Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CENTENNIAL 1876-1976
Facsimile reprinted
by
Forest Press Division
Lake Placid Educational Foundation
CLASSIFICATION
AND
SUBJECT INDEX
FOR
THE
OF A
LIBRARY.
AMHERST, MASS.
1876.
COPYRIGHTED
1876
MELVIL DEWEY
CONTENTS
PREFACE
CLASSES
DIVISIONS
SUBJECT INDEX
EXPLANATIONS
SUBJECT CATALOGUE
The library is first divided into nine special libraries which are called Classes. These Classes are Philosophy,
Theology, &c., and are numbered with the nine digits. Thus Class 9 is the Library of History; Class 7, the
Library of Fine Art; Class 2, the Library of Theology. These special libraries or Classes are then considered
independently, and each one is separated again into nine special Divisions of the main subject. These
Divisions are numbered from 1 to 9 as were the Classes. Thus 59 is the 9th Division (Zoology) of the 5th
Class (Natural Science). A final division is then made by separating each of these Divisions into nine Sections
which are numbered in the same way, with the nine digits. Thus 513 is the 3d Section (Geometry) of the 1st
Division (Mathematics) of the 5th Class (Natural Science). This number, giving Class, Division, and Section,
is called the Classification or Class Number, and is applied to every book or pamphlet belonging to the
library. All the Geometries are thus numbered 513, all the Mineralogies 549, and so throughout the library, all
the books on any given subject bear the number of that subject in the scheme. Where a 0 occurs in a class
number, it has its normal zero power. Thus, a book numbered 510, is Class 5, Division 1, but no Section. This
signifies that the book treats of the Division 51 (Mathematics) in general, and is not limited to any one
Section, as is the Geometry, marked 513. If marked 500, it would indicate a treatise on Science in general,
limited to no Division. A zero occurring in the first place would in the same way show that the book is limited
to no Class. The classification is mainly made by subjects or content regardless of form; but it is found
practically useful to make an additional distinction in these general treatises, according to the form of
treatment adopted. Thus, in Science we have a large number of books treating of Science in general, and so
having a 0 for the Division number. These books are then divided into Sections, as are those of the other
Classes according to the form they have taken on. We have the Philosophy and History of Science, Scientific
Compends, Dictionaries, Essays, Periodicals, Societies, Education, and Travels,--all having the common
subject, NATURAL SCIENCE, but treating it in these varied forms. These form distinctions are introduced
here because the number of general works is large, and the numerals allow of this division, without extra labor
for the numbers from 501 to 509 would otherwise be unused. They apply only to the general treatises, which,
without them, would have a class number ending with two zeros. A Dictionary of Mathematics is 510, not
503, for every book is assigned to the most specific head that will contain it, so that 503 is limited to
Dictionaries or Cyclopedias of Science in general. In the same way a General Cyclopedia or Periodical treats
of no one class, and so is assigned to the Class 0. These books treating of no special class, but general in their
character, are divided into Cyclopedias, Periodicals, etc. No difficulty is found in following the arithmetical
law and omitting the initial zero, so these numbers are printed 31, 32, etc., instead of 031, 032, etc.
The selection and arrangement of the thousand headings of the classification cannot be explained in detail for
want of space. In all the work, philosophical theory and accuracy have been made to yield to practical
usefulness. The impossibility of making a satisfactory classification of all knowledge as preserved in books,
has been appreciated from the first, and nothing of the kind attempted. Theoretical harmony and exactness has
been repeatedly sacrificed to the practical requirements of the library or to the convenience of the department
in the college. As in every scheme, many minor subjects have been put under general heads to which they do
not strictly belong. In some cases these headings have been printed in a distinctive type, e. g., 429
PREFACE 3
Dewey Decimal Classification
Anglo-Saxon, under ENGLISH PHILOLOGY. The rule has been to assign these subjects to the most nearly
allied heads, or where it was thought they would be most useful. The only alternative was to omit them
altogether. If any such omission occurs, it is unintentional and will be supplied as soon as discovered.
Wherever practicable the heads have been so arranged that each subject is preceded and followed by the most
nearly allied subjects and thus the greatest convenience is secured both in the catalogues and on the shelves.
Theoretically, the division of every subject into just nine heads is absurd. Practically, it is desirable that the
classification be as minute as possible without the use of additional figures, and the decimal principle on
which our scheme hinges allows nine divisions as readily as a less number. This principle has proved wholly
satisfactory in practice though it appears to destroy proper co-ordination in some places. It has seemed best in
our library to use uniformly three figures in the class number. This enables us to classify certain subjects very
minutely, giving, for example, an entire section to Chess. But the History of England has only one section, as
our scheme is developed, and thus the two might be said to be co-ordinated. The apparent difficulty in such
cases is entirely obviated by the use of a fourth figure, giving nine sub-sections to any subject of sufficient
importance to warrant closer classification. In history where the classification is made wholly by countries, a
fourth figure is added to give a division into periods. As the addition of each figure gives a ten-fold division,
any desired degree of minuteness may be secured in the classing of special subjects. The apparent lack of
co-ordination arises from the fact that only the first three figures of these more important heads are as yet
printed, the fourth figure and the sub-sections being supplied on the catalogues in manuscript. Should the
growth of any of these sub-sections warrant it, a fifth figure will be added, for the scheme admits of expansion
without limit.
The arrangement of headings has been sometimes modified to secure a mnemonic aid in numbering and
finding books without the Index. For instance, the scheme is so arranged that China has always the number 1.
In Ancient History, it has the first section, 931: in Modern History, under Asia, it has 951: in Philology, the
Chinese language appears as 491. After the same manner the Indian number is 2; Egyptian, 4; English, 2;
German, 3; French, 4; Italian, 5; Spanish, 6; European, 4; Asian, 5; African, 6; North American, 7; South
American, 8; and so for all the divisions by languages or countries. The Italian 5, for instance, will be noticed
in 35, 55, 450, 755, 850, and 945. This mnemonic principle is specially prominent in Philology and Literature
and their divisions, and in the form distinctions used in the first 9 sections of each class. Materials, Methods,
or Theory occurring anywhere as a head, bears always the number 1. Dictionaries and Cyclopedias, 3; Essays,
4; Periodicals, 5; Associations, Institutions, and Societies, 6; Education, 7; Collections, 9. In the numerous
cases where several minor heads have been grouped together under the head Other, it always bears the number
9. Wherever practicable, this principle is carried out in sub-dividing the sections. For instance, the Geology of
North America, which bears the number 557 is sub-divided by adding the sections of 970 (History of North
America). The Geology of Mexico then bears the number 5578: mnemonically, the first 5 is the Science
number; the second 5, Geology; the 7, North America; and the 8, Mexico. Any library attendant or reader after
using the scheme a short time will recognize at a glance, any catalogue or ledger entry, book or pamphlet,
marked 5578 as something on the Geology of Mexico. Users of the scheme will notice this mnemonic
principle in several hundred places in the classification, and will find it of great practical utility in numbering
and finding books without the aid of Catalogue or Index, and in determining the character of any book simply
from its call number as recorded on the book, on all its catalogue and cross reference cards, on the ledger, and
in the check box.
In naming the headings, brevity has been secured in many cases at the sacrifice of exactness. It was thought
more important to have short, familiar titles for the headings than that the names given should express with
fullness and exactness the character of all books catalogued under them. Many subjects, apparently omitted,
will be found in the Index, assigned, with allied subjects, to a heading which bears the name of the most
important only. Reference to this Subject Index will decide at once any doubtful points.
In arranging books in the classification, as in filling out the scheme, practical usefulness has been esteemed
the most important thing. The effort has been to put each book under the subject to the student of which it
PREFACE 4
Dewey Decimal Classification
would be most useful. The content or the real subject of which a book treats, and not the form or the
accidental wording of the title, determines its place. Following this rule, a Philosophy of Art is put with Art,
not with Philosophy; a History of Mathematics, with Mathematics, not with History; for the philosophy and
history are simply the form which these books have taken. The true content or subject is Art, and
Mathematics, and to the student of these subjects they are most useful. The predominant tendency or obvious
purpose of the book, usually decides its class number at once; still many books treat of two or more different
subjects, and in such cases it is assigned to the place where it will be most useful, and underneath the class
number are written the numbers of any other subjects on which it also treats. These Cross References are
given both on the plate and the subject card as well as on the cross reference card. If a book treats of a
majority of the sections of any division, it is given the Division number instead of the most important Section
number with cross references.
Collected works, libraries, etc., are either kept together and assigned like individual books to the most specific
head that will contain them; or assigned to the most prominent of the various subjects on which they treat with
cross references from the others; or are separated and the parts classed as independent works. Translations are
classed with their originals.
The Alphabetical Subject Index is designed to guide, both in numbering and in finding the books. In
numbering, the most specific head that will contain the book having been determined, reference to that head in
the Index will give the class number to which it should be assigned. In finding books on any given subject,
reference to the Index will give the number under which they are to be sought on the shelves, in the Shelf
Catalogue, or in the Subject Catalogue. The Index gives after each subject the number of the class to which it
is assigned. Most names of countries, towns, animals, plants, minerals, diseases, &c, have been omitted, the
aim being to furnish an Index of Subjects on which books are written, and not a Gazetteer or a Dictionary of
all the nouns in the language. Such subjects will be found as special chapters or sections of books on the
subjects given in the Index. The names of individual subjects of biographies will be found in the Class List of
Biography. Omissions of any of the more general subjects will be supplied when brought to notice.
In arranging the books on the shelves, the absolute location by shelf and book number is wholly abandoned,
the relative location by class and book number being one of the most valuable features of the plan. The class
number serves also as the location number and the shelf number in common use is entirely dispensed with.
Accompanying the class number is the book number, which prevents confusion of different books on the same
subject. Thus the first Geometry catalogued is marked 513-1; the second 513-2, and so on to any extent, the
last number showing how many books the library has on that subject. The books of each section are all
together, and arranged by book numbers, and these sections are also arranged in simple numerical order
throughout the library. The call number 513-11 signifies not the 11th book on shelf 513; or alcove 5, range 1,
shelf 3, as in most libraries, but signifies the 11th book in subject 513 or the 11th Geometry belonging to the
library. In finding the book, the printed numbers on the backs are followed, the upper being the class and the
lower the book number. The class is found in its numerical order among the classes as the shelf is found in the
ordinary system: the book in its numerical order in the class. The shelves are not numbered, as the increase of
different departments, the opening of new rooms, and any arrangement of classes to bring the books most
circulated nearest to the delivery desk, will bring different class numbers on a given shelf. New books as
received are numbered and put into place, in the same way that new titles are added to the card catalogue.
The single digit occasionally prefixed to the book number, e.g. the 3 in 421-3-7 is the nearest height in
decimeters of books too large to be put on the regular library shelves, which are only 2½ decimeters apart.
The great mass of the library consists of 2-decimeter books, the size numbers of which are omitted. Books
from 2½ to 3½ decimeters in height have 3 prefixed to the book number, and are found on the bottom shelf of
each range. The larger sizes are prefixed with 4, 5, &c., and are found on the special shelves provided, in
order to avoid the great waste of space otherwise occasioned by the relative location. By this use of the size
numbers a close economy of space is secured.
PREFACE 5
Dewey Decimal Classification
Thus all the books on any given subject are found standing together, and no additions or changes ever separate
them. Not only are all the books on the subject sought, found together, but the most nearly allied subjects
precede and follow, they in turn being preceded and followed by other allied subjects as far as practicable.
Readers not having access to the shelves find the short titles arranged in the same order on the Shelf
Catalogue, and the full titles, imprints, cross references, notes, &c., on the Subject Catalogue. The
uncatalogued pamphlets treating of any subject bear the same class number and are arranged on the shelves
immediately after the books of each section.
In both the Authors' Catalogue and the Subject Index, brevity has been studied because of the economy, but
more because of the much greater ease of reference to a short title catalogue. The custom of giving full titles,
etc., under authors, and only references or very brief titles under subjects, has been reversed. A reader seeking
a book of a known author, in the vast majority of cases, wants simply the number by which to call for it, and
can find it much sooner in a brief title catalogue. In the rare cases where more is needed the class number
refers instantly to all these facts on the cards. On the other hand, a reader seeking books on a known subject,
needs the full title, imprint, cross-references, and notes, to enable him to choose the book best suited to his
wants.
The Subject Catalogue is a full title Shelf List on cards and is for the use of the public. The Shelf List is a
short title Subject Catalogue in book form, made of separate sheets laced into an Emerson binder, and is for
official use. We thus have without extra labor, both full and short title Subject Catalogues and Shelf Lists. The
public Authors' Catalogue is a printed volume; the official Authors' Catalogue or Index is on cards. As a result
each of the public Catalogues is checked by an official Catalogue; each of the card Catalogues by a book
Catalogue; each of the brief title catalogues by a full title catalogue--an advantage that will be appreciated by
all librarians desiring accuracy of administration and catalogues.
The Arabic numerals can be written and found more quickly, and with less danger of confusion or mistake,
than any other symbols whatever. Therefore the Roman numerals, capitals and small letters, and similar
symbols usually found in systems of classification are entirely discarded and by the exclusive use of Arabic
numerals in their regular order throughout the shelves, classifications, indexes, catalogues and records, there is
secured the greatest accuracy, economy, and convenience. This advantage is specially prominent in
comparison with systems where the name of the author or the title must be written in calling for or charging
books and in making references.
Throughout the catalogues the number of a book shows not only where it is but what it is. On the library
accounts the character of each person's reading is clearly indicated by the numbers charged, and the minutest
statistics of circulation in any subject are made by simply counting the call slips in the check box, and
recording the number against the class number in the record.
By the use of size numbers the greatest possible economy of space may be secured, for the size distinction
may be made for every inch or even less if desired, and this without additional labor, as it will be seen that the
size figure, when introduced, requires one less figure in the book number, and so does not increase the number
of digits as would at first appear.
Parts of sets, and books on the same or allied subjects, are never separated as they are sure to be, sooner or
later, in every library arranged on the common plan, unless it be frequently re-arranged and re-catalogued.
The great expense of this re-cataloguing makes it impracticable except for a few very wealthy libraries. In this
system the catalogue and book numbers remain unchanged through all changes of shelving, buildings, or
arrangement. In addition to its own peculiar merits, this plan has all the advantages of the card catalogue
principle and of the relative location, which have been used and very strongly approved by prominent
libraries.
PREFACE 6
Dewey Decimal Classification
As in the card catalogue system, there is room for indefinite expansion without devices or provisions. Space is
the only requisite and if the shelf room is exhausted, the floor space is equally good, except for the
inconvenience of stooping.
Some prominent opponents of classed catalogues have admitted that the Subject Index, in deciding where to
class a book at first, and where to look for it ever afterwards, has removed their strongest objections. Certainly
it would be impossible to make an Index more cheaply or more easy of reference, it being a single alphabet, of
single words, followed by single numbers.
These class numbers applied to pamphlets have proved specially satisfactory. The number is written on the
upper left corner and the pamphlets are arranged either in pamphlet cases with the books on the same subject
or on special shelves divided every decimeter by perpendicular sections. As each pamphlet is examined when
received into the library, it is the work of a single moment to pencil on it its class number. There is no expense
whatever incurred, and yet the entire pamphlet resources of the library on any subject can be produced almost
instantly. The immense advantages of this plan over those in common use, both in economy and usefulness,
will be appreciated by every librarian caring for a pamphlet collection. A catalogue of authors may be made
on slips if desired. The pamphlets themselves are the best Subject Catalogue.
Though designed wholly for library use, the plan has proved of great service in preserving newspaper
clippings in large envelopes arranged by class numbers; and more especially in taking the place of the
common note-book and Index Rerum. Slips of uniform size are used with the class number of the subject
written on the corner. Minute alphabetical headings are used under each class number, the slips being
arranged in numerical order like the Subject Card Catalogue. Clippings and notes arranged in this way are at
all times their own complete index, and have the same advantages over the common scrap and note-books that
the Subject Catalogue has over the Accessions Book, in looking up the resources of the library on any given
subject. Those who have tried this method are so enthusiastic in its praise that it seemed worthy of mention in
this place.
The plan was adopted in the Amherst College Library in 1873, and the work of transferring the entire library
to the new catalogue at once commenced. It was found entirely practicable to make the change gradually, as
means allowed, without interfering in any appreciable degree with the circulation of the books. The three
years trial to which it has been there subjected has more than justified the claims of its friends, and it is now
printed with the more confidence on this account. It has been kept in manuscript up to this time, in order that
the many minor details might be subjected to actual trial and modified where improvement was possible. The
labor involved in preparing the Classification and Index has been wholly beyond the appreciation of any who
have never attempted a similar task. Much valuable aid has been rendered by specialists in many departments,
and nearly every member of the Faculty has given advice from time to time. Among the many to whom thanks
are due, special mention should be made of Mr. C.A. Cutter, the librarian of the Boston Athenæum, and Mr.
John Fiske, of the Harvard University library, for valuable suggestions and appreciative criticism. While these
friends are in no way responsible for any remaining imperfections in the scheme, they should have credit for
many improvements which have been made during these three years of revision. The essential character of the
plan has remained unchanged from the first. Doubtless other improvements are still possible, and it is hoped
that users of the scheme will call attention to any proposed change in the naming or arrangement of the
headings, or to any omission which should be supplied in the Subject Index.
Before printing, the plan was submitted to quite a number of librarians for criticism. Among the hundreds of
points raised as to its practical workings and usefulness there was only one in which it was not shown to be
equal or superior to any other system known. This objection applied only to the arrangement on the shelves;
not at all to the catalogues or indexes. It was, that in this relative location, a book which this year stands, e.g.,
at the end of a certain shelf; may not be on that shelf at all another year, because of the uneven growth of the
parts of the library. This slight objection inheres in any system where the books are arranged by subjects
PREFACE 7
Dewey Decimal Classification
rather than by windows, doors, shelves, and similar non-intellectual distinctions.
In this hurriedly prepared account of his plan, the author has doubtless failed to meet many objections which
may be raised and which he could easily answer. He would therefore ask the privilege of replying personally
to any such objections, where they arise, believing that it will be possible to answer, if not all, at least a very
large proportion.
In his varied reading, correspondence, and conversation on the subject, the author doubtless received
suggestions and gained ideas which it is now impossible for him to acknowledge. Perhaps the most fruitful
source of ideas was the Nuovo Sistema di Catalogo Bibliografico Generale of Natale Battezzati, of Milan.
Certainly he is indebted to this system adopted by the Italian publishers in 1871, though he has copied nothing
from it. The plan of the St. Louis Public School Library, and that of the Apprentices' Library of New York,
which in some respects resemble his own, were not seen till all the essential features were decided upon,
though not given to the public. In filling the nine classes of the scheme the inverted Baconian arrangement of
the St. Louis Library has been followed. The author has no desire to claim original invention for any part of
his system where another has been before him, and would most gladly make specific acknowledgment of
every aid and suggestion were it in his power to do so. With these general explanations and acknowledgments
he submits the scheme, hoping it may prove as useful to others as it has to himself.
Those interested will find fuller explanations and remarks in the Library volume now being printed by the
Bureau of Education at Washington.
CLASSES
(GENERAL)
PHILOSOPHY
THEOLOGY
SOCIOLOGY
CLASSES 8
Dewey Decimal Classification
PHILOLOGY
NATURAL SCIENCE
USEFUL ARTS
FINE ARTS
LITERATURE
HISTORY
DIVISIONS
DIVISIONS 9
Dewey Decimal Classification
(GENERAL).
0 50 General Periodicals.
1 51 American.
2 52 English.
3 53 German.
(GENERAL). 10
Dewey Decimal Classification
4 54 French.
5 55 Italian.
6 56 Spanish.
7 57 Slavic.
8 58 Scandinavian.
9 59 Other.
20 Book Rarities. 70
21 Manuscripts. 71
22 Block Books. 72
23 Early Printed. 73
24 Celebrated Printers. 74
25 Celebrated Binders. 75
26 Materials. 76
27 Ownership. 77
28 Prohibited. 78
29 Other. 79
30 General Cyclopedias. 80
31 American. 81
32 English. 82
33 German. 83
34 French. 84
35 Italian. 85
36 Spanish. 86
37 Slavic. 87
38 Scandinavian. 88
39 Other. 89
40 Polygraphy. 90
41 American. 91
42 English. 92
43 German. 93
44 French. 94
45 Italian. 95
46 Spanish. 96
47 Slavic. 97
48 Scandinavian. 98
49 Other. 99
(GENERAL). 11
Dewey Decimal Classification
PHILOSOPHY.
PHILOSOPHY. 12
Dewey Decimal Classification
137 Temperaments. 187 Epicurean.
138 Physiognomy. 188 Stoic.
139 Phrenology. 189 Patristic.
THEOLOGY
THEOLOGY 13
Dewey Decimal Classification
223 Poetical books. 273 Doctrines.
224 Prophetical books. 274 Europe.
225 New Testament. 275 Asia.
226 Gospels and Acts. 276 Africa.
227 Epistles. 277 North America.
228 Apocalypse. 278 South America.
229 Apocrypha. 279 Oceanica.
SOCIOLOGY.
SOCIOLOGY. 14
Dewey Decimal Classification
SOCIOLOGY. 15
Dewey Decimal Classification
PHILOLOGY.
PHILOLOGY. 16
Dewey Decimal Classification
442 Etymology. 492 Egyptian.
443 Dictionaries. 493 Semitic.
444 Synonyms. 494 Indian.
445 Grammar. 495 Iranian.
446 Prosody. 496 Keltic.
447 Dialects. 497 Slavic.
448 Texts. 498 Scandinavian.
449 Old French, Provençal. 499 Other.
NATURAL SCIENCE.
NATURAL SCIENCE. 17
Dewey Decimal Classification
529 Chronology. 579 Collectors' Manuals.
USEFUL ARTS.
USEFUL ARTS. 18
Dewey Decimal Classification
615 Materia medica and therapeutics. 665 Gas.
616 Pathology, theory and practice. 666 Glass.
617 Surgery and dentistry. 667 Dyeing and bleaching.
618 Obstetrics and sexual science. 668 Assaying.
619 Veterinary medicine. 669 Metallurgy.
FINE ARTS.
FINE ARTS. 19
Dewey Decimal Classification
700 Fine Arts. 750 Painting.
701 Philosophy. 751 Materials and methods.
702 Compends. 752 Color.
703 Dictionaries. 753 Flemish and Dutch Schools.
704 Essays. 754 French.
705 Periodicals. 755 Italian.
706 Societies. 756 Other schools.
707 Education. 757 Portrait.
708 Galleries. 758 Landscape.
709 History. 759 Collections.
FINE ARTS. 20
Dewey Decimal Classification
747 Medieval. 797 Boating and ball.
748 Modern. 798 Horsemanship and racing.
749 Collections. 799 Fishing, hunting, shooting.
LITERATURE.
LITERATURE. 21
Dewey Decimal Classification
833 German Romance. 883 Epic.
834 German Essays. 884 Lyric.
835 German Oratory. 885 Greek Oratory.
836 German Letters. 886 Greek Letters.
837 German Satire. 887 Greek Humor.
838 German Humor. 888 Greek Philosophy.
839 German Miscellany. 889 Greek History.
HISTORY.
HISTORY. 22
Dewey Decimal Classification
SUBJECT INDEX
Find the subject in this Alphabetical INDEX. The number following it is its Class Number. The entire
resources of the library on this subject will be found under this number either in the Subject Catalogue, the
Shelf Catalogue, or on the shelves. Where a class number ends in a cipher, the subject will be found, on
reference to the prefixed classification, to be subdivided.
SUBJECT INDEX 23
Dewey Decimal Classification
A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M|N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y|Z
SUBJECT INDEX 24
Dewey Decimal Classification
343Aliens 976Arkansas
819, 829, 839, etc.Allegories 956Armenia
528Almanacs 355Armies
313Almanacs statistical 287, 234Arminianism
411, 421, 431, etc.Alphabets 355Armor
745-748Alphabets ornamental 743Art anatomy
341Ambassadors 927Art biography
772Ambrotype 707Art education
970America North-- 753-756Art schools
587 botany 628Artesian wells
397 customs and costumes 565Articulates, paleontology
917 description 595Articulates, zoology
277 ecclesiastical history 358Artillery
917 geography 927Artists' lives
557 geology 700Arts, fine
970 history 927Arts, fine biography of
317 statistics 600Arts, useful
917 travels 926Arts, useful biography of
980America South-- 967Ashantee
588 botany 916Ashantee geography
398 customs and costumes 950Asia--
918 escription 585 botany
278 ecclesiastical history 395 customs and costumes
918 geography 275 ecclesiastical history
558 geology 915 geography
980 history 555 geology
318 statistics 950 history
918 travels 315 statistics
499American languages 915 travels
756American painting 956Asia Minor
191American philosophy 345Assassination
973American revolution 345Assault and battery
427Americanisms 668Assaying
378Amherst College 163Assent
617Amputation 360Associations
175, 790Amusements 789Associations musical
819, 829, 839, etc.Ana, anagrams 368Assurance
543Analysis, chemical 935Assyria
544Analysis, qualitative 493Assyrian language
545Analysis, quantitative 616Asthma
516Analytical geometry 133Astrology
743Anatomy, art 524Astronomical maps
591Anatomy, comparative 525Astronomical observations
611Anatomy, human 520Astronomy
722Ancient architecture 211Atheism
391Ancient customs, costumes 796Athletic sports
746Ancient design 910Atlases
912Ancient geography 533Atmosphere
930Ancient history 234Atonement
180Ancient philosophies 537, 551Aurora
732Ancient sculpture 993Australasia
SUBJECT INDEX 25
Dewey Decimal Classification
249Anecdote, Religious 994Australia
617Aneurism 943Austria
235Angels 171Authority
283Anglican church 928Authors' lives
799Angling Autobiography, see Biography.
942Anglo-Saxon history 946Azores
429Anglo-Saxon language
935Babylon 667Bleaching
795Backgammon 616Blindness
192Baconian philosophy 022Block books
797Ball playing 543Blowpipe
Ballads, see Poetry. 343Blue laws
533Ballooning 797Boating
345, 366Banditti 797, 699Boats
768Bank Note Engraving 959Bokhara
343Bankrupt laws 984Bolivia
332Banks 333Bonds and stocks
264Baptism 611Bones
286Baptists 10, 20Books
961Barbary States 10, 25, 686Book binding
533, 551Barometer 10Book collecting
731Bas-reliefs 657Book keeping
797Base ball 20Book rarities
499Basque language 17, 18Booksellers' catalogues
946Basque provinces 685, 675Boot-making
613Baths 580Botany
943Bavaria 561Botany fossil
701Beauty 615Botany medical
663Beer 294Brahmanism
638Bees 615, 663Brandy
595Beetles 981Brazil
635Beets 244Breviaries
664Beets sugar 663Brewing
949Belgium 673Bricks
800Belles-lettres 624Bridge-building
785Bell-ringing 345, 366Brigands
671Bells 971British America
971Bermudas 972British Columbia
220Bible 954British India
220Bible dictionaries, etc. 369British Museum
377Bible in schools 942, 941Britons
362Bible societies 616Bronchitis
11Bibliographies 738Bronzes
Bibliographies-- 345, 366Buccaneers
015 Special countries 294Buddhism
012 Special forms 982Buenos Ayres
016 Special subjects 690Building
010Bibliography 390, 614, 719Burial
SUBJECT INDEX 26
Dewey Decimal Classification
795Billiards 954Burmah
920Biography 174Business ethics
570Biology 658Business manuals
598Birds 637Butter
568Birds palæontology 595Butterflies
312Births 949Byzantine Empire
682Blacksmithing
SUBJECT INDEX 27
Dewey Decimal Classification
636Cattle 402 philology
324Caucuses 102 philosophy
357Cavalry 502 science
551Caves 302 sociology
136, 176Celibacy 202 theology
496Celtic language 602 useful arts
896Celtic literature 815Composition
936Celts 781Composition of music
693Cements 194, 145Comte's philosophy
719Cemeteries 594Conchology
310Censuses 220Concordances of Bible
966Central Africa 642Confectionery
979Central America 282Confessional
673, 738Ceramic art 285Congregationalism
599Cetacea 515Conic sections
954Ceylon 974Connecticut
493Chaldee language 170, 233Conscience
519Chances 789Conservatories of music
795Charades 323Constitution, English
361Charitable associations 324Constitution, United States
908Charts, history 342Constitutional law
736Chasing 721Construction, architectural
795Checkers 327Consuls
637Cheese 616Consumption
631Chemical agriculture 614Contagion
543Chemical analysis 343Contracts
660Chemical technology 362, 271Convents
661Chemicals--manufacture 177Conversation
540Chemistry 641Cookery
794Chess 331Co-operation
618Childbirth 671, 549Copper
983Chili 762Copper engraving
693Chimneys 492Coptic language
931China, ancient 343Copyright
951China, modern 593Corals
491Chinese language 959Corea
891Chinese literature 347, 343Corn laws
299Chinese religion 721Cornices
322Chivalry 343Coroners
615, 617, 618Chloroform 371Corporal punishment
616Cholera 360Corporations
232Christ 364Correction, houses of
230Christian doctrines 530Correlation of forces
270Christian fathers 816Correspondence
260Christian institutions 944Corsica
280Christian sects 646Cosmetics
239Christianity, evidences 113Cosmogony
270-289Christianity, history 113Cosmology
390Christmas customs 947Cossacks
232Christology 979Costa Rica
764Chromolithography 390Costumes
SUBJECT INDEX 28
Dewey Decimal Classification
902Chronologies 728Cottages
529Chronology 678Cotton manufactures
261Church 633Cotton planting
726Church architecture 381, 382Cotton trade
283Church of England 262, 270Councils
270Church fathers 347Courts martial
270-289Church history 194Cousin's philosophy
783Church music 274, 941Covenanters
262Church polity 636, 637Cows
282Church of Rome 634Cranberries
261, 172, 329Church and state 741Crayoning
947Circassia 213Creation
910Circumnavigations 334Credit
342Citizenship 244, 280Creeds
388City transit 614, 390Cremation
620Civil engineering 949Crete
348Civil law 796Cricket
351Civil service organs 947Crimea
351Civil service regulations 345Crimes and punishments
313Civilization--progress 345Criminal law
134Clairvoyance 142Critical psychology
375Classical education Criticism--literary, see Essays.
880Classics, Greek 488, 793Crocheting
478, 870Classics, Latin 796Croquet
112Classification 616Croup
922Clergy, lives of 274, 940Crusades
551, 536Climatology 595Crustacea
610Clinic 582Cryptogamia
681Clock-making 548Crystallography
687Clothes-making 979Cuba
646Clothing 332Currency
369Clubs 531Curvilinear motion
549, 644Coal 337Customs and duties
622Coast survey 390Customs and manners
929Coats of arms 30Cyclopaedias, general
951Cochin China
SUBJECT INDEX 29
Dewey Decimal Classification
389Decimal weights & measures 616Diseases
745-748Decorative art 614Disinfection
162Deductive logic 615Dispensatories
211Deism 611Dissection
975Delaware 289, 283Dissenters
133Delusions 663Distillation
324Democracy 976District of Columbia
133Demonology 343, l73Divorce
948Denmark 273Doctrinal history
280Denominations, Christian 253Doctrinal sermons
617Dentistry 230Doctrinal theology
233, 216Depravity 599, 636Dogs
132Derangement, mental 636Domestic animals
194Descarte's philosophy 728Domestic architecture
523Descriptive astronomy 640Domestic economy
744Descriptive geometry 327Domestic and foreign relations
740Design and drawing 615Domestic medicine
745-8Design ornamental 381Domestic trade
321Despotism 248Domestic worship
354Detectives 795Dominos
222Deuteronomy 631, 614Drainage
575Development theory 812Drama, general treatises
235Devil 822Drama, English
240Devotional theology 842Drama, French
551Dew 832Drama, German
160Dialectics 882Drama, Greek
Dialects-- 852Drama, Italian
427 English 872Drama, Latin
447 French 862Drama, Spanish
437 German 792Dramatic amusements
487 Greek 782Dramatic music
457 Italian 795Draughts
477 Latin 740Drawing
467 Spanish 741Drawing-books
552Diamonds 135Dreams
Dictionaries-- 646Dress
413 comparative 646Dress making
423 English 713Drives
703 fine art 798Driving
443 French 615Drugs
433 German 299Druids
483 Greek 177, 345, 392Duelling
903 history 439Dutch language
453 Italian 753Dutch painting
473 Latin 289Dutch Reformed Church
803 literature 949Dutch Republic
503 natural science 170Duties
403 philology 337Duties and customs
103 philosophy 667Dyeing
503 science 537Dynamical electricity
303 sociology 553Dynamical geology
SUBJECT INDEX 30
Dewey Decimal Classification
463 Spanish 531Dynamics
203 theology 616Dysentery
603 useful arts 616Dyspepsia
SUBJECT INDEX 31
Dewey Decimal Classification
576Embryology 432Etymologies, German
325Emigration 482Etymologies, Greek
144Empirical psychology 452Etymologies, Italian
751Enamel painting 472Etymologies, Latin
751Encaustic painting 462Etymologies, Spanish
30Encyclopædias, general 265Eucharist
620Engineering 920, 259Eulogies
629Engineering instruments 584Europe--botany
942England, history 394 customs and costumes
283English church 274 ecclesiastical history
427English dialects 914 geography
423English dictionaries 554 geology
422English etymology 940 history
323English government 314 statistics
425English grammar 914 travels
420English language 349Evidence (law)
820English literature 239Evidences of Christianity
421English orthography 216Evil
756English painting 575Evolution
420English philology 332Exchange
192English philosophy 336Excise
426English prosody 220Exegesis
735English sculpture 708Exhibitions, art
424English synonyms 222Exodus
428English texts 542Experimental Chemistry
760Engraving 910Explorations
819, 829, 839, etc.Enigmas 258Expository sermons
791Entertainments 385Express companies
137Enthusiasm 616Eye, diseases
595Entomology 612Eye, functions
595Entozoa
SUBJECT INDEX 32
Dewey Decimal Classification
324Federalism 361Foundling hospitals
376Female education 714Fountains
378Female seminaries 799Fowling
796Fencing 636Fowls
582Ferns 617Fractures
299Fetichism 944France
322Feudal institutions 324Franchise
616Fevers 271Franciscans
Fiction, see Romance. 943Franconia
629Field books, engineering 943, 944Franco-Prussian war
796-799Field sports 741Free-hand drawing
526Figure of the earth 366Freemasonry
363, 345, 978Filibusters 337Free trade
113Final causes 159Freewill
330Finances 440French language
700Fine arts 449French language old
927 biography of 840French literature
947Finland 754French painting
499Finno-Hungarian language 194French philosophy
355, 683Fire arms 944French revolution
369Fire departments 735French sculpture
621Fire engines 751Fresco painting
368Fire insurance 531Friction
662Fire works 289Friends, Society of
597Fishes 157Friendship
567Fishes palæontology 634Fruit culture
639Fisheries 644Fuel
799Fishing 336Funds and funding
929Flags 259Funeral sermons
949Flanders 390Funerals
633, 677Flax 645Furniture
753Flemish painting 218Future life
595Flies 237Future state
SUBJECT INDEX 33
Dewey Decimal Classification
641Gastronomy 435Grammars, German
389Gauging 485Grammars, Greek
910Gazetteers 455Grammars, Italian
736Gem engraving 475Grammars, Latin
549Gems 465Grammars, Spanish
929Genealogy 946Granada
577Generation, Spontaneous 363Granges
222Genesis 634Grape culture
945Genoa 633Grasses
526Geodesy 716, 583Grasses ornamental
910Geography 718Grave-stones
916Geography Africa 719Grave-yards
912Geography ancient 531Gravitation
915Geography Asia 941, 942Great Britain
914Geography Europe 938Greece, ancient
911Geography historical 949Greece, modern
913Geography modern 722Greek architecture
917Geography N. America 281Greek church
551Geography physical 488Greek commentaries
918Geography S. America 480Greek language
910Geography travels 880Greek literature
550Geology 489Greek modern
553Geology dynamical 292Greek mythology
513Geometry 180, 888Greek philosophy
516Geometry analytical 733Greek sculpture
959, 976Georgia 488Greek texts with notes
430German language 880Greek texts without notes
439German language low 880Greek translations
830German literature 583, 635Greenhouses
753German painting 998Greenland
193German philosophy 712Grounds, private
289German Reformed Church 715Groves
943Germany 979Guatemala
133Ghosts 988Guiana
949Gipsies 910Guide books
363, 944Girondists 345Guillotine
553Glaciers 967Guinea
666Glass 355, 662Gun cotton
751Glass painting 355Gunnery
698Glazing 355, 662Gunpowder
784Glees 683Gunsmithery
522Globes, use of 679Gutta percha
413, 423, 433, etc.Glossaries 613Gymnastics
646, 675, 677Gloves 949Gypsies
281Gnostics
SUBJECT INDEX 34
Dewey Decimal Classification
781Harmony, music 609 useful arts
226Harmony of gospels 792Histrionics
685Harness-making 933, 956Holy Land
787Harpsichord 371, 374Home education
615Hasheesh 266Home missions
646Hats 345Homicide
613Health 251Homiletics
614Health public 615Homoeopathy
616Heart diseases 574Homologies
536Heat 638Honey
290Heathen religions 636, 599, 357, 619Horse
697Heating 798Horse-racing
237Heaven 798Horse-riding
933Hebrew history 682Horse-shoeing
493Hebrew language 798Horsemanship
715Hedges 243Hortatory theology
193Hegelian philosophy 635Horticulture
774Heliotypes 361Hospitals
237Hell 390Hotels
182Heraclitic philosophy 583, 635Hothouses
929Heraldry 640House-keeping
582Herbariums 640Housewifery
590, 612Hermaphrodites 289, 944Huguenots
220Hermeneutics 611Human anatomy
598Herpetology 361Humane societies
419Hieroglyphics 818Humor
373Higher education 828 English
345Highwaymen 848 French
611Histology 838 German
222Historical books of Bible 887 Greek
908Historical charts and tables 858 Italian
911Historical geography 868 Spanish
906Historical societies 799Hunting
900History-- 533Hurricanes
930-939 ancient 630Husbandry
928 biography of 590Hybridism
270 ecclesiastical 628Hydraulic engineering
709 fine arts 532Hydraulics
910 geography 532Hydrodynamics
889 in Greek 551, 627, 527Hydrography
879 in Latin 532Hydromechanics
809 literature 615Hydropathy
940-999 modern 614, 616Hydrophobia
509 natural sciences 532Hydrostatics
409 philology 613Hygiene
109 philosophy 131Hygiene mental
901 philosophy of 245Hymnology
509 science 132, 616Hypochondria
SUBJECT INDEX 35
Dewey Decimal Classification
553Icebergs 323Institutions Monarchic
948Iceland 789Institutions Musical
498Icelandic language 260Institutions of religion
560Ichnology 321Institutions Patriarchal
597Ichthyology 324Institutions Republican
730Iconography 371Instruction
141Idealistic psychology 785Instrumental music
132Idiocy 629Instruments, engineering
290Idolatry 681Instruments, making
745llumination 368Insurance companies
156Imagination 517Integral calculus
264, 286Immersion 151Intellect
325Immigration 140-150Intellectual philosophy
218, 237Immortality 178Intemperance
345Imprisonment for debt 380, 650Intercommunication
232Incarnation 334Interest
333Income 658Interest tables
23Incunabula 353Interior, administration
934India, ancient history 136, 618Intermarriage
954India, modern history 237Intermediate state
494Indian language 614, 390Interments
894Indian literature 600International exhibitions
977Indiana 341International law
970Indians, American 272Intolerance
499Indians, American language 143Intuitive psychology
675India-rubber 608Inventions
793Indoor amusements 592Invertebrates
161Induction 562Invertebrates paleontology
161Inductive logic 949Ionian Islands
744Industrial drawing 182Ionic philosophy
607Industrial schools 977Iowa
364Inebriate institutions 495Iranian languages
173, 345Infanticide 895Iranian literature
356Infantry 941Ireland
211Infidelity 283Irish church
614, 615Inoculation 496Irish language
546Inorganic chemistry 624Iron, bridges
272Inquisition 672Iron, manufacture
361Insane Hospitals 549, 669Iron, mineral
132Insanity 359, 699Iron-clad ships
417Inscriptions 631Irrigation
595Insects 450Italian language
238Inspiration 850Italian literature
158Instincts 755Italian painting
64Institute of France 195Italian philosophy
360Institutions 734, 735Italian sculpture
378Institutions educational 945Italy
322Institutions Feudal
SUBJECT INDEX 36
Dewey Decimal Classification
363, 944Jacobins 646, 671Jewelry
979Jamaica 933Jews, history
282Jansenism 226John
952Japan 694Joinery
499Japanese language 50Journalism
698Japanning 296Judaism
992Java 237Judgment and future state
819, 829, 839, etc.Jests 329Junius letters
266, 282Jesuit missions 340Jurisprudence
271, 282Jesuits 342Jury
232Jesus 234Justification
968Kafirs 976Kentucky
536Kaleidoscope 372Kindergarten
977Kansas 531Kinematics
193, 142Kant's philosophy 641Kitchen
936Keltic, ancient history 322Knighthood
496Keltic, language 297Koran
896Keltic, literature
331Labor 19Libraries
331Laboring classes 17, 18Library catalogues
972Labrador 19Library economy
677Lace-making 19Library history and report
714Lakes, artificial 582Lichens
622Land surveying 218, 237Life, future
333Landlord and tenant 368Life insurance
710Landscape gardening 535Light
758Landscape painting 656, 627Light-houses
778Landscape photographs 537Lightning
400Language 644Lights and fuel
947, 948Lapland 765Line engraving
488Latin commentaries 400Linguistics
470Latin language 663Liquors
470Latin literary history 244Litany
870Latin literature 824, 834, 844, etc.Literary criticism
479Latin medieval 819 miscellany
488Latin texts, with notes 829 English
870Latin texts, without notes 849 French
870Latin translations 839 German
648Laundry 859 Italian
340Law 869 Spanish
341Law of nations 343 property
712Lawns 800Literature
923Lawyers' lives 928Literature, biography of
549, 671Lead 870, 880, 488-498Literature, classical
675Leather 810Literature, treatises
815, 825, 835, etc.Lectures 763Lithography
SUBJECT INDEX 37
Dewey Decimal Classification
291-293Legends 552Lithology
133Legerdemain 444Liturgies
343, 328Legislation 192, 145Locke
328Legislative annals 683Locks and keys
343Legitimacy 621Locomotives
244Lent 514Logarithms
595Lepidoptera 514Logarithms tables
816Letter writing 160Logic
816Letters 312Longevity
Letters-- 265Lord's Supper
826 English 943, 944Lorraine
846 French 175Lotteries
836 German 976Louisiana
886 Greek 949Low countries
856 Italian 439Low Dutch
876 Latin 226Luke
866 Spanish 132Lunacy
956, 962Levant 361Lunatic asylums
622Levelling 616Lung diseases
222Leviticus 289Lutherans
413, 423, 433, etc.Lexicons 811, 821, 831, etc.Lyric poetry
345Libel 884Lyric poetry Greek
324Liberty 874Lyric poetry Latin
324Liberty of press
SUBJECT INDEX 38
Dewey Decimal Classification
132Maniacs 615Mineral waters
390Manners and customs 549Mineralogy
579Manuals, collectors' 628Mines, mining, engineering
670Manufactures 757Miniatures
631Manures 250Ministers
13, 21Manuscripts 922Ministers lives
910Maps 977Minnesota
524Maps, astronomical 811, 821, 831, etc.Minstrel
673Marble manufacture 231Miracles
731Marbles 819Miscellany, literary
699Marine architecture 829 English
368Marine insurance 849 French
346Marine law 839 German
390Marriage, customs 859 Italian
173Marriage, ethics 869 Spanish
346Maritime law 266Missions
226Mark 267Missions, foreign
347Martial law 976Mississippi
272Martyrs 977Missouri
976Maryland 154Mnemonics
326Mason &Dixon's lin 731Modeling
693Masonry 724Modern architecture
366Masonry, Free 393-399Modern costumes, customs
974Massachusetts 748Modern designs
615Materia medica 9l3-9l9Modern geography
146Materialist 489Modern Greek
691Materials, building 940-999Modern history
136, 618Maternity 190Modern philosophy
744Mathematical drawing 735Modern sculpture
629Mathematical instruments 297Mohammedanism
514Mathematical tables 539Molecular physics
510Mathematics 594Mollusca
226Matthew 564 paleontology
718Mausoleums 323Monarchic institutions
819, 829, 839, etc.Maxims 271Monasteries
616Measles 271Monastic orders
389Measures and weights 332Money
744Mechanical drawing 499Mongolian language
621Mechanical engineering 359, 699Monitors, iron-clads
680Mechanical trades 745-748Monograms
531Mechanics 331Monopolies
606Mechanics' associations 977Montana
737Medals 718Monuments
723Mediæval architecture 523Moon
392Mediæval customs, costumes 170Moral philosophy
747Mediæval design 289Moravians
940-999Mediæval history with modern 266Moravian missions
479Mediæval Latin 949Morea
734Mediæval sculpture 693Mortar
615Medical botany 312Mortality
343Medical jurisprudence 343Mortgages
SUBJECT INDEX 39
Dewey Decimal Classification
610Medicine 298Mormonism
619Medicine, veterinary 964Morocco
242Meditations, theology 581Morphology
786Melodeons 751Mosaic painting
781Melody 297Moslems
920Memoirs 979Mosquitia
154Memory 582Mosses
612Mensuration 173Mothers
132Mental derangement 595, 646Moths
150Mental faculties 721Mouldings
131Mental hygiene 342Municipal government
140-150Mental philosophy 361Mutual aid societies
131Mental physiology 780Music
134Mesmerism 781Musical composition
232Messiah 927Musicians
671Metal manufactures 133Mysteries
669Metallurgy 289Mysticism
110Metaphysics 291Mythology, comparative
551Meteorology 292Mythology, Greek &Roman
287Methodism 293Mythology, Norse
929Names 971Newfoundland
615Narcotics 50Newspapers
390National costumes 979Nicaragua
390National customs 322Nobility
550-590Natural history 290Non-Christian religions
530Natural philosophy 371Normal schools
500Natural science 942-946Norman conquest
575Natural selection 944Normandy
210Natural theology 498Norse
343, 325Naturalization 961North Africa
500Nature 970North America
699Naval architecture 578North America botany
359Naval science 397North America customs & costumes
359Navies 277North America ecclesiastical history
527, 656Navigation 917North America, geography
346Navigation laws 557North America, geology
977Nebraska 970North America, history
133Necromancers 317North America, statistics
646, 793Needle-work 917North America, travels
573, 326Negroes 976North Carolina
323Nepotism 948Northmen
281Nestorians 948Norway
949Netherlands 616Nosology
595Neuroptera 972Nova Scotia
341Neutrals 813Novels
977Nevada 823 English
972New Brunswick 843 French
974New England 833 German
SUBJECT INDEX 40
Dewey Decimal Classification
986New Granada 853 Italian
995New Guinea 863 Spanish
974New Hampshire 962Nubia
975New Jersey 222Numbers, book of
977New Mexico 374Numismatics
186New Platonists, philosophy 362Nunneries
225New Testament 649Nursery
975New York
SUBJECT INDEX 41
Dewey Decimal Classification
956Palestine 615Poisons
212Pantheism 949Poland
147Pantheistic psychology 919Polar Regions, geography
282Papacy 998, 999Polar seas
698Paper-hanging 354Police
676Paper manufacture 497Polish language
332Paper money 177Politeness
995Papua 363Political associations
989Paraguay 330Political economy
10Parchment 329Political essays
173Parent and child 363Political institutions
343Parish law 320Political science
711Parks, public 256Political sermons
324Parliament 329Political speeches
348Parliamentary law 262Polity, ecclesiastical
598Parrots 173, 345Polygamy
295Parseeism 40Polygraphy
343Partnership 589Polynesia, botany
618Parturition 399 customs and costumes
157Passions 279 ecclesiastical history
250Pastoral theology 919 geography
989Patagonia 559 geology
608Patents 996 history
616Pathology 499 languages
321Patriarchal institutions 319 statistics
172Patriotism 919 travels
189Patristic philosophy 593Polyps
177Patronage 290Polytheism
339Pauperism 634Pomology
334Pawnbroking 714Ponds, artificial
172Peace and war 339Poor
634Pears 343Poor laws
644Peat 282Popery
264Pedobaptism 312Population
322Peerage 738Porcelain
938, 949Peloponnesus 757Portrait painting
345Penal law 777Portraits, photographs
244Penance 946Portugal
946Peninsular war 469Portuguese language
365Penitentiaries 860Portuguese literature
652Penmanship 146Positivism
975Pennsylvania 383Postage-stamps
222Pentateuch 383Post-offices
152Perception 635Potato
289Perfectionists 673Pottery
660, 646Perfumery 673Pottery manufacture
Periodicals, see special subjects. 636Poultry
705 fine arts 662, 355Powder
50 general 522Practical astronomy
905 history 240Practical theology
805 literature 25Practical sermons
SUBJECT INDEX 42
Dewey Decimal Classification
505 natural science 615Practice of medicine
405 philology 217Prayer
105 philosophy 247Prayer-meetings
505 science 250Preaching and preachers
305 sociology 343Precedents
205 theology 549Precious metals
605 useful arts 231Predestination
531Perpetual motion 618Pregnancy
272Persecutions 571Pre-historic archæology
935Persia, ancient history 284Presbyterians
955Persia, modern history 615Prescriptions
495Persian language 324Press, liberty of
342Personal liberty 571Primeval man
342Personal property 270Primitive Christianity
342Personal rights 322Primogeniture
742Perspective 655Printing
985Peru 769Prints
632Pests, agricultural 365Prison associations
560Petrifaction 365Prisons
549, 665Petroleum 712Private grounds
615Pharmacopoeias 248Private worship
615Pharmacy 341Privateers
366Phi Beta Kappa 519Probabilities
400Philology 338Production
924 biography of 633Productions of the soil
100Philosophy 312Progress of civilization
180Philosophy ancient 313Progress of population
921 biography of 28Prohibited books
180, 888 Greek 178Prohibition
878 Latin 358, 531Projectiles
150 mental 744Projection
190 modern 343Promissory notes
170 moral 411, 421, 431, etc.Pronunciation
530 natural 331Property
701 of art 342, 343Property law
901 history 336Property tax
401 language 231Prophecy
801 literature 224Prophetical books of Bible
501 science 485Prose composition, Greek
301 sociology 475Prose composition, Latin
201 religion 416Prosody, comparative
601 useful arts 426 English
939Phoenicia 446 French
493Phoenician language 436 German
653Phonetic short-hand 486 Greek
421Phonetic spelling 456 Italian
653Phonography 476 Latin
414Phonology 466 Spanish
771Photographic chemistry 618, 176Prostitution
773Photographs 337Protection
770Photography 283Protestant episcopal
SUBJECT INDEX 43
Dewey Decimal Classification
775Photo-lithography 283-289Protestantism
Phrase-books, see Language. 282Protestantism and Romanism
139Phrenology 576Protoplasm
616Phthisis 593Protozoa
613Physical education 563 paleontology
551Physical geography 449Provençal language
530Physics 819Proverbs, and quotations
539Physics molecular 223Proverbs, Bible
138Physiognomy 2l4Providence
551Physiography 427, 437, etc.Provincialisms
612Physiology 634, 715Pruning
591Physiology comparative 943Prussia
131Physiology, mental 223Psalms
581Physiology, vegetable 14Pseudonyms
786Piano-forte 140Psychology
759Picture galleries 336Public accounts
945Piedmont 725Public buildings
636Pig 361Public charities
345Piracy 328Public documents
639Pisciculture 370Public education
616, 614Plague 336Public funds
523Planets 614Public health
692Plans for building 390Public houses
580Plants 353Public lands
716 landscape gardening 360Public meetings
561 paleontology 378Public schools
184Platonic philosophy 815Public speaking
186Platonists, new 246Public worship
795Playing cards 250Pulpit oratory
812, 792Plays, see Drama 532Pumps
349Pleading 421Punctuation, English
696Plumbing 345Punishment
521Plurality of worlds 277, 289Puritans
533Pneumatics 244, 283Puseyism
150Pneumatology 599Pygmies
223Poetical books of Bible 916, 932Pyramids
811Poetry 549Pyrites
821 English 662Pyrotechnics
841 French 186Pyrrhonism
831 German 182Pythagorean philosophy
881 Greek
798Race-horse 336Revenue
SUBJECT INDEX 44
Dewey Decimal Classification
572Races, history Reviews, see Periodicals
798Racing 269Revivals
593Radiates 973Revolution, American
563Radiates paleontology 944Revolution, French
625Railroad engineering 815Rhetoric
621Railroad locomotives 251Rhetoric sacred
385Railroads 974Rhode Island
343Railways, laws of 582Rhododendron
551Rain 819, 829, etc.Riddles
322Rank 798Riding
211, 155Rationalism 341Right of search
418, 428, 438, etc.Readers 342Rights and liberties
815Reading, art of 343Riots
15, 16Reading courses 244Ritualism
374Reading for self-education 387River transportation
374Real estate 551Rivers
374Reason 625Roads
973Rebellion, Southern 557, 917Rocky mountains
640Recipe books 599Rodentia
790Recreation 937Roman antiquities
274Reformation 722Roman architecture
364Reformatory associations 282Roman Catholics
364Reformatory institutions 937Roman history, ancient
289Reformed church 945Roman history, modern
234Regeneration 870Roman literature
613Regimen 348Roman law
355Regulations of armies 292Roman mythology
359Regulations of navies 733Roman sculpture
215Religion and science 813Romance
255Religion and sermons 823 English
290Religions, Non-Christian 843 French
249Religious anecdotes 833 German
362Religious associations 853 Italian
922Religious biography 249 Religious
377Religious education 863 Spanish
249Religious fiction 440-469Romanic languages
362Religious institutions 459Romansh language
271Religious orders 937Rome, ancient
201Religious philosophy 945Rome, modern
560Remains 282Romish church
333Rents 677Rope-making
234, 241Repentance 797Rowing
598Reptiles 675Rubber manufactures
568Reptiles paleontology 599Ruminants
324Republican institutions 728Rural architecture
691Resistance of materials 796Rural sports
236Resurrection 947Russia
237Retribution 977Russian America
231Revealed religion 497Russian language
231Revelation
SUBJECT INDEX 45
Dewey Decimal Classification
SUBJECT INDEX 46
Dewey Decimal Classification
941Scotland 513Spherical geometry
496Scotch language 514Spherical trigonometry
192Scotch philosophy 595Spiders
220Scriptures 147Spinoza's philosophy
616Scrofulous diseases 133Spiritualism
730Sculpture 577Spontaneous generation
927Sculptors' lives 796Sports
656, 527Seamanship 636Stables
342Secession 792Stage
236Second advent 745Stained glass
133Second sight 616Stammering
366Secret societies 383Stamps
280Sects, Christian 355Standing army
377Secular education 664Starch manufacture
374Self-culture 523Stars
374Self-education 320State
493Semitic languages 172State ethics
893Semitic literature 328State papers
152Sensation 342State rights
145Sensational psychology 345State trials
152Sense 923Statesmen, lives
718Sepulchres 531Statics
614Sepulture 311Statistical methods
252-259Sermons 310Statistics
598Serpents 730Statuary
647Servants 343Statute law
949Servia 621Steam-engine
614Sewerage 696Steam-fitting
687Sewing 527, 656Steam-navigation
687Sewing machine 385, 656Steam-transportation
376Sex in education 669Steel
176Sexual ethics 762Steel engraving
618Sexual science 653Stenography
136Sexes 655Stereotyping
744Shades and shadows 776Stereoscopes and views
289Shakers 616Stethoscope
822Shakesperiana 765Stipple engraving
636Sheep 636Stock, live
594Shells 333Stocks
564Shells fossil 188Stoic philosophy
493Shemitic languages 673Stoneware
699Ship-building 551Storms
626, 387Ship-canals 663Stills
346Shipping laws 355Strategy
685, 675Shoemaking 634Strawberries
799Shooting 787Stringed instruments
653Short-hand 371Study, methods of
716Shrubbery 616Stuttering
959Siam 701Sublime and beautiful
957Siberia 384Submarine telegraph
945Sicily 323Succession
SUBJECT INDEX 47
Dewey Decimal Classification
649Sick-room 324Suffrage
355, 623Sieges 633Sugar-cane
536Sight 664Sugar manufacture
613Sight hygiene 633Sugar planting
654Signals 131Suicide
698Sign painting 992Sumatra
638Silk culture 717Summer-houses
677Silk manufacture 523Sun
638, 595Silk worm 992Sunda
549Silver metal 268Sunday-schools
628Silver mines 133Supernaturalism
332Silver money 133Superstition
233Sin 617Surgery
784Singing 929Surnames
362Sisters of Mercy 622Surveying
796Skating 157Susceptibility
211Skepticism 948Sweden
616Skin diseases 289Swedenborgians
941Skye 796Swimming
177, 345Slander 636Swine
427, 437, etc.Slang 949Switzerland
695Slating 160Syllogism
326Slavery 219Symbolism
497Slavic language 424Synonyms, English
897Slavic literature 444Synonyms, French
135Sleep 434Synonyms, German
135Sleep walking 484Synonyms, Greek
616, 614Small-pox 454Synonyms, Italian
664Soap-making 474Synonyms, Latin
177Social ethics 464Synonyms, Spanish
300Social science 616Syphilis
247Social worship 956Syria
335Socialisms 493Syriac language
706Societies, fine arts 493Syro-Chaldaic
60Societies, general 582Systematic botany
906Societies, history
SUBJECT INDEX 48
Dewey Decimal Classification
701Taste and criticism 549Tin mineral
336Taxation 336Tithes
579Taxidermy 615, 178, 633Tobacco
633Tea cultivation 646Toilet
371Teachers and teaching 336Tolls
660Technology, chemical 718Tombs
611, 617Teeth 622Topographical engineering
978Tehuantepec 910Topography
384Telegraph 178Total abstinence
654Telegraphy 615Toxicology
535, 522Telescope 244, 283Tractarianism
137Temperaments 362Tract society
178Temperance 380Trade
551, 536Temperature 608Trade marks
366Templars 680Trades, mechanic
976Tennessee 367, 606, 331Trades, unions
594Testacea Tragedies, see Drama.
225Testament, New 106, 206, 306, etc.Transactions
221Testament, Old 142Transcendentalism
349Testamentary law 880Translation, Greek authors
349Testimony 870Translation, Latin authors
976Texas 380, 656, 345Transportation
677Textile fabrics 282Transubstantiation
418Texts, comparative 943Transylvania
428Texts, English 639Trapping
448Texts, French 910Travels
438Texts, German 508Travels scientific
488Texts, Greek, with notes 345Treason
880Texts, Greek, without notes 352Treasury
458Texts, Italian 580Trees
478Texts, Latin, with notes 715Trees, ornamental
870Texts, Latin, without notes 345Trespass
468Texts, Spanish 340Trials
244Thanksgiving 514Trigonometry
Theater, see Drama. 565Trilobites
175Theater, ethics 232Trinity
792Theaters 449, 841Troubadours
792Theatricals 685Trunk-making
345Theft 344Trusts and trustees
211Theism 499Tungusic language
231, 214Theodicy 625Tunnels
230Theological doctrine 949Turkey
204Theological essays 956Turkey in Asia
200Theology 613Turkish baths
922Theology biography of 499Turkish language
240Theology devotional 674Turning
210Theology natural 945Tuscany
240Theology practical 671Type founding
521Theoretical astronomy 655Typography
541Theoretical chemistry 943Tyrol
SUBJECT INDEX 49
Dewey Decimal Classification
SUBJECT INDEX 50
Dewey Decimal Classification
613Watering-places 674Wood manufactures
745Wax flowers 636Wool
331Wealth 677Wool manufactures
551Weather 331Working classes
677Weaving 246-248Worship
389Weights and measures 651Writing
496Welsh language 653Writing short-hand
979West Indies
655Xylography
295Zend 590Zoölogy
295Zend Avesta 593Zoöphytes
521Zodiac 295Zoroaster
EXPLANATIONS
The titles of the subject catalogue are exact transcriptions of the title page, neither amended, translated, or in
any way altered, except that mottoes, titles of authors, repetitions, or matter of any kind not essential to a clear
titular description, are omitted. Omissions of mottoes are indicated by three stars (* * *); of other matter by
three dots (...). The phraseology, spelling, and punctuation of the title are exactly copied; but capitals are
given only to proper names and adjectives, and initial words of sentences. Any additions needed to make the
title clear are supplied and enclosed by brackets.
After the titles, are given in order: the place of publication; the year; the year of copyright, if different, in
brackets; the edition; the number of volumes, or of pages if in only one volume; the illustrations, maps, plates,
or portraits; and the size nearest in the arbitrary scale, regardless of the fold of the sheet. This scale gives the
heights in decimeters. Square and oblong books have the size prefixed by sq. or ob. Books 1 decimeter high
are called 32°; 1.5 deci., 16°; 2 deci., 12°; 2.5 deci., 8°; 3 deci., 4°; and all others are marked simply by the
nearest height, i.e. a book marked 4 is between 3.5 and 4.5 decimeters high. In books having more than one
pagination the number of pages is indicated by giving the last number of each pagination connected by a +; an
added + indicates additional matter unpaged.
These imprint entries give the facts regardless of the title page, and are left blank only when they can be
ascertained neither from the book itself or other sources.
The contents of volumes are given when on title pages, or when necessary to properly identify the volume, but
no analysis is attempted. Necessary notes are given at the bottom of the subject card after the imprint entries.
EXPLANATIONS 51
Dewey Decimal Classification
Duplicates are simply marked copy 2, copy 3, etc., and bear the same class and book number, but editions of
the same book distinct in character are catalogued separately.
In all the catalogues, books are entered under the surnames of authors when known; under the initials of
author's names, when these only appear, the last initial being put first; under the pseudonyms of the writers,
when the real names are not ascertained; under the names of editors of collections; under the names of
countries, cities, societies, or other bodies which are responsible for their publication; under the first word not
an article of the titles of periodicals and of anonymous books the names of whose authors are not ascertained.
Commentaries with the text, and translations are entered under the heading of the original work, but
commentaries without the text are entered under the name of the commentator. The Bible or any part of it in
any language is entered under the word Bible. Books having more than one author are entered under the first
named on the title.
In the headings of titles, the names of authors are given in their vernacular form. In English and French
surnames beginning with a prefix (except the French de and d') the name is recorded under the prefix. In other
languages and in French names beginning with de and d', the name is recorded under the word following the
prefix. Compound surnames are entered under the first part of the name. Noblemen and ecclesiastical
dignitaries are entered under their family names, but sovereigns, princes, oriental writers, friars, persons
canonized, and all other persons known only by their first name, are entered under this first name.
The catalogue is not a biographical dictionary, so only gives the names of authors with sufficient fullness to
distinguish them from each other in practical use.
Names in full face type are the ruling headings under which the books are entered in the various catalogues.
Entries not beginning with this type are in addition to the first or main entry, and are made under the names of
translators, editors, commentators, continuators, etc., as participators in the authorship; also in the case of
books having more than one author, or having both generic and specific titles, or published by societies or
other bodies, and having also the name of the individual author. These additional entries are made in order to
carry out the plan of the Authors' Catalogue, which aims to give under each author's name all his works which
the library contains.
The works of an author known by more than one name are given all together, under the form of name chosen.
Any other name or title by which he may be known, if it differs in the first three letters, is entered in its
alphabetical place, followed by the word see and the name under which the books are entered. Such cross
references have no titles given under them, but are simply guides to the name chosen.
A single dash indicates the omission of the preceding heading; a subsequent dash indicates the omission of a
subordinate heading or of a title. A dash connecting numbers signifies to and including; following a number it
signifies continuation. A ? following a word or entry signifies probably. Brackets enclose words added to
titles or changed in form.
Dates are all given in years of the common calendar, and Arabic numerals are uniformly used for all numbers.
EXPLANATIONS 52
Dewey Decimal Classification
SUBJECT CATALOGUE
The Subject Catalogue on large cards can be used to advantage only with the aid of the Classification or
Index. To find what the library has on any given subject, get from the Index the class number of that subject.
Under this number in the Subject Catalogue will be found the full titles of the books, with imprints, cross
references, and notes. The class number, by which the cards are arranged, is given in the upper left corner and
immediately under it is the book number. Any other class number given in the left hand margin refers to
another subject of which the book also treats. When the class number at the top is followed by an additional
figure in brackets, the subject as given in the printed scheme has been subdivided in arranging the cards. This
subdivision will be found on the first card of the catalogue which bears this class number. These figures in
brackets determine the arrangement of the titles in the Catalogue, but on the shelves, in the Shelf Catalogue,
and in calling for and charging books, they are entirely disregarded. Thus a book numbered 942(7).14 would
be in the Catalogue among the 942 cards arranged by the figure in brackets as though it were a decimal, but it
would be called for as 942.14, the brackets indicating that the final classing was limited to the Catalogue and
was not extended to the shelves. If a fourth figure is added without brackets, the final classing is extended to
the shelves as well as to the catalogue, and all the figures must be used in calling for the book. In such cases
the added figure is treated as a decimal in the arrangement, though the decimal point is not written.
The last card which bears any class number, gives under that number, followed by the word SEE the call
numbers of other books which treat of the same subject, but are classed elsewhere. General cross references
are also made in many cases without specifying individual books, as from Commerce as a question of
SOCIAL SCIENCE (380) to Commerce as a USEFUL ART, Book-keeping Business Manuals, etc. (650). In
such cases there is a card under 380 marked SEE 650, and under 650 there is a card marked SEE 380. From
whatever stand-point a subject is approached, the cross references guide at once to the same subject treated in
its other relations. These cross references both general and specific are often accompanied by brief notes,
characterizing the books to which reference is made.
There will be found at the beginning of many class numbers, a card noting the most reliable books on that
subject, and the best of the articles in periodicals, transactions, and collected works with the volume and page
where they may be found. It is hoped to give special prominence to these notes for the guidance of readers,
and they will be added as rapidly as other duties allow.
Many subjects will have no sub-section cards at the beginning; some will have no reference cards at the end;
and some may have no titles given under the number. The scheme provides a place for books on all subjects,
whether the library has them or not, so where no titles are given under a class number it shows that the library
has as yet no books on that subject.
Articles in periodicals and transactions, separate volumes of sets and collections which are located together, if
catalogued are put under their proper subject number, but no book number is given with it. The call number of
the book, where they may be found, is always given in the margin preceded by the word IN. In the same way
special chapters in books will sometimes be catalogued, e.g. a card marked 338 IN 331-27, would mean that
in the 27 books on 331, Capital and Labor, there was a chapter on 338, Production.
SUBJECT CATALOGUE 53
Dewey Decimal Classification
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