1

SEMINAR
STATISTICS CAPACITY BUILDING PROGRAM
ON TOURISM STATISTICS FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC 2010-2012
Bangkok, Thailand, 5-9 March 2012
Ministry of Tourism and
Creative Economic
Bank Indonesia
Statistics Indonesia
INDONESIA TOURISM SATELLITE ACCOUNT
NERACA SATELIT PARIWISATA NASIONAL
(NESPARNAS)
BACKGROUND
Indonesia, as one of tourism destination in the world
has many potential tourism attractions.
The aim of tourism is to promote the tourism sector
as a primary source of revenue and create more job
opportunity
Tourism is a multi-sector activity which deal with
economy. arts. culture and environment


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WHY WE NEED TSA ?
Tourism is one of example of economic sectors that
are not defined as industries in national account. It
is an amalgam of industries such as transportation,
accommodation, food and beverages services and
other.

A Satellite Account is a term developed by UN to
measures the size of economic sectors that are not
defined as industries in national account. Therefore
we need TSA, to measure the size or contribution of
tourism in an economy.


THE ROLE OF TOURISM IN THE ECONOMY
From the 3 points of view
A. TOURISM IN THE PRODUCTION SECTOR (GDP)
1. Agriculture
3. Manufacturing
4. Utility
5. Construction
6. Trade. Hotel. and
Restaurant
7. Transportation/communication
9. Services
8. Finance
2. Mining
1. Wages & Salaries
2. Profits
3. Property income
4. Taxes
5. Depreciation
B. TOURISM IN INCOME (GDI)
1
6 5
4 9
8 7
3
2
C. TOURISM IN CONSUMPTION AND
INVESTMENT
4. Export
3. Investment
2. Government consumption
1. Household consumption
5. Import
T S A
Expen
diture
Sector
Income
Sub Account
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
3
STAGES IN COMPILING TSA
FORMULATE
GENERAL FRAME WORK
OF T S A
DETERMINE
VARIABLES
COMPILE THE
FLOW OF ACTIVITY
DISCUSS ON CONCEPT.
DEFINITION. CLASSIFICATION
AND METHODOLOGY
IDENTIFYING.
COLLECTING.
PROCESSING DATA.
BASIC TABULATION
DECIDE THE
PRIORITY
SIMULATION &
COMPILING
T S A
SEMINAR
ANALYSE
INTER-INSTITUTIONAL PLATFORM
Statistics-Indonesia (BPS/NSO)
- Compiling tourism statistics
- Compiling I-O table and national/regional accounts
Ministry of Tourism and Economic Creative (NTA)
- Organizing the primary data sources
Central Bank of Indonesia (BI)
- compiling balance of payments
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INFORMATION ON I-TSA COVER :
1) Economic profile of tourism sector
2) Tourist expenditure structure and its magnitude
3) Structure of tourism related sector
4) Structure of employment and its share on national
labor force
5) Contribution of tourism sector on national economy

Tourist expenditures
(inbound, outbound, and
domestic)
Tourism promotion by
private and government
Capital formation of
tourism by private and
government
Goods and services
consumed by tourist, such
as:
Hotel
Restaurant
Transportation
Travel bureau
Etc.
Demand Supply
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DOMESTIC TOURISM
Indonesia resident who travels voluntarily within
Indonesia territory outside his/her usual environment. less
than 6 (six) months and his/her purpose of travel is not for
studying or earning wages and salaries in the place
visited, and he/she
Travels to commercial tourism object, and or
Stays in hotel or commercial accommodation, and or
The distance of round trip is equal or more than 100km

INBOUND TOURIST
Recommendation of WTO and IUOTO
any person visiting a country (Indonesia) other than that
in which he/she has usual place of residence for any
reason other than following an occupation remunerated
from within the country visited (Indonesia) and length of
stay in place visited less than 12 months with the purpose
of visit among others are for: holiday. business. health.
education. mission/meeting/congress. visiting friends or
relatives. religion. sport. and others.
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OUTBOUND TOURIST
Indonesia resident who going abroad other than following
an occupation remunerated within the country visited. and
staying not more than 12 (twelve) months with the
purpose of visit among others are for: holiday. business.
health. education. mission/meeting/congress. visiting
friends or relatives. religion. sport. and others.
DATA SOURCES
Administrative Record for Inbound and Outbound Tourist
Number of foreign visitors (and national resident
abroad) and Indonesian residents going abroad
Passenger Exit Survey (PES)
Average expenditure and consumption pattern of
inbound tourist
Conducted twice a year (peak and low season)
Number of sample around 15,000 respondents

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DATA SOURCES (CONTINUED)
Domestic Tourist survey
Estimate number of domestic tourist (conducted by
NSO every year)
Average expenditure and consumption pattern of
tourist (Conducted by NSO and NTA every three year)
Latest survey was in 2011 covering 6.000 households
(2012 still in progress)
Outbound Survey
Average expenditure of outbound tourist
Conducted by NTA

DATA SOURCES (CONTINUED)
Indonesia Up dating I-O Table 2008
Latest one is I-O table 2000
Now NSO is compiling Table I-O 2010 (still in progress)
Other sources
Secondary data: investment. labor force


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METHODOLOGY
The methodology proposed by UNWTO(TSA : RMF 2008):

1. Direct Effect
2. Indirect and induced effect:
Model based on Input-Output analysis
Computable Equilibrium Models
Multipliers

ECONOMIC IMPACT OF TOURISM
Use I-O model to measure economic impact of tourism
Expenditures (tourists, capital formation and tourism
development made by government and private) treated
as final demand in I-O framework
Each expenditure is reclassified following sectoral I-O
classification
Economic impact:
Impact of tourism in generating sectoral value of
production, GDP, wages & salaries, indirect taxes and
employment

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CALCULATION/FORMULA
a. Impact of Tourism on OUTPUT

X
i
= ( I - A
d
)
-1
. C
i
where :
X
i
= Output that generated by tourism consumption
( I - A
d
)
-1
= Invers Matrices (Leontif matrices) as regression
coeff. in the model
C
i
= Tourism consumption, covers 1) inbound, 2)
outbound, 3) domestics, 4) tourism investment,
and 5) government expenditure for tourism

b. Impact of Tourism on GDP
V
i
= v( I - A
d
)
-1
. C
i
where:
V
i
= GDP that generated by tourism consumption
v = diagonal matrices of GDP coefficient, that is ratio
of GDP to output
( I - A
d
)
-1
= Invers of matrices (Leontif matrices) as a
regression coeff. in the model
C
i
= Tourism consumption, covers 1) inbound, 2)
outbound, 3) domestics, 4) tourism investment,
and 5) government expenditure for tourism

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c. Impact of Tourism on Wages/salary

W
j
= w( I - A
d
)
-1
. C
i
where:
W
j
= Wages/salary that generated by tourism
consumption
w = diagonal matrices of wages coefficient, that is
ratio of wages to output
( I - A
d
)
-1
= Invers of matrices (Leontif matrices) as a
regression coeff. in the model
C
i
= Tourism consumption, covers 1) inbound, 2)
outbound, 3) domestics, 4) tourism investment,
and 5) government expenditure for tourism

d. Impact of Tourism on Indirect Taxes

T
j
= t ( I - A
d
)
-1
. C
i
Where:
T
j
= Indirect taxes that generated by tourism
consumption
t = diagonal matrices of taxes coefficient. that is ratio
of taxes to output
( I - A
d
)
-1
= Invers of matrices (Leontif matrices) as a
regression coeff. in the model
C
i
= Tourism consumption, covers 1) inbound, 2)
outbound, 3) domestics, 4) tourism investment,
and 5) government expenditure for tourism

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e. Impact of Tourism on Employment

L
j
= l ( I - A
d
)
-1
. C
i
Where:
L
j
= Labor Force that generated by tourism
consumption
l = diagonal matrices of labor force coefficient, that is
ratio of labor force to output
( I - A
d
)
-1
= Invers of matrices (Leontif matrices) as a
regression coeff. in the model
C
i
= Tourism consumption, covers 1) inbound, 2)
outbound, 3) domestics, 4) tourism investment,
and 5) government expenditure for tourism

I-TSA TABLES
Tables presented in I-TSA are different from 10 tables
suggested by WTO, due to:
o Limitation of data sources in Indonesia
o Different classification of products on tourism
Ex: same day visitors data are not available separately

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Table 1.Inbound Tourism Consumption by Product , 2010
(trillion Rupiah)
Products Inbound Tourist
(1) (2)
1. Hotel and Other Accommodation 29.27
2. Restaurant and its Similar
12.71
3. Domestic Transport
5.18
4. Travel Bureau. Tour Operator & Guide Service
1.57
5. Art. Culture. Recreation and Entertainment 4.29
6. Other Tourism Service
0.92
7. Souvenir
6.54
8. Health and Beauty
1.26
9. Non Food Product
5.34
10. Agricultural Product
1.29
Total

68.36
Number of trips (million people) 7.00.
Table 2. Domestic Tourism Consumption
by Product and ad hoc sets of residents visitors,
2010 (trillion rupiah)
Products
Resident
traveling within
Indonesia
Resident
traveling
abroad
(pre+post trip)
Total

(1) (3) (4)
(5)
1. Hotel and Other Accomodation
16.77 0.04 16.81
2. Restaurant and its Similar
30.50 0.45 30.95
3. Domestic Transport
62.08 0.65 62.73
4. Travel Bureau. Tour Operator &
Guide Service
2.28 0.87 3.15
5. Art. Culture. Recreation and
Entertainment
2.89 - 2.89
6. Other Tourism Service
6.41 - 6.41
7. Souvenir
6.12 - 6.12
8. Health and Beauty
0.08 - 0.08
9. Non Food Product
19.05 1.18 20.22
10. Agricultural Product
4.25 - 4.25
Total

150.41 3.19 153.61
Number of trips (million people) 234.38 6.24
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Table 3. Outbound Tourism Consumption by Product , 2010
(trillion rupiah)
Products
Resident traveling
abroad
(1) (2)
1. Hotel and Other Accomodation
20.13
2. Restaurant and its Similar
8.45
3. Domestic Transport
3.04
4. Travel Bureau. Tour Operator & Guide Service
0.83
5. Art. Culture. Recreation and Entertainment
0.69
6. Other Tourism Service
1.03
7. Souvenir
4.56
8. Health and Beauty
4.68
9. Non Food Product
10.51
10. Agricultural Product
0.86
Total

54.75
Number of trips 6.24
Table 4. Internal Tourism Consumption by
Product and Type of Visitors, 2010 (trillion rupiah)
Products
Inbound
tourism
Domestic
tourism
Total

(1) (2) (3) (4)
1. Hotel and Other Accomodation
29.27 16.81 46.08
2. Restaurant and its Similar
12.71 30.95 43.66
3. Domestic Transport
5.18 62.73 67.91
4. Travel Bureau. Tour Operator & Guide
Service
1.57 3.15 4.73
5. Art. Culture. Recreation and Entertainment
4.29 2.89 7.18
6. Other Tourism Service
0.92 6.41 7.32
7. Souvenir
6.54 6.12 12.66
8. Health and Beauty
1.26 0.08 1.34
9. Non Food Product
5.34 20.22 25.56
10. Agricultural Product
1.29 4.25 5.53
Total 68.36 153.61 221.97
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Table 5. Gross Fixed Capital Formation Related to Tourism
by Kind of Capital Good (trillion Rp), 2010
Capital Goods Total Distr (%)
1. Hotel & Other Accom.
15.44 17.59
2. Rest & Its Similar Constr.
8.01 9.12
3. Building for cultural serv. . trade centre and similar
12.00 13.68
4. Sport. Rect & Entr Constr.
8.80 10.03
5. Infrastructure (road. bridge. port)
14.14 16.11
6. Others Construction
5.05 5.76
7. Machinery and Equipment
5.56 6.34
8. Transport Equipment
14.46 16.48
9. Other Capital
4.30 4.89
Total
87.76
100.00
Table 6. Government Expenditure for Tourism Promotion and
Development by Kind of Activity, 2010 (trillion rupiah)
Kind of Activity Expenditure Distribution (%)
1. Tourism Promotion
1.04 16.07
2. Planning & Coord. of Tourism
Development
1.66 25.78
3. Compiling Stat & Stat Inf
1.00 15.47
4. Research & Development
1.35 21.00
5. Implementation & Ser. Tourism
Information
0.85 13.22
6. Security & Safety of Tourist
0.18 2.77
7. Supervision & Regulation
0.21 3.30
8. Others
0.15 2.38
Total
6.44 100.00
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Table 7. Economic Impact of Tourism Sector, 2010(trillion rupiah)
No. Economic Sector
Tourist exp.
Gov.exp, and
invest
Impact on
Output GDP
Wages/
Salaries
Taxes
Employ-
ment
(thous.)
1. Agricultural
1.89 40.19 26.25 6.53 0.49 2.19
2. Mining and Quarrying
0.00 15.74 12.74 2.22 0.52 0.07
3. Manufacturing
69.37 171.13 68.07 20.21 3.04 1.24
4. Elect.. Gas & Water
0.01 4.33 1.60 1.10 0.19 0.01
5. Construction
63.44 67.72 24.59 9.14 0.89 0.52
6. Trade
0.00 29.30 15.65 4.44 0.58 0.80
7. Restaurant
46.62 50.07 21.65 7.63 0.97 0.54
8. Hotel
37.88 38.33 22.78 8.03 1.02 0.28
9. Land Transport
29.72 36.50 14.58 6.65 0.31 0.75
10. Water Transport 6.95 8.51 2.68 0.98 0.08 0.12
11. Air Transport
38.68 40.91 12.49 5.83 0.46 0.14
12. Services allied to
trans.
4.35 9.73 5.54 2.20 0.11 0.13
13. Communication
3.36 7.57 5.91 1.19 0.05 0.06
14. Other Services
15.04 45.14 26.54 8.64 0.66 0.58
Total of Tourism
317.30 565.15 261.06 84.80 9.35 7.44
Total of Economy
11.956.62 6.422.92 1.831.09 225.10 108.21
Share of Tourism
4.73 4.06 4.63 4.16 6.87
Tabel 8. Contribution of tourism in economic structure
and labor force, 2010
No. Economic Sector
Output Value Added / GDP Labor Force
Total
(trillion Rp)
% of
Tourism
Total
(trillion Rp)
% of Tourism
Total
(million
people)
% of Tourism

1. Agricultural
1.356.39 2.96 985.14 2.66 41.49 5.28
2. Mining and Quarrying 868.93 1.81 716.39 1.78 1.25 5.56
3. Manufacturing
4.090.14 4.18 1.594.33 4.27 13.82 8.99
4. Elect.. Gas & Water
133.05 3.25 50.04 3.20 0.23 5.21
5. Construction
1.481.54 4.57 660.97 3.72 5.59 9.35
6. Trade
1.131.67 2.59 702.28 2.23 12.67 6.28
7. Restaurant
387.96 12.91 154.89 13.98 6.58 8.16
8. Hotel
48.92 78.36 23.94 95.13 3.22 8.80
9. Land Transport
7.04 74.26 2.19 71.63 0.75 12.12
10. Water Transport
289.33 10.81 118.82 10.95 3.37 19.42
11. Air Transport
81.92 10.39 23.05 11.64 0.22 51.38
12. Services allied to trans.
117.29 34.87 33.99 36.75 0.28 50.56
13. Communication 71.36 13.63 33.72 16.44 0.75 17.70
14. Other Services
214.33 3.53 205.69 2.87 0.27 22.31
15.
Economic Sector
1.676.75 2.69 1.117.47 2.37 17.70 3.31
Jumlah 11.956.62 4.73 6.422.92 4.06 108.21 6.87
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Table 9. Economic Impact of Tourism. 2010 (Summary)
Output
(trillion Rp)
GDP
(trillion Rp)
Wages/
Salaries
(trillion Rp)
Indirect Taxes
(trillion Rp)
Employ-
ment
(million
people)
A. Total Economy
11.956.62 6.422.92 1.831.09 225.10 108.21
B. Total of Tourism Impact
565.15 261.06 84.80 9.35 7.44
1. Inbound Tourist
123.48 60.41 19.27 2.35 1.97
2. Domestic Tourist
265.31 123.83 40.65 4.29 3.78
3. (Pre+Post) Trip
Outbound
7.85 3.59 1.17 0.14 0.11
4. Investment
157.48 67.65 21.76 2.39 1.43
5. Promotion
11.03 5.58 1.94 0.18 0.15
C. Tourism Share (%)
4.73 4.06 4.63 4.16 6.87
1. Inbound Tourist
1.03 0.94 1.05 1.05 1.82
2. Domestic Tourist
2.22 1.93 2.22 1.91 3.50
3. (Pre+Post) Trip
Outbound
0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.10
4. Investment
1.32 1.05 1.19 1.06 1.32
5. Promotion 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.08 0.13
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF TOURISM 2010
Inbound
Consumption
(68.36)
Tourism investment
(87.76)
Domestic
consumption
(150.41)
I-O
Multiplier
Matrix
Impact on Output
(565.15)
Impact on GDP
(261.06)
Impact on
Employment
(7.44)
Impact on Indirect
Taxes (9.35)
Impact on
Wages/Salary
(84.80)
ECONOMIC IMPACT
TABLE I-O 2008
UPDATING
GDP
(6,422.92)
Total
Employment
(108.21)
Total wages
(1,831.09)
Total Indirect
Taxes (225.10)
Government exp
on tourism (6.44)
Outbound
consumption
(pre+post) (3.19)
Total Ouput
(11.956.62)
4.73 %
4.06 %
6.87 %
4.63 %
4.16 %
The figure is in trillion rupiah , except
for employment in million people
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