Nozzle Movement Calculation

MODULE - 3

Contents

Objective

Various Equipments

Distillation Columns
Information required to calculate nozzle growth
Manual calculation for skirt growth

Exchangers

Stacked Heat Exchangers

Centrifugal Pumps

Compressors

Contents

Reboilers

Storage Tanks

Air-coolers

Objective

Objective of this presentation is to understand basis of

nozzle movement calculation .

Basis of nozzle movement

Generally all the displacements are calculated at shellnozzle junction for all equipments unless otherwise
specified in project specification.

Temperatures for calculating nozzle growth are as per the

respective line temperatures taken from line-list.

Columns

Following informations are required for nozzle movement

calculation for columns.

skirt height, skirt thickness,type of material and type of

insulation.

Shell diameter, nozzle projection(In case displacement is to be

calculated at face of nozzle flange).

Temperature profile (To be given by process engineer).Incase

profile is not given it may be constructed using line-list
temperatures
Based on temperature of outlet nozzles of tower (as per Fluor
standard)
Based on temperature of all the nozzles which can affect
temperature profile of vessel.

Column
- Inlet lines having size greater than 3 only
need to be considered.
- Foundation Settlement
Spread Sheet For Column

Columns
Skirt growth calculation
Determine

the value of :
kh
t

Using

chart no.1 get the value of F

Calculate

T using:

T T - Ta
T ' F ( T)
T ' T ' Ta

T=

T=

Temp. at top of the skirt

Average temp. of the skirt

Ta=

Ambient temperature ( 70 Deg F )

Columns
t=

thickness of skirt in inches

h=height

of skirt in inches

k=1.0

for skirt fully insulated

k=1.7

for skirt firebrick insulated

k=2.7

for skirt not insulated

F=Temperature

correction factor

Using the calculated average temperature

determine the growth of the skirt.

Columns
Using

the calculated average temperature of zones

determine the growth of the nozzles located in
respective zones.

For

intermediate points between known

temperatures , use a straight line interpolation to
calculate temperature.

Exchanger
Exchanger

dimensions, materials,anchor and

nozzle locations are taken from vendor drawings.

Average

temperatures of shell and channel

sections are calculated from inlet and outlet
temperatures.

Horizontal

movements:

for the nozzle located in shell region, average

temperature of shell is taken and for nozzles located
in channel section, shell average temperature is
taken till shell-channel junction, and after that
channel average temperature is taken.

Exchanger
Vertical movement
is calculated using the average temperature of the
region where nozzle is located.
The growth of saddle is ignored in the calculation of
nozzle movement.
Since

the nozzle loads and moments are

calculated at the nozzle-shell junction the nozzle
movements are also calculated at the same point.

Spread sheet for exchanger

Stacked Heat Exchanger

First

of all average temperature for shell side and

channel side is calculated for both the heat
exchangers.
Stacked

HE

For

lower heat exchanger movements are

calculated exactly in the same manner as in case
of single heat exchanger.

For

upper heat exchanger guidelines differ from

project to project.

Spread sheet for stacked heat exchanger(UE-1)

IOL-PRISM-project

Stacked Heat Exchanger

For

calculating Vertical movement:

As per UE-1
Vertical movements for all the nozzles on upper
heat-exchanger is same. Movement for nozzle on
shell side is calculated and for others same value is
superimposed.
As per imperial-oil and Baton-Rouge
vertical movements for both the nozzles on channel
and shell section are calculated separately.

Stacked Heat-Exchangers
For

calculating Horizontal movement:

As per Ue-1
Horizontal movements for nozzles located on upper
heat exchangers are equal to the corresponding
nozzles on lower heat-exchanger provided both the
nozzles are located at the same distance from
anchor.
As per Imperial-oil
Movement on channel side nozzle is equal to
corresponding nozzle on lower heat-exchanger, while
for nozzle on shell side back calculation is made.

Centrifugal pumps
Pump

dimensions, configuration and nozzle

locations are taken from the vendors drawings.

Temperatures

are normally taken from operating

temperatures on the line-list.

The

point of zero movement is at the support of

the pump casing . This point is usually the
intersection of the centerline across the top of the
pedestals and the centerline of the pump shaft(for
centerline mounted).In some cases(foot mounted)
the support point is at the bottom of casing and
hence this is zero point.

Centrifugal pumps
From

the point of zero growth calculate the

thermal movements of the nozzles.

Generally,

pump is modeled as rigid element with

piping and point of zero movement is taken from
API 610 for different type of arrangements:
Side-suction Side-discharge
End-suction Top-discharge
Top-suction Top-discharge

Compressors
Compressor

dimensions, configuration and

nozzle locations are taken from vendor the
drawings.

Temperatures

are normally taken from operating

temperatures shown on line-list.

Determine

the anchor point from vendors

drawing.
Based

upon nozzle locations, a judgment

assumption is made as to which expansions are
to be based on an average temperature and
which are to be based on the operating
temperature of connecting nozzle.

Compressors
However

the final nozzle displacements are to

be taken from the vendor drawings or are to
be approved by the pump vendor.

Vertical Reboilers
Reboilers

may be supported from the adjacent

vessel or from independent structures from
grade.Most of the Reboilers supported from the
independent structures from grade are placed on
spring supports.

The

horizontal reboiler support location depends

upon its relationship to the vessel. The support
location for the reboiler taken from the vessel is
closer to the tangentline of the vessel in
elevation.

Vertical Reboilers
Nozzle

displacements for the inlet and outlet

nozzles to the vessels are not calculated but the
reboiler is modeled in stress package together
with the vessel.It is recommended that the nozzle
displacements for the other nozzles on the shell
of reboiler be taken from this model itself by
modelling them at their respective location.

Storage Tanks (API 650)

Vertical

displacements are calculated from the

foundation top where the tank rests to the nozzle
centerline.Horizontal displacements are
calculated from the tank centerline.The average
temperature of inlet and outlet line from Line list is
considered for the calculation.

If

any foundation settlement values are provided

by Civil Department those have to be considered
too.

Air Coolers
For

air-coolers Header -Box is modeled and

temperature to be taken for analysis depends
upon configuration. For example:
- Single pass where Inlet is on one side and outlet on
the other, respective temperatures to be considered.
- Double pass where Inlet and outlet are located on the
same side , temperature of the inlet nozzle will be the
governing temperature.