Consonant Sound Pair

Voiceless // & Voiced //

Unstressed Endings
nouns/adjectives
Stress falls on the syllable immediately preceding the suffix.

//

//
-c-
-cial
-cian
-ciate
-cious
social
special
physician
appreciate
delicious
unstressed -su- leisure
measure
pleasure
treasure
-ss-
-ssian
-ssion
-ssu-
-ssure
Russian
profession
tissue
pressure
sia(n)
sion
Asia
Indonesia
television
supervision
-t-
-tia
-tion
-tious
initial
negotiate
education
graduation
situation
cautious
***
"education"
on YouTube


Consonant Sound Pair
Voiceless // & Voiced //
Sound-Spelling Pattern

//

//
sh
shop shell
cash ashes lashes
-
ge
many French words
barrage corsage garage
massage mirage

//

//
su
a few stressed words
sugar sure insurance
zu
a few words
azure seizure
ch
French Words
Chicago Michigan
champagne chandelier
brochure machine parachute

ce
a few words
ocean

Homophones Homophones
Unstressed
Ending //
Unstressed
Ending //
Copyright 1997 - 2014 Eva L Easton - All Rights Reserved



Consonant Sound
Voiceless //

Linking
/t/ + /y/ = //
What are you doing?
Don't you care?
You take credit cards, don't you?
Why don't you try?
Can't you take care of it?
Couldn't you take care of it
Won't you help out?
Wouldn't you like to help out?
Aren't you interested?
Weren't you there?
My brother can get you a job.
My sister got your call.
Let your fingers do the walking.
Set your sights high.
Put your money where your mouth is.
I bet you 50 cents.
Set your watches.
I want you.
What you're doing is wrong.
I'll be at your house right away.
I know that you're busy.

Consonant Sound Pair
Voiceless /s/ & Voiced /z/
Sound-Spelling Pattern
/s/ /z/
s sun son stop z zoo
s
a few common words
is as
does was says
his hers
desert desert
ss grass lesson ss
a few words
scissors dessert

desert, dessert, to desert
on YouTube
zz buzz
-se
nouns, adj., adv.
house n.
excuse n.
close adj. adv.
loose adj.
use n.

verbs
to house
to excuse
to close
to lose
/s/ /z/
to use
a few common words
these those
whose because
c +
e
i
y
(s)ce once
(s)ci scissors
c-ce /ks/ accent
c-ci /ks/ vaccine
cy icy cynic
-ism patriotism baptism
x = /ks/ six box relax
(e)x + VL =
/ks/
expect extra (e)x + VD
= /gz/
example exist
tz, zz = /ts/
a few foreign words
pizza pretzel waltz

Word Final S Word Final Z
Silent S
Homophones Homophones

Consonant Sound
Voiced r = /r/

Practice
Vowel Reduction
unstressed vowel + r = vowel not pronounced.
pr, br fr, vr tr ...
aspirin
temperature
opera
laboratory
deliberate
adjective only
separate
adjective only
comfortable
different
every
beverage
favorable
favorite
documentary
elementary
interested
interesting
honorable
miserable

Reduction
+ 'have'
Pattern
Reductions are common in natural speech.
Written reduced forms in advertisements, songs, personal writing, reflect natural spoken language.
They are not standard written English.
reduced form standard written form
coulda
shoulda
woulda
mighta
musta
could have
should have
would have
might have
must have
Copyright 1997 - 2014 Eva L Easton - All Rights Reserved


Vowel Sound
//
One-Syllable Words
Sound-Spelling Pattern
Basic
Pattern
Written a = //
Special
Words
Different Written
Vowel
Same Vowel Sound

Homophones
Same Pronunciation
Different Spelling
Different Meaning
cap /kp/
hat /ht/
have /hv/
has /hz/
had /hd/
ask /sk/
bass (fish) /bs/
silent l
laugh /lf/
plaid /pld/
ant aunt
band banned
dam damn
Basic
Pattern
Written a = //
Special
Words
Different Written
Vowel
Same Vowel Sound

Homophones
Same Pronunciation
Different Spelling
Different Meaning
calf /kf/
half /hf/
salve /sv/
silent g
gnat /nt/
silent b
lamb /lm/
silent d
ma'am /mm/
can-can't
/kn-knt/


Make - Do
Practice
no audio
make do
= to create
something that didn't exist
comes into being
= to
perform
make breakfast, lunch, dinner, dessert
make a telephone call
make a fuss, a scene
make a mess
make noise, a sound
make an appointment
make an asssumption
What do
you do? I'm
a teacher.
Do your
work. Do
your job.
That's a job
make do
make an attempt
make changes
make a choice
make a comparison
make a complaint
make a decision
make a demand
make a difference
make an effort
make an exception
make an excuse
make friends
make fun of someone
make a judgment
make a law
make a mistake
make an offer
make plans
make progress
make a promise
make a request
make a speech
make a suggestion
make time
make a will
make love
make peace
make war
make ends meet
make a contribution
make money
make a profit
make payments
make the best of it, make the most of it
well-done.
We do
business
with that
company.
do
homework
do an
exercise
do
housework
do the
dishes
do laundry
do the
cooking
do the
shopping
do your
makeup
do your
hair
do
exercises
do me a
favor
do your
duty
do me the
honor (of)
do your
part
do your
share
do an
experiment
do a mile
in four
minutes
That does
the trick.
do a crime
make do
do damage
do drugs
do evil
do harm
do 10 years
do right, do
wrong
do good, do
bad
do your
best
= to force; to cause = auxiliary
verb
I like to make Mama happy.
Make the student do his work.
Make her promise to help.
Make them sit down.
That makes sense.
He made it clear, plain.
He made it known.
That makes my day.
We made good on our promise.
Practice makes perfect.
Do you
have any
children?
Yes, I do.
No, I don't.
Did you do
the
shopping?
Yes, I did.
No, I didn't.
They did
the
shopping,
didn't they?
two meanings = to
manage
A carpenter makes (creates) a bed out of wood.
We make our bed every morning when we arrange the
Will this
book do? =
make do
covers. Can you
manage
with this
book?
It will have
to do.= I
have no
better
alternative.
= to reach
to make it in time
We made it to New York in just under four hours.
He made colonel.
She made the team.
She will make a fine doctor.
Two and two makes four.
We will make do with what we have. = We will reach
our goal even if we don't have everything we would like
to have.

etc.
I'm going to fix lunch. = I'm going to make a sandwich
for lunch.
Let's do
lunch. =
Let's have
lunch
together.
Copyright 1997 - 2014 Eva L Easton - All Rights Reserved