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AIM: - To calibrate to given notch and to determine its co-efficient of discharge Cd of 600 or 900
notches.
AIM: - To determine the force exerted by the jet of water striking a fixed flat plate at right angle
to it.
AIM: To determine the co-efficient of discharge of the given venturimeter.
Instruments need
1. Venturi Apparatus
2. Collecting tank
3. U- Tube and stop watch
Based on this law the force exterted by the jet of water moving with velocity V striking
fixed plate at right angle to it can be determined as
Observation
1. Dia of nozzle d 8 mm = 0.8cm
Area of collecting tank A = LxB 45x
Instruments:
1. Notch Apparatus
2. Piezometer or point Gauge
3. Stop watch & Scale
FLOW THROUGH VENTURIMETER
AIM: To determine the co-efficient of discharge of the given venturimeter.
Instruments need
4. Venturi Apparatus
5. Collecting tank
6. U- Tube and stop watch
Theory: The discharge through Venturimeter is given by
a 1a 2
Q Cd
2g H
2
2
a1 a 2
Here:
Q = Discharge
Cd = Co-efficient of Discharge
g = Acceleration due to gravity
a1 = Inlet area of venturimeter
a2 = Area of throat
a 1a 2
Q Cd
a1 a 2
2g H
Cd
a 1a 2
2
a1 a 2
2 gH
Then K
Theory:- The discharge through V-notch is given by.
Q
Putting K
K
Discharge Q = KH5/2
or
Q
H5/ 2
H1
H2
H
d
t
A
Qact
Then
Ad
cm 3 sec
t
Q = KH 5/2
Q
H5/ 2
we have
k= 8/15Cd 2g tan /2
Cd
15 K
8 2 g tan / 2
Cd
15 K
8 2g
So
we have Q= 8/15 Cd 2g tan /2 H5/2
15 Q
Cd
8 2 g tan / 2 H 5 / 2
To get discharge equation for a given notch Q = K.Hn
By taking logarithm on both side
Log K Log K
Log Q
Log H
-----------doubt
Putting group of log Q vs log H
From equation if H=0 (means no flow takes place just at a level)
Then log Q =log K
Q = K.Hn
log Q = log K+ log Hn
n
Log Q Log K
Log H
If By
Graph
H=o
log Q = log K
K = Antilog of log K
Example = if K = 9.78
n = 2.53
Then
Q = 9.78H2.53
This is notch equation for given notch
Q 8/15 Cd 2g tananH 5/2
K 8/15 Cd 2g tan /2 H 5/2
Cd
15 K
8 2 g tan / 2
Q = KH5/2
Q
K 5/ 2
H
1. Loss of head due to sudden enlargement
The loss of energy that occurs when a pipe of certain diameter suddenly expands t large
diameter loss of energy due to sudden enlargement given by
he
V1 V2 2
2g
V1 = Volume in small pipe
V2 = Volume in large pipe
hc KC
V1
2g
0.5
V1
2g
A = 63x44
= 2772 cm2
D = 2.5 cm
d = 2 cm
a1 =
a2 =
Here
4 flV 2
2 gD
hf
hf
L
V
D
A
Where Q = AV
V
We have