Li ni ph ha

1. Ph ha cu khng nh
Khi mun ni mt ngi hoc vt no lm mt vic g v mt ngi,
vt khc cng lm mt vic nh vy, ngi ta dng so hoc too. trnh
phi lp li cc t ca cu trc (mnh chnh), ngi ta dng lin t and
v thm mt cu n gin (mnh ph) c s dng so hoc too. ngha
ca hai t ny c ngha l cng th.
John went to the mountains on his vacation, and we did too.
John went to the mountains on his vacation, and so did we.
I will be in Vietnam in May, and they will too.
I will be in Vietnam in May, and so will they.
He has seen her play, and the girls have too.
He has seen her play, and so have the girls.
We are going to the movie tonight, and he is too.
We are going to the movie tonight, and so is he.
She will wear a custom to the party, and we will too.
She will wear a custom to the party, and so will we.
Picaso was a famous painter, and Rubens was too.
Picaso was a famous painter, and so was Rubens.
Tu theo t no c dng m cu trc cu c s thay i:
Khi trong mnh chnh c ng t be bt c thi no th trong mnh
ph cng dng t be thi .
Affirmative statement (be) + and + S + verb + too
Affirmative statement (be) + and + so + verb + S
I am happy, and you are too.
I am happy, and so are you.
Khi trong mnh chnh c mt cm tr ng t + ng t], v d will go,
should do, has done, have written, must consider, ... th cc tr ng
t trong mnh c dng li trong mnh ph.
They will work in the lab tomorrow, and you will too.
They will work in the lab tomorrow, and so will you.
Khi trong mnh chnh khng phi l ng t be, cng khng c tr ng
t, bn phi dng cc t do, does, did lm tr ng t thay th. Thi v th
ca tr ng t ny phi chia theo ch ng ca mnh ph.
Affirmative statement + and + S + do/does/did + too
Affirmative statement + and + so + do/does/did + S
Jane goes to that school, and my sister does too.
Jane goes to that school, and so does my sister.
2. Ph ho cu ph nh

 Cng ging nh too v so trong cu khng nh, ph ho mt cu ph

nh, ngi ta dng 'either' (cng) hoc 'neither' (cng khng). Ba quy tc i
vitr ng t, ng t be hoc do, does, did cng c p dng ging nh
trn. Ta cng c th gi gn 3 quy tc vo mt cng thc nh sau:
Negative statement + and + S + negative auxiliary (or be) + either
Negative statement + and + neither + positive auxiliary (or be) + S
I didn't see Mary this morning, and John didn't either
I didn't see Mary this morning, and neither did John.
She wont be going to the conference, and her friends wont
either.
She wont be going to the conference, and neither will her friends.
John hasnt seen the new movie yet, and I havent either.
John hasnt seen the new movie yet, and neither have I.

Ph ha vi nhng cu di y:
V d: Nam likes fish. (I) > Nam likes fish, so do I.
1. He came early, (she) ->
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2. She knows you quite well, (her husband) ->
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3. My friend lived in Hai Phong, (his sister) ->
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4. These books dont belong to me, (those) ->
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5. I dont believe it, (my friend) ->
________________________________________________
6. I dont like the hot weather, (my wife) ->
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7. Trees dont grow very well here, (grass) ->
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