Professor Xiao Yun Xu

Name: Xiao Yun Xu, MSc, Ph.D. Current post: Professor of Biofluid Mechanics, Director of Postgraduate Studies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Tel: +44 207 5945588. Education: BSc Thermo-Fluids Engineering, Dalian University of Science & Technology (Dalian, China) MSc Thermo-Fluids Engineering, Dalian University of Science & Technology (Dalian, China) Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering, City University, London.

1984 1987 1992

Positions and Employment 1998-2009 Lecturer, Senior lecturer and Reader in Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London 2009Professor of Biofluid Mechanics, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London Other Appointment 2007-2010 Adjunct Professor, Xian Jiaotong University, China 2010-2013 Adjunct Professor, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, China Memberships of Editorial Board and Scientific Advisory Board Member of Editorial Board of ACTA Biophysics Sinica Member of Editorial Board of International Journal of Applied Mechanics, since 2008 Member of Editorial Board of Journal of Engineering Science & Technology, since 2007 Associate Editor of Advances in Computational Bioengineering Series, WIT Press, 1998-2003 Awards Supervisor of a student who won 1st prize of the PhD paper competition at the ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference, 2007. Supervisor of a student who won the Young Investigators Award at the 2nd Symposium on Biomechanics in cardiovascular Diseases, Rotterdam, 2007. Supervisor of a student who won the PhD student award for the best presentation at the 4th European Congress of Medical and Biomedical Engineering, 2008. Professional Engineering Publishing Award for the best paper in Journal of Engineering in Medicine (2008) Imperial College Reactors Award for Excellence in Research Supervision (2009) Relevant Research Interests Professor Xus research interests cover biomedical engineering and bioprocessing, with a special focus on transport processes in biological and physiological systems. Examples of her current research are: imaging and computational analysis of cardiovascular fluid mechanics and mass transport, multi-scale modeling of drug delivery to solid tumour, nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery in cancer and thrombolytic therapies, rheological behavior of biomass suspensions and solid-liquid mixing in bioreactors for the production of fuels from energy crops. She has published over 100 peer-reviewed journal papers, and supervised 36 PhD students. List of Selected Publications (from over 100 journal papers) 1. Zhang X, Luckham PF, Hughes AD, Thom S, Xu XY. Towards an understanding of the release behaviour of temperature-sensitive liposomes: a possible explanation of the psedoequilibrium release behaviour at the phase transition temperature. J Liposome Res 2013, doi: 10.3109/08982104.2013.779702.

Professor Xiao Yun Xu

2. Zhan W, Xu XY. A mathematical model for thermosensitive liposomal delivery of doxorubicin to solid tumour. Journal of Drug Delivery 2013, 172529, doi: 10.1155/2013/172529 3. Liu C, Krishnan J, Xu XY. Investigating the effects of ABC transport-based acquired drug resistance mechanisms at the cellular and tissue scale. Integrative Biology 2013; 5:555-568. 4. Kousera CA, Wood NB, Seed WA, Torii R, ORegan D, Xu XY. A numerical study of aortic flow stability and comparison with in vivo flow measurements. . J Biome Eng 2013, 135:011003. 5. Liu X, Fan Y, Xu XY, Deng X. Nitric oxide transport in an axisymmetric stenosis. J R Soc Interface, 2012, 9(75):2468-2478. 6. Torii R, El-Hamamsy I, Donya M, V Babu-Narayan S, Ibrahim M, Kilner PJ, Mohiaddin RH, Xu XY, Yacoub MH. Integrated morphologic and functional assessment of the aortic root after different tissue valve replacement procedures. J Thorac Cardiolvasc Surg 2012, 143:1422-1428. 7. Cheng Z, Riga CV, Chan J, Hamady MS, Wood NB, Cheshire NJW, Xu XY, Gibbs RGJ. Initial findings and potential applicability of computational simulation of the aorta in acute type B dissection. J Vasc Surg 2013, 57:35S-43S. 8. Wang Y, Downie S, Wood NB, Firmin D, Xu XY. Finite element analysis of the deformation of deep veins in the lower limb under external compression. Med Eng Phys 2012: 10.1016/j/medengphy.2012.06.019. 9. Massai D, Soloperto G, Gallo D, Xu XY, Morbiducci U. Shear-induced platelet activation and its relationship with blood flow topology in a numerical model of stenosed carotid bifurcation. European Journal of Mechanics B Fluids 2012, 35:92-101. 10. Liu D, Wood NB, Witt N, Hughes AD, Thom SA, Xu XY. Assessment of energy requirement for the retinal arterial network in normal and hypertensive subjects. J Biomech Eng 2012, 134:014501. 11. Pierce IP, Gatehouse PD, Kalodiki E, Lattimer C, Geroulakos G, Xu XY, Firmin DN. Magnetic resonance venous velocity mapping during intermittent pneumatic compression of the calf and foot. Phlebology 2012, 27:352-359. 12. Torii R, Xu XY, El-hamamsy I, Mohiaddin R, Yacoub MH. Computational biomechanics of the aortic root. Aswan Heart Centre Science & Practice Series 2011, 16:1-17. doi:10.5339/ahcsps.2011.16. 13. Moraldo M, Bergamini C, Malaweera ASN, Dhutia NM, Pabari PA, Wilson K, Baruah R, Manisty C, Davies JE, Xu XY, Hughes AD, Francis DP. A novel fully automated method for mitral regurgitation orifice area quantification. Intl. J. Cardiology 2011, doi:10.1016/j.ijcard2011.11.104. 14. Wang Y, Pierce I, Gatehouse PD, Wood NB, Firmin DN, Xu XY. Analysis of flow and wall shear stress in the peroneal veins under external compression based on real time MR images. Med Eng Phys 2012, 34:17-27. 15. Foin N, Torii R, Mortier P, de Beule M, Viceconte N, Chan PH, Davies JE, Xu XY, Krams R, Di Mario C. Kissing balloon or sequential dilatation of the side branch and main vessel for provisional stenting of bifurcations: lessons from micro-CT and computational simulations. JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions 2012, 5:47-56. 16. Ma CY, Panoskaltsis N, Kumar R, Xu XY, Mantalaris A. Simulation of ex vivo bone marrow culture: application to chronic myeloid leukaemia growth model. Biochemical Eng J. 2012, 61:66-77. 17. Liu C, Krishnan J, Xu XY. A system-based mathematical modelling framework for investigating the effect of drugs on solid tumours. Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling 2011, B:45, doi:10.1185/1742-4682-8-45. 18. Liu C, Krishnan J, Stebbing J, Xu XY. Use of mathematical models to understand anticancer drug delivery and its effect on solid tumors. Pharmacogenomics 2011; 12:1337-1348. 19. Su J, Gu Z, Xu XY. Discrete element simulation of particle flow in arbitrarily complex geometries. Chem Eng Sci 2011, 66:6069-6088. 20. Tan FPP, Wood NB. Tabor G, Xu XY. Comparison of LES of steady transitional flow in an idealised stenosed axisymmetric artery model with a RANS transitional model. ASME J Biomech Eng 2011; 133:051001-1-12. 21. Ariff B, Glor, FP, Crowe L, Xu XY, Vennart W, Firmin DN, Thom SM, Hughes AD. Carotid artery hemodynamics: Observing patient-specific changes with Amlodipine and Lisinopril by using MR imaging computational fluid dynamics. Radiology 2010; 257:662-669.

Professor Xiao Yun Xu

22. Soloperto G, Keenan NG, Sheppard MN, Ohayon J, Wood NB, Pennell DJ, Mohiaddin RH, Xu XY. Combined imaging, computational and histological analysis of a ruptured carotid plaque: a patient-specific analysis. Artery Research 2010; 4(2):59-65. 23. Makris GC, Nicolaides AN, Xu XY, Geroulakos G. Introduction to the biomechanics of carotid plaque pathogenesis and rupture: review of the clinical evidence. Brit J Radiol 2010; 83:729735. 24. Torii R, Keegan J, Wood NB, Dowsey AW, Hughes AD, Yang G, Firmin DN, Thom SA, Xu Y, MR image-based geometric and hemodynamic investigation of the right coronary artery with dynamic vessel motion. Ann Biomed Eng 2010; 38:2606-2620. 25. Xu XY, Borghi A, Nchimi A, Lueng J, Gomez P, Cheng Z, Defraigne JO, Sakalihasan N. High levels of 18F-FDG uptake in aortic aneurysm wall are associated with high wall stress. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 2010; 39(3): 295-301. 26. Cheng Z, Tan FPP, Riga CV, Bicknell CD, Hamady MS, Gibbs RGJ, Wood NB, Xu XY. Analysis of Flow Patterns in a Patient-Specific Aortic Dissection Model. ASME J Biomech Eng 2010; 132: 051007-1-9. 27. Torii R, Keegan J, Wood NB, Dowsey AW, Hughes AD, Yang GZ, Firmin DN, Thom SAM, Xu XY. The effect of dynamic vessel motion on haemodynamic parameters in the right coronary artery: a combined MR and CFD study. Brit J Radiol. 209; 82:S24-S32. 28. Sun N, Leung JH, Wood NB, Hughes AD, Thom SA, Cheshire NJ, Xu XY. Computational analysis of oxygen transport in a patient-specific model of abdominal aortic aneurysm with intraluminal thrombus. Brit J Radiol 2009; 82:S18-S23. 29. Liu D, Wood NB, Witt N, Hughes AD, Thom SA, Xu XY. Computational analysis of oxygen transport in the retinal arterial network. Current Eye Research 2009; 34:945-956. 30. Giannakoulas G, Konstantinos D, Xu XY. Modelling in congenital heart disease. Art or science? Int J Cardiol 2009; 133:141-144. 31. Jackson M, Wood NB, Zhao S, Augst A, Wolfe JH, Gedroyc WM, Hughes AD, Thom SA, Xu XY. Low wall shear stress predicts subsequent development of wall hypertrophy in lower limb bypass grafts. Artery Res. 2009; 3: 32-38. 32. Tan FPP, Borghi A, Mohiaddin R, Wood NB, Thom SA, Xu XY. Fluid-structure interaction analysis of wall stress and flow patterns in a thoracic aortic aneurysm. Int J Appl Mechanics 2009;1: 179-199. 33. Torii R, Wood NB, Hadjiloizou N, Dowsey AD, Wright AR, Hughes AD, Davies J, Francis DP, Mayet J, Yang G, Thom SA, Xu XY. Fluid-structure interaction analysis of a patient-specific right coronary artery with physiological velocity and pressure waveforms. Commun. Numer. Meth. Engng. 2009;25: 565-580. 34. Sun N, Torii R, Wood NB, Hughes AD, Thom SA, Xu XY. Computational modelling of LDL and albumin transport in an anatomically realistic human right coronary artery. ASME J Biomech Eng. 2009; 131, 021003-1-9. 35. Torii R, Wood NB, Hadjiloizou N, Dowsey AD, Wright AR, Hughes AD, Davies J, Francis DP, Mayet J, Yang G, Thom SA, Xu XY. Stress phase-angle depicts differences in coronary artery hemodynamics due to changes in flow and geometry after percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 296:H765-H776. 36. Su J, Jiao J, Gu Z, Xu XY. Simulation of micro-behaviours including nucleation, growth and aggregation in particle system. Science in China Series B: Chemistry 2009; 52: 241-248. 37. Downie SP, Raynor S, Firmin DN, Wood NB, Thom SA, Hughes AD, Parker KH, Wolfe JNH, Xu XY. The effect of elastic compression stockings on wall shear stress in deep and superficial veins of the calf, Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2008; 294:H2112-2120. 38. Tan FPP, Soloperto G, Bashford S, Wood NB, Thom SA, Hughes AD, Xu XY. Analysis of flow disturbance in a stenosed carotid artery bifurcation using two-equation transitional and turbulence models. ASME J Biomech Eng. 2008; 130:061008-1-12. 39. Long Q, Merrifield R, Xu XY, Kilner PJ, Firmin DN, Yang GZ. Subject-specific computational simulation of left ventricular flow based on magnetic resonance imaging. J Eng Med. 2008; 222:475-485. 40. Su J, Gu Z, Li Y, Feng S, Xu XY. An adaptive direct quadrature method of moment for population balance equations. AIChE J. 2008; 54: 2872-2887.

Professor Xiao Yun Xu

41. Borghi A, Wood NB, Mohiaddin RH, Xu XY, Fluid-solid interaction simulation of flow and stress pattern in thoracoabdominal aneurysms: a patient specific study, J. Fluids Struct. 2008; 24: 270280. 42. Augst AD, Ariff B, Thom SA, Xu XY, Hughes AD. Analysis of complex flow and relationship between blood pressure, wall shear stress and intima-media thickness in the human carotid artery, Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2007; 293: H1031-1037. 43. Downie SP, Firmin DN, Wood NB, Thom SA, Hughes AD, Wolfe JNH, Xu XY. The role of MRI in investigating the effects of elastic compression stockings on the deformation of the superficial and deep veins in the lower leg. J Magn Reson Imaging 2007; 26:80-85. 44. Sun N, Wood NB, Hughes AD, Thom SA, Xu XY. Influence of pulsatile flow on LDL transport in the arterial wall. Ann Biomed Eng. 2007; 35:1782-1790. 45. Sun N, Wood NB, Hughes AD, Thom SA, Xu XY. Effects of transmural pressure and wall shear stress on LDL accumulation in the arterial wall: a numerical study using a multi-layered model. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007; 292:H3148-3157. 46. Ma CYJ, Kumar R, Xu XY. A combined fluid dynamics, mass transport and cell growth model for a three-dimensional perfused bioreactor for tissue engineering of haematopoietic cells. Biochem Eng J. 2007; 35:1-11. 47. Torii R, Wood NB, Hughes AD, Thom SA, Agudo-Sierra J, Davies JE, Francis DP, Parker KH, Xu XY. A computational study on the influence of catheter-delivered intravascular probes on blood flow in a coronary artery model. J Biomechanics (2007); 40:2501-2509. 48. Su J, Gu Z, Li Y, Feng S, Xu XY. Solution of population balance equation using quadrature method of moments with an adjustable factor. Chem. Eng. Sci. (2007);62:5897-5911. 49. Wood NB, Zhao SZ, Zambanini A, Jackson M, Gedroyc W, Thom SA, Hughes AD, Xu XY. Curvature and tortuosity of the superficial femoral artery: A possible risk factor for peripheral arterial disease. J Appl Physiol. 2006; 101: 1412-1418. 50. Sun N, Wood NB, Hughes AD, Thom SA, Xu XY. Fluid-wall modelling of mass transfer in an axisymmetric stenosis: effects of shear-dependent transport properties. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 2006; 34:1119-1128. 51. Ariff B, Zambanini A, Vamadeva S, Barratt D, Xu Y, Sever P, Stanton A, Hughes AD, Thom S. Candesartan- and Atenolol-based treatments induce different patterns of carotid artery and left ventricular remodelling in hypertension. Stroke 2006; 37: 2381-2384. 52. Glor FP, Ariff B, Hughes AD, Verdonck PR, Thom SA, Barratt DC, Xu XY. Operator dependence of 3D ultrasound-based computational fluid dynamics for the carotid bifurcation. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2005; 24:451-456. 53. Ricard F, Brechtelsbauer C, Xu XY, Lawrence C. Monitoring of multiphase pharmaceutical processes using electrical resistance tomography. Chem. Eng. Research and Design 2005; 83: 795-805. 54. Lee KW, Wood NB, Xu XY. Ultrasound image-based computer model of a common carotid artery with plaque. Medical Eng & Phys 2004, 26:823-840. 55. Marshall I, Zhao SZ, Papathanasopoulou P, Hoskins P, Xu XY. MRI and CFD studies of pulsatile flow in healthy and stenosed carotid bifurcation models. J. Biomechanics 2004; 37:679687.