ir tr!$el w%en t%e !ircr!)t is descendin+ occurs w%en t%e eust!c%i!n tube' w%ic% nor(!ll* e u!lises t%e pressure' is blocked !nd pressure inside t%e (iddle e!r is less t%!n on t%e outside 5b!rotr!u(!7, T%e t*(p!nic (e(br!ne is sucked !nd (!* rupture, 8!s!l decon+est!nts (!* be used to pre$ent eust!c%i!n tube block!+e %ence pre$entin+ b!rotr!u(!, A73 C Stel!2ine cont!ins tri)luoper!2ine' ! p%enot%i!2ine, Ft (!* c!use p!nc*to-peni!' w%ic% includes !+r!nuloc*tosis, A+r!nuloc*tosis is ! condition result-in+ in ! (!rked decre!se in t%e nu(ber o) +r!nuloc*tes, A74 C Tinnitus is !n !d$erse e))ect o) )urose(ide' especi!ll* w%en it is !d(inistered in l!r+e p!renter!l doses' !s ! r!pid !d(inistr!tion !nd in ren!l i(p!ir(ent, 8ot !ll diuretics !re !ssoci!ted wit% tinnitus, A75 0 Fncre!sed serotoner+ic e))ects %!$e been reported w%en
St <o%nDs wort is +i$en wit% selecti$e serotonin re-upt!ke in%ibitors 5SS#Fs7, Conco(it!nt use s%ould be !$oided, Sertr!line is !n SS#F, St <o%nDs wort is ! %erb!l re(ed* t%!t c!n be used )or (ild depression, A76 : Co-cod!(ol prep!r!tions' w%ic% (!* be sold to t%e public !s o$er-t%e-counter (edicines' cont!in codeine " (+, Cocod!(ol is ! co(bin!tion o) codeine 5opioid dru+7 !nd p!r!cet!(ol,
Test 11 Answers
45
A77 C H!ricell! 5c%ickenpo-7 is !n in)ection c!used b* t%e $!ricell! 2oster $irus' w%ic% in t%e !cute p%!se is %i+%l* cont!+ious, Ft is tr!ns(itted $i! !irborne droplets or b* cont!ct wit% !cti$e lesions, H!ricell! 2oster i((uno+lobulin is !$!il!ble )or prop%*l!-is )or indi$idu!ls w%o !re !t incre!sed risk o) se$ere $!ricell! or w%o %!$e si+ni)ic!nt e-posure to c%ickenpo- or %erpes 2oster, A78 . >r!du!ted co(pression %osier* is in so(e c!ses reco((ended durin+ pre+-n!nc* !+!inst t%e $!ricosis t%!t (!* result, Co(pression wit% +r!du!ted %osier* !llows %!e(ost!sis to occur !nd t%ere)ore reduces oede(! !nd swellin+, A79 . 8octurn!l enuresis is persistent in$olunt!r* urin!tion durin+ sleep !nd it is ! co((on condition in *oun+ c%ildren, .ru+ tre!t(ent is not !ppropri!te in c%ildren under 5 *e!rs o) !+e !nd it is usu!ll* not needed in t%ose under 7 *e!rs, 9s*c%ot%er!p* !nd enuresis !l!r(s (!* be used, :nuresis !l!r(s s%ould be )irst-line tre!t(ent )or
well-(oti$!ted c%ildren !+ed o$er 7 *e!rs bec!use t%eir use (!* !c%ie$e ! (ore sust!ined reduction o) enuresis t%!n t%e use o) dru+s, Tric*clic !ntidepress!nts suc% !s !(itript*line' i(ipr!(ine !nd less o)ten' nortript*line (!* be used in nocturn!l enuresis, ;owe$er' rel!pse is co((on !)ter dru+ wit%dr!w!l, A80 . 0et!%istine is !n !n!lo+ue o) %ist!(ine !nd is indic!ted )or $erti+o' tinnitus !nd %e!rin+ loss !ssoci!ted wit% 4NniOreDs dise!se, Side-e))ects o) bet!%istine include +!strointestin!l disturb!nces' %e!d!c%e' r!s%es !nd pruritus,
46 Test 11 Answers
A81 A 9re(!rin is !n e-!(ple o) ! product t%!t presents %or(one repl!ce(ent t%er!p* !nd cont!ins con?u+!ted oestro+ens 625 J+, A82 : 9re(!rin is !lso !$!il!ble !s t!blets o) 1,25 (+ con?u+!ted oestro+ens !nd !s ! $!+in!l cre!(' w%ic% cont!ins 625 J+L+ con?u+!ted oestro+ens, A83 C 9re(!rin is not indic!ted in wo(en wit% int!ct uterus bec!use it does not present c*clic!l or continuous !d(inistr!tion o) pro+esto+en, Fn wo(en wit% int!ct uterus' t%e !d(inistr!tion o) pro+esto+en )or !t le!st 12 d!*s per (ont% reduces t%e risk o) endo(etri!l c!ncer, ;or(one repl!ce(ent t%er!p* 5;#T7 is !n option )or t%e prop%*l!-is o) osteoporosis !nd 9re(!rin (!* be used )or t%is purpose, ;owe$er' +uidelines in ! nu(ber o) countries !d$ise t%!t ;#T s%ould not be considered !s )irst-line t%er!p* )or t%e lon+-ter( pre$ention o) osteoporosis in wo(en o$er 56 *e!rs o) !+e, 9re(!rin is (!rketed b* A*et%, A84 0 9ro+*no$! is !not%er product t%!t presents !n oestro+en co(ponent onl* !nd t%ere)ore is indic!ted in wo(en wit%out int!ct uterus, Ft cont!ins estr!diol $!ler!te, 8u$elle' Trise uens !nd &e(oston !re e-!(ples o) products cont!in-in+ estr!diol wit% pro+esto+en' w%ere!s 9re(p!k-C is !n e-!(ple o) ! product t%!t cont!ins con?u+!ted oestro+ens wit% pro+esto+en,
A85 . 9!tient s%ould t!ke one 9re(!rin t!blet d!il* !nd st!rt ! new p!ck once t%e 2"-d!* p!ck %!s )inis%ed, T%e t%er!p* is continuous !nd t%ere is no 7-d!*
Test 11 Answers
47
bre!k, 9!tient s%ould be !d$ised to (!int!in re+ul!r $isits to ! +ener!l pr!ctitioner e$er* 12 (ont%s but s%ould be !d$ised to seek !d$ice )ro( t%e p%!r(!cist or t%e +ener!l pr!ctitioner s%ould !n* s*(pto(s t%!t w!rr!nt wit%-dr!w!l o) t%e ;#T occur, Suc% s*(pto(s include sudden' se$ere c%est p!in' sudden bre!t%lessness or cou+% wit% bloodst!ined sputu(' une-pl!ined se$ere p!in in t%e c!l) o) one le+' se$ere sto(!c% p!in' serious neurolo+ic!l e))ects includin+ unusu!ll* se$ere' prolon+ed %e!d!c%e !nd blood pressure !bo$e s*stolic 166 ((;+ !nd di!stolic 166 ((;+, A86 C &os!(!- cont!ins !lendronic !cid' ! bip%osp%on!te t%!t is !dsorbed onto %*dro-*!p!tite cr*st!ls in t%e bone resultin+ in ! deceler!tion in t%e r!te o) +rowt% !nd dissolution o) t%e bone, Ise o) !lendronic !cid t%ere)ore results in ! decre!sed r!te o) bone turno$er, Alendronic !cid (!* c!use oesop%!+e!l re!ctions !nd p!tients s%ould be !d$ised to seek !d$ice i) t%e* de$elop s*(pto(s o) oesop%!+e!l irrit!tion suc% !s d*sp%!+i!, A87 . &os!(!- Once Aeekl* is !$!il!ble !s ! p!ck cont!inin+
)our t!blets o) 76 (+ stren+t% !t ! price o) K22,"6, At t%is dos!+e re+i(en' weekl* tre!t(ent costs !bout K6, &os!(!- t!blets !re !$!il!ble in 5 (+' 16 (+ !nd 76 (+ stren+t%s, T%e p!tient %!s been prescribed one 76 (+ t!blet once ! week, A88 0 Co(bi$ent cont!ins ipr!tropiu( 5!nti(usc!rinic bronc%odil!tor7 !nd s!lbut!-(ol 5selecti$e bet!2 !+onist7, A89 C Co(bi$ent is !$!il!ble !s !n !erosol in%!l!tion !nd !s ! nebuliser solution,
4" Test 11 Answers
A90 0 Hentolin cont!ins s!lbut!(ol !nd Atro$ent cont!ins ipr!tropiu(, T%e two products c!n be used to+et%er to repl!ce t%e co(bin!tion product Co(bi$ent, 0ecotide cont!ins beclo(et!sone 5corticosteroid7, A91 A .epo-4edrone consists o) (et%*lprednisolone 5corticosteroid7' w%ic% is used )or t%e suppression o) in)l!((!tor* !nd !ller+ic disorders !nd in r%eu(!tic dise!se, A92 . .epo-4edrone is presented !s !n ! ueous suspension t%!t c!n be !d(inis-tered eit%er b* deep intr!(uscul!r in?ection into t%e +lute!l (uscle or b* intr!-!rticul!r or intr!s*no$i!l in?ection )or r%eu(!tic dise!se, Ad(inistr!tion c!n be repe!ted !)ter 2E3 weeks or' )or r%eu(!tic dise!se' !t inter$!ls o) 7E35 d!*s, Corticosteroids' includin+ (et%*lprednisolone' c!n be used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) r!ised intr!cr!ni!l pressure or in cerebr!l oede(! resultin+ )ro( (!li+n!nc*,
A93 0 9ers!ntin #et!rd cont!ins dip*rid!(ole w%ic%' like !spirin' is !n !ntipl!telet dru+, A94 A Side-e))ects o) dip*rid!(ole include +!strointestin!l
e))ects' worsenin+ o) s*(pto(s o) coron!r* %e!rt dise!se !nd %ot )lus%es,
Test 11 Answers
49
A95 . T%e ori+in!l p!ck o) 9ers!ntin #et!rd cont!ins ! dessic!nt t%!t protects t%e (odi)ied-rele!se c!psules, A96 0 T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised to t!ke one c!psule o) 9ers!ntin #et!rd twice d!il* wit% )ood !nd to t!ke one t!blet o) !spirin d!il*, 9ers!ntin #et!rd c!psules !re unst!ble in %u(id conditions' so t%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised to open one p!ck !nd to use t%e c!psules be)ore openin+ !not%er p!ck, F) !n* c!psules re(!in 6 weeks !)ter openin+ ! p!ck' t%e* s%ould be disc!rded, A97 A &orce$!l is ! (ulti$it!(in prep!r!tion' w%ic% is !$!il!ble !s !dult !nd p!edi-!tric )or(ul!tions 5&orce$!l <unior c!psules7, Hi$iopt!l is !lso ! (ulti$it!(in prep!r!tion, Ft is presented )or c%ildren o$er 12 *e!rs o) !+e !nd )or !dults, 4!-ep! consists o) ! )is%-oil prep!r!tion ric% in o(e+!-3(!rine tri+l*cerides' :n-.e-=!* presents ! )luoride supple(ent w%ere!s C!lciu(-S!ndo2 cont!ins c!lciu( s!lts,
A98 C Acti)ed C%est* Cou+%s s*rup cont!ins +u!i)enesin 5e-pector!nt7' pseudo-ep%edrine 5decon+est!nt7 !nd triprolidine 5!nti%ist!(ine7, 0en*lin wit% Codeine s*rup cont!ins codeine 5!ntitussi$e7' dip%en%*dr!(ine 5!nti%ist!(ine7 !nd (ent%ol, Alupent s*rup cont!ins orcipren!line' !n !drenoceptor !+onist indic!ted )or re$ersible !irw!*s obstruction, Hicks 4edinite s*rup cont!ins de-tro(et%orp%!n 5!ntitussi$e7' do-*l!(ine 5!nti%ist!(ine7' ep%edrine 5decon-+est!nt7 !nd p!r!cet!(ol 5!n!l+esic !nd !nti-p*retic7, Hicks 4edinite is not reco((ended )or c%ildren under 16 *e!rs o) !+e, 8eocl!rit*n s*rup cont!ins deslor!tidine' ! non-sed!tin+ !nti%ist!(ine,
56 Test 11 Answers
A99 : Fbutop +el cont!ins ibupro)en, 0ru)en cont!ins ibupro)en but t%e dos!+e )or(s !$!il!ble !re t!blets' s*rup !nd e))er$escent +r!nules, Holt!rol 5diclo)en!c7 !nd Oru$!il 5ketopro)en7 present ot%er non-steroid!l !nti-in)l!((!tor* dru+s in t%e )or( o) +els, .ub!( products cont!in rube)!cients, A100 A C!nesten is presented !s ! $!+in!l cre!(' w%ic% cont!ins clotri(!2ole' !n i(id!2ole !nti)un+!l !+ent t%!t is indic!ted in $!+in!l c!ndidi!sis, Ort%o->*nest is presented !s !n intr!$!+in!l cre!( t%!t cont!ins estriol !nd w%ic% is indic!ted !s ! topic!l %or(one repl!ce(ent t%er!p*, :ur!- cont!ins crot!(i-ton' !n !nti-pruritic' 0!ctrob!n cont!ins (upirocin' !n !ntib!cteri!l !+ent' !nd .er(o$!te cont!ins clobet!sol' ! corticosteroid,
Questions Questions 110 Directions' :!c% o) t%e uestions or inco(plete st!te(ents is )ollowed b* )i$e su++ested !nswers, Select t%e best !nswer in e!c% c!se, Q1 All t%e )ollowin+ products !re selecti$e in%ibitors o) c*clo-o-*+en!se-2 :@C:9T1 A B C D E Celebre Arco-i! 4obic &eldene 9re-i+e
Q2 A%!t is !n !ppropri!te t%er!peutic !ltern!ti$e )or 9ul(icortB A B C D E Q3 C!diten 0ecotide Fnt!l Atro$ent Sere$ent
#!*n!udDs p%eno(enon1 A B C D : is c%!r!cterised b* $!sodil!tion c!uses %ot' red )eet st!rts !s w%ite p!tc%es o) skin is c!used b* ! b!cteri!l in)ection (!* re uire $!sodil!tor tre!t(ent 5 1
Q4
3e)luno(ide1 A B C D E its t%er!peutic e))ect st!rts !)ter 4E6 weeks is +i$en !s !n initi!l dose o) 7,5 (+ is !d(inistered once ! week is !$!il!ble onl* )or p!renter!l !d(inistr!tion no w!s%out procedures !re re uired w%en c%!n+in+ to !not%er product
Q5
C!n!(i$ir1 A B C D E reduces replic!tion o) in)luen2! A !nd 0 $iruses reduces dur!tion o) in)luen2! s*(pto(s b* 3 d!*s is licensed )or prop%*l!-is o) in)luen2! is !$!il!ble !s c!psules is licensed )or use wit%in 72 % o) t%e )irst s*(pto(s
Q6
.i!betic retinop!t%*1 A B C D E is re$ersible c%!n+es in t%e lens s%!pe indic!tes lon+-st!ndin+ uncontrolled di!betes presents wit% i(p!ired dr!in!+e o) t%e ! ueous %u(our is !n e-!(ple o) corne!l in?ur* is c%!r!cterised b* proteol*tic en2*(es !))ectin+ t%e lens
Q7
4etol!2one1 A B C D : pro)ound diuresis (!* occur is ! loop diuretic is (!rketed !s 8!trili (!-i(u( d!il* dose is 26 (+ !nt!+onises !ldosterone
Questions 11E 34 53
Q8
All t%e )ollowin+ products cont!in codeine :@C:9T1 A B C D E S*ndol Solp!deine 4! 4i+r!le$e Ini)lu 9!n!dol :-tr!
Q9 A si+ni)ic!nt clinic!l inter!ction (!* occur i) St <o%nDs wort is !d(inis-tered conco(it!ntl* wit%1 A B C D E +licl!2ide si($!st!tin sertr!line !(o-icillin s!lbut!(ol
Q10 0!s!l cell c!rcino(!1 A B C D E )or(s (et!st!ses r!pidl* !rises )ro( ! (ole (!* occur in sc!r tissue +ener!l (!l!ise is t%e presentin+ s*(pto( is !ssoci!ted wit% poor pro+nosis
Questions 1134 Directions' :!c% +roup o) uestions below consists o) )i$e lettered %e!din+s )ollowed b* ! list o) nu(bered uestions, &or e!c% nu(bered
uestion select t%e one %e!din+ t%!t is (ost closel* rel!ted to it, :!c% %e!din+ (!* be used once' (ore t%!n once or not !t !ll,
Questions 11E13 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B C D E los!rt!n $!ls!rt!n c!ndes!rt!n tel(is!rt!n lisinopril
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e corresponds to t%e br!nd n!(e1 4ic!r Q11 dis Co2! Q12 !r .io$! Q13 n Questions 14E17 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B C D E tr!(!dol di%*drocodeine de-tropropo-*p%ene re(i)ent!nil di!(orp%ine
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q14 %!s )ewer o) t%e t*pic!l opioid side-e))ects
Q15 is pre)erred )or use durin+ intr!-oper!ti$e !n!l+esi! Q16 en%!nces serotoner+ic !nd !drener+ic p!t%w!*s Q17 re uires s(!ller $olu(es )or !n e ui$!lent e))ecti$e dose o) (orp%ine
Questions 11E34
55
Questions 1"E26 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A C C D E !l)u2osin dinoprostone t!d!l!)il indo(et!cin ritodrine
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q18 (!* c!use drowsiness Q19 (!* c!use %*pok!l!e(i! Q20 (!* c!use se$ere uterine contr!ctions Questions 21E23 concern t%e )ollowin+ dos!+e re+i(ens1 A B C D E 5 (+ !t ni+%t 26 (+ in t%e (ornin+ 466 J+ twice d!il* 156 (+ twice d!il* 36 (+ !t ni+%t
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e corresponds to t%e )ollowin+ products1 Q21 .ulco-l!- t!blets Q22 C!nt!c t!blets Q23 9!riet t!blets
Questions 24E26 concern t%e )ollowin+ products1 A B C D E 9roctosed*l suppositories ri)!(picin t!blets Slow-= t!blets isoni!2id t!blets +l*cerin suppositories
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e corresponds to t%e )ollowin+ !d$ice1 Q24 sw!llow w%ole wit% )luid durin+ (e!ls Q25 store between 2PC !nd "PC Q26 !d$ise p!tient to !$oid so)t cont!ct lens we!r Questions 27E36 concern t%e )ollowin+ products1 A B C D E >!$iscon Ad$!nce suspension .entino- drops :no s!lts Actonor( +el #ennie t!blets
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% o) t%e !bo$e1 Q27 cont!ins sodiu( bic!rbon!te Q28 is suit!ble )or ! p!tient wit% s*(pto(s o) (ild +!strooesop%!+e!l re)lu- dise!se
Q29 cont!ins c!lciu( s!lts Q30 is ! prep!r!tion t%!t cont!ins si(eticone onl* !s !cti$e in+redient
Questions 35E 66 57
Questions 31E34 concern t%e )ollowin+ t!blet descriptions1 A B C D E +re*is%-red 25 (+ (Lr pink 16 (+ (Lr +re*-red 75 (+ or!n+e scored 166 (+ w%ite scored 5 (+
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e corresponds to t%e )ollowin+ propriet!r* prep!r!tion1 Q31 Ad!l!t Tenor Q32 (in An!)r! Q33 nil 3udio Q34 (il Questions 3560 Directions' &or e!c% o) t%e uestions below' O8: or 4O#: o) t%e responses is 5!re7 correct, .ecide w%ic% o) t%e responses is 5!re7 correct, T%en c%oose1 A B A D i) 1' 2 !nd 3 !re correct i) 1 !nd 2 onl* !re correct i) 2 !nd 3 onl* !re correct i) 1 onl* is correct
i) 3 onl* is correct .irections su((!rised A 1' 2' 3 0 C . 1 onl* : 3 onl*
1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl*
Q35 Accordin+ to +ood pr!ctice' w%en dispensin+ ! (edic!tion t%e p%!r(!cist is re uired to1 1 2 3 pro$ide written instructions pro$ide $erb!l !d$ice !sk w%et%er t%e p!tient %!s !n* proble(s wit% t%e (edic!tion
Q36 A%en ! p!tient presents wit% s*(pto(s o) ! (usculoskelet!l disorder in t%e neck !nd !r(s' w%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ points s%ould be +i$en priorit* b* t%e p%!r(!cist w%en !ssessin+ t%e s*(pto(sB 1 2 3 sti))ness !nd nu(bness sust!ined in?ur* itc%iness
Q37 Fn ! co((unit* p%!r(!c*' t%e (!n!+in+ p%!r(!cist s%ould ensure t%!t t%e dispensin+ e uip(ent1 1 2 3 is stored in ! cle!n pl!ce is cle!ned !)ter use is securel* locked !nd !ccessible onl* to p%!r(!cists
Q38 A )e(!le p!tient presents wit% unco(plic!ted s*(pto(s o) p!in)ul' )re uent !nd ur+ent urin!tion, A%en reco((endin+ (!n!+e(ent o) t%e condition' t%e p%!r(!cist s%ould prioritise1 1 2 e-pl!inin+ to t%e p!tient !bout person!l %*+iene reco((endin+ (edic!tions t%!t !lk!linise t%e urine
!d$isin+ t%e p!tient to drink l!r+e $olu(es o) )luid
Q39 A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ !+ents is 5!re7 used in )un+!tin+ +rowt% in p!lli!-ti$e c!reB 1 2 3 (etronid!2ole !(o-icillin nitro)ur!ntoin
Questions 35E 66 59
Q40 9!r!cet!(ol o$erdose1 1 occurs wit% t%e in+estion wit%in 24 % o) 4 + 2 e!rl* )e!tures !re %*per$entil!tion !nd swe!tin+ 3 li$er d!(!+e is (!-i(!l 3E4 d!*s !)ter in+estion Q41 A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ dru+s re uire ! dose-reduction in p!tients wit% se$ere ren!l i(p!ir(entB 1 2 3 ce)!clor !(o-icillin insulin
Q42 &ollitropin !l)!1 1 (!* be !d(inistered b* subcut!neous in?ection 2 is used in t%e tre!t(ent o) in)ertilit* in wo(en 3 in)ertilit* c!used b* t%*roid disorders s%ould be ruled out be)ore !d(inistr!tion Q43 9otenti!ll* %!2!rdous inter!ctions could occur between1 1 (e(!ntine !nd 8i+%t 8urse 2 t!croli(us !nd +r!pe)ruit ?uice 3 c!rb!(!2epine !nd co-pro-!(ol
Q44 #e(ic!de1 1 in%ibits !cti$it* o) tu(our necrosis )!ctor 2 is used in r%eu(!toid !rt%ritis w%en t%e p!tient %!s not responded to ot%er dise!se-(odi)*in+ !ntir%eu(!tic dru+s 3 t%e p!tient s%ould be instructed to seek !d$ice i) s*(pto(s su++esti$e o) tuberculosis occur
Q45 H!ricell!-2oster $!ccine1 1 is ! li$e !ttenu!ted $!ccine 2 is indic!ted )or routine i((unis!tion in c%ildren 3 is !$!il!ble in two stren+t%s Q46 3i$er )unction s%ould be (onitored w%en tre!t(ent is st!rted wit% w%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ dru+sB 1 2 3 rosi+lit!2one c!r$edilol insulin
Q47 Cou+% prep!r!tions t%!t c!n be used in ! p!tient wit% %*pert%*roidis( co(pl!inin+ o) ! c%est* cou+% include1 1 2 3 4ucod*ne Acti)ed C%est* Cou+%s .!* 8urse
Q48 3oc!biot!l1 1 is !n !nti-in)ecti$e prep!r!tion 2 (!* be !d(inistered n!s!ll* or in t%e or!l c!$it* 3 is indic!ted )or )irst-line tre!t(ent o) b!cteri!l sinusitis Q49 A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ dru+s s%ould be !$oided wit%
st!tinsB 1 2 3 +e()ibro2il di+o-in co-!(o-icl!$
Questions 35E 66 61
Q50 9ropo)ol1 1 is !d(inistered b* in%!l!tion 2 (!* be used )or t%e induction o) !n!est%esi! in p!edi!tric p!tients 3 is !ssoci!ted wit% (ini(!l %!n+o$er e))ects Q51 9*rido-ine1 1 de)icienc* (!* occur durin+ isoni!2id t%er!p* 2 (!* be used d!il* )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) pre(enstru!l s*ndro(e 3 is ! precursor o) prost!+l!ndin :1 Q52 :))ecti$e product5s7 )or t%e prop%*l!-is o) (otion sickness t%!t c!n be t!ken 36 (inutes be)ore tr!$ellin+ is 5!re71 1 2 3 cetiri2ine cinn!ri2ine %*oscine
Q53 Aitc% %!2el 1 cont!ins )l!$onoids !nd t!nnins 2 %!s !strin+ent !nd !nti-in)l!((!tor* properties 3 is indic!ted )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) psori!sis
Q54 3eptospirosis1 1 is c!used b* ! p!r!sitic (icroor+!nis( )ound on do+s 2 onset is sudden 3 s*(pto(s !re si(il!r to in)luen2! but (!* include !bdo(in!l p!in !nd $o(itin+
Q55 Henous ulcers1 1 +ener!ll* occur on t%e lower le+ 2 p!tients s%ould be encour!+ed to e-ercise 3 p!tients s%ould be !d$ised not to use co(pression b!nd!+es Q56 Cus%in+Ds s*ndro(e1 1 %*persecretion o) %*drocortisone occurs 2 (!* be c!used b* lon+-ter( s*ste(ic !d(inistr!tion o) prednisolone !t %i+% doses 3 is c%!r!cterised b* loss o) wei+%t Q57 <u$enile r%eu(!toid !rt%ritis1 1 %!s ! poor pro+nosis 2 !))ects predo(in!ntl* lower li(bs 1 bl!dder )unction (!* be i(p!ired Q58 .or2ol!(ide1 1 (!* be used in con?unction wit% ti(olol 2 (!* c!use e*elid in)l!((!tion !nd crustin+ 3 blood count s%ould be (onitored Q59 Aerodiol1 C cont!ins !n oestro+en co(ponent onl* 2 (!* be used wit% c*clic!l pro+esto+en 3 is presented !s ! n!s!l spr!*
Questions 61E "6 63
Q60 F(!tinib1 1 (!* c!use nep%roto-icit* 2 is +i$en intr!$enousl* 3 is used in c%ronic (*eloid leuk!e(i! Questions 6180 Directions' T%e )ollowin+ uestions consist o) ! )irst st!te(ent )ollowed b* ! second st!te(ent, .ecide w%et%er t%e )irst st!te(ent is true or )!lse, .ecide w%et%er t%e second st!te(ent is true or )!lse, T%en c%oose1 A i) bot% st!te(ents !re true !nd t%e second st!te(ent is ! correct e-pl!n!tion o) t%e )irst st!te(ent i) bot% st!te(ents !re true but t%e second st!te(ent is 8OT ! correct e-pl!n!tion o) t%e )irst st!te(ent i) t%e )irst st!te(ent is true but t%e second st!te(ent is )!lse i) t%e )irst st!te(ent is )!lse but t%e second st!te(ent is true i) bot% st!te(ents !re )!lse .irections su((!rised &irst Second
C D E
st!te(ent A 0 C . : True True True &!lse &!lse
st!te(ent True True &!lse True &!lse Second st!te(ent is ! correct explanation o) t%e )irst Second st!te(ent is 25( a correct explanation o) t%e )irst
Q61 8o i(port!nt di))erences %!$e been )ound between t%e (!?or cl!sses o) !nti%*pertensi$e dru+s in ter(s o) e))ic!c*, T%e c%oice o) !nti%*perten-si$e dru+s depends on contr!indic!tions, Q62 Cit!lopr!( s%ould not be used in p!tients under 1" *e!rs, An incre!sed risk o) suicid!l t%ou+%ts is !ssoci!ted wit% SS#Fs, Q63 Sodiu( blood le$els s%ould be (onitored in p!tients t!kin+ !ntidepres-s!nts reportin+ drowsiness !nd con)usion, ;*pern!tr!e(i! (!* occur wit% !ntidepress!nts, Q64 S!l(eterol s%ould not be used on ! re+ul!r b!sis in p!tients wit% (ild to (oder!te !st%(!, S!l(eterol s%ould be used !s ! sin+le t%er!p* in !cute !tt!cks, Q65 An initi!l d!il* dose o) orp%en!drine %*droc%loride is 156 (+, T%e (!-i(u( dose is li(ited b* end-o)dose deterior!tion, Q66 .i))erin +el is ! retinoid-like dru+, .i))erin +el is !pplied once d!il* !t ni+%t, Q67 4e!sles is !n !cute in)ection w%ere t%e c!t!rr%!l st!+e is t%e (ost in)ectious, T%e 44# $!ccine (!* be used )or prop%*l!-is o) rubell! )ollowin+ e-posure, Q68 Tin2!p!rin (!* be !d(inistered 24 % be)ore sur+er*,
Tin2!p!rin is !d(inistered once d!il* in t%e prop%*l!-is o) deep-$ein t%ro(bosis !)ter +ener!l sur+er*, Q69 Fn t%e prop%*l!-is o) !n+in!' +l*cer*l trinitr!te p!tc%es !re !pplied e$er* " %, T%e p!tc% s%ould be !pplied to t%e l!ter!l c%est w!ll on t%e s!(e site e$er* ti(e, Q70 Al)!c!lcidol is t%e %*dro-*l!ted )or( o) $it!(in ., Ft is !ssoci!ted wit% %*perc!lc!e(i!' w%ic% is di))icult to tre!t,
Q71 3!nolin (!* c!use sensitis!tion, 3!nolin is %i+%l* w!ter-!bsorbent, Q72 A%en usin+ or!l re%*dr!tion s!lts' di!betic p!tients s%ould (onitor blood +lucose le$els, Ft is reco((ended t%!t !dults consu(e 266 (3 o$er 4 %, Q73 Fn !t%leteDs )oot' toln!)t!te powder is reco((ended )or dustin+ into s%oes !nd stockin+s, T%e powder )or(ul!tion pre$ents skin (!cer!tion, Q74 0en2*d!(ine is indic!ted )or (out% ulcers, 0en2*d!(ine is !$!il!ble !s !n or!l rinse !nd or!l spr!*, Q75 4icon!2ole or!l +el s%ould be !$oided durin+ pre+n!nc*, 4icon!2ole or!l +el (!* be !bsorbed )ro( t%e or!l (ucos!, Q76 An e ui$!lent to 4inulet is Cilest, 4inulet is ! trip%!sic prep!r!tion, Q77 8or)lo-!cin s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) epileps*, 8or)lo-!cin (!* c!use con)usion' %!llucin!tions !nd con-$ulsions !s sidee))ects, Q78 9i$(ecillin!( is !cti$e !+!inst >r!(-ne+!ti$e b!cteri!, Ft is used in in)ections c!used b* Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
Q79 C*b!n is used in s(okin+ cess!tion, T%e price per t!blet is !round K6,64, Q80 Se$ere li$er cirr%osis (!* pro+ress to %ep!tic encep%!lop!t%*, T%is (!* +i$e rise to co(!, Questions 81100 Directions' T%ese uestions in$ol$e prescriptions or p!tient re uests, #e!d t%e prescription or p!tient re uest !nd !nswer t%e uestions,
Questions "1E"51 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, S*(bicort turbo%!ler 266L6 2 pu))s bd .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q81 :!c% in%!l!tion o) S*(bicort cont!ins1 A B C D E budesonide 266 J+ !nd )or(oterol 6 J+ budesonide 6 J+ !nd )or(oterol 266 J+ budesonide 166 J+ !nd )or(oterol 4,5 J+ budesonide 266 (+ !nd )or(oterol 6 (+ budesonide 166 (+ !nd )or(oterol 4,5 (+
Q82 S*(bicort is presented1 1 !s ! pressurised (etered-dose in%!ler 2 wit% ! sp!cer de$ice 3 !s ! dr* powder in%!ler
A B C 1 :
1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q83 T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised to1 1 use t%e product twice d!il* 2 rinse t%e (out% wit% w!ter !)ter in%!l!tion 2 use t%e (edic!tion on !ltern!te d!*s A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q84 &ollowin+ lon+-ter( use o) t%e product t%e p!tient (!* be predisposed to1 1 2 3 A B C A E osteoporosis +l!uco(! c!t!r!cts 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q85 T%e p!tient could (onitor (!n!+e(ent o) t%e condition tre!ted b*1 A B C nebulisers pe!k )low (eters o-*+en )low
D :
use o) sp!cers use o) respir!tor solutions
Questions "6E""1 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, A!r)!rin t!blets 7,5 (+ d!il* .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q86 A%en dispensin+ t%e !bo$e prescription )or ! 36-d!* suppl*' t%e !(ount o) t!blets t%!t s%ould be dispensed is1 A B C 1 E 36 t!blets o) 5 (+ !nd 15 t!blets o) 1 (+ 36 t!blets o) 5 (+ !nd 36 t!blets o) 1 (+ 36 t!blets o) 5 (+ !nd 96 t!blets o) 1 (+ 66 t!blets o) 5 (+ !nd 16 t!blets o) 1 (+ 45 t!blets o) 5 (+
Q87 T%e F8# )or ! p!tient recei$in+ w!r)!rin )or tre!t(ent o) deep-$ein t%ro(bosis s%ould be kept !t1 A B 1 2
C D E
2,5 3 3,5
Q88 F) t%e F8# le$el is ele$!ted' steps t%!t could be t!ken include1 1 incre!se dose o) w!r)!rin 2 stop w!r)!rin 3 c%eck occurrence o) bleedin+
Questions "1E166
69
A B C D E
1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions "9E911 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, #isperd!l 2 (+ bd .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q89 #isperd!l is !n !ntips*c%otic t%!t is cl!ssi)ied !s1 A B C D E but*rop%enone t%io-!nt%ene !t*pic!l substituted ben2!(ide dip%en*lbut*lpiperidine
Q90 T%e p!tient is !d$ised1 1 to t!ke two t!blets d!il* 2 not to stop (edic!tion wit%out (edic!l !d$ice 3 not to consu(e c!))eine-cont!inin+ drinks
A B C D E
1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q91 #isperidone is to be used wit% c!ution in1 1 epileps* 2 9!rkinsonDs dise!se 3 sc%i2op%reni! A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions 92E941 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, .up% !l!c 36 (3
tds
.octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Questions "1E166
71
Q92 .up%!l!c (!* be indic!ted )or1 1 bowel cle!nsin+ 2 %ep!tic encep%!lop!t%* 3 constip!tion A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q93 .up%!l!c1 1 discour!+es proli)er!tion o) !((oni!producin+ or+!nis(s 2 re uires s*ste(ic !bsorption )or e))ecti$eness 2 (!* c!use n!use! A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q94 .up%!l!c1 3 is !$!il!ble !s ! solution 2 needs to be reconstituted be)ore dispensin+ 3 s%ould be kept in ! re)ri+er!tor A B C D 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl*
3 onl*
Questions 95E961 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Holt!rol Op%t%! drops 2 drops bd .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q95 Holt!rol Op%t%! is used1 1 !)ter c!t!r!ct sur+er* C )or its !nti-in)l!((!tor* properties 3 to pre$ent sepsis A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q96 Holt!rol Op%t%! 4ultidose1 1 s%ould be disc!rded 4 weeks !)ter openin+ 2 ! speci!list prescription is re uired
3 A B C D :
t%e p!tient s%ould +et IH e-posure durin+ tre!t(ent 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions 97E1661 &or e!c% uestion re!d t%e p!tient re uest, Q97 A p!tient re uests ! prep!r!tion !s ! cre!( )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) c%ronic s*(pto(s o) %!e(orr%oids, A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ products is t%e (ost !ppropri!teB A B C D E @*loproct Iltr!proct 9roctosed*l :45 Anusol
Q98 A (ot%er !sks )or ! prep!r!tion )or %e!d lice, A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ !+ents could be reco((endedB A B C D E !lco%ol p%enot%rin c%lor%e-idine cetri(ide triclos!n
Q99 A p!tient re uests lo2en+es )or sore t%ro!t, A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ products is t%e (ost !ppropri!teB B B C &un+ilin Cont!c 0r!dosol
D E
8*st!n Ini)lu
Q100 A p!tient is co(pl!inin+ o) e!r clo++in+ !)ter !ir tr!$el, A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ products is t%e (ost !ppropri!teB A B A D : Ceru(ol So)r!de Otosporin #%inocort A u! Hicks Sine-
Answers
A1
&eldene cont!ins piro-ic!(' w%ic% is ! non-steroid!l !ntiin)l!((!tor* dru+ t%!t does not e-%ibit selecti$it* )or c*clo-o-*+en!se-2 in%ibition, Celebre- 5celeco-ib7' Arco-i! 5etorico-ib7' 4obic 5(elo-ic!(7 !nd 9re-i+e 5lu(ir!co-ib7 !re !ll selecti$e in%ibitors o) c*cloo-*+en!se-2, A2 0
9ul(icort cont!ins budesonide' ! corticosteroid, 0ecotide !lso cont!ins ! corticosteroid' beclo(et!sone' w%ic% is considered to be e u!ll* e))ecti$e, C!diten cont!ins ketoti)en' w%ic% is !n !nti%ist!(ine wit% !n !ction si(il!r to sodiu( cro(o+lic!te, Fnt!l cont!ins sodiu( cro(o+lic!te' w%ic% is indic!ted )or prop%*l!-is o) !st%(!' !lt%ou+% in +ener!l it is less e))ecti$e t%!n pro-p%*l!-is wit% corticosteroid in%!l!tions, Atro$ent cont!ins ipr!tropiu(' w%ic% is !n !nti(usc!rinic bronc%odil!tor t%!t c!n pro$ide s%ort-ter( relie) in c%ronic !st%(! !nd in c%ronic obstructi$e pul(on!r* dise!se, Sere$ent cont!ins s!l(eterol' w%ic% is ! lon+-!ctin+ bet!2 !+onist, A3 :
#!*n!udDs p%eno(enon is c%!r!cterised b* $!sosp!s(s o) !rterioles !nd !rteries in t%e e-tre(ities resultin+ in bl!nc%in+' c*!nosis !nd nu(bness, T%is is )ollowed b* redness !nd t%robbin+ p!in, Ft is (ostl* idiop!t%ic in ori+in
!nd second!r* c!uses include occlusi$e !rteri!l dise!se !nd tr!u(!, Ft (!* be tri++ered b* e-posure to e-tre(e cold !nd ot%er )!ctors t%!t (!* c!use $!soconstriction suc% !s s(okin+, Tre!t(ent includes ni)edipine bec!use it dil!tes coron!r* !s well !s perip%er!l !rteries, 8i)edipine is use)ul in reducin+ t%e )re uenc* !nd se$erit* o) !tt!cks, 7 5
76 Test 21 Answers
A4
3e)luno(ide is ! dise!se-(odi)*in+ !ntir%eu(!tic dru+ t%!t e-erts its t%er!peutic e))ect 4E6 weeks !)ter initi!tion o) tre!t(ent, Ft is st!rted !t 166 (+ once d!il* )or 3 d!*s !nd t%en ! (!inten!nce dose o) 16E26 (+ once d!il* is reco((ended, Ft is !$!il!ble !s t!blets !t 16 (+' 26 (+ or 166 (+ stren+t%s, T%e !cti$e (et!bolite o) le)luno(ide persists )or ! lon+ period' so w!s%out procedures !re re uired in c!se o) serious !d$erse e))ects or be)ore c%!n+in+ to !not%er dise!se-(odi)*in+ !ntir%eu(!tic dru+, A5 A
C!n!(i$ir is !n !nti$ir!l !+ent used in in)luen2! bec!use it reduces replic!-tion o) in)luen2! A !nd 0 $iruses b* in%ibitin+ t%e $ir!l en2*(e neur!(inid!se, Ft nor(!ll* reduces t%e dur!tion o) s*(pto(s b* !round 1E1,5 d!*s, C!n!(i$ir is not licensed )or prop%*l!-is o) in)luen2!, Ft is indic!ted )or t%e tre!t(ent o) in)luen2! !nd s%ould be st!rted wit%in 4" % o) t%e )irst s*(pto(s, Ft is !$!il!ble !s ! dr* powder )or in%!l!tion, A6 0
.i!betic retinop!t%* is ! (icro$!scul!r co(plic!tion o) di!betes, Opti(!l blood +lucose control in di!betic
p!tients reduces t%e lon+-ter( risks o) (icro$!scul!r d!(!+e, 3on+-st!ndin+ uncontrolled di!betes le!ds to (icro$!scul!r d!(!+e includin+ d!(!+e to t%e retin!, .i!betic retinop!t%* (!* c!use per(!nent op!cit* o) t%e $itreous %u(our !nd e$entu!ll* blindness (!* result, A7 A
4etol!2one is ! diuretic wit% !ctions !nd uses si(il!r to t%i!2ide diuretics, Ft inter)eres wit% electrol*te re!bsorption !nd is !ssoci!ted wit% pro)ound diuresis, T%e (!-i(u( d!il* dose is "6 (+, 8!trili- is ind!p!(ide,
Test 21 Answers
77
A8
9!n!dol :-tr! does not cont!in codeine, Ft cont!ins p!r!cet!(ol !nd c!))eine, S*ndol cont!ins p!r!cet!(ol' c!))eine' codeine !nd do-*l!(ine, Solp!deine 4!cont!ins codeine !nd p!r!cet!(ol, 4i+r!le$e pink t!blets cont!in p!r!-cet!(ol' codeine !nd bucli2ine' w%ere!s t%e *ellow t!blets cont!in p!r!cet!-(ol !nd codeine onl*, Ini)lu t!blets cont!in p!r!cet!(ol' c!))eine' codeine' dip%en%*dr!(ine !nd p%en*lep%rine, A9 C
St <o%nDs wort incre!ses serotoner+ic e))ects w%en +i$en wit% sertr!line' ! selecti$e serotonin re-upt!ke in%ibitor, Ft does not s%ow !n* inter!ctions wit% sulp%on*lure!s' st!tins' penicillins !nd bet!-!drenoceptor !+onists, A10 C 0!s!l cell c!rcino(! 5rodent ulcer7 (!* occur in d!(!+ed !re!s suc% !s !re!s d!(!+ed b* ultr!$iolet li+%t' sc!r tissue )ro( burns !nd $!ccin!tions, Ft !rises )ro( t%e b!s!l l!*er o) t%e epider(is, Ft r!rel* )or(s (et!st!ses, T%e present-in+ s*(pto( is ! s(!ll' )ir(' pe!rl*' r!ised nodule t%!t is co$ered b* ! t%in epider(is, So(eti(es t%e
t%in epider(is (!* rupture !nd t%e p!tient presents wit% ulcer!tion, Tre!t(ent co(prises re(o$!l !nd t%is is usu!ll* )ollowed b* %e!lin+ o) t%e !re!, A11 . 4ic!rdis cont!ins tel(is!rt!n' !n !n+iotensin-FF receptor !nt!+onist, A12 A Co2!!r cont!ins los!rt!n' !n !n+iotensin-FF receptor !nt!+onist,
7" Test 21 Answers
A13 0 .io$!n cont!ins $!ls!rt!n' !n !n+iotensin-FF receptor !nt!+onist, A14 A Tr!(!dol %!s )ewer o) t%e t*pic!l opioid side-e))ects' p!rticul!rl* less respir!-tor* depression' less constip!tion !nd ! lower potenti!l )or !ddiction, A15 . #e(i)ent!nil is ! s%ort-!ctin+ !nd potent opioid dru+' w%ic% is pre)erred )or use b* in?ection )or intr!-oper!ti$e !n!l+esi! co(p!red wit% pet%idine !nd (orp%ine bec!use it !cts wit%in 1E2 (inutes, Fts s%ort dur!tion o) !ction !llows prolon+ed !d(inistr!tion !t %i+% dos!+e wit%out !ccu(ul!tion !nd wit% little risk o) residu!l respir!tor* depression, A16 A Tr!(!dol' in !ddition to its opioid e))ect' !lso en%!nces serotoner+ic !nd !drener+ic p!t%w!*s,
A17 : .i!(orp%ine presents +ood solubilit* !llowin+ )or s(!ller $olu(es to !c%ie$e !n e ui$!lent e))ecti$e dose o) (orp%ine, T%is )!ctor is i(port!nt in p!tients w%o !re co(pro(ised !nd )eeble, A18 A Al)u2osin is !n !lp%!-blocker t%!t (!* c!use drowsiness !s ! side-e))ect,
Test 21 Answers
79
A19 : #itodrine is ! bet!2 !+onist used !s ! (*o(etri!l rel!-!nt t%!t (!* c!use %*pok!l!e(i! !s ! side-e))ect, A20 0 .inoprostone is ! prost!+l!ndin used )or induction !nd !u+(ent!tion o) l!bour, Ft (!* c!use uterine %*pertonus !nd se$ere uterine contr!ctions !s side-e))ects, A21 A .ulco-l!- t!blets cont!in bis!cod*l' ! sti(ul!nt l!-!ti$e !nd !re !d(inistered in !dults !s 5E16 (+ !t ni+%t, A22 . C!nt!c t!blets cont!in r!nitidine' !n ;2-receptor !nt!+onist t%!t c!n be !d(inistered !s 156 (+ twice d!il* or 366 (+ !t ni+%t, A23 0 9!riet t!blets cont!in r!bepr!2ole' ! proton-pu(p in%ibitor t%!t c!n be !d(inistered !s 26 (+ d!il* in t%e (ornin+,
A24 C Slow-= t!blets cont!in pot!ssiu( c%loride, T%e* !re presented !s ! (odi)ied-rele!se )or(ul!tion, T%is re uires t%e p!tient to be !d$ised to sw!llow t%e t!blet w%ole wit% )luid durin+ (e!ls w%ile sittin+ or st!ndin+ to !$oid
"6 Test 21 Answers
oesop%!+e!l or s(!ll bowel ulcer!tion c!used b* t%e t!blet beco(in+ lod+ed in t%e +!strointestin!l tr!ct, A25 A 9roctosed*l suppositories present cinc%oc!ine !nd %*drocortisone in ! )or(u-l!tion t%!t t%e (!nu)!cturer reco((ends t%!t s%ould be stored between 2 !nd "PC, A26 0 #i)!(picin c!uses colourin+ o) bod* secretions, 0ec!use o) t%is side-e))ect' ri)!(picin c!uses discolour!tion o) so)t cont!ct lenses !nd t%ere)ore p!tients s%ould be !d$ised not to we!r so)t cont!ct lenses durin+ tre!t(ent, A27 C :no cont!ins citric !cid' sodiu( bic!rbon!te !nd sodiu( c!rbon!te, A28 A >!$iscon Ad$!nce suspension includes !n !l+in!te t%!t )or(s ! Gr!)tD on t%e sur)!ce o) t%e sto(!c% contents'
w%ic% pre$ents +!stro-oesop%!+e!l re)lu- dise!se, >!$iscon Ad$!nce cont!ins sodiu( !l+in!te !nd pot!ssiu( bic!rbon!te, A29 : #ennie cont!ins c!lciu( c!rbon!te !nd (!+nesiu( c!rbon!te,
Test 21 Answers
"1
A30 0 .entino- colic drops cont!in si(eticone, T%e product is intended !s !n !nti-)o!(in+ !+ent to be used in in)!nts !+!inst +ripes' colic !nd wind p!ins, A31 0 Ad!l!t ret!rd t!blets !re !$!il!ble !s 16 (+ pink' (odi)ied-rele!se t!blets, A32 . Tenor(in t!blets !re !$!il!ble !s or!n+e' scored 166 (+ t!blets, A33 C An!)r!nil S# is !$!il!ble !s +re*-red' (odi)ied-rele!se 75 (+ t!blets, A34 A 3udio(il is !$!il!ble !s +re*is%-red 25 (+ t!blets,
A35 A A%en dispensin+ ! (edic!tion' w%et%er !ccordin+ to ! prescription or !s ! non-prescription (edicine' t%e p%!r(!cist s%ould !sk t%e p!tient i) t%ere !re !n* proble(s wit% t%e (edic!tion' suc% !s side-e))ects or proble(s wit% t%e dos!+e )or(, T%e p%!r(!cist s%ould pro$ide $erb!l !d$ice !nd written instruc-tions to ensure proper use o) t%e (edic!tion b* t%e p!tient,
"2 Test 21 Answers
A36 0 Sti))ness in t%e )ore!r( !nd nu(bness in t%e )in+ers (!* occur in conditions suc% !s tenos*no$itis !nd c!rp!l tunnel s*ndro(e, 0ot% conditions re uire re)err!l )or )urt%er !ssess(ent' support structures 5splintin+ (!* be necess!r*7 !nd so(eti(es loc!l steroids, 9!in !nd sti))ness wit% nu(bness in t%e neck !nd !r(s s%ould be di))erenti!ted )ro( s*(pto(s o) (*oc!rdi!l in)!rction, A%en t%e p!tient reports ! sust!ined in?ur*' t%e p%!r(!cist s%ould !ssess t%e e-tent o) t%e in?ur* to be !ble to (!ke !n in)or(ed decision on t%e line o) !ction to be reco((ended, A37 0 Fn ! co((unit* p%!r(!c*' t%e dispensin+ e uip(ent s%ould be stored in ! cle!n pl!ce' properl* (!int!ined !nd cle!ned !)ter use, T%e dispensin+ e uip-(ent s%ould be !ccessible to personnel w%o !re tr!ined in c!rr*in+ out t%e !cti$ities pert!inin+ to e!c% e uip(ent, A38 C 9!tient s%ould be !d$ised to drink l!r+e $olu(es o) )luid to dilute t%e b!cteri! in t%e bl!dder, S*(pto(!tic relie) o) c*stitis is !c%ie$ed b* usin+ products t%!t !lk!linise t%e
urine' n!(el* sodiu( citr!te !nd pot!ssiu( citr!te s!lts, T%ese points s%ould be e(p%!sised to t%e p!tient, F) counsellin+ ti(e is not restricted' t%e p%!r(!cist (!* !lso discuss points rel!ted to person!l %*+iene, ;owe$er t%is issue s%ould not t!ke priorit* o$er t%e ot%er points, A39 . &un+!tin+ +rowt% (!* be tre!ted b* or!l !nd topic!l !pplic!tion o) (etronid!2ole' w%ic% is !cti$e !+!inst !n!erobic !nd proto2o!l in)ections, 4etronid!2ole is !$!il!ble !s +el !s well !s or!l )or(ul!tions,
Test 21 Answers
"3
A40 : Fn !dults t%e (!-i(u( d!il* dose o) p!r!cet!(ol s%ould not e-ceed 4 +, Fnt!ke o) p!r!cet!(ol in e-cess o) t%is dose (!* c!use se$ere %ep!tocellul!r necrosis, :!rl* )e!tures o) p!r!cet!(ol o$erdose !re n!use! !nd $o(itin+ t%!t tend to settle wit%in 24 %, 3i$er d!(!+e is (!-i(!l 3E4 d!*s !)ter in+estion !nd t%is (!* le!d to encep%!lop!t%*' %!e(orr%!+e !nd pro+ress to de!t%, A41 C .ose-reduction is !d$ised )or p!tients wit% se$ere ren!l i(p!ir(ent recei$in+ !(o-icillin !nd insulin, Ait% !(o-icillin' r!s%es !re (ore co((on, Ait% insulin' re uire(ents )!ll !nd co(pens!tor* response to %*po+l*c!e(i! is i(p!ired, A42 A &ollitropin !l)! is ! reco(bin!nt %u(!n )ollicle-sti(ul!tin+ %or(one t%!t (!* be !d(inistered b* subcut!neous in?ection, Ft is used in t%e tre!t(ent o) in)ertilit* in wo(en w%o %!$e not responded to clo(i)ene, Fn)ertilit* c!used b* t%*roid disorders s%ould be ruled out be)ore its !d(inistr!tion,
A43 A 8i+%t 8urse cont!ins de-tro(et%orp%!n' p!r!cet!(ol !nd pro(et%!2ine, 4e(!ntine' !n 8-(et%*l-.-!sp!rt!te 584.A7 receptor !nt!+onist used in de(enti!' s%ould not be +i$en wit% products cont!inin+ de-tro(et%orp%!n bec!use !n incre!sed risk o) centr!l ner$ous s*ste( to-icit* results, >r!pe)ruit ?uice s%ould be !$oided in p!tients recei$in+ t!croli(us' !n i((unosuppres-s!nt' !s t%e pl!s(! concentr!tion o) t!croli(us is incre!sed, Ad(inistr!tion o) t!croli(us is !ssoci!ted wit% ! dosedependent incre!se in seru( cre!tinine !nd ure! !nd !n incidence o) neuroto-icit* !nd nep%roto-icit*, A%en copro-!(ol' w%ic% consists o) p!r!cet!(ol !nd de-tropropo-*p%ene' is
"4 Test 21 Answers
!d(inistered to p!tients recei$in+ c!rb!(!2epine' t%e e))ects o) c!rb!-(!2epine !re en%!nced, A44 A #e(ic!de consists o) in)li-i(!b' w%ic% in%ibits t%e !cti$it* o) tu(our necrosis )!ctor, Ft is used )or t%e tre!t(ent o) !cti$e r%eu(!toid !rt%ritis w%en t%e response to ot%er dise!se-(odi)*in+ !ntir%eu(!tic dru+s suc% !s (et%otre-!te is in!de u!te, Fn)li-i(!b %!s been !ssoci!ted wit% in)ections' includin+ tuberculosis, 9!tients s%ould be !d$ised to seek !d$ice )ro( t%e p%!r(!cist or t%e prescriber s%ould s*(pto(s su++esti$e o) tuberculosis' suc% !s persistent cou+%' )e$er !nd wei+%t loss' occur, A45 . H!ricell!-2oster $!ccine is ! li$e !ttenu!ted $!ccine t%!t is not reco((ended )or routine use in c%ildren, Ft is reco((ended )or indi$idu!ls wit% ! ne+!ti$e or uncert!in %istor* w%o co(e into direct cont!ct wit% p!tients, T%e dos!+e re+i(en )or !dults in$ol$es two doses !nd )or c%ildren it nor(!ll* )e!tures one dose, T%e $!ccine is !$!il!ble in one dos!+e stren+t%, A46 0
3i$er )unction s%ould be !ssessed be)ore st!rtin+ tre!t(ent wit% rosi+lit!2one !nd c!r$edilol, 3i$er d*s)unction %!s been reported wit% rosi+lit!2one, C!r$edilol s%ould be !$oided in %ep!tic i(p!ir(ent' !nd li$er )unction !ssess-(ent be)ore st!rtin+ tre!t(ent is reco((ended, Fnsulin (!* be used in p!tients wit% %ep!tic i(p!ir(ent !nd t%ere)ore li$er )unction tests !re not re uired be)ore tre!t(ent, A47 . 4ucod*ne cont!ins c!rbocisteine' w%ic% is ! (ucol*tic t%!t c!n be used in p!tients wit% %*pert%*roidis(, 0ot% Acti)ed C%est* Cou+%s !nd .!* 8urse
Test 21 Answers
"5
cont!in s*(p!t%o(i(etics !s n!s!l decon+est!nts, S*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ents !re contr!indic!ted in p!tients wit% %*pert%*roidis(, Acti)ed C%est* Cou+%s cont!ins +u!i)enesin 5e-pector!nt7' pseudoep%edrine 5n!s!l decon+est!nt7 !nd triprolidine 5!nti%ist!(ine7, .!* 8urse cont!ins p!r!cet!(ol 5!n!l+esic !nd !ntip*retic7' p%olcodine 5!ntitussi$e7 !nd pseudoep%edrine 5n!s!l decon-+est!nt7, .!* 8urse is not indic!ted w%en t%e presentin+ co(pl!int is c%est* cou+%, A48 0 3oc!biot!l cont!ins )us!)un+ine' w%ic% is !n !nti-in)ecti$e prep!r!tion, Ft is presented !s ! (etered spr!* t%!t c!n be !pplied n!s!ll* or in t%e or!l c!$it* wit% di))erent !d!ptors, Ft is used )or in)ection !nd in)l!((!tion o) upper respir!tor* tr!ct but is not reco((ended !s ! )irst-line tre!t(ent o) b!cteri!l sinusitis, A49 . A%en +e()ibro2il' ! )ibr!te' is used conco(it!ntl* wit% ! st!tin' t%ere is !n incre!sed risk o) (*op!t%*, T%is su++ests !$oid!nce o) conco(it!nt use, Ator-$!st!tin' !
st!tin' (!* incre!se pl!s(! concentr!tion o) di+o-in, ;owe$er' t%is is not ! si+ni)ic!nt inter!ction t%!t re uires !$oid!nce o) conco(it!nt use, T%ere !re no reported si+ni)ic!nt inter!ctions between st!tins !nd co-!(o-icl!$, A50 C 9ropo)ol is !n !n!est%etic t%!t is !d(inistered b* intr!$enous in?ection or intr!-$enous in)usion, Ft c!n be used )or induction o) !n!est%esi! in p!edi!tric p!tients o$er 1 (ont% old, 9ropo)ol is widel* used bec!use it is !ssoci!ted wit% r!pid reco$er* wit% (ini(!l %!n+o$er e))ects,
"6 Test 21 Answers
A51 0 9*rido-ine 5$it!(in 067 is used in pre(enstru!l s*ndro(e, .e)icienc* o) p*ri-do-ine is r!re but it (!* occur durin+ tre!t(ent wit% t%e !ntituberculous dru+' isoni!2id, A52 : ;*oscine is !n !nti(usc!rinic !+ent t%!t c!n be used )or prop%*l!-is o) (otion sickness, 0ec!use it %!s ! r!pid onset o) !ction it is !d(inistered 36 (inutes be)ore tr!$ellin+, Cinn!ri2ine is !n !nti%ist!(ine t%!t is used )or t%e prop%*l-!-is o) (otion sickness but it %!s to be !d(inistered 2 % be)ore tr!$ellin+, Cetiri2ine is ! nonsed!tin+ !nti%ist!(ine t%!t is used )or s*(pto(!tic relie) o) !ller+ies, A53 0 Aitc% %!2el cont!ins )l!$onoids !nd t!nnins, Ft %!s !strin+ent !nd !nti-in)l!(-(!tor* properties, Ft is included in op%t%!l(ic prep!r!tions, A54 A 3eptospirosis is c!used b* !n !erobic spiroc%!ete' w%ic% is ! p!r!site )ound on di))erent !ni(!ls includin+ do+s,
T%e onset is sudden !nd usu!ll* s*(pto(s include )e$er' c%ills' (*!l+i! !nd se$ere %e!d!c%e, Fn !ddition' p!tient (!* present wit% !bdo(in!l p!in' $o(itin+' p%!r*n+itis !nd non-producti$e cou+%, A55 0 Henous ulcers usu!ll* in$ol$e t%e super)ici!l $eins o) t%e lower le+, 9!tients s%ould be encour!+ed to e-ercise' use +r!du!ted co(pression %osier* or b!nd!+es !nd ele$!te t%e le+s w%en in ! sittin+ position,
Test 21 Answers
"7
A56 0 Fn Cus%in+Ds s*ndro(e' t%e !dren!l +l!nd st!rts o$erproducin+ cortisol, T%is (!* occur !s ! result o) %i+% doses o) corticosteroids suc% !s pred-nisolone' especi!ll* i) t%ese !re !d(inistered on ! lon+-ter( b!sis !s s*ste(ic !d(inistr!tion, C%!r!cteristic s*(pto(s o) Cus%in+Ds s*ndro(e include obesit* o) t%e trunk !nd neck' )!ci!l roundin+ 5(oonin+7 !nd reddenin+' (uscle we!kness !nd !trop%*' skin !trop%*' li$id stri!e' spont!neous bruisin+ !nd osteoporosis, A57 . <u$enile r%eu(!toid !rt%ritis is r%eu(!toid !rt%ritis t%!t presents be)ore 16 *e!rs o) !+e, T%e pro+nosis is poor !nd it (!* !))ect !n* ?oint, A58 0 .or2ol!(ide is ! c!rbonic !n%*dr!se in%ibitor t%!t is !d(inistered topic!ll*, Ft (!* be used !s ! sin+le-!+ent t%er!p* or !s !n !d?unct to ! topic!l bet!-blocker suc% !s ti(olol, Side-e))ects o) dor2ol!(ide include ocul!r burnin+' stin+in+ !nd itc%in+' blurred $ision' l!cri(!tion'
con?uncti$itis' e*elid in)l!(-(!tion !nd crustin+, A59 A Aerodiol cont!ins estr!diol !nd is used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) (enop!us!l s*(pto(s, Ft c!n be used wit% c*clic!l pro+esto+en in wo(en wit% int!ct uterus, Ft is presented !s ! n!s!l spr!*,
"" Test 21 Answers
A60 : F(!tinib is ! protein-t*rosine kin!se in%ibitor t%!t is used in c%ronic (*eloid leuk!e(i!, Side-e))ects include n!use!' $o(itin+' di!rr%oe!' oede(!' !b-do(in!l p!in' )!ti+ue' (*!l+i!' %e!d!c%e' r!s% !nd +*n!eco(!sti!, Ft is !d(inistered !s !n or!l prep!r!tion in t%e )or( o) t!blets, A61 0 8o i(port!nt di))erences %!$e been )ound between t%e (!?or cl!sses o) !nti-%*pertensi$e dru+s in ter(s o) e))ic!c*' side-e))ects or c%!n+es to t%e u!lit* o) li)e o) p!tients, T%e c%oice o) !n !nti%*pertensi$e )or ! speci)ic p!tient depends on t%e concurrent conditions 5indic!tions7 !nd contr!indic!tions, &or e-!(ple' t%i!2ide diuretics !re p!rticul!rl* indic!ted in t%e elderl* !nd ! contr!indic!tion )or t%eir use is +out, A62 A Cit!lopr!( is ! selecti$e serotonin re-upt!ke in%ibitor 5SS#F7, SS#Fs !re !ssoci-!ted wit% suicid!l be%!$iour !nd t%is risk is %i+%er in *oun+ !dults, &or t%is re!son SS#Fs s%ould not be used in p!tients under 1" *e!rs, A63 C
Ad(inistr!tion o) !ntidepress!nts %!s been !ssoci!ted wit% %*pon!tr!e(i!, 9!tients (!* de$elop drowsiness' con)usion or con$ulsions, A64 : S!l(eterol is ! lon+-!ctin+ bet!2 !+onist t%!t c!n be used re+ul!rl* in p!tients wit% (ild or (oder!te !st%(!, Ft c!n be used in co(bin!tion wit% cortico-steroid t%er!p*, ;owe$er' it s%ould not be used in !cute !st%(! !tt!cks,
Test 21 Answers
"9
A65 C Orp%en!drine is !n !nti(usc!rinic dru+ used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) p!rkin-sonis(, An initi!l d!il* dose o) 156 (+ in di$ided doses is reco((ended !nd t%e dose c!n be incre!sed to 466 (+ d!il*, Ft is not !ssoci!ted wit% end-o)-dose deterior!tion, A66 0 .i))erin +el cont!ins !d!p!lene' w%ic% is ! retinoid-like dru+ intended to be !pplied t%inl* once d!il* be)ore retirin+, A67 C 4e!sles is !n !cute $ir!l in)ection t%!t is tr!ns(itted b* !irborne droplet in)ec-tion, Onset is !brupt !nd is presented b* prodro(!l s*(pto(s o) )e$er' snee2in+' cou+%' n!s!l disc%!r+e' con?uncti$itis' p%otop%obi! !nd (*!l+i!, T%is st!+e' re)erred to !s t%e c!t!rr%!l st!+e' is t%e (ost in)ectious, T%e li$e (e!sles' (u(ps !nd rubell! $!ccine 544#7 is intended to eli(in!te rubell!' (e!sles !nd (u(ps, 44# $!ccine (!* be used in t%e control o) outbre!ks o) (e!sles !nd it c!n be used wit%in 3 d!*s o)
e-posure to in)ection, ;owe$er' 44# $!ccine is not suit!ble )or prop%*l!-is o) rubell! !nd (u(ps )ollowin+ e-posure bec!use t%e !ntibod* response to t%e (u(ps !nd rubell! co(ponent is too slow )or e))ecti$e prop%*l!-is, A68 . Tin2!p!rin is ! low (olecul!r wei+%t %ep!rin t%!t is !d(inistered 2 or 12 % be)ore sur+er*, A%en used )or prop%*l!-is o) deep-$ein t%ro(bosis !)ter +ener!l sur+er*' it is !d(inistered once d!il* )or 7 to 16 d!*s,
96 Test 21 Answers
A69 : T%e tr!nsder(!l p!tc%es cont!inin+ +l*cer*l trinitr!te !re c%!n+ed d!il* w%en used )or t%e prop%*l!-is o) !n+in!, T%e p!tc% s%ould be !pplied to t%e l!ter!l c%est w!ll or upper !r(, T%e p!tc% s%ould be !pplied on ! di))erent site e$er* ti(e, A70 C Al)!c!lcidol is t%e %*dro-*l!ted deri$!ti$e o) Hit!(in ., Al)!c!lcidol %!s ! s%ort dur!tion o) !ction !nd t%ere)ore proble(s !ssoci!ted wit% %*per-c!lc!e(i! due to e-cessi$e dos!+e !re s%ort l!stin+ !nd e!s* to tre!t, A71 0 3!nolin' !n%*drous wool )!t' is deri$ed )ro( t%e sebu( o) s%eep !nd %!s beco(e less popul!r bec!use o) reports o) sensitis!tion, Ft is %i+%l* w!ter-!bsorbent !nd t%is is t%e re!son w%* l!nolin is used !s !n e(ollient, A72 C Or!l re%*dr!tion s!lts 5O#S7 cont!in electrol*tes !nd +lucose, Fn di!betic p!tients' O#S !re reco((ended in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) di!rr%oe!, Ft is reco(-(ended t%!t
p!tients (onitor blood +lucose le$els w%ile recei$in+ or!l re%*-dr!tion s!lts, Fnt!ke o) O#S s%ould be !d?usted !ccordin+ to )luid loss, Fn !dults !round 266 to 466 (3 o) O#S solution s%ould be consu(ed !)ter e$er* loose (otion or 2E4 litres s%ould be consu(ed o$er 4E6 %, A73 A Toln!)t!te is !n !nti)un+!l prep!r!tion, Fn t%e
(!n!+e(ent o) !t%leteDs )oot' toln!)t!te powder (!* be reco((ended )or dustin+ into s%oes' socks !nd
Test 21 Answers
91
stockin+s bec!use it !dsorbs (oisture t%us reducin+ prop!+!tion o) t%e )un+us !nd pre$entin+ skin (!cer!tion, Ft (!* be used eit%er !s !n !d?unct to cre!(s' spr!*s or oint(ents in t%e tre!t(ent o) !n !cute p%!se or !s ! sin+le !+ent to pre$ent recurrence, A74 0 0en2*d!(ine is !n !n!l+esic t%!t is indic!ted )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) p!in)ul in)l!((!tor* conditions o) t%e orop%!r*n- suc% !s (out% ulcers, Ft is !$!il-!ble !s !n or!l rinse !nd !n or!l spr!*, A75 A 4icon!2ole is !n i(id!2ole !nti)un+!l t%!t is !$!il!ble !s !n or!l +el, T%e +el is to so(e e-tent !bsorbed )ro( t%e or!l (ucos! !nd' bec!use !ni(!l studies %!$e s%own t%!t (icon!2ole is )etoto-ic' (icon!2ole or!l +el s%ould be !$oided durin+ pre+n!nc*, A76 : 4inulet !nd Cilest !re e-!(ples o) co(bined %or(on!l contr!cepti$es, 4inulet cont!ins +estodene 5pro+esto+en7 75 J+ !nd et%in*lestr!diol 5oestro+en7 36 J+, Cilest cont!ins nor+esti(!te 256 J+ 5pro+esto+en7 !nd et%in*lestr!diol 35 J+, 0ot% products !re (onop%!sic !nd present ! st!nd!rd-stren+t% prep!r!tion o) oestro+en,
;owe$er' 4inulet !nd Cilest $!r* in t%e pro+esto+en co(ponent presented, 8or+esti(!te is structur!ll* rel!ted to le$onor+estrel' w%ic% is in turn deri$ed )ro( nortestosterone, >estodene %!s lower !ndro+enic e))ects co(p!red wit% nortestosterone deri$!ti$es, Ft %!s been !ssoci!ted wit% !n incre!sed risk o) $enous t%ro(boe(bolis(,
92 Test 21 Answers
A77 A 8or)lo-!cin is ! uinolone !ntib!cteri!l !+ent, Quinolones s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) epileps* bec!use t%e* (!* c!use con)usion' %!llucin!tions !nd con$ulsions !s side-e))ects, T%e* (!* precipit!te con$ulsions in p!tients wit% epileps* !nd in t%ose wit% no pre$ious %istor* o) con$ulsions,
A78 C 9i$(ecillin!( is t%e pi$!lo*lo-*(et%*l ester o) (ecillin!(' !n !(idinopenicil-l!nic !cid deri$!ti$e, Ft %!s si+ni)ic!nt !cti$it* !+!inst >r!(-ne+!ti$e b!cteri! includin+ Esc&eric&ia coli !nd -almonella species, ;owe$er it is not !cti$e !+!inst Pseudomonas aeruginosa or enterococci, A79 C C*b!n cont!ins bupropion' w%ic% is used wit%in ! s(okin+ cess!tion pro+r!((e, 9rice per t!blet is !bout K6,66,
A80 0 3i$er cirr%osis is c%!r!cterised b* destruction o) p!renc%*(!l cells !nd c%!n+es in t%e nor(!l structure o) t%e li$er, T%is results in i(p!ired (et!bolis( o) in+ested subst!nces' includin+ protein, T%e to-ic products resultin+ )ro( protein (et!bolis( (!* c!use %ep!tic encep%!lop!t%*' w%ic% (!* le!d to co(!,
A81 C S*(bicort is ! (etered-dose co(pound prep!r!tion t%!t presents budesonide 166 J+ 5corticosteroid7 !nd )or(oterol 4,5 J+ 5lon+-!ctin+ bet!2 !+onist7 wit% e!c% in%!l!tion,
Test 21 Answers
93
A82 : S*(bicort is presented !s dr* powder )or in%!l!tion, A83 0 T%e prescription st!tes t%!t t%e p!tient s%ould !d(inister two pu))s twice d!il*, ;o!rseness !nd or!l c!ndidi!sis (!* occur wit% in%!led corticosteroids, Occurrence (!* be reduced b* usin+ ! sp!cer !nd b* rinsin+ t%e (out% wit% w!ter !)ter in%!l!tion, 4out% rinsin+ wit% w!ter will w!s% out corticosteroid residues in t%e (out% t%!t could brin+ !bout t%e onset o) or!l c!ndidi!sis, A84 A 3on+-ter( use o) in%!led corticosteroids (!* c!use ! reduction in bone (iner!l densit* predisposin+ p!tients to osteoporosis !nd (!* incre!se t%e risk o) +l!uco(! !nd c!t!r!cts, A85 0 9e!k-)low (eters !re p!tient-)riendl*' %!nd-%eld de$ices t%!t esti(!te !ir )low )ro( t%e lun+s, T%e* !re use)ul )or
!st%(!tic
p!tients
to
detect
deterior!tion
in
t%eir
condition, 8ebulisers !re used to !d(inister %i+% doses o) ! dru+ !s !n !erosol )or in%!l!tion, #espir!tor solutions !re used wit% ! nebuliser, A86 : A!r)!rin is !$!il!ble !s 6,5 (+' 1 (+' 3 (+ !nd 5 (+ t!blets, T%e p!tient could be dispensed 45 t!blets o) 5 (+ t!blets !nd !sked to t!ke one !nd ! %!l) t!blets d!il*, T%is (et%od o) !d(inistr!tion results in t%e )ewest nu(ber o) t!blets to be t!ken b* t%e p!tient,
94 Test 21 Answers
A87 C T%e Fntern!tion!l 8or(!lised #!tio 5F8#7' w%ic% represents t%e prot%ro(bin ti(e' s%ould be (!int!ined !t 2,5 )or p!tients recei$in+ w!r)!rin )or t%e tre!t-(ent o) deep-$ein t%ro(bosis, F8# is (onitored d!il* or on !ltern!te d!*s durin+ initi!l tre!t(ent !nd t%en !t lon+er inter$!ls, A88 C T%e (!in unw!nted e))ect o) w!r)!rin is %!e(orr%!+e !nd t%e F8# le$el is c%ecked to detect p!tients w%o !re predisposed to t%is unw!nted e))ect, A%en t%e F8# le$el is ele$!ted t%is indic!tes !n incre!se in prot%ro(bin ti(e !nd t%ere)ore ! predisposition to bleedin+ !nd %!e(orr%!+e, A!r)!rin doses (!* be o(itted or stopped, Occurrence o) bleedin+ s%ould be c%ecked to be !ble to decide w%en to rest!rt dru+ tre!t(ent !nd t%e dose to be used, A89 C #isperd!l cont!ins risperidone' w%ic% is !n !t*pic!l !ntips*c%otic, Ft di))ers )ro( con$ention!l !ntips*c%otic !+ents in its p!ttern o) receptor bindin+,
A90 0 T%e p!tient %!s been prescribed 2 (+ twice d!il*, T%e 2 (+ t!blets (!* be dispensed !nd t%e p!tient is !sked to t!ke one t!blet twice d!il*, Ait%dr!w!l o) !ntips*c%otic dru+s (!* be !ssoci!ted wit% !cute wit%dr!w!l s*ndro(es or r!pid rel!pse, T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised not to stop t!kin+ (edic!tion wit%out (edic!l !d$ice, 9!tients wit% !cute !nd c%ronic ps*c%oses or (!ni! tend to present proble(s o) co(pli!nce wit% dru+ t%er!p*, Ft is i(port!nt to !d$ise t%e p!tient not to stop tre!t(ent wit%out (edic!l !d$ice, #isperidone is !ssoci!ted wit% drowsiness !nd t%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised t%!t drowsi-ness (!* occur' especi!ll* i) t%e dru+ is bein+ used )or t%e )irst ti(e,
Test 21 Answers
95
A91 0 #isperidone is used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) sc%i2op%reni! !nd (!ni!, Ft s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) epileps* bec!use it (!* decre!se t%e con$ulsion t%res%old, Alt%ou+% t%e !t*pic!l !ntips*c%otics !re !ssoci!ted wit% ! lower )re uenc* o) e-tr!p*r!(id!l s*(pto(s t%!n t%e older !ntips*c%otics' t%e* s%ould be used wit% c!ution in 9!rkinsonDs dise!se, A92 C .up%!l!c cont!ins l!ctulose !nd is !n os(otic l!-!ti$e t%!t is use)ul in consti-p!tion' producin+ !n e))ect wit%in 4" %, Ft is !lso use)ul in %ep!tic encep%!lop!t%*' w%ic% is ! neurolo+ic!l s*ndro(e occurrin+ !s ! result o) li$er dise!se, T%e condition occurs !s ! result o) t%e to-ic subst!nces suc% !s !((oni! t%!t !ccu(ul!te bec!use t%e* !re nor(!ll* (et!bolised b* t%e li$er, A93 . 3!ctulose is ! dis!cc%!ride t%!t ret!ins w!ter in t%e bowel' le!din+ to os(otic di!rr%oe! o) low )!ec!l p;, Ft discour!+es t%e proli)er!tion o) !((oni!-producin+ (icroor+!nis(s !nd t%is c%!r!cteristic is !n !d$!nt!+e in
%ep!tic encep%!lop!t%*, A94 . .up%!l!c is !$!il!ble !s ! solution re!d*-)or-use, A95 0 Holt!rol Op%t%! cont!ins diclo)en!c !nd is used durin+ !nd !)ter c!t!r!ct sur+er*, 0ein+ ! non-steroid!l !ntiin)l!((!tor* used dru+ 58SAF.7' its !nti-in)l!((!tor* properties !re use)ul in t%e post-oper!ti$e st!+e, Ft is !lso
96 Test 21 Answers
in ot%er conditions suc% !s !ccident!l tr!u(! !nd r!di!l ker!toto(* properties, A96 . 9roducts )or op%t%!l(ic use s%ould be disc!rded 4 weeks !)ter openin+ to pre$ent cont!(in!tion, Holt!rol Op%t%! is ! prescription ite( t%!t does not usu!ll* re uire speci!l prescription )ro( ! speci!list, A97 : Anusol cre!( cont!ins bis(ut% o-ide' peru b!ls!( !nd 2inc o-ide, T%ese !re !strin+ents t%!t protect t%e d!(!+ed skin !nd %elp relie$e loc!l irrit!tion !nd in)l!((!tion, Ft is ! prep!r!tion t%!t c!n be used )or (ild c!ses !nd )or lon+-ter( use w%en t%e s*(pto(s !re not !ssoci!ted wit% !n !cute p%!se o) in)l!(-(!tion, @*loproct' Iltr!proct !nd 9roctosed*l !ll cont!in ! corticosteroid co(ponent !nd t%e* !re suit!ble )or s%ortter( use durin+ !n !cute p%!se, @*loproct cont!ins !lu(iniu( !cet!te' %*drocortisone' lidoc!ine !nd 2inc o-ide, Iltr!proct cont!ins cinc%oc!ine' )luocortolone in t%e c!pro!te !nd in t%e pi$!l!te )or(, 9roctosed*l )or its !n!l+esic !nd !nti-in)l!((!tor*
cont!ins cinc%oc!ine !nd %*drocortisone, :45 is !n e(ollient t%!t cont!ins li+%t li uid p!r!))in' w%ite so)t p!r!))in !nd %*po!ller+enic %*drous wool )!t' w%ic% is intended )or s*(pto(!tic relie) o) dr* skin conditions, A98 0 9%enot%rin-like per(et%rin is ! s*nt%etic p*ret%roid t%!t is reco((ended )or %e!d lice, Ft is r!pidl* !bsorbed into t%e or+!nis(sD cuticle c!usin+ p!r!l*sis, ;owe$er' resist!nce (!* de$elop, Alco%ol is used !s ! b!se in lotions presentin+ !nti-lice products, C%lor%e-idine' triclos!n !nd cetri(ide !re !ntiseptic products,
Test 21 Answers
97
A99 C 0r!dosol lo2en+es cont!in ben2!lkoniu(' !n !ntiseptic t%!t c!n be reco(-(ended )or sore t%ro!t, &un+ilin lo2en+es !nd 8*st!n p!stilles !re used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) or!l !nd perior!l )un+!l in)ections, T%e* cont!in ! pol*ene !nti)un+!l !+ent, &un+ilin cont!ins !(p%otericin !nd 8*st!n cont!ins n*st!tin, Cont!c is ! prep!r!tion cont!inin+ pseudoep%edrine' w%ic% is !$!il!ble !s c!psules, Ini)lu is ! co(pound prep!r!tion used )or colds, Ini)lu t!blets cont!in c!))eine' codeine' dip%en%*dr!(ine' p!r!cet!(ol !nd p%en*lep%rine, A100 : :!r clo++in+ !)ter !ir tr!$el is due to eust!c%i!n c!t!rr% !nd b!rotr!u(!, T%is c!n be resol$ed b* usin+ or!l or topic!l n!s!l decon+est!nts t%!t will re(o$e block!+e in t%e postn!s!l sp!ce !nd t%e orop%!r*n- w%ere t%e entr!nce to t%e eust!c%i!n tube lies, Hicks Sine- cont!ins o-*(et!2oline' ! n!s!l decon-+est!nt, Ceru(ol is !n e!rw!- re(o$!l product, So)r!de- !nd Otosporin cont!in ! corticosteroid !nd !n !nti-in)ecti$e co(ponent intended )or e!r or op%t%!l(ic use, So)r!de- cont!ins
de-!(et%!sone 5corticosteroid7 !nd )r!(*cetin 5!ntiin)ecti$e !+ent7 w%ere!s Otosporin cont!ins %*drocortisone 5corticosteroid7' neo(*cin !nd pol*(*-in 0 5!nti-in)ecti$e !+ents7, #%inocort A u! is ! n!s!l spr!* cont!inin+ budesonide' ! corticosteroid,
Test 3
Questions
Questions 110 Directions' :!c% o) t%e uestions or inco(plete st!te(ents is )ollowed b* )i$e su++ested !nswers, Select t%e best !nswer in e!c% c!se, Q1 T%e 4edicines !nd ;e!lt%c!re 9roducts #e+ul!tor* A+enc* o) t%e Inited =in+do( !nnounced ! p%!sed wit%dr!w!l o) co-pro-!(ol bec!use1 A B C D E Q2 o) ! %i+% )!t!lit* r!te due to o$erdose it cont!ins !n un!ccept!ble !(ount o) codeine it w!s !$!il!ble !s ! non-prescription (edicine it presented (!nu)!cturin+ di))iculties it c!uses !ddiction
Arco-i! is pre)erred to st!nd!rd 8SAF.s1 A B C D E in p!tients w%o %!$e c!rdi!c )!ilure in p!tients w%o !re !t %i+% risk o) de$elopin+ +!stroduoden!l ulcer in d*s(enorr%oe! w%en onset o) p!in relie) is re uired i((edi!tel* in p!tients wit% !st%(!
Q3
9ericoronitis1
A is o)ten presented in p!edi!tric p!tients B is c!used b* dent!l c!ries C is c%!r!cterised b* bleedin+ D in se$ere dise!se (etronid!2ole is re uired : dur!tion o) tre!t(ent s%ould not e-ceed 3 d!*s 9 9
Q4 T%e (ost !ppropri!te prep!r!tion t%!t c!n be used !s !n !ltern!ti$e to 0etno$!te cre!( is1 A B C D E 0ecotide Cuti$!te .er(o$!te 3ocoid C :u(o$!te
Q5 All t%e )ollowin+ !d$erse e))ects !re !ssoci!ted wit% t%e use o) (e(!n-tine :@C:9T1 A B C D E (uscle cr!(ps di22iness %e!d!c%e tiredness !n-iet*
Q6 T%e (!-i(u( d!il* nu(ber o) t!blets o) 3!r+!ctil 25 (+ t%!t c!n be !d(inistered to !dults )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) ps*c%o(otor !+it!tion is1 A B C D E Q7 1 2 3 12 36
4es!l!2ine A s%ould be !$oided in p!tients w%o !re %*persensiti$e to s!lic*l!tes is indic!ted )or di$erticul!r dise!se
C D
is !$!il!ble onl* !s t!blets is not !ssoci!ted wit% side-e))ects rel!ted to blood disorders : is ! prodru+ o) 5!(inos!lic*lic !cid
Questions 1E16
161
Q8
An in$esti+!tion!l (edicin!l product is1 A ! product intended to induce ! speci)ic !lter!tion in t%e i((unolo+ic!l response ! product consistin+ o) ! to-in ! product prep!red )ro( %o(eop!t%ic stocks ! p%!r(!ceutic!l )or( o) !n !cti$e subst!nce bein+ tested or used in ! clinic!l tri!l ! product prep!red in ! p%!r(!c* in !ccord!nce wit% ! prescription
B C D
Q9 9erson1
Fn p%!r(!ceutic!l (!nu)!cturin+' t%e Qu!li)ied A ensures t%!t st!nd!rds o) +ood pr!ctice in (!nu)!cturin+ !re co(plied wit% est!blis%es t%e period o) $!lidit* o) t%e (!nu)!cturerDs licence (!* re$oke ! (!nu)!cturerDs licence ensures t%!t +ood !ccountin+ pr!ctices !re i(ple(ented in t%e !d(inistr!tion dep!rt(ent !d$ises t%e 3icensin+ Aut%orit* on t%e
C D
+r!ntin+ o) ! (!nu)!cturerDs licence Q10 Tet!nus $!ccine is indic!ted w%en ! wound is cont!(in!ted wit%1 A B C D E oil !cid et%!nol soil wine
Questions 1134 Directions' :!c% +roup o) uestions below consists o) )i$e lettered %e!din+s )ollowed b* ! list o) nu(bered uestions, &or e!c% nu(bered uestion' select t%e one %e!din+ t%!t is (ost closel* rel!ted to it, :!c% %e!din+ (!* be used once' (ore t%!n once or not !t !ll, Questions 11E13 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B C D E st!$udine indin!$ir riton!$ir !t!2!n!$ir !(pren!$ir
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q11 is ! prote!se in%ibitor t%!t (!* be used to boost t%e !cti$it* o) lopin!$ir Q12 s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) perip%er!l neurop!t%* Q13 is not (et!bolised b* c*toc%ro(e 9456 en2*(e s*ste(s Questions 14E17 concern t%e )ollowin+ products1
A B C D :
.!* 8urse Co$oni! 4ent%ol!ted Cou+% 4i-ture 0eec%!(s ;ot 3e(on powder Ini)lu Hicks 4edinite
Questions 11E34
163
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q14 consists o) p!r!cet!(ol !nd ! s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ent onl* Q15 (!* be reco((ended )or p!tients wit% %*pertension Q16 cont!ins p%olcodine !s !n !ntitussi$e Q17 prep!r!tion includes !scorbic !cid Questions 1"E26 concern t%e )ollowin+ products1 A B C D E Holt!rol 9re(p!k-C /!s(in Cilest .i)luc!n
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e products is presented !s1 Q18 sin+le-c!psule p!ck Q19 c!lend!r p!ck Q20 dispersible t!blets Questions 21E23 concern t%e )ollowin+ products1 3 Aredi!
B C D :
#e(ic!de 4erone( Cin!ce) Co)r!n
Select' )ro( A to E' )or w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q21 in)usion s%ould be st!rted wit%in 3 % o) reconstitution Q22 is not to be +i$en wit% in)usion )luids cont!inin+ c!lciu( Q23 in)usion s%ould be c!rried out o$er !t le!st 2 % Questions 24E26 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B C D E c!r$edilol spironol!ctone )lec!inide r!bepr!2ole (isoprostol
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e is indic!ted in1 Q24 Collin+er-:llison s*ndro(e Q25 nep%rotic s*ndro(e Q26 !rr%*t%(i!s !ssoci!ted wit% Aol))-9!rkinsonA%ite s*ndro(e Questions 27E36 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1
A B C D :
co-tri(o-!2ole ep%edrine !lco%ol !spirin c%lor!(p%enicol
Questions 35E66
165
Select' )ro( A to E' durin+ bre!st-)eedin+' w%ic% o) t%e !bo$e1 Q27 (!* reduce (ilk consu(ption Q28 (!* c!use bone-(!rrow to-icit* in t%e in)!nt Q29 results in ! risk o) kernicterus in ?!undiced in)!nts Q30 (!* c!use t%e in)!nt to present wit% disturbed sleep Questions 31E34 concern t%e use o) t%e )ollowin+ products in p!edi!tric p!tients1 A B C D E Sero uel @*2!l Ste(etil 3!r+!ctil To)r!nil
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q31 is not reco((ended )or use in c%ildren Q32 (!* be used in !utis( Q33 (!* be used )or nocturn!l enuresis Q34 (!* be used in n!use! !nd $o(itin+
Questions 3560 Directions' &or e!c% o) t%e uestions below' O8: or 4O#: o) t%e responses is 5!re7 correct, .ecide w%ic% o) t%e responses is 5!re7 correct, T%en c%oose1
A B C D E
i) 1' 2 !nd 3 !re correct i) 1 !nd 2 onl* !re correct i) 2 !nd 3 onl* !re correct i) 1 onl* is correct i) 3 onl* is correct .irections su((!rised A 1' 2' 3 0 C . 1 onl* : 3 onl*
1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl*
Q35 :-tr!s*stoles1 1 (!* be !ssoci!ted wit% r%eu(!tic %e!rt dise!se 2 (!* be !s*(pto(!tic 3 co((onl* re uire di+o-in Q36 &!ctors t%!t predispose in)!nts to ! %i+%er risk o) sudden in)!nt de!t% s*ndro(e include1 1 2 3 pre(!ture birt% electrol*te i(b!l!nce bre!st-)eedin+
Q37 Fn p!tients wit% %!e(op%ili!1 1 dried )!ctor HFFF )r!ction prep!red )ro(
2 3
%u(!n pl!s(! is indic!ted des(opressin in?ection (!* be used !s !n !d?unct dru+ !d(inistr!tion o) sertr!line re uires (onitorin+ )or occurrence o) bleedin +
Questions 35E66 167
Q38 Hitili+o1 1 (!* occur in !ssoci!tion wit% di!betes (ellitus 2 spre!ds r!pidl* to !))ect t%e entire skin 3 topic!l corticosteroids !re t%e (!inst!* o) tre!t(ent Q39 4u(ps1 1 %!s !n incub!tion period o) !bout 14 d!*s 2 is c!used b* p!r!(*-o$iruses 3 (!* be !ssoci!ted wit% encep%!litis t%!t could %!$e ! sudden onset Q40 Co(puted to(o+r!p%*1 1 is used to in$esti+!te !n* p!rt o) t%e bod* 2 in$ol$es e-posure to @-r!*s (ore t%!n !n ordin!r* @-r!* e-!(in!tion 3 c!n t!ke pictures o) t%e tissues )ro( !l(ost e$er* !n+le Q41 9leur!l biops*1 1 is used to identi)* tuberculous pleur!l e))usions 3 pneu(ot%or!- (!* be ! co(plic!tion
in$ol$es biops* o) !scites )luid
Q42 Aei+%t loss is cl!ssi)ied !s ! s*(pto( su++esti$e o) serious dise!se1 1 w%en t%is is une-pl!ined 2 bec!use it (!* be c!used b* c!rcino(! 3 !nd re uires re)err!l w%en occurrin+ wit% !bdo(in!l s*(pto (s
Q43 4edic!tion stor!+e re uire(ents in ! p%!r(!c* include1 3 te(per!ture control )or (edicines t%!t !re te(per!ture l!bile 2 sep!r!tion o) stor!+e o) (edicines )ro( nonp%!r(!ceutic!l products 3 locked c!binet )or controlled dru+s Q44 T%e c%e(ic!l structure )or tri!(cinolone includes1 1 2 3 c*clic !cetonides !t t%e 16 !nd 17 positions o) +lucocorticoids )luorin!tion t%!t en%!nces +lucocorticoid !cti$it* 6 substitution to incre!se (iner!locorticoid !cti$it*
Q45 Fbupro)en is1 1 ! re$ersible in%ibitor o) c*clo-o-*+en!se 2 !n or+!nic !cid 3 ! suppressor o) leukotriene )or(!tion Q46 9seudoep%edrine is1 1 ! stereoiso(er o) ep%edrine 2 ! C8S-sti(ul!nt 3 cont!ined in .!* 8urse
Q47 A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ products !re presented !s ! lon+-!ctin+ depot in?ectionB 1 2 3 risperidone proc%lorper!2ine ueti!pine
Questions 35E66 169
Q48 &eldene 4elt t!blets1 1 re uire reconstitution wit% pot!ble w!ter 2 !re )!st dissol$in+ t!blets 3 !re t!ken !)ter )ood Q49 Fso)lur!ne1 1 is presented !s ! li uid )or in?ection 2 c!uses potenti!tion o) !tr!curiu( 3 incre!ses risk o) !rr%*t%(i!s w%en +i$en wit% !dren!line Q50 Clinic!l si+ni)ic!nt dru+ inter!ctions wit% !tenolol could occur wit%1 1 /!s(in 2 .elt!cortril 3 Cord!rone @ Q51 9l! uenil1 1 is used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) !cti$e r%eu(!toid dise!se o) (oder!te in)l!((!tor* !cti$it* re uires re+ul!r (onitorin+ o) $isu!l !cuit* side-e))ects include pul(on!r* )ibrosis
2 3
Q52 .ru+s t%!t s%ould be !$oided in se$ere li$er dise!se include1
1 2 3
0e2!lip 8o$o8or( Septrin
Q53 Co-.io$!n1 1 includes ! speci)ic !n+iotensin-FF receptor !nt!+onist 2 includes ! t%i!2ide diuretic 3 (!* be used in di!betic nep%rop!t%* Q54 Fn di!betic neurop!t%*1 1 ibupro)en (!* relie$e (ild to (oder!te p!in 2 +!b!pentin is !n e))ecti$e !ltern!ti$e to ! tric*clic !ntidepress!nt 3 (etoclopr!(ide is licensed to tre!t neurop!t%ic p!in Q55 3e$itr!1 1 cont!ins $!rden!)il 2 onset o) !ction (!* be del!*ed w%en dru+ is !d(inistered wit% int!ke o) %i+%-)!t (e!l 3 !cts b* c!usin+ s(oot% (uscle rel!-!tion Q56 S*ndol1 1 is ! co(pound !n!l+esic prep!r!tion 2 cont!ins ! sed!tin+ !nti%ist!(ine 3 e!c% t!blet cont!ins 1 + p!r!cet!(ol
Q57 Fkorel1 1 %!s !rteri!l $!sodil!tin+ properties 2 c!nnot be used wit% ni)edipine 3 is contr!indic!ted in %*pertensi$e p!tients
Questions 61E"6 111
Q58 9l!s(! concentr!tion o) p%en*toin is incre!sed b*1 1 !(o-icillin 2 do-*c*cline 3 cl!rit%ro(*cin Q59 9!tients s%ould be !d$ised to sw!llow t!blets w%ole )or1 1 2 3 &os!(! @!tr!l @3 8!trili- S#
Q60 9roble(s wit% t%e use o) crude co!l t!r in psori!sis include1 1 %!r()ul to nor(!l skin 2 s(ell 3 cont!ct !ller+* (!* occur Questions 6180 Directions' T%e )ollowin+ uestions consist o) ! )irst st!te(ent )ollowed b* ! second st!te(ent, .ecide w%et%er t%e )irst st!te(ent is true or )!lse, .ecide w%et%er t%e second st!te(ent is true or )!lse, T%en c%oose1 A i) bot% st!te(ents !re true !nd t%e second st!te(ent is !
correct e-pl!n!tion o) t%e )irst st!te(ent B i) bot% st!te(ents !re true but t%e second st!te(ent is 8OT ! correct e-pl!n!tion o) t%e )irst st!te(ent C i) t%e )irst st!te(ent is true but t%e second st!te(ent is )!lse D i) t%e )irst st!te(ent is )!lse but t%e second st!te(ent is true : i) bot% st!te(ents !re )!lse
.irections su((!rised &irst Second st!te(ent st!te(ent A 0 C . : True True True &!lse &!lse True True &!lse True &!lse Second st!te(ent is ! correct explanation o) t%e )irst Second st!te(ent is 25( a correct explanation o) t%e )irst
Q61 Terbin!)ine is !n !ll*l!(ine deri$!ti$e, Terbin!)ine cle!rs in)ection (ore uickl* t%!n t%e i(id!2ole !nti)un+!ls, Q62 Co$ers*l s%ould not be !d(inistered wit% low-dose spironol!ctone, An incre!sed risk o) %*perk!l!e(i! (!* occur wit% conco(it!nt use, Q63 #ebound con+estion occurs (ore uickl* wit% topic!l !d(inistr!tion o) ep%edrine t%!n wit% -*lo(et!2oline, @*lo(et!2oline is ! lon+er-!ctin+ s*(p!t%o(i(etic, Q64 A dis!d$!nt!+e o) suppositories )or %!e(orr%oids is t%!t t%e !cti$e in+redients (!* b*p!ss t%e !n!l !re!s, Suppositories !re pre)erred )or t%e tre!t(ent
o) %!e(orr%oids, Q65 Autoi((une t%ro(boc*topeni! purpur! (!* be presented b* sc!ttered petec%i!e' epist!-is !nd (enorr%!+i!, 9rednisolone 1 (+Lk+ d!il* is used to !c%ie$e !n incre!se in t%e pl!telet count, Q66 4et%*lp%enid!te (!* c!use eup%ori!, 4onitorin+ o) +rowt% is not re uired wit% (et%*lp%enid!te, Q67 A corticosteroid (!* be reco((ended wit% docet!-el tre!t(ent, T%e corticosteroid is used to reduce )luid retention,
Questions 61E"6 113
Q68 9e+*l!ted liposo(!l do-orubicin is !$!il!ble )or intr!t%ec!l use, 9e+*l-!ted liposo(!l do-orubicin reduces dose-rel!ted c!rdio(*op!t%*, Q69 &urose(ide s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients recei$in+ sertindole t%er!p*, #isk o) e-tr!p*r!(id!l side-e))ects is incre!sed, Q70 4i-t!rd 36 is ! (i-ture o) porcine insulin co(ple-ed wit% prot!(ine sulp%!te in ! solution o) insulin, T%e proportion is 36M bip%!sic isop%!ne insulin !nd 76M isop%!ne insulin, Q71 Correcti$e sur+er* o) t%e c!rotid !rter* (!* be bene)ici!l in tr!nsient isc%!e(ic !tt!cks, Tr!nsient isc%!e(ic !tt!cks (!* de$elop )urt%er into stroke wit%in 1 *e!r, Q72 .ip*rid!(ole is indic!ted in tr!nsient isc%!e(ic !tt!cks, .ip*rid!(ole (!* be !d(inistered wit% !spirin, Q73 A)ter !n isc%!e(ic e$ent ! sin+le dose o) !spirin not e-ceedin+ 75 (+ s%ould be +i$en !s soon !s possible, Aspirin s%ould not be !d(inistered to p!tients recei$in+ clopidro+el, Q74 T%e use o) perindopril in p!tients t!kin+ lit%iu( is not reco((ended, Fncre!sed pl!s(! lit%iu( concentr!tion (!* occur,
Q75 :r*t%ro(*cin s%ould not be !d(inistered to p!tients recei$in+ 2!)irluk!st, 9l!s(! concentr!tions o) 2!)irluk!st (!* be reduced, Q76 .!* 8urse s%ould not be reco((ended to p!tients recei$in+ (oclo-be(ide, T%e (et!bolis( o) pseudoep%edrine is in%ibited !nd its e))ect is potenti!ted, Q77 Stilnoct is not !ssoci!ted wit% dependence, Stilnoct (!* c!use percep-tu!l disturb!nces, Q78 T%e !ddition o) $!lpro!te to l!(otri+ine (!* result in incre!sed drowsi-ness, H!lpro!te decre!ses pl!s(! concentr!tion o) l!(otri+ine,
Q79 Fn tonic-clonic sei2ures l!(otri+ine !nd sodiu( $!lpro!te !re pre)erred in p!tients w%o !re on co(bined or!l contr!cepti$es, T%e* !re %ep!tic en2*(e inducers, Q80 0re!st-)eedin+ is contr!indic!ted w%en t%e (ot%er is recei$in+ !n !nti-epileptic dru+, Anti-epileptic dru+s !re present in (ilk in si+ni)ic!ntl* %i+% !(ounts, Questions 81100 Directions' T%ese uestions in$ol$e prescriptions or p!tient re uests, #e!d t%e prescription or p!tient re uest !nd select t%e best !nswer in e!c% c!se, Questions "1E"51 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, T!$!nic 566 (+ bd )or 7 d!*s ( 14 .octorDs si+n!ture
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q81 T!$!nic1 1 cont!ins ! uinolone 2 is !cti$e !+!inst pneu(ococci 3 is ! b!ctericid!l product
Questions "1E166 115
A B C D E
1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q82 T!$!nic1 1 is indic!ted !s )irst-line tre!t(ent in unco(plic!ted lower urin!r* tr!ct in)ection onl* 256 (+ t!blets !re !$!il!ble tre!t(ent !s prescribed in t%is prescription costs o$er K36 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
2 3 A B C D 2
Q83 T%e p!tient could be !d$ised1 1 to !$oid e-cessi$e e-posure to sunli+%t 2 t%!t di22iness (!* occur 3 to t!ke dru+ be)ore (e!ls A B 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl*
C D :
2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q84 T!$!nic s%ould be !$oided in p!tients w%o !re recei$in+1 1 Holt!rol 2 >!$iscon 3 To)r!nil A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q85 A suit!ble !ltern!ti$e to T!$!nic is1 A B C D E A$elo Cipro-in Itinor &ucidin =l!ricid
Questions "6E""1 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, .!kt!rin or!l +el 5
(3 bd .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Questions "1E166
117
Q86 .!kt!rin or!l +el1 1 results in no s*ste(ic !bsorption 2 re uires stor!+e !t ! te(per!ture between 2 !nd "PC 3 is indic!ted )or tre!t(ent o) or!l c!ndidi!sis A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q87 .!kt!rin1 1 cont!ins (icon!2ole 2 is !$!il!ble !lso !s powder D is contr!indic!ted in c%ildren !+ed under 5 *e!rs A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q88 T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised1 1 to !ppl* !)ter )ood 2 to keep !ppl*in+ product )or 2 d!*s !)ter s*(pto(s !b!te 3 to !ppl* +el wit% cle!n )in+er !nd rinse (out% i((edi!tel* A 1' 2' 3
B C D :
1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions "9E961 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, .e-!#%in!spr!* .uo 1 pu)) tds .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q89 .e-!-#%in!spr!* .uo consists o)1 A B C D E de-!(et%!sone onl* de-!(et%!sone !nd !n !nti%ist!(ine de-!(et%!sone !nd !n !lp%!!drenoceptor blocker de-!(et%!sone !nd !n !lp%!!drenoceptor !+onist de-!(et%!sone !nd ! bet!-!drenoceptor blocker
Q90 .e-!-#%in!spr!* .uo1
1 2 3 A B C D :
is not indic!ted in ! c%ild o) 4 *e!rs n!s!l bleedin+ (!* occur !d(inistr!tion s%ould be stored !t 2 to "PC 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
wit%
Questions "1E166
119
Questions 91E961 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Co(i+ t!blets prn .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q91 Co(i+1 A B B D E is ! selecti$e !nt!+onist inter!cts wit% t%e dop!(iner+ic receptors c!uses $!soconstriction is e-creted l!r+el* b* t%e kidne* presents di))iculties in !bsorption
Q92 T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised1 1 to t!ke dru+ d!il* 2 not to e-ceed int!ke o) )our t!blets in ! d!* 3 t%!t drowsiness (!* occur
A B C D :
1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q93 Co(i+ is contr!indic!ted in1 1 uncontrolled %*pertension 2 %istor* o) tr!nsient isc%!e(ic !tt!cks 3 tre!t(ent o) !cute (i+r!ine !tt!cks A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q94 Co(i+ c!nnot be prescribed to p!tients w%o !re t!kin+1 1 /!s(in 2 3osec 3 St <o%nDs wort A B C D E 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q95 Co(i+ is presented1 1 !s t!blets !$!il!ble in ! (ont%l* p!ck 2 wit% ! cost per t!blet o) K6,26 3 b* Astr!Cenec! A 1' 2' 3
B C D :
1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions "1E166
121
Q96 An !ppropri!te substitute to Co(i+ is1 A B C D E 4i+ril 4i+r!le$e S!no(i+r!n F(i+r!n S*ndol
Questions 97E1661 #e!d t%e p!tient re uest, A 45-*e!r-old l!d* presents co(pl!inin+ o) %e!rtburn, S%e st!tes t%!t s%e +ets ! sore )eelin+ in %er t%ro!t !re! to+et%er wit% sto(!c% proble(s, S%e %!s been %!$in+ t%e s*(pto(s )or ! )ew d!*s durin+ t%e p!st 16 d!*s, T%ere !re no s*(pto(s su++esti$e o) serious dise!se,
&or t%e )ollowin+ products' pl!ce *our order o) pre)erence st!rtin+ wit% 4 )or t%e product t%!t s%ould be reco((ended !s )irst c%oice !nd endin+ wit% 1 )or t%e product t%!t s%ould be reco((ended !s ! l!st c%oice, Q97 >!$iscon li uid
Q98 9%illipsD 4ilk o) 4!+nesi! Q99 Sodiu( bic!rbon!te Q100 4!!lo-
Test 3
Answers
A1
Co-pro-!(ol consists o) ! co(bin!tion o) de-tropropo-*p%ene !nd p!r!cet!-(ol, Fn t%e Inited =in+do(' t%e 4edicines !nd ;e!lt%c!re 9roducts #e+ul!tor* A+enc* %!s !nnounced ! p%!sed wit%dr!w!l o) copro-!(ol bec!use o) ! %i+% )!t!lit* r!te c!used b* o$erdose, Ft w!s reported to be ! prescrip-tion product co((onl* !ssoci!ted wit% de!t%, Fn o$erdos!+e' w%ic% (!* be co(bined wit% !lco%ol consu(ption' respir!tor* depression !nd !cute %e!rt )!ilure occur bec!use o) t%e de-tropropo-*p%ene co(ponent !nd %ep!to-icit* occurs due to p!r!cet!(ol, A2 0
Arco-i! cont!ins etorico-ib' w%ic% is !n 8SAF.' speci)ic!ll* ! c*clo-o-*+en-!se-2 in%ibitor, 0ec!use o) recent reports re+!rdin+ c!rdio$!scul!r s!)et* o) t%is cl!ss o) co(pounds' etorico-ib s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) c!rdi!c )!ilure, Ft s%ould be used in pre)erence to st!nd!rd 8SAF.s in p!tients w%o !re !t ! p!rticul!rl* %i+% risk o) de$elopin+ +!stro-duoden!l ulcer!tion' per)or!tion or bleedin+' suc% !s in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) peptic ulcer!tion, Aorsenin+ o) !st%(! (!* be rel!ted to t%e use o)
8SAF.s, A3 .
9ericoronitis is !n in)ection occurrin+ in t%e so)t tissue co$erin+ i(p!cted wisdo( teet%, Ft occurs durin+ t%e eruption period o) t%ese teet%' usu!ll* in !dults between 1" !nd 25 *e!rs, Ft is c%!r!cterised b* p!in !nd swellin+, Tre!t(ent includes (etronid!2ole or !(o-icillin )or 3 d!*s or until s*(pto(s resol$e, 12 3
124 Test 31 Answers
A4
0etno$!te cre!( cont!ins t%e corticosteroid bet!(et%!sone !nd is ! potent prep!r!tion, Cuti$!te cont!ins )lutic!sone !nd is !lso ! potent corticosteroid prep!r!tion, .er(o$!te cont!ins clobet!sol' w%ic% is ! $er* potent cortico-steroid, 3ocoid C cont!ins %*drocortisone but*r!te 5! potent corticosteroid7 !nd c%lor uin!ldol 5!n !nti(icrobi!l !+ent7, :u(o$!te cont!ins clobet!sone' ! (oder!tel* potent corticosteroid, 0ecotide is ! prep!r!tion t%!t cont!ins beclo(et!sone' !not%er corticosteroid' !nd t%is is presented )or in%!l!tion !nd not )or der(!tolo+ic!l use, A5 A
4uscle cr!(ps !re not reported wit% t%e use o) (e(!ntine' w%ic% is ! 84.A-receptor !nt!+onist used to tre!t Al2%ei(erDs dise!se, .i22iness' %e!d!c%e' tiredness !nd' less co((onl*' !n-iet* (!* occur wit% (e(!ntine !d(inis-tr!tion, A6 .
3!r+!ctil is c%lorpro(!2ine' ! p%enot%i!2ine t%!t (!* be used !t ! (!-i(u( d!il* dose o) 366 (+ )or !dults in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) ps*c%o(otor !+it!tion, Twel$e t!blets
d!il* o) 3!r+!ctil 25 (+ would be necess!r* to !c%ie$e t%is dose, A7 A
4es!l!2ine 55-!(inos!lic*lic !cid7 is !n !(inos!lic*l!te indic!ted )or tre!t-(ent o) (ild-to-(oder!te ulcer!ti$e colitis !nd (!inten!nce o) re(ission, Ft is contr!indic!ted in indi$idu!ls w%o !re %*persensiti$e to s!lic*l!tes, Sidee))ects include blood disorders' n!(el* !+r!nuloc*tosis' !pl!stic !n!e(i!' leucopeni!' neutropeni! !nd t%ro(boc*topeni!, 9%!r(!ceutic!l )or(ul!tions include t!blets' ene(! !nd suppositories,
Test 31 Answers 125
A8
An in$esti+!tion!l (edicin!l product is ! p%!r(!ceutic!l )or( o) !n !cti$e subst!nce bein+ tested or used in ! clinic!l tri!l, 4!nu)!cture o) in$esti+!-tion!l (edicin!l products %!s to be undert!ken !t ! site wit% ! (!nu)!cturerDs !ut%oris!tion )or in$esti+!tion!l (edicin!l products 5F497, T%e testin+ %!s to be coordin!ted b* ! n!(ed sponsor w%o will be responsible to see t%!t re+ul!tions !re co(plied wit%, A9 A
Fn t%e p%!r(!ceutic!l industr*' t%e Qu!li)ied 9erson certi)ies t%!t e!c% b!tc% o) t%e (edicin!l products %!s been produced !ccordin+ to t%e respecti$e (!rketin+ !ut%oris!tion !nd in co(pli!nce wit% +ood (!nu)!cturin+ pr!ctice st!nd!rds, A10 . Tet!nus is c!used b* t%e (icroor+!nis( !lostridium tetani8 T%e spores o) t%is (icroor+!nis( !re )ound in soil !nd in )!eces, Tet!nus-prone wounds include wounds cont!(in!ted wit% soil !nd (!nure, A11 C
0ot% lopin!$ir !nd riton!$ir !re prote!se in%ibitors used in ;FH in)ection, #iton!$ir (!* be used wit% lopin!$ir !s ! p%!r(!cokinetic en%!ncer' t%us boostin+ t%e !cti$it* o) lopin!$ir, A12 A St!$udine is ! nucleoside re$erse tr!nscript!se in%ibitor used in ;FH in)ection, Side-e))ects o) st!$udine include perip%er!l neurop!t%* t%!t is c%!r!cterised b* persistent nu(bness' tin+lin+ or p!in in )eet !nd %!nds, Ft s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) perip%er!l neurop!t%*,
126 Test 31 Answers
A13 A St!$udine is not (et!bolised b* c*toc%ro(e 9456 en2*(e s*ste(s !nd t%e i(port!nce o) t%is c%!r!cteristic is t%!t t%e potenti!l )or dru+ inter!ctions is low, 9rote!se in%ibitors !re (et!bolised b* c*toc%ro(e 9456 en2*(e s*ste(s !nd t%ere)ore t%e* !re potenti!ll* !ssoci!ted wit% si+ni)ic!nt dru+ inter!ctions, A14 C 0eec%!(s ;ot 3e(on powder cont!ins p!r!cet!(ol 5!n!l+esic !nd !ntip*retic7 !nd p%en*lep%rine' ! s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ent t%!t !cts !s ! n!s!l decon+est!nt, A15 0 All t%e products e-cept Co$oni! 4ent%ol!ted Cou+% 4i-ture cont!in ! s*(p!-t%o(i(etic !+ent used !s ! n!s!l decon+est!nt, S*ste(ic !d(inistr!tion o) s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ents s%ould be undert!ken wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% %*pertension, Co$oni! 4ent%ol!ted Cou+% 4i-ture cont!ins li uorice' (ent%ol !nd s uill, A16 A
.!* 8urse li uid cont!ins p!r!cet!(ol 5!n!l+esic !nd !ntip*retic7' p%olco-dine 5!ntitussi$e7 !nd pseudoep%edrine 5n!s!l decon+est!nt7, A17 . T%e p!ck o) Ini)lu is presented wit% >re+o$ite C' w%ic% includes ! t!blet t%!t cont!ins $it!(in C' !scorbic !cid, Ini)lu t!blets cont!in c!))eine' codeine 5!ntitussi$e7' dip%en%*dr!(ine 5!nti%ist!(ine7' p!r!cet!(ol 5!n!l+esic !nd !ntip*retic7 !nd p%en*lep%rine 5n!s!l decon+est!nt7,
Test 31 Answers 127
A18 : .i)luc!n cont!ins )lucon!2ole' w%ic% is ! tri!2ole !nti)un+!l !+ent t%!t is used !s ! sin+le dose o) 156 (+ )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) $!+in!l c!ndidi!sis !nd c!ndid!l b!l!nitis, .i)luc!n is !$!il!ble !s ! sin+le-c!psule p!ck, A19 0 9re(p!k-C presents ! )or(ul!tion )or %or(one repl!ce(ent t%er!p* cont!in-in+ con?u+!ted oestro+ens !nd nor+estrel, Ft is intended )or wo(en wit% !n int!ct uterus !nd presents c*clic!l pro+esto+en )or t%e l!st 12 d!*s o) t%e c*cle, T%e p!tient %!s to t!ke one t!blet cont!inin+ con?u+!ted oestro+ens d!il* !nd ! t!blet cont!inin+ nor+estrel on d!*s 17 to 2" o) e!c% 2"-d!* tre!t(ent, 9re(p!k-C presents t%e two t!blets in ! c!lend!r p!ck' so t%!t t%e p!tient will be !ble to t!ke t%e nor+estrel-cont!inin+ t!blets on t%e !ppropri!te d!*s, A20 A Holt!rol cont!ins diclo)en!c 58SAF.7 !nd is !$!il!ble )or s*ste(ic use !s dispersible t!blets' t!blets' in?ections !nd suppositories,
A21 0 #e(ic!de cont!ins in)li-i(!b !nd is !$!il!ble !s powder )or reconstitution )or !d(inistr!tion !s !n intr!$enous in)usion, Once reconstituted' in)usion s%ould be st!rted wit%in 3 %, A22 A Aredi! cont!ins disodiu( p!(idron!te' ! bip%osp%on!te !$!il!ble )or intr!-$enous in)usion, Ft s%ould not be !d(inistered wit% in)usion )luids cont!inin+ c!lciu( bec!use t%is (!* inter)ere wit% !d(inistr!tion o) disodiu( p!(idron!te,
12" Test 31 Answers
A23 0 Fntr!$enous in)usion o) #e(ic!de s%ould be c!rried out o$er !t le!st 2 %, A24 . Collin+er-:llison s*ndro(e is c%!r!cterised b* incre!sed pl!s(! +!strin concentr!tion !nd %*persecretion o) +!stric !cid, #!bepr!2ole is ! proton pu(p in%ibitor t%!t is used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) t%is condition, A25 0 8ep%rotic s*ndro(e is c%!r!cterised b* incre!sed +lo(erul!r per(e!bilit* to protein resultin+ in proteinuri! !nd (!rked +ener!lised oede(!, Spironol!c-tone' ! pot!ssiu(-sp!rin+ diuretic is used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) oede(! due to nep%rotic s*ndro(e, A26 C &lec!inide is ! dru+ used )or !rr%*t%(i!s t%!t c!n be !d(inistered in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) !rr%*t%(i!s !ssoci!ted wit% Aol))-9!rkinson-A%ite s*ndro(e, A27 C
3!r+e !(ounts o) !lco%ol consu(ption durin+ bre!st)eedin+ (!* !))ect t%e in)!nt !nd result in reduced (ilk consu(ption, A28 : Ft is reco((ended to !$oid usin+ c%lor!(p%enicol durin+ bre!st-)eedin+, C%lor!(p%enicol is !n !ntib!cteri!l !+ent, Ft (!* c!use bone-(!rrow to-icit* in t%e in)!nt,
Test 31 Answers 129
A29 A Co-tri(o-!2ole presents ! (i-ture o) tri(et%opri( !nd sul)!(et%o-!2ole, A%en !d(inistered to bre!st-)eedin+ (ot%ers t%ere is ! s(!ll risk o) kernicterus in ?!undiced in)!nts, A30 0 :p%edrine is ! s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ent !nd w%en used in bre!st-)eedin+ (ot%ers' irrit!bilit* !nd disturbed sleep in t%e in)!nt %!$e been reported, A31 A Sero uel cont!ins ueti!pine' !n !t*pic!l !ntips*c%otic, Ft is not reco((ended )or use in c%ildren !nd !dolescents, A32 . 3!r+!ctil cont!ins c%lorpro(!2ine' w%ic% (!* be used in c%ild%ood sc%i2o-p%reni! !nd in !utis(, A33 :
To)r!nil cont!ins i(ipr!(ine' ! tric*clic !ntidepress!nt t%!t (!* be used )or nocturn!l enuresis in c%ildren, A34 C Ste(etil cont!ins proc%lorper!2ine' ! p%enot%i!2ine dru+ t%!t (!* be used in n!use! !nd $o(itin+ in c%ildren,
136 Test 31 Answers
A35 0 :-tr!s*stoles' !lso re)erred to !s ectopic be!ts' !re c!rdi!c contr!ctions t%!t occur !t !n e!rlier st!+e durin+ t%e c!rdi!c c*cle, :-tr!s*stoles (!* be !ssoci-!ted wit% r%eu(!tic %e!rt dise!se' isc%!e(ic %e!rt dise!se !nd !cute (*o-c!rdi!l in)!rction, :-tr!s*stoles (!* be !s*(pto(!tic, .i+o-in is now r!rel* used )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) !rr%*t%(i!s, Anti-!rr%*t%(ic dru+s !re pre)erred in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) e-tr!s*stoles, A36 0 &!ctors t%!t predispose to sudden in)!nt de!t% s*ndro(e !re still not $er* cle!r, ;owe$er' pre(!ture birt%' electrol*te i(b!l!nce !nd bottle-)eedin+ %!$e been !ssoci!ted wit% ! %i+%er risk, A37 A .ried )!ctor HFFF )r!ction prep!red )ro( %u(!n pl!s(! is used in %!e(op%ili! !s ! tre!t(ent !nd )or prop%*l!-is !+!inst %!e(orr%!+e, .es(opressin' ! posterior pituit!r* %or(one is used !s !n !d?unct to )!ctor HFFF to boost concen-tr!tions o) )!ctor HFFF, Ft is !d(inistered !s !n
in?ection, Sertr!line is ! selec-ti$e serotonin re-upt!ke in%ibitor !nd t%ese dru+s !re !ssoci!ted wit% ! risk o) bleedin+ disorders especi!ll* +!strointestin!l, A38 . Hitili+o is ! der(!tolo+ic!l condition t%!t presents wit% lesions de$oid o) pi+(ent, Ft occurs in !ssoci!tion wit% conditions suc% !s di!betes (ellitus, Ft spre!ds +r!du!ll* !nd co((onl* !))ects )!ce' neck !nd e-posed !re!s suc% !s %!nds' elbows' knees' !nkles !nd )eet, 4!n!+e(ent is b!sed on cos(etic c!(ou)l!+e prep!r!tions,
Test 31 Answers 131
A39 A 4u(ps is c!used b* t%e p!r!(*-o$iruses !nd %!s !n incub!tion period o) 14E1" d!*s, :ncep%!litis is not so co((on but w%en it occurs it could %!$e serious conse uences suc% !s con$ulsions, :ncep%!litis' w%ic% is in)l!((!tion o) t%e br!in' could %!$e ! sudden or insidious onset, A40 0 Co(puted to(o+r!p%* 5CT7 w!s ori+in!ll* de$eloped )or sc!nnin+ t%e br!in but now!d!*s it is used to in$esti+!te !n* p!rt o) t%e bod* )or intern!l in?uries !nd tu(ours, A CT sc!nner sends out se$er!l @-r!* be!(s )ro( di))erent !n+les !nd t%ere is ! +re!ter e-posure to @-r!*s t%!n wit% !n ordin!r* r!dio+r!p%, Sc!nnin+ o) t%e tissues is onl* %ori2ont!l' unlike (!+netic reson!nce i(!+in+ 54#F7' w%ic% c!n t!ke pictures o) tissues )ro( !l(ost !n* !n+le, A41 0 9leur!l biops* is ! procedure w%ere biops* o) t%e pleur! is undert!ken, 9leur!l )luid !nd pleur!l s!(ples !re
collected, Ft is c!rried out to identi)* tuberculous pleur!l e))usion' pleur!l e))usion o) unknown !etiolo+* !nd (!li+n!nt pleur!l e))usion, T%e (ost co((on co(plic!tion is pneu(ot%or!-, A42 A Aei+%t loss t%!t c!nnot be e-pl!ined b* t%e p!tient' )or re!sons suc% !s )ollow-in+ ! diet or incre!sin+ e-ercise sc%edule' s%ould !lw!*s be in$esti+!ted bec!use it is ! s*(pto( su++esti$e o) serious dise!se, A%en it occurs wit% !bdo(in!l s*(pto(s' it could indic!te underl*in+ p!t%olo+* suc% !s ! peptic ulcer, Ft could !lso be c!used b* c!rcino(! e$en i) t%ere !re no ot%er s*(pto(s,
132 Test 31 Answers
A43 A Ft s%ould be ensured t%!t p%!r(!ceutic!l products in t%e p%!r(!c* !re (!in-t!ined in +ood conditions, Te(per!ture control )or (edicines t%!t !re te(per!-ture l!bile s%ould be undert!ken, Stor!+e o) (edicines s%ould be sep!r!te )ro( non-p%!r(!ceutic!l products, &or controlled dru+s' speci!l pro$isions (!* !ppl*' suc% !s keepin+ t%e( in ! locked c!binet, A44 0 Tri!(cinolone is ! corticosteroid wit% si+ni)ic!nt +lucocorticoid e))ects' w%ic% i(plies t%!t t%e dru+ %!s +ood !nti-in)l!((!tor* !cti$it*, Co(p!red wit% %*drocortisone' w%ic% is ! n!tur!ll* occurrin+ +lucocorticoid secreted b* t%e !dren!l corte-' 4 (+ o) tri!(cinolone !c%ie$e !n !nti-in)l!((!tor* dose e ui$!lent to 26 (+ o) %*drocortisone, T%e c%!n+es in t%e c%e(ic!l structure o) tri!(cinolone t%!t con)er !n incre!sed !nti-in)l!((!tor* !cti$it* !re t%e )or(!tion o) c*clic !cetonides !t t%e 16 !nd 17 positions o) t%e +lucocorti-coid structure !nd )luorin!tion o) t%e (olecule,
Tri!(cinolone !cetonide
Test 31 Answers 133
A45 0 Fbupro)en is ! non-steroid!l !nti-in)l!((!tor* dru+ w%ic% brin+s !bout ! reduction in t%e )or(!tion o) prost!+l!ndins t%!t occur in !n in)l!((!tor* re!ction, Fbupro)en !c%ie$es t%is !ction b* re$ersibl* in%ibitin+ c*clo-o-*+en-!se en2*(es, Ft is ! propionic !cid deri$!ti$e, A46 A 9seudoep%edrine !nd ep%edrine !re s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ents t%!t sti(ul!te !lp%!!nd bet!-!drener+ic receptors in t%e s*(p!t%etic ner$ous s*ste(' c!usin+ constriction o) s(oot% (uscles !nd blood $essels !nd producin+ bronc%odil!t!tion, T%e* %!$e centr!l ner$ous s*ste( sti(ul!nt in !cti$it*, ! 9seudo-ep%edrine o) cold !nd is ! stereoiso(er o) ep%edrine !nd it is present !s ! n!s!l decon-+est!nt nu(ber cou+% prep!r!tions' suc% !s .!* 8urse, A47 . T%e t%ree products listed !re !ll e-!(ples o) !ntips*c%otics' wit% risperidone !nd ueti!pine representin+ !t*pic!l !ntips*c%otics, 3on+-!ctin+ depot in?ec-tions o) !ntips*c%otics !re p!rticul!rl* use)ul w%ere co(pli!nce wit% or!l tre!t-(ent presents ! proble( !nd
t%e p!tient is not st!ble, #isperidone is !$!il!ble !s ! depot in?ection, Queti!pine is !$!il!ble onl* !s t!blets' w%ere!s pro-c%lorper!2ine is !$!il!ble !s !n in?ection but is not ! lon+-!ctin+ depot prep!r!tion, A48 C &eldene 4elt t!blets c!n be !d(inistered b* !skin+ t%e p!tient to eit%er pl!ce t%e t!blet on t%e ton+ue' w%ere it will (elt' or to sw!llow t%e t!blet, T%e* dissol$e uickl* on t%e ton+ue' eli(in!tin+ t%e dis!d$!nt!+es o) dispersible t!blets w%ere reconstitution wit% pot!ble w!ter is necess!r*, &eldene 4elt cont!ins piro-ic!(' w%ic% is !n 8SAF.Q !s wit% !ll 8SAF.s' p!tient s%ould be !d$ised to t!ke t%e dose wit% or !)ter )ood,
134 Test 31 Answers
A49 C Fso)lur!ne is ! $ol!tile li uid !n!est%etic t%!t is !d(inistered t%rou+% c!li-br!ted $!porisers usin+ ! c!rrier +!s, Fso)lur!ne c!uses (uscle rel!-!tion !nd it potenti!tes t%e e))ects o) (uscle rel!-!nt dru+s suc% !s !tr!curiu( t%!t !re !lso so(eti(es used in +ener!l !n!est%esi!, ;e!rt r!te (!* rise durin+ iso)lur!ne !n!est%esi! !nd t%ere is !n incre!sed risk o) !rr%*t%(i!s w%en it is +i$en wit% !dren!line, A50 : Atenolol is ! bet!-!drenoceptor blockin+ dru+, Sidee))ects o) !tenolol include br!d*c!rdi!' %e!rt )!ilure !nd conduction disorders, Cord!rone @ cont!ins !(iod!rone' w%ic% is !n !nti-!rr%*t%(ic dru+, A%en !(iod!rone is !d(inis-tered to p!tients recei$in+ !tenolol t%ere is !n incre!sed risk o) br!d*c!rdi!' !trio$entricul!r block !nd (*oc!rdi!l depression, T%is inter!ction is considered to be clinic!ll* si+ni)ic!nt !nd conco(it!nt use s%ould be !$oided, /!s(in cont!ins drosperinone 5pro+esto+en7 !nd et%in*lestr!diol 5oestro+en7, Oestro+ens (!* !nt!+onise %*potensi$e e))ect o) bet!-blockers, A%en /!s(in !nd !tenolol !re used to+et%er' blood pressure reduction s%ould be (onitored, .elt!cortril cont!ins prednisolone' ! +lucocorticoid, Corticosteroids (!*
!nt!+onise t%e %*potensi$e e))ect o) bet!-blockers' %ence durin+ corticosteroid t%er!p* !n ele$!tion in blood pressure !t t%e usu!l dose o) !tenolol (!* be seen, ;owe$er' t%e inter!ctions wit% /!s(in !nd .elt!cortril !re not considered to be clinic!ll* si+ni)ic!nt, A51 0 9l! uenil cont!ins %*dro-*c%loro uine' w%ic% is !n !nti(!l!ri!l product used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) !cti$e r%eu(!toid dise!se o) (oder!te in)l!((!tor* !cti$it*, Ft suppresses t%e dise!se process, Fn lon+-ter( tre!t(ent' it is !ssoci-!ted wit% $isu!l c%!n+es !nd retin!l d!(!+e' !lt%ou+% to ! lesser e-tent t%!n c%loro uine, 0e)ore st!rtin+ tre!t(ent' b!seline $isu!l !cuit* s%ould be !ssessed, .urin+ tre!t(ent' $isu!l !cuit* s%ould be (onitored !nnu!ll* !nd
Test 31 Answers 135
t%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised to seek !d$ice i) ocul!r s*(pto(s occur, 4et%otre-!te' w%ic% is !not%er dise!se(odi)*in+ !nti-r%eu(!tic dru+' (!* present pul(on!r* )ibrosis !s ! side-e))ect, A52 A All t%e products s%ould be !$oided in se$ere li$er dise!se, 0e2!lip cont!ins be2!)ibr!te' w%ic% is ! )ibr!te used !s ! lipid-re+ul!tin+ dru+, 8o$o8or( cont!ins rep!+linide' !n !ntidi!betic dru+, Septrin cont!ins co-tri(o-!2ole' w%ic% consists o) tri(et%opri( !nd sul)!(et%o-!2ole, A53 A Co-.io$!n consists o) $!ls!rt!n' !n !n+iotensin-FF receptor !nt!+onist !nd %*droc%lorot%i!2ide 5t%i!2ide diuretic7, Fn di!betic nep%rop!t%*' !n+iotensin-con$ertin+ en2*(e 5AC:7 in%ibitors !nd !n+iotensin-FF receptor !nt!+onists !re used to (ini(ise t%e risk o) ren!l deterior!tion !nd to control blood pressure, ;*droc%lorot%i!2ide (!* be use)ul in p!tients wit% di!betic nep%rop!t%* to (!n!+e %*pertension,
A54 0 .i!betic neurop!t%* presents wit% perip%er!l neurop!t%* !nd t%e p!tient co(pl!ins o) nu(bness' (uscul!r p!in !nd we!kness, Fbupro)en (!* be used to relie$e (ild to (oder!te p!in, >!b!pentin' !n !nti-epileptic dru+' is used )or t%e tre!t(ent o) neurop!t%ic p!in' !s is !(itript*line !nd nortript*line 5tric*clic !ntidepress!nts7, Opioid !n!l+esics (!* be considered w%en ot%er dru+s %!$e )!iled, 4etoclopr!(ide is used to pro(ote +!stric tr!nsit in +!stro-p!resis,
136 Test 31 Answers
A55 A 3e$itr! cont!ins $!rden!)il' w%ic% is ! p%osp%odiester!se t*pe-5 in%ibitor indi-c!ted )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) erectile d*s)unction, Ft c!uses s(oot% (uscle rel!-!tion, 9e!k pl!s(! concentr!tions !re !c%ie$ed wit%in 36E126 (inutes !nd onset o) !ction is e-pected wit%in 25E66 (inutes, Ft %!s ! low bio-!$!il!bilit* o) !round 15M, Onset o) !ction (!* be del!*ed i) t%e dru+ is !d(inistered wit% ! %i+%-)!t (e!l bec!use t%e r!te o) !bsorption is reduced, A56 0 S*ndol is ! co(pound !n!l+esic prep!r!tion !s it cont!ins p!r!cet!(ol 5non-opioid !n!l+esic7 !nd codeine 5opioid !n!l+esic7, Ft !lso cont!ins c!))eine !nd do-*l!(ine 5!nti%ist!(ine7, .o-*l!(ine is ! sed!tin+ !nti%ist!(ine, :!c% t!blet o) S*ndol cont!ins 566 (+ p!r!cet!(ol !nd t%e dos!+e re+i(en is one to two t!blets e$er* 4E6 %, A57 . Fkorel cont!ins nicor!ndil' w%ic% is ! pot!ssiu(-c%!nnel !cti$!tor wit% ! nitr!te co(ponent, Ft produces !rteri!l !nd $enous $!sodil!tion !nd is indic!ted )or prop%*l!-is !nd tre!t(ent o) !n+in!, 8o clinic!l si+ni)ic!nt inter!ction wit% ni)edipine %!s been reported, A%en ni)edipine !nd
nicor!ndil !re used to+et%er' side-e))ects o) $!sodil!tion suc% !s %e!d!c%e !nd )lus%in+ (!* be (ore pronounced, Ise o) nicor!ndil (!* brin+ !bout ! reduction in blood pressure !s !n unw!nted e))ect !nd it is contr!indic!ted in %*potension, A58 : 4et!bolis( o) p%en*toin 5!nti-epileptic dru+7 is in%ibited b* cl!rit%ro(*cin 5(!crolide !ntib!cteri!l !+ent7 resultin+ in !n incre!sed pl!s(! concentr!tion o) p%en*toin, 9%en*toin !cceler!tes (et!bolis( o) do-*c*cline 5tetr!c*cline !ntib!cteri!l dru+7 resultin+ in ! reduced pl!s(! concentr!tion o) do-*c*cline,
Test 31 Answers 137
A59 A &os!(!- cont!ins !lendronic !cid' ! bip%osp%on!te t%!t is !ssoci!ted wit% oesop%!+e!l re!ctions suc% !s oesop%!+itis !nd oesop%!+e!l ulcers, &or t%is re!son' p!tients s%ould be !d$ised to sw!llow t!blets w%ole !nd wit% plent* o) w!ter w%ile sittin+ or st!ndin+, @!tr!l @3 !nd 8!trili- S# present slow-rele!se prep!r!tions' w%ic% s%ould be sw!llowed w%ole to (!int!in t%e slow-rele!se )or(ul!tion, @!tr!l @3 cont!ins !l)u2osin 5!n !lp%!blocker7 !nd 8!trili- S# cont!ins ind!p!(ide 5! diuretic7, A60 C T%e use o) co!l t!r in psori!sis is b!sed on its !ntiin)l!((!tor* properties, ;owe$er' its pun+ent s(ell !nd (essiness co(pro(ise its use, Ft is not %!r()ul to nor(!l skin but irrit!tion !nd cont!ct !ller+* (!* occur, A61 0 Terbin!)ine is !n !ll*l!(ine deri$!ti$e used !s !n !nti)un+!l !+ent, A%en used topic!ll*' terbin!)ine cle!rs in)ection up to )our ti(es (ore uickl* t%!n i(id!2ole !nti)un+!l !+ents, Terbin!)ine is t%e dru+ o) c%oice )or )un+!l n!il in)ections,
A62 . Co$ers*l cont!ins perindopril' !n !n+iotensin-con$ertin+ en2*(e 5AC:7 in%ibitor, Spironol!ctone is considered )or p!tients wit% se$ere %e!rt )!ilure w%o !re !lso recei$in+ AC: in%ibitors, Ait% spironol!ctone' close (onitorin+ o) seru( cre!tinine !nd pot!ssiu( is re uired, Spironol!ctone (!* induce %*perk!l!e(i!, Conco(it!nt use o) low-dose spironol!ctone !nd perindopril (!* incre!se risk o) %*perk!l!e(i!' !nd pot!ssiu( pl!s(! le$el s%ould be (onitored,
13" Test 31 Answers
A63 A A%en s*(p!t%o(i(etic dru+s !re used topic!ll* )or n!s!l decon+estion' t%e* c!use ! $!soconstrictin+ e))ect in t%e n!s!l (ucos!, F) used )or ! prolon+ed period' rebound con+estion occurs' prob!bl* bec!use o) ! co(pens!tor* $!sodil!t!tion o) t%e tissues, 3on+er-!ctin+ products suc% !s -*lo(et!2oline !re slower to produce rebound con+estion t%!n s%orter-!ctin+ products suc% !s ep%edrine, A64 C A%en suppositories !re used )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) %!e(orr%oids' t%ere is ! prob!bilit* t%!t t%e* (!* (elt in t%e rectu(' t%us b*p!ssin+ t%e !n!l !re!s, T%e !cti$e in+redients t%ere)ore do not re!c% t%e in)l!((!tion, Cre!(s !nd oint(ents !re pre)erred )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) %!e(orr%oids, A65 0 Autoi((une t%ro(boc*topeni! purpur! is ! reduced !(ount o) pl!telets in t%e blood, C%ronic dise!se (!* be presented b* sc!ttered petec%i!e' epist!-is !nd (enorr%!+i!, Corticosteroids !re co((onl* used to (!n!+e t%e condition, 9rednisolone' ! corticosteroid wit%
predo(in!ntl* +lucocorticoid !cti$it*' is used !t ! dose o) 1 (+Lk+ d!il* w%ic% is +r!du!ll* reduced !s !n incre!se in t%e pl!telet count is !c%ie$ed, A66 C 4et%*lp%enid!te is !n !(p%et!(ine-rel!ted dru+ used )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) !ttention de)icit %*per!cti$it* disorder, Side-e))ects include inso(ni!' restless-ness' irrit!bilit* !nd e-cit!bilit*' ner$ousness' ni+%t terrors !nd eup%ori!, 4et%*lp%enid!te does not +ener!ll* !))ect +rowt% !s occurs wit% t%e !(p%et-!(ines' but it is still !d$is!ble to (onitor +rowt% durin+ tre!t(ent,
Test 31 Answers 139
A67 A .ocet!-el is ! t!-!ne t%!t is used !s !n !ntineopl!stic !+ent, A c%!r!cteristic side-e))ect )or docet!-el is persistent )luid retention' usu!ll* presentin+ !s le+ oede(!' t%!t (!* be resist!nt to tre!t(ent, Corticosteroids suc% !s de-!-(et%!sone !re used to reduce )luid retention, A68 . 9e+*l!ted liposo(!l )or(ul!tions o) do-orubicin !re !$!il!ble )or intr!$enous use, .o-orubicin is ! c*toto-ic !ntibiotic used !s !n !ntineopl!stic !+ent !nd w%ic% is !ssoci!ted :-tr!$!s!tion wit% durin+ dose-rel!ted intr!$enous c!rdio(*op!t%*, !d(inistr!tion is
!ssoci!ted wit% se$ere tissue necrosis, T%e pe+*l-!ted liposo(!l )or(ul!tion o) do-orubicin (!* reduce t%e incidence o) c!rdioto-icit* !nd lower t%e potenti!l )or loc!l necrosis, A69 : &urose(ide is ! loop diuretic !nd sertindole is ! selecti$e serotonin re-upt!ke in%ibitor, T%ere is no clinic!l si+ni)ic!nt inter!ction,
A70 . 4i-t!rd 36 is ! (i-ture o) bip%!sic isop%!ne insulin o) %u(!n ori+in !nd isop%!ne insulin, T%e proportion is 36M bip%!sic isop%!ne insulin !nd 76M isop%!ne insulin, A71 A Tr!nsient isc%!e(ic !tt!cks 5TFAs7 !re !ssoci!ted wit% occlusion o) t%e c!rotid !rter* !nd present !s brie) cerebr!l disturb!nces t%!t l!st less t%!n 24 % !nd !re si(il!r to ! stroke, Correcti$e sur+er* o) t%e c!rotid !rter* to re(o$e
146 Test 31 Answers
occlusion (!* be bene)ici!l in TFAs, T%is inter$ention will li(it t%e de$elop-(ent o) TFAs into ! stroke wit%in ! *e!r, A72 0 .ip*rid!(ole (!* be used )or second!r* pre$ention o) tr!nsient isc%!e(ic !tt!cks, Ft (!* be used in co(bin!tion wit% !spirin, A73 : A)ter !n isc%!e(ic e$ent ! sin+le dose o) !spirin 5!ntipl!telet dru+7 156E366 (+ is !d(inistered !s soon !s possible, T%is dose is )ollowed b* ! (!inten!nce dose o) 75 (+ d!il*, Clopidro+el is !not%er !ntipl!telet dru+ t%!t (!* be used in co(bin!tion wit% low-dose !spirin )or !cute coron!r* s*ndro(e, Side-e))ects o) clopidro+el include bleedin+ disorders, 3on+-ter( routine conco(it!nt use o) !spirin !nd clopidro+el incre!ses t%e risk o) bleedin+, A74 A 3it%iu( is used in t%e prop%*l!-is !nd tre!t(ent o) (!ni! !nd in t%e prop%*l-!-is o) bipol!r disorder !nd recurrent depression, 9erindopril is !n !n+iotensin-con$ertin+
en2*(e 5AC:7 in%ibitor, A%en perindopril is !d(inis-tered to p!tients recei$in+ lit%iu(' t%e AC: in%ibitor reduces e-cretion o) lit%iu( resultin+ in !n incre!sed pl!s(! concentr!tion o) lit%iu(, Conco(in!nt use is not !d$is!ble, A75 . C!)irluk!st is ! leukotriene receptor !nt!+onist t%!t is used in t%e prop%*l!-is o) !st%(!, T%e !d(inistr!tion o) er*t%ro(*cin 5(!crolide !ntib!cteri!l !+ent7
Test 31 Answers 141
(!* result in ! reduced pl!s(! concentr!tion o) 2!)irluk!st, ;owe$er' t%is inter!ction is not considered to be clinic!ll* si+ni)ic!nt !nd does not w!rr!nt !$oid!nce o) conco(it!nt !d(inistr!tion, A76 A .!* 8urse cont!ins p!r!cet!(ol 5!n!l+esic !nd !ntip*retic7' p%olcodine 5!ntitussi$e7 !nd pseudoep%edrine 5s*(p!t%o(i(etics7, 4oclobe(ide is ! re$ersible (ono!(ine-o-id!se in%ibitor, A%en .!* 8urse is !d(inistered to p!tients recei$in+ (oclobe(ide' t%e (et!bolis( o) pseudoep%edrine is in%ibited !nd t%ere is ! risk o) ! %*pertensi$e crisis, A77 . Stilnoct cont!ins 2olpide(' ! non-ben2odi!2epine %*pnotic !+ent, .epen-dence %!s been reported, Sidee))ects include !(nesi!' di!rr%oe!' n!use!' $o(itin+' $erti+o' di22iness' %e!d!c%e' drowsiness' !st%eni! !nd disturb!nces o) %e!rin+' s(ell' speec% !nd $ision, A78 C 3!(otri+ine !nd $!lpro!te !re !nti-epileptic !+ents, Fn epileps*' co(bin!tion t%er!p* (!* be necess!r*,
H!lpro!te c!uses !n incre!se in pl!s(!-l!(otri+-ine concentr!tion, T%is (!* result in incre!sed side-e))ects !ssoci!ted wit% l!(otri+ine, Side-e))ects o) l!(otri+ine include r!s%es' )e$er' (!l!ise !nd drowsiness, A79 C :))ecti$eness o) co(bined or!l contr!cepti$es (!* be consider!bl* reduced i) dru+s t%!t !re %ep!tic en2*(e inducers !re concurrentl* used, 0ot% l!(o-tri+ine !nd $!lpro!te (!* be used in tonic-clonic sei2ures, T%e* !re not %ep!tic en2*(e inducers,
142 Test 31 Answers
A80 : 0re!st-)eedin+ is !ccept!ble wit% so(e !nti-epileptic dru+s' suc% !s $!lpro!te !nd c!rb!(!2epine' w%en t!ken in nor(!l doses !s t%e* !re present in bre!st (ilk in s(!ll !(ounts onl*, A81 A T!$!nic cont!ins le$o)lo-!cin' w%ic% is ! uinolone t%!t %!s !cti$it* !+!inst >r!(-positi$e !nd >r!(-ne+!ti$e or+!nis(s includin+ pneu(ococci, Quinolones !re b!ctericid!l, A82 : >uidelines indic!te eit%er tri(et%opri( or !(o-icillin or nitro)ur!ntoin or or!l cep%!losporin !s )irst-line tre!t(ent in unco(plic!ted lower urin!r* tr!ct in)ec-tion, T!$!nic is !$!il!ble !s 256 (+ !nd 566 (+ t!blets, T%e cost o) ! T!$!nic 566 (+ )i$e-t!blet p!ck is K12,93 !nd ! 16-t!blet p!ck is K25,"5, A83 0 Quinolones !re !ssoci!ted wit% p%otosensiti$it* re!ctions !nd t%ere)ore p!tient s%ould be !d$ised to !$oid
e-cessi$e e-posure to sunli+%t, Ot%er side-e))ects o) uinolones include n!use!' $o(itin+' d*spepsi!' !bdo(in!l p!in' di!r-r%oe!' %e!d!c%e !nd di22iness, 9!tient could be w!rned t%!t di22iness (!* occur !nd t%!t it is pre)er!ble to t!ke t%e dru+ !)ter (e!ls to reduce n!use!, A84 . Quinolones (!* lower t%e sei2ure t%res%old !nd t%e* s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) epileps* or conditions t%!t predispose to sei2ures, T%e risk o) con$ulsions is incre!sed i) !d(inistered uinolones !re
Test 31 Answers 143
conco(it!ntl* wit% 8SAF.s suc% !s Holt!rol 5diclo)en!c7, Absorption o) le$o)lo-!cin (!* be i(p!ired b* !nt!cids, >!$iscon 5!n !nt!cid7 s%ould be t!ken !t ! di))erent ti(e )ro( t%!t o) le$o)lo-!cin, To)r!nil cont!ins i(ipr!(ine' w%ic% is ! tric*clic !ntidepress!nt t%!t does not %!$e ! clinic!ll* si+ni)ic!nt dru+ inter!ction wit% le$o)lo-!cin, A85 A A$elo- cont!ins (o-i)lo-!cin' ! uinolone t%!t is !cti$e !+!inst >r!(-positi$e !nd >r!(-ne+!ti$e or+!nis(s' includin+ pneu(ococci, 4o-i)lo-!cin %!s ! si(il!r spectru( o) !cti$it* !s le$o)lo-!cin, Cipro-in cont!ins cipro)lo-!cin' w%ic% is ! uinolone t%!t is !cti$e !+!inst >r!(-positi$e !nd >r!(-ne+!ti$e or+!nis(s but it %!s lower !cti$it* !+!inst pneu(ococci co(p!red wit% le$o)lo-!cin, Itinor cont!ins nor)lo-!cin' w%ic% is !not%er uinolone, 8or)lo-!cin %!s lower potenc* t%!n cipro)lo-!cin, &ucidin cont!ins )usidic !cid' w%ic% is ! n!rrow-spectru( !ntib!cteri!l !+ent wit% !cti$it* !+!inst st!p%*lococci, =l!ricid cont!ins cl!rit%ro(*cin' ! (!crolide !ntib!cteri!l !+ent, A86 :
.!kt!rin or!l +el cont!ins (icon!2ole' !n !nti)un+!l !+ent' w%ic%' !lt%ou+% !pplied topic!ll*' is !bsorbed to so(e e-tent, Ft is used in t%e tre!t(ent o) or!l c!ndidi!sis !nd or!l )un+!l in)ections, A87 0 .!kt!rin prep!r!tions cont!in (icon!2ole !nd !re !$!il!ble !s cre!(' powder !nd spr!*, .!kt!rin prep!r!tions !re not contr!indic!ted in c%ildren under 5 *e!rs,
144 Test 31 Answers
A88 0 9!tient s%ould be !d$ised to !ppl* t%e .!kt!rin or!l +el !)ter )ood !nd to ret!in it in t%e (out%, As wit% )un+!l in)ections' p!tient s%ould be !d$ised to continue tre!t(ent )or 2 d!*s !)ter s*(pto(s cle!r, A89 . .e-!-#%in!spr!* 5corticosteroid7 !+onist, A90 0 .e-!-#%in!spr!* .uo is not reco((ended )or c%ildren under 5 *e!rs, Side-e))ects !ssoci!ted wit% its !d(inistr!tion include dr*ness' irrit!tion o) t%e nose !nd t%ro!t' !nd n!s!l bleedin+, A91 C Co(i+ cont!ins 2ol(itript!n' w%ic% is ! 5;T 1-!+onist used !s !n !nti-(i+r!ine dru+, Ft produces $!soconstriction o) .uo !nd cont!ins tr!(!2o-line' de-!(et%!sone w%ic% is !
s*(p!t%o(i(etic !nd !cts !s !n !lp%!-!drenoceptor
cr!ni!l !rteries, Col(itript!n is (et!bolised in t%e li$er, A92 C T%e dos!+e re+i(en )or 2ol(itript!n is one t!blet o) 2,5 (+ !s soon !s possible !)ter t%e onset o) !n !cute (i+r!ine !tt!ck !nd t%is c!n be repe!ted !)ter not less t%!n 2 %' i) s*(pto(s persist or recur, T%e (!-i(u( dose in 24 % s%ould not e-ceed 16 (+ 5)our t!blets7, One o) t%e side-e))ects !ssoci!ted wit% t%e use o) 2ol(itript!n is drowsiness,
Test 31 Answers 145
A93 0 Col(itript!n is intended )or t%e tre!t(ent o) !cute (i+r!ine !tt!cks, Contr!indi-c!tions to its use include isc%!e(ic %e!rt dise!se' pre$ious (*oc!rdi!l in)!rc-tion' coron!r* $!sosp!s(' pre$ious cerebro$!scul!r !ccident or tr!nsient isc%!e(ic !tt!cks !nd uncontrolled or se$ere %*pertension, A94 : A%en 2ol(itript!n is used wit% St <o%nDs wort' incre!sed serotoner+ic e))ects (!* occur !nd it is !d$is!ble to !$oid conco(it!nt use, /!s(in' w%ic% is ! co(bined %or(on!l contr!cepti$e' cont!ins drospirenone 5pro+esterone7 !nd et%in*lestr!diol 5oestro+en7, 3osec' w%ic% is ! proton pu(p in%ibitor' cont!ins o(epr!2ole, T%ere is no inter!ction between 2ol(itript!n !nd oestro+ens' pro+esto+ens !nd proton pu(p in%ibitors, A95 : Co(i+ is presented !s t!blets in ! si--t!blet p!ck t%!t costs K24 !nd 12-t!blet p!ck t%!t costs K4", Cost per
t!blet is K4, Ft is (!rketed b* Astr!Cenec!, A96 . F(i+r!n cont!ins su(!tript!n' w%ic% is !not%er 5;T1!+onist, 4i+ril !nd S!no(i+r!n !re two ot%er !nti(i+r!ine dru+s t%!t cont!in !n !cti$e in+redi-ent t%!t is not ! 5;T1-!+onist, 4i+ril cont!ins er+ot!(ine, S!no(i+r!n cont!ins pi2oti)en' w%ic% is !n !nti%ist!(ine !nd serotonin !nt!+onist, S*ndol !nd 4i+r!le$e !re co(pound !n!l+esics, S*ndol cont!ins p!r!cet!(ol' c!))eine' codeine !nd do-*l!(ine' w%ere!s 4i+r!le$e cont!ins p!r!cet!(ol' codeine !nd bucli2ine in t%e pink t!blets,
146 Test 31 Answers
A97100 >!$iscon li uid cont!ins sodiu( !l+in!te' sodiu( bic!rbon!te !nd c!lciu( c!rbon!te, 9%illipsD 4ilk o) 4!+nesi! cont!ins (!+nesiu( %*dro-ide !nd 4!!locont!ins (!+nesiu( %*dro-ide !nd !lu(iniu( %*dro-ide, T%e s*(pto(s presented b* t%e p!tient !re su++esti$e o) +!stro-oesop%!+e!l re)lu- dise!se' %ence !n !l+in!tecont!inin+ product suc% !s >!$iscon li uid is reco((ended !s )irst c%oice, 4!!lo- presents ! co(bin!tion o) (!+nesiu( !nd !lu(iniu( s!lts t%ereb* reducin+ colonic side-e))ects !ssoci!ted wit% (!+nesiu( !nd !lu(iniu( w%en used !s sin+le !+ents, 9%illipsD 4ilk o) 4!+nesi! tends to c!use di!rr%oe! !s ! side-e))ect, Sodiu( bic!rbon!te is not reco((ended )or use !s ! sin+le-!+ent )or t%e relie) o) d*spepsi!, A97 4 A98 2 A99 1
A100 3
Section 2 Closed-book uestions
Test 4
Questions
Questions 115 Directions' :!c% o) t%e uestions or inco(plete st!te(ents is )ollowed b* )i$e su++ested !nswers, Select t%e best !nswer in e!c% c!se, Q1 A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ is t%e (ost !ppropri!te )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) !ller+ic r%initisB A B C D E Q2 pseudoep%edrine pro(et%!2ine o-*(et!2oline dip%en%*dr!(ine le$ocetiri2ine
Ad$ice t%!t could be pro$ided to ! p!tient w%o w!nts to incre!se !ppetite includes !ll o) t%e )ollowin+ :@C:9T1 A B C D : $!r* )ood selections $!r* te-ture o) )ood !t (e!ls +!rnis% (e!l wit% %erbs do not consu(e !lco%ol e!t )re uent s(!ll (e!ls
14 9
Q3
A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ (!* be reco((ended )or use in ! 3-(ont%-old b!b* wit% c%ronic constip!tionB A B C D E +l*cerol suppositories bis!cod*l isp!+%ul! %usk sodiu( picosul)!te senn!
Q4
A dru+ t%!t is !n !nt!+onist is1 A B C D E $!ls!rt!n lisinopril (orp%ine si($!st!tin insulin
Q5 &!ctors t%!t !))ect dru+ !bsorption include !ll :@C:9T1 D B C D E Q6 dru+ %!l)-li)e +!stric (otilit* blood )low )ood int!ke p; !t !bsorption site
A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ is !n e-!(ple o) ! prodru+B A B i(ipr!(ine p!r!cet!(ol
C D :
codeine diclo)en!c p!ro-etine
Questions 1E15 151
Q7
9%!r(!coepide(iolo+*1 A is t%e stud* o) t%e use !nd e))ects o) dru+s in ! l!r+e nu(ber o) people concerns !d$erse re!ctions rel!tes to dru+ eli(in!tion )ro( t%e bod* is t%e !n!l*sis o) dru+ disposition )!ctors rel!tes to dru+ w!st!+e
B C D E Q8
A p!tient is prescribed prednisolone 16 (+ d!il* )or 16 d!*s, 9red-nisolone is !$!il!ble !s 5 (+ enteric co!ted t!blets, ;ow (!n* t!blets o) .elt!cortril %!$e to be dispensedB A B C D E 16 16 32 166 166
Q9
.o-orubicin is !$!il!ble !s 25 (3 $i!ls !t ! concentr!tion o) 2 (+L(3, T%e dose re uired is 266 (+, ;ow (!n* $i!ls !re re uiredB A B 2 4
C D A
" 16 12
Q10 0etno$!te 36 + cre!( cont!ins 6,1M bet!(et%!sone, ;ow (!n* +r!(s o) bet!(et%!sone !re used to prep!re t%e cre!(1 A B C D E 6,1 + 6,61 + 6,63 + 1+ 3+
Q11 Ti(olol 6,25M e*e drops is e ui$!lent to %ow (!n* (+ o) ti(ololL(31 A B C 1 E 6,6625 (+ 6,625 (+ 6,25 (+ 2,5 (+ 25 (+
Q12 Fnsulin s*rin+es1 A B C D E !re c!libr!ted in (3 !re c!libr!ted in units ! l!r+e +!u+e needle is re uired (!-i(u( $olu(e is 5 (3 needle len+t% is 16 c(
Q13 A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ 8SAF.s c!uses ! lower risk o) +!strointestin!l side-e))ectsB A (e)en!(ic !cid
B C D :
indo(et!cin piro-ic!( n!pro-en celeco-ib
Questions 16E35 153
Q14 &lucon!2ole is ! 5!n71 A B C D E pol*(*-in !ntib!cteri!l prote!se in%ibitor !nti$ir!l tri!2ole !nti)un+!l i(id!2ole !nti)un+!l pol*ene !nti)un+!l
Q15 Fso)lur!ne is ! 5!n71 3 B C D E !nti(usc!rinic !n!est%etic (uscle rel!-!nt !ntic%olinester!se ben2odi!2epine !nt!+onist
Questions 1635 Directions' :!c% +roup o) uestions below consists o) )i$e lettered %e!din+s )ollowed b* ! list o) nu(bered uestions, &or e!c% nu(bered uestion select t%e one %e!din+ t%!t is (ost closel* rel!ted to it, :!c% %e!din+ (!* be used once' (ore t%!n once or not !t !ll, Questions 16E26 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1
A B C D :
(etronid!2ole nitro)ur!ntoin c%lor!(p%enicol do-*c*cline cipro)lo-!cin
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q16 re uires (onitorin+ o) blood count Q17 %!s %i+% !cti$it* !+!inst !n!erobic b!cteri! Q18 its use !s ! s*ste(ic !+ent is reser$ed )or li)et%re!tenin+ in)ections Q19 is (!inl* !cti$e !+!inst >r!(-positi$e !nd Esc&eric&ia coli Q20 int!ke o) !lco%ol s%ould be !$oided durin+ dru+ t%er!p* Questions 21E23 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B C D E s!lbut!(ol codeine c!rbocisteine -*lo(et!2oline )lutic!sone
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e is used )or1 Q21 n!s!l con+estion Q22 dr* cou+% Q23 !ller+ic r%initis Questions 24E27 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1
A B C D :
diclo)en!c pseudoep%edrine isp!+%ul! %usk loper!(ide codeine
Questions 16E35 155
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e s%ould be used wit% c!ution or is contr!-indic!ted in1 Q24 peptic ulcer!tion Q25 !cti$e ulcer!ti$e colitis Q26 +l!uco(! Q27 di!betes Questions 2"E31 concern t%e )ollowin+1 A B C D E t%*ro+lobulin !r!c%idonic !cid corticotrop%in-rele!sin+ )!ctor t%ro(bo-!ne prost!c*clin
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q28 is (et!bolised b* c*clo-o-*+en!se to produce prost!+l!ndins Q29 sti(ul!tes t%e rele!se o) !drenocorticotrop%ic %or(one Q30 under+oes iodin!tion in t%e s*nt%esis o) t%*roid %or(ones Q31 is (et!bolised b* p%osp%olip!se A2
Questions 32E35 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B C D : co-pro-!(ol co-p%enotrope co-cod!(ol co-tri(o-!2ole co-c!reldop!
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q32 is indic!ted )or p!rkinsonis( Q33 (!* be used !s !n !d?unct to re%*dr!tion s!lts in di!rr%oe! Q34 is (!rketed !s Septrin Q35 co(prises !n e-tr!cerebr!l dop!-dec!rbo-*l!se in%ibitor Questions 3660 Directions' &or e!c% o) t%e uestions below' O8: or 4O#: o) t%e responses is 5!re7 correct, .ecide w%ic% o) t%e responses is 5!re7 correct, T%en c%oose A B C D E i) 1' 2 !nd 3 !re correct i) 1 !nd 2 onl* !re correct i) 2 !nd 3 onl* !re correct i) 1 onl* is correct i) 3 onl* is correct .irections su((!rised A 1' 2' 3 0 C . 1 onl* : 3 onl*
1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl*
Q36 .ilti!2e(1 1 2 is ! c!lciu(-c%!nnel blocker %!s perip%er!l !nd coron!r* $!sodil!tor properties 3 %!s ! positi$e inotropic e))ect
Questions 36E66 157
Q37 #isk )!ctors )or %*potension include1 1 2 3 de%*dr!tion sedent!r* li)est*le %i+%-)!t diet
Q38 #isks o) electrol*te i(b!l!nce incre!se in1 1 2 3 older persons !scites $o(itin+
Q39 :n!l!pril1 1 2 3 is !n !n+iotensin-con$ertin+ en2*(e in%ibitor (!* %!$e to be wit%dr!wn bec!use o) t%e de$elop(ent o) ! persistent cou+% (!* c!use %*pok!l!e(i!
Q40 .ru+s t%!t (!* c!use !lopeci! include1 1 2 3 si($!st!tin bleo(*cin cispl!tin
Q41 ;*perprol!ctin!e(i!1 1 is !n e-cessi$e prol!ctin rele!se )ro( t%e
pituit!r* 2 (!* c!use in)ertilit* 3 (!* be dru+induced
Q42 Antibiotic prop%*l!-is to pre$ent endoc!rditis is re uired be)ore ! dent!l inter$ention in1 1 2 3 p!tients wit% prost%etic c!rdi!c $!l$es !st%(!tics di!betic p!tients
Q43 9!r!s*(p!t%o(i(etics1 1 2 3 (!* c!use blurred $ision s%ould be used wit% c!ution in !st%(! !ct !s (iotics
Q44 8itr!2ep!(1 1 2 3 is less likel* to c!use ! %!n+o$er e))ect t%!n lor!2ep!( wit%dr!w!l s*ndro(e (!* de$elop wit%in ! )ew %ours o) stoppin+ lon+-ter( t%er!p* is used )or inso(ni!
Q45 4*!st%eni! +r!$is1 1 2 3 %!s skelet!l (uscle c%!r!cteristic s*(pto( occurs in elderl* p!tients is tre!ted wit% !tenolol we!kness !s !
Q46 ;*pro(ellose1 1 2 3 is used in te!r de)icienc* %!s !ntib!cteri!l properties s%ould be !pplied two ti(es d!il*
Questions 36E66 159
Q47 0!rrier cre!(s1 1 2 3 protect t%e skin )ro( beco(in+ (!cer!ted consist o) silicones !nd 2inc (!* be used to protect !+!inst n!pkin der(!titis
Q48 ;*pot%*roidis(1 1 2 3 onset is insidious in t%e elderl* re uires li)e-lon+ repl!ce(ent o) t%*ro-ine r!dio!cti$e iodine is used
Q49 Fn di!betic p!tients1 1 ! r!ndo( blood +lucose le$el o) 26 ((olL3 indic!tes t%!t t%e condition is not bein+ (!n!+ed properl* low c!lorie int!ke is pre)erred s(okin+ cess!tion !d$ice s%ould be pro$ided
2 3
Q50 4et)or(in1 1 is used in p!tients w%o %!$e )!iled to control blood +lucose le$els on diet is used in o$erwei+%t p!tients bec!use it does not c!use wei+%t +!in
is less likel* to c!use clinic!l %*po+l*c!e(i! t%!n sulp%on*lure!s
Q51 Hiscer!l p!in1 1 2 3 (!* occur in t%e !bdo(in!l $iscer! is poorl* loc!lised !n e-!(ple is (i+r!ine
Q52 Co((on c!uses o) n!use! !nd $o(itin+ include1 1 2 3 l!b*rint%itis peptic ulcer in)ection
Q53 Antiseptics include1 1 2 3 sodiu( c%loride cetri(ide po$idone-iodine
Q54 Constituents o) e(ollient b!t% !dditi$es include1 1 2 3 li uid p!r!))in crot!(iton c!l!(ine
Q55 Teet%in+ +els cont!in 5!n71 1 2 3 !n!est%etic !ntiseptic !cet*ls!lic*clic !cid
Q56 4odi)ied-rele!se or!l prep!r!tions o) iron !re1 1 2 3 intended to rele!se iron +r!du!ll* !d(inistered once d!il* !ssoci!ted wit% ! %i+% )re uenc* +!strointestin!l sidee))ects
o)
Q57 8on-p%!r(!colo+ic!l (e!sures to control !ller+ic r%initis include1
1 2 3
w!s%in+ pets weekl* $!cuu(in+ t%e %ouse re+ul!rl* usin+ c!rpets in !ll t%e %ouse
Questions 61E"6 161
Q58 9ositi$e risk )!ctors )or %*perlipid!e(i! include1 1 2 3 %*pertension di!betes ! %i+% ;.3 le$el
Q59 Fsosorbide (!* c!use1 1 2 3 di22iness %e!d!c%es postur!l %*potension
Q60 4!+nesiu( %*dro-ide1 1 2 3 !cts !s !n !nt!cid !s well !s ! l!-!ti$e li uid )or(ul!tion s%ould be s%!ken be)ore use s%ould not be used wit% ! %i+%-)ibre diet
Questions 6180 Directions' T%e )ollowin+ uestions consist o) ! )irst st!te(ent )ollowed b* ! second st!te(ent in t%e ri+%t-%!nd colu(n, .ecide w%et%er t%e )irst st!te(ent is true or )!lse, .ecide w%et%er t%e second st!te(ent is true or )!lse, T%en c%oose1 A i) bot% st!te(ents !re true !nd t%e second st!te(ent is !
correct e-pl!n!tion o) t%e )irst st!te(ent B i) bot% st!te(ents !re true but t%e second st!te(ent is 8OT ! correct e-pl!n!tion o) t%e )irst st!te(ent C i) t%e )irst st!te(ent is true but t%e second st!te(ent is )!lse D i) t%e )irst st!te(ent is )!lse but t%e second st!te(ent is true : i) bot% st!te(ents !re )!lse
Q61 Cl!rit%ro(*cin is ! (!crolide !ntib!cteri!l dru+, Side-e))ects include n!use!' d*spepsi! !nd loose stools, Q62 .oses o) +!b!pentin s%ould be t!ken !t e$enl* sp!ced ti(es t%rou+%-out t%e d!*, >!b!pentin is used to control sei2ures, Q63 A%en !ppl*in+ e!r drops )or e!r w!- re(o$!l keep t%e e!r tilted )or ! )ew (inutes !)ter !pplic!tion, Ise ! cotton bud to re(o$e e!r w!-,
Q64 :lderl* p!tients !re !t risk o) de$elopin+ dru+induced oesop%!+itis, :lderl* p!tients present ! del!* in oesop%!+e!l tr!nsit ti(e o) (edi-c!tions, Q65 A(iloride is +i$en in co(bin!tion wit% ! t%i!2ide diuretic, A(iloride is ! we!k diuretic t%!t c!uses pot!ssiu( retention, Q66 Ste!( in%!l!tion is +ood e-pector!nt t%er!p*, Ste!( in%!l!tion is not use)ul )or n!s!l con+estion, Q67 4etoclopr!(ide is ! )irst-line tre!t(ent )or $o(itin+ durin+ pre+n!nc*, 4etoclopr!(ide is not !ssoci!ted wit% e-tr!p*r!(id!l e))ects,
Questions 61E"6 163
Q68 9sori!sis is c%!r!cterised b* epider(!l t%ickenin+ !nd sc!lin+, :(ol-lients !re widel* used in psori!sis, Q69 F(ipr!(ine is ! tric*clic !ntidepress!nt, F(ipr!(ine %!s (!rked !nti(usc!rinic !nd c!rdi!c side-e))ects, Q70 0uspirone is used !s ! %*pnotic, 0uspirone !cts !t serotonin receptors, Q71 3ow-(olecul!r-wei+%t %ep!rins !re onl* !$!il!ble !s subcut!neous in?ection, 3ow-(olecul!r-wei+%t %ep!rins %!$e ! s%orter dur!tion o) !ction t%!n %ep!rin, Q72 9!tients recei$in+ w!r)!rin s%ould not be
!d(inistered w!r)!rin,
co-tri(o-!2ole,
Conco(in!nt
!d(inistr!tion results in !n en%!nced e))ect o)
Q73 Arti)ici!l s!li$! s%ould not cont!in electrol*tes, Arti)ici!l s!li$! s%ould be o) neutr!l p;, Q74 Corticosteroids s%ould be used wit% c!ution in c%ildren, Corticosteroids (!* c!use +rowt% ret!rd!tion, Q75 Aciclo$ir c!n be used )or t%e prop%*l!-is o) cold
sores, Cold sores !re c!used b* t%e %erpes $irus, Q76 C!l!(ine lotion is used !s )irst-line tre!t(ent o) insect bites, C!l!(ine lotion is used !+!inst pruritus, Q77 &lu$!st!tin s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) li$er dise!se, &lu$!st!tin is ! )ibr!te used !s ! lipid-re+ul!tin+ dru+, Q78 Side-e))ects !ssoci!ted wit% !tenolol include t!c%*c!rdi!, Atenolol is ! s*(p!t%ol*tic !+ent, Q79 T%e di))erence in !nti-in)l!((!tor* !cti$it* between di))erent 8SAF.s is s(!ll, H!ri!tion in indi$idu!l p!tient toler!nce !nd response to 8SAF.s e-ists,
Q80 An!l )issure is ! te!r in t%e (ucos! o) t%e lower !n!l c!n!l, Ft could be !ssoci!ted wit% %!e(orr%oids, Questions 8185 T%ese uestions concern t%e )ollowin+ structure1
Q81 T%e structure represents A B C D E tric*clic !ntidepress!nts p%enot%i!2ines t%io-!nt%enes but*rop%enones diben2odi!2epines
Q82 T%is cl!ss o) dru+s1 A B !cts on t%e dop!(ine receptors o) t%e br!in (!* c!use dependence
C D :
(!* be i(plic!ted in )ood inter!ctions %!s ! n!rrow t%er!peutic inde (!* c!use #e*eDs s*ndro(e
Questions "1E"5
165
Q83 An indic!tion )or use is1 A B C D E ps*c%oses epileps* 9!rkinsonDs dise!se p!nic disorder obesit*
Q84 Ad$erse re!ctions to be e-pected include1 1 2 3 A B C D E !k!t%isi! drowsiness dr* (out% 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q85 :-!(ples o) t%is cl!ss o) dru+s include1 1 2 3 A B C D !(itript*line c%lorpro(!2ine proc%lorper!2ine 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl*
3 onl*
Questions 86100 Directions' T%ese uestions in$ol$e prescriptions or p!tient re uests, #e!d t%e prescription or p!tient re uest !nd !nswer t%e uestions, Questions "6E"71 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 9roctosed*l oint(ent bd ( 1 tube
.octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q86 9roctosed*l oint(ent is used1 1 2 3 A B !s !n !ntib!cteri!l )or !n !nti-in)l!((!tor* e))ect )or !n !n!l+esic e))ect 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl*
C D B
2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q87 T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised1 1 2 3 to !ppl* oint(ent (ornin+ !nd e$enin+ to incre!se )luid int!ke to keep !ppl*in+ 9roctosed*l re+ul!rl*
Questions "6E166
167
A B C D E
1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions ""E921 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 9!ro-etine 1 d!il* ( 2" .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q88 9!ro-etine could be used )or1 1 2 3 A B depression p!nic disorder ps*c%oses 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl*
C D :
2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q89 9!ro-etine is !$!il!ble !s1 A B C D E c!psules 5 (+ c!psules 16 (+ c!psules 26 (+ t!blets 26 (+ t!blets 166 (+
Q90 T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised1 1 B 3 A B C D E to t!ke (edic!tion wit% )ood t%!t (edicine (!* t!ke ! )ew weeks be)ore bene)its !re e-perienced to c%eck t%eir suppl* be)ore +oin+ on %olid!* 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q91 Co((on side-e))ects t%!t could occur include1 1 2 3 A B C !bdo(in!l p!in urin!r* retention !rr%*t%(i!s 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl*
D :
1 onl* 3 onl*
Q92 Si+ni)ic!nt inter!ctions could occur i) p!ro-etine is !d(inistered concur-rentl* wit%1 1 2 3 A B C D E w!r)!rin pro(et%!2ine co-!(o-icl!$ 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions 93E971 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3e$oc!b!stine n!s!l spr!* 2 spr!*s bd ( 1 .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q93 3e$oc!b!stine is ! 5!n71 A B C D : corticosteroid !nti%ist!(ine !strin+ent decon+est!nt !nti)un+!l
Q94 3e$oc!b!stine %!s t%e )ollowin+ properties1 1 2 3 A B C D E !nti-in)l!((!tor* !nti-in)ecti$e s*(p!t%o(i(etic 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q95 3e$oc!b!stine is used in1 1 2 3 A B C D E !ller+ic r%initis n!s!l pol*ps n!s!l con+estion 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q96 3e$oc!b!stine1 1 2 3 is !lso !$!il!ble !s e*e drops is less e))ecti$e t%!n budesonide is less e))ecti$e t%!n cro(o+lic!te
A B C D :
1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q97 T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised1 1 2 3 2 B C D E to !ppl* two pu))s into e!c% nostril twice d!il* t%!t le$oc!b!stine will +i$e s*(pto(!tic relie) o) r%inorr%oe! t%!t sed!tion occurs co((onl* 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions 9"E1661 &or e!c% uestion re!d t%e p!tient re uest !nd !nswer t%e uestion, Q98 A 46-*e!r-old p!tient !sks )or ! product to use !s ! prop%*l!-is )or osteoporosis, A%ic% co(ponent s%ould be consideredB A B C D E $it!(in C c!lciu( $it!(in A )olic !cid iron
Q99 Constituents o) ! )irst-!id spr!* include1 1 2 3 !n!est%etic !ntiseptic corticosteroid
A B C D :
1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q100 Cont!ct lens (ultipurpose solutions1 1 2 3 A B C D : !re speci)ic!ll* !$!il!ble )or use wit% dispos!ble lenses !re sterile solutions c!n be used to store lenses 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Test 4
Answers
A1
4!n!+e(ent o) !ller+ic r%initis includes t%e use o) !nti%ist!(ines' intr!n!s!l corticosteroids !nd n!s!l decon+est!nts, 8on-sed!tin+ !nti%ist!(ines suc% !s le$ocetiri2ine !re pre)erred in (ild-to-(oder!te !nd inter(ittent s*(pto(s, 9ro(et%!2ine !nd dip%end*r!(ine !re sed!tin+ !nti%ist!(ines, O-*(et!2oline is ! n!s!l decon+est!nt t%!t is !$!il!ble )or topic!l !d(inistr!tion, Topic!l !d(inistr!tion o) s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ents pro$ides relie) )ro( n!s!l obstruc-tion but bec!use o) t%e onset o) rebound con+estion t%eir use s%ould be li(ited to 1 week, A2 .
Ad$ice on non-p%!r(!cot%er!peutic (e!sures to incre!se !ppetite includes $!ri!tion o) )ood !t (e!ls' +!rnis%in+ (e!ls wit% %erbs' $!ri!tion o) )ood selections !nd e!tin+ )re uent s(!ll (e!ls, 4oder!te consu(ption o) !lco%ol does not i(p!ct ne+!ti$el* on !ppetite, A3 A
>l*cerol suppositories !ct !s ! rect!l sti(ul!nt !nd (!* !lso %!$e so(e lubric!tin+ !nd so)tenin+ !ctions, Ft is
use)ul in b!bies !nd c%ildren !nd !cts wit%in 15 to 36 (inutes, 0is!cod*l' sodiu( picosul)!te !nd senn! !re sti(u-l!nt l!-!ti$es t%!t !re +ener!ll* not pre)erred in c%ildren, ;owe$er' t%e* (!* be reco((ended b* p%*sici!ns in c%ildren to pre$ent recurrence o) )!ec!l i(p!ction, Fsp!+%ul! ;usk is ! bulk-)or(in+ l!-!ti$e t%!t is not reco((ended )or use in c%ildren under 6 *e!rs o) !+e,
17 3
174 Test 41 Answers
A4
H!ls!rt!n is !n !n+iotensin-FF receptor !nt!+onist t%!t blocks t%e !ctions o) !n+iotensin resultin+ in lowerin+ o) blood pressure, 3isinopril is !n !n+iotensin-con$ertin+ en2*(e 5AC:7 in%ibitor t%!t in%ibits t%e con$ersion o) !n+iotensin F to !n+iotensin FF, An+iotensin F is !n in!cti$e precursor o) !n+iotensin FF t%!t %!s ! $!riet* o) !cti$ities includin+ $!soconstriction, 4orp%ine is !n opioid !n!l+esic t%!t !cts !s !n !+onist !t endorp%in receptors, Si($!st!tin is ! st!tin t%!t !cts b* co(petiti$el* in%ibitin+ t%e en2*(e ;4>-CoA 53-%*dro-*-3-(et%*l-+lut!r*l-CoA7 reduct!se t%!t controls t%e s*nt%esis o) c%olesterol in t%e li$er, Fnsulin is ! peptide t%!t is nor(!ll* produced b* t%e p!ncre!s, A5 A
.ru+ !bsorption is !))ected b* +!stric (otilit*' blood )low' )ood int!ke !nd p; !t !bsorption site, T%e %!l)-li)e o) ! dru+ is t%e ti(e t!ken )or t%e concentr!-tion o) t%e dru+ to )!ll to %!l) its ori+in!l $!lue, Ft does not !))ect dru+ !bsorption, A6 C
A prodru+ is ! subst!nce t%!t needs to be (et!bolised into ! p%!r(!colo+i-c!l !cti$e product, Codeine is (et!bolised in t%e li$er to (orp%ine' norcodeine !nd ot%er (et!bolites, A7 A
9%!r(!coepide(iolo+* is t%e stud* o) use !nd e))ects o) dru+s in l!r+e nu(bers o) people, 9%!r(!co$i+il!nce is t%e (onitorin+ o) !d$erse e))ects !nd (!* be considered to be one !spect o) p%!r(!coepide(iolo+*,
Test 41 Answers 175
A8
9!tient re uires two t!blets o) .elt!cortril d!il*, T%e nu(ber t%!t need to be dispensed is two t!blets )or 16 d!*s R 32 t!blets, A9 0
A $i!l cont!ins 56 (+ o) do-orubicin 525 (3 2 (+7, To obt!in 266 (+' )our $i!ls !re re uired, A10 C 0et!(et%!sone 6,63 + is re uired to prep!re 36 + o) 6,1M bet!(et%!sone cre!( 536 + 6,1L1667, A11 . Ti(olol 2,5 (+L(3 is e ui$!lent to ! 6,25M ti(olol e*e drop solution, A solution o) t%is stren+t% cont!ins 6,25 + in 166 (3' t%ere)ore in 1 (3 t%ere is 6,6625 +' w%ic% is e u!l to 2,5 (+, A12 0 Fnsulin s*rin+es !re c!libr!ted in units, Fnsulin
prep!r!tions intended to be !d(inistered usin+ t%e con$ention!l s*rin+e !nd needle (et%od !re presented in unitsL(3, A13 : Celeco-ib is ! selecti$e o) c*clo-o-*+en!se-2 in%ibitor t%!t con)ers +!stro-intestin!l toler!nce,
176 Test 41 Answers
A14 C &lucon!2ole is ! tri!2ole !nti)un+!l !+ent, A15 0 Fso)lur!ne is ! $ol!tile li uid !n!est%etic, A16 C C%lor!(p%enicol is !n !ntib!cteri!l dru+ t%!t %!s ! bro!d spectru( o) !cti$it*, As it is !ssoci!ted wit% blood disorders' includin+ re$ersible !nd irre$ersible !pl!stic !n!e(i!' (onitorin+ o) blood counts be)ore !nd periodic!ll* durin+ tre!t(ent is re uired, A17 A 4etronid!2ole is !n !nti-in)ecti$e !+ent wit% %i+% !cti$it* !+!inst !n!erobic b!cteri! !nd proto2o!, A18 C As c%lor!(p%enicol is !ssoci!ted w%en wit% serious
%!e(!tolo+ic!l
side-e))ects
!d(inistered
s*ste(ic!ll*' it is reser$ed )or li)e-t%re!tenin+ in)ections,
A19 0 8itro)ur!ntoin is ! b!ctericid!l !+ent t%!t is !cti$e !+!inst >r!(-positi$e or+!nis(s !nd Esc&eric&ia coli, Ft is indic!ted in unco(plic!ted lower urin!r* tr!ct in)ections,
Test 41 Answers 177
A20 A Fnt!ke o) !lco%ol s%ould be !$oided durin+ tre!t(ent wit% (etronid!2ole bec!use ! disul)ir!(-like re!ction (!* occur, A21 . @*lo(et!2oline is ! topic!l n!s!l decon+est!nt t%!t is !n !lp%!-!drenoceptor !+onist, Ft c!uses n!s!l $!soconstriction !nd t%us relie$es con+estion, A22 0 Cou+% suppress!nts' !lso re)erred to !s !ntitussi$es' (!* be reco((ended in dr* cou+%, Codeine' !n opioid dru+' suppresses t%e cou+% re)le- b* depress-in+ t%e cou+% centres in t%e br!in, Cou+% suppress!nts (!* c!use sputu( retention, A23 : &lutic!sone is ! corticosteroid t%!t c!n be used !s !n intr!n!s!l prep!r!tion in n!s!l !ller+*, A24 A
.iclo)en!c is ! 8SAF. !nd its use is !ssoci!ted wit% +!strointestin!l side-e))ects includin+ n!use!' di!rr%oe!' bleedin+ !nd ulcer!tion, .iclo)en!c is contr!indic!ted in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) !cti$e peptic ulcer!tion, A25 . Ilcer!ti$e colitis is ! condition c%!r!cterised b*
in)l!((!tion o) t%e colo-rect!l !re!, S*(pto(s (!* include di!rr%oe!, T%e use o) loper!(ide in !cti$e
17" Test 41 Answers
ulcer!ti$e colitis s%ould be undert!ken wit% c!ution bec!use it (!* precipit!te p!r!l*tic ileus !nd to-ic (e+!colon, A26 0 9seudoep%edrine is ! s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ent !nd s%ould be !$oided in p!tients wit% conditions o) r!ised intr!ocul!r pressure suc% !s +l!uco(!, A27 0 9seudoep%edrine is ! s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ent !nd it is not suit!ble )or p!tients wit% di!betes bec!use o) its (et!bolic e))ects on blood +lucose !nd bec!use o) its $!soconstrictor e))ects' w%ic% (!* le!d to %*pertension, .i!betic p!tients !re !lre!d* prone to %*pertension, A28 0 Ar!c%idonic !cid is (et!bolised b* t%e c*clo-o-*+en!se +roup o) en2*(es to produce prost!+l!ndins, A29 C
Corticotrop%in-rele!sin+
)!ctor
is
rele!sed
b*
t%e
%*pot%!l!(us to sti(ul!te t%e pituit!r* +l!nd to rele!se !drenocorticotrop%ic %or(one, A30 A T%*ro+lobulin is ! protein t%!t under+oes iodin!tion in t%e t%*roid +l!nd le!din+ to t%e s*nt%esis o) t%*roid %or(ones,
Test 41 Answers 179
A31 0 9%osp%olip!se A2 is !n en2*(e t%!t (edi!tes ! de!c*l!tion re!ction o) !r!c%idonic !cid, A32 : Co-c!reldop! is ! (i-ture o) le$odop! !nd c!rbidop! 5dop!-dec!rbo-*l!se in%ibitor7, 3e$odop! is used in p!rkinsonis( to replenis% t%e depleted stri!t!l dop!(ine, A33 0 Co-p%enotrope is ! (i-ture o) dip%eno-*l!te !nd !tropine, .ip%eno-*l!te is !n !nti(otilit* dru+ t%!t c!n be used in di!rr%oe!, A34 . Co-tri(o-!2ole consists o) ! (i-ture o) two !nti-b!cteri!l !+ents' tri(et%opri( !nd sul)!(et%o-!2ole, An e-!(ple o) ! propriet!r* n!(e )or t%is (i-ture is Septrin' (!rketed b* >l!-oS(it%=line,
A35 : Co-c!reldop! includes c!rbidop!' w%ic% is !n e-tr!cerebr!l dop!-dec!rbo-*-l!se in%ibitor, Ft reduces t%e perip%er!l con$ersion o) le$odop! to dop!(ine' resultin+ in ! +re!ter !(ount o) le$odop! re!c%in+ t%e br!in, :))ecti$e br!in-dop!(ine concentr!tions !re !c%ie$ed wit% lower doses o) le$odop! t%!n i) le$odop! were used !s ! sin+le !+ent,
1"6 Test 41 Answers
A36 0 .ilti!2e( is ! c!lciu(-c%!nnel blocker' speci)ic!ll* ! ben2ot%i!2ipine deri$!-ti$e, All c!lciu(-c%!nnel blockers %!$e perip%er!l !nd coron!r* $!sodil!tor properties, .ilti!2e( %!s ! ne+!ti$e inotropic e))ect !s ! c!rdi!c e))ect' !lt%ou+% less t%!n $er!p!(il, A37 . ;*potension occurs w%en t%e blood pressure is below ! Gnor(!lD $!lue 5usu!ll* ! di!stolic below 76E"6 ((;+7, .e%*dr!tion (!* le!d to %*potension, A sedent!r* li)est*le !nd %i+%-)!t diet !re contributor* )!ctors )or %*pertension, A38 A #isks )or electrol*te i(b!l!nce include bein+ elderl*' presence o) !scites !nd $o(itin+, T%ere !re ! nu(ber o) )!ctors t%!t predispose older p!tients to ! %i+%er risk o) electrol*te i(b!l!nce, T%ese include dru+ t%er!p* suc% !s diuretics' AC: in%ibitors' 8SAF.s !nd !nt!cids, Older persons (!* be t!kin+ ! nu(ber o) di))erent dru+s t%!t i(p!ct on electrol*te b!l!nce, :lderl* p!tients (!* !lso %!$e ! reduced )luid int!ke, Ascites is t%e !ccu(ul!tion o) )luid in t%e peritone!l c!$it* resultin+ in ! disruption o) t%e
os(otic !nd w!ter b!l!nce, Ho(itin+ le!ds to electrol*te !nd w!ter loss, A39 0 :n!l!pril is !n !n+iotensin-con$ertin+ en2*(e 5AC:7 in%ibitor, AC: in%ibitors !re !ssoci!ted wit% ! persistent cou+% !s ! side-e))ect, So(eti(es t%is side-e))ect i(p!cts ne+!ti$el* on t%e p!tientDs li)est*le !nd w!rr!nts wit%dr!w!l o) tre!t(ent, AC: in%ibitors' t%rou+% t%eir in%ibition o) !n+iotensin FF )or(!tion' result in ! reduction o) !ldosterone rele!se, As ! result' AC: in%ibitors %!$e pot!ssiu(-sp!rin+ e))ects, Tre!t(ent wit% en!l!pril (!* result in %*per-k!l!e(i!,
Test 41 Answers 1"1
A40 A Alopeci! is loss o) %!ir !nd t%is condition (!* occur !s ! conse uence to dru+ t%er!p*, Si($!st!tin is ! st!tin t%!t (!* !lso c!use !lopeci!' !lon+ wit% ot%er side-e))ects !ssoci!ted wit% st!tins, C*toto-ic dru+s suc% !s bleo(*cin 5c*toto-ic !ntibiotic7 !nd cispl!tin 5pl!tinu( co(pound7 (!* c!use $!r*in+ de+rees o) %!ir loss, A41 A ;*perprol!ctin!e(i! is !n e-cessi$e prol!ctin rele!se )ro( t%e pituit!r* +l!nd, Ft is c%!r!cterised b* in)ertilit* in p!tients, .ru+s t%!t (!* c!use %*perprol!ctin-!e(i! include p%enot%i!2ines' %!loperidol' (et%*ldop!' ci(etidine' (eto-clopr!(ide !nd oestro+ens, 9rol!ctin produces (!((!r* +l!nd enl!r+e(ent !nd induces (ilk production, A42 . Antibiotic prop%*l!-is is reco((ended in p!tients w%o !re !t speci!l risk o) endoc!rditis' n!(el* p!tients wit% prost%etic c!rdi!c $!l$es or p!tients w%o %!$e %!d endoc!rditis pre$iousl*, A43 A
9!r!s*(p!t%o(i(etics suc% !s piloc!rpine !re used in e*e prep!r!tions )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) +l!uco(! bec!use o) t%eir (iotic !cti$it*, Ocul!r side-e))ects include blurred $ision, As p!r!s*(p!t%o(i(etics result in bronc%ocon-striction' t%e* s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% !st%(!, A44 : 8itr!2ep!( is ! ben2odi!2epine t%!t is used !s ! %*pnotic in t%e s%ort-ter( (!n!+e(ent o) inso(ni!, 8itr!2ep!( %!s ! lon+ %!l)-li)e !nd t%ere)ore it is
1"2 Test 41 Answers
!ssoci!ted wit% (ore %!n+o$er e))ects t%!n s%orter !ctin+ products suc% !s lor!2ep!(, Ait%dr!w!l p%eno(en! !re (ore co((on wit% s%orter !ctin+ products bec!use t%e residu!l concentr!tion o) nitr!2ep!( del!*s t%e onset o) wit%dr!w!l s*(pto(s, A45 . 4*!st%eni! +r!$is is c%!r!cterised b* skelet!l (uscle we!kness, Ft is ! neuro(uscul!r disorder t%!t c!n occur !t !n* !+e, Tre!t(ent includes use o) !ntic%olinester!ses' corticosteroids !nd i((unosuppress!nts suc% !s !2!t%io-prine, A46 . ;*pro(ellose is ! (i-ed cellulose et%er t%!t is used )or te!r de)icienc*, Ft lubri-c!tes t%e e*e !nd pre$ents dr*ness c!used b* te!r de)icienc*, Ft is !pplied !s re uired to !c%ie$e !de u!te relie), A47 A 0!rrier prep!r!tions pro$ide ! (ec%!nic!l block w%ic% protects t%e skin )ro( irrit!nts' t%us pre$entin+ (!cer!tion, T%e* consist o) silicones !nd 2inc s!lts, #e+ul!r !pplic!tion o) b!rrier prep!r!tions to t%e n!pkin
!re! pre$ents n!pkin der(!titis, A48 0 ;*pot%*roidis( is ! condition !ssoci!ted wit% t%e )!ilure o) t%e t%*roid +l!nd to produce enou+% t%*roid %or(one, Fncidence o) %*pot%*roidis( incre!ses wit% !+e !nd s*(pto(s in t%e elderl* !re uite insidious, 3i)e-lon+ repl!ce-(ent o) t%*ro-ine is re uired to (!int!in t%*roid %or(one le$els, #!dio!cti$e iodine is ! tre!t(ent option in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) %*pert%*roidis(,
Test 41 Answers 1"3
A49 A #!ndo( +lucose le$els s%ould be (!int!ined !t less t%!n 11,1 ((olL3, ;i+%er le$els indic!te t%!t t%e p!tient is not bein+ (!n!+ed properl*, ;bA1c testin+ is !ppropri!te in detectin+ lon+-ter( control o) blood +lucose, .i!betic p!tients !re !d$ised to )ollow ! low-c!lorie diet !nd to !dopt ! %e!lt%ier li)est*le b*' )or e-!(ple' stoppin+ s(okin+ !nd t!kin+ (ore e-ercise, A50 A 4et)or(in is ! bi+!unide !ntidi!betic !+ent t%!t is used w%en strict dietin+ %!s )!iled to control di!betes or w%en ot%er tre!t(ent options %!$e )!iled, Ft is pre)erred in o$erwei+%t p!tients bec!use it does not c!use wei+%t +!in' w%ic% (!* occur wit% sulp%on*lure!s, ;*po+l*c!e(i! does not usu!ll* occur wit% (et)or(in bec!use' unlike sulp%on*lure!s' it does not sti(ul!te or (i(ic insulin, A51 0 Hiscer!l p!in occurs in t%e intern!l or+!ns' co((onl* in t%e !bdo(in!l or+!ns, Ft is usu!ll* poorl* loc!lised, 4i+r!ine is ! neuro$!scul!r condition !ssoci!ted wit% disturb!nces in t%e cr!ni!l-blood circul!tion,
A52 A 8!use! !nd $o(itin+ !re s*(pto(s o) conditions t%!t include $estibul!r disorders suc% !s l!b*rint%itis' +!strointestin!l conditions suc% !s peptic ulcer-!tion !nd in)ection, A53 A :-!(ples o) !ntiseptics include sodiu( c%loride 5s!line7' cetri(ide !nd po$idone-iodine,
1"4 Test 41 Answers
A54 . :(ollient b!t% !dditi$es !re intended to %*dr!te t%e skin !nd !re used )or dr* skin conditions, Constituents include li uid p!r!))in' w%ic% is ! +re!s* prep!r!tion, Crot!(iton !nd c!l!(ine !re !ntipruritics, A55 0 Teet%in+ +els cont!in !n !n!est%etic suc% !s lidoc!ine !nd !n !ntiseptic suc% !s cet!lkoniu(' )ound in 0on?el! +el, Acet*ls!lic*lic !cid is !spirin !nd is not reco((ended )or use in c%ildren, A56 0 4odi)ied-rele!se or!l prep!r!tions rele!se t%e !cti$e in+redient +r!du!ll* o$er ti(e, T%is !lso !pplies to (odi)ied-rele!se or!l prep!r!tions o) iron, T%e* !re intended )or once-d!il* dos!+e, Co(p!red wit% t%e nor(!l or!l dos!+e )or(u-l!tions' t%e (odi)ied-rele!se prep!r!tions o) iron !re !ssoci!ted wit% ! lower incidence o) +!strointestin!l irrit!tion 5n!use!' epi+!stric p!in7, T%is (!* re)lect t%e s(!ller !(ount o) iron t%!t is success)ull* !bsorbed wit% ! (odi)ied-rele!se prep!r!tion, A57 0
S*(pto(s o) !ller+ic r%initis (!* be reduced b* controllin+ dust !nd !ni(!l d!nder in t%e %ouse, T%is (!* be !c%ie$ed b* w!s%in+ pets weekl*' b* usin+ ! $!cuu( cle!ner re+ul!rl* !nd b* not usin+ c!rpets in t%e %o(e, A58 0 Conditions t%!t (!* contribute or e-!cerb!te
%*perlipid!e(i! include %*per-tension !nd di!betes, A r!ised low-densit* lipoprotein 53.37 c%olesterol le$el
Test 41 Answers 1"5
is !ssoci!ted wit% !t%ero+enesis !nd ! r!ised %i+% densit* lipoprotein 5;.37 c%olesterol le$el is !ssoci!ted wit% ! low risk o) %*perlipid!e(i!, 3.3 c!rries c%olesterol )ro( t%e +!strointestin!l tr!ct' li$er or tissues )or stor!+e w%ere!s ;.3 tr!nsports c%olesterol )ro( t%e tissues to t%e li$er )or bre!kdown, A59 A Fsosorbide is ! nitr!te used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) !n+in! !nd le)t $entricul!r )!ilure, Ft is ! potent $!sodil!tor !nd side-e))ects !ssoci!ted wit% its use include di22iness' t%robbin+ %e!d!c%e' )lus%in+ !nd postur!l %*potension, A60 0 4!+nesiu( %*dro-ide re!cts wit% +!stric !cid t%us neutr!lisin+ it, Ft is use)ul !s !n !nt!cid, Ft tends to be l!-!ti$e !nd in %i+%er doses it c!n be used !s !n os(otic l!-!ti$e, 4!+nesiu( %*dro-ide' w%en presented !s ! li uid )or(u-l!tion' tends to precipit!te !nd t%e consu(er is !d$ised to s%!ke it be)ore use,
A61 0 Cl!rit%ro(*cin is !n er*t%ro(*cin deri$!ti$e,
>!strointestin!l side-e))ects include n!use!' $o(itin+' d*spepsi! !nd di!rr%oe!, A62 0 >!b!pentin is !n !nti-epileptic dru+ t%!t is usu!ll* prescribed !s t%ree di$ided doses, T!kin+ t%e dru+ !t e$enl* sp!ced ti(es t%rou+%out t%e d!* !c%ie$es ! better dru+ pl!s(! pro)ile' !$oidin+ %i+% pe!k-pl!s(! concentr!tions t%!t (!* contribute to !d$erse e))ects' or low pl!s(! concentr!tions t%!t (!* le!d to sei2ures,
1"6 Test 41 Answers
A63 C A%en !ppl*in+ e!r drops' t%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised to keep t%e e!r tilted )or ! )ew (inutes !)ter !pplic!tion to !$oid dru+ loss t%rou+% seep!+e, T%e use o) cotton buds s%ould be discour!+ed in e!r w!- re(o$!l bec!use t%e* (!* d!(!+e t%e t*(p!nic (e(br!ne, A64 A Older p!tients !re !t risk o) de$elopin+ dru+-induced oesop%!+itis bec!use dru+s !nd ot%er )!ctors (!* result in del!*ed oesop%!+e!l tr!nsit ti(e o) (edic!tions, A65 A A(iloride is ! we!k diuretic but its c%!r!cteristic is t%!t it c!uses pot!ssiu( retention, A%en used in co(bin!tion wit% t%i!2ide diuretics' !(iloride counter!cts t%e pot!ssiu( loss !ttributed to t%i!2ide diuretics, A66 C Ste!( in%!l!tion is use)ul in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) t%e s*(pto(s o) !cute respi-r!tor* tr!ct in)ection, Ft encour!+es t%e inspir!tion o) w!r(' (oist !ir in t%e bronc%i' w%ic% is co()ortin+ in n!s!l con+estion !s !n
e-pector!nt t%er!p*, A67 : 4etoclopr!(ide is !n !nti-e(etic !+ent t%!t is usu!ll* reco((ended )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) $o(itin+ durin+ pre+n!nc* !s ! second-line tre!t(ent !)ter !n !nti%ist!(ine dru+ suc% !s pro(et%!2ine %!s been used unsuccess)ull*, 4etoclopr!(ide rese(bles p%enot%i!2ines in !cti$it* !nd it is !lso !ssoci!ted wit% e-tr!p*r!(id!l e))ects' especi!ll* in c%ildren !nd in *oun+ !dults,
Test 41 Answers 1"7
A68 0 9sori!sis is !n in)l!((!tor* skin condition t%!t is c%!r!cterised b* epider(!l t%ickenin+ !nd sc!lin+, :(ollients !re used widel* in psori!sis to %*dr!te t%e skin !nd re(o$e t%e itc%iness, A69 0 F(ipr!(ine is ! tric*clic !ntidepress!nt dru+ t%!t is !ssoci!ted wit% !nti(us-c!rinic !nd c!rdi!c side-e))ects, Anti(usc!rinic side-e))ects include dr* (out%' sed!tion' blurred $ision !nd constip!tion, C!rdi!c side-e))ects include electro-c!rdio+r!p%ic c%!n+es' !rr%*t%(i!s' postur!l %*potension !nd t!c%*c!rdi!, A70 . 0uspirone is used s%ort-ter( !s !n !n-iol*tic, Ft !cts !t serotonin receptors, A71 C 3ow-(olecul!r-wei+%t %ep!rins 534A;s7 !re
!d(inistered b* subcut!neous in?ection, T%e* !re !s e))ecti$e !s un)r!ction!ted %ep!rin in t%e pre$ention o) $enous t%ro(bo-e(bolis(, An !d$!nt!+e o) 34A;s is t%!t t%e* !re !d(inis-tered once d!il* bec!use t%e* %!$e ! lon+er dur!tion o) !ction t%!n un)r!c-tion!ted %ep!rin, A72 A Co-tri(o-!2ole consists o) sul)!(et%o-!2ole 5! sulp%on!(ide7 !nd tri(et%o-pri(, Co-tri(o-!2ole s%ould not be !d(inistered to p!tients recei$in+ w!r)!rin bec!use sulp%on!(ides en%!nce t%e e))ect o) w!r)!rin,
1"" Test 41 Answers
A73 . Arti)ici!l s!li$! s%ould be o) ! neutr!l p; !nd consists o) electrol*tes includ-in+ )luoride, A74 A Corticosteroids s%ould be used wit% c!ution in c%ildren bec!use p%!r(!co-t%er!peutic doses o) corticosteroids (!* ret!rd or interrupt t%eir +rowt%, A75 . Aciclo$ir is !n !nti-$ir!l dru+ intended to be used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) cold sores, Ft is reco((ended )or use wit% t%e onset o) e!rl* s*(pto(s' pre)er!bl* prodro(!l ones, ;owe$er' it is not indic!ted !s ! prop%*l!ctic !+ent !+!inst recurrent cold sores, Cold sores !re c!used b* t%e $irus %erpes si(ple-, A76 . T%e !d(inistr!tion o) topic!l %*drocortisone !nd !nti%ist!(ines is reco(-(ended !s )irst-line tre!t(ent in insect bites bec!use t%e* !re intended to counter!ct t%e in)l!((!tor* process, C!l!(ine lotion (!* be used !s !n
!d?unct product )or its soot%in+ !nd !ntipruritic !cti$it*, A77 C &lu$!st!tin is ! lipid-re+ul!tin+ dru+ t%!t is cl!ssi)ied !s ! st!tin, St!tins !re contr!indic!ted in p!tients wit% !cti$e li$er dise!se !nd s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) li$er dise!se, 3i$er )unction tests s%ould be c!rried out be)ore initi!tion o) tre!t(ent !nd s%ould be (onitored re+ul!rl* durin+ tre!t(ent,
Test 41 Answers 1"9
A78 . Atenolol is ! bet!-!drenoceptor blockin+ !+ent t%!t !cts !s !n !nt!+onist !t t%e s*(p!t%etic ner$ous s*ste(, Ft is ! s*(p!t%ol*tic !+ent !nd is used !s !n !nti%*pertensi$e, Side-e))ects include br!d*c!rdi!' c!used b* its s*(p!t%ol*tic !cti$it*, A79 0 .i))erences in !nti-in)l!((!tor* !cti$it* between di))erent 8SAF.s !re s(!ll, H!ri!tion lies in t%e indi$idu!l p!tientDs toler!nce !nd response to t%e $!rious dru+s, A80 0 An!l )issure is ! te!r in t%e epit%eli!l linin+ o) t%e !n!l c!n!l, T%e condition (!* be precipit!ted b* %!rd stools !nd constip!tion, 9!tients (!* present wit% %!e(orr%oids !nd !n!l )issure !s ! result o) c%ronic constip!tion, A81 0 T%e structure represents p%enot%i!2ines, Ft is ! t%ree-rin+ structure consistin+ o) two ben2ene rin+s t%!t !re linked b* ! sulp%ur !nd ! nitro+en !to(,
A82 A 9%enot%i!2ines %!$e dop!(ine !nt!+onist properties !s well !s !ntic%oliner-+ic !nd ;1-blockin+ e))ects, A83 A 9%enot%i!2ines !re used !s !ntips*c%otic !+ents, So(e p%enot%i!2ines !re !lso used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) n!use! !nd $o(itin+,
196 Test 41 Answers
A84 A Side-e))ects o) p%enot%i!2ines include e-tr!p*r!(id!l s*(pto(s t%!t consist o) p!rkinsoni!n s*(pto(s' d*stoni!' !k!t%isi! !nd t!rdi$e d*skinesi! !nd sidee))ects' suc% !s drowsiness !nd dr* (out%' rel!ted to t%eir !nti(usc!rinic !cti$it*, A85 C C%lorpro(!2ine !nd proc%lorper!2ine !re two e-!(ples o) p%enot%i!2ines, C%lorpro(!2ine %!s !n !lip%!tic side c%!in on t%e #1 position w%ere!s proc%lorper!2ine %!s ! piper!2ine +roup, T%is results in di))erences in potenc* !nd in t%e side-e))ect pro)ile, A(itript*line is ! tric*clic !ntidepress!nt, A86 C 9roctosed*l oint(ent consists o) cinc%oc!ine' w%ic% is ! loc!l !n!est%etic !nd %*drocortisone' ! corticosteroid, Ft %!s !nti-in)l!((!tor* !nd !n!l+esic properties, A87 0 T%e p!tient %!s been prescribed 9roctosed*l' to be !pplied twice d!il*, T%e p!tient c!n be !d$ised to !ppl* t%e oint(ent (ornin+ !nd e$enin+ !nd to incre!se )luid
int!ke so !s to !$oid %!rd stools !nd str!inin+ !t stools, As 9roctosed*l cont!ins ! corticosteroid co(ponent' it s%ould be used onl* durin+ t%e !cute p%!se !nd )or s%ortter( use, A88 0 9!ro-etine is ! selecti$e serotonin re-upt!ke in%ibitor' w%ic% is used )or depression' obsessi$e-co(pulsi$e disorder' p!nic disorders' soci!l p%obi!'
Test 41 Answers 191
post-tr!u(!tic stress disorder !nd +ener!lised !n-iet* disorder, SS#Fs s%ould not be used durin+ ! (!nic p%!se, A89 . A$!il!ble solid or!l dos!+e )or(s o) p!ro-etine !re t!blets !t 26 (+ !nd 36 (+ stren+t%s, A90 A Side-e))ects o) p!ro-etine include +!strointestin!l disorders suc% !s n!use!' $o(itin+ !nd d*spepsi!, To reduce onset o) t%ese side-e))ects' p!tient s%ould be !d$ised to t!ke t%e dru+ wit% )ood, :))ecti$eness o) dru+ t%er!p* wit% p!ro-etine (!* be del!*ed until 4E6 weeks, 9!tient s%ould be !d$ised to c%eck t%eir suppl* o) (edic!tion' especi!ll* be)ore +oin+ on %olid!* bec!use t%is is ! prescription-onl* product !nd tre!t(ent s%ould not be wit%dr!wn !bruptl*, A91 . Co((on side-e))ects !ssoci!ted wit% p!ro-etine
!d(inistr!tion do not usu!ll* include side-e))ects c!used b* !nti(usc!rinic !cti$it* or c!rdio$!scul!r disorders, Co((on side-e))ects !re rel!ted to t%e +!strointestin!l tr!ct !nd include !bdo(in!l p!in, A92 . T%e !ntico!+ul!nt e))ect o) w!r)!rin is possibl* incre!sed b* SS#Fs, 9!ro-etine is not reported to %!$e si+ni)ic!nt inter!ctions wit% pro(et%!2ine !nd co-!(o-icl!$,
192 Test 41 Answers
A93 0 3e$oc!b!stine is !n !nti%ist!(ine prep!r!tion, A94 . As !n !nti%ist!(ine' le$oc!b!stine %!s !nti-in)l!((!tor* properties, A95 . 3e$oc!b!stine is used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) !ller+ic r%initis, A96 0 3e$oc!b!stine is !lso !$!il!ble !s e*e drops )or use in !ller+ic con?uncti$itis, Topic!l le$oc!b!stine is less e))ecti$e t%!n topic!l corticosteroids suc% !s budesonide but (ore e))ecti$e t%!n cro(o+lic!te, A97 0 T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised to !ppl* two spr!*s into e!c% nostril twice d!il*, 3e$oc!b!stine will relie$e t%e
s*(pto(s o) !ller+ic r%initis, Sed!tion is r!re' bec!use it is !d(inistered topic!ll*, A98 0 C!lciu( supple(ent!tion is used in t%e pre$ention o) osteoporosis,
Test 41 Answers 193
A99 0 &irst-!id spr!* prep!r!tions include !n !n!est%etic to counter!ct t%e presen-t!tion o) p!in !nd !n !ntiseptic !+ent to pre$ent in)ection o) t%e in?ur* site, A100 C .i))erent cont!ct lens (ultipurpose solutions !re !$!il!ble )or so)t !nd %!rd cont!ct lenses, So)t cont!ct lenses !re !lso !$!il!ble !s dispos!ble lenses )or s%ort-ter( use 5!round 4 weeks7 or )or once-onl* we!r, 4ultipurpose solutions !re reco((ended )or dispos!ble so)t lenses, T%e (ultipurpose solution is ! sterile prep!r!tion t%!t (!* be used to store lenses,
Test 5
Questions
Questions 115 Directions' :!c% o) t%e uestions or inco(plete st!te(ents is )ollowed b* )i$e su++ested !nswers, Select t%e best !nswer in e!c% c!se, Q1 C!uses o) cou+% include !ll o) t%e )ollowin+ :@C:9T1 A B C D E !n-iet* con+esti$e %e!rt )!ilure %*pertension c%ronic bronc%itis en!l!pril
Q2 9!tients s%ould be !d$ised not to consu(e !n* !lco%ol i) t!kin+1 A B C D E Q3 co-!(o-icl!$ !(itript*line !tenolol bendro)lu(et%i!2ide n!pro-en
A dru+ )or w%ic% !brupt wit%dr!w!l is !ssoci!ted wit% !d$erse re!ctions c!used b* receptor upre+ul!tion is1 A pseudoep%edrine
B C D :
prednisolone p!ntopr!2ole piro-ic!( propr!nolol 19 5
Q4 A dru+ t%!t !cts !s ! 5-%*dro-*tr*pt!(ine receptor !nt!+onist is1 A B C D E Q5 cinn!ri2ine pro(et%!2ine %*oscine ond!nsetron bet!%istine
T%e $olu(e o) distribution o) ! dru+ describes1 A B C D E t%e !pp!rent distribution o) t%e dru+ in t%e bod* t%e concentr!tion o) t%e dru+ in pl!s(! t%e $olu(e o) pl!s(! t%!t is cle!red )ro( t%e bod* t%e concentr!tion o) t%e dru+ in blood t%e r!te o) eli(in!tion o) t%e dru+ )ro( t%e bod*
Q6
A p!tient is prescribed +ent!(icin 136 (+ e$er* " %, >ent!(icin is !$!il!ble !s 46 (+L(3, T%e $olu(e needed )or one dose is1 A 6,4 (3 B 1 (3 C 3,25 (3 D 16 (3 E 32 (3 Con$ert 1" J+ to (illi+r!(s1 A 1" 666
Q7
B C D E
1"66 6,661" 6,61" 6,1"
Questions 1E15 197
Q8 A solution o) sodiu( c%loride cont!ins 566 (+ o) sodiu( c%loride (!de up to 166 (3 wit% w!ter, :-press t%is solution !s ! percent!+e wL$1 A B C D E 566 56 5 6,5 6,65
Q9 A%en 566 (3 o) ! 16M !((oni! solution !re diluted to 1666 (3' t%e percent!+e $L$ is1 A B C D E 26 16 5 6,5 6,65
Q10 T%e p!edi!tric dose )or cl!rit%ro(*cin is 7,5 (+Lk+ bod* wei+%t, A%!t is t%e !ppropri!te dose )or ! c%ild wei+%in+ 25 k+1 A B C D 6,19 + 7,5 (+ 1,9 + 6,619 +
6,61 +
Q11 T%e nu(ber o) t!blets o) !(itript*line 25 (+ re uired to prep!re 66 (3 o) ! p!edi!tric prep!r!tion cont!inin+ !(itript*line 16 (+ per (illilitre is1 A B C D E 156 66 16 24 4
Q12 366 (3 cispl!tin !re bein+ !d(inistered o$er 5 %, ;ow (!n* (3L(in !re +i$en1 A B C D E 6,61 1 5 25 66
Q13 Oint(ents1 A B C D A !re soluble in w!ter cont!in ! %i+% proportion o) 2inc !re not occlusi$e !re suit!ble )or c%ronic' dr* lesions !re protecti$e !+!inst IH0
Q14 An e-!(ple o) ! skelet!l (uscle rel!-!nt is1
A B C D :
b!clo)en n!lo-one probenecid orp%en!drine tri%e-*p%enid*l
Questions 16E35 199
Q15 T%e c!ution!r* l!bel G.o not t!ke (ilk' indi+estion re(edies or (edi-cines cont!inin+ iron or 2inc !t t%e s!(e ti(e o) d!* !s t%is (edicineD is !pplic!ble to !ll t%e dru+s :@C:9T1 A B C 3 E o-*tetr!c*cline tetr!c*cline de(ecloc*cline nor)lo-!cin cl!rit%ro(*cin
Questions 1635 Directions' :!c% +roup o) uestions below consists o) )i$e lettered %e!din+s )ollowed b* ! list o) nu(bered uestions, &or e!c% nu(bered uestion select t%e one %e!din+ t%!t is (ost closel* rel!ted to it, :!c% %e!din+ (!* be used once' (ore t%!n once or not !t !ll, Questions 16E19 concern t%e )ollowin+ p!r!(eters1 A B C D E A39 A3T 3.3 ;.3 AT9
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1
Q16 is !n indic!tor o) c%olest!sis Q17 %i+% le$els indic!te %*perlipid!e(i! Q18 is %i+%l* ele$!ted in !cute %ep!titis Q19 re(o$es c%olesterol )ro( loc!l sites
Questions 26E23 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B C D B !lendron!te 2ol(itript!n codeine o(epr!2ole co-tri(o-!2ole
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e s%ould be used wit% c!ution or is contr!-indic!ted in t%e )ollowin+ conditions1 Q20 blood disorders Q21 decre!sed respir!tor* reser$e Q22 isc%!e(ic %e!rt dise!se Q23 !cti$e +!strointestin!l bleedin+ Questions 24E2" concern t%e )ollowin+1 A B C D E &!ctor HFFF !n+iotensin FF br!d*kinin c*clic !denosine (onop%osp%!te subst!nce 9
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1
Q24 in%ibits rele!se o) in)l!((!tor* (edi!tors resultin+ in bronc%odil!t!tion Q25 sti(ul!tes !ldosterone rele!se
Questions 16E35 261
Q26 is produced b* in?ured tissues !s ! (edi!tor o) in)l!((!tion Q27 is ! $!soconstrictor Q28 is ! neuropeptide in$ol$ed in p!in tr!ns(ission !nd in t%e rele!se o) pro-in)l!((!tor* !+ents Questions 29E31 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B C D E -*lo(et!2oline cetiri2ine pro(et%!2ine deslor!tidine le$ocetiri2ine
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q29 is !$!il!ble )or topic!l !pplic!tion Q30 (!* be used in inso(ni! Q31 (!* be used in (otion sickness Questions 32E35 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B l!t!noprost bet!-olol
C D :
dipi$e)rine dor2ol!(ide piloc!rpine
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q32 is ! pro-dru+ o) !dren!line Q33 is ! prost!+l!ndin !n!lo+ue Q34 is ! (*dri!tic Q35 results in ! s(!ll pupil Questions 3660 Directions' &or e!c% o) t%e uestions below' O8: or 4O#: o) t%e responses is 5!re7 correct, .ecide w%ic% o) t%e responses is 5!re7 correct, T%en c%oose1 A B C D E i) 1' 2 !nd 3 !re correct i) 1 !nd 2 onl* !re correct i) 2 !nd 3 onl* !re correct i) 1 onl* is correct i) 3 onl* is correct .irections su((!rised A 1' 2' 3 0 C . 1 onl* : 3 onl*
1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl*
Q36 S*(pto(s o) di!betes include1 1 2 3 pol*uri! pol*dipsi! une-pl!ined wei+%t loss
Questions 36E66 263
Q37 Obesit*1 1 2 3 is co((on in people wit% t*pe 2 di!betes c!uses insulin resist!nce is cl!ssi)ied !ccordin+ to t%e bod* (!ss inde-
Q38 Albu(inuri!1 1 is t%e presence in urine o) !bnor(!ll* l!r+e u!ntities o) !lbu(in is !lso re)erred to !s proteinuri! (!* be ! si+n o) di!betic nep%rop!t%*
2 3
Q39 .ru+s t%!t i(p!ir +lucose toler!nce include1 1 2 3 estr!diol codeine p!ro-etine
Q40 Sorbitol1 1 2 3 is ! (onos!cc%!ride is )ound in di!betic )oods does not o))er bene)it o$er sucrose in wei+%treduction diets
Q41 O(e+!-3 )!tt* !cids1
s%ould be !$oided %*perlipid!e(i! 2 !re )ound in )is% oils 3 !re !$!il!ble !s c!psules 1
b*
p!tients
wit%
Q42 :lderl* p!tients w%o !re !d(inistered c%lorpro(!2ine !re !t !n incre!sed risk o)1 1 2 3 urin!r* retention t!rdi$e d*skinesi! constip!tion
Q43 .*sp%!+i! (!* occur in p!tients w%o %!$e1 1 2 3 stroke 9!rkinsonDs dise!se Al2%ei(erDs dise!se
Q44 Clinic!l present!tion o) lun+ c!ncer includes1 1 2 3 n!s!l con+estion w%ee2e %!e(opt*sis
Q45 9!ro-etine1 1 2 3 (!* be !ssoci!ted wit% wit%dr!w!l s*(pto(s is used in (!ni! is contr!indic!ted i) t%e p!tient %!s %!d ! recent (*oc!rdi!l in)!rction
Q46 Antib!cteri!l !+ent5s7 t%!t (!* be prescribed in s!l(onellosis include1
1 2 3
er*t%ro(*cin ce)!clor cipro)lo-!cin
Questions 36E66 265
Q47 9rop%*l!-is )or (enin+ococc!l (enin+itis includes use o)1 1 2 3 +ent!(icin nitro)ur!ntoin ri)!(picin
Q48 .e-!(et%!sone1 1 2 3 l!cks (iner!locorticoid !cti$it* (!* be used in cerebr!l oede(! is (!rketed !s .elt!cortril
Q49 A!- re(o$!l e!r drops (!* cont!in1 1 2 3 !r!c%is oil p!r!dic%loroben2ene ben2*l ben2o!te
Q50 Anti-in)l!((!tor* prep!r!tions t%!t !re !$!il!ble )or ocul!r !d(inis-tr!tion include1 1 2 3 !nt!2oline bet!(et%!sone e(ed!stine
Q51 C!lciu( diet!r* re uire(ents !re rel!ti$el* +re!ter in1 1 2 3 pre+n!nc* c%ild%ood di!rr%oe!
Q52 Cl!rit%ro(*cin s%ould not be !d(inistered wit%1 1 2 3 si($!st!tin spironol!ctone !tenolol
Q53 9roc%lorper!2ine1 1 2 3 is used in $erti+o is ! p%enot%i!2ine pronounced e-tr!p*r!(id!l s*(pto(s (!* c!use drowsiness !ssoci!ted wit%
Q54 .ru+s t%!t s%ould be !$oided or used wit% c!ution in !n elderl* p!tient wit% c%ronic %e!rt )!ilure include1 1 2 3 clo(ipr!(ine t%*ro-ine perindopril
Q55 Fnd!p!(ide1 1 2 3 s%ould be !$oided in di!betic p!tients c!uses ! reduction in circul!tin+ )luid $olu(e is !$!il!ble !s ! (odi)ied-rele!se prep!r!tion
Q56 .ru+s used in t%e control o) epileps* include1 1 2 3 $!lpro!te +!b!pentin %!loperidol
Q57 :-tr!$!s!tion1
1 2
c!uses se$ere loc!l tissue necrosis %*drocortisone (!* be !d(inistered to tre!t t%e in)l!((!tion 3 (!* be c!used b* in)luen2! $!ccine
Questions 61E"6 267
Q58 C*toto-ic !ntibiotics include1 1 2 3 bleo(*cin do-orubicin (ito-!ntrone
Q59 3e$ocetiri2ine1 1 2 3 is !n !cti$e (et!bolite o) cetiri2ine c!nnot be t!ken in co(bin!tion wit% s*(p!t%o(i(etics one t!blet d!il* is t%e dos!+e re+i(en )or !dults
Q60 Antib!cteri!l !+ents t%!t c!n be +i$en to !dults !t ! dosin+ sc%edule o) !n or!l )or(ul!tion twice d!il* include1 1 2 3 co-!(o-icl!$ ce)t!2idi(e )luclo-!cillin
Questions 6180 Directions' T%e )ollowin+ uestions consist o) ! st!te(ent in t%e le)t-%!nd colu(n )ollowed b* ! second st!te(ent in t%e ri+%t-%!nd colu(n, .ecide w%et%er t%e )irst st!te(ent is true or )!lse, .ecide w%et%er t%e second st!te(ent is true or )!lse, T%en c%oose1
i) bot% st!te(ents !re true !nd t%e second st!te(ent is ! correct e-pl!n!tion o) t%e )irst st!te(ent B i) bot% st!te(ents !re true but t%e second st!te(ent is 8OT ! correct e-pl!n!tion o) t%e )irst st!te(ent C i) t%e )irst st!te(ent is true but t%e second st!te(ent is )!lse D i) t%e )irst st!te(ent is )!lse but t%e second st!te(ent is true : i) bot% st!te(ents !re )!lse A
Q61 Topic!l steroids !re $er* e))ecti$e !nd s!)e in t%e tre!t(ent o) ec2e(!, 9otent steroids suc% !s %*drocortisone but*r!te !re used to brin+ t%e condition under control, Q62 Terbin!)ine is ! )un+icid!l, Terbin!)ine is used !t ! st!t dose in $!+in!l c!ndidi!sis, Q63 Anti%ist!(ines !re used topic!ll* )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) n!s!l !ller+ies, Anti%ist!(ines re(o$e t%e s*(pto(s o) r%inorr%oe!' snee2in+ !nd n!s!l obstruction,
Q64 ;!loperidol is used !s !n !ntips*c%otic !+ent in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) !++ressi$e p!tients, ;!loperidol
%!s ! low incidence o) %*potension, Q65 A(itript*line incre!ses neuron!l upt!ke o) nor!dren!line, A%en !(itript*line is co(p!red wit% i(ipr!(ine' it is pre)erred in p!tients w%o !re !n-ious !nd !+it!ted,
Q66 Clo2!pine is !ssoci!ted wit% reduced e-tr!p*r!(id!l e))ects co(p!red wit% c%lorpro(!2ine, Clo2!pine is used !s ! dru+ o) )irst c%oice in sc%i2op%reni!, Q67 Fron-de)icienc* !n!e(i! is c%!r!cterised b* inso(ni! !nd %*per!cti$it*, Fron-de)icienc* !n!e(i! occurs due to >69. de)icienc*,
Questions 61E"6 269
Q68 Ant!cids will c!use i((edi!te relie) )ro( ! +!stric ulcer, Ant!cids c!n be used one %our !)ter )ood, Q69 #ep!+linide is !d(inistered !t (e!l ti(es, #ep!+linide %!s ! r!pid onset o) !ction !nd ! s%ort dur!tion o) !cti$it*,
Q70 T%e Gecono(*-cl!ss s*ndro(eD describes .HT le!din+ to pul(on!r* e(bolis( !ssoci!ted wit% prolon+ed tr!$el, Ft is !ssoci!ted wit% e-cess !lco%ol consu(ption !nd de%*dr!tion, Q71 A(lodipine le!ds to $!soconstriction, A side-e))ect t%!t (!* occur wit% !(lodipine is !nkle oede(!, Q72 3oper!(ide is !n opioid t%!t does not penetr!te t%e bloodEbr!in b!rrier, 3oper!(ide s%ould not be reco((ended )or c%ildren under 4 *e!rs, Q73 ;*perbilirubin!e(i! +i$es rise to ?!undice !nd !ssoci!ted pruritus, <!undice is t%e !ccu(ul!tion o) )luid in t%e peritone!l c!$it*, Q74 Sore t%ro!ts (!* indic!te dru+-induced neutropeni!, .ru+-induced neutropeni! (!* be c!used b* cotri(o-!2ole, Q75 T%e use o) ! sp!cer wit% beclo(et!sone (etered
dose in%!ler (!* incre!se steroid-induced or!l c!ndidi!sis, T%e sp!cer s%ould be w!s%ed out !nd le)t to dr*, Q76 0re!t%-!ctu!ted in%!lers !re less suit!ble )or c%ildren, Ait% bre!t%-!ctu!ted in%!lers t%ere is no need to coordin!te !ctu!tion wit% in%!l!tion, Q77 An ;#T prep!r!tion wit% oestro+en !lone is suit!ble )or continuous use in wo(en wit%out ! uterus, ;#T incre!ses t%e risk o) $enous t%ro(bo-e(bolis( !nd stroke, Q78 Fn t%e elderl*' orp%en!drine is t%e (!inst!* o) t%er!p* )or t%e tre!t(ent o) 9!rkinsonDs dise!se, Orp%en!drine is pre)erred bec!use o) ! lower incidence o) con)usion,
Q79 Osteoporosis is ! condition t%!t is not presented in (!les, Osteoporo-sis (!* occur bec!use o) decre!sed oestro+en le$els, Q80 .o(peridone !cts !t t%e c%e(oreceptor tri++er 2one !nd does not re!dil* cross t%e blood-br!in b!rrier, .o(peridone c!n be +i$en t%ree ti(es d!il*, Questions 8185 T%ese uestions concern t%e )ollowin+ structure1
Q81 T%e structure represents ! dru+ t%!t is ! 5!n71 A B C D E bet!-blocker !ntic%oliner+ic c%oliner+ic !+onist serotonin !nt!+onist !nti%ist!(ine
Q82 An indic!tion )or use is1
A B C D :
!n+in! n!use! !nd $o(itin+ 9!rkinsonDs dise!se !ller+* depression
Questions "1E"5
211
Q83 T%e dru+1 A B C D E !cts pri(!ril* on t%e +!strointestin!l tr!ct s%ould be used wit% c!ution in di!betic p!tients co(petiti$el* !nt!+onises br!d*kinin initi!l dose s%ould be +i$en !t bedti(e s%ould not be !d(inistered wit% bendro)lu(et%i!2ide
Q84 Side-e))ects to be e-pected include1 1 2 3 A B C D E bronc%osp!s( dr* (out% wei+%t loss 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q85 Contr!indic!tions to its use include1 1 2 3 A B !n+in! +l!uco(! !st%(! 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl*
C D :
2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions 86100 Directions' T%ese uestions in$ol$e prescriptions or p!tient re uests, #e!d t%e prescription or p!tient re uest !nd !nswer t%e uestions, Questions "6E""1 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, &ucit%!l(ic 1M $iscous e*e drops 2 drops bd .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q86 A c%!r!cteristic o) &ucit%!l(ic prep!r!tion is t%!t1 A B C D E it %!s ! bro!d spectru( o) !cti$it* it is ! sust!ined-rele!se )or(ul!tion it presents ! s*ste(ic (et%od o) dru+ !d(inistr!tion it cont!ins ! steroid co(ponent it is presented !s sin+le-!pplic!tion p!cks
Q87 ;ow (!n* (illi+r!(s o) !cti$e in+redient !re present per +r!( o) &ucit%!l(ic1 A B C D E 6,61 1 16 166 1666
Q88 T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised1 1 2 3 A B C D E to !ppl* two drops (ornin+ !nd e$enin+ t%!t tr!nsient stin+in+ (!* occur to pl!ce !pplic!tor on lower lid (!r+in !nd s uee2e cont!iner 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions "9E961 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 4icr!l!(icro-ene(! prn ( 4 .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q89 4icr!l!- is ! l!-!ti$e t%!t is cl!ssi)ied !s1 A B C D : os(otic sti(ul!nt bulk-)or(in+ bowel cle!nser !ntisp!s(odic
Q90 4icr!l!-1 1 2 3 A B C D E (!* be used in ! 4-*e!r-old c%ild (!* be used w%en t%ere is in)re uent de)ec!tion e!c% unit cont!ins one litre 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions 91E931 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 0u(et!nid e 5 (+ d!il* ( 36 .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q91 0u(et!nide1 1 is si(il!r in !cti$it* to )urose(ide
2 3 A B C D :
is indic!ted )or oede(! is ! (ild diuretic 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q92 T%e p!tient is !d$ised1 1 2 3 A B C D E to t!ke t%ree t!blets d!il* to t!ke t%e (edic!tion !t ni+%t t%!t t%e (edic!tion will !ct wit%in one %our 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q93 A%ic% supple(ent s%ould be considered in p!tients t!kin+ bu(et!nideB A B C D E sodiu( pot!ssiu( +lucose 2inc c!lciu(
Questions 94E971 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, &l!+*l
t!blets 266 (+ tds Au+(entin 625 (+ t!blets bd .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q94 T%e !bo$e prescription is (ost likel* to be prescribed w%en t%e p!tient presents wit% s*(pto(s o)1 1 2 3 A B C D E dent!l in)ection s*ste(ic (*coses tine! pedis in)ection 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q95 T%e p!tient is !d$ised1 1 2 3 A B C D E to t!ke Au+(entin t!blets twice d!il* to t!ke &l!+*l t!blets wit% or !)ter )ood to t!ke t!blets !t re+ul!r inter$!ls 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q96 &l!+*l1 1 2 3 A B is onl* !$!il!ble !s 466 (+ t!blets (!* c!use !n unple!s!nt t!ste !s ! sidee))ect cont!ins (etronid!2ole 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl*
C D :
2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q97 Au+(entin1 1 2 3 includes !(o-icillin !bsorption is not !))ected b* t%e presence o) )ood in t%e sto(!c% s%ould not be used in in)ections likel* to be c!used b* bet!l!ct!(!se producin+ str!ins 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
A B C D E
Questions 9"E1661 &or e!c% uestion re!d t%e p!tient re uest, Q98 A 45-*e!r-old p!tient wit% ! %istor* o) peptic ulcer dise!se !sks )or !n !n!l+esic )or ! %e!d!c%e, A%ic% product could be reco((endedB A B C D E ibupro)en co-cod!(ol !spirin n!pro-en (elo-ic!(
Q99 A p!tient re uests !spirin 75 (+ t!blets, Aspirin 75 (+1 1 2 3 decre!ses pl!telet !++re+!tion is !$!il!ble !s enteric co!ted t!blets s%ould be !$oided in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) ! coron!r* b*p!ss sur+er*
A B C D E
1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q100 A p!tient re uests ! topic!l !ntipruritic !+ent, T%e prep!r!tion (!* consist o)1 A B C D : deslor!tidine w%ite so)t p!r!))in di(eticone c!lcipotriol crot!(iton
Test 5
Answers
A1
;*pertension is not !ssoci!ted wit% onset o) cou+%, Con+esti$e %e!rt )!ilure is !ssoci!ted wit% s%ortness o) bre!t%' oede(! !nd cou+%, C%ronic bronc%itis presents wit% w%ee2in+ !nd cou+%, S*(pto(s o) !n-iet* (!* be $!ried !nd include d*spnoe!' p!lpit!tions' cou+%, :n!l!pril is !n !n+iotensin-con$ertin+ en2*(e in%ibitor t%!t (!* be !ssoci!ted wit% cou+%, A2 0
A(itript*line is ! tric*clic !ntidepress!nt t%!t' w%en !d(inistered wit% !lco%ol' (!* result in !n incre!sed sed!ti$e e))ect, A3 :
9ropr!nolol is ! bet!-!drenoceptor blockin+ !+ent, T%e !nt!+onist e))ect is !ssoci!ted wit% up-re+ul!tion o) receptors, Once t%e dru+ is wit%dr!wn !bruptl*' !d$erse re!ctions (!* occur due to t%e up-re+ul!tion o) t%e receptors, A4 .
Ond!nsetron is !n !nt!+onist !t t%e 5-%*dro-*tr*pt!(ine receptor 55;T3 !nt!+onist7 wit%in t%e serotoner+ic s*ste(, Cinn!ri2ine' pro(et%!2ine !nd bet!%istine !re !nti%ist!(ines, ;*oscine is !n !nti(usc!rinic !+ent, A5 A
Holu(e o) distribution is !n i(port!nt p!r!(eter in clinic!l p%!r(!cokinetics, Ft describes t%e !pp!rent distribution o) t%e dru+ in t%e bod*, Ft re)ers to t%e 21 9
226 Test 51 Answers
)luid $olu(e re uired to cont!in t%e dru+ in t%e bod* !t t%e s!(e concentr!-tion !s in blood or pl!s(!, A6 C
&ort* (illi+r!(s !re !$!il!ble in 1 (3Q 136 (+ !re t%ere)ore !$!il!ble in 3,25 (3 5136L467, A7 .
:i+%teen (icro+r!(s !re e ui$!lent to 6,61" (illi+r!(s, A8 .
T%e solution cont!ins 6,5 + in 166 (3' M wL$ is 6,5, A9 C
Fn 166 (3 o) t%e 16M !((oni! solution' 16 + o) !((oni! !re !$!il!ble, ;ence in 566 (3' 56 + !re present 5566 16L1667, T%ere)ore w%en 566 (3 o) solution !re diluted to 1666 (3' 56 + !re present in 1666 (3, T%e M$L$ is 5 5166 56L16667, A10 A T%e !ppropri!te dose )or ! c%ild wei+%in+ 25 k+ is 1"7,5 (+ 57,5 257' w%ic% is e ui$!lent to 6,19 +,
A11 . Fn 66 (3 o) ! 16 (+L(3 !(itript*line solution' 666 (+ o) !(itript*line !re present, T%ere)ore 24 t!blets !re re uired to (!ke up t%is solution 5666L257,
Test 51 Answers 221
A12 0 T%ree %undred (illilitres !re !d(inistered o$er 366 (inutes resultin+ in ! 1 (3L(in !d(inistr!tion r!te, A13 . Oint(ents !re +re!s* prep!r!tions t%!t !re usu!ll* insoluble in w!ter !nd !re (ore occlusi$e t%!n cre!(s, T%ese c%!r!cteristics (!ke t%e( suit!ble )or c%ronic' dr* lesions, A14 A 0!clo)en is ! skelet!l (uscle rel!-!nt, 8!lo-one is !n !nt!+onist )or centr!l !nd respir!tor* depression, 9robenecid is ! uricosuric dru+, Orp%en!drine !nd tri%e-*p%enid*l !re !nti(usc!rinic !+ents used in p!rkinsonis(, A15 : Cl!rit%ro(*cin is ! (!crolide dru+, Absorption o) cl!rit%ro(*cin is not !))ected b* (ilk' iron or 2inc,
8or)lo-!cin is !
uinolone !nd t%e ot%er products !re
tetr!c*clines, Absorption o) nor)lo-!cin !nd tetr!c*clines (!* be !))ected i) t!ken !t t%e s!(e ti(e !s (ilk or (edicines cont!inin+ iron or 2inc, A16 A C%olest!sis is inter)erence wit% t%e )low o) bile, T%is results in build-up in t%e li$er o) products t%!t !re usu!ll* e-creted in bile, T%ese products include !lk!line p%osp%!t!se 5A397,
222 Test 51 Answers
A17 C #!ised le$els o) low-densit* lipoprotein 53.37 c%olesterol !re !ssoci!ted wit% %*perlipid!e(i!, A18 0 ;ep!titis is !n in)l!((!tor* condition o) t%e li$er c%!r!cterised b* %ep!to-cellul!r necrosis, Fn t%e !cute p%!se' t%is results in l!r+e ele$!tions in !l!nine tr!ns!(in!se 5A3T7 !nd !sp!rt!te tr!ns!(in!se 5AST7, :le$!tions in !lk!line p%osp%!t!se 5A397 !re sli+%t, A19 . ;i+%-densit* lipoprotein 5;.37 is ! c!rrier t%!t t!kes up c%olesterol )ro( loc!l sites, A20 : Co-tri(o-!2ole is ! (i-ture o) !ntib!cteri!l !+ents t%!t cont!ins tri(et%opri( !nd sul)!(et%o-!2ole, Cotri(o-!2ole is !ssoci!ted wit% r!re but serious sidee))ects' includin+ blood disorders suc% !s neutropeni!' t%ro(boc*topeni!' !+r!nuloc*tosis !nd purpur!, &or t%is
re!son' co-tri(o-!2ole s%ould be used wit% c!ution or is !$oided in p!tients wit% blood disorders, A21 C Codeine is !n opioid dru+ t%!t in l!r+e doses (!* c!use respir!tor* depression, &or t%is re!son' it s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% decre!sed respir!tor* reser$e,
Test 51 Answers 223
A22 0 Col(itript!n is ! 5;T1-!+onist t%!t is used !s !n !nti(i+r!ine dru+, 5;T1-!+onists (!* c!use coron!r* $!soconstriction' w%ic% (!* present !s c%est ti+%tness !nd' on r!re occ!sions' it (!* result in se$ere c!rdio$!scul!r e$ents, &or t%is re!son' t%is cl!ss o) dru+s is contr!indic!ted in isc%!e(ic %e!rt dise!se, A23 A Alendron!te is ! bip%osp%on!te dru+ t%!t is used in t%e (!n!+e(ent oesop%!+e!l o) osteo-porosis, suc% Ft (!* !s precipit!te re!ctions oesop%!+itis'
oesop%!+e!l ulcers !nd oesop%!+e!l erosions, &or t%is re!son' it is used wit% c!ution or (!* be contr!indic!ted in !cti$e +!strointestin!l bleedin+, A24 . C*clic !denosine (onop%osp%!te 5c*clic A497 in t%e bronc%i!l !irw!*s results in in%ibition o) rele!se o) in)l!((!tor* (edi!tors suc% !s %ist!(ine !nd t%is in turn results in bronc%odil!t!tion, A25 0
An+iotensin FF is con$erted )ro( !n+iotensin F b* !n+iotensin-con$ertin+ en2*(es, An+iotensin F is )or(ed )ro( !n+iotensino+en' ! protein produced b* t%e li$er, An+iotensin FF sti(ul!tes !ldosterone rele!se )ro( t%e !dren!l +l!nd, A26 C 0r!d*kinin is produced t%rou+% ! proteol*tic re!ction b* in?ured tissues !s ! (edi!tor o) in)l!((!tion, 0r!d*kinin produces $!sodil!tion resultin+ in
224 Test 51 Answers
incre!sed c!pill!r* per(e!bilit* !nd oede(!, Ft is broken down b* !n+iotensin-con$ertin+ en2*(es, A27 0 An+iotensin FF is ! $!soconstrictor t%!t c!uses ! rise in blood pressure, A28 : Subst!nce 9 is ! pol*peptide t%!t !cts !s ! neurotr!ns(itter in p!in tr!ns-(ission !nd initi!tes processes t%!t result in t%e rele!se o) pro-in)l!((!tor* !+ents suc% !s leukotrienes !nd prost!+l!ndins, A29 A @*lo(et!2oline is ! s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ent t%!t is !$!il!ble !s ! topic!l !ppli-c!tion in t%e )or( o) n!s!l drops or ! spr!* )or n!s!l con+estion !nd in e*e drops )or !ller+ic con?uncti$itis, A30 C 9ro(et%!2ine is ! sed!tin+ !nti%ist!(ine t%!t (!* be
used in t%e (!n!+e-(ent o) inso(ni!, A31 C 9ro(et%!2ine is !n !nti%ist!(ine t%!t (!* be used !s ! prop%*l!ctic !+ent in (otion sickness,
Test 51 Answers 225
A32 C .ipi$e)rine is ! pro-dru+ o) !dren!line t%!t presents (ore r!pid penetr!tion t%rou+% t%e corne! t%!n !dren!line 5epinep%rine7, Ft is used !s ! s*(p!t%o-(i(etic !+ent in t%e tre!t(ent o) +l!uco(!, Ft reduces production o) ! ueous %u(our !nd incre!ses out)low t%rou+% t%e tr!becul!r (es%, A33 A 3!t!noprost is ! prost!+l!ndin !n!lo+ue t%!t is !$!il!ble !s ! topic!l !+ent )or t%e tre!t(ent o) +l!uco(!, Ft incre!ses out)low !nd results in ! reduction in intr!ocul!r pressure, A34 C S*(p!t%o(i(etics dil!te t%e pupil' ! (*dri!tic !ction, Conse uentl* dipi$e-)rine (!* precipit!te !n+le-closure +l!uco(! in susceptible persons, &or t%is re!son' dipi$e)rine is contr!indic!ted in p!tients wit% !n+le-closure +l!uco(!, A35 : 9iloc!rpine is ! (iotic !+ent !nd %ence c!uses ! s(!ll
pupil e))ect, Ft is used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) +l!uco(! but t%e (iotic e))ect is !n unw!nted side-e))ect t%!t (!* c!use disco()ort bec!use o) reduced $isu!l !cuit*' reduced ni+%t $ision !nd )ront!l %e!d!c%e, A36 A .i!betes is ! (et!bolic disorder t%!t (!* %!$e !n insidious onset' especi!ll* )or t*pe 2 di!betes, S*(pto(s rel!ted to %*per+l*c!e(i! include pol*uri! 5e-cessi$e urine production7 !nd pol*dipsi! 5e-cessi$e t%irst7, Ine-pl!ined wei+%t loss c!used b* i(p!ired +lucose utilis!tion is !not%er presentin+ s*(pto( o) di!betes' especi!ll* t*pe 1 di!betes,
226 Test 51 Answers
A37 A Obesit* is co((on in t*pe 2 di!betes' w%ic% usu!ll* presents in l!ter li)e' w%ere!s t*pe 1 di!betes is !ssoci!ted wit% e!rl* !+e !t onset !nd wit% wei+%t loss, Obesit* %!s ! be!rin+ on t%e (!n!+e(ent o) t%e condition, Fn p!tients wit% t*pe 2 di!betes w%o c!n be (!n!+ed b* or!l !ntidi!betics' (et)or(in is used bec!use it does not c!use wei+%t +!in, Fn p!tients re uirin+ insulin' obesit* (!* c!use insulin resist!nce re uirin+ %i+%er doses, Obesit* is cl!ssi-)ied !ccordin+ to t%e bod* (!ss inde- 504F7, A38 A Albu(in is ! protein t%!t is usu!ll* present in tr!ce !(ounts in t%e urine, Albu-(inuri! is t%e presence in t%e urine o) !bnor(!ll* l!r+e u!ntities o) !lbu(in !nd is ! t*pe o) proteinuri!, Ft is ! pro+nostic (!rker )or t%e de$elop(ent o) ren!l disorders !ssoci!ted wit% )iltr!tion proble(s' w%ic% (!* occur !s ! conse uence o) di!betes 5di!betic nep%rop!t%*7 !nd %*pertension, A39 .
:str!diol is !n oestro+en !nd it (!* c!use +lucose intoler!nce, A40 A Sorbitol is ! (onos!cc%!ride t%!t is used !s ! sweetener in ener+*-reduced di!betic )oods, Ft %!s %!l) t%e sweetenin+ power o) sucrose, Ft is poorl* !bsorbed )ro( t%e +!strointestin!l tr!ct, ;owe$er' once !bsorbed it is (et!bolised to )ructose !nd +lucose, Ft does not o))er bene)its o$er sucrose in wei+%t reduction diets bec!use t%e !(ounts used to !c%ie$e t%e e ui$!lent sweetenin+ e))ect !re +re!ter !nd it still c!rries c!lori)ic content, T%e int!ke o) sorbitol (!* be !ssoci!ted wit% di!rr%oe!,
Test 51 Answers 227
A41 C O(e+!-3 )!tt* !cids !re use)ul in t%e tre!t(ent o) se$ere %*pertri+l*cerid-!e(i! !nd (!* be used !s !n !d?unct to diet or to dru+ t%er!p*, T%e* !re )ound in )is% oils !nd !re !$!il!ble !s c!psules or li uid )or or!l !d(inis-tr!tion, A42 A C%lorpro(!2ine is !n !lip%!tic p%enot%i!2ine t%!t is !ssoci!ted wit% pronounced sed!ti$e !nd (oder!te !nti(usc!rinic e))ects 5suc% !s urin!r* retention !nd constip!tion7 !nd e-tr!p*r!(id!l e))ects 5suc% !s t!rdi$e d*s-kinesi!7, Older p!tients (!* be (ore prone to de$elop t%ese side-e))ects bec!use o) prost!tic %*perpl!si! 5in (!les7' err!tic diet' reduced (obilit* !nd p!rkinsonis(' !nd ot%er dru+s t%!t precipit!te e-tr!p*r!(id!l e))ects, Older p!tients !re !lso (ore susceptible to %*potension, A43 A .*sp%!+i! is ! condition w%ere t%e p!tient presents wit% di))icult* in sw!llow-in+, Ft (!* be !ssoci!ted wit% disorders o) t%e ner$ous s*ste(' suc% !s 9!rkin-sonDs dise!se !nd cerebro$!scul!r !ccidents 5stroke7,
Al2%ei(erDs dise!se is ! condition !ssoci!ted wit% pro+ressi$e de(enti!, A44 C T%e clinic!l present!tion o) lun+ c!ncer $!ries but cou+% is usu!ll* ! pri(!r* s*(pto(, T%e tu(our (!* le!d to e-cess sputu( production in t%e bronc%i!l tree le!din+ to w%ee2in+, ;!e(opt*sis 5blood-st!ined sputu(7 (!* !lso occur, A45 . 9!ro-etine is ! selecti$e serotonin re-upt!ke in%ibitor 5SS#F7 used in depress-i$e illness !nd !n-iet* disorders, Abrupt wit%dr!w!l s%ould be !$oided bec!use it is !ssoci!ted wit% s*(pto(s t%!t include %e!d!c%e' n!use!' p!r!est%esi!' di22iness !nd !n-iet*, 9!ro-etine s%ould not be used in ! (!nic p%!se bec!use it (!* precipit!te t%e disorder' !nd s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) (!ni!, SS#Fs !re less c!rdioto-ic t%!n ot%er !ntidepress!nts' suc% !s t%e tric*clic !ntidepress!nts 5TCAs7, T%e* s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) (*oc!rdi!l in)!rction but t%e* !re pre)erred to TCAs, A46 : S!l(onellosis is ! +!strointestin!l tr!ct in)ection c!used b* -almonella species, T%e uinolone cipro)lo-!cin or tri(et%opri( !re t%e reco((ended !ntib!cter-i!l !+ents
used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) s!l(onellosis, A47 : 4enin+ococc!l (enin+itis is ! (edic!l e(er+enc*, Ft is ! condition c!used b* t%e or+!nis( 2eisseria meningitidis, To pre$ent t%e spre!d o) in)ection' people w%o !re in close cont!ct wit% p!tients presentin+ wit% (enin+ococc!l (enin+itis prop%*l!ctic reco((ended (enin+itis ce)tri!-one, A48 0 .e-!(et%!sone +lucocorticoid is ! corticosteroid but wit% wit% %i+% !re prescribed )or !ntib!cteri!l T%e o) !+ents )or (!n!+e(ent, include !ntib!cteri!l cipro)lo-!cin !+ents !nd
prop%*l!-is ri)!(picin'
(enin+ococc!l
!cti$it*
insi+ni)ic!nt
(iner!locorticoid !cti$it*, Ft is !ssoci!ted wit% less )luid retention w%en used !t %i+% doses' co(p!red wit% products wit% (iner!locorticoid
!cti$it*, Ft (!* be used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) cerebr!l oede(! !ssoci!ted wit% (!li+n!nc*, .elt!cortril cont!ins prednisolone' !not%er corticosteroid, A49 0 A!- re(o$!l prep!r!tions cont!in oil-b!sed products' suc% !s !r!c%is oil' or or+!nic products' suc% !s p!r!dic%loroben2ene, 0en2*l ben2o!te is !n irrit!nt t%!t is used in t%e tre!t(ent o) sc!bies, A50 A Topic!l !nti-in)l!((!tor* prep!r!tions )or ocul!r use include !nt!2oline !nd e(ed!stine 5!nti%ist!(ines7 !nd bet!(et%!sone 5corticosteroid7, A51 0 .urin+ pre+n!nc* !nd in c%ild%ood' c!lciu( re uire(ents !re rel!ti$el* +re!ter t%!n durin+ !dult *e!rs, C!lciu( diet!r* int!ke is i(port!nt, .urin+ di!rr%oe!' s!lts !nd w!ter !re lost, ;owe$er' c!lciu( diet!r* re uire(ents do not $!r*, A52 . Cl!rit%ro(*cin is ! (!crolide !ntib!cteri!l !+ent, Ft s%ould not be !d(inis-tered conco(it!ntl* wit% si($!st!tin 5lipidre+ul!tin+ dru+' st!tin7 bec!use it incre!ses risk o)
(*op!t%* !ssoci!ted wit% si($!st!tin, A53 A 9roc%lorper!2ine is ! piper!2ine p%enot%i!2ine t%!t is used in n!use! !nd $o(itin+' $erti+o' l!b*rint%ine disorders' sc%i2op%reni! !nd ot%er ps*c%oses, Ft is !ssoci!ted wit% e-tr!p*r!(id!l s*(pto(s !nd t%e )re uenc* o) t%ese side-e))ects is +re!ter wit% piper!2ine p%enot%i!2ines t%!n wit% !lip%!tic !nd piper-!2ine p%enot%i!2ines, .rowsiness (!* occur wit% p%enot%i!2ines' includin+ proc%lorper!2ine, A54 0 Clo(ipr!(ine is ! tric*clic !ntidepress!nt t%!t s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% c!rdi!c dise!se bec!use it is !ssoci!ted wit% c!rdio$!scul!r side-e))ects' suc% !s !rr%*t%(i!s' t!c%*c!rdi! !nd s*ncope, Antidepress!nt t%er!p* in older p!tients is !ssoci!ted wit% %*pon!tr!e(i! s*(pto(s' includin+ drowsiness' con)usion !nd con$ulsions, T%*ro-ine is used !s ! t%*roid %or(one in %*pot%*roidis(, Ft s%ould be used wit% c!ution in older persons !nd in p!tients wit% c!rdi!c dise!se bec!use tre!t(ent (!* precipit!te c!rdio-$!scul!r e$ents includin+ !n+in!l p!in' !rr%*t%(i!s !nd t!c%*c!rdi!, 9erindo-pril is !n !n+iotensin-con$ertin+ en2*(e in%ibitor t%!t (!* be used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) %e!rt )!ilure,
A55 C Fnd!p!(ide is ! t%i!2ide-rel!ted diuretic used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) %*per-tension, A c%!r!cteristic o) ind!p!(ide is t%!t it c!uses less !++r!$!tion o) di!betes (ellitus t%!n t%i!2ide diuretics, Fnd!p!(ide is not contr!indic!ted in di!betic p!tients, As ! diuretic' ind!p!(ide results in in%ibition o) sodiu( !nd w!ter re!bsorption resultin+ in ! reduction in circul!tin+ )luid $olu(e, Fnd!p!(ide is presented !s t!blets !nd (odi)iedrele!se t!blets, A56 0 H!lpro!te !nd +!b!pentin !re !nti-epileptic !+ents, H!lpro!te is reco(-(ended !s ! )irst-line dru+ in di))erent present!tions o) epileps* w%ere!s +!b!pentin is usu!ll* reser$ed )or second-line tre!t(ent, ;!loperidol is ! but*rop%enone !ntips*c%otic !+ent wit% !nti-e(etic !cti$ities, Ft is used in sc%i2op%reni! !nd rel!ted ps*c%oses' !n-iet* disorders' n!use! !nd $o(itin+' p!rticul!rl* !ssoci!ted wit% dru+ t%er!p* in p!lli!ti$e c!re, As wit% ot%er !ntips*c%otics' it (!* lower t%e con$ulsion t%res%oldQ %!loperidol s%ould be used wit% c!ution or !$oided in p!tients wit% epileps*, A57 0 :-tr!$!s!tion occurs w%en dru+s' wit% eit%er !n !cidic or !lk!line p; or wit% !n os(ol!rit* +re!ter t%!n pl!s(!' le!k )ro( t%e $eins durin+ intr!$enous !d(inistr!tion into
t%e subcut!neous or subder(!l tissues, Ft c!uses se$ere loc!l tissue necrosis, ;*drocortisone (!* be !d(inistered !t t%e site o) e-tr!$!s!tion or intr!$enousl* to counter!ct t%e in)l!((!tion occurrin+ wit% e-tr!$!s!tion, Fn)luen2! $!ccine is !d(inistered !s ! subcut!neous or intr!(uscul!r in?ection !nd is not !ssoci!ted wit% e-tr!$!s!tion, A58 A 0leo(*cin' do-orubicin !nd (ito-!ntrone !re c*toto-ic !ntibiotics, A59 : 3e$ocetiri2ine is !n iso(er o) cetiri2ine, Ft is !n !nti%ist!(ine t%!t (!* be reco((ended to+et%er wit% topic!l or s*ste(ic !d(inistr!tion o) s*(p!t%o-(i(etic !+ents in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) n!s!l !ller+*, T%e dos!+e re+i(en )or !dults !nd c%ildren o$er 6 *e!rs is one 5 (+ t!blet d!il*, A60 . Co-!(o-icl!$ is ! (i-ture o) !(o-icillin !nd cl!$ul!nic !cid, Ft is !$!il!ble !s Au+(entin 625 (+ t!blets t%!t c!n be +i$en to !dults !t ! dosin+ sc%edule o) twice d!il*, Ce)t!2idi(e is ! cep%!losporin t%!t is onl* !$!il!ble )or p!renter!l !d(inistr!tion, &luclo-!cillin is ! penicillin!seresist!nt penicillin t%!t is !d(inistered to !dults !t ! dosin+ sc%edule o) e$er* 6 %,
A61 0 Topic!l corticosteroids !re used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) ec2e(! bec!use t%e* reduce t%e in)l!((!tor* response, ;*drocortisone' w%ic% is ! (ild steroid' is usu!ll* t%e )irstline !+ent, ;*drocortisone but*r!te is ! potent steroid t%!t (!* be used s%ort-ter( in !cute )l!re-ups to brin+ t%e condition under control, A62 C Terbin!)ine is !n !ll*l!(ine deri$!ti$e used !s !n !nti)un+!l !+ent, Ft %!s )un+i-cid!l !cti$it* !+!inst der(!top%*tes, Ft is used in t%e tre!t(ent o) der(!top%*te in)ections o) t%e skin !nd n!ils !nd in rin+wor( in)ections, Ft is not indic!ted )or topic!l or s*ste(ic use in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) $!+in!l c!ndidi-!sis, A63 C Anti%ist!(ines !d(inistered topic!ll* (!* be used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) n!s!l !ller+ies, T%e* re(o$e t%e s*(pto(s o) r%inorr%oe!' itc%in+ !nd snee2in+ but not n!s!l obstruction, A64 0 ;!loperidol is !n !ntips*c%otic !+ent t%!t is use)ul in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) sc%i2op%reni!' ps*c%o(otor !+it!tion' e-cite(ent !nd $iolent or d!n+erousl* i(pulsi$e
be%!$iour, Ft is !ssoci!ted wit% ! %i+% incidence o) e-tr!p*r!(id!l e))ects !nd tends to c!use less %*potension t%!n c%lorpro(!2ine, A65 . A(itript*line is ! tric*clic !ntidepress!nt t%!t in%ibits neuron!l re-upt!ke o) nor!dren!line in t%e centr!l ner$ous s*ste(, F(ipr!(ine is ! less sed!tin+
Test 51 Answers 233
!ntidepress!nt !nd !+it!ted, A66 C
t%!n
!(itript*line,
Conse uentl*
!(itript*line (!* be pre)erred in p!tients w%o !re !n-ious
Clo2!pine is !n !t*pic!l !ntips*c%otic c%!r!cteristic!ll* !ssoci!ted wit% )ewer e-tr!p*r!(id!l s*(pto(s t%!n t%e ot%er !ntips*c%otics, ;owe$er' clo2!pine c!n c!use !+r!nuloc*tosis !nd )or t%is re!son its use is restricted w%en ot%er tre!t(ent options %!$e )!iled, A67 : Fron-de)icienc* !n!e(i! is due to in!de u!te iron suppl* or to iron loss, C%!r!cteristic s*(pto(s o) !n!e(i! !re )!ti+ue' +ener!l we!kness' drowsi-ness !nd p!llor, >lucose-6-p%osp%!te de%*dro+en!se 5>69.7 de)icienc* (!* c!use %!e(ol*tic !n!e(i!' w%ic% is c%!r!cterised b* incre!sed destruction o) red blood cells, A68 0 Ant!cid prep!r!tions pro$ide e))ecti$e !nd i((edi!te relie) )ro( ! +!stric ulcer, 3i uid )or(ul!tions %!$e ! )!ster onset o) !ction, ;owe$er' !nt!cids do not pro$ide
!n* %e!lin+ o) t%e condition, T%e* !re (ost e))ecti$e w%en t!ken 1 % !)ter )ood, A69 A #ep!+linide is ! (e+litinide !n!lo+ue used !s !n !ntidi!betic !+ent, Ft sti(ul!tes insulin rele!se, Ft s%ould be !d(inistered !t (e!l ti(es bec!use it %!s ! r!pid onset !nd ! s%ort dur!tion o) !cti$it*, Ft is intended to sti(ul!te post-pr!ndi!l insulin secretion so !s to decre!se pe!kin+ o) blood-+lucose !)ter (e!ls' !nd t%us !$oid %*per+l*c!e(i!,
234 Test 51 Answers
A70 0 T%e Gecono(*-cl!ss s*ndro(eD is ! condition w%ereb* deep-$ein t%ro(bosis 5.HT7 le!din+ to pul(on!r* e(bolis( is !ssoci!ted wit% prolon+ed tr!$el, T%e risk incre!ses wit% i((obilit*' e-cess !lco%ol consu(ption !nd de%*dr!tion, A71 . A(lodipine is ! di%*drop*ridine c!lciu(-c%!nnel blocker wit% ! lon+ dur!tion o) !ction, C!lciu(-c%!nnel blockers c!use perip%er!l !nd coron!r* $!sodil!-tion, T%is !cti$it* (!* le!d to unw!nted e))ects !ssoci!ted wit% perip%er!l $!sodil!tion' suc% !s !nkle oede(! !nd )lus%in+, A72 0 3oper!(ide is !n opioid dru+ used !s !n !nti(otilit* !+ent )or t%e (!n!+e-(ent o) di!rr%oe!, Ft does not penetr!te t%e bloodEbr!in b!rrier !nd %ence it is $er* unlikel* to be !ssoci!ted wit% centr!l opioid e))ects suc% !s respir!tor* depression, ;owe$er' loper!(ide is not reco((ended )or use in c%ildren under 4 *e!rs, #e%*dr!tion t%er!p* s%ould be t%e (!inst!* o) t%er!p* in c%ildren,
A73 C ;*perbilirubin!e(i! is t%e condition o) incre!sed le$els o) bilirubin in pl!s(!, Ft +i$es rise to ?!undice' w%ic% c%!r!cteristic!ll* presents wit% pruritus, <!undice is t%e *ellow discolor!tion o) skin' scler! !nd (ucous (e(br!nes, A74 0 8eutropeni! is ! decre!sed nu(ber o) neutrop%ils, S*(pto(s o) !cute neutropeni! !re )e$er' sore t%ro!t !nd p!in)ul (ucos!l ulcers, 8eutropeni!
Test 51 Answers 235
(!* be dru+-induced, Co-tri(o-!2ole' w%ic% consists o) tri(et%opri( !nd sul)!(et%o-!2ole' (!* precipit!te blood disorders' includin+ neutropeni!, A75 . T%e !d(inistr!tion o) corticosteroids b* in%!l!tion is !ssoci!ted wit% or!l c!ndidi!sis, T%e use o) ! sp!cer decre!ses t%e deposit o) beclo(et!sone on t%e or!l (ucos! !nd t%ere)ore lowers risk o) or!l c!ndidi!sis, 9roper %*+iene o) t%e sp!cer is re uired, Ft s%ould be cle!ned once ! (ont% b* w!s%in+ wit% ! (ild deter+ent' rinsed !nd le)t to dr* in !ir, A76 0 Fn c%ildren ! (etered-dose in%!ler wit% ! sp!cer is pre)erred to bre!t%-!ctu!ted in%!lers, F(proper respir!tor* )unction (!* le!d to di))iculties in usin+ bre!t%-!ctu!ted in%!lers, T%e !d$!nt!+e o) bre!t%-!ctu!ted in%!lers is t%!t t%ere is no need to coordin!te !ctu!tion wit% in%!l!tion !s is necess!r* wit% (etered-dose in%!lers, T%e dis!d$!nt!+e o) (etered-dose in%!lers is o$erco(e t%rou+% t%e use o) ! sp!cer, A77 0
A %or(one repl!ce(ent t%er!p* 5;#T7 t%!t cont!ins oestro+en co(ponent !lone is suit!ble )or continuous t%er!p* in wo(en wit%out ! uterus, Fn wo(en wit% ! uterus' ! pro+esto+en co(ponent )or !t le!st t%e l!st 12E 14 d!*s o) t%e c*cle' to reduce t%e risk o) endo(etri!l c!ncer' is reco((ended, ;#T prep!r!tions !re !ssoci!ted wit% ! +re!ter risk o) $enous t%ro(boe(bolis( !nd stroke, A78 : Orp%en!drine is !n !nti(usc!rinic !+ent t%!t (!* be used in p!rkinsonis(, Ft is use)ul in dru+-induced p!rkinsonis( but in idiop!t%ic dise!se it %!s !
236 Test 51 Answers
(oder!te e))ect in reducin+ s*(pto(s o) tre(or !ssoci!ted wit% t%e condition, 3e$odop! is considered t%e (!inst!* o) tre!t(ent in elderl* p!tients wit% 9!rkinsonDs dise!se, Side-e))ects o) orp%en!drine include dr* (out%' +!stro-intestin!l disturb!nces' di22iness' blurred $ision !s well !s con)usion' e-cite-(ent !nd !+it!tion, A79 . Osteoporosis is ! (et!bolic bone dise!se t%!t occurs in (!les !nd )e(!lesQ %owe$er' it is (ore co((on in wo(en, Ft is rel!ted to oestro+en le$els1 decre!sed le$els' suc% !s durin+ t%e (enop!use' !re !ssoci!ted wit% !n incre!sed risk o) osteoporosis, A80 0 .o(peridone is ! dru+ used in n!use! !nd $o(itin+, Ft !cts !t t%e c%e(o-receptor tri++er 2oneQ its !d$!nt!+e is t%!t it does not re!dil* cross t%e bloodE br!in b!rrier, Ft is less likel* to c!use t%e centr!l e))ects' suc% !s sed!tion !nd d*stonic re!ctions' t%!t (!* be e-pected wit% ot%er dru+s used in t%e (!n!+e-(ent o) n!use! !nd $o(itin+' suc% !s (etoclopr!(ide !nd proc%lorper!2ine, .o(peridone (!* be !d(inistered t%ree to )our ti(es
d!il*, A81 A T%e c%e(ic!l structure corresponds to !tenolol' ! bet!!drenoceptor blockin+ !+ent, A82 A Atenolol is used in %*pertension' !n+in! !nd !rr%*t%(i!s,
Test 51 Answers 237
A83 0 Atenolol !cts b* blockin+ t%e bet!-!drenoceptor receptors in t%e c!rdio$!scu-l!r s*ste(, 0et!-!drenoceptor blockers inter)ere wit% t%e s*(p!t%etic ner$ous s*ste( t%!t is in$ol$ed wit% c!rbo%*dr!te (et!bolis(, 0et!!drenoceptor blockers inter)ere wit% c!rbo%*dr!te (et!bolis( !nd insulin re+ul!tion, &or t%is re!son' t%e* s%ould be used wit% c!ution in di!betes bec!use t%e* (!* precipit!te %*po+l*c!e(i! !nd %*per+l*c!e(i!, A%en !tenolol is !d(inis-tered wit% bendro)lu(et%i!2ide' !n incre!sed %*potensi$e e))ect (!* occur, ;owe$er' co!d(inistr!tion need not be !$oided, A84 . Side-e))ects to be e-pected include br!d*c!rdi!' %e!rt )!ilure' %*potension' bronc%osp!s( !nd perip%er!l $!soconstriction, A85 : Contr!indic!tions to t%e use o) !tenolol include !st%(!' uncontrolled %e!rt )!ilure' (!rked br!d*c!rdi!' %*potension !nd se$ere perip%er!l !rteri!l dise!se,
A86 0 &ucit%!l(ic cont!ins )usidic !cid' w%ic% is ! n!rrowspectru( !ntib!cteri!l !+ent !cti$e (!inl* !+!inst st!p%*lococc!l in)ections, Ft is presented !s $iscous e*e drops t%!t pro$ide ! sust!ined-rele!se e))ect, A87 C &ucit%!l(ic cont!ins 1 + )usidic !cid in 166 +, T%ere)ore 1 + cont!ins 16 (+ 51666 (+L166 +7,
23" Test 51 Answers
A88 0 T%e p!tient %!s been prescribed two drops twice d!il*, As e-pected wit% !d(inistr!tion o) e*e drops' tr!nsient stin+in+ (!* occur, T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised not to touc% t%e !pplic!tor wit% t%e lower lid (!r+in, A89 A 4icr!l!cont!ins sodiu( citr!te' sodiu(
!lk*lsulp%o!cet!te' sorbic !cid in +l*cerol !nd sorbitol, Ft is !n os(otic l!-!ti$e, A90 0 4icr!l!- is ! (icro-ene(! w%ere e!c% unit presents 5 (3, Ft (!* be used in !dults !nd c%ildren o$er 3 *e!rs !nd is indic!ted in constip!tion, A91 0 0u(et!nide is ! loop diuretic wit% si(il!r !cti$it* to )urose(ide, Ft is r!pid in !ction, .iuresis is dose rel!ted !nd (!* be dr!stic, Ft is indic!ted )or oede(!, A92 :
T%e p!tient %!s been prescribed one 5 (+ t!blet d!il*' w%ic% s%ould be t!ken durin+ t%e d!*, Ft !cts wit%in 1 % !nd i) t!ken !t ni+%t t%e resultin+ diuresis (!* disturb sleep, A93 0 0u(et!nide in%ibits re!bsorption o) s!lts !nd w!ter )ro( t%e loop o) ;enle, ;*pok!l!e(i! (!* de$elop !nd t%ere)ore pot!ssiu( supple(ent!tion is re uired to !$oid t%is condition' w%ic% (!* %!$e serious se uel!e,
Test 51 Answers 239
A94 . &l!+*l cont!ins (etronid!2ole' w%ic% is e))ecti$e !+!inst !n!erobic b!cteri! !nd proto2o! w%ere!s Au+(entin cont!ins co-!(o-icl!$' ! penicillin, T%is co(bin!tion is p!rticul!rl* use)ul in dent!l in)ections w%ere t%ere is ! prob!-bilit* o) (i-ed in)ections wit% !n!erobic species, A95 A T%e p!tient %!s been prescribed Au+(entin t!blets twice d!il* !nd s%ould be !d$ised to t!ke &l!+*l t!blets t%ree ti(es d!il* wit% or !)ter )ood !nd to t!ke t%e t!blets !t re+ul!r inter$!ls, A96 C &l!+*l t!blets 5(etronid!2ole7 !re !$!il!ble !s 266 (+ !nd 466 (+ stren+t%s, A c%!r!cteristic side-e))ect o) (etronid!2ole is t%!t it (!* c!use !n unple!s-!nt t!ste, A97 0 Au+(entin consists o) !(o-icillin !nd cl!$ul!nic !cid' wit% t%e l!tter !ctin+ !s ! bet!-l!ct!(!se in%ibitor, Absorption o) !(o-icillin is not !))ected b* t%e presence o) )ood in t%e
sto(!c%, A98 0 Co-cod!(ol consists o) p!r!cet!(ol !nd codeine !nd (!* be reco((ended to t%is p!tient, All t%e ot%er products su++ested !re non-steroid!l !nti-in)l!(-(!tor* dru+s !nd t%ese !re contr!indic!ted in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) peptic ulcer dise!se,
246 Test 51 Answers
A99 0 3ow-dose !spirin %!s !n !ntipl!telet e))ect bec!use it decre!ses pl!telet !++re-+!tion, Aspirin 75 (+ is !$!il!ble !s enteric co!ted t!blets !nd is +i$en !s ! prop%*l!ctic !+ent in cerebro$!scul!r dise!se or (*oc!rdi!l in)!rction in p!tients w%o !re !t risk' suc% !s t%ose wit% ! %istor* o) coron!r* b*p!ss sur+er*, A100 : Crot!(iton is !n !ntipruritic !+ent t%!t is !$!il!ble )or topic!l !d(inistr!tion, .eslor!tidine is !n !nti%ist!(ine !$!il!ble )or s*ste(ic use, A%ite so)t p!r!))in is used !s ! b!se in ! nu(ber o) prep!r!tions, .i(eticone is used !s !n !nti-)l!tulent !+ent or (!* be included in topic!l b!rrier prep!r!tions, C!lcipotriol is ! $it!(in . !n!lo+ue !nd is used in psori!sis,
Questions
Questions 115 Directions' :!c% o) t%e uestions or inco(plete st!te(ents is )ollowed b* )i$e su++ested !nswers, Select t%e best !nswer in e!c% c!se, Q1 Ait%in t%e p%!r(!ceutic!l industr*' t%e dep!rt(ent w%ic% ensures t%!t t%e )!cilities !nd s*ste(s !dopted !re !de u!te is1 A B C D E Q2 rese!rc% !nd de$elop(ent dep!rt(ent !n!l*tic!l (et%ods dep!rt(ent production dep!rt(ent u!lit* !ssur!nce dep!rt(ent u!lit* control dep!rt(ent
T%e )ollowin+ $it!(ins !re )!t soluble :@C:9T1 A B C D E $it!(in A $it!(in C $it!(in . $it!(in : $it!(in =
Q3 :-cessi$e !lco%ol consu(ption (!* result in !ll o) t%e )ollowin+ :@C:9T1 A B C D : (e(or* i(p!ir(ent $!sodil!tion de%*dr!tion sensiti$it* to li+%t dr* (out% 24
Q4
C!t%ecol-O-(et%*ltr!ns)er!se1 A B C D E is onl* !$!il!ble in t%e br!in c!uses di))usion o) c!tec%ol!(ines into t%e s*n!ptic cle)t c!uses (et%*l!tion o) norepinep%rine c!uses de!(in!tion o) norepinep%rine c!uses %*drol*sis o) norepinep%rine
Q5
A%ic% o) t%e )ollowin+ co(pounds is included wit% le$odop! so t%!t ! lower dose c!n be used to !c%ie$e !n e))ecti$e br!in-dop!(ine concentr!tionB A A C D E per+olide c!rbidop! sele+iline ent!c!pone !(!nt!dine
Q6
;ow (!n* (illilitres o) ! 1 in 566 $L$ solution !re re uired to produce 2 3 o) ! 1 in 1666 $L$ solutionB A B C D E 166 266 566 1666 2666
Q7
;ow (!n* +r!(s o) s!lic*lic !cid !re re uired to prep!re 36 + o) 2M s!lic*lic !cid in ! ueous cre!(B
A B C D E
6,2 6,6 1 2 6
Questions 1E15 243
Q8 C!lcul!te t%e !(ount o) c!l!(ine re uired to prep!re 66 + o) ! cre!( cont!inin+ 16M c!l!(ine' 15M 2inc o-ide' ! ueous cre!( to 166 +1 A B C D E 4 5 6 7 "
Q9 ;ow (!n* (illilitres o) 166 unitsL(3 soluble insulin s%ould be !d(in-istered to !c%ie$e ! dose o) 26 unitsB A B C D E 6,662 6,62 6,2 2 26
Q10 9i$(ecillin!( is prescribed !t 26 (+Lk+ in t%ree di$ided doses, T%e indi$idu!l dose 5(+7 to be !d(inistered to ! p!tient wei+%in+ 12 k+ is1 A B C " "6 246
D E
"66 2466
Q11 &il+r!sti( is !$!il!ble !s 366 J+ per (3 in?ection, A p!tient wit% ! bod* wei+%t o) 95 k+ is prescribed 5 J+Lk+ d!il*, ;ow (!n* (illilitres !re re uired to present t%e d!il* doseB A B C D E 6,1 1 1,5" 15," 15"
Q12 F) disodiu( p!(idron!te 66 (+ is diluted to 256 (3 in sodiu( c%loride solution' t%e (illilitres re uired per (inute to deli$er 66 (+ !t ! r!te o) not (ore t%!n 1 (+L(inute o$er 96 (inutes !re1 A B C D E 1 2 4 6 16
Q13 A p!tient re uires ! dose o) "66 J+ o) dop!(ine, .op!(ine is !$!il-!ble !s !n in?ection cont!inin+ 46 (+L(3, T%e $olu(e in (illilitres o) t%e in?ection re uired is1 A B 6,662 6,62
C D E
6,2 2 26
Questions 16E35 245
Q14 Ait% 36 + o) sodiu( c%loride' t%e nu(ber o) litres o) 6,9M s!line solution t%!t c!n be prep!red !re1 A B C D E 6,63 6,3 3,33 33 336
Q15 A%en 1 (+ o) pot!ssiu( per(!n+!n!te is dissol$ed in 566 (3 w!ter' t%e percent!+e wL$ is1 A B C D E 6,661 6,6662 6,662 6,2 2
Questions 1635 Directions' :!c% +roup o) uestions below consists o) )i$e lettered %e!din+s )ollowed b* ! list o) nu(bered uestions, &or e!c% nu(bered uestion select t%e one %e!din+ t%!t is (ost closel* rel!ted to it, :!c% %e!din+ (!* be used once' (ore t%!n once or not !t !ll, Questions 16E19 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1
A B C D :
per+olide proc%lorper!2ine $enl!)!-ine di!2ep!( lor!2ep!(
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q16 is ! dop!(ine !nt!+onist Q17 is ! s%ort-!ctin+ ben2odi!2epine Q18 is ! nor!dren!line re-upt!ke in%ibitor Q19 is ! dop!(ine receptor !+onist Questions 26E23 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1 A B C D E orlist!t o(epr!2ole do(peridone senn! sibutr!(ine
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e c!n c!use1 Q20 oil* le!k!+e )ro( rectu( Q21 e-tr!p*r!(id!l e))ects Q22 t!c%*c!rdi! Q23 %*pertension
Questions 24E2" concern t%e )ollowin+1 A B C D : bendro)lu(et%i!2ide !(iloride ind!p!(ide spironol!ctone )urose(ide
Questions 16E35
247
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q24 is !n !nt%r!nilic !cid deri$!ti$e wit% ! sul)on!(ide (oiet* Q25 !cts prinicip!ll* !t t%e !scendin+ li(b o) t%e loop o) ;enle Q26 is ! co(petiti$e in%ibitor o) !ldosterone Q27 (!* c!use +*n!eco(!sti! Q28 %!s ! )!st onset o) !ction Questions 29E31 concern t%e )ollowin+ co(pounds1 A B C D E !scorbic !cid s!lic*lic !cid !lu(iniu( c%loride %e-!%*dr!te 2inc o-ide %ep!rinoid
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e %!s t%e )ollowin+ !ction1 Q29 !strin+ent Q30 ker!tol*tic Q31 !ntiperspir!nt Questions 32E35 concern t%e )ollowin+ dru+s1
A B C D :
)lucon!2ole ketocon!2ole itr!con!2ole (icon!2ole n*st!tin
Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e1 Q32 is indic!ted !s )irst-line s*ste(ic tre!t(ent )or onc%o(*cosis in t%e toen!ils Q33 is !$!il!ble !s ! s%!(poo Q34 is not !$!il!ble in solid' or!l dos!+e )or(s Q35 s%ould be !d(inistered wit% c!ution to p!tients !t %i+% risk o) %e!rt )!ilure Questions 3660 Directions' &or e!c% o) t%e uestions below' O8: or 4O#: o) t%e responses is 5!re7 correct, .ecide w%ic% o) t%e responses is 5!re7 correct, T%en c%oose1 A B C D E i) 1' 2 !nd 3 !re correct i) 1 !nd 2 onl* !re correct i) 2 !nd 3 onl* !re correct i) 1 onl* is correct i) 3 onl* is correct .irections su((!rised A 1' 2' 3 0 C . 1 onl* : 3 onl*
1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl*
Q36 .ru+s t%!t (!* c!use ?!undice include1 1 2 3 p!r!cet!(ol clo(ipr!(ine !(o-icillin
Questions 36E66 249
Q37 Ao(en w%o !re t!kin+ ! co(bined or!l contr!cepti$e !re !t !n incre!sed risk o)1 1 2 3 deep-$ein t%ro(bosis durin+ tr!$el )luid retention c%lo!s(!
Q38 .i!2ep!(1 1 2 3 produces !(nesi! (!* produce !n unn!tur!l sleep p!ttern c!uses C8S depression
Q39 Clinic!l )e!tures o) %*per+l*c!e(i! include1 1 2 3 r!pid pulse %*pertension urin!r* retention
Q40 ;*po+l*c!e(i! in p!tients recei$in+ !ntidi!betic tre!t(ent (!* be due to1 1 2 3 o$ere!tin+ in)ection une-pected e-ercise
Q41 3e$ocetiri2ine1 1 is not indic!ted )or use in c%ildren !+ed under
1 *e!r 2 !dult dose is 5 (+ d!il* 3 s%ould be used wit% c!ution in epileps*
Q42 #!bepr!2ole1 1 2 3 (!* (!sk s*(pto(s o) +!stric c!ncer (!* c!use di!rr%oe! !nd !bdo(in!l p!in !s side-e))ects re uires t%ree ti(es d!il* !d(inistr!tion
Q43 3oper!(ide1 1 2 3 slows intestin!l (otilit* is presented in co(bin!tion wit% !tropine s%ould be reco((ended !s ! )irst-line tre!t(ent in (el!en!
Q44 Telit%ro(*cin1 1 2 3 is ! deri$!ti$e o) er*t%ro(*cin is !cti$e !+!inst -treptococcus pneumoniae s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% c!rdio$!scul!r dise!se
Q45 O)lo-!cin1 1 2 3 %!s ! bro!d spectru( o) !cti$it* is !$!il!ble !s !n op%t%!l(ic prep!r!tion does not %!$e !cti$it* !+!inst Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Q46 T%er!peutic e ui$!lents to ce)uro-i(e include1 1 2 3 ce)!clor cipro)lo-!cin clind!(*cin
Q47 4ebend!2ole1 1 2 3 is indic!ted )or roundwor( %!s $o(itin+ !s ! co((on side-e))ect brin+s !bout t%er!peutic !ction t%rou+% reducin+ intestin!l conte nts
Questions 36E66 251
Q48 Fbupro)en1 1 2 3 (!* be used )or p*re-i! in c%ildren s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ren!l i(p!ir(ent s%ould not be used wit% p!r!cet!(ol
Q49 0udesonide1 1 2 3 (!* be reco((ended )or tre!t(ent o) !ller+ic r%initis is !$!il!ble !s ! n!s!l spr!* s%ould not be reco((ended to p!tients w%o %!$e n!s!l pol*ps
Q50 C%oline s!lic*l!te1 1 2 3 is used )or (ild or!l lesions (!* be used in p!edi!tric p!tients o$er 4 (ont%s (!* be !pplied e$er* 36 (inutes
Q51 Topic!l use o) (ep*r!(ine1 1 2 3 (!* c!use sensitis!tion is onl* (!r+in!ll* e))ecti$e s%ould be !$oided in ec2e(!
Q52 4upirocin1 1 2 is ! deri$!ti$e o) )usidic !cid (!* be used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) !n!erobic in)ections 3 is indic!ted )or -tap&ylococcus aureus in)ections
Q53 9o$idone-iodine1 1 2 3 s%ould be !pplied wit% c!re to broken skin (!* be used in preoper!ti$e skin disin)ection is ! p%enol
Q54 T%e !d$ice G.o not tr!ns)er )ro( t%is cont!inerD s%ould be used )or1 1 2 3 +l*cer*l trinitr!te t!blets +l*cer*l trinitr!te tr!nsder(!l p!tc% isosorbide (ononitr!te t!blets
Q55 .ru+s t%!t result in (iosis include1 1 2 3 piloc!rpine c!rb!c%ol tropic!(ide
Q56 >r!du!l wit%dr!w!l o) s*ste(ic corticosteroids is reco((ended1 1 2 3 w%ene$er ! dose o) corticosteroids is !d(inistered w%en tre!t(ent dur!tion %!s been )or 3 weeks or (ore w%en repe!t doses in t%e e$enin+ were +i$en
Q57 Cit!lopr!(1 1 is not reco((ended in p!tients under 1" *e!rs
2 3
(!* c!use n!use! !s ! side-e))ect s%ould not be wit%dr!wn !bruptl*
Q58 4et%!done is1 1 2 3 !n opioid !+onist !ddicti$e onl* !$!il!ble !s solid or!l dos!+e )or(s
Questions 61E"6 253
Q59 Tetr!c*clines t%!t c!n be +i$en on ! once-d!il* dosin+ sc%edule include1 1 2 3 do-*c*cline o-*tetr!c*cline tetr!c*cline
Q60 C*!nocob!l!(in1 1 2 3 (!* be )ound in (ulti$it!(in prep!r!tions is $it!(in 06 d!il* re uire(ents !re 166 (+
Questions 6180 Directions' T%e )ollowin+ uestions consist o) ! st!te(ent in t%e le)t-%!nd colu(n )ollowed b* ! second st!te(ent in t%e ri+%t-%!nd colu(n, .ecide w%et%er t%e )irst st!te(ent is true or )!lse, .ecide w%et%er t%e second st!te(ent is true or )!lse, T%en c%oose1 A i) bot% st!te(ents !re true !nd t%e second st!te(ent is ! correct e-pl!n!tion o) t%e )irst st!te(ent i) bot% st!te(ents !re true but t%e second st!te(ent is 8OT ! correct e-pl!n!tion o) t%e )irst st!te(ent
C D :
i) t%e )irst st!te(ent is true but t%e second st!te(ent is )!lse i) t%e )irst st!te(ent is )!lse but t%e second st!te(ent is true i) bot% st!te(ents !re )!lse
Q61 9!tients t!kin+ c!rbi(!2ole s%ould be !d$ised to report !n* sore t%ro!t, C!rbi(!2ole (!* c!use ! (!rked decre!se in t%e nu(ber o) +r!nulo-c*tes, Q62 4et%*ldop! is ! centr!ll*-!ctin+ !nti%*pertensi$e, 4et%*ldop! (!* c!use depression !s ! side-e))ect, Q63 A di!betic p!tient wit% ! %istor* o) !n+in! is ! c!ndid!te to recei$e si($!st!tin, Si($!st!tin (!* be used )or second!r* pre$ention o) coron!r* e$ents, Q64 .i!betic p!tients !re prone to ulcer!tion in t%e )eet,
.i!betes (!* c!use perip%er!l neurop!t%*, Q65 Aller+ic con?uncti$itis (!* be tre!ted wit% le$oc!b!stine, 3on+-ter( use o) le$oc!b!stine (!* c!use +l!uco(!,
Q66 8icotine repl!ce(ent t%er!p* (!* be !d(inistered !s !n in%!l!tor, T%e in%!l!tor is used w%en t%e ur+e to s(oke occurs, Q67 Tine! pedis %!s ! wide distribution on t%e )oot, F(id!2ole powder )or(u-l!tions !re pre)erred to pro(ote r!pid %e!lin+,
Questions 61E"6 255
Q68 C%ronic b!ck p!in (!* indic!te osteoporosis, Fn osteoporosis %i+% c!lciu( int!ke reduces t%e r!te o) bone loss, Q69 S*ste(ic t%er!p* wit% cipro)lo-!cin (!* precipit!te $ul$o$!+in!l c!ndidi!sis, Hul$o$!+in!l c!ndidi!sis c!n onl* be tre!ted wit% topic!l i(id!2ole prep!r!tions, Q70 Fn p!tients wit% ren!l dise!se' t%e use o) citric !cid !nd its s!lts in urin!r* tr!ct in)ections is not !ssoci!ted wit% !n* se uel!e, T%e use o) t%ese s!lts results in !cidi)ic!tion o) t%e urine, Q71 &olinic !cid is used to counter!ct (et%otre-!teinduced (ucositis, 4et%otre-!te in%ibits di%*dro)ol!te reduct!se, Q72 T%e te(per!ture r!n+e re uired )or ! re)ri+er!tor is 2E"PC, A (edicine indic!ted to be stored in ! re)ri+er!tor (!* be stored in ! deep )ree2er, Q73 T%e ter( G$er* solubleD (e!ns t%!t t%e !ppro-i(!te $olu(e o) sol$ent in (illilitres per +r!( o) solute is less t%!n 1, Onl* $er* soluble !cti$e in+redients !re suit!ble )or )or(ul!tion in in?ect!ble dos!+e )or(s, Q74 Se(i-solid e*e prep!r!tions cont!in one or (ore !cti$e in+redients dissol$ed or dispersed in ! sterile b!se, 8one o) t%e p!rticles in ! se(i-solid e*e prep!r!tion cont!inin+ dispersed solid p!rticles s%ould %!$e ! (!-i(u( di(ension +re!ter t%!n 96 J(,
Q75 9!renter!l prep!r!tions (!* re uire t%e use o) e-cipients, :-cipients (!* be re uired to (!ke t%e prep!r!tion isotonic wit% blood' to !d?ust t%e p;' to incre!se solubilit*' to pre$ent deterior!tion o) t%e !cti$e in+redients or to pro$ide !de u!te !nti(icrobi!l properties, Q76 S*rups s%ould be kept in well-closed cont!iners !nd stored !t te(per!-tures not e-ceedin+ 36PC, 0!cteri!l +rowt% in s*rups (!* occur in cont!iners t%!t !re not well-closed !nd t%!t !re e-posed to te(per!tures o$er 36PC,
Q77 Aro(!tic w!ters s%ould not cont!in !n* tr!ces o) !lco%ol, Aro(!tic w!ters !re s!tur!ted solutions o) $ol!tile oils or ot%er !ro(!tic subst!nces in w!ter, Q78 Aciclo$ir t!blets s%ould be stored !t ! te(per!ture not e-ceedin+ 25PC, Aciclo$ir t!blets s%ould be stored in t%e re)ri+er!tor, Q79 8or!dren!line (!* be substituted )or !dren!line in e*e drops, :pi-nep%rine is !not%er n!(e )or !dren!line, Q80 T%e ter( Gs!lineD is ! code used on sin+le-dose e*e drop cont!iners to indic!te ! 6,9M wL$ solution o) sodiu( c%loride, Codes !re !ppro$ed )or use on sin+le-unit doses o) e*e drops w%ere t%e indi$idu!l cont!iner (!* be too s(!ll to be!r !ll t%e !ppropri!te l!bellin+ in)or(!tion, Questions 8185 T%ese uestions concern t%e )ollowin+ structure1
Q81 T%e structure represents ! dru+ t%!t is ! 5!n71 A B C D : s*(p!t%o(i(etic !nti%ist!(ine c%oliner+ic !+onist !ntic%oliner+ic !+ent serotonin !nt!+onist
Questions "1E"5
257
Q82 An indic!tion )or use is1 A B C D E !st%(! (i+r!ine n!use! !nd $o(itin+ 9!rkinsonDs dise!se (otion sickness
Q83 T%e dru+1 A B C D E !cts pri(!ril* on receptors in t%e perip%er!l s*ste( presents ! l!+ ti(e wit% re+!rds to onset o) !ction s%ould be used wit% c!ution in %*pertension s%ould be !d(inistered !)ter )ood induces diuresis
Q84 Ad$erse re!ctions to be e-pected include1 1 2 3 A B C D E )ine tre(or t!c%*c!rdi! constip!tion 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q85 :ssenti!l )e!tures o) t%e c%e(ic!l structure )or
!cti$it* !re1 1 2 3 !(ino +roup !ro(!tic rin+ )ur!n rin+
A B C D E
1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions 86100 Directions' T%ese uestions in$ol$e prescriptions or p!tient re uests, #e!d t%e prescription or p!tient re uest !nd select t%e best !nswer in e!c% c!se, Questions "6E"71 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Co-!(o-icl!$ 625 (+ t!blets bd ( 26 .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q86 Co-!(o-icl!$1 1 is ! bro!d spectru( !ntib!cteri!l !+ent
2 3 A B C D :
is less susceptible to in!cti$!tion b* bet!l!ct!(!ses !bsorption is $er* li(ited 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions "6E166
259
Q87 T%is )or(ul!tion1 1 2 3 A B C D E consists o) !(o-icillin 625 (+ s%ould not be !d(inistered !t t%e s!(e ti(e !s p!r!cet!(ol is +i$en on ! twice-d!il* dosin+ sc%edule 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions ""E921 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 4etronid!2ole t!blets 466 (+ tds ( 21 .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q88 4etronid!2ole could be1
1 2 3 A B C D :
used )or !n!erobic in)ections used in co(bin!tion wit% cl!rit%ro(*cin used in !ni(!l bites 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q89 4etronid!2ole is !$!il!ble !s1 1 2 3 A B C D E 266 (+ t!blets 466 (+ t!blets ! suspension o) 466 (+L5 (3 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q90 T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised1 1 2 3 A B C D E to !$oid !lco%olic drink to t!ke wit% or !)ter )ood to !$oid e-posure to sunli+%t 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q91 Co((on side-e))ects t%!t could occur include1 1 2 3 A %e!d!c%e unple!s!nt t!ste r!s%es 1' 2' 3
B C D :
1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q92 Si+ni)ic!nt inter!ctions could occur i) (etronid!2ole is !d(inistered concurrentl* wit%1 1 2 3 A B C D E +licl!2ide !tenolol w!r)!rin 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions 93E961 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Si($!st!tin 26 (+ t!blets once d!il* ( 2" .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q93 Si($!st!tin1
1 2 3 A B C D :
lowers concentr!tion lipoprotein c%olesterol incre!ses tri+l*cerides lowers concentr!tion lipoprotein c%olesterol 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
o)
low
densit*
o)
%i+%
densit*
Q94 Si($!st!tin is indic!ted )or second!r* pre$ention o) coron!r* !nd c!rdio$!scul!r e$ents in p!tients wit%1 1 2 3 A B C D E !n+in! !cute (*oc!rdi!l in)!rction %istor* o) stroke 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q95 T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised1 1 2 3 A B C D E to t!ke t%e dose in t%e (ornin+ t%!t +!strointestin!l side-e))ects (!* occur to report (uscle p!in i((edi!tel* 1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Q96 0e)ore st!rtin+ tre!t(ent wit% si($!st!tin t%e )ollowin+ tests s%ould be c!rried out1 1 2 li$er )unction tests t%*roid )unction tests
c%est @-r!*
Questions "6E166
263
A B C D E
1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*
Questions 97E1661 #e!d t%e p!tient re uest, A p!tient w%o is on %olid!* presents wit% !cute constip!tion, ;e %!s %!d t%e s*(pto(s )or t%e p!st 2 d!*s,
&or t%e )ollowin+ products' pl!ce *our order o) pre)erence st!rtin+ wit% 4 )or t%e product t%!t s%ould be reco((ended !s )irst c%oice !nd endin+ wit% 1 )or t%e product t%!t s%ould be reco((ended !s ! l!st c%oice, Q97 3!ctulose Q98 3i uid 9!r!))in Q99 4!+nesiu( Sulp%!te Q100 Senn!
Test 6
Answers
A1
Fn t%e p%!r(!ceutic!l industr*' t%e u!lit* !ssur!nce dep!rt(ent ensures t%!t t%e pl!ntDs )!cilities !nd s*ste(s (eet +ood (!nu)!cturin+ pr!ctice, T%e rese!rc% !nd de$elop(ent dep!rt(ent de$elops new dru+ entities !nd )or(u-l!tions, T%e !n!l*tic!l (et%ods dep!rt(ent works wit% t%e u!lit* control dep!rt(ent to de$elop !nd !n!l*se r!w (!teri!ls' !nd to o$ersee u!lit* durin+ t%e (!nu)!cturin+ process !nd in t%e )inis%ed +oods, T%e production dep!rt(ent prep!res t%e )inis%ed +oods, A2 0
Hit!(in C' !scorbic !cid' is ! w!ter-soluble $it!(in t%!t is re uired )or t%e s*nt%esis o) coll!+en !nd intercellul!r (!teri!l, A3 :
:-cessi$e !lco%ol consu(ption is not !ssoci!ted wit% dr* (out%, :-cessi$e consu(ption (!* c!use (e(or* i(p!ir(ent' $!sodil!tion' de%*dr!tion' sensi-ti$it* to li+%t' %e!d!c%e' incre!sed s!li$!tion !nd d!(!+e to t%e +!stric (ucos!,
A4
C!t%ecol-O-(et%*ltr!ns)er!se 5CO4T7 is !n en2*(e t%!t is in$ol$ed wit% t%e t%e bod*, (et!bolic Ft c!uses tr!ns)or(!tion (et%*l!tion o) o) c!t%ec%ol!(ines' includin+ norepinep%rine, Ft is !$!il!ble t%rou+%out c!tec%ol!(ines, 8or-epinep%rine under+oes (et%*l!tion (edi!ted b* CO4T to nor(et!nep%rine, 26 5
266 Test 61 Answers
A5
C!rbidop! is ! dop!-dec!rbo-*l!se in%ibitor t%!t reduces t%e con$ersion o) le$odop! in t%e perip%er* be)ore it re!c%es t%e br!in, 0* !d(inisterin+ le$odop! wit% c!rbidop!' ! lower dose o) le$odop! is re uired to !c%ie$e !n e))ecti$e br!in-dop!(ine concentr!tion, A6 .
T%e resultin+ 2 3 o) ! 1 in 1666 $L$ solution cont!ins 1 (3L1666 (3, Two (illilitres !re present in 2666 (3 52 37, Fn t%e 1 in 566 $L$ solution' 1 (3 is !$!il!ble in 566 (3' %ence 2 (3 !re !$!il!ble in 1666 (3 5566 27, A7 0
Fn ! 2M (i-ture' 2 + s!lic*lic !cid !re present in 166 +, Fn 36 +' 6,6 + o) s!lic*lic !cid !re re uired 536 2L1667, A8 C
To prep!re 166 + o) t%e cre!(' 16 + o) c!l!(ine !re re uired, To prep!re 66 +' 6 + !re re uired 516 66L1667, A9 C
166 units !re !$!il!ble in 1 (3, Twent* units !re !$!il!ble
in 6,2 (3 526L1667, A10 0 T%e d!il* dose o) pi$(ecillin!( to be !d(inistered is 246 (+ 526 127, Ft is di$ided into t%ree doses o) "6 (+ e!c%,
Test 61 Answers 267
A11 C T%e d!il* dose re uired is 475 J+ 595 57, T%e $olu(e re uired is 1,5" (3 5475L3667, A12 C One (illi+r!( o) disodiu( p!(idron!te is presented in 4,17 (3 5256L667, To !d(inister t%e solution !t ! r!te not e-ceedin+ 1 (+L(inute' not (ore t%!n 4,17 (3L(inute s%ould be deli$ered, .eli$erin+ 4 (3L(inute would result in t%e solution bein+ !d(inistered wit%in 62 (inutes, .ecre!sin+ t%e !(ount o) solution per (inute results in !n !d(inistr!tion ti(e +re!ter t%!n 96 (inutes, A13 0 .op!(ine "66 J+ is e ui$!lent to 6," (+, T%e $olu(e re uired is 6,62 (3 56,"L467, A14 C &or ! 6,9M s!line solution' 6,9 + o) sodiu( c%loride !re present in 166 (3, T%irt* +r!(s o) sodiu( c%loride would be present in 3333,3 (3 536 166L6,97' e ui$!lent to 3,33 3, A15 0
A%en 1 (+ is dissol$ed in 566 (3' 166 (3 o) t%e solution cont!ins 6,2 (+ 5166L5667, T%is is e ui$!lent to 6,6662 + in 166 (3, T%e percent!+e wL$ is 6,6662M,
26" Test 61 Answers
A16 0 9roc%lorper!2ine is ! p%enot%i!2ine !nd it !cts !s ! dop!(ine !nt!+onist, Ft is used in n!use! !nd $o(itin+' $erti+o !nd l!b*rint%ine disorders' ps*c%oses !nd !n-iet*, A17 : 3or!2ep!( is ! s%ort-!ctin+ ben2odi!2epine t%!t is indic!ted )or s%ort-ter( use in inso(ni! or !n-iet*, Ft en%!nces t%e !cti$it* o) +!((!-!(ino-but*ric !cid 5>A0A7, A18 C Henl!)!-ine is ! nor!dren!line !nd serotonin re-upt!ke in%ibitor 5S8#F7 t%!t is used !s !n !ntidepress!nt !+ent in depressi$e illnesses, Ft (!* !lso be used in so(e !n-iet* disorders, A19 A 9er+olide is ! dop!(ine receptor !+onist used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) p!rkin-sonis(,
A20 A Orlist!t is ! lip!se in%ibitor used !s !n !nti-obesit* !+ent, Side-e))ects !ssoci-!ted wit% its !d(inistr!tion include oil* le!k!+e )ro( t%e rectu(' )l!tulence' )!ec!l ur+enc*' li uid or oil* stools' )!ec!l incontinence' !bdo(in!l disten-sion !nd p!in,
Test 61 Answers 269
A21 C .o(peridone is ! dru+ used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) n!use! !nd $o(itin+, #!rel* it c!uses +!strointestin!l disturb!nces suc% !s cr!(pin+ !nd e-tr!p*r!-(id!l e))ects, A22 : Sibutr!(ine is ! centr!ll* !ctin+ !ppetite suppress!nt t%!t in%ibits re-upt!ke o) nor!dren!line !nd serotonin, Sidee))ects o) sibutr!(ine include constip!tion' dr* (out%' n!use!' t!ste disturb!nces' di!rr%oe!' $o(itin+' t!c%*c!rdi!' p!lpit!tions' %*pertension' )lus%in+' inso(ni!' li+%t%e!dedness' p!r!est%esi!' %e!d!c%e' !n-iet* !nd depression, A23 : As sibutr!(ine is ! nor!dren!line re-upt!ke in%ibitor' it (!* c!use %*per-tension !s ! side-e))ect, A24 :
&urose(ide is !n !nt%r!nilic !cid deri$!ti$e wit% ! sul)on!(ide (oiet*, Ft is used !s ! diuretic, A25 : &urose(ide !cts (!inl* !t t%e !scendin+ li(b o) t%e loop o) ;enle' in%ibitin+ re-!bsorption o) w!ter !nd electrol*tes,
276 Test 61 Answers
A26 . Spironol!ctone is ! co(petiti$e !nt!+onist o) !ldosterone' ! (iner!locorticoid !+ent t%!t is responsible )or en%!ncin+ re-!bsorption o) sodiu( !nd secretion o) pot!ssiu(, A27 . As spironol!ctone %!s !nti-!ndro+enic !cti$it*' it (!* c!use +*n!eco(!sti! !s ! side-e))ect, Side-e))ects o) spironol!ctone !lso include +!strointestin!l disturb!nces' i(potence' (enstru!l irre+ul!rities !nd %*perk!l!e(i!, A28 : &urose(ide %!s ! )!st onset o) !ction !ctin+ wit%in 1 % o) or!l !d(inistr!tion, A29 . Cinc o-ide is ! (ild !strin+ent t%!t is used in prep!r!tions )or %!e(orr%oids !nd in topic!l b!rrier prep!r!tions, A30 0 S!lic*lic !cid %!s ker!tol*tic properties !nd is used in t%e
(!n!+e(ent
o)
%*perker!totic
conditions
suc%
!s
$erruc!s' corns !nd c!lluses, A31 C Alu(iniu( s!lts' suc% !s !lu(iniu( c%loride %e-!%*dr!te' %!$e !ntiperspir!nt e))ects w%en !pplied topic!ll*, Ft is used in prep!r!tions intended )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) %*per%idrosis,
Test 61 Answers 271
A32 C Onc%o(*cosis is ! )un+!l n!il in)ection t%!t is di))icult to tre!t, Tre!t(ent dur!tion is lon+, Ftr!con!2ole' ! tri!2ole !nti)un+!l !+ent' presents )un+icid!l concentr!tions in t%e toen!ils resultin+ in clinic!l cle!r!nce o) t%e in)ection, A33 0 =etocon!2ole' !n i(id!2ole !nti)un+!l !+ent' is !$!il!ble !s ! s%!(poo t%!t is indic!ted )or se$ere d!ndru)) !nd seborr%oeic der(!titis !))ectin+ t%e sc!lp, A34 . 4icon!2ole' !n i(id!2ole !nti)un+!l !+ent is !$!il!ble !s +el )or or!l !d(inistr!tion, Ft is not !$!il!ble in solid or!l dos!+e )or(s, A35 C ;e!rt )!ilure %!s been reported !)ter t%e s*ste(ic use o) itr!con!2ole, Ft s%ould be used wit% c!ution in %i+%-risk p!tients' suc% !s t%ose wit% ! %istor* o) c!rdi!c dise!se
or w%o !re t!kin+ ne+!ti$e inotropic dru+s suc% !s c!lciu(-c%!nnel blockers, A36 0 9!r!cet!(ol (!* c!use ?!undice w%en !d(inistered in e-cess o) t%e reco(-(ended p%!r(!cot%er!peutic dose, Clo(ipr!(ine (!* c!use ?!undice !s ! side-e))ect, 9!r!cet!(ol !nd clo(ipr!(ine !re e-tensi$el* (et!bolised in t%e li$er, 9!r!cet!(ol !nd clo(ipr!(ine s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% %ep!tic i(p!ir(ent, A(o-icillin is l!r+el* eli(in!ted b* t%e kidne*,
272 Test 61 Answers
A37 A Tr!$el' especi!ll* lon+-%!ul )li+%ts' is !ssoci!ted wit% !n incre!sed risk o) deep-$ein t%ro(bosis, Ao(en t!kin+ co(bined or!l contr!cepti$es 5COCs7 !re !t !n incre!sed risk o) de$elopin+ deep-$ein t%ro(bosis durin+ tr!$el, &luid retention !nd c%lo!s(! !re side-e))ects t%!t !re e-pected wit% COCs, A38 A .i!2ep!( is ! ben2odi!2epine t%!t (!* produce !(nesi! !s ! side-e))ect, Co((on side-e))ects t%!t (!* occur wit% ben2odi!2epines include drowsiness' sed!tion' (uscle we!kness !nd !t!-i!, T%ese side-e))ects !re due to t%e C8S bec!use depression o) r!pid c!used e*e b* ben2odi!2epines, 5#:47 sleep 0en2odi!2epines induce !n unn!tur!l sleep p!ttern (o$e(ent suppression, A39 . ;*per+l*c!e(i!' w%ic% is r!ised blood +lucose' produces os(otic diuresis, T%is results in ! reduction in )luid $olu(e' w%ic% le!ds to r!pid pulse !nd %*potension, Anot%er clinic!l )e!ture o) %*per+l*c!e(i! is pol*uri!' w%ic% is incre!sed )re uenc* o) urin!tion,
A40 : ;*po+l*c!e(i! is ! decre!sed blood +lucose le$el, Fts occurrence in p!tients recei$in+ !ntidi!betic tre!t(ent (!* be due to e-cessi$e doses o) insulin or or!l !ntidi!betic !+ents !nd une-pected e-ercise, O$ere!tin+ !nd in)ections (!* le!d to %*per+l*c!e(i!, A41 A 3e$ocetiri2ine is ! non-sed!tin+ !nti%ist!(ine t%!t is used in !dults !nd c%ildren o$er 6 *e!rs !t ! dose o) 5 (+ d!il*, Ft is not reco((ended )or use
Test 61 Answers 273
in c%ildren under 1 *e!r, As t%ere %!$e been occ!sion!l reports o) con$ulsions wit% !nti%ist!(ines' t%e* s%ould be used wit% c!ution in epileps*, A42 0 #!bepr!2ole is ! proton pu(p in%ibitor t%!t (!* (!sk s*(pto(s o) +!stric c!ncer bec!use it (!* pro$ide relie) )ro( s*(pto(s o) d*spepsi! !nd +!stro-oesop%!+e!l re)lu- c!used b* c!rcino(!, Side-e))ects o) r!bepr!2ole include +!strointestin!l disturb!nces' suc% !s di!rr%oe! !nd !bdo(in!l p!in, T%e dosin+ )re uenc* is nor(!ll* once d!il*, A43 . 3oper!(ide is !n opioid dru+ used !s !n !nti(otilit* !+ent in t%e (!n!+e-(ent o) di!rr%oe!, 4el!en!' blood in stools' (!* be c!used b* ! per)or!ted ulcer or d!(!+ed in)l!(ed !re!s in t%e +!strointestin!l tr!ct, Ft re uires i((edi!te re)err!l, A44 A Telit%ro(*cin is ! deri$!ti$e o) er*t%ro(*cin t%!t is used !s !n !ntib!cteri!l !+ent !nd %!s ! spectru( o) !cti$it*
si(il!r to (!crolides, Ft is !lso !cti$e !+!inst er*t%ro(*cin-resist!nt -treptococcus pneumoniae, Ft %!s t%e potenti!l to prolon+ t%e QT inter$!l !nd s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% c!rdio$!scul!r dise!se, A45 0 O)lo-!cin is ! uinolone wit% ! bro!d spectru( o) !cti$it* !+!inst >r!(-ne+!ti$e !erobic b!cteri! includin+ Pseudomonas species' >r!(-positi$e !erobic b!cteri! !nd !&lamydia, Ft is !$!il!ble !s !n op%t%!l(ic prep!r!tion !nd !s ! solution )or !d(inistr!tion in t%e e!r,
274 Test 61 Answers
A46 . Ce)uro-i(e !nd ce)!clor !re second-+ener!tion
cep%!losporins w%ic% !re !cti$e !+!inst b!cteri! t%!t !re resist!nt to )irst-+ener!tion cep%!losporins, Cipro)lo-!cin is ! uinolone !ntib!cteri!l !+ent w%ere!s clind!(*cin is !n !ntib!cteri!l !+ent t%!t is !cti$e !+!inst >r!(-positi$e cocci !nd !n!erobes, A47 . 4ebend!2ole is ! ben2i(id!2ole c!rb!(!te deri$!ti$e t%!t is indic!ted )or in)ections wit% t%re!dwor(s' roundwor(s' w%ipwor( !nd %ookwor(, As it is poorl* !bsorbed )ro( t%e +!strointestin!l tr!ct' side-e))ects !re r!re !nd include !bdo(in!l p!in !nd di!rr%oe!, 4ebend!2ole !cts b* in%ibitin+ or destro*in+ c*topl!s(ic (icrotubules in t%e wor(, A48 0 Fbupro)en is ! non-steroid!l !nti-in)l!((!tor* dru+ t%!t c!n be used in c%ildren o) o$er 7 k+ bod* wei+%t !s !n !ntip*retic !nd !n !n!l+esic, Fbupro)en (!* i(p!ir ren!l )unction !nd t%ere)ore it s%ould be used wit% c!ution in
p!tients wit% ren!l i(p!ir(ent, 9!r!cet!(ol is ! nonopioid !n!l+esic wit% !ntip*retic !nd !n!l+esic !ction wit% ! di))erent (ode o) !ction, T%e* c!n be used conco(it!ntl* in reduction o) )e$er or )or !n!l+esi!, A49 0 0udesonide is ! corticosteroid !$!il!ble )or n!s!l !d(inistr!tion t%!t (!* be used )or prop%*l!-is !nd tre!t(ent o) !ller+ic !nd $!so(otor r%initis !nd )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) n!s!l pol*ps, Ft is !$!il!ble !s !n !erosol spr!*' !n !erosol in%!ler !nd ! turbo%!ler,
Test 61 Answers 275
A50 0 C%oline s!lic*l!te is !$!il!ble !s ! dent!l +el )or use in (ild or!l !nd perior!l lesions, Ft c!n be used in c%ildren o$er 4 (ont%s durin+ teet%in+, Ft is !pplied no (ore t%!n e$er* 3 % up to ! (!-i(u( o) si- !pplic!tions d!il*, A51 A 4ep*r!(ine is !n !nti%ist!(ine t%!t is !$!il!ble !s ! topic!l der(!tolo+ic!l prep!r!tion, Ft (!* c!use %*persensiti$it* re!ctions !nd is onl* (!r+in!ll* e))ecti$e, Topic!l use o) (ep*r!(ine s%ould be !$oided in ec2e(! bec!use it (!* e-!cerb!te t%e condition, A52 : 4upirocin is !n !ntib!cteri!l prep!r!tion t%!t is e))ecti$e )or skin in)ections' p!rticul!rl* in)ections c!used b* >r!(positi$e or+!nis(s suc% !s -tap&ylo1coccus aureus8 Ft is not rel!ted to !n* ot%er !ntib!cteri!l !+ent, A53 0 9o$idone-iodine is !n !ntiseptic !+ent b!sed on iodine t%!t (!* be used )or pre !nd postoper!ti$e skin
disin)ection, Ft s%ould be !pplied wit% c!ution to broken skin bec!use it (!* c!use s*ste(ic !d$erse e))ects' suc% !s (et!bolic !cidosis' %*pern!tr!e(i! !nd ren!l )unction i(p!ir(ent, A54 . >l*cer*l trinitr!te t!blets !re unst!ble !nd p!tient s%ould be !d$ised not to tr!ns)er t!blets )ro( t%e cont!iner, >l*cer*l trinitr!te tr!nsder(!l p!tc%es !re p!cked indi$idu!ll* in se!led p!cks, Fsosorbide (ononitr!te t!blets !re not !s unst!ble !s +l*cer*l trinitr!te,
276 Test 61 Answers
A55 0 4iosis is t%e contr!ction o) t%e pupil !nd it occurs !s ! result o) !d(inistr!tion to t%e e*e o) (iotic prep!r!tions suc% !s piloc!rpine !nd c!rb!c%ol t%!t !re used in r!ised intr!ocul!r pressure, 9iloc!rpine !nd c!rb!c%ol !re c%oliner-+ic !+onists, Tropic!(ide is !n !nti(usc!rinic product t%!t is used !s ! (*dri-!tic )or e*e e-!(in!tion, 4*dri!sis is t%e dil!tion o) t%e pupil' t%e opposite e))ect to (iosis, A56 C A%en s*ste(ic corticosteroid t%er!p* is +i$en )or ! prolon+ed period' !dren!l !trop%* de$elops, Abrupt wit%dr!w!l o) t%e steroid t%er!p* (!* le!d to !cute !dren!l insu))icienc*' %*potension or de!t%, To pre$ent t%is' +r!du!l wit%-dr!w!l o) s*ste(ic corticosteroids is reco((ended w%en tre!t(ent dur!tion %!s been o) 3 weeks or (ore !nd w%en repe!t doses were +i$en in t%e e$enin+' bec!use suppression o) cortisol secretion is (ini(!l i) t%e dose is t!ken in t%e (ornin+, A57 A Cit!lopr!( is ! selecti$e serotonin re-upt!ke in%ibitor, &ollowin+ reports t%!t SS#Fs (!* induce suicid!l tendencies' t%e* !re not reco((ended )or use in p!tients
under 1" *e!rs, Co((on side-e))ects o) SS#Fs include +!strointestin!l s*(pto(s' suc% !s n!use!' $o(itin+' d*spepsi!' !bdo(in!l p!in' di!rr%oe! !nd constip!tion, Abrupt wit%dr!w!l o) SS#Fs is !ssoci!ted wit% ! wit%dr!w!l s*ndro(e t%!t presents wit% %e!d!c%e' n!use!' p!r!est%esi!' di22iness !nd !n-iet*, A58 0 4et%!done is !n opioid !+onist t%!t is used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) opioid dependence, Ft is itsel) sel)!ddicti$e !nd prolon+ed use (!* c!use
Test 61 Answers 277
dependence, ;owe$er' wit%dr!w!l s*(pto(s de$elop (ore slowl* t%!n wit% ot%er opioid dru+s, Ft is !$!il!ble !s t!blets !nd or!l solution, A59 . .o-*c*cline is ! tetr!c*cline deri$!ti$e t%!t is $er* reli!bl* !bsorbed !nd %!s ! lon+ %!l)-li)e 512E24 %7, Ft is +i$en !s ! once-d!il* dose, O-*tetr!c*line !nd tetr!c*cline %!$e s%orter %!l)-li$es 59 %7 !nd t%e* re uire (ultiple dosin+ d!il*, A60 . C*!nocob!l!(in is ! cob!lt-cont!inin+ co(pound t%!t is ! $it!(in 012 subst!nce, Adult d!il* re uire(ents )or $it!(in 012 !re s(!ll' !round 2 J+, C*!nocob!l!(in c!n be )ound in (ulti$it!(in prep!r!tions suc% !s &orce$!l !nd Hi$iopt!l, A61 A C!rbi(!2ole is !n !ntit%*roid dru+ t%!t c!n c!use bone (!rrow suppression le!din+ to !+r!nuloc*tosis' w%ic% is ! decre!se in t%e nu(ber o) +r!nuloc*tes, Si+ns o) in)ection' suc% !s sore t%ro!t' indic!te bone (!rrow suppression, A62 0 4et%*ldop! is !n !nti%*pertensi$e !+ent t%!t %!s ! centr!l !ction resultin+ in ! reduced s*(p!t%etic tone,
T%is centr!l !cti$it* le!ds to side-e))ects suc% !s drowsiness' i(p!ired concentr!tion !nd (e(or*' (ild ps*c%oses' depression !nd ni+%t(!res,
27" Test 61 Answers
A63 A Si($!st!tin is ! lipid-re+ul!tin+ !+ent' w%ic% c!n be used )or second!r* pre$ention o) coron!r* e$ents in p!tients wit% coron!r* %e!rt dise!se' perip%-er!l !rter* dise!se !nd di!betes (ellitus, A64 A .i!betes results in d!(!+e to ner$es' w%ic% c!n le!d to neurop!t%* !nd to i(p!ired ner$ous conduction, 8europ!t%* in t%e perip%eries' co((onl* t%e )eet' c!n le!d to in?uries t%!t subse uentl* de$elop into ulcer!tions, .i!betes c!uses perip%er!l $!scul!r d!(!+e t%!t predisposes t%e di!betic p!tient to in)ection !nd ulcer!tion o) t%e )eet, A65 C 3e$oc!b!stine is !n !nti%ist!(ine t%!t (!* be used !s ! topic!l prep!r!tion in !ller+ic con?uncti$itis, Side-e))ects include loc!l re!ctions 5irrit!tion' blurred $ision' oede(!' urtic!ri!7' d*spnoe! !nd %e!d!c%e, A66 0 8icotine repl!ce(ent t%er!p* (!* be !d(inistered !s c%ewin+ +u(' in%!l!-tor' lo2en+es' n!s!l spr!* !nd
p!tc%es, A%en t%e in%!l!tor is used' t%e p!tient is !d$ised to use it w%en t%e ur+e to s(oke occurs, A67 : Tine! pedis is ! )un+!l in)ection o) t%e )eet usu!ll* occurrin+ in toe cle)ts, So(e-ti(es t%e in)ection (!* spre!d !nd in se$ere c!ses t%e in)ection (!* e-tend to t%e toen!ils, F(id!2ole !nti)un+!ls !re used )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) t%e condition !s cre!(s, 9owder )or(ul!tions re uired, !re pre)erred )or dustin+ )ootwe!r, So(eti(es s*ste(ic !d(inistr!tion o) !nti)un+!l !+ents is
Test 61 Answers 279
A68 0 Osteoporosis is c%!r!cterised b* p!in, Ft occurs !s ! result o) reduced bone (!ss' resultin+ in brittle bones co((onl* in t%e neck' $ertebr!e !nd wrists, C%ronic b!ck p!in (!* indic!te osteoporosis in t%e $ertebr!e, ;i+% c!lciu( int!ke c!n be used in osteoporosis to reduce t%e r!te o) bone loss, A69 C Hul$o$!+in!l c!ndidi!sis (!* occur wit% t%e s*ste(ic !d(inistr!tion o) cipro)lo-!cin bec!use cipro)lo-!cin is ! bro!d-spectru( !ntib!cteri!l !+ent, Fts use (!* result in superin)ection wit% or+!nis(s suc% !s !andida t%!t !re not susceptible to cipro)lo-!cin, 4!n!+e(ent o) $ul$o$!+in!l c!ndidi!sis includes topic!l !d(inistr!tion o) i(id!2ole !nti)un+!l !+ents !nd t%e s*ste(ic !d(inistr!tion o) )lucon!2ole, A70 : C!ution is reco((ended in t%e !d(inistr!tion o) citric !cid !nd its s!lts to p!tients wit% ren!l dise!se !s t%ere (!* be (et!bolic conse uences, Citric !cid !nd its s!lts
!re used to !lk!linise t%e urine !nd %ence relie$e t%e disco()ort !ssoci!ted wit% c*stitis, A71 A 4et%otre-!te is !n !nti(et!bolite t%!t in%ibits di%*dro)ol!te reduct!se' t%e en2*(e in$ol$ed in t%e reduction o) )olic !cid to tetr!%*dro)ol!te, &olinic !cid is used to counter!ct t%e decre!se in tetr!%*dro)ol!te in nor(!l cells, &olinic !cid is +i$en !s rescue t%er!p* to pre$ent side-e))ects c!used b* (et%otre-!te t%er!p*' n!(el* (ucositis !nd (*elosuppression,
2"6 Test 61 Answers
A72 C T%e te(per!ture re uired )or ! re)ri+er!tor is in t%e r!n+e 2E"PC !nd )or ! deep-)ree2er is E15PC, Fte(s t%!t !re re uired to be stored in t%e re)ri+er!tor s%ould not be kept in ! deep )ree2er !s t%is (!* co(pro(ise t%e product, A73 C Accordin+ to t%e 0ritis% 9%!r(!copoei!' G$er* solubleD (e!ns t%!t t%e !ppro--i(!te $olu(e o) sol$ent in (illilitres per +r!( o) solute is less t%!n 1, Acti$e in+redients o) in?ect!ble dos!+e )or( prep!r!tions !re not li(ited to $er* soluble (!teri!ls, Suspensions !re !$!il!ble )or p!renter!l !d(inistr!tion, A74 0 Se(i-solid e*e prep!r!tions !re products t%!t !re presented !s sterile oint-(ents' cre!(s or +els intended )or !pplic!tion to t%e con?uncti$!, T%e* consist o) one or (ore !cti$e in+redients t%!t !re dissol$ed or dispersed in ! sterile b!se, Accordin+ to t%e 0ritis% 9%!r(!copoie!' t%e (!-i(u( di(ension o) p!rticles dispersed in se(isolid e*e prep!r!tions s%ould not e-ceed 96 J(, A75 A 9!renter!l prep!r!tions !re sterile products intended )or !d(inistr!tion b* in?ection' in)usion or i(pl!nt!tion, T%e prep!r!tions (!* re uire t%e use o) e-cipients t%!t s%ould
not inter)ere wit% t%e !cti$e in+redient or c!use unw!nted e))ects or loc!l irrit!tion, T%e e-cipients (!* be used to (!ke t%e prep!r!tion isotonic wit% blood' to !d?ust t%e p;' to incre!se solubilit*' to pre$ent deterior!tion o) t%e !cti$e in+redient or to pro$ide !de u!te !nti-(icrobi!l properties,
Test 61 Answers 2"1
A76 A S*rups !re li uid prep!r!tions t%!t !re b!sed on ! concentr!ted solution o) sucrose' ot%er su+!rs or sweetenin+ !+ents, S*rups s%ould be kept in well-closed cont!iners !nd stored !t te(per!tures not e-ceedin+ 36PC' ot%erwise t%e* !re prone to b!cteri!l +rowt%, A77 . Aro(!tic w!ters !re s!tur!ted solutions o) $ol!tile oils or ot%er !ro(!tic subst!nces in w!ter, Accordin+ to t%e 0ritis% 9%!r(!copoei!' !ro(!tic w!ters !re prep!red usin+ et%!nol, A78 C Aciclo$ir t!blets' w%ic% !re indic!ted )or t%e (!n!+e(ent o) %erpes si(ple- !nd $!ricell! 2oster in)ections' s%ould be stored !t roo( te(per!ture' !nd no %i+%er t%!n 25PC, T%e* s%ould not be kept in ! re)ri+er!tor, A79 . Adren!line !nd nor!dren!line !re s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ents, Adren!line e*e drops (!* be used in t%e
(!n!+e(ent o) open-!n+le +l!uco(!, :pinep%rine is !not%er n!(e )or !dren!line !nd norepinep%rine is !n !ltern!te n!(e )or nor!dren!line, A80 A T%e s(!ll si2e o) sin+le-dose cont!iners )or e*e drops (e!ns t%!t onl* !n indi-c!tion o) t%e !cti$e in+redient !nd t%e stren+t% o) t%e prep!r!tion c!n be displ!*ed, T%e* !re l!belled usin+ !n !ppro$ed code, T%e 0ritis% 9%!r(!copoei! st!tes codes )or e*e drops in sin+le-dose cont!iners, T%e code )or
2"2 Test 61 Answers
sodiu( c%loride is s!line' indic!tin+ t%!t t%e contents o) t%e cont!iner !re ! 6,9M wL$ solution, A81 A T%e structure represents ! s*(p!t%o(i(etic !(ine' s!lbut!(ol' w%ic% %!s ! substitution on t%e !(ino +roup' ! %*dro-*l +roup on t%e c!rbon !nd ! substituent on position 3 !nd 4 o) t%e !ro(!tic nucleus, A82 A S!lbut!(ol' !n !drenoceptor !+onist' is used !s ! bronc%odil!tor in !st%(!, A83 C As s!lbut!(ol is ! s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ent it s%ould be used wit% c!ution in %*pertension bec!use it will !cti$!te t%e s*(p!t%etic ner$ous s*ste(' w%ic% in turn (!* result in incre!sed blood pressure, A84 0 Side-e))ects t%!t (!* occur wit% s!lbut!(ol include )ine
tre(or' ner$ous tension' %e!d!c%e' (uscle cr!(ps !nd t!c%*c!rdi!, A85 0 T%e c%e(ic!l structure o) s*(p!t%o(i(etic !+ents is b!sed on !n !ro(!tic rin+ t%!t is sep!r!ted b* two c!rbon !to(s )ro( !n !(ino +roup, Substitu-tions on t%e structure result in t%e $!rious s*(p!t%o(i(etic dru+s,
Test 61 Answers 2"3
A86 0 Co-!(o-icl!$ consists o) !(o-icillin' ! bro!d spectru( penicillin' !nd cl!$u-l!nic !cid, Cl!$ul!nic !cid is ! product t%!t l!cks !ntib!cteri!l properties, Ft in!cti$!tes bet!-l!ct!(!ses' t%e en2*(es t%!t destro* t%e bet!l!ct!( rin+ !nd result in in!cti$!tion o) t%e penicillin, A(o-icillin is (ore r!pidl* !nd (ore co(pletel* !bsorbed co(p!red wit% !(picillin' w%ic% is (oder!tel* well !bsorbed )ro( t%e +!strointestin!l tr!ct, T%e presence o) )ood in t%e sto(!c% does not !ppe!r to inter)ere wit% t%e !(ount o) !(o-icillin !bsorbed, A87 : Co-!(o-icl!$ 625 (+ t!blets cont!in !(o-icillin 566 (+ !nd cl!$ul!nic !cid 125 (+, T%e dru+ is +i$en on ! twice d!il* dosin+ sc%edule, 9!tient s%ould be !d$ised to t!ke t%e dru+ !s prescribed !t re+ul!r inter$!ls !nd to co(plete t%e course o) tre!t(ent, A88 A 4etronid!2ole is !n !nti-in)ecti$e !+ent t%!t c!n be used
!+!inst !n!erobic b!cteri! !nd proto2o!, Ft c!n be used in co(bin!tion wit% cl!rit%ro(*cin w%ere necess!r*, Ft is co(bined wit% cl!rit%ro(*cin in triple t%er!p* )or /eli1 co"acter pylori er!dic!tion, Ani(!l bites (!* be !ssoci!ted wit% in)ections c!used b* !n!erobic b!cteri!, A89 0 4etronid!2ole is !$!il!ble )or or!l !d(inistr!tion !s t!blets o) 266 (+ !nd 466 (+ !nd !s ! suspension o) 266 (+L5 (3,
2"4 Test 61 Answers
A90 0 T%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised to !$oid !lco%olic drink' to t!ke t%e dru+ !t re+ul!r inter$!ls !nd to co(plete t%e course prescribed' to t!ke t%e t!blets wit% or !)ter )ood' !nd to sw!llow t%e( w%ole wit% plent* o) w!ter, A%en p!tients t!kin+ (etronid!2ole consu(e !lco%ol' ! disul)ir!(-like re!ction (!* occur, A91 A Side-e))ects t%!t (!* occur wit% (etronid!2ole include n!use!' $o(itin+' unple!s!nt t!ste' )urred ton+ue' +!strointestin!l disturb!nces' r!s%es !nd %e!d!c%e, A92 : A si+ni)ic!nt clinic!l inter!ction c!n occur between (etronid!2ole !nd w!r)!rin, Ft is !d$is!ble to !$oid conco(it!nt use bec!use (etronid!2ole en%!nces t%e !ntico!+ul!nt e))ect o) w!r)!rin, A93 . Si($!st!tin is ! lipid-re+ul!tin+ dru+ t%!t results in ! lowerin+ o) t%e concen-tr!tion o) low-densit* lipoprotein c%olesterol t%!t is !ssoci!ted wit% %*perlipid-!e(i!, Ft (!*
result in lowerin+ o) tri+l*cerides but st!tins !re less e))ecti$e in t%is t%!n t%e )ibr!tes, A94 A St!tins !re used )or t%e second!r* pre$ention o) coron!r* !nd c!rdio$!scul!r e$ents in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) !n+in!' !cute (*oc!rdi!l in)!rction !nd %istor* o) stroke,
Test 61 Answers 2"5
A95 C 9!tient s%ould be !d$ised to t!ke t%e t!blet !t ni+%t to counter!ct t%e noctur-n!l incre!se in c%olesterol s*nt%esis, Side-e))ects o) si($!st!tin include +!strointestin!l e))ects suc% !s !bdo(in!l p!in' )l!tulence' constip!tion or di!rr%oe!' n!use! !nd $o(itin+, As si($!st!tin c!n c!use (*op!t%* t%!t could le!d to r%!bdo(*ol*sis' t%e p!tient s%ould be !d$ised to report (uscle p!in' tender-ness or we!kness i((edi!tel*, A96 0 St!tins s%ould be used wit% c!ution in p!tients wit% ! %istor* o) li$er dise!se' !nd %*pot%*roidis( s%ould be (!n!+ed !de u!tel* be)ore st!rtin+ tre!t(ent wit% ! st!tin, Ft is reco((ended t%!t li$er )unction tests !nd t%*roid )unction tests !re per)or(ed be)ore st!rtin+ tre!t(ent wit% si($!st!tin, A97A100 A l!-!ti$e t%!t %!s ! r!pid !ction is re uired to pro$ide i((edi!te relie), A sti(ul!nt l!-!ti$e suc% !s senn! (!*
be reco((ended )or t%e s%ort ter(, 3!ctulose' !n os(otic l!-!ti$e' %!s ! del!*ed onset, Ft (!* t!ke up to 4" % to !ct !nd t%ere)ore it is not reco((ended !s ! sin+le !+ent )or t%e (!n!+e-(ent o) !n !cute p%!se, 4!+nesiu( sulp%!te is !n os(otic l!-!ti$e t%!t brin+s !bout r!pid bowel e$!cu!tion, T%is (!* result in electrol*te i(b!l!nce !nd its use !s ! l!-!ti$e is reser$ed )or w%en co(plete bowel e$!cu!tion is necess!r*' suc% !s be)ore ! sur+ic!l inter$ention, Owin+ to t%e dis!d$!nt!+es !ssoci!ted wit% t%e use o) li uid p!r!))in' its use is not supported, Ft (!* c!use !n!l irrit!tion' lipid pneu(oni! !nd inter)erence wit% t%e !bsorption o) )!tsoluble $it!(ins,
2"6
Test 61 Answers
A97 3 A98 1 A99 2 A100 4
Questions
Directions' &or t%e )ollowin+ uestions' t%e )i$e !nswers %!$e ! di))erent prob!bilit* o) bein+ correct, Fndic!te t%e se uenti!l order o) t%e )i$e !nswers, 5Scorin+ (!* be de$eloped to re)lect ! di))erent wei+%tin+ )or e!c% !nswer,7 Q1 Arr!n+e t%e )ollowin+ (olecules !ccordin+ to t%eir (olecul!r wei+%t, St!rt wit% 1 )or t%e (olecule wit% t%e lowest (olecul!r wei+%t up to 5 )or t%e (olecule wit% t%e %i+%est (olecul!r wei+%t1 A B C D E Q2 +lucose sucrose +l*cerine !lu(iniu( c%loride sodiu( c%loride
Arr!n+e t%e )ollowin+ re!ctions !ccordin+ to t%eir prob!bilit* o) %!ppenin+ spont!neousl* in t%e !spirin (olecule' in ! neutr!l (ediu( under nor(!l te(per!ture !nd pressure conditions, St!rt wit% 1 )or t%e re!ction wit% t%e lowest prob!bilit* up to 5 )or t%e re!ction wit% t%e %i+%est prob!bilit*1 A B C D : %*drol*sis o) et%!no!te +roup p!rti!l reduction o) t%e !ro(!tic rin+ o-id!tion o) t%e !ro(!tic rin+ r!ce(is!tion )or(!tion o) intr!(olecul!r ;-bondin+
2" 9
Q3 .i))erent cl!sses o) (edicines !re used in t%e (!n!+e(ent o) %*per-tension, Arr!n+e t%e )ollowin+ cl!sses o) !nti%*pertensi$e !+ents' st!rtin+ wit% t%e one t%!t %!s been lon+est on t%e (!rket1 A B C D E s*(p!t%ol*tics c!lciu(-c%!nnel blockers !n+iotensin-FF receptor !nt!+onists AC: in%ibitors diuretics
Q4 Arr!n+e t%e )ollowin+ cl!sses o) dru+s used )or t%e tre!t(ent o) %*per-tension !ccordin+ to t%eir sellin+ price' st!rtin+ wit% t%e le!st e-pensi$e1 A B C D E centr!ll* !ctin+ !nti%*pertensi$e dru+s c!lciu(-c%!nnel blockers !n+iotensin-FF receptor !nt!+onists bet!-!drenoceptor blockin+ dru+s diuretics
Q5 T%e )ollowin+ st!te(ents list (ore t%!n one propert* o) t%e co(pounds A 5clonidine7 !nd 0 5i(ipr!(ine7Q !ll or none (!* be correct, Arr!n+e t%e st!te(ents !ccordin+ to t%eir correctness, St!rt wit% 1 )or t%e le!st correct !nswer up to 5 )or t%e (ost correct !nswer1
Questions 1E16 291
A B C D E
structure A1 bic*clic' neutr!l' insoluble in w!ter structure A1 b!sic' soluble in ;Cl 28 structure A1 !cid' soluble in 8!O; 28 structure 01 tric*clic' b!sic' soluble in ;Cl 28 structure 01 bic*clic' !cid' soluble in w!ter
Q6 T%e )ollowin+ st!te(ents interpret t%e (e!nin+ o) G+eneric substitutionD !nd Gt%er!peutic substitutionD to di))erent le$els o) correctness, Arr!n+e t%e st!te(ents' st!rtin+ wit% 1 )or t%e le!st likel* !nswer up to 5 )or t%e (ost likel*1 A B bot% ter(s re)er to t%e substitution o) ! dru+ bot% ter(s re)er to t%e substitution o) ! dru+ wit% !not%er +eneric product
t%e ter(s !re correl!ted wit% t%e pro)ession!l e-perience o) t%e nurse present in t%e %ospit!l durin+ t%e dru+ dispensin+ t%e ter(s re)er to t%e substitution wit% ! +eneric dru+ !nd !n* ot%er suit!ble dru+ respecti$el* t%e ter(s !re e-clusi$el* correl!ted wit% t%e c%!n+e o) dos! +e
Q7 All )!ctors bein+ e u!l' !rr!n+e t%e bio!$!il!bilit* o) t%e )ollowin+ )or(u-l!tions, St!rt wit% t%e )or(ul!tion wit% t%e le!st de+ree o) bio!$!il!bilit*1 A B C D E suspension c!psule e(ulsion t!blets solutions
Q8 T%e )ollowin+ st!te(ents list properties o) t%e co(pound n!lorp%ine, Arr!n+e t%e st!te(ents' st!rtin+ wit% 1 )or t%e le!st likel* !nswer up to 5 )or t%e (ost likel*, 8!lorp%ine1 A B C D : induces !n!l+esi! but not eup%ori! binds (!inl* to t%e ' !nd receptors o) opi!tes %!s ! p%!r(!colo+ic!l !ction si(il!r to t%!t o) encep%!line %!s ! p%!r(!colo+ic!l !ction si(il!r to t%!t o) n!lo-one does not belon+ to t%e opioid cl!ss o) dru+s
Questions 1E16 293
Q9 Arr!n+e in !scendin+ order t%e )ollowin+ s!lts !ccordin+ to t%e p; w%en t%e s!lts !re dissol$ed in w!ter !t t%e s!(e concentr!tions, St!rt wit% t%e lowest p; !s 1 !nd t%e %i+%est p; !s 51 A B C D E (orp%ine %*droc%loride sodiu( ben2o!te sodiu( p%en!te pot!ssiu( c%loride sodiu( s!lic*l!te
Q10 T%e n!rcotic !n!l+esics %!$e ! structure correl!ted wit% t%e pent!c*clic structure o) (orp%ine, Arr!n+e t%e )ollowin+ c*cles )ound in t%e (orp%ine )or(ul!, St!rt wit% 1 )or t%e c*cle not )ound in t%e l!r+est nu(ber o) n!rcotic !n!l+esics up to 5 )or t%e one )ound in (ost n!rcotic !n!l+esics1 A B C D : )ur!n ben2ene c*clo%e-!ne c*clo%e-ene piperidine
Answers
A1 T%e (olecul!r wei+%t is t%e su( o) t%e !to(ic wei+%ts o) !ll t%e !to(s in t%e (olecule, >lucose is ! (onos!cc%!ride wit% si- c!rbon !to(s !nd si- o-*+en !to(s w%ere!s sucrose is ! dis!cc%!ride t%!t %!s 12 c!rbon !to(s !nd 11 o-*+en !to(s, >l*cerine is ! pol*!lco%ol wit% t%ree c!rbon !to(s !nd t%ree o-*+en !to(s, T%e nu(ber o) %*dro+en !to(s c!n be i+nored in t%ese t%ree (olecules' bec!use %*dro+en %!s ! (olecul!r wei+%t o) 1 !nd t%ere)ore it is not ! deter(inin+ )!ctor, Conse uentl* t%e (olecul!r wei+%t in decre!sin+ order is sucrose' +lucose' +l*cerine, Alu(iniu( is ! tri$!lent !to( !nd its c%loride s!lt %!s t%ree c%lorine !to(s, Sodiu( is ! (ono$!lent !to( !nd its c%loride s!lt %!s one c%lorine !to(, T%ere !re t%us two series o) co(pounds wit% (olecul!r wei+%ts in descendin+ order1 sucrose' +lucose' +l*cerine !nd !lu(iniu( c%loride' sodiu( c%loride, Co(p!rin+ t%e lowest (olecul!r wei+%t o) t%e co(pounds in t%e )irst series wit% t%e %i+%est (olecul!r wei+%t o) t%e co(pounds in t%e second series' +l*cerine %!s t%ree !to(s o) c!rbon !nd t%ree !to(s o) o-*+en' w%ere!s !lu(iniu( c%loride %!s one !to( o) !lu(iniu( !nd t%ree !to(s o) c%lorine, :!c% p!ir o) c!rbonEo-*+en !to(s %!s ! wei+%t o) 2" w%ere!s e!c% c%lorine !to( %!s ! wei+%t o) 35, Alu(iniu( %!s !n !to(ic wei+%t o) 27 !nd t%e t%ree !to(s o) c%lorine wei+% 165, ;ence !lu(iniu( c%loride lies between +l*cerine !nd +lucose, A%en co(p!rin+ sodiu( c%loride !nd +l*cerine'
t%e t%ree p!irs o) c!rbon !nd o-*+en !to(s in +l*cerine %!$e ! co(bined wei+%t o) "4 52" 37 w%ere!s sodiu( c%loride %!s ! co(bined wei+%t o) 23 5!to(ic wei+%t o) sodiu(7 plus 35 5!to(ic wei+%t o) c%lorine7 +i$in+ ! (olecul!r wei+%t o) 5", A B C D E 4 5 2 3 1 29 5
296 Test 71 Answers
A2 T%e c%e(ic!l structure o) !spirin 5!cet*ls!lic*lic !cid7 consists o) !n !ro(!tic rin+' ! c!rbo-*l (oiet* !nd ! p%enolic %*dro-ide esteri)ied wit% !cetic !cid, #!ce(i2!tion o) !spirin is i(possible bec!use it re uires ! c%ir!l (olecule, Aspirin does not %!$e !n !s*((etric c!rbon !to( !nd t%ere)ore is not ! c%ir!l (olecule, T%e !ro(!tic rin+ is $er* st!ble !nd %ence it is not $er* re!cti$e, Fts tot!l or p!rti!l reduction c!n occur b* %*dro+en!tion onl* in t%e presence o) t%e !ppropri!te c!t!l*sts !nd under %i+% pressure, T%e o-idi2!tion o) t%e !ro(!tic rin+ is $er* di))icult but' under cert!in conditions 5)or e-!(ple' in t%e presence o) )ree o-*+en r!dic!ls7' suc% ! re!ction c!n occur under (ild conditions !s' )or e-!(ple' w%en !spirin is used t%er!peutic!ll* !nd inter!cts wit%in t%e !r!c%idonic !cid c!sc!de in vivo, F) !spirin is kept in ! d!(p pl!ce' p!rti!l %*drol*sis o) t%e (olecule (!* occur e$en !t roo( te(per!ture, Fntr!(olecul!r %*dro+en bondin+ is e!sil* )or(ed in !spirin, T%e pl!n!r structure o) t%e !cet*ls!lic*lic !cid (olecule !llows inter!ction between t%e %*dro+en !to( o) t%e c!rbo-*l +roup !nd t%e p%enolic o-*+en o) t%e ester +roup, T%e resultin+ si--c*clic structure' w%ic% )or(s wit%out ener+*' is uite st!ble, A B 4 2
C D E A3
3 1 5
A(on+ t%e cl!sses listed' diuretics 5t%i!2ides' 19567 were t%e e!rliest +roup to be rele!sed on t%e (!rket )ollowed b* t%e s*(p!t%ol*tics 5bet!-!dreno-ceptor blockin+ !+ents suc% !s propr!nolol' 19667' !n+iotensin-con$ertin+ en2*(e in%ibitors suc% !s c!ptopril 519767' c!lciu(c%!nnel blockers suc% !s ni)edipine 519"67 !nd !n+iotensin FF receptor !nt!+onists suc% !s los!rt!n 519967,
Test 71 Answers 297
A B C D E A4
2 4 5 3 1
T%e cost o) !nti%*pertensi$e dru+s $!ries !ccordin+ to t%e ti(e o) t%eir intro-duction to t%e (!rket, T%e cost o) (edicines is !))ected b* t%e $!lidit* o) t%e p!tent ri+%ts o) e!c% dru+ entit* !nd b* t%e introduction o) t%e correspondin+ +eneric p%!r(!ceutic!l products on t%e (!rket, T%e se uence o) t%e cost o) t%e (edicines in !scendin+ order is1 diuretics 5t%i!2ides suc% !s bendro)lu(e-t%i!2ide7' centr!ll* !ctin+ !nti%*pertensi$e dru+s suc% !s (et%*ldop! !nd clonidine' bet!!drenoceptor blockin+ !+ents suc% !s !tenolol' c!lciu(c%!nnel blockers suc% !s ni)edipine !nd !n+iotensin-FF !nt!+onists suc% !s los!rt!n, A B C D E A5 2 4 5 3 1
T%e ter( Gpol*c*clicD !pplies to (olecules t%!t consist o) p!rti!l c*clic struc-tures' w%ic% to+et%er )or( one e-tensi$e c*clic s*ste(, Structure A %!s two isol!ted c*cles !nd %ence c!nnot be ter(ed pol*c*clic w%ere!s structure 0 %!s t%ree condensed c*cles !nd is ! pol*c*clic' speci)ic!ll* ! tric*clic struc-ture, T%e !cidic or b!sic c%!r!cteristics o) ! (olecule !re rel!ted to t%e presence o) !cid )unctions 5(ost co((onl* c!rbo-*lic or sulp%onic +roups7 or b!sic )unctions 5)or e-!(ple !(ino +roups linked to !lip%!tic or !ro(!tic
29" Test 71 Answers
residues7 respecti$el*, Acidic or b!sic subst!nces' e$en w%en insoluble in w!ter' dissol$e uickl* in !lk!line or !cidic solutions respecti$el*Q t%is be%!$-iour is due to t%e )or(!tion o) ionic subst!nces 5s!lts7 t%!t !re )or(ed under t%ese conditions, Fn )!ct' or+!nic (olecules !re soluble in w!ter w%en t%e* %!$e ! low (olecul!r wei+%t' w%en t%e* c!n be ioni2ed 5s!lts7 or w%en t%e (olecule %!s !n !de u!te nu(ber o) pol!r +roups in rel!tion to t%e (olecu-l!r structure, 0ot% clonidine !nd i(ipr!(ine !re b!sic subst!nces owin+ to t%e s!tur!ted i(id!2ole +roup in clonidine !nd t%e terti!r* !(ine +roup in i(ipr!(ine, T%e nitro+en !to( bonded to t%e ben2ene rin+ !lso contributes to t%e b!sic propert*, Considerin+ t%e correct !nd incorrect c%!r!cteristics +i$en in e!c% st!te(ent' t%e !nswer is1 A B C D E A6 T%e ter( G+eneric dru+D re)ers to dru+s w%ere p!tent ri+%ts o) t%e !cti$e in-+redient %!$e e-pired !nd w%ere t%e n!(e o) t%e product is identic!l to t%e +eneric 5not propriet!r*7 n!(e o) t%e !cti$e in+redient, T%e ter( Go))-p!tent dru+sD is ! $!st cl!ssi)ic!tion bec!use' besides t%e G+eneric 3 4 2 5 1
dru+sD' it includes dru+s w%ere p!tent ri+%ts %!$e e-pired but t%!t ret!in ! propriet!r* n!(e desi+n!ted b* t%e (!nu)!cturin+ co(p!n*' inste!d o) bein+ known b* t%e +eneric n!(e o) t%e !cti$e in+redients, Fn so(e countries t%e p%!r(!cist (!* undert!ke +eneric substitution w%ere t%e prescribed +eneric dru+ c!n be substituted wit% !not%er +eneric dru+ presentin+ t%e s!(e !cti$e in+redient, So(e countries restrict +eneric substitution to w%en t%e p!tent ri+%ts %!$e e-pired on t%e prescribed dru+ !nd t%e repl!ce(ent product is less e-pensi$e, Fn countries w%ere le+isl!tion !llows t%er!peutic substitution' t%e p%!r(!cist (!* c%!n+e t%e (edicine )or !not%er t%!t %!s t%e s!(e p%!r(!colo+ic!l !ction !nd t%er!peutic e))ect !s t%e prescribed product, 0ot% !nswers C !nd : do not )ul)il t%ese e-pl!n!tions !nd (oreo$er' !nswer C does not rel!te to
Test 71 Answers 299
eit%er o) t%e ter(s considered, Answers +oin+ )ro( 0' . to A !re +r!du!ll* (ore re!listic1 !nswer 0 e-pl!ins t%e ter( +eneric substitution but does not include t%er!peutic substitutionQ !nswer . st!tes t%!t t%e substituted dru+ %!s to be ! +eneric to e-pl!in t%e ter( +eneric substitution !nd %!s to be !n* ot%er dru+ to e-pl!in t%e ter( t%er!peutic substitution, 0ot% t%e ter(s +eneric !nd t%er!peutic substitution re)er to t%e substitution o) ! dru+' !s correctl* st!ted in !nswer A, A B C D E A7 0io!$!il!bilit* (!* be (e!sured b* deter(inin+ t%e concentr!tion o) !cti$e in+redient in pl!s(!, T%e p%!r(!ceutic!l )or(ul!tions presented in t%e uestion !re intended )or or!l dru+ !d(inistr!tion, Ait% t%is route o) !d(inis-tr!tion' t%e bio!$!il!bilit* o) t%e dru+ re!c%es its (!-i(u( w%en t%e !cti$e in+redient is presented in ! )or(ul!tion t%!t !llows r!pid dissolution into t%e biolo+ic!l )luids, T%ere)ore' bio!$!il!bilit* is !t its (!-i(u( wit% solutions )ollowed b* suspensions !nd e(ulsions' t%e l!tter consistin+ o) solid or oil* p!rticles o) s(!ll 5 3 1 4 2
di(ensions dispersed in ! li uid )or(ul!tion, 0io!$!il!bilit* is lower )or t%e solid or!l dos!+e )or(s, Ait% c!psules' t%e +r!nules %!$e to be rele!sed )ro( t%e s%ell be)ore dissolution !nd wit% t!blets disinte+r!tion )ollowed b* dissolution %!s to t!ke pl!ce )or t%e rele!se o) t%e !cti$e in+redient, .isinte+r!tion is in (ost c!ses ! lon+er process t%!n rele!se )ro( ! c!psule s%ell, A B C D E 4 2 3 1 5
366 Test 71 Answers
A8 8!lorp%ine !nd n!lo-one !re structur!ll* rel!ted to (orp%ine !nd in )!ct !re opioid dru+s, A%en t%e* bind to t%e !n!l+esic receptor' t%e* do not elicit t%e s!(e response' owin+ to steric )!ctors, 8!lo-one is !n !nt!+onist w%ere!s n!lorp%ine is ! p!rti!l !+onist, 8!lorp%ine %!s ! p%!r(!colo+ic!l !ction si(il!r to encep%!line in t%!t bot% !ct on t%e 5k!pp!7 receptor' producin+ !n!l+esi! !nd sed!tion, 8!lorp%ine binds wit% di))icult* !t t%e J 5(u7 receptor !nd' in contr!st to encep%!line' n!lorp%ine !cts !s !n !nt!+onist, Owin+ to t%is c%!r!cteristic n!lorp%ine induces !n!l+esi! wit% no eup%ori!,
8!lorp%ine A 5
8!lo-one
B C D E
3 4 2 1
Test 71 Answers 361 A9 S!lts !re )or(ed t%rou+% ! re!ction between !n !cid !nd ! b!se, A%en t%e b!se !nd t%e !cid !re bot% stron+ 5!cids !nd (iner!l b!ses7' t%e s!lt obt!ined w%en t%e* !re dissol$ed in w!ter does not %!$e t%e )e!ture o) %*drol*sis !nd so t%e ! ueous solution %!s ! p; o) 7, A%en s!lts )or(ed )ro( we!k !cids !nd stron+ b!ses 5or we!k b!ses !nd stron+ !cids7 !re dissol$ed in w!ter t%e* %*drol*se, ;*drol*sis produces solutions wit% ! p; lower t%!n 7 w%en t%e !cid is stron+er t%!n t%e b!se !nd wit% ! p; %i+%er t%!n 7 w%en t%e b!se is stron+er t%!n t%e !cid, T%e nu(eric!l $!lue o) t%e positi$e or ne+!ti$e di$er+ence )ro( t%e $!lue 7 correl!tes wit% t%e di))erent stren+t% o) t%e !cids or t%e b!ses' indic!ted b* t%e correspondin+ $!lues o) p=! !nd p=b 5t%e %i+%er t%e $!lue' t%e lower t%e stren+t% o) t%e !cid7, 4orp%ine %*droc%loride is )or(ed )ro( ! stron+ (iner!l !cid !nd ! we!k or+!nic b!se, A%en dissol$ed in w!ter' !cid %*drol*sis occurs !nd t%e resultin+ solution %!s ! p; $!lue lower t%!n 7, Fn t%e c!se o) pot!ssiu( c%loride' )or(ed b* ! re!ction between ! stron+ !cid !nd ! stron+ b!se' %*drol*sis does not occur' w%ic% (e!ns t%!t t%e p; o) t%e solution re(!ins !t 7, T%e ot%er t%ree s!lts (entioned !re )or(ed b* ! re!ction between sodiu( %*dro-ide !nd or+!nic !cids 5t%!t is between ! stron+ b!se !nd ! we!k !cid7, A%en dissol$ed in w!ter t%e* +i$e ! b!sic solution wit% ! p; !s %i+% !s t%e p=! o) t%e !cid present in t%e s!lt, O) t%e two c!rbo-*lic !cids discussed' s!lic*lic !cid 5p=! R 37 is stron+er t%!n ben2oic !cid 5p=! R 4,27 bec!use o) t%e p%enolic %*dro-*l +roup !t t%e ort%o position, Suc% ! di))erence o) p=! is t%e re!son )or t%e lower $!lue o) p; in t%e ! ueous solution o) sodiu( s!lic*l!te in contr!st to t%!t o) sodiu( ben2o!te, T%e low !cidit* o) p%enolic %*dro-*l 5p=! R 167 brin+s !bout t%e stron+ !lk!line %*drol*sis o) sodiu( p%en!te' t%e solution
o) w%ic% %!s ! p; o) 16, A B C D E 1 4 5 2 3
A10 A(on+ t%e n!tur!l !nd s*nt%etic co(pounds %!$in+ !n !n!l+esicEn!rcotic e))ect' (ost structures %!$e t%e ben2ene rin+' w%ic% is present in (orp%ine, Suc% ! +roup is t%ere)ore re uired )or t%e co(pound to %!$e !n !n!l+esic e))ect, T%e piperidine rin+ is present in !ll known n!rcotic !n!l+esic structures' wit% t%e e-ception o) two s*nt%etic co(pounds 5(et%!done !nd propo-*p%ene7, T%ese %!$e !n !(ino +roup in !n open c!rbon c%!in' w%ic% on t%e receptor be%!$es in ! si(il!r w!* to t%e piperidine rin+, T%e c*clo-%e-!ne rin+ is not )ound in t%e !n!l+esics (eperidine' (et%!done !nd pet%idine, T%e c*clo%e-ene rin+ is not )ound in t%e !n!l+esics p%en!2ocine' (eperidine' (et%!done' pent!2ocine' pet%idine !nd propo-*p%ene, T%e )ur!n rin+ is )ound onl* in t%e n!tur!l !lk!loids o) opiu( but not in (ost !n!l+esics' )or e-!(ple' p%en!2ocine' (eperidine' (et%!done' pent!2ocine' pet%idine !nd propo-*p%ene, A B C D 1 5 3 2
9rodru+1 Side-e))ects1
codeine is ! prodru+ 5T4 Q67 si($!st!tin (!* c!use !lopeci! 5T4 Q467 !tenolol E (i-in+ t!c%*c!rdi! wit% br!d*c!rdi! 5T4 Q7"7 clo(ipr!(ine E (!* c!use ?!undice 5T6 Q367
9!r!s*(p!t% (!* c!use blurred $ision' !$oided in o(i(etic !st%(!' !ct !s properties1 (iotics 5T4 Q437 !ciclo$ir !s ! prop%*l!ctic )or cold sores F(proper use1 5T4 Q757 bre!t%-!cti$!ted in%!lers less suit!ble )or c%ildren 5T5 Q767 c%e(ic!l1 )urose(ide is !n !nt%r!nilic !cid Cl!ssi)ic!tion1 deri$!ti$e wit% ! sulp%on!(ide (oiet* 5T6 Q247 p%!r(!colo+ic!l1 (ito-!ntrone is ! c*toto-ic !ntibiotic 5T5 Q5"7, 4icr!l!- is !n os(otic l!-!ti$e 5T5 Q"97 3!bellin+1 t%e ter( s!line is !n !ppro$ed code used on sin+le-dose e*e drops cont!iners to indic!te 6,9M wL$ sodiu( c%loride solution 5T6 Q"67 Co-!(o-icl!$ 625 (+ t!blets does not (e!n t%!t t%e t!blets cont!in !(o-icillin 625 (+ 5T6 Q"77
Appendi- A 9ropriet!r* 5tr!de7 n!(es !nd e ui$!lent +eneric n!(es Acti)ed C%est* Cou+%s +u!i)enesin' pseudoep%edrine' triprolidine Ad!l!t Aerodiol Alupent An!)r!nil Ant%is!n Anusol 2inc o-ide Arco-i! Aredi! Atro$ent Au+(entin A$elo0!ctrob!n 0econ!se 0ecotide ni)edipine estr!diol orcipren!line clo(ipr!(ine (ep*r!(ine bis(ut% o-ide' peru b!ls!(' etorico-ib disodiu( p!(idron!te ipr!tropiu( cl!$ul!nic !cid' !(o-icillin (o-i)lo-!cin (upirocin beclo(et!sone beclo(et!sone
0eec%!(Ds ;ot 3e(on 9owderp!r!cet!(ol' p%en*lep%rine 0en*lin wit% Codeine (ent%ol 0etno$!te 0etoptic 0e2!lip codeine' dip%en%*dr!(ine' bet!(et%!sone bet!-olol be2!)ibr!te
0isodol ;e!rtburn #elie) !l+inic !cid' (!+!ldr!te' sodiu( bic!rbon!te
0on?el! Teet%in+ +el 0r!dosol 0ru)en 0urn:2e 0uscop!n C!lciu(-S!ndo2 C!nesten C!rdur! CelebreCeru(ol p!r!dic%loroben2ene
cet!lkoniu(' lidoc!ine ben2!lkoniu( ibupro)en ben2oc!ine %*oscine c!lciu( clotri(!2ole do-!2osin celeco-ib !r!c%is oil' c%lorobut!nol'
32 5
326 Appendi- A
Cilest Cipro-in Co-.io$!n Colo)!c Co(bi$ent Cont!c Cord!rone @ Co$ers*l
et%in*lestr!diol' nor+esti(!te cipro)lo-!cin %*droc%lort%i!2ide' $!ls!rt!n (ebe$erine ipr!tropiu(' s!lbut!(ol pseudoep%edrine !(iod!rone perindopril
Co$oni! 4ent%ol!ted Cou+% 4i-ture li uorice' (ent%ol' s uill Co2!!r Cuti$!te .!kt!rin .!* 8urse pseudoep%edrine .elt!cortril .entino- colic drops .epo-4edrone .e u!c!ine .er(o$!te .i!(o.i))erin .i)luc!n .io$!n los!rt!n )lutic!sone (icon!2ole p!r!cet!(ol' p%olcodine' prednisolone si(eticone (et%*lprednisolone ben2oc!ine' de u!liniu( clobet!sol !cet!2ol!(ide !d!p!lene )lucon!2ole $!ls!rt!n
.e-!-#%in!spr!* .uo de-!(et%!sone' tr!(!2oline
.ub!( cre!( cineole .ulco-l!.up%!l!c :45 p!r!))in' wool )!t :n-.e-=!*
(et%*l s!lic*l!te' (ent%ol' bis!cod*l l!ctulose li+%t li uid p!r!))in' w%ite so)t )luoride
:no citric !cid' sodiu( bic!rbon!te' sodiu( c!rbon!te :u(o$!te :ur!&!($ir &eldene &e(oston &l!+*l clobet!sone crot!(iton )!(ciclo$ir piro-ic!( estr!diol' d*dro+esterone (etronid!2ole
9ropriet!r* 5tr!de7 n!(es !nd e ui$!lent +eneric n!(es 327
&orce$!l ?unior c!psules !scorbic !cid' biotin' c*!nocob!l!(in' )olic !cid' nicotin!(ide' p!ntot%enic !cid' p*rido-ine' ribo)l!$in' t%i!(ine' $it!(in A' $it!(in .2' $it!(in :' $it!(in =1' c%ro(iu(' copper' iodine' iron' (!+nesiu(' (!n+!nese' (ol*bdenu(' seleniu(' 2inc &os!(!&ucidin &ucit%!l(ic &un+ilin &*bo+el >!$iscon Ad$!nce bic!rbon!te !lendronic !cid )usidic !cid )usidic !cid !(p%otericin isp!+%ul! %usk sodiu( !l+in!te' pot!ssiu(
>!$iscon li uid sodiu( !l+in!te' sodiu( bic!rbon!te' c!lciu( c!rbon!te >!$iscon t!blets !l+inic !cid' dried !lu(iniu( %*dro-ide' (!+nesiu( trisilic!te' sodiu( bic!rbon!te Fbutop Fkorel F(i+r!n Fnt!l =l!ricid 3!(isil ibupro)en nicor!ndil su(!tript!n sodiu( cro(o+lic!te cl!rit%ro(*cin terbin!)ine
3!r+!ctil 3escol 3e$itr! 3ipitor 3ocobiot!l 3ocoid C c%lor uin!ldol 3osec
c%lorpro(!2ine )lu$!st!tin $!rden!)il !tor$!st!tin )us!)un+ine %*drocortisone but*r!te' o(epr!2ole
4!!lo- 9lus !lu(iniu( %*dro-ide' (!+nesiu( %*dro-ide' si(eticone 4!!lo%*dro-ide !lu(iniu( %*dro-ide' (!+nesiu(
4!-ep! concentr!ted )is% oils cont!inin+ eicos!pent!enoic !cid 4e++e2ones 4eroc!ine 4erone( 4ic!rdis (ent%ol ben2oc!ine' cet*lp*ridiniu( (eropene( tel(is!rt!n
4icr!l!sodiu( citr!te' sodiu( !lk*lsulp%o!cet!te' sorbic !cid' +l*cerol' sorbitol
32" Appendi- A
4i+r!le$e pink t!blets p!r!cet!(ol' codeine bucli2ine 4i+r!le$e *ellow t!blets p!r!cet!(ol' codeine 4i+ril 4inulet 4i-t!rd isop%!ne 4obic 4ucod*ne 8!trili8eocl!rit*n 8e-iu( er+ot!(ine et%in*lestr!diol' +estodene bip%!sic isop%!ne insulin' (elo-ic!( c!rbocisteine ind!p!(ide deslor!tidine eso(epr!2ole
8i+%t 8urse de-tro(et%orp%!n' p!r!cet!(ol' pro(et%!2ine 8i2or!l 8o$o8or( 8uelin 8u$elle 8*st!n Ort%o->*nest Oru$!il Otosporin pol*(*-in 0 9!n!dol :-tr! 9!riet 9ers!ntin ketocon!2ole rep!+linide t%eop%*lline estr!diol' le$onor+estrel n*st!tin estriol ketopro)en %*drocortisone' neo(*cin' p!r!cet!(ol' c!))eine r!bepr!2ole dip*rid!(ole
9%illipsD 4ilk o) 4!+nesi! %*dro-ide 9l! uenil 9re(!rin 9re(p!k-C nor+estrel 9re-i+e 9roctosed*l %*drocortisone 9ro+*no$! 9ul(icort #e(ic!de
(!+nesiu(
%*dro-*c%loro uine con?u+!ted oestro+ens con?u+!ted oestro+ens' lu(ir!co-ib cinc%oc!ine' estr!diol budesonide in)li-i(!b
#ennie c!lciu( c!rbon!te' (!+nesiu( c!rbon!te #%inocort A u! #isperd!l S!no(i+r!n Septrin sul)!(et%o-!2ole budesonide risperidone pi2oti)en tri(et%opri('
9ropriet!r* 5tr!de7 n!(es !nd e ui$!lent +eneric n!(es 329
Sere$ent Sero uel Slow-= So)r!deSolp!deine 4!Sp!s(on!l Spor!noStel!2ine Ste(etil Stilnoct S*(bicort S*ndol p!r!cet!(ol T!(bocor T!$!nic Tenor(in Ti(optol To)r!nil Tr!nd!te Trise uens Trusopt Iltr!proct
s!l(eterol ueti!pine pot!ssiu( c%loride de-!(et%!sone' )r!(*cetin codeine' p!r!cet!(ol !l$erine itr!con!2ole tri)luoper!2ine proc%lorper!2ine 2olpide( budesonide' )or(oterol c!))eine' codeine' do-*l!(ine' )lec!inide le$o)lo-!cin !tenolol ti(olol i(ipr!(ine l!bet!lol estr!diol' noret%isterone dor2ol!(ide cinc%oc!ine' )luocortolone
Ini)lu c!))eine' codeine' dip%en%*dr!(ine' p!r!cet!(ol' p%en*lep%rine
Itinor Hentolin
nor)lo-!cin s!lbut!(ol
Hicks 4edinite de-tro(et%orp%!n' do-*l!(ine' ep%edrine' p!r!cet!(ol Hicks Sineo-*(et!2oline Hi$iopt!l biotin' c!lciu( !scorb!te' colec!lci)erol' c*!nocob!l!(in' de-p!nt%enol' )olic !cid' inositol' nicotin!(ide' p*rido-ine' ribo)l!$in' rutoside' t%i!(ine' $it!(in A' $it!(in :' c!lciu(' cob!lt' copper' iron' (!+nesiu(' (!n+!nese' pot!ssiu(' sodiu(' 2inc' !denosine' c%oline' et%*l linole!te' lecit%in' l*sine' orotic !cid Holt!rol Op%t%! Holt!rol @!l!t!n diclo)en!c diclo)en!c l!t!noprost
336 Appendi- A
@!tr!l @3
!l)u2osin
@*loproct !lu(iniu( !cet!te' %*drocortisone' lidoc!ine' 2inc o-ide @*2!l /!s(in C!diten C!nt!c Cestril Cin!ce) Co)r!n Co(i+ C*b!n C*loric le$ocetiri2ine drosperinone' et%in*lestr!diol ketoti)en r!nitidine lisinopril ce)uro-i(e ond!nsetron 2ol(itript!n bupropion !llopurinol
Appendi- 0 .e)initions o) conditions !nd ter(inolo+*
Adrenal atroph ! s%rink!+e o) t%e !dren!l +l!nd le!din+ to lower p%*siolo+ic!l !cti$it* A"ranuloc tosis! ! dr!stic reduction in t%e w%ite blood cell count Akathisia! ! condition w%ere t%e p!tient presents wit% restlessness !nd !+it!tion Al#u$inuria! !bnor(!ll* l!r+e u!ntities o) t%e protein !lbu(in in urine Aller"ic con%uncti&itis! in)l!((!tion o) t%e con?uncti$! c!used b* !n !ller+ic co(ponent Aller"ic rhinitis! %!* )e$er' in)l!((!tion o) t%e n!s!l p!t%w!*s Alopecia! %!ir loss Al'hei$er(s disease! pro+ressi$e deterior!tion o) co+niti$e )unc-tions A$nesia! (e(or* loss )ollowin+ br!in d!(!+e or tr!u(! Anal )issure! ! te!r in t%e skin o) t%e !n!l (!r+in Andro"enetic alopecia! (!le-p!ttern !lopeci! An"ina! t%or!cic p!in c!used b* l!ck o) o-*+en suppl* to t%e (*oc!rdiu( Aplastic anae$ia! reduction in t%e blood count o) !ll )or(ed ele(ents o) blood c!used b* )!ilure o) t%e bone (!rrow Ascites! !ccu(ul!tion o) )luids in t%e !bdo(en Asthenia! loss o) ener+* Asth$a! ! respir!tor* condition c!used b* constriction o) t%e bronc%i w%ic% le!ds to
recurrin+ episodes o) p!ro-*s(!l d*spnoe! !nd w%ee2in+ Ata*ia! in!bilit* to coordin!te (o$e(ents Athero"enesis! de$elop(ent o) pl! ues !lon+ t%e linin+ o) !rteries Athlete(s )oot! tine! pedis' )un+!l in)ection o) t%e )oot co((onl* presentin+ between t%e toes !nd on t%e soles Attention de)icit h peracti&it disorder! condition c%!r!cterised b* poor concentr!tion !nd in!bilit* to (!int!in !ttention' %*per-!cti$e st!te 33 1
332 Appendi- 0
Audit! !ssess(ent !nd e$!lu!tion procedures Autis$! ! (ent!l condition c%!r!cterised b* !bnor(!l soci!l rel!tions%ips' speec% proble(s' co(pulsi$e be%!$iour +arotrau$a! proble( t%!t de$elops bec!use o) e-posure to incre!sed en$iron(ent!l !ir pressure +asal cell carcino$a! ! (!li+n!nt tu(our in t%e epit%eli!l cells o) t%e skin +eni"n prostatic h perplasia! non-(!li+n!nt condition c!used b* enl!r+e(ent o) t%e prost!te +l!nd +rad cardia! %e!rt r!te less t%!n 66 be!tsL(inute +ronchitis! in)l!((!tion o) t%e (ucous (e(br!nes in t%e tr!c%eo-bronc%i!l tree +ronchoconstriction! constriction o) t%e bronc%i resultin+ in n!rrowin+ o) t%e respir!tor* !irw!*s +ronchospas$! !cute n!rrowin+ o) t%e respir!tor* !irw!*s c!used b* !n !bnor(!l contr!ction o) t%e s(oot% (uscle in t%e bronc%i Candidiasis! in)ection c!used b* !andida species Capsulitis! in)l!((!tion o) t%e c!psule usu!ll* occurrin+ in t%e s%oulder Cardio$ opath ! conditions t%!t inter)ere wit% c!rdi!c structure !nd )unction Carpal tunnel s ndro$e! co(pression o) t%e (edi!n ner$e wit%in t%e c!rp!l tunnel w%ic% is c%!r!cterised b* p!in in t%e wrist !nd %!nd Cataracts! ! condition w%ere t%ere is loss o) tr!nsp!renc* o) t%e lens
Chickenpo*! in)ection c!used b* t%e $!ricell! 2oster $irus Chloas$a! skin pi+(ent!tion o) t%e )!ce occurrin+ durin+ pre+n!nc* or wit% t%e use o) or!l contr!cepti$es Cholestasis! blockin+ o) t%e bile p!t%w!* in t%e bili!r* s*ste( Cirrhosis! ! c%ronic condition o) t%e li$er t%!t results in de+ener!tion o) t%e lobes !nd p!renc%*(! !nd )!tt* in)iltr!tion Cold sores! in)ection c!used b* %erpes si(ple- $irus Con"esti&e heart )ailure! ! condition w%ere t%e %e!rt is not pu(pin+ e))icientl* Con%uncti&itis! in)l!((!tion o) t%e con?uncti$!
.e)initions o) conditions !nd ter(inolo+* 333
Cushin"(s s ndro$e! ! (et!bolic disorder c!used b* e-cessi$e e-posure to cortisol or corticosteroids C stitis! urin!r* tr!ct b!cteri!l in)ection ,eep-&ein thro$#osis! t%ro(bus )or(!tion in one o) t%e deep $eins ,e$entia! ! pro+ressi$e or+!nic (ent!l condition c%!r!cterised b* i(p!ir(ent o) control o) (e(or*' disorient!tion !nd con)usion ,er$atitis herpeti)or$is! c%ronic condition c%!r!cterised wit% se$ere pruritus !nd skin lesions ,ia#etes $ellitus! ! condition c%!r!cterised b* disorders in c!rbo-%*dr!te' )!t !nd protein (et!bolis(' w%ic% usu!ll* le!ds to %*per+l*c!e(i! ,ia#etic nephropath ! disorders o) t%e kidne* !ssoci!ted wit% di!betes (ellitus ,ia#etic neuropath ! sensor* !nd (otor disturb!nces in t%e perip%er!l ner$ous s*ste( !ssoci!ted wit% di!betes (ellitus ,ia#etic retinopath ! d!(!+e in t%e retin!l blood $essels !ssoci!ted wit% di!betes (ellitus ,iuresis! incre!sed production !nd p!ss!+e o) urine , s$enorrhoea! p!in)ul (enstru!tion , spepsia! epi+!stric
disco()ort , spha"ia! di))icult* in sw!llowin+ , stonia! i(p!ir(ent in (uscle tone co((onl* occurrin+ !s e-cessi$e tone in t%e %e!d' neck !nd ton+ue Ectopic #eat! i(pulse in t%e %e!rt w%ic% does not ori+in!te )ro( t%e sino!tri!l node Ec'e$a! skin der(!titis o) unknown !etiolo+* Encephalitis! in)l!((!tion o) t%e br!in Endocarditis! )or(!tion o) lesions on endoc!rdiu( !nd %e!rt $!l$es Epileps ! neurolo+ic!l disorders c%!r!cterised b* recurrent occur-rences o) con$ulsi$e sei2ures !nd sensor* disturb!nces Epista*is! n!s!l bleedin+ Erectile d s)unction! i(potence Euphoria! !n intense )eelin+ o) well-bein+ Eustachian catarrh! block!+e o) t%e eust!c%i!n tube wit% disc%!r+e
334 Appendi- 0
E*trap ra$idal e))ects! in$olunt!r* (o$e(ents' c%!n+es in (uscle tone !nd in bod* posture E*tras stoles! c!rdi!c contr!ction resultin+ )ro( !n ectopic be!t E*tra&asation! seep!+e into tissues usu!ll* re)errin+ to !ntineopl!stic !+ents .astro-oesopha"eal re)lu* disease! re)lu- o) t%e contents o) t%e sto(!c% into t%e oesop%!+us .astroparesis! decre!sed +!stric (otilit* le!din+ to )!ilure o) t%e sto(!c% to e(pt* .lauco$a! r!ised intr!ocul!r pressure . naeco$astia! enl!r+e(ent o) one or bot% bre!sts in (!les /ae$ol tic disease! incre!sed r!te o) destruction o) er*t%roc*tes resultin+ in rele!se o) %!e(o+lobin /ae$ophilia! bleedin+ disorders c%!r!cterised b* ! de)icienc* o) )!ctors re uired )or blood co!+ul!tion /ae$opt sis! cou+%in+ blood /ae$orrha"e! ! l!r+e !(ount o) blood loss wit%in ! s%ort ti(e sp!n /ae$orrhoids! $!ricosities in t%e $eins o) t%e %!e(orr%oid!l ple-us in t%e lower rectu( !nd !nus /ae$ostasis! cess!tion o) bleedin+ /ead lice! p!r!sites t%!t !tt!c% to t%e %!ir /eart )ailure! %e!rt does not (eet t%e re uire(ents o) t%e bod* !nd t%e pu(pin+ !ction is less t%!n re uired
/eart#urn! p!in in t%e oesop%!+us usu!ll* c!used b* +!stro-oesop%!+e!l re)lu/epatic encephalopath ! %ep!tic co(!' li$er d!(!+e c%!r!cterised b* $!ri!ble de+rees o) consciousness /epatitis! in)l!((!tor* disorder o) t%e li$er / per#iliru#inae$ia! incre!sed !(ounts o) bilirubin in t%e blood / per"l cae$ia! %i+% blood +lucose le$el / perhidrosis! incre!sed perspir!tion / perkalae$ia! incre!sed pl!s(! pot!ssiu( le$el / perlipidae$ia! incre!sed pl!s(! lipid le$els / pernatrae$ia! incre!sed pl!s(! sodiu( le$el / perprolactinae$ia! incre!sed !(ounts o) prol!ctin in blood
/ pertension! incre!sed blood pressure / perth roidis$! incre!sed !cti$it* o) t%e t%*roid +l!nd / pertri"l ceridae$ia! !ccu(ul!tion o) )!t !s c%*lo(icrons in t%e blood / po"l cae$ia! low blood +lucose le$el / pokalae$ia! low pl!s(! pot!ssiu( le$el / ponatrae$ia! low pl!s(! sodiu( le$el / potension! low blood pressure / poth roidis$! decre!sed !cti$it* o) t%e t%*roid +l!nd 0ron-de)icienc anae$ia! !n!e(i! c!used b* iron de)icienc* 0schae$ic heart disease1 di(inis%ed o-*+en suppl* in t%e (*oc!rdi!l tissue cells 1aundice! *ellow discolor!tion o) t%e skin' e*es !nd (ucous (e(br!nes 1unctional tach cardia! c!rdi!c r%*t%( t%!t ori+in!tes )ro( t%e nod!l-;is re+ion 2ernicterus! !n !ccu(ul!tion o) bilirubin in t%e centr!l ner$ous s*ste( tissues t%!t occurs !s ! result o) %*perbilirubin!e(i! 3a# rinthitis! in)l!((!tion o) t%e inner e!r le!din+ to $erti+o 3ar n"itis1 in)l!((!tion o) t%e l!r*n3e)t &entricular )ailure! %e!rt )!ilure w%ere t%e le)t $entricle is )!ilin+ to pu(p )orce)ull* enou+% to (eet
t%e re uire(ents o) t%e bod* 3e"ionnaire(s disease! in)ection c!used b* 6egionella species le!din+ to pneu(oni! 3eptospirosis! !n in)ection c!used b* spiroc%!etes t%!t is tr!ns-(itted t%rou+% urine o) !ni(!ls especi!ll* r!ts !nd do+s 3i&id striae! sc!r wit% bluis% discolour!tion 4ale-pattern #aldness! b!ldness w%ere %!ir loss occurs !t t%e )ront 4ania! ps*c%i!tric disorder c%!r!cterised b* !+it!tion !nd el!ted (oods 4easles! !n !cute $ir!l in)ection o) t%e respir!tor* tr!ct !nd c%!r!cterised b* ! (!culop!pul!r cut!neous r!s% 4elaena! di+ested blood in stools indic!tin+ bleedin+ )ro( t%e upper +!strointestin!l tr!ct 45ni6re(s disease! condition o) t%e inner e!r c%!r!cterised b* episodes o) $erti+o
336 Appendi- 0
4enin"ococcal $enin"itis! in)ection o) t%e (enin+es c!used b* 2eisseria meningitidis 4enorrha"ia! e-cessi$e loss o) blood durin+ (enstru!tion 4eta#olic acidosis! !cidic p; in t%e bod* )luids 4iosis! decre!se in pupil si2e 4iotics! !+ents t%!t brin+ !bout (iosis 4otion sickness! ! condition c%!r!cterised b* n!use!' $o(itin+Q $erti+o c!used b* (o$e(ent 4ucositis! in)l!((!tion o) (ucous (e(br!nes 4u$ps! in)ection o) t%e p!rotid +l!nds c!used b* p!r!(*-o$irus 4 al"ia! (uscle p!in 4 asthenia "ra&is! ! condition presentin+ wit% c%ronic )!ti+ue !nd (uscle we!kness 4 coses! in)ecti$e conditions c!used b* )un+i 4 driasis! dil!tion o) t%e pupil 4 eloid leukae$ia! (!li+n!nt neopl!s( o) blood)or(in+ tissues 4 elosuppression! suppression o) t%e production o) blood cells !nd pl!telets in t%e bone (!rrow 4 ocardial in)arction! necrosis o) c!rdi!c (uscle 4 opath ! ! condition c%!r!cterised b* (uscle we!kness !nd w!stin+ 7apkin der$atitis! in)l!((!tion o) t%e skin in t%e n!pkin 5di!per7 !re! 7asal pol ps! n!s!l (ucos! t%!t pro?ects into t%e n!s!l c!$it* 7ecrosis! tissue de!t%
7ephrotic s ndro$e! ren!l condition c%!r!cterised b* proteinuri!' %*po!lbu(in!e(i! !nd oede(! 7eural tu#e de)ects! +roup o) con+enit!l (!l)or(!tions o) t%e skull !nd spin!l colu(n co((onl* occurrin+ bec!use o) )!ilure o) t%e neur!l tube to close durin+ pre+n!nc* 7europath ! in)l!((!tion or deterior!tion o) t%e perip%er!l ner$es 7eutropenia! ! reduction in t%e nu(ber o) neutrop%ils 7octurnal enuresis! in$olunt!r* urin!tion !t ni+%t durin+ sleep 8#sessi&e co$pulsi&e disorder! !n !n-iet* disorder c%!r!cterised b* repe!ted t%ou+%ts !nd )eelin+s o) obsessions or co(pulsions
8ede$a! !ccu(ul!tion o) )luid in interstiti!l sp!ces 8esopha"itis! in)l!((!tion o) t%e (ucos! linin+ t%e oesop%!+us 8ncho$ cosis! )un+!l in)ection o) t%e n!ils 8s$otic diuresis! diuresis c!used b* occurrence o) subst!nces in t%e kidne* suc% !s +lucose !nd ure! t%!t will c%!n+e os(osis in t%e kidne* 8steoporosis! loss o) bone densit* 9anc topenia! ! dr!stic reduction in w%ite blood cells' red blood cells !nd pl!telets 9anic disorder! !n !n-iet* !tt!ck presentin+ wit% p!nic 9araesthesia! nu(bness !nd tin+lin+ sens!tion 9aral tic ileus! decre!se or !bsence o) intestin!l perist!lsis 9arkinson(s disease! pro+ressi$e de+ener!ti$e neurolo+ic!l dise!se c%!r!cterised b* tre(ors !nd (uscle ri+idit* 9aro* s$al atrial )i#rillation! ! p!ro-*s(!l !bnor(!l contr!ction o) t%e !tri! 9e$phi"us! condition !))ectin+ skin !nd (ucous (e(br!nes c%!r!cterised b* )or(!tion o) bull!e 9eptic ulcer! loss o) (ucous (e(br!ne )ro( !re!s in t%e +!stro-intestin!l tr!ct t%!t !re e-posed to +!stric ?uices 9ericoronitis! in)l!((!tion o) +u( tissue !round t%e crown o) ! toot%' usu!ll* t%e t%ird (ol!r 9etechiae! %!e(orr%!+e occurrin+ in t%e der(!l or
sub(ucos!l l!*ers' w%ic% le!d to tin* purple or red spots !ppe!rin+ on t%e skin 9har n"itis! in)l!((!tion or in)ection o) t%e p%!r*n- 9hotopho#ia! !bnor(!l sensiti$it* to li+%t usu!ll* c!used b* dil!ted pupils 9leural #iops ! biops* o) t%e pleur!e 9leural e))usion! !ccu(ul!tion o) )luid in t%e intr!pleur!l sp!ces 9neu$onia! in)l!((!tion o) t%e lun+s o)ten c!used b* !n in)ection 9neu$othora*! lun+ coll!pse c!used b* collection o) !ir or +!s in t%e pleur!l sp!ce 9ol dipsia! !bnor(!l )eelin+ o) t%irst 9ol uria! !bnor(!l !(ounts o) urine e-creted
33" Appendi- 0
9orph ria! in%erited disorders presentin+ wit% incre!sed produc-tion o) porp%*rins in t%e bone (!rrow c%!r!cterised b* p%oto-sensiti$it*' !bdo(in!l p!in !nd neurop!t%* 9ostural h potension! low blood pressure' w%ic% occurs w%en !n indi$idu!l st!nds up 9rostatic h perplasia! enl!r+e(ent o) t%e prost!te +l!nd 9roteinuria! !bnor(!ll* l!r+e u!ntities o) proteins in urine 9ruritus! itc%in+ 9soriasis! c%ronic skin condition presentin+ wit% red !re!s co$ered wit% dr*' sil$er* sc!le 9s cho$otor a"itation! )eelin+ o) restlessness' co((onl* !ssoci-!ted wit% ps*c%i!tric disorders 9s choses1 (ent!l disorders 9ul$onar e$#olis$! obstruction o) t%e pul(on!r* !rter* b* ! t%ro(bus or )!t or !ir or tu(our tissue 9urpura! +roup o) bleedin+ disorders c%!r!cterised b* t%e occur-rence o) petec%i!e 9 re*ia! )e$er' ele$!ted bod* te(per!ture :adial keratoto$ ! sur+ic!l inter$ention w%ere incisions !re (!de on t%e corne! to correct ne!rsi+%tedness :a naud(s pheno$enon! inter(ittent occurrence o) isc%!e(i! in t%e e-tre(ities especi!ll* )in+ers' toes' e!rs' !nd nose co((onl* precipit!ted b* e-posure to e-tre(es o) te(per!ture
:e e(s s ndro$e! condition c%!r!cterised b* !cute encep%!lop!t%* !nd )!tt* in)iltr!tion o) t%e intern!l or+!ns :ha#do$ ol sis! potenti!ll* )!t!l condition o) skelet!l (uscle c%!r!cterised b* (*o+lobulinuri! :heu$atoid arthritis! ! c%ronic in)l!((!tor* condition t%!t %!s !n !utoi((une co(ponent t%!t !))ects ?oints :hinorrhoea! production !nd )ree disc%!r+e o) w!ter* n!s!l )luid :ound;or$! wor(s )ro( t%e p%*lu( 2ematoda :u#ella! ! $ir!l in)ection presentin+ wit% s*(pto(s o) ! (ild upper respir!tor* tr!ct in)ection' l*(p% node enl!r+e(ent' !rt%r!l+i! !nd ! di))use red (!culop!pul!r r!s% <al$onellosis! +!stroenteritis c!used b* -almonella species
<ca#ies! !n in)ecti$e condition c!used b* ! (ite' c%!r!cterised b* intense itc%in+' w%ic% le!ds to scr!tc%in+ <chi'ophrenia! ! +roup o) (ent!l disorders c%!r!cterised b* distor-tion o) re!lit*' wit%dr!w!l )ro( soci!l li)e !nd )r!+(ent!tion o) t%ou+%t !nd perceptions <e#orrhoeic ec'e$a! c%ronic in)l!((!tor* skin dise!se presentin+ wit% dr* or +re!s* sc!les !nd *ellowis% crust' w%ic% occurs co((onl* on sc!lp' e*elid' )!ce' !nd e!rs <ialolithiasis! )or(!tion o) c!lculi in ! s!li$!r* +l!nd <udden in)ant death s ndro$e! sudden !nd une-pected de!t% durin+ sleep o) !n !pp!rentl* %e!lt%* in)!nt < ncope! ! brie) loss o) consciousness < ste$ic lupus er the$atosus! ! c%ronic in)l!((!tor* condition t%!t !))ects (!n* s*ste(s in t%e bod* includin+ skin' kidne*s !nd ner$ous s*ste( =ach cardia! %e!rt r!te (ore t%!n 166 be!tsL(inute =ardi&e d skinesia! uncontroll!ble )!ci!l (o$e(ents =enos no&itis! in)l!((!tion o) ! tendon s%e!t% =etanus! !n !cute serious in)ection o) t%e centr!l ner$ous s*ste( c!used b* t%e b!cillus
!lostridium tetani =hro$#oc topenia! ! reduction in t%e pl!telet count =hro$#oc topenia purpura! ! dr!stic decre!se in pl!telet count le!din+ to bleedin+' petec%i!e !nd bruisin+ =inea pedis! !t%leteDs )oot =innitus! perception o) sound suc% !s bu22in+' %issin+ or puls!t-in+ noise in t%e e!rs =onic-clonic sei'ures! ! t*pe o) epileptic sei2ure c%!r!cterised b* ! +ener!lised in$olunt!r* (uscle contr!ction =o*ic $e"acolon! li)e-t%re!tenin+ condition c%!r!cterised b* in)l!ted colon !nd !bdo(in!l distension =ransient ischae$ic attacks! cerebro-$!scul!r insu))icienc* o) ! s%ort dur!tion >rticaria! ! skin condition c%!r!cterised b* pruritus ?aricella! c%ickenpo-' ! $ir!l condition c!used b* $!ricell! 2oster $irus ?aricosis! $!ricose $eins usu!ll* in t%e le+s
346 Appendi- 0 ?aso$otor rhinitis! c%ronic r%inorr%oe! occurrin+ wit%out in)ec-ti$e or !ller+ic co(ponent ?enous ulcers! sores t%!t occur in $eins t%!t %!$e been d!(!+ed' co((onl* occurrin+ in t%e le+s ?enous thro$#oe$#olis$! block!+e o) ! $ein b* !n e(bolus ?entricular arrh th$ias! de$i!tion )ro( t%e nor(!l p!ttern o) %e!rtbe!t ori+in!tin+ )ro( !bnor(!l electric!l !cti$!tion in t%e $entricles ?entricular )i#rillation! c!rdi!c !rr%*t%(i! c%!r!cterised b* irre+-ul!r r!pid !nd we!k contr!ctions in t%e le)t $entricle ?entricular tach cardia! t!c%*c!rdi! c!used b* consecuti$e $entric-ul!r co(ple-es ?erruca! w!rt' $ir!l skin in)ection ?erti"o! disturb!nce in t%e se(icircul!r c!n!l o) t%e inner e!r' w%ic% le!ds to sens!tions o) inst!bilit*' +iddiness !nd rot!tion ?itili"o! skin condition c%!r!cterised b* irre+ul!r p!tc%es t%!t e-%ibit loss o) pi+(ent @ol))-9arkinson-@hite s ndro$e! ! condition c%!r!cterised b* disruptions in t%e !trio$entricul!r conduction Aollin"er-Ellison s ndro$e! ! condition c%!r!cterised b* se$ere peptic ulcer!tion' +!stric %*persecretion' +!strino(! o) t%e p!ncre!s or duodenu(
Appendi- C Abbre$i!tions !nd !cron*(s
5;T AC: en2*(e A39 A3T
5-%*dro-*tr*pt!(ine !n+iotensin-con$ertin+ !lk!line p%osp%!t!se !l!nine tr!ns!(in!se
A49 !denosine (onop%osp%!te AST AT9 04F C8S !sp!rt!te tr!ns!(in!se !denosine trip%osp%!te bod* (!ss indecentr!l ner$ous s*ste(
COC co(bined or!l contr!cepti$e Co-c!reldop! le$odop! c!rbidop!'
Co-cod!(olcodeine' p!r!cet!(ol CO4T c!t%ecol-o(et%*ltr!ns)er!se Co-p%enotrope dip%eno-*l!te !tropine'
Co-pro-!(ol de-troprop%o-*p%ene' p!r!cet!(ol Co-tri(o-!2ole tri(et%opri(' sul)!(et%o-!2ole CT .4A#. co(puted to(o+r!p%* dise!se-(odi)*in+
!ntir%eu(!tic dru+ .HT :C> deep-$ein t%ro(bosis electroc!rdio+r!(
&F9 Fntern!tion!l 9%!r(!ceutic!l &eder!tion >69. +lucose-6-p%osp%!te de%*dro+en!se >A0A !cid +!((!-!(inobut*ric
>-CS& +r!nuloc*te-colon* sti(ul!tin+ )!ctor >S= >l!-oS(it%=line ;1-receptor %ist!(ine t*pe 1 receptor ;2-receptor %ist!(ine t*pe 2 receptor ;bA1c +l*cos*l!ted %!e(o+lobin ;.3 ;#T t%er!p* %i+%-densit* lipoprotein %or(one repl!ce(ent
F49 in$esti+!tion!l (edicin!l products 34 1
342 Appendi- C
F8# 3.3 34A;s 4#F 84.A 8SAF. O#S S8#F in%ibitor SS#Fs TCA TFA A;O
Fntern!tion!l 8or(!lised #!tio low-densit* lipoprotein low (olecul!r wei+%t %ep!rins (!+netic reson!nce i(!+in+ 8-(et%*l-.-!sp!rt!te non-steroid!l !nti-in)l!((!tor* dru+ or!l re%*dr!tion s!lts nor!dren!line !nd serotonin re-upt!ke selecti$e serotonin re-upt!ke in%ibitors tric*clic !ntidepress!nt tr!nsient isc%!e(ic !tt!cks Aorld ;e!lt% Or+!ni2!tion
#:4 sleep r!pid e*e (o$e(ent sleep

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Contents Section 1 Open-book Questions Test 1 Questions 3 2 Answers 7 Test 2 Questions 51 7 Answers 5 Test 3 Questions 99 Answers 123 Section

A%ic% is !n !ltern!ti$e prep!r!tion o) 3ipitorB A B C D E Co2!!r 3escol Cestril C!rdur! Tr!nd!te

Q7 All t%e )ollowin+ products cont!in ! loc!l !n!est%etic :@C:9T1

.e u!c!ine 4eroc!ine 0urn:2e Ant%is!n 9roctosed*l

Q16 is (!rketed !s T!$!nic

Select' )ro( A to E' w%ic% one o) t%e !bo$e corresponds to1

diclo)en Q21 !c silden!)i Q22 l su(!tript Q23 !n

Q31 Q32 Q33 Q34

1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl*

is !ssoci!ted wit% e!tin+

Questions 61E "6 15

True &!lse &!lse

&!lse True &!lse

Questions "1E 166 17

1" Test 11 Questions

Questions "1E 166 19

Questions "6E"71 Ise t%e prescription below1 9!tientDs n!(e ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

pu))s ds .octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Questions "1E 166 21

Q92 .epo-4edrone1 1 is !d(inistered p!renter!ll* 2 (!* be !d(inistered twice d!il*

Hi$iopt!l 4!-ep! :n-.e-=!* C!lciu(-S!ndo2

Questions "1E 166 25

t%e tre!t(ent o) !rr%*t%(i!s, An e-!(ple o) ! propriet!r* n!(e )or !(io-d!rone is Cord!rone @,

2" Test 11 Answers

. cont!ins cont!ins (ep*r!(ine' !n !nti%ist!(ine, de u!liniu('

3e$o)lo-!cin %!s +re!ter !cti$it* !+!inst pneu(ococci

p%osp%odiester!se t*pe-5 in%ibitor' is 166 (+,

3" Test 11 Answers

4" Test 11 Answers

e))ects' worsenin+ o) s*(pto(s o) coron!r* %e!rt dise!se !nd %ot )lus%es,

i) 3 onl* is correct .irections su((!rised A 1' 2' 3 0 C . 1 onl* : 3 onl*

1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl*

5" Test 21 Questions

!d$isin+ t%e p!tient to drink l!r+e $olu(es o) )luid

st!tinsB 1 2 3 +e()ibro2il di+o-in co-!(o-icl!$

Questions 61E "6 63

st!te(ent A 0 C . : True True True &!lse &!lse

Questions "1E 166 65

1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*

Questions "1E 166 67

use o) sp!cers use o) respir!tor solutions

6" Test 21 Questions

1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*

1' 2' 3 1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl* 1 onl* 3 onl*

.octorDs si+n!ture ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Questions "1E 166 73

7" Test 21 Answers

"6 Test 21 Answers

"2 Test 21 Answers

"4 Test 21 Answers

"6 Test 21 Answers

"" Test 21 Answers

166 Test 31 Questions

162 Test 31 Questions

#e(ic!de 4erone( Cin!ce) Co)r!n

164 Test 31 Questions

co-tri(o-!2ole ep%edrine !lco%ol !spirin c%lor!(p%enicol

166 Test 31 Questions

1' 2 onl* 2' 3 onl*

Questions 35E66 167

in$ol$es biops* o) !scites )luid

16" Test 31 Questions

t%e tre!t(ent o) !rr%t%(i!s, An e-!(ple o) ! propriet!r n!(e )or !(io-d!rone is Cord!rone @,

e))ects' worsenin+ o) s(pto(s o) coron!r %e!rt dise!se !nd %ot )lus%es,

(etronid!2ole nitro)ur!ntoin c%lor!(p%enicol do-ccline cipro)lo-!cin

is less likel* to c!use clinic!l %po+lc!e(i! t%!n sulp%on*lure!s

Q55 Teet%in+ +els cont!in 5!n71 1 2 3 !n!est%etic !ntiseptic !cetls!licclic !cid