DEPARTMENT OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING.

Title of the project:

STUDIES

ON

THE

PERFORMANCE

AND

EMISSION

CHARACTERISTICS OF A FOUR STROKE GASOLINE ENGINE

USING GREEN LUBRICANTS.
Names of the student
1. Abhishek Kemminje (4MC10AU002)
2. Prasanna Acharya (4MC10AU023)
3. Shyama Chinmaya S (4MC10U032)
Name of the Guide: Dr. Y. M. Shashidhara

Objectives:

To understand the feasibility of utilizing modified vegetable oils as lubricants.

To study the performance and emission characteristics of the engine under the modified
vegetable oils as lubricants.

Methodology:
A vertical single cylinder air-cooled four stroke S.I. engine developing 4.8 kW at
7000 rpm is used to carry out experiments. Two vegetable oils such as Pongama and
Sunflower are chosen for the modification to use them as bio lubricants for engine operation.
The structure of the Sunflower oil is modified using hydrogenation process and referred as
Hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) and the Pongama oil chemical structure is altered using
Epoxidation method, called Epoxidised Pongama Oil (EPPO)

Experiments are carried out to study the performance and emission characteristics of the
engine for various loads under different lubrication conditions such as pure hydrogenated
vegetable oil, Epoxidised Pongama oil and blends of 25 % HVO and 75 % Mineral Oil (MO)
by volume, 50 % HVO and 50 % MO , 75 % HVO and 25 % MO. The performance

MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN.

DEPARTMENT OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING.

parameters such as fuel consumption, power and thermal efficiencies are determined for the
engine. Further, the emission characteristics like Carbon Monoxide and un-burnt

hydrocarbons are measured using gas analyzers for the above tested mode of operation. The
obtained results are compared with the results of engine operated under mineral/ petroleum
based oil.

Conclusion:
The results reveal that, about 15 % drop in fuel consumption is noticed under epoxidised
pongama oil lubrication mode compared to mineral oil mode of operation. However, similar
fuel performance is seen under both hydrogenated oil and mineral oil. Engine exhibits about
30 % higher thermal efficiency under epoxidised pongama oil version of lubrication
compared to petroleum based lube oil.
Engine operated under 75 % HVO and 25 % MO emits about 25 % lower carbon monoxide
compared to pure mineral mode of lubrication. However, other blends show little higher CO
values. Further, the low hydrocarbon emission is seen under petroleum oil lubrication mode
of operation. The study reveals that, the modified versions of vegetable oils are potential
replacements for conventional lubricants.

MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN.