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org
ISSN (Paper)2224-5!! ISSN ("nline)2225-#4$4 ("nline)
%ol.4& No.'4& 2#'4

2(
Availability and Accessibility of ICT in the Provision of
Information Resources to Undergraduate Students in Babcock
University Library

)H*+S ,-NI./ "RI"0* (1/IS& 2/IS)
,epartment o3 /i4rar5& -rchi6al and In3ormation Studies& *ni6ersit5 o3 I4adan
orioguchu7sdaniel85ahoo.com

S*SS-N *,"-+* "01*I9I 1-& P0,.& 2/S)
1a4coc7 *ni6ersit5& Illisan-Remeo& "gun State
udoa7u'85ahoo.com

,-R/IN- )HI2- "01*I9I (1IR2& 2/IS)
/ead )it5 *ni6ersit5& I4adan
chimadarlina85ahoo.co.u7

Abstract
:he paper in6estigated a6aila4ilit5 and accessi4ilit5 o3 I): in the pro6ision o3 in3ormation resources to
undergraduate students in 1a4coc7 uni6ersit5 li4rar5 in "gun State& Nigeria. :hree research ;uestions guided the
stud5 and the data collection instrument used was the ;uestionnaire& the stud5 adopted sur6e5 research method.
:he 3indings o3 the stud5 re6ealed that most o3 the I): 3acilities in the uni6ersit5 li4rar5 are a6aila4le and
accessi4le& e<cept scanner& ),-R"2 and pro=ector that are not a6aila4le& accessi4le and use 45 the students. :he
pro6ision and use o3 I): is an integral part o3 student learning and research. :here3ore& the stud5 recommends
that uni6ersit5 li4raries should endea6our to put in place I): 3acilities that will promote students educational
pursuit.
ey!ords" -6aila4ilit5& accessi4ilit5& In3ormation and )ommunication :echnolog5 (I):)& In3ormation
resources& 1a4coc7 *ni6ersit5 li4rar5& Nigeria

I#TR$%UCTI$#
:he use o3 in3ormation and communication technolog5 (I):) is gaining momentum in uni6ersities li4raries
especiall5 now that most uni6ersities in Nigeria are adopting I): in the de6elopment and impro6ement o3 their
ser6ices. :here3ore& a6aila4ilit5 o3 I): in uni6ersit5 li4raries will increase accessi4ilit5> i3 proper awareness is
ade;uatel5 created 3or its use. :hus& I): usage will 3acilitate de6elopment since there will 4e 3ree 3low o3
in3ormation 4etween lecturers and students and also the li4rarians and the academic communit5.
:he current shi3t 3rom the age-long con6entional means o3 pro6iding li4rar5 ser6ices to technological approaches
necessitated 45 ad6ancements in computer technolog5& telecommunication s5stem and the integration o3 4oth
ha6e gi6en rise to a new digital paradigm 7nown as in3ormation and communication technolog5 ("n5ene7e&
2##). :here3ore& this stud5 in6estigated the a6aila4ilit5 and accessi4ilit5 o3 I): in the pro6ision o3 in3ormation
resources to undergraduate students in 1a4coc7 *ni6ersit5 li4rar5.

LIT&RATUR& R&'I&(
-ccording to the -merican /i4rar5 -ssociation ('($?) in3ormation technolog5 (I:) is the application o3
computers and other technologies to the ac;uisition& organi@ation& storage& retrie6al& and dissemination o3
in3ormation. 0rant ('((5) de3ined in3ormation technolog5 as the ner6ous s5stem o3 contemporar5 societ5&
transmitting and distri4uting sensor5& control in3ormation and interconnecting a m5riad o3 independent units. He
argued that the con6ergence o3 telecommunications and computing or in3ormatics has resulted to what is 7nown
as ANew in3ormation and )ommunication :echnolog5 (NI):).B :hus& In3ormation and communication
technolog5 (I):) encompasses the e33ecti6e use o3 e;uipment and programs to access& retrie6e& con6ert& store&
organi@e& manipulate and present data and in3ormation (0a5 and 1lades& 2##5). :here3ore& in3ormation and
communication technolog5 is the application o3 technologies in the handling o3 in3ormation& in order to achie6e
e33icient management& access to& use and deli6er5 o3 in3ormation.
:he radical in3luence o3 in3ormation and communication technolog5 is e6ident in all spheres o3 human
endea6our through the 3ollowing I): toolsC digital telephone& computers& and printers& photocop5ing machine&
3a< machines& ca4le networ7s&printer& Internet& pro=ectors& ),-R"2s& etc. It is important to note that I): use in
teaching& learning and research has 4ecome the norm across tertiar5 institutions where students ha6e 4een
identi3ied as sta7eholders in its de6elopment and implementation (/ing et al.& 2##'> Petro6a and Sinclair& 2##5>
/ee and Ngu5en& 2##5). :he use o3 in3ormation and communication technolog5 in in3ormation handling and
Research on Humanities and Social Sciences www.iiste.org
ISSN (Paper)2224-5!! ISSN ("nline)2225-#4$4 ("nline)
%ol.4& No.'4& 2#'4

?#
processing has arisen 4ecause o3 in3ormation e<plosion. In order to 7eep trac7 o3 the increasing num4er o3
in3ormation carriers& computers are utili@ed to handle in3ormation processing with greater speed and accurac5
than manual processing (-ina& 2##4).
Howe6er& the a6aila4ilit5 o3 in3ormation and communication technolog5 is the presence o3 I): 3acilities in the
pro6ision o3 in3ormation resources in the li4raries. .te4u (2#'#) o4ser6ed that the state o3 I): a6aila4ilit5 3or
li4rar5 ser6ices in the Niger ,elta *ni6ersit5 li4raries is not totall5 encouraging. -lmost hal3 the num4er o3
a6aila4le computers in the li4raries does not 3unction. -lso& -3ola4i (2##() also o4ser6ed that the prospects o3
I): and the ideal situation o3 educational research in our I): dri6en campus is still a mirage. :his is wh5
uni6ersit5 li4raries should endea6our to ma7e I): 3acilities a6aila4le and accessi4le to their users. 2ore so&
accessi4ilit5 o3 I): is the a4ilit5 o3 a person to percei6e& use& na6igate& communicate and interact with the I):
3acilities. 2eanwhile& increasing the a6aila4ilit5 o3 accessi4le I):s is considered a positi6e step in remo6ing
4arriers that limit students to e33ecti6e use o3 I): 3acilities in the uni6ersit5 li4raries in Nigeria.
-ccording to Popoola and Haliso (2##() in3ormation resources are those in3ormation 4earing materials that are
in 4oth print and electronic 3ormat& such as te<t 4oo7s& =ournals& inde<es& a4stracts& newspapers and maga@ines&
reports& ),-R"2 data4ases& the InternetD.-mail& 6ideo tapesDcassettes& dis7ettes& magnetic dis7& computers&
micro3orms etc. :he5 3urther assert that these in3ormation resources are the raw materials that li4raries ac;uire&
catalogue& stoc7 and ma7e a6aila4le 3or their patrons& as well as utili@e to pro6ide 6arious other ser6ices. -guolu
and -guolu (2##2) assert that resources ma5 4e a6aila4le in the li4rar5 and e6en identi3ied 4i4liographicall5 as
rele6ant to oneEs interest 4ut the user ma5 not 4e a4le to la5 hands on them. "ne ma5 identi35 citations in
inde<es& 4ut ma5 not ha6e access to the sources containing the rele6ant article. :he5 3urther maintain that
a6aila4ilit5 o3 an in3ormation source does not necessaril5 impl5 its accessi4ilit5 4ecause the source ma5 4e
a6aila4le 4ut access to it& is pre6ented 3or one reason or the other.
:here3ore& li4rar5 is a repositor5 o3 resources> it is an integral part o3 the educational s5stem whose primar5
3unction is to ser6e users. :oda5& the Internet is the ape< o3 in3ormation and communication technolog5& o33ering
limitless access to all 7inds o3 in3ormation and records& 3acilitating in3ormation generation and sharing across the
glo4e. Internet has reduced the world to a glo4al 6illage& lin7ing cultures and people and creating new 6istas o3
7nowledge. :hrough the Internet one can record& access& share and retrie6e in3ormation an5where in the world in
minutes (*nagha& 2##!> 2watawala& 2##5 and -wa7eF& '(().
)u4an (2##') 3ound out that& uni6ersit5 students in -merica usuall5 utili@ed computer 3or word processing&
searching the Internet and 3or using email& while teachers used computers 3or research purpose rather than 3or
teaching in the classroom. Gri@@ier ('((5) argued that computers ma5 ne6er replace teachers& and that computers
could ma7e e<cellent and 3airl5 ine<pensi6e supplementar5 materials a6aila4le to impro6e classroom teaching.
It is an indisputa4le 3act that in3ormation technolog5 has re6olutioni@ed the traditional means o3 in3ormation
processing& storage and dissemination. Henderson ('((2) stated that in3ormation technolog5 pro6ides numerous
4ene3its and ad6antages to the in3ormation users. :he5 areC
Pro6ision o3 speed5 and eas5 access to in3ormation
Pro6ides remote access to in3ormation
Pro6ision o3 round H the H cloc7 access
Pro6ision o3 access to unlimited in3ormation 3rom di33erent sources.
Pro6ision o3 in3ormation 3le<i4ilit5 to 4e used 45 an indi6idual according to his or her re;uirements
Pro6ides increased 3le<i4ilit5
Gacilitation o3 re3ormatting and com4ining o3 data 3rom di33erent sources.
)ha6e@ ('(() asserts that Internet and computer usage can also impact positi6el5 on critical thin7ing&
pro4lem sol6ing& prompt 3eed4ac7 and colla4orati6e instruction. 0oldman et al ('((() has argued that computer
usage has numerous 4ene3its as it primaril5 assists student learning. -s Seel5 1rown and ,uguid (2###) noted
thatC
:hese technologies o33er new wa5s o3 producing& distri4uting and
consuming academic materials. -s with so man5 other institutions&
new technologies ha6e caused uni6ersities to rethin7 not simpl5
isolated 3eatures 4ut their entire mission and how the5 go a4out it.
0enerall5& uni6ersit5 li4raries should pla5 acti6e role in adopting I): 3acilities as a means o3 e33ecti6e
in3ormation deli6er5& so as to e;uip students with the right s7ill to access in3ormation independentl5.

STAT&)&#T $* T+& PR$BL&)
:he role o3 I): in the pro6ision o3 in3ormation resources in uni6ersit5 li4raries is crucial to studentsE academic
growth. :here3ore& the wa5 undergraduate studentsE access a6aila4le I): 3acilities in uni6ersit5 li4raries are still
generall5 poor. :his is wh5 the stud5 in6estigated the a6aila4ilit5 and accessi4ilit5 o3 I): in the pro6ision o3
in3ormation resources to undergraduate students in 1a4coc7 uni6ersit5 li4rar5.
Research on Humanities and Social Sciences www.iiste.org
ISSN (Paper)2224-5!! ISSN ("nline)2225-#4$4 ("nline)
%ol.4& No.'4& 2#'4

?'
$B,&CTI'& $* T+& STU%-
:he main o4=ecti6e o3 this stud5 is to in6estigate the a6aila4ilit5 and accessi4ilit5 o3 I): in the pro6ision o3
in3ormation resources to undergraduate students in 1a4coc7 uni6ersit5 li4rar5.
:he5 speci3ic o4=ecti6e to the stud5 are toC
(') determine the a6aila4ilit5 o3 I): in the 1a4coc7 uni6ersit5 li4rar5>
(2) determine the accessi4ilit5 o3 I): in the uni6ersit5 li4rar5>
(?) ascertain the e<tent o3 use o3 I): 45 students.

)&T+$%$L$.-
Sur6e5 research method was adopted 3or the stud5 and structured ;uestionnaire was used to collect data. - total
o3 hundred ('##) undergraduate students o3 1a4coc7 *ni6ersit5 li4rar5 users were sampled& out o3 which ninet5
one was completed 3or anal5sis using 3re;uenc5 counts& simple percentage& mean& standard de6iation& to answer
the research ;uestions. :hus& Random sampling techni;ue was used to administer the ;uestionnaire.

Results and %iscussion
%emogra/hical 'ariables"
Table 0" %istribution of the res/ondents by .ender
0ender Gre;uenc5 Percentage
2ale
Gemale
:otal
?
54
('
4#.
5(.?
'##.#
:he male respondents are ?(4#.I) and their 3emale counterparts are 54(5(.?I).
Table 1" %istribution of the res/ondents by Age
-ge Gre;uenc5 Percentage
J '$5ears
'$-22 5ears
K 2? 5ears
:otal
'?
5(
'(
('
'4.?
!4.$
2#.(
:a4le 2 shows that '?('4.?I) o3 the respondents are un '$ 5ears& 5((!4.$I) are aged '$-22 5ears while
'((2#.(I) are o6er 2? 5ears o3 age.
Table 2" %istribution of the res/ondents by Level of Study
/e6el o3 Stud5 Gre;uenc5 Percentage
'##
2##
?##
4##
5##
:otal
'5
'
2
2(
?
('
'!.5
'$.
2(.
?'.(
?.?
'##.#
:a4le ? shows that '5('!.5I) are in '## /e6el& '('$.I) are in 2## /e6el&2(2(.I) are in ?## /e6(I) are
in le6el& 2((?'.(I) are in 4## /e6el& ?(?.?I) are in 5## /e6el respecti6el5.
Table 3" Availability of ICT facilities in the Babcock University Library
SLN -6aila4ilit5 o3 I): -6aila4le Not -6aila4le
' )omputers $2
(#.'I
(
(.(I
2 Internet $2
(#.'I
(
(.(I
? Networ7 ?
$#.2I
'$
'(.$I
4 .-mail
$4.!I
'4
'5.4I
5 Printer !
$?.5I
'5
'!.5I
! ),-R"2 45
4(.5I
4!
5#.5I
Pro=ector 24
2!.4I
!
?.!I
$ *PS 5$
!?.I
??
?!.?I
( Scanner 42
4!.2I
4(
5?.$I
'# Photocopier machine $5
(?.4I
!
!.!I
Research on Humanities and Social Sciences www.iiste.org
ISSN (Paper)2224-5!! ISSN ("nline)2225-#4$4 ("nline)
%ol.4& No.'4& 2#'4

?2
:a4le 4 shows the a6aila4ilit5 o3 I): items in 1a4coc7 *ni6ersit5 /i4rar5. 2ost o3 the respondents re6ealed
that Photocopier machine ((?.4I) are highl5 a6aila4le& 3ollow 45 )omputers ((#.'I)> Internet ((#.'I)> .-mail
($4.!I)& Printer ($?.5I) Networ7 ($#.2I) and *PS (!?.I) are all a6aila4le.
Table 4" Accessibility of ICT facilities in the University Library
SLN -ccessi4le o3 I): -ccessi4le Not
-ccessi4le
' )omputers $#
$.(I
''
'2.'I
2 Internet $#
$.(I
''
'2.'I
? Networ7 !$
4.I
2?
25.?I
4 .-mail '
$.#I
2#
22.#I
5 Printer !?
!(.2I
2$
?#.$I
! ),-R"2 ??
?!.?I
5$
!?.I
Pro=ector '(
2#.(I
2
(.'I
$ *PS 54
5(.?I
?
4#.I
( Scanner ?$
4'.$I
5?
5$.2I
'# Photocopier machine (
$!.$I
'2
'?.2I
:a4le 5& shows the responses on the le6el o3 accessi4ilit5 o3 I): 3acilities in the uni6ersit5 li4rar5. It was
re6ealed that ma=orit5 o3 the respondents shows that the 3ollowing I): 3acilities are highl5 accessi4leC
)omputers ($.(I)> Internet ($.(I)> Photocopier machine ($!.$I)> .-mail ($.#I)> Networ7 (4.I)> Printer
(!(.(I) and *PS (5(.?I).

Table 5" &6tent of Use of ICT by Students in the University Library
SLN .<tent o3 use o3 I):


No use -4out
e6er5da5
:wo or
more
times a
wee7
-4out
once a
wee7
"nce a
month
2ean S,
' )omputers $
$.$I
2#
22.#I
24
2!.4I
'?
'4.?I
2!
2$.!I
?.?2 '.??
2 Internet $
$.$I
22
24.2I
2?
25.?I
2'
2?.'I
'
'$.I
?.'( '.25
? Networ7 ''
'2.'I
2'
2?.'I
2?
25.?I
2#
22.#I
'!
'.!I
?.'# '.2$
4 Printer 24
2!.4I
$
$.$I
'(
2#.(I
'!
'.!I
24
2!.4I
?.#( '.55
5 Photocopier machine '(
2#.(I
'$
'(.$I
22
24.2I
'4
'5.4I
'$
'(.$I
2.(? '.4'
! .-mail 25
2.5I
'5
'!.5I
'?
'4.?I
2#
22.#I
'$
'(.$I
2.(# '.5'
*PS 4(
5?.$I
'5
'!.5I
'2
'?.2I
! !.!I ( (.(I 2.#2 '.?!
$ Scanner 5(
!4.$I
!
!.!I

.I

.I
'2
'?.2I
'.($ '.5#
( ),-R"2 !?
!(.2I
4
4.4I
!
!.!I
$ $.$I '#
''.#I
'.$$ '.45
'# Pro=ector !
?.!I

.I
$
$.$I
5 5.5I 4 4.4I '.5( '.'4
:a4le ! shows the responses on the e<tent o3 use o3 I): 3acilities 45 Students in the uni6ersit5 li4rar5>
)omputers (2eanM ?.?2)& Internet (2eanM ?.'()& Networ7 (2eanM ?.'#)& Printer (2eanM ?.#()& Photocopier
Research on Humanities and Social Sciences www.iiste.org
ISSN (Paper)2224-5!! ISSN ("nline)2225-#4$4 ("nline)
%ol.4& No.'4& 2#'4

??
machine (2eanM 2.(?)& .-mail (2eanM 2.(#)& *PS (2eanM 2.#2)& Scanner (2eanM '.($)& ),-R"2 (2eanM
'.$$) and lastl5 Pro=ector (2eanM '.5().

C$#CLUSI$# A#% R&C$))&#%ATI$#S
I): has tremendousl5 impro6e li4rar5 ser6ices and also contri4uted to students academic de6elopment in
pro6iding timel5 and eas5 access to and use o3 wide range o3 in3ormation resources to students worldwide.
:here3ore the stud5 shows that I): 3acilities are ade;uatel5 a6aila4le and accessi4le in the uni6ersit5 li4rar5 4ut
the e<tent o3 use o3 *PS& ),-R"2 and pro=ector is generall5 poor. Howe6er& it is worth5 to note that the
pro6ision and use o3 I): is an integral part o3 student learning and research. :here3ore& uni6ersit5 li4raries
should ma7e ade;uate pro6ision o3 ),-R"2s& scanners and pro=ector in order to increase its e33ecti6e use 45
students.

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Industrial Engineering Letters IEL@iiste.org
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Environment, Civil, Materials Sciences Journals PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL
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Advances in Life Science and Technology ALST@iiste.org
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Historical Research Letter HRL@iiste.org
Public Policy and Administration Research PPAR@iiste.org
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