Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Real Analysis - Lecture 23

    Uploaded by

    Vinay Kumar Jain
    16 views15 pages
    Limit superior and limit inferior of sequences (contd.)

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    Limit superior and limit inferior of sequences (contd.)

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    16 views15 pages

    Real Analysis - Lecture 23

    Uploaded by

    Vinay Kumar Jain
    Limit superior and limit inferior of sequences (contd.)

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 15
    Leckine 25 ay » Useng- the Lask result abork Ltn we oltas, omothe chonvaciniyeton of Ce tp wilh He Pebp 4 te nest stheonten: Hy Ee (a: HR ELL an 1a pubsequence [rng Oh [An} auch thet Any ngrrnetor} (3.0 enc of alt bees dt one omen ee - Urn > (23.2) anke ~ (23-3) any E = Uuen- ead log e127 Remavk . As Tig ta Lak: tab sho Bex, ort Leen, Tern €& (Ce au ee), we com ry bag 28) en pall an a 34)" a. : and Ze : weler TOs eae Tharp ond bots Simalonly as, fe nes uth aed) Lay eb He ec lee by aa) Beak Gi tes ma tlesk Ty al. cedbaeqnertink Danibs, cbtosier borLer}- | Before. consid: brow of Ha Hreoree are moe the rtoubhs , romeby (23-4) Plan fg TE SE cyiok ouggestie), te olbouw “Thx, and Ue en Aow corbarn sequences. Example 4 For the aequente {zn} = {12 B 4 L2E4 tA 84, 3, Al ab pf ll anbscaprentich 8 © 2442,3,4}, 38) no extnp abacguence [Eng] + of ten}, deith dn charactemehe any * ag tae - Oe the ie 4, 0 be dew tnd, resreben aly Himes a as bs eo, fori, member of Hones TREN ae! \ cii)ou ath nS, on digits 3, 06 hb tim perfil. number th Limes nd. Othe. gett, Od ily tems, gomile rem? of times , ew arheck case iii) on ail2 Rave gs hs kam, enferite, number ¢ ote rede tee, a ee ee numb of homes, im thick case. Guyoe write Love the otBY an abe Hine, arbi mumbo wh tims and othe. fi 3 as ts tems, frile numbe of Limes, tine we Piehe eae Cushy? tong ack arboegnence {mg} can rok Pave ab east Am digs (44.142) eer et agile 2,34, as ce Leums, anferde number Les (cbewine thie wilt tbe a avhoe t*me} = {! 14 4g acth Xonp? 1arta~, st 3 whneaposil fy ye 2255) faith ee be? ao rn , aa plea Ack, shee "adel Bhe feist 3% 2k), oe gi ach made be elves ody ao 4 Limes) Chose» flere 4 Ml subegy onal anil ableawived frame fahA ee tn, CL4¢ (232-4), a) pmallesh of Dl anbae quemtial berms, bbbavivedd fom {anf I Bern , Chy (2259), Bex, 24, Ub Ane! Example 2. For the sequence {z4 = {% 23/2 07/3 > 3+ 3g) Warf {Yo » 73 23g f 1Yny Mg Mar d Ga wdidh obvi converges to1, ond He anbocgpince Lainedt sry. comsislenins add Lh. ever tims of {[%n} + [5p eo tar of te (23.8) ashcch, obviously comenges 2. Thevefow xa2 {Xng arth comaist of Orly evew numbrned Lerma ‘ Lams A {rng, as He Giijow wll hove te TE Ee naan bored: , le Himes, fre Ey we i toerme, : coon ns ike toms, ole Ring tw bows ariemay ee eee +4), aD 4petnce (23-7) Arye A ko , which conbiadicts the fact - Ange Os kK), Ve enfente, es op tase Be oe Co [ {tng beeing. a thr & the oegrence {Xn} TResfoe omer dubsegquence {%nr4} arth ether ee, ruembocd brome of 14n3 as uk toms, Ond tr “deems ot fxnts% le ane fevike number ‘bimea -) TRarelpae dey (23-9) Lovegeale of alll anboequential Diwcks obboured, from fen] 7 i Bry , (hy 2349), emabledt 4 abl snboequertial Limils obbuined ftom bef! Leary , C hy C23.5)) | Bin, -2, toes Eanmble 3. Fon the ce meh a {ter Aestp taser} Pa: bet oi deving all Ha odh rurmbered- berms Adem % 4 Ma» fs, War 4 {ite tey Me tM - he {% J4lg, a>-- - } i ee {ths ae : : , ; bt, thewly byrne that Fg Th ge ot stg each subsequence , 4 the aeqpence {én} bot. Therefore . the see, 0 UE cubsegutnbiak bimcls obtained for sequence {xn fff, Omol Aceon bocguale of ahh aubseguertiah Limits btoriet from fen} st « tex, , hy (23.49), Amalbesk of All aubsepuential Limb, Geir2dk tran fn =! af tb tr, CAy (23 9), we, DEA, 21, Lean at Example +. Fon ang ceqnence [trp oma cla vwhseguence Pugh 2 Xn § ER, - Xu ny 2 Be 32 (How ? well, Lb &, be te cot of alt rubseguerbial Limits Mloried Gro Lhe sequence fing? On meerg Phe agrtol E of TReore Couggestid. before Bhe cbecusstions of thise onamples) Rave we &, ce, Cre eve arbeeguence. of [rng pile abrionul, Le a subseguence ot fxn}, tewh mfp g that at Limite oltban fiom Ue sepeone {nf wiht alee be d cuboeguectial Linck obtain (23.19) 323) Apc hn ¢.2. each ebomenrt of E, will alec be an element 4-£.) TRerefiore by (23.0) +e have Aupe; s Aupe, 4.8 Th ry xn, Ly vanrg (25-2) fox (Ang? 1%m3, flee dicensoior. of Cotain taamples there 190 tsect Prev of Theorem . Fon the prool of the theorem we Comséder the follorying tire possclebibies (i Fiatly, re asume thak sequence {2n}+ boumded. Therefore fon erbars fred mumbo a ancl A we Rave BS hm EA 5M ashich impbies tak thew can. nok exiak a erboogperce Langh ob Lemp. orth xX, % Roo Ona 2 dubacguence Lr mg? etree Ly, — > -05 42 K->~. Consequently eo an ob «will rok Lelong ts s0bF- Fudther toy) the Lask Amb abort Tan ant LE *n » oe Con aay trab bobh Ten, and Lex, belong to& oy Ith Tex ont than, rl? be Tfccn foe ae bm ches oon Lot Bern amd Leer ah be fede etn = file (= 4, 0g ), Leen = nde (= L, aay). Now @s neé€, Tone Here exish 2 ouboeguince fang}, ob [rf ok ee (23.19 ™ sp ne ate Tern = L Cs fork), (dincnrsed adie), set Can. any thak tpn every Jem boadive €, 3.9 posilive srhigen Nr =a tr Lt e, 24 Lot K be the bosilve snlage auch thet Thee teas 2 Z iy] io Ow “nereds, ne catkive trlegns ne TS cies swence : er+e, RAK (23, 12) os and da. a “ k-5 2, ae gee ay any (23.41) wm Ss Lt+b, —.. da free fou overge posites ©. Ser & bh e398 2 Hherefore ger (23.13) x sb A the wotlk gee 2 1 (bonis), Nigel ete wt Can Mag Hak jon every § hosikive &, OE pane “enege hy pouch that tn bt , wre Cand Lek K! be the posiline snkege auch tat Wet ZNo As fnig] Hon treeaseg cequente of posiline ale gers, ace therefore Powe, Ay (22-14) co Sng >? BE, kk hj, are get dy Uerrg (22.1) hceh tose on ie z Bue Ape every posilive 2. New 0 arb, aahcele, dry (23:13, Bolhs ro te write hexesl (23.15) Has every clement x AE Cte aboeqy bial a obtamned Ton Pont) alopes 2.19: Ak Lee, Lee 4t dove dy (23 15) 2 Aube ol © De mn, Bp cee fo ge Dba thewly froveng- Theonsrm for the poss ibcDy omae~ consideraher Ci) New +e asaime PLA 224 {tn} H > tiso cases Th gets Rae one aie ii, {ang % 7° Gy. Lange 7 le now Consedoer tire cases, Oe (by 62! 16) and (21 1#)) (23.16) about TExn and Leen that Ub%n (e.2. 2, (hy (25:12) GB ase Con dg BE, Phereby ampaping Hae bebe a, (- Ber), (hy (23122). (23.1) _ Oe eeu Dhas case? Accora fa ae LE re) ( Poe velve ot 45 Han.) (23.19) , consider Ate inke alien Ow We ® Coppa ub as 40 then te bhe Look ye de Wha, ant a oe ey Hak Derr, (te. _ op belongs ele, Hereby amblyrg- bhak anh. E = 0, © Le tn), See the value -29, b\. (23.19) Mery worden Consedareliom On© Lt tn OO fenite ( 2,008). af ue 207 tm 7 & & nzele, (fy 22), aabich, amples xe BOE cestorw fired, ve _exiohe A der boegyreree {rma be no in mob a dusegperdial Linck obtownet este Tent ill : (23.26) CeSeeSSSSSCORSOESRSSSSSSSSSSSSSOS Emthe 2eb nee. Thun Ay (23-20) ‘ef sand aceonoling ly, % tame Be atthe © an abich Gre xr olrviowely on a tan, be a fence enter ce arbick tase ee raze, pak Moy cafeabing the. orgurepils feck (i). Thus rete be x tw Ee absays dove , ape. ahich try «-2 (2 xn) (23.21) ee OED Cre 2 the vale Brn JLo ay Combining (23. 1D, (2519) ancl (25.21) behomge HOt pelea be velue of fEAm, WS Com eof of Theron » do. Le (23.22) OE cs al cara eae nef lace Ip om Cen2ny PEO = Welt ansicer is Leinitily no, Buk msfiad ore hove Gone Bont Bye, a (23.24 Le etn) % Learnt Lite? hoe ence ten la ews, of (23-23) |, LE Xr = + "(2 ok defined - LE Grete Dee ee ee of- (23.24) Mes te Lope 2 — es note tef-enect : - FY oo bee, 2-0» & a, (One 2 vob haby prove : C25.2 We «bh prove (22-23). en 23.24), Fou every) Paces =p ene be try, = ok He o> kor mis Oh Oe kyr (23.25) oe ed. (Ae t%)- kyr Therehore vk 2, VkR~> < anh, (Ant te) inn tm by noe te Om SO Cy (23-259), (23.26) Further £6 no, are Awe , Sop Adbgnitinm ©, Beant fn) pop ne BE em, np LE Gr 9 NF Onde eee tas roma eae (2.22), ds fee KAdilienal sega nent (23. aya po 24), re involing tthe $ ont ~ (23.2p) Ue ae chant H4nr, _ Le D> Teint) » bmt Ete 2 me im te . whe her RAS (23-27) rh en a oa od (Cape) ae nat debine a ar 2-7 0, CEP = we will prove (22-27). (Ore can oomillonby. prove (28 - Proof of (29.27). We Comsice. various feeatslites ux Tak Cp, On reve (28.270, mle faith aetnne that Le of £64 te Thee by the fon oven. Hem Li be. ave Con 4 : va Sposstine we My onck (23.31) €(>2?, definitely exists a posilne wvtege. @30) my, et (23.32) auch. that fay < fre. (23.33) Farther Ung (23st) amet (23 32) we fave An,

    You might also like