CHEMISTRY

INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
Compare Rate OF
Evaporation Of Different
Liquids.

In this project three different liquids are
taken and the are studied on the basis
of their rate of evaporation by
performing an experiment to determine
the same.

2014
-15
By Keertana Madan
XII A

2014-15

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Certificate
This is to certify that Keertana Madan of
Class XII-A and roll no _______ has
completed this project under my guidance
and supervision.







Mrs. Prarthna Chatterjee
Chemistry Teacher
Summer Fields School

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I feel immense pleasure in presenting this project Report. I
am grateful to my Chemistry Teacher, Mrs. Prarthna
Chatterjee who inspired me and helped me in presenting this
project report. Her guidance and support proved to be of
immense aide for the completion of this project.
I would also like to express my gratitude towards the lab-
assistant Mr._____________ without whose
assistance the experiments would not have been successfully
completed.
Lastly, I would like to thank my parents for their patience
and support that has helped me a lot.
A huge Thank You to all of you.


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Aim:
To compare the rate of
evaporation of different liquids.

















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Apparatus :
1). Pipette
2). Test Tubes (3)
3) . Petri dishes (3)
4). Watch Glasses
5). Graduated cylinder














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List of Contents
1. Introduction.
2. Materials Required.
3. Theory.
4. Procedure.
5. Observations.
6. Results














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Introduction:
It is a matter of common experience that a liquid
placed in an open vessel disappears gradually. It is
because all liquids on heating changes into vapor
and this process of change of liquid into vapor is
termed as evaporation.
We know that the molecules of a liquid are held
closely by attraction and their attractive forces are
constant in motion. However at any given instant
not all the molecules have some kinetic energy
ranging to very low to very high value. As a result of
this the highly energetic friction of the molecules at
the surface could overcome the intermolecular
attractive forces and escape from the surface.
Evaporation is accompanied by cooling. This is due
to the escape of more energetic molecules as
vapor resulting in decrease of average kinetic
energy of the remaining molecules.







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Materials Required:
1. Water.
2. Petrol.
3. Methyl alcohol.
















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Theory
The three liquids used for this experiment are:
Petrol, Methyl Alcohol and Water. A few words
about them are given below:-
PETROL
It is produced from petroleum. Petroleum is a dark
viscous oily liquid which occurs at various depths
below the surface of earth. It is also called rock oil
and is often associated with large neutral gases
which are removed, then the remaining liquid is
called crude oil. Petroleum in modern civilization is
also known as liquid gold. The refining of the
crude oil is done in refineries. Thus, it is possible to
separate the crude oil into a number of useful
products. Petrol is produced at 343-393 K from
petroleum. Its approx composition is C7-C9. It has
making petrol gas for dry-cleaning. It is called
gasoline.





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METHYL ALCOHOL-
The hydroxy derivative of methane is termed as
methyl alcohol. As there is only one hydroxy group
present in the formula of methyl alcohol i.e.
CH3OH, so it is monohydric alcohol. These days
methanol is prepared in a synthetic method by
passing the mixture of CO & H2O over a heated
catalyst (Cr2O3OH) at 723 K. It has a pleasant smell
but a burning taste and is lighter than water. Its
boiling point is very low.
WATER-
Out of all chemical substances around us, water is
the most important. It covers nearly 3/4
th
of earths
surface. It is very essential for the growth of human
body, which consists of 75% of water. It is clear,
transparent liquid without any smell, color and
taste. It freezes at 227K & boils at 373K. Water is
regarded as a universal solvent because most of
the inorganic solutions are soluble in it. Chemically,
water is quite stable and is neutral towards the
litmus.



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Procedure :
1). Take three pipettes. After cleaning and
drying them, measure 10 ml of distilled water
with one pipette and pour it into petril.
Similarly with pipettes, take 10 ml of petrol and
methanol.
2). Place all the three petri dishes with liquids
into the fume cup-board and start the stop
watch.
3). After exactly 45 minutes carry out the
liquids and measure the graduated cylinder.
4). Find the volume of V1-V2; where V1 is the
volume of liquid taken and V2 is the volume of
liquid remained after 45 minutes.









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OBSERVATION Table:
S.no Names of the
liquids
V1
Initial Volume
V2
Final Volume
Time
(Minutes)
Change
Volume (V)
1 Petrol 10 7.5 45 2.5
2 Methanol 10 8 45 2
3 Water 10 9 45 1













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Results:
The rate of evaporation of the
three liquids taken i.e. petrol,
methyl, water is in the following
order :
1). Petrol.
2). Methyl Alcohol.
3). Water.













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THANK
YOU