ICDS12

International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation

LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

12

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Compatible mortar for masonry restorations:

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discrete optimization for equivalent strength & colour prescription

Ir Laurent LEOSKOOL

Laurent VanParys, Michel Renglet and Sophie Rouge

University of Mons, Faculty of Engineering (BE)

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Department of Civil Engineering and Structural Mechanics

laurent.leoskool@umons.ac.be

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Summary

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Introduction & context of research

Compatibility & durability
Establishment of mortars ID-card
Mortar formulation

Introduction to NSGA II
Implementation inside MATLAB environment
Application

Conclusion

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

12

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Ursulinesdeadend,
Lige(BE)

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Oldindustrialminingcomplexof
GrandHornu(BE)

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EsquelmesChapel(BE)
BoussuCastle(BE)

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

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Compatibility & durability : One mortar, four characteristics

Potential pathologies of mortars associated with bad compatibility :

Strength

rigidity

Permeability

Aesthetics

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

EstablishmentofmortarsIDcard

Colour

Permeability

DS

Strength

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LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

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Rigidity

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Mortarformulation:IntroductiontoNSGAII

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Elitist Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm : philosophy

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

12

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Mortarformulation:IntroductiontoNSGAII
Selection of best parents
Generation i

Survival of the fittest

Generation i+1

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2 Crossover and mutation

DS

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

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Mortarformulation:IntroductiontoNSGAII

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

12

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

ImplementationinsideMATLABenvironment
Output

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DS

Chromosome of mortar

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

ImplementationinsideMATLABenvironment

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Strength prediction for one mortar chromosome

DE LARRARD F., TONDAT P., Sur la contribution de la topologie du squelette granulaire la

rsistance en compression du bton, Materials and Structures, RILEM, Vol. 26 (1993), pp. 505-516.
DE LARRARD F., SEDRAN T., ANGOT D., Prvision de la compacit des mlanges granulaires par
le modle de suspension solide. I : Fondements thoriques et calibration du modle, Bulletin de
Liaison des Laboratoires des Ponts et Chausses, N 194, (1994), pp. 59-70.
DE LARRARD F., SEDRAN T., ANGOT D., Prvision de la compacit des mlanges granulaires par
le modle de suspension solide. II : Validations et Cas des mlanges confins, Bulletin de Liaison
des Laboratoires des Ponts et Chausses, N 194, (1994), pp. 71-86.

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

12

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

DS

ImplementationinsideMATLABenvironment

compressive strength (prediction | measure) for various mortars

Prediction

Type of
sand

Volume of
sand

Strength

[-]
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

[-]
4,2
5,18
6,21
8,40
2,80
3,50
4,12
5,59

[MPa]
8,8
5,5
3,7
1,8
11,5
7,2
4,7
2,4

Strength

Mean value

Stand. Deviation

[MPa]
8,84
5,65
4,28
1,95
11,69
6,93
4,82
2,85

[MPa]
0,46
0,38
0,27
0,26
0,45
0,35
0,24
0,11

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Rhine
Rhine
Rhine
Rhine
Green
Green
Green
Green

Volume of
cement

Lab measurement

Strength

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

ImplementationinsideMATLABenvironment

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Colour prediction for one mortar chromosome

LEOSKOOL L., Caractrisation colorimtrique des mlanges binaires et ternaires : outils de

mesures et de representation en vue dune application aux mortiers de restauration, Master thesis
under the direction of Pr. Van Parys L. and Pr. Renglet M., Department of civil engineering and
structural mechanics, UMONS, Belgium (2011).
TROUVE A., La mesure de la couleur : principes, technique et produits du march, AFNORCETIM, France (1991)
KOWALISKI P., Vision et mesure de la couleur, 2nd updated edition, Masson, Paris, France (1990)

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

12

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Application

Illustration of the validity of the global method proposed

Establishing the recipe for a mortar that should exhibit :
Rc : 8.29 MPa
Coordinates CIE xyY : [0,344; 0,362; 0,540]

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Three types of sands recorded in the library of the algorithm as well as one
white cement are available.

Optimal formulation proposed by the algorithm :

x
White cement

0,325

0,351

0,860

Formula

[% Volume ]
13,93

0,358

0,374

0,318

17,53

0,427

0,423

0,249

26,75

Green sand

0,341

0,376

0,246

0,00

Water

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

38,94

(Air)

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

(2,85)

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Rhine sand
Yellow sand

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Conclusion

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The convenient formulation of mortar appears as a key for durability in

rehabilitation interventions.
This presentation has discussed the recourse to an elitist genetic algorithm for
such a purpose.
At this time, the approach is based on mixing laws integrating both the strength
and the colour aspects.
Concerning these laws, the recognized theoretical considerations have been
experimentally validated on mortars before being used.

The practical implementation of them in conjunction with the NSGA-II algorithm

has been proposed and has already shown some evidence of validity.
Finally, in order to improve the results, a wider-scale
benchmarking campaign is in progress.

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

12

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

DS

Thankyouforyourattention

Ir Laurent LEOSKOOL

Laurent VanParys, Michel Renglet and Sophie Rouge

University of Mons, Faculty of Engineering (BE)

LNE
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IC

laurent.leoskool@umons.ac.be