I.

Th hin ti n gin(Present Simple Tense)

1. Cng thc (Form)
S+ V(s/es)/ be
Ex : want-- wants ; give--- gives ; be--- am; is ; are
* Cc ng t kt thc bi ui: -sh;-ch;-o;-ss;-x c thm "es" khi chia vi ngi th 3 s
t (v d: wash -- washes; watch -- watches...)
* Cc ng t kt thc bi ui: -y, chng ta chuyn thnh "i" ri thm " es" ( v d: study
-- studies ...)
2/ Cc trng t ch tn sut:
* Never; seldom; rarely; sometimes; often; usually; always; normally; ocassionally...
* From time to time; constantly; now and then; frequently; every (...); once; twice; three
times a day ...
3/ Cc s dng (Uses):
a/ Miu t cc s vic lun lun ng:
Ex: Hai Duong is not as big as Hanoi
b/ Cc thi quen lp i lp li hin ti :
Ex: I often go to school at 7 a.m.
c/ Thi kha biu / Lch trnh:
Ex: The film starts at 8 pm.
d/ Miu t trng thi: Likes, interests, belief, hopes:
* Love, like, hate, dislike, enjoy, prefer, detest, fancy....
* Thinks, wonder, consider, suppose, doubt....
* Want, need, wish, hope, believe, expect, know, understand,....
e/ Cc ng t ch trc gic: Hear, see, smell, look, notice, seem, sound...
f/ Cc ng t xc nh, bao gm:
Contain, consist, feel, last, depend, matter, belong, fit, suit, weigh, own, mean, seem,
appear...
g/ Plot of a film, play, book ...:
Ex: The films tells about a naughty boy who is hated by step mother .

II. Present Continous Tense
1/ Cng thc (Form):
S+ be (am/is/are) + V-ing
* V cch bin i ng t V-ing
* Thng thngchng ta thm ui -Ing sau cc ng t (watch -- watching, do --doing,....)
* Cc ng t kt thc bi ui "e", chng ta b "e" sau thm ui "-ing" (invite --
inviting, write -- writing ,...)
* Cc ng t kt thc bi ui " ie" chng ta i "ie" thnh "y" ri thm "-ing" (lie--lying,
die--dying,...)
* Cc ng t kt thc bi ui "ee" chng ta ch cn thm ui "-ing " (see -- seeing..)
* Cc ng t kt thc bi ui mt ph m m trc l mt nguyn m n th chng
ta nhn i ph m (Begin---beginning; swimswimming)
2/ Cch s dng (Uses):
a/ Din t hnh ng din ra vo thi im ni:
Ex: She is learning English now .
* Vi cc trng t: now, at the moment, at present, today .
b/ Mt k hoch trong tng lai /Mt cuc hn (tomorrow, next week, tonight ..)
Ex: We are having breakfast at 8 am tomorrow.
* Khi trong cu dng cc ng t mang tnh chuyn ng nh: go, come, leave, arrive,
move, have .... th khng cn dng cc trng t ch thi gian.
Ex : Don't come early . We are having a nice party .
c/ Phn nn v mt thi quen xu (i cng always):
Ex: She is always losing her glasses .
d/ Mt hnh ng c mong i xy ra nhng n ko xy ra vo thi im ni (this
week..)
Ex: They are building a new house.
He is studying maths at college.
e/ Miu t s thay i (get/become) ---Imperative (increase/rise)
Ex: The weather is becoming colder and colder.
f/ Hnh ng lp i lp li xung quanh thi im ni
Ex: The sun is strong so I am wearing my sunglasses .

III. Th hin ti hon thnh (The present perfect tense)
1/ Cng thc (Form)
S+ have/ has+ V( past participle )
2/ Cc trng t dng trong th hin ti hon thnh
+ Since, ever, never, for, just
+ Ready, lately, recently, (after have / has or at the end of the sentence )
+ Yet( in negative or yes-no question )
+ So far , up to now, up to present , since then ...
+ In recent years, this month, for / during the last few years ..
3/ Cch s dng (Uses)
a/ Din t mt hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh nhng vn cn ko di n hin ti v
vn c th tip din trong tng lai:
Ex: He has lived in Haiduong for 6 years.
b/ Din t hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh nhng kt qu cn lu li hin ti:
Ex: She has bought a new house.
c/ Din t mt phn ca hnh ng nhng ngi ni khng bit thi gian hoc khong mun
cp n thi gian xy ra hnh ng:
Ex: She has left my house .
d/ Din t hnh ng bn cha tng lm tnh n thi im hin ti, ngy hm nay-today,
tun ny-this week, thng ny-this month)
Ex: This is the first time I have gone to HoChiMinh City
e/ Dng trong mnh When--If:
Ex: If you have finished the test , you can go home

IV. Th hin ti hon thnh tip din (Present Perfect Continuous Tense)
1/ Cng thc (Form):
S + have/has been + V-ing
2/ Cch s dng (Uses):
a/ Din t mt hnh ng va kt thc hin ti v chc chn s cn xy ra trong tng
lai:
Ex: They have been studying French since 1998.
b/ Mt hnh ng kt thc nhng kt qu c lu li rt r rng hin ti:
Ex: She has been working with her computer for hours so her eyes are burnt.
c/ Din t qu trnh ca mt hnh ng c bt u trong qu kh (all day, all....)
Ex: Mary has been learning cooking all day.
d/ Mt hnh ng ko di n hin ti
Ex: Lan has been waiting for Tuan for 4 hours.

V. Th qu kh n (Past Simple Tense)
1/ Cng thc (Form)
S+ V(qua khu)
2/ Cc trng t ch thi gian (Adverbs of time):
Yesterday , last year , last night, in 1998, in 18th century ....
3/ Cch s dng (Uses):
a/ Din t mt hnh ng hon tt trong qu kh
Ex: I met him yesterday
b/ Din t hnh ng vo mt thi im chnh xc trong qu kh :
Ex: When did you do your housework?
c/ Din t hnh ng xy ra vo mt khong thi gian xc nh trong qu kh thm ch
khong thi gian khng c cp n:
Ex: She opened the door, changed her clothes and started doing the housework
d/ Din t mt thi quen trong qu kh ( used to , would V)
S+adverb of frequency+ V(ed)
e/ Din t mt hnh ng t ngt xy ra trong khi mt hnh ng khc ang xy ra trong
qu kh:
Ex: I was sleeping when he phoned
f/ Dng trong cu iu kin loi 2 (I'd rather, I'd sooner...)
Ex: If I was a billionaire , I would give each of you $10000

* PHN BIT CCH DNG GIA 2 THI
- Present perfect
Hnh ng chm dt hin ti, do c kt qu r rt.
V d:
I have waited for you for half an hour (now I stop waiting)
- Present perfect progressive
Hnh ng vn tip tc tip din hin ti do vy khng c kt qu r rt.
V d:
I have been waiting for you for half an hour.
(and continue waiting hoping that you will come)

VI. Qu kh tip din (Past progresive)
1/ Cng thc (Form)
Was / were + Ving
2/ Cch s dng (Uses):
- N c dng din t 1 hnh ng ang xy ra vo 1 thi im nht nh trong qu
kh khng lin h g ti hin ti. Thi im trong cu c xc nh bng cc ph t ch thi
gian nh:
At + thi gian qu kh.
V d: He was eating dinner at 7 P.M Last night.
- N c dng kt hp vi 1 simple past thng qua 2 lin t When v while ch 1 hnh
ng ang xy ra trong qu kh th 1 hnh ng khc t ngt xen vo (tng ng vi
cu Ting Vit Khi ang ... th bng).
- Subject1 + simple past + while + subject 2 + past progressive.
V d:
Somebody hit him on the head while he was going to his car.
- Subject1 + past progressive + when + subject 2 + simple past.
V d:
He was going to his car when someone hit him on the head.
* Lu :
- Mnh c when v while c th ng bt k ni no trong cu nhng sau when nht
thit phi l 1 simple past v sau while nht thit phi l 1 past progressive.
- Dng din t 2 hnh ng song song cng 1 lc, ni vi nhau bng lin t while.
- Subject1 + past progressive + while + subject 2 + past progressive.
V d:
He was reading newspaper while his wife was preparing the dinner in the kitchen.
V d:
Jose was writing a letter to his family when his pencil broke.
While Joan was writing the report, Henry was looking for more information.
When Mark arrived, the Johnsons was having dinner, but they stopped in order to talk to
him.