Professional Documents
Culture Documents
30/10/2013
Technical Manual
Introduction
General
Definitions
Instrumentation
Plant Safety
Metallurgial Processes
Metallurgical
Sulphur Burning
Acid Regeneration
Lead Chamber
Technology
Gas Cleaning
Contact
Strong Acid
Acid Storage
Loading/Unloading
Transportation
Sulphur Systems
Liquid SO2
Boiler Feed Water
Steam Systems
Cooling Water
Effluent Treatment
Utilities
Construction
Maintenance
Inspection
Analytical Procedures
Materials of Construction
Corrosion
Properties
Vendor Data
Sulphuric Acid
Decolourization
Order Form
Preface
Table of Contents
Process Engineering
Data Sheets - PEDS
Order Form
Technical Manual
Introduction
Solid Sulphur
Forms of Sulphur
Transfer of Sulphur
Bulk Storage
Liquid Sulphur
Storage Pits
Sizing
Ancillaries
Sulphur Tanks
Sizing
Insulation
Ancillaries
Sulphur Heaters
Associated Links
Sulphur Properties
Sulphur Safety
Sulphur Melting
Sulphur Filtration
Sulphur Pumps
Sulphur Piping
Sulphur Furnace
Procedures
Introduction
Large quantities of sulphur are produced, formed, stored, transported, handled, melted and
comsumed annually. The sulphur will be stored either in the solid or liquid form at some
point in the process. Proper storage methods are required to ensure the sulphur is not
contaminated, that it doesn't damage equipment (i.e. corrosion, fires, etc.) and it doesn't
harm the environment.
Solid Sulphur
The majority of sulphur that is transported around the world is done as a bulk solid. The
sulphur is often stored in the open in huge stockpiles at terminals ready to be loaded onto
ships, railcars or truck or at plant sites to be melted and used in the production of sulphuric
acid. Most sulphur stockpiles are located outdoors in open where it is exposed to wind,
rain, dust, salt air, etc. In some cases sulphur is stored indoors where some protection from
the elements is available.
Sulphur, being a brittle material, is easily degraded during handling. Losses will occur
during the loading/unloading, transportation, and storage of sulphur due to the creation of
airborne dust. Losses can be as high as 0.5% in some cases. Factors affecting how much
is lost are:
Form of sulphur being handled
Ambient conditions (i.e. wind speed and direction)
Handling methods
Shipping methods
Forms of Sulphur
Solid sulphur is produce in many forms which vary in their friability and
mechanical strength. The process used to produce bulk sulphur will affect the
amount of dust it contains and the subsequent formation of dust through
handling of the material.
Bulk sulphur produced from sulphur that has been crushed from larger pieces
will be irregular in shape and posses many sharp edges and points which will
be easily broken producing smaller particles and dust.
Slate sulphur is formed by pouring molten sulphur on a moving belt where it is
solidified into a continuous slab with a thickness of 3 to 5 mm. The sulphur
begins to break into smaller pieces when it is separated from the belt and
when sulphur is discharged from the belt at the head pulley. This process
produces irregular shaped pieces with sharp edges. Fines (less than 50 Tyler
Mesh) amount to about 3.5% by weight. Additional fines are produced through
further handling of the product.
Granulated sulphur is produced by spray coating sulphur particles to increase
their size to produce dense spherical solid granules. Small seed particles of
sulphur are introduced at the feed end of a rotating drum. The particles are
spray coated with molten sulphur as the particles move down the drum
towards the discharge. Each layer of molten sulphur that is applied is cooled
to solidification before the next coat is applied. Through repeated application
http://www.sulphuric-acid.com/techmanual/sulphur/storage.htm
1/5
Sulphur Storage
Order Form
Table of Contents
Introduction
Bibliography of
Sulphuric Acid
Technology
Order Form
Preface
Contents
30/10/2013
http://www.sulphuric-acid.com/techmanual/sulphur/storage.htm
2/5
Sulphur Storage
30/10/2013
http://www.sulphuric-acid.com/techmanual/sulphur/storage.htm
3/5
Sulphur Storage
30/10/2013
4/5
Sulphur Storage
30/10/2013
Model TF-18
Heating Surface
Headers
Tube
Fins
Weight
Displacement
Pressure Rating
Corrosion Allowance
265 ft
1" IPS Sch 80 Seamless Pipe
1" OD 10 Gauge
0.035" Steel, 1" high, 20 per tube
385 lb dry
407 lb full of water
395 lb shipping
1 ft
600 psi @ 650F
1/16"
http://www.sulphuric-acid.com/techmanual/sulphur/storage.htm
5/5