,078

PRACTICE
OF
ARCIIITECTUEE.
Took III.
ixth or last pavilion is designed
for special
diseases, and the ^var.'^s are thercf-re smaller.
'I'he iloors of the wards are laid with
wainscot as being
non-ibsorbent, and to;igii d with
hoop iron, and prepared for waxing and
polishing; the walls are plastered with Panan
cement with the same object, the
finishing coat of which is tinted to avoid the glare of the
white. The windows are constructed
in three divisions, the lowt-r part being hung to open
in the usual way, and the upper sash drops to the depth of the transom. They are glazed
with plate glass.
297.V-
The general entrance to the hospital is placed in the centre, and the hall forms
the substructure of the chapel. Near to it is the kitchen department. On the first floor
are the resident medical officer's
department,two operating theatres, &e., placed between the
ends of the blocks
nextthe side publicth iroughfare. The administrativedepartment is placed
at the end, adjoining the bridge, in a detached building, and comprises the governors' luiU,
committoo room, counting-house, c'erk and surveyor's offices, the treasurer's residence, and
many other apartments necess;irily required for so large an establishment. The training
institution for nurses adjoins the matro I's residence between the first and second wards, and
affords accommodation for forty probationers, each having a sepirate bedroom.
2975(7. The Warming and Vcntilatiny Arraiigemmis.~Vor the latter, the natur.d system
is depeiideduponasmuchaspossible, but in order to change the airduring cold and boisterous
weather and at night, a main extracting shaft is carried up in tiie well-hole of the stair-
r;ise, and in this is placed the smoke Hue from the boiler, consisting of a MTuuglit iron
tube loin, iu diameter. In the upper pan of this shaft is also placed the hot-water cistern.
Shafts are carried from the ends of uUtlie war Is, both at the ceiling and floor level, and from
tiie centre of the stove hereafter men ioiied, communicating with a horizontal trunk in the
roof, which trunk is connec ed with the heated shaft previously referred to. To replace
the air thus extracted, fresh air is introduced by means of zinc tubes laid between the
"
Dennett arching
"
and the floor boards, commiinicatin!^ with the stoves and hot-watir
coils, the whole admiiting of reguLition by valves. The wards generally are warmed by
three open fireplaces, aided in cold weather by an auxiliary system of hot water. These
stand in the middle of the Avards, with vertical shafts, an inner one of wrought iron 15
in.
diameter, and an outer case of cast iron, the space between forming a ventilating shaft,
which is connected with the main trunk in the roof. The smoke tube is carried tlown to
the basement, from whence it can be swept. The vfntilation of the lavatories and water
closets is entirely independent of the wards, and is carried up the shaft in the river
turret. That of the medical museum and school buildings, placed beyond the
hospital
buildings, is on the same general principle, the ventilating and smoke shaft being con-
tained in the tower at the southern end of the building. There is an hydraulic lift to
each pavilion.
F<>r the numerous other details the student must bo referred to the paper itself, which
contains a plan and perspective view of this admirably designed building.
2975A. The sixth report of the Local Gorcrnment Board contains tlie report made by
Dr Bristowe and Mr. Holmes on the iuspeetiou of all hospitals in Great Britain and
Irelind.
29702. The first circular hospital erected in England was the Miller Memorial Hos-
pital, at Greenwich, designed by Messrs. Keith D. Young and Henry Hall. The Burnli^y
hospital was another, and then the Hustings, St. Leonard's, and East Sussex hospital,
which was opened in September, lt-87 (_illustrated in British Architect, January 28, 1887
;
and Builder,
p. 180). The Antwerp hospital, the hospital at Hampstead, and tie
circular hospitals for the army deserve inspection
;
but this Hastings liospital is tin*
most typicil, and probably the most complete building on the circuhir principle whicli
has yet been erected in this country, or indeed anywhere.
2975/. In the rectangular ward, where the nurse's room is at one end, while at the otlier
is possibly placed the worst
"
case," that is, the patient who is most severely ill, the nurse,
as the day goe.s on, must find the whole length of that ward a great strain upon her
physically. In the circular ward, the nurse can see all the beds except one certainly
except twoin the whole ward from any point in it; and she has to travel the shortest
possible distance to get to any one patient who may need her services at any given time.
It must not be reg.irded as the most perfect system of hospital construction
;
it is one
type of construction suited to special cases, and one which deserves a fair and prolonged
trill.
(Henry
C. Burdott). Professor Marshall and P. Gordon Smith, Circular Sgdein
of
Hospital
Wards, 8vo. 1878.
?975Ar. Village
Hospitals.Each village ought to have the means of accommodating
instantly, or at a few hours' notice, s.iy four cases of infectious disease, in at least two
separate rwom.-, without requiring their removal to a distance. A decent four-room or
si.\-room cottage, at the dispos.il of the authorities, would answer the purpose. When
such provision as this has been made, and cases of dis> ase iu excess of the accommodation