Name: ___________________ (To be written by the candidate) 12 th NATIONAL CERTIFICATION EXAMINATION FOR ENER! MANAERS " ENER! A#$ITORS O%to&er' 2(11 PAPER 1) eneral Aspe%ts o* Ener+, Mana+e-ent " Ener+, Au.it $ate) 1/01(02(11 Ti-in+s) (1)2(312)2( 4RS $uration) 2 4RS Ma50 Mar6s) 1/( Se%tion II) S4ORT $ESCRIPTI7E 8#ESTIONS Mar6s) 9 5 / : ;( (i) Answer all Ei+ht questions (ii) Each question carries Fi<e marks S31 List an, *i<e %lip3on = porta&le instru-ents use. in ener+, au.itin+0 Ans Power analyser !lue gas analyser non"contact !low meter lu# meter thermocou$les hygrometer $sychrometer anemometer tachometer strobosco$e in!rared thermometer etc Note: E%aluator may look into any !i%e instruments S32 The ratin+ o* a sin+le phase ele%tri% +e,ser is 2((( >atts' at 22( 7olt0 Cal%ulate) a? Rate. %urrent &? Resistan%e o* the +e,ser in Oh-s %? A%tual po@er .ra@n @hen the -easure. suppl, <olta+e is 21( 7olts Ans a)Rated &urrent o! the 'eyser ( ) P*+) ,---*,.- ) /01 Am$ere b)Resistance +alue R ) +*( ) ,.-*/01 ) ,203 4hms c)Actual Power drawn at ,5- +olts ) (+*R)6+ ) (,5-*,203)6,5- ) 521- 7att 4R (,5-*,.-)6(,5-*,.-)6,--- ) 521- 7att 5 _______________________ 8ureau o! Energy E!!iciency Paper 1 Set B Solutions S32 Cal%ulate the net present <alue o<er a perio. o* 2 ,ears *or a proAe%t @ith one in<est-ent o* Rs /('((( at the &e+innin+ o* the *irst ,ear an. a se%on. in<est-ent o* Rs 2('((( at the &e+innin+ o* the se%on. ,ear an. *uel %ost sa<in+s o* Rs ;('((( ea%h in the se%on. an. thir. ,ear0 The .is%ount rate is 1;B0 Ans NP+ )
) " 9---- : ,2.52 ; .-11< ; ,2<<< ) " Rs0 5/9./ S3; In a heat e5%han+er the inlet an. outlet te-peratures o* the %oolin+ @ater are 2( ( C an. 2C ( C0 The *lo@ rate o* %oolin+ @ater is /(( litres=hr0 The pro%ess *lui. enters the heat e5%han+er at C( ( C an. lea<es at ;/ ( C0Fin. out the *lo@ rate o* the pro%ess *lui.DECp o* pro%ess *lui. is (09 6Cal=6+ ( C?0 ANS =eat trans!erred to cooling water ) m c$ t ) 9-- # 5 # (.2".-) ) .--- kcal*hour >low rate o! $rocess !luid ).---*(2-"39)6(0/) ),9- kgs*hr S3/ 8rie!ly e#$lain the di!!erences between $reliminary and detailed energy audit ANS Preliminary energy audit which is also known as 7alk"Through Audit and ?iagnostic Audit is a relati%ely quick e#ercise and uses e#isting or easily obtained data0 The sco$e o! $reliminary energy audit is to: Establish energy consum$tion in the organi@ation (sources: energy bills and in%oices) 4btain related data such as $roduction !or relating with energy consum$tion Estimate the sco$e !or energy sa%ings (denti!y the most likely and the easiest areas !or attention (e0g0 unnecessary lighting higher tem$erature settings leakage etc0) (denti!y immediate (es$ecially no"*low"cost) im$ro%ements* sa%ings Aet u$ a baseline or reference point !or energy consum$tion (denti!y areas !or more detailed study*measurement ?etailed energy audit is a com$rehensi%e audit and results in a detailed energy $roBect im$lementation $lan !or a !acility since it accounts !or the energy use o! all maBor equi$ment0 (t considers the interacti%e e!!ects o! %arious $roBects and o!!ers the most accurate estimate o! energy sa%ings and cost0 (t includes detailed energy cost sa%ing calculations and $roBect im$lementation costs0 4ne o! the key elements in a detailed energy audit is the energy balance0 This is based , _______________________ 8ureau o! Energy E!!iciency " 9---- .---- 3---- 3---- , 5053 . Paper 1 Set B Solutions on an in%entory o! energy"using systems assum$tions o! current o$erating conditions measurements and calculations o! energy use0 ?etailed energy auditing is carried out in three $hases: a) Pre Audit Phase b) Audit Phase and c) Post Audit Phase0 S3C A %otton -ill .ries 2((( 6+ o* @et *a&ri% in a .rier *ro- /;B initial -oisture to 1B *inal -oisture0 4o@ -an, 6ilo+ra-s o* @ater are re-o<e. .urin+ .r,in+ operationD ANS 8asis: ,--- kg*hr o! wet !abric ?ry !abric ) ,--- # -032 ) <,- kg 7eight o! !inal !abric ) <,-*-0<5 ) 5-55 kg 7ater remo%ed ) ,--- : 5-55 ) </< kg S3F 7hat is ?emand Aide Canagement (?AC)D 8rie!ly list down the bene!its o! ?AC with e#am$les ANS ?emand Aide Canagement (?AC) means managing o! the demand !or $ower by utilities * ?istribution com$anies among some or all its customers to meet current or !uture needs0 ?AC $rograms result in energy and * or demand reduction0 ?AC also enables end"users to better manage their load cur%e and thus im$ro%es the $ro!itability0 Potential energy sa%ing through ?AC is treated same as new additions on the su$$ly side in C7s0 ?AC can reduce the ca$ital needs !or $ower ca$acity e#$ansion0 E5a-ples) Re$lacement o! ine!!icient $um$s by star rated $um$s under agricultural ?AC Esing time o! the day tari!! to shi!t the demand !rom $eak to o!! $eak hours Etc . _______________________ 8ureau o! Energy E!!iciency CF0 CF1 CFn n CFt NPV = _ _ ------------- + -------------- + - - - + ------------- = ----------- (1 + ) 0 ( 1 + ) 1 ( 1 + ) n t = 0 ( 1 + ) t Paper 1 Set B Solutions S39 8rie!ly com$are NP+ and (RR method o! !inancial analysis0 ANS Net Present 7alue The net present value method calculates the present value o! all the yearly cash !lows (i0e0 ca$ital costs and net sa%ings) incurred or accrued throughout the li!e o! a $roBect and summates them0 &osts are re$resented as negati%e %alue and sa%ings as a $ositi%e %alue0 The sum o! all the $resent %alue is known as the net present value (NP+)0 The higher the net present value the more attracti%e the $ro$osed $roBect0 The net $resent %alue takes into account the time %alue o! money and it considers the cash !low stream in entire $roBect li!e0 For %o<erin+ &rie*l, the %on%ept o* NP7 20/ Mar6s EEGuation is not a -ust? Internal Rate o* Return Metho. 8y setting the net $resent %alue o! an in%estment to @ero (the minimum %alue that would make the in%estment worthwhile) the discount rate can be com$uted0 The internal rate o! return ((RR) o! a $roBect is the discount rate which makes its net $resent %alue (NP+) equal to @ero0 (t is the discount rate in the equation: &>- &>5 &>n n &>t - ) __ """"""""""""" ; """""""""""""" ; " " " ; """"""""""""" ) """"""""""" (5 ; ) - ( 5 ; ) 5 ( 5 ; ) n t ) - ( 5 ; ) t 7here&>t ) cash !low at the end o! year FtG ) discount rate n ) li!e o! the $roBect0 ------- End of Section - II --------- 3 _______________________ 8ureau o! Energy E!!iciency Paper 1 Set B Solutions Se%tion III) LON $ESCRIPTI7E 8#ESTIONS Mar6s) C 5 1( : C( (i) Answer all Si5 questions (ii) Each question carries Ten marks L31 An e<aporator is to &e *e. @ith C((( 6+=hr o* a solution ha<in+ 1 B soli.s0 The *ee. is at 29 o C0 It is to &e %on%entrate. to 2B soli.s0 Stea- is enterin+ at a total enthalp, o* C;( 6Cal=6+ an. the %on.ensate lea<es at 1(( o C0 Enthalpies o* *ee. are 2901 6%al=6+' pro.u%t solution is 1((09 6Cal=6+ an. that o* the <apour is C;( 6Cal=6+0 Fin. the -ass o* <apour *or-e. per hour an. the -ass o* stea- use. per hour0 ANS Mass o* <apour >eed ) 2--- kg*hr H 5 I solids Aolids ) 2--- # 5*5-- ) 2- kg*hr Cassout # ,*5-- ) 2- Cassout ) 2---*, ) .--- kg*hr +a$our !ormed ) 2--- : .--- ) .--- kg*hr Thick liquor ) .--- kg*hr
Stea- %onsu-ption) Enthal$y o! !eed ) 2--- # ./05 ) ,,0/ # 5- 3 k&al Enthal$y o! the thick liquor ) 5--0/ # .--- ) .-,3-- k&al Enthal$y o! the %a$our ) 23- # .--- ) 5<,---- k&al =eat 8alance =eat in$ut by steam ; heat in !eed ) heat out in %a$our ; =eat out in thick liquor JC # (23-"5--) ; ./05 # 2---K ) (5<,---- ; .-,3--) C # 93- ) ,5<<93- Cass o! steam required ) ,5<<93-*93- ) ;(F2 6+=hr L32 A paper -ill has t@o in<est-ent options *or ener+, sa<in+ proAe%ts) 9 _______________________ 8ureau o! Energy E!!iciency Paper 1 Set B Solutions Option ) A In<est-ent en<isa+e. Rs0;( la6hs ' annual return is Rs0/ la6hs' li*e o* the proAe%t is 1( ,ears' .is%ount rate 1(B 0
Option ) B In<est-ent en<isa+e. Rs02; la6hs' annual return Rs09 la6hs' li*e o* the proAe%t is 9 ,ears' .is%ount rate is 1(B0 Cal%ulate IRR o* &oth the options an. su++est @hi%h option the paper -ill shoul. sele%t %onsi.erin+ the ris6 is sa-e *or &oth the options0 ANS Option A IRR : ;029 B Option B IRR : 29019 B 8ased on (RR 4$tion A has higher (RR and the mill may o$t !or option B
2 _______________________ 8ureau o! Energy E!!iciency 5 x 10 5 5 x 10 5
-40 x 10 5 = + -------------- + - - - + ------------- ( 1 + X ) 1 ( 1 + X ) 10
8 x 10 5 8 x 10 5
-24 x 10 5 = + -------------- + - - - + ------------- ( 1 + X ) 1 ( 1 + X ) 8
Paper 1 Set B Solutions L32 #se C#S#M te%hniGue an. %al%ulate ener+, sa<in+s *or *irst C -onths o* 2(11 *or those ener+, sa<in+ -easures i-ple-ente. &, a plant prior to Hanuar,'2(110 The a<era+e pro.u%tion *or the perio. Han3Hun 2(11 is 1((( MT=Month The plant .ata is +i<en in the ta&le &elo@0 2(113Month A%tual Spe%i*i% Ener+, Consu-ption' 6>h=MT Pre.i%te. Spe%i*i% Ener+, Consu-ption' 6>h=MT Han 12(2 1(21 Fe& 119F 11F9 Mar 1;(1 1;F1 Apr 1;/( 1;/( Ma, 122; 119; Hun 1222 1122 ANS Answer: The table abo%e gi%es %alues o! A$eci!ic energy consum$tion monitored +s $redicted !or each month0 The %ariations are calculated and the &umulati%e sum o! di!!erences is calculated !rom Lan"Lune",-550 ,-55" Conth Actual "AE& k7h*CT Predicted AE&" k7h*CT ?i!!erence) Actual"Predicted &EAEC Lan 5,-. 5-,5 182 182 >eb 55/1 551/ 9 191 Car 53-5 5315 -70 121 A$r 539- 539- 0 121 Cay 5.,3 55/3 140 261 Lun 5,.. 55.. 100 361 Aince the &umulati%e sum is $ositi%e the $lant has consumed more energy than it should ha%e by $rediction (calculated) Energy loss ) .25 k7h*CT # 5--- CT Energy loss !or si# months ) .25 k7h*CT#5--- CT L3; In a te5tile plant the a<era+e -onthl, ener+, %onsu-ption is /'(('((( 6>h o* pur%hase. ele%tri%it, *ro- +ri.' ;( 6L o* *urna%e oil E spe%i*i% +ra<it,:(012? *or ther-i% *lui. heater' C( tonne o* %oal *or stea- &oiler' an. 1( 6L o* 4S$ E sp0+ra<it,: (099/? *or -aterial han.lin+ eGuip-ent0 i<en .ata) E1 6>h : 9C( 6%al' C7 o* %oal: 2;/( 6Cal=6+' C7 o* *urna%e oil: 1('((( 6Cal=6+' C7 o* 4S$: 1('/(( 6Cal=6+' 16+ oil eGui<alent : 1('((( 6Cal? a? Cal%ulate the ener+, %onsu-ption in ter-s o* Metri% Tonne o* Oil EGui<alent 1 _______________________ 8ureau o! Energy E!!iciency Paper 1 Set B Solutions EMTOE? *or the plant0 &? Cal%ulate the per%enta+e share o* ener+, sour%es use. &ase. on %onsu-ption in MTOE &asis0 %? Co--ent @hether this te5tile plant Guali*ies as a noti*ie. .esi+nate. %onsu-er un.er the Ener+, Conser<ation A%tD ANS a) (3---- #-0<,# 5----) ; (2---- # .39-) ; (9----- # /2-) ; (5----# -0//9 # 5-9--) CT4E ) (.20/ # 5- 1 ) ; (,-01 # 5- 1 ) ; (3. # 5- 1 ); (<0,<,9 # 5- 1 ) 5- 1 ) 5-<0/ Cetric Tonnes o! 4il Equi%alent $er month b) Electricity I) .<0, >urnace oilI)..09 &oal I )5/0/9 =A?I )/032 c) Annual energy consum$tion o! the te#tile $lant ) 5-<0/ # 5, ) 5.5102 CT4E which is less than .--- CT4E cut o!! limit as noti!ied under the E& act0 There!ore this te#tile $lant is not a designated consumer !or the $resent energy consum$tion le%els0 L3/ >rite short notes on an, t@o National Mission *or Enhan%e. Ener+, E**i%ien%, ISO /(((1 $istin%tion &et@een ener+, %onser<ation an. ener+, e**i%ien%, ANS National Mission *or Enhan%e. Ener+, E**i%ien%, It is one o! the eight national missions under National Action Plan on &limate &hange (NAP&&)0 To enhance energy e!!iciency !our new initiati%es will be $ut in $lace0 These are: A market based mechanism to enhance cost e!!ecti%eness o! im$ro%ements in energy e!!iciency in energy intensi%e large industries and !acilities through certi!ication o! energy sa%ings that could be traded0 Accelerating the shi!t to energy e!!icient a$$liances in designated sectors through inno%ati%e measures to make the $roducts more a!!ordable0 &reation o! mechanisms that would hel$ !inance the demand side management $rogrammes in all sectors by ca$turing !uture energy sa%ings0 ?e%elo$ing !iscal instruments to $romote energy e!!iciency0 ISO /(((1 The !uture (A4 9---5 standard !or energy management was recently a$$ro%ed as a / _______________________ 8ureau o! Energy E!!iciency Paper 1 Set B Solutions ?ra!t (nternational Atandard (?(A)0 (A4 9---5 is e#$ected to be $ublished as an (nternational Atandard by early ,-550 (A4 9---5 will establish a !ramework !or industrial $lants commercial !acilities or entire organi@ations to manage energy0 Targeting broad a$$licability across national economic sectors it is estimated that the standard could in!luence u$ to 2-I o! the worldMs energy use0 The document is based on the common elements !ound in all o! (A4Ms management system standards assuring a high le%el o! com$atibility with (A4 <--5 (quality management) and (A4 53--5 (en%ironmental management)0 (A4 9---5 will $ro%ide the !ollowing bene!its: $istin%tion &et@een ener+, %onser<ation an. ener+, e**i%ien%, Energy &onser%ation and Energy E!!iciency are se$arate but related conce$ts0 Energy conser%ation is achie%ed when growth o! energy consum$tion is reduced in $hysical terms0 Energy &onser%ation can there!ore is the result o! se%eral $rocesses or de%elo$ments such as $roducti%ity increase or technological $rogress0 4n the other hand Energy e!!iciency is achie%ed when energy intensity in a s$eci!ic $roduct $rocess or area o! $roduction or consum$tion is reduced without a!!ecting out$ut consum$tion or com!ort le%els0 Promotion o! energy e!!iciency will contribute to energy conser%ation and is there!ore an integral $art o! energy conser%ation $romotional $olicies0 L3C $ra@ PERT Chart *or the *ollo@in+ *or the tas6' .uration an. .epen.en%, +i<en &elo@ Fin. out) i0 %riti%al Path ii0 e5pe%te. proAe%t .uration Tas6 Pre.e%essors Tas6s E$epen.en%ies?
E5pe%te. Ti-e as Cal%ulate. E>ee6s? A 3 2 B 3 / C 3 F $ A 9 E B / F C / E ; 4 F / I $ C H 3 4 ; < _______________________ 8ureau o! Energy E!!iciency Paper 1 Set B Solutions ANS (0 The critical $ath is through acti%ities & > = L ((0 The e#$ected $roBect duration is ,5 weeks (1;9;9;3)
-------- End of Section - III --------- 5- _______________________ 8ureau o! Energy E!!iciency