EXPERIMENT NO

AIM:
To study the unbalanced operation of 3-Ф induction motor

APPARATUS:
1) 0-5-10A Ammeters-3
2) 0-1500 watt, 0-300-600V, 0-5-10AWattmeters- 2
3) 0-300-600V→2 Nos
4) SPST switches→ 3 Nos
5) 1- Ф Variable choke coil

M/C SPECIFICATION:
Auto synchronous generator -440V, 4KVA,6A, 1500rpm 3 Ф

THEORY:
When motor is running under normal condition (i.e. when its three phases are

healthy) the resultant flux is a constant magnitude and rotates uniformly around the stator

at synchronous speed given by Ns=120f/P. but when one of the phases is not available

i.e. when the motor is to be started on 2- phases the resultant flux of synchronous field is

not rotating but alternating. Hence motor does not start but gives humming sound.

Under running conditions when any one of the three phases is not available (let R

phase) then its 2 phases will now be in series. To produce the same mmf as before the

remaining two healthy phases will draw more current

Now the motor is supplied with unbalanced voltage the phases to neutral voltage

at any one phases will reduce so as to maintain the rotation of the motor it has to keep the

torque constant and for that the remaining two phases have to carry the current more than

normal condition .
PROCEDURE:
1) Connect the ckt. As shown in circuit diagram.
2) Run the motor on no load at rated voltage & note down the readings of
ammeter , voltmeter & wattmeter
3) Then allow the motor to run on two phases. Under the running conditions
open the R- phase, Y- phase B- phase one by one .
4) Open spst switches one after another and note down the readings of ammeter,
voltmeter, wattmeter.
5) Then under the stand still condition open one of the phases & observe the
behaviour of the motor.
6) Apply unbalanced voltage to the motor.

OBSERVATION TABLE

1) Motor under normal condition

Ammeter reading Voltage across phases Watt meter readings

(A) V (volts) W (watts)

R Y B

2) R- phase open

IR (A) IY (A) IB (A) V (volt) W (watts)

3) Y- phase open

IR (A) IY (A) IB (A) V (volt) W (watts)

4) B- phase open

IR (A) IY (A) IB (A) V (volt) W (watts)

 5) Motor is at rest and one of the phases is not available

IR (A) IY (A) IB (A) V (volt) W (watts)

6) with choke coil in one of the phases

IR (A) IY (A) IB (A) V (volt) W (watts)

CONCLUSION:
When one phase is not available and motor is starting from rest, the motor does
not start but gives humming sound. Under running conditions if one of the phases is
removed then motor does not stop but the remaining two phases draw more current.