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Fault Localization
The most common method used by the UGM for pre-location of fault is the ICE-Method
(Impulse Current Equipment), also known as the transient method. This method is ideal
particularly for fault location in long ground cables and wet splices. This method involves two
central components; a Surge Generator and a Reflectometer (TDR) also known as Teleflex.
Step 1: Pre-location of Fault using Transient Method:
In this method a Surge Generator is connected at the Main Cable (usually from Grid Side). The
Surge generates a DC voltage of 16 KV. The surge wave generator ignites an arc at the fault.
This results in a transient, i.e. a spreading and repeatedly reflected travelling wave between the
fault and the surge wave generator.
A Digital Time Domain Reflectometer known as Teleflex is then used to record the transient
wave generated by the Surge generator. The Teleflex displays this transient wave which indicates
the distance to the fault. The length of one full oscillation wave corresponds to the direct distance
to the fault.
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