STATIC ELECTOMAGNETIC FIELDS

ANALOGIES & SIMILARTIES BETWEEN

E & H FIELDS
Electric field intensity (E) is vector quantity which
represents the strength of a field and has unit volt/mt.

Magnetic field intensity (H) is vector quantity which

represents the strength of a field and has unit
Amp/mt.

The electric field is defined as the force per unit positive

charge that would be experienced by a stationary point
charge, or "test charge", at a given location in the field.
Fig a. electric field due to a positive charge
Fig b. electric field due to negative charge
Fig c. absence of electric field due to neutral atom

Fig a. Magnetic field due to current carrying wire

Fig b. Magnetic field due to Permanent magnet

FLUX DENSITIES:
D :electric flux density(coloumb/mt2)
A measure of the strength of an electric field
generated by a free electric charge, corresponding
to the number of electric lines of force passing
through a given area. It is measured in coulombs
per square meter. Also called electric displacement.

B :magnetic flux density(Wb/mt2)

(Physics / General Physics) a measure of the strength of
a magnetic field at a given point, expressed by the force
per unit length on a conductor carrying unit current at
that point. Symbol B Also called magnetic induction

PERMITTIVITYAND PERMIABILITY OF MATERIAL

: permittivity of material
It is the ability of the medium to permit or allow
electric field to exist. Its unit is Farad/Meter.

= 0* r
Where r>=1 ( r is relative permittivity of material.)
,

0 : Permittivity of free space.

(It is the least possible value of permittivity for any
material)

0 : 8.85X10

-12

Farad/Meter

: Permeability of material (Henry/Meter)

It is the ability of medium to permit or allow H
Field to exist.

= 0 r
Where r>=1 ( r is relative permeability of
,

material.)

0 : Permeability of free space.

It is the least possible value of Permeability for any
material.

: 4 x 10-7 Henry/Meter

INTERRELATION BETWEEN FLUX DENSITIES AND FIELDS:

CAPACITANCE

INDUCTANCE

In electromagnetism and electronics, capacitance is the

ability of a body to hold an electrical charge.
Capacitance is also a measure of the amount
of electrical energy stored (or separated) for a
given electric potential.

Inductance is the property of an electrical

circuit causing voltage to be generated proportional to
the rate of change in current in a circuit
Inductance (L) is defined as the ability to store the
magnetic energy in terms of current.

As we know capacitance (C) is defined as the ability

to store the Electric energy in terms of charge.
Mathematically
C = Q/V
Where ,
Q is charge stored in the capacitor. (coulombs)
V is the potential difference across the capacitor

L= m /I
Where ,
m is the flux through the inductor.(Weber)

plates.(volt)

I is the current through inductor.(Amperes)

So,

m (Weber)

L (Henry) * I(Ampere)

Q (coulombs)= C(Farads)*V (volt)

Dividing by same dimensions (Meter)2 on both sides,

Q(coulombs/Meter2) = C(Farads/Meter)*V(volt/Meter)

So we can see just by mere inspection of units we can

prove that the two measures of field strengths i.e.
density and intensity are related by permittivity

Dividing by same dimensions (Meter)2 on both sides,

m (Weber/Meter2) = L(Henry/Meter)*I(Ampere/Meter)

So we can see just by mere inspection of units we can

prove that the two measures of field strengths i.e.
density and intensity are related by permeability.

ANALOGIES IN CAUSES
Q : Point charge

I : Current flowing in a wire

dQ/dt

L :

Line Charge

S :

Surface charge=

V :

Volume charge=

I dl :Current flowing in a zero length wire(Amp)

dQ /ds

K: Current flowing in a Surface(amp/mt2)

dQ/ dv

J: Current flowing in a solid conductor

By : Mangal das(mangal.007@live.in)
Manish jaiswal
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