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Puzzles Difficult Part 1
Puzzles Difficult Part 1
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1. (Easy)
Consider a n x m rectangular grid. The problem is to find the number of shortest (or monotonic in this case)
paths along the edges of the cell that start at (0,0) and end at (n,m).
Algorithm-DataStructures (38)
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A monotonic path is a path always moving towards the goal, i.e. consists of moving up or right but not down or
left. Figure 1 illustrates such a path for a grid of size 5 x 3.
Engineering-Mathematics (19)
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Number-Theory (31)
Probability (79)
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2. (Dicult)
Now we need to print all monotonic paths that do not go above the diagonal y = x. Figure 2 shows such a path.
Note that the path in figure 1 goes above the diagonal, hence not desirable in this case. How many such paths
exist for n x m grid (n >= m)?
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The rst problem is too simple, and the second is very challenging. Have fun :-)
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2013 (34)
14 comments:
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Problem:
You have a bunch of ants on a meter stick, each walking 1cm/s in some direction. If an ant hits
the end of the stick, it falls o. If two ants collide, they both reverse direction.
2012 (39)
2011 (43)
Walking Ants Puzzle earlier essentially asked: Given the starting positions and directions of all
the ants, how long until the last ant falls o?
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2009 (63)
2008 (4)
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Disclaimer: I do not have the solution to the problem. It just looks like an interesting problem to
solve.
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3 comments:
Popular Posts
Integer Points
Jul 28, 2013
Source: The Math Factor (contains spoilers) - also tweeted on What Would Martin Gardner Tweet
Problem:
The number of 1s in this paragraph is ___; the number of 2s is ___; the number of 3s is ____; and
the number of 4s is ___.
Consecutive Heads
Pizza Distribution Puzzle
Coins Puzzle
Sphagetti Breakfast
Math Game of Zero String
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2008)
Problem:
An N by N matrix M has entries in {0,1} such that all the 1's in a row appear consecutively. Show
that determinant of M is -1 or 0 or 1.
Disclaimer:
I could not solve it but I have an awesome solution sent by Pritish Kamath (MSR Research
Assistant, CSE IITB Alumnus 2012)
Update (2/4/2013):
Solution posted by Amol Sahasrabudhe (IITB 2004 Alumnus, Ex-Morgan Stanley Quant Associate,
Deutsche Bank Quant Associate) and Piyush Sao (EE IITM Alumnus, Georgia Tech Grad Student)
in comments! Thanks a ton. I have posted the solution provided by Pritish Kamath (MSR
Research Assistant, CSE IITB Alumnus 2012). All three solutions are essentially the same.
8 comments:
1 comment:
Problem:
Assume the following 3-player game consisting of several rounds. Players A and B build a team,
they have one fair coin each, and may initially talk to each other. Before starting the rst round,
however, no more communication between them is allowed until the end of the game. (Imagine
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17 comments:
11 comments:
Related Links:
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I made this fb game yesterday night - 9 Puzzle over Movie Posters - Movie Sliding Puzzle
Sam Loyd published some great puzzles in his time. One book that gets recommended a lot is
"Sam Loyd's Cyclopedia of 5000 Puzzles tricks and Conundrums" (Amazon , Flipkart)
Update: (24/12/2012)
Solution provided by Raghuram Kowdeed (IIT Kanpur) in comments!
Update: (24/12/2012)
Same solution posted by Sai Teja Pratap (IIT Bombay CSE Final Year Student) and Eeshaan
Malhotra (IIT Bombay) on Quora Board.
2 comments:
8 comments:
8 comments:
Apr 8, 2012
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Source: Discussion with Ankush Jain (CSE IITB 2011 Alumnus, Morgan Stanley Analyst) a few
months back. Discussion revived by Sangram Raje (CSE IITB 2008 Alumnus, Tower Research
Analyst) today.
Problem:
Ever seen a pattern lock in Galaxy S2? Password is a series of connected line strokes. How many
possible password combinations can you have?
Some description about the problem:
1) Assuming the dots on the screen are like (1, 2, 3 in the rst row), (4, 5, 6 in the second row)
and (7, 8, 9 in the third row), you cannot go to 8 from 2, without going through 5. So, a password
like * * 8 2 * * is not possible.
2) You cannot move over two lines twice You can move to a used point, but you cannot move to
another used point from a used point
I do not see a simple way to solve this. But even coding this looks very dicult to me. Any
takers?
Update: (19-07-2012)
This is essentially an open ended question
5 comments:
Sphagetti Breakfast
Source: Very standard problem in Quant interviews (Taken from quantnet, xkcd forums)
Problem:
A bowl of spaghetti contains n strands. Thor picks two ends at random and joins them together.
He does this until no ends remain.
What is the
a) expected number of spaghetti loops in the bowl?
b) expected average length of the loops? (in strands)
c) expected number of k-hoops? ( a k-hoop is a loop made from k strands)
8 comments:
Sep 4, 2011
Arrange in a Sequence
Source:
Asked to me by Amol Sahasrabudhe (IITB 2004 Alumnus, Worked at Morgan Stanley Quant
Division, Deutsche Bank)
Problem:
You are given 2n numbers ( 1 to n and 1 to n ). You have to arrange these numbers in a
sequence such that between any two i`s , there exists exactly i-1 numbers. Is it possible for all
n? If no, what are the values of n for which this is possible?
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Disclaimer:
I have not been able to solve it. Sudhanshu Tungare (IITB 2008 EE Alumnus, Morgan Stanley)
claims to have a solution. Cheers!
Update (November 1, 2011):
Part solution posted by Nishant Totla (CSE IITB Senior Undergraduate), Richie and Sarat in
comments! Complete solution posted by Siddhant Agarwal (EE IITB Alumnus, CMI Grad student)
in comments! Thanks a ton.
7 comments:
Problem:
Let n > 0 be an integer. We are given a balance and n weights of weight 2^0, 2^1, . . . ,
2^(n1). We are to place each of the n weights on the balance, one after another, in such a way
that the right pan is never heavier than the left pan. At each step we choose one of the weights
that has not yet been placed on the balance, and place it on either the left pan or the right pan,
until all of the weights have been placed.
Determine the number of ways in which this can be done.
Disclaimer:
As expected from an IMO problem, very dicult! But interesting solutions at
www.math.leidenuniv.nl/~desmit/pop/2011_imo_nal6.pdf
Update (25 Aug 2011):
I did not write in clearly in the post. One of the solutions provided in the pdf is an oral 3 line
solution to the problem. It cannot get smaller than this :P. Even if you have solved the problem,
do have a look at the pdf
3 comments:
Jul 6, 2011
1 comment:
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Source: Mailed to me by Sudeep Kamath (EECS PhD Student, UC Berkeley, EE IITB 2008
Alumnus)
Problem: Three people start with integer amounts a,b and c. In each round, each one tosses a
fair coin. If not all faces are the same, the person with the dierent face gets a rupee from each
of the other two. If all faces are the same, no money is exchanged. This process is repeated till
one of them gets bankrupt. What is the expected number of rounds till the game ends?
Related Problems:
http://pratikpoddarcse.blogspot.com/2009/10/lets-say-keep-tossing-fair-coin-until.html
http://pratikpoddarcse.blogspot.com/2010/11/source-credit-suisse-placement-test-at.html
http://pratikpoddarcse.blogspot.com/2011/02/equal-heads-and-tail.html
Update (15/03/2011):
Hint: Given away by Sudeep. (* Dene a martingale of the form
Y_n=A_n*B_n*C_n + some other term (where A_n,B_n,C_n are the fortunes
of the three players at time n). *)
Solution: Posted by chera (Gaurav Sinha, IITK 1996 Graduate, Indian Revenue Service) in
comments!
8 comments:
Feb 6, 2011
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Dec 8, 2010
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"CSE Blog - Quant, Math & Computer Science Puzzles for Interview
Preparation & Brain Teasing" is a collection of ~225 Puzzles with Solutions.
The problems are divided into three sections: (Easy, Medium and Dicult)
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