Acceptance Quality Limit (AQL)

The acceptance sampling standard MIL-STD-105D employes a

sampling plan whose OC- curves all have approximately 95%
probability of acceptance at the designated AQL. The plans of MIL-
STD-105D therefore are known as AQL plans are designed to
accept on the average most of the lots containing a percentage of
non-conforming units equal to or less than designated AQL.

Quality control is usually concerned with Acceptance sampling,
which is defined in ISO3534-2 as Sampling in which decisions are
made to accept or not to accept a lot or other grouping of product,
materials or services based on sample results.
Sampling will always incur certain risks because an entire lot of
material is not being accepted.
1. Producers Risk (): it is stated in terms of probability that a lot
whose quality is at a certain specified level is not accepted by
sampling procedure. The acceptable level is called producers risk
quality (PRQ).
2. Consumers Risk (): probability that a lot whose quality worse
than a certain specific unacceptable is accepted by sampling
procedure. The unacceptable level is called consumers risk quality
(CRQ)
Dodge and Roming designated the point an OC-curve
corresponding to a 10% probability as Lot tolerance percentage
defective (LTPD) is associated with consumer risk.

Three sample plans shown in the OC-curve for LTPD of 2.2% non-
conformance.
AQL or 95% point on these three plans can expect that lots
containing 2.2% non-conforming units will be accepted 10% of the
time or less.Plans for re-inspection reworked on sorted lots.

Average outgoing quality- AOQL
Continuos sampling plans CSP

These can be choosen to give equal or uniform producer risk or
consumer risk,therefore continuos flow production.
Product quality auditing
The usual method of evaluating the effectiveness of inspection and quality control is to
perform the auditing by randomly sampling ,re-inspecting goods that have been
released from shipping.
- re -inspection is done using AOQL plan
- reliability on inspection process is determined.

Quality system Auditing

- contributes the major portion of the function.
- may be part of sales contract.
- usually concentrates on conformances to established systems & producers.
- employees independent evaluation of a sample of the operating producers and
records of each dependent i.e. responsible for any phase of the design, manufacture
or quality control of companys products.
- for management control over internal operation.