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I dedicate this report to my parents and teachers. My beloved parents' and teachers thank you for all the little everyday things you do to let me know how much you care and for being the best parents and teachers anyone could ever ask for. I also dedicated this report to my friends in recognition of their worth my thanks to all of those who have generously contributed their theoretical knowledge to this report. Without their understanding and support, completion of this work would not have been possible. I hope people find this report useful and the subject matter adds to their knowledge. " eep your dreams alive. !nderstand to achieve anything re"uires faith and belief in yourself, vision, hard work, determination and dedication. #emember all things are possible for those who believe.
Regards:
Acknowledgment
In preparing this report a considerably amount of thinking and informational inputs from various sources were involved. I e$press my sincere gratitude to everyone who contributed towards making this report possible. Major contributions were received from officials at %ity&' network. I would like to thank the authorities of %ity&' news to give me the opportunity to do my internship at their prestigious organi(ation. )he e$perience and knowledge gained at %ity&' news helped me immensely to address and understand all the elements related to my report, which I otherwise would not have understood so well. I would like to specially thank my supervisor at City42 news Lahore, Mr !hahid Ali "arrukh #my supervisor$, %epartment &ead and other persons 'or his a(solute support, co)operation and encouragement that he e*tended to me 'rom the very 'irst day
+*ecutive !ummary
City42 ,ews Channel is a well reputed news organi(ation. )he path of success for %&' has been polished by the efficient and dedicated workforce. I observe the *+W, -+./#)M+*) of the company as it is the re"uirement of my internship. I learnt that how actually news organi(ations deal with the social issues and cover the events and incidents happens in society. I had also learnt that how company's different departments do their routine work specially *ews -epartment. I studied that presence of employees behavior and conducted this study to rectify whether the top managers, supervisors attitude and communication opportunities has any relationship with employees behavior or not. What factors lead to the low job satisfactions0 )his report includes that what is the nature of %&' news, its history, its competitors, its reporting and production criteria, its structure, selection of news among a lot of news detail of the %&' *ews office and bureau location. )his report gives a profile of %&' news and an insight into the %&' news department. /ll the functions and operations of news department are defined in the report including1 reporting and script writing, editing of assignments and footages, reports and packages on different issues etc. )his report also reflects my learning and e$periences at of %&' news along with my responsibilities and the tasks that I performed. )he most important part of this report is the %ritical, ,W2) analysis of organi(ation in the Media and news business sector, conclusion and recommendations for improvement.
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-he &ighly Rated and .nly City Channel
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%ity&' is .akistan first geographic based satellite city channel serving the greater 5ahore region. %ity&' is a hardcore news 6 infotainment packed channel with content focused on politics, current affairs, crime, local weather, local updates, events, happenings, sports, culture, music, films, drama etc related to greater 5ahore.
/fter launch %ity&' has consistently achieved top ratings in its category, with the top position in prime time on several occasions.
Competition
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-ue to it's focused 6 targeted approach, there is no direct competition to %ity&' 7owever, a competition of eyeballs does e$ist with other channels but with its uni"ueness, %ity&' will create greater, deeper and more loyal following.
/hy Lahore0
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,econd largest metropolitan city of .akistan consisting of over 89 Million people %ultural capital of .akistan +$tremely centrali(ed geographically 6 accessible from various directions of the province %aters to a variety of audience .rovides a nice balance of subjects to talk about
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It provides planners with a much needed regionally focused organi(ed medium for spreading their message to a focused audience .rovides a platform to show regional activities in addition to the regular advertising messages Its offers the best value for your advertising.
!trengths:)
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%ity&' comes with a number of attributes 6 benefits that can attract any planner or an advertiser: .rovides a medium through which any advertiser can spread its message across the entire city of 5ahore and its suburbs in the most organi(ed fashion / medium that has the capability to carry anything 5I;+ during its transmission +$tremely "uick response time with least amount of lead time re"uired to air anything due to focused 6 organi(ed operations.
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%ity &'
3icture 'ormat
Launched
Internal Communication:)
Internal environment is based on the hallmark of professionalism. %&''s 7# -epartment plans and e$ecutes cohesive and integrated communication designed specifically for its people to share the sense of pride and joy. Managers interact with their employees and communicate with everyone on an open forum culture. Managers communicate on the phone and over the internet to the head office which is in 5ahore.
Internal Culture:
)here is a code of conduct that all employees have to follow strictly. Eor e$ample: )hey have a *oD,moking environment however1 they have specified a (one for smoking only. +very employee has to display the %&''s Identity 3adge. )here is no formal dress code e$cept for certain levels such as, the 7eads of the -epartments, etc.
,ews %epartment:
*ews department is the backbone of news channel and the whole channel is based on news departments' active working. %&' has a news department which controls all the news on air in bulletin, tickers, breaking news, news inputs, outputs and packages etc. *ews department also deals with the input of the news. )hese are the sub departments of news department.
,ews input:
*ews input deals with the stories covered by reporters, assignment desk's working, reports and packages selection etc.
,ews output:
*ews output deals with the "uality of news either news has the "uality to on air, checking of scripts and footages and then passes news to go on air.
,ews packaging:
*ews packaging check and edit the package prepared by reports, there is a package producer in news packaging who pass the package and decide which package is on air at which time either a package should on air or not.
8raphics system:)
Fraphics system %&' is using that is the leader in real time digital graphics, integrated enterprise content management and distribution tool for visual communication. It tools enable organi(ation to create their message once and deliver it simultaneously to different media with major economies in production and increased impact. ,ystem products and solutions are used by major broadcast television networks, internet portals, museum, and universities around the world. It produce software that enables the creation and distribution of rich visual content of broadcast graphics, virtual environments, and "uantitative visuali(ation, and information display across networks that are deliver to different media platforms, including television, interactive television, the internet and the wireless application protocol.
Interviewing !tyle:)
*ow a days each and every channel give much more importance to the interviewing, as it is a way in which a news channels give the public something different then news. *ews is only fact and figures and highly objective but while interviewing them listening much more then that of objective views. Interviews are of different types, interviewing a politician about the political situation of political crises. ,ome are the personal interviews about the personal life of any prominent personality. 5ike actors, actress, player, politician, etc. .rofessional interviews are the interviews taken by the e$pert of any field so heBshe can put light on the issue, and discuss the problems related to their field. 5ike opinion of any business e$perts or a doctor about any problem. Interview to the government officials about their performance and issues related to their departments. ,treet walk interviews by the common people, so that they can share the problems with the administration. /nd put their opinion in front of government and they are doing very well.
,ews !tructure:)
With in the limits created by these goals, news stories also aim for the kind of comprehensiveness. 7owever, other factors are involved, some of which are practical and derived from the media form and other stylistic. )his is where information meets entertainment and shows are created that are e$citing to watch while being provocative and thoughtful.
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4 4 4 4 4 4 4 .olitics ,ports +ntertainment 3usiness International *ational #egional "3ut only related to 5ahore"
Marketing:)
Market is heading towards more and more advancements in technology, foreign collaborations and fierce competition. )here are many channels coming up and the good thing is that, besides *ews genre, other new genres are also being tapped like fashion, kids, +nglish entertainment etc. )he objective of marketing department is maintain positive, strong growth rate of news channel and retain market leadership penetrate new markets for increase is viewer ship of %&' ,ews Channel )his will, obviously, help the industry and in return, viewers, who will be provided with more and better options to watch and this will also help us in eliminating =or decreasing in other wordsA viewer's inclination towards Indian channels B Media.
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4 4 Increase the profit margin through efficiency Maintain a significant research and development budget
!ocial:
-uring the formation of marketing strategies, %&' looks after a lot of factors. -eep study of local culture and social setups is also one of the major factors which account much in successful strategy formation of %&'. )he study of society helps to understand the consumer behavior and in turn assists %&' to improve their marketing strategies by understanding issues like: 4 4 4 4 4 )he psychology of how ;iewers is influenced by culture, family and social setups. /s .akistan is an Islamic country and people are very strict in case of Islam any thing against the philosophy of Islam on either print or electronic media are treated as against .akistan. Most of the people dislike anything e$tra ordinary or something which sabotage their culture or subculture. %ompanies who are targeting upperDend of market mostly published and aired their advertisement in +nglish language. In metropolitan cities women are doing work along with their other responsibilities but other than metropolitan cities it is difficult for women to convince their parents and spouses for work.
"inance:
%&' is a non profit oriented organi(ation. In the back room, sit people who are number crunchers, planners, forecasters, financial analysts, budget monitors, and trend spotters. )hey understand the industry and with constant research make sure that projections are met and budgets and time lines are respected. Einancial objectives of %&' are Increase the profit margin through efficiency, maintain a significant research and development budget. Einance department of %&' is accountable for all the issues related to financial transactions no matter it is managerial accounting or financial accounting. Einance department of %&' deals with issues related to Einancial /ccounting, Ei$ed /ssets, /ccounts .ayable, and Feneral 5edger maintenance and treasury control. ,o, finance department is divided in two divisions according to matters dealt.
/-MI*I,)#/)I2* -+./#)M+*):
)his is a centrali(ed department responsible for various administration and general which include: H 5ocal Fovernment #elations H 2ffice Maintenance and management H 2ffice 3uilding 5ocations B %ivil Works H %oordination with /rchitects B %ontractors H )ransportation office supervision tasks
Research %epartment:
%&' carries out research in various mediums on components like advertising, market intelligence, television viewer ship and masses' penetration of those mediums. )hese are the basic components, their roots captivates not only the micro changes but also the macro variations on the spectrum of information and entertainment.
I - %epartment:
Information )echnology is the lifeline of the %&' news organi(ation supporting all the functions without any interruption catering for all software needs and MI, re"uirements '&B?.
&R %epartment:
7# department is a growing to become a need for every organi(ation which want to grow and make a proficient work environment. %&''s 7# department's duties are:
!election Criteria:
)he selection is entirely base on merit, which confirms to selection criteria without any bias towards, gender, religion, race, color, nationality, age, and according to the procedures laid down in the 7#- policies.
!election 3rocedure:
4 4 4 4 4 4 Eilling out application forms. /pplication screening. ,hort listing )ests. =Written and .racticalA Interview. Einal selection. 2rientation
the allDnew employees that they hire to rotate in the factory departments daily so the employees must know in which environment and in which circumstances they had to work. 2nce they are hired %&' provides them with foreign training usually from %** and 33%. 7owever, the training is an ongoing process apart from the off job training. Eor this purpose, they are attached with a senior to supervise them.
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4 4 4 Willingness to help eeping customers informed #esponding to re"uests
opportunity to establish contacts with employers for possible job interviews following graduation. Many employers are now looking for college graduates who have completed an internship. It's never too early to start planning for my internship. )he total process finding an internship and applying and interviewing for it, can take several weeks. 4 4 4 4 4 I talk with my faculty internship coordinator in my department and a career services advisory to find out what internship resources was available to me on campus. I wrote my resume and cover letter. I decided what I would like from your internship. #esponsibilities0 %ompensation0 +$perience0 I defined where I was like to do my internship. #eporting0 .roduction0 *ewsroom0 )hen I started research for internship opportunities. 2btained general information about the company, internship programs, contact people and deadlines.
%&' is a dynamic news organi(ation with a powerful culture that allows people to make the most of their skills, personality and career. I developed such knowledge and skills which directed to my career. )he internship program at %&' is designed in such a way that it ensures ma$imum learning in ones chosen career area and provides the person with an insight into the company, work and people.
%ity&' is incorporated on 8& /ugust, '99C. )here are many departments in this 3ranch namely: 4 *ews -epartment 4 /rchives -epartment 4 .rogramming -epartment I worked in %&' as an internee which is located in 5ahore. It covers the news of 5ahore... I worked under the supervisor Mr. aram +llahi Fondal who is senior assignment editor. %&' consist one bureau chief, two assignment desks in charges, two desk coordinators 8? reporters, @ *5+ =non linear editorsA. I have covered the news events and incident as a reporter, maintaining and checking the news script as a copy editor, assignment desk coordinator, and in monitoring room. I also observe the *ews -epartment as it is the re"uirement of my internship report. %&' is strongly focused on *ews -epartment.
-raining program:
I got training in %ity&' and observe the news room of the %&' ,o I can describe detail of both departments as well as other departments that how they are working in this organi(ation.
day reporting matters, making news, script writing, and asking "uestion confidently, observe and investigate the reality. I have assigned the task to gather tickers from the other news channel and type those tickers and send to the tickers desk, make reports, and file news stories and to search the issues for making reports and package. %ity&' provides me opportunity to know about the news making and reporting techni"ues. My supervisor also assigned me tasks to send the final news package to news anchor and search the issues from community observation, news papers reading, public opinion etc. I had been asked to observe the #eporter's activities. ,o that It will helpful for me in the future life and increase my worth
Critical analysis
)he manager's job is viewed as coaching or guiding workers to choose the best paths for reaching their goals. "3est" is judged by the accompanying achievement of organi(ational goals. It is based on the precepts of goal setting theory and argues that leaders will have to engage in different types of leadership behavior depending on the nature and demands of the particular situation. It's the leader's job to assist followers in attaining goals and to provide direction and support needed to ensure that their goals are compatible with the organi(ations. / leader's behavior is acceptable to subordinates when viewed as a source of satisfaction and motivational when need satisfaction is contingent on performance, and the leader facilitates, coaches and rewards effective performance. .ath goal theory identifies achievementDoriented, directive, participative and supportive leadership styles. In achievementDoriented leadership, the leader sets challenging goals for followers, e$pects them to perform at their highest level, and shows confidence in their ability to meet this e$pectation. )his style is appropriate when the follower suffers from a lack of job challenge. In directive leadership, the leader lets followers know what is e$pected of them and tells them how to perform their tasks. )his style is appropriate when the follower has an ambiguous job. .articipative leadership involves leaders consulting with followers and asking for their suggestions before making a decision. )his style is appropriate when the follower is using improper procedures or is making poor decisions. In supportive leadership, the leader is friendly and approachable. 7e or she shows concern for followers' psychological well being. )his style is appropriate when the followers lack confidence. .athDFoal theory assumes that leaders are fle$ible and that they can change their style, as situations re"uire. )he theory proposes two contingency variables =environment and follower characteristicsA that moderate the leader behaviorDoutcome relationship. +nvironment is outside the control of followersDtask structure, authority system, and work group. +nvironmental factors determine the type of leader behavior re"uired if follower outcomes are to be ma$imi(ed. Eollower characteristics are the locus of control, e$perience, and perceived ability. .ersonal characteristics of subordinates determine how the environment and leader are interpreted. +ffective leaders clarify the path to help their followers achieve their goals and make the journey easier by reducing roadblocks and pitfalls. #esearch demonstrates that employee performance and satisfaction are positively influenced when the leader compensates for the shortcomings in either the employee or the work setting. Eair media doesn't means media being true only in critical manner but its responsibility is to provide true but balance news. Media must not try to e$aggerate the original news. ,tarting from the current regime when government introduced laws to control the media to be fair, the government setDup #egulatory /uthority for Media 3roadcasting 2rgani(ation. Eree media, media should be free, freedom of speech are some of slogan that are often heard from many
media personalities at different times and many of them believe they have won freedom after the fight with government for their rights and what I think is that it was only the will of government who gave this freedom to them otherwise I think that was impossible one of the step to make them free and prosper was when the government on Ganuary 8@, '998 approved the proposal to establish *ational Institute of Mass %ommunication in Islamabad by ministry of Information to integrate the training establishments of the .akistan )elevision, .akistan 3roadcasting %orporation and the Information services. )he official statement said it would be a degreeDawarding institute with state of art training facilities. ,)#+*F)7: 4 ,trong image 4 3iggest viewer ship 4 /dvance technology 4 !nbiased, accurate and timely '&Dhour news in K!rdu language'. 4 Most competitive work team. 4 Foodwill as the largest media group in the country. W+/ *+,,: 4 4 4 It is a newly established company so it is still under the learning process. 3ecause .akistan has no institute that provides formal education on this field they are re"uired to have all employees trained from foreign institutions. 5ack of innovation in the entertainment scene.
2..2#)!*I)I+,: 4 -emand for "uality entertainment 4 2pportunity for increasing customers 4 Frowing awareness about %ity&' of the people. )hey are attracted towards entertainment. 4 Increase in viewerDship 4 It increases cultural activities. )7#+/),: 4 Eear of competition: 4 +specially in entertainment because of new channels. 4 #etention of employees 4 !nstable political situation When looking at the matri$ it is clear that an opportunity that gives a lot of highly positive effects is that there is a lot of demand for "uality entertainment. /lso the fact that %ity&' offers a huge range of entertainment, educate, infotainment and news products is a steady aspect in giving the organi(ation a likeliness to succeed. )he %ity&' claims to be socially responsible do not appear to compensate for the threats in the market such as the intense competition and the fact that there are retention of employees. 7owever, because %ity&' ); is associated with the upper class, many of the threats that come from the weak economy are relatively irrelevant since a weak economy mainly influences the buying power of the lower class incomes. !nstable political situation is a threat that effect the stability of organi(ation is the list of )op channels. )here should be certain limits for media that media should follow and provide news within these limits if the news media stayed within these limits then it is e$pected that the license will be issued to the new news
channels in the new future. #ecently we have seemed that .akistani news media has been portraying the negative aspects of the government and neglecting the positive work of the government. In the future it should cover both side of the picture. In the future .akistani news media should be fair enough to e$ploit the evils of the society as well as to appreciate the goodness of society.
Conclusion:
%ity&' is a place where one can live his dreams and pursue a career that reflects his skills and passions. %ity&' give fle$ibility for change, the opportunity to learn, and providing career options with endless possibilities. )he purpose of this report is to describe that how things done in the %ity&' I describe all the things that I can understand. I observed that all other companies do their work in the same routine but the difference is made in the strategy, policies and implementation sector. )he City429s team believes that all employees have a right to offer input and be involved in helping their organi(ation grow. )he 7# -epartment wants to create a work environment in which employees can improve their minds, continuously learn, gain professional growth and feel inspired by similarly motivated individuals. )he *ews team takes pride in providing the best possible news services. )hey take a constant interest in ones progress by conducting evaluations and offering the support and resources one needs. )he %ity&' is the backbone of the organi(ation as it is meant to cover the news, inform people about the event, incidents as "uickly, educate and entertain people, convey the message of both sides and perform as a neutral but highlight the social issues for their solution. )he 7# -epartment hires highly "ualified and competent individuals through a screening process. 2utsourcing makes sure that the selection is free from biases. /ll the employees in %ity&' are e"ually treated1 there is internal e"uity as well as e$ternal e"uity. )he staff at %ity&' is given incentives and rewards so that motivation and encouragement is e$pressed. )he skills of employees are developed through proper training 6 development phases. )his becomes a major factor in the career growth of an employee. )he %ity&' is doing its best efforts stand the channel at the level of top to the employees, yet there is always some room for improvement. /s the media is knows as the fourth pillar of the state. /s we have noticed that in the past few year the news media grows at a very rapid pace and we e$pected to grow at a same pace in the near future due to the current situation of .akistani news media, the news media have to be more responsible in the future and promote positive image of .akistan in the world. In short the future of .akistani news media should be moderate. *ews media should provide public with true news rather than e$aggerated news.
#+E#+*%+, /*- ,2!#%+, !,+%ity&' *ews 7ead 2ffice, 5ahore %hief %opy +ditor, Mr. ,hahid /li Earrukh ,enior #eporters +ditors
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