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PRONOUNCING
DICTIONARY
OF

AMERICAN ENGLISH
BY

JOHN SAMUEL KENYON,

Professor of the English Language in

Consulting Editor

Webster

New

and Author

Hiram

Ph.D.
College;

of the Guide to Pronunciation,

International Dictionary, Second Edition

AND

THOMAS ALBERT KNOTT,

Ph.D.

Professor of English in the University of Michigan;

Editor of the Middle English Dictionary ; General Editor,

Webster's

G.

&

C.

New International Dictionary,

Second Edition

MERRIAM COMPANY, PUBLISHERS

SPRINGFIELD, MASS.,

U.S.A.

Copyright, 1949

BY
G.

&

MERRIAM

C.

CO.

PREVIOUS EDITION COPYRIGHT, 1944

BY

G.

&

C.

MERRIAM

CO.

COPYRIGHT UNDER INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT UNION

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED UNDER INTERNATIONAL AMERICAN CONVENTION (1910) BY
G.

&

A II

C.

MERRIAM

CO.

rishls reserved

MADE IN THE U.S.A.

GEORGE BANTA PUBLISHING COMPANY, ELECTROTYPERS, PRINTERS, AND BINDERS
THE COLLEGIATE PRESS, MENASHA,

WIS., U.S.A.

To
Myra Pow Kenyon
AND

Myra Powers Knott

This publication was in large part

Corporation of

New

publisher, or proprietor of

by

virtue of its grant

made

any

possible

That Corporation
this publication, and

York.

of the statements

by funds granted by Carnegie

is

not, however, the author, owner,

is

not to be understood as approving

made

or views expressed herein.

PREFACE
More than ten years ago several scholars especially interested in American English suggested to one of the present editors the making of a phonetic
pronouncing dictionary of the speech of the United States that might serve,
both in the United States and elsewhere, the purposes served for Southern
British English by Professor Daniel Jones's English Pronouncing Dictionary.
About six years ago the editors became associated in this work.
Although as a pioneer in the field great credit must go to Professor Jones,

who has

placed

limited

all later

much

lexicographers under inescapable obligation to him,

from
and nearly homogeneous

our task

is

different

his.

He

records the pronunciation of a

class of people in

England

in a type of

speech identical with that of the editor himself. Our problem has been to
record without prejudice or preference several different types of speech used

by

and cultivated Americans

in widely separated
backgrounds of tradition and culture.
Here let it be emphasized once for all that we have no prejudice whatever
either for or against any of these varieties of American speech.
As the book is completed, we are keenly aware that only a beginning has
been made, subject to later supplementation by other students of the field.
On the whole, Southern speech has in the past received least attention. If
we have failed to do it the full justice that was our intention, our failure
must be laid in part to conflicting testimony, but mainly to the fact that
this field has still largely to be investigated.
It was originally intended to include Canadian speech as one of the main
regional divisions. A number of questionnaires were sent to Canada, and
some correspondents took pains to send us excellent material (see acknowledgments below). The material was not, however, extensive enough to
warrant full record of Canadian pronunciation, so that we have had to
content ourselves with occasional references thereto. See mention of some
Canadian variants (118).

large bodies of educated

areas

and with markedly

The scope

of this

work

different

is

limited. It

the study of American dialects.

is

not'intended as a source book for

That work

is

being done by the Linguistic

Atlas of the United States and Canada. ItJsjmr-ainxio^record cmljr what is

rather_va^fily: called slandard speech (see further. Introduction, 1-2,

57-58, 76, 90). It

is

not our purpose even to try to exhaust that

field.

we have omitted many "good" pronunciations. Many

provided for in the Introduction by the lists of variants not

Almost

certainly

of these

are

fully re-

corded in the vocabulary (90 ff.). Recent studies and records of American
speech have made it clear that there exists far greater variety than was
formerly supposed in the speech of Americans of unquestioned cultivation
(v)

Preface

vi

and importance.

Considering the actual facts of contemporary American

pronunciation, the editors feel that on the whole they have been conservative in the variety recorded.

The vocabulary
in use in

is

America.

common words
many somewhat unusual

intended to include the great body of

Besides,

it

includes a great

words, inserted for a variety of reasons. Especial attention has been given

American proper names, though an exhaustive treatment of these is far

beyond the scope of this work. The editors have had in mind the needs of
college and university students, and have therefore included many names
of history and literature likely to be encountered by them, as well as a
large number of notes on various aspects of the English language. While
foreign names are, strictly, outside the scope of a dictionary of American
English, it is impossible to avoid including many often heard and used by
Americans. The field of British place and personal names, tempting to one
interested in pronunciation, has been little entered. A few of general interest must be included, and a considerable number of names of places in
England whose pronunciation was verified locally by one of the editors
have been inserted. Many of these names are of historical and traditional
interest to Americans, and a great number have been transferred to Amerto

ica.

_Ag in_all trustworthy djctioaagiesj t he edi t ors have-endeavored to base

the pronunciatiQrLS--an-a-tual G^iltivated usage. No other standard has, in
point of fact, ever finally settled pronunciation. This book can be taken as

we have succeeded in doing

According to this standard, no words are, as often said, "almost
universally mispronounced," for that is self-contradictory. For an editor
the temptation is often strong to prefer what he thinks "ought to be" the
a safe guide to pronunciation only insofar as
this.

right pronunciation; but it has to be resisted. For example, on etymological

grounds the word dahlia "ought to be" 'dalja; by traditional Anglicizing
habits of English it should be Melja (as it is in England and often in Canada)

as a fact, in

America

it is

prevailingly ^daelja. In this case the variants are

current enough to allow free choice; but in

"right" pronunciation of a word

is

many

cases the theoretically

not even current.

In a work of this sort

it is unavoidable to adopt certain devices to save

These are explained in the Introduction (59 ff.). If the reader is
now and then annoyed by these, he is asked to reflect that this makes possible the inclusion of far more material than would otherwise be possible, and
on the whole makes this material easier for the reader to find.

space.

question naturally arises as to the relation of this work to the other

by G. & C. Merriam Company. This book is pubon a different basis from their other publications. For this book they
act only as publishers and distributors, without editorial supervision. The
Merriam Company is in no way responsible for any statements made in this
book. That responsibility rests solely on the two authors.

dictionaries published
lished

Preface

The purpose

of this dictionary

able extent

is

Even the

solely wi th pr onunciation;

by that purpose;

vii

quite

new

in

America.

F irst,

for example, certain proper

names

problem

But the
is

some

in-

between

this

and the other Merriam

dictionaries

a dictiomiyLJiLcoliQquiaLEnglish, of the evejyday uncon-

is

in their pronunciation.

chief difference

that this

dea ls

of persons

or places are selected, not for their intrinsic importance, but for
terest or

it

entries are determined to a consider-

scious speechjoiLoiltivaied^xeople

of those in

every community

who

carry

onTthe affairs and set the social and educational standards of those communities.

New

Webster's

International Dictionary, Second Edition (In-

its purpose in regard to pronunciation:

"In this edition, the style adopted for representation is that of formal
platform speech and this must be clearly remembered by consultants
of the pronunciations here given. The omission of less precise pronunciations of familiar words does not, of course, indicate either that those pronunciations do not exist or that the editors of the dictionary refuse to
recognize them. They do exist, and very naturally so when the occasion
The recording of all such colloquial pronunciations of every
suits.
separate word is not, however, possible m such a Dictionary as the New
International.
.^ TlTPj^roniinriaiixmA-cxmiainpH in thigJjjrtjrvnaTy are not

troduction, p.

xii)

thus defines

t heore tical.

They,reprsent_atual_speh

of English, speaking formally

the

speech of cultivated users

with a view to being completely understood

by their hearers."

On

the other hand, the pronunciation which the present editors intend

to represent in this

book

speech of well-bred ease"

is

what has been

not

called "easy English," "the

\.,

slovenly or careless speech, nor, on the

other hand, formal platform speech. Of course the great majority of English

words are pronounced

alike in colloquial

and

in formal speech,

and much

the largest part of the vocabulary will be found to have the same pro-

nunciations in both books, and a large part of the differences will be the
differences

between colloquial and formal pronunciation.

(For fuller dis-

cussion of the term colloquial, see Introduction, 1-2.)

The New

International does not attempt to represent the pronunciation

words as they occur in connected speech. The editors state, "It would be
impossible, even were it desirable, to attempt to record the pronunciation
of 'running speech,' that is, of words as elements in connected spoken discourse. ..." The present book does not attempt to do this completely,
could not, in fact, but in many instances does show modified pronunciations brought about by the phonetic effect of words on one another. Still
more often the pronunciation of words as here indicated has been influenced, not so much by preceding or following sounds, as by rhythm, tempo,
of

intonation, sense stress, etc. This will account for a goodly

two books.
Another difference of aim lies

number

of dif-

ferences between the

in the scope of the

two works. The New

'\

Preface

viii

International avowedly includes the pronunciation "of

English-speaking world"

(p.

xii),

and puts

little

all

parts of the

emphasis on regional differ-

This book only occasionally and incidentally reprenon-American pronunciation of English, and represen ts as fu lly_as_piacticable the_main regional_differe nces in Americ a
In some cases there are differences of accentuation that do not represent
real inconsistencies. In the Guide to Pronunciation in the New International
(p. xxxvi, col. 1) it is pointed out that a great many English words have
no fixed accentuation, and that the accent shown in the vocabulary is
merely one possible accentuation among others that may be equally correct. In this book, in some instances, the accentuation may depend on the
colloquial character of the pronunciation. In some cases, too, differences
of accentuation are due merely to a difference of practical policy. For instance, the New International, like many dictionaries, usually places no
accent mark on a final third syllable though it may have secondary stress;
thus the word calabash has only the first syllable marked, whereas in this
book the mark of secondary accent is regularly placed on such words
('kielajbaej). This represents no difference of accentuation in the two books.
but merely a difference of practice, both methods being quite defensible.
ences within America.
sents British or other

N?

The

New

editors_believe that jtMs. b ook

rnmp lprpfTit fp Wpf)<:fpr\

The New Internation al f ully

nafiira]

is - a

International Dictionary, Second Edition.

and importance of colloquial English speech. In its

Guide to Pronunciation, 8, it states: "The most important of these different styles [of spoken English] is what may be called the cultivated colloquial, which has aptly been termed the style of well-bred ease. This is the
most used of the standard styles, it is acceptable to every class of society,
whether used by them or not. ..." The New International provides for
recogriizes the validity

colloquial pronunciation

Webster symbol a
tending.
91).

.,

('italic

by means

of certain flexible symbols.

Thus the

short a') "is used to suggest a variable sound.

especially in familiar speech, to the neutral vowel [9]"

The symbol

e ('italic short e') serves a similar

(Guide,

purpose: "In the great

/, and in many words

unaccented position, as in quiet, propriety, is obscured to the neutral
vowel [a] in colloquial speech" (Guide, 127). Thus our book gives chief
emphasis to colloquial speech, while the New International, though fully

majority of everyday words, unaccented

before n or

in other

recognizing

it,

treats

it

only as one

among many

features of the English

language.

The New
netic

International has also given a table of the International Pho-

Alphabet

for English

with

full illustration of its use: see especially

Guide, pp. xxii-xxv, and thereafter throughout the Guide. The G. & C.
Merriam Co. would therefore seem to be in a logical position to publish a
dictionary of colloquial American speech in the symbols of the International Phonetic Alphabet. In the upshot,

we

believe that the actual dif-

Preface

Merriam-Webster dictionaries and

ferences in pronunciation between the

this

ix

one are comparatively few.

extensive co-operation which the editors have received in

The eager and

the prosecution of this work has gone far beyond our expectation, and has

placed us under great obligation to

help. J^irstof all

we

for a grant-in-aid

and

all

who have shown

and given

interest

wish to express our thanks to the Carnegie Corporation

through the University

to that University for inviting

him

of

Wisconsin to one of the editors,

to spend the year 1940-41 in resi-

dence to prosecute the work; to the Carnegie Corporation, on recommendation of the American Council of Learned Societies, for extending the grantin-aid to supply this editor with an instructor at Hiram College in 1941-42

more time

to enable

him

man

competently

for

for granting

We

to give

him leave

of

Margaret Waterappointment; and to Hiram College

to the dictionary; to Dr.

fulfilling this

absence in 1940-41.

are under very particular obligations to Professor Miles L. Hanley,

of the University of Wisconsin, for his

tionary from

its

hearty encouragement of the dic-

beginning, for placing at our disposal his great collection

and for many valuable

Hanley for much help in the utilization of
the above-mentioned collections, and for many items of expert editorial
and

of rimes

suggestions;

spellings at the University of Wisconsin,

and

to Mrs. Louise

advice.

We

have profited greatly from the material thus far published by the
and Canada, and in addition we wish
to thank the Directors for placing at our disposal a considerable amount of
unpublished material from the collections covering parts of the Central
West and of the South.
We thankfully acknowledge our great indebtedness, in common with all

Linguistic Atlas of the United States

students of the English language, to the great Oxford English Dictionary.

Intimately associated as the editors have been with Webster's

International Dictionary, Second Edition,

be influenced by

its

it

is

standards and indebted to

inevitable that
its

materials in

We gladly acknowledge the deepest obligations to it.

We are indebted to many individuals who have supplied

many

(Celtic),

William Ellery Leonard (English),

J.

ways.

us with details

of information in their respective fields; am.ong them. Professors

Dillon

New

we should

Homer

Myles

Herriott

(Spanish), Joseph L. Russo (Italian), Alexander A. Vasiliev (Russian),

R-M.

S.

Heffner (German and Phonetics), Einar

Haugen (Scandinavian),

Casimir Zdanowicz (French), Dr. Karl G. Bottke (French and Italian),

Mr. Charles E. Condray (Southern speech), all at the University of

Edward

&

Merriam Co., Springfield, Mass.

(Eastern speech). Professor J. D. M. Ford, Harvard University (Italian),
Professor Bernard Bloch, Brown University (Eastern speech), Dr. George
L. Trager, Yale University (Linguistics), Dr. Ruth E. Mulhauser, Hiram
Wisconsin; to Mr.

Artin, G.

C.

Preface

College

(Romance Languages), Professor R. H.

Stetson, Oberlin College

(Syllables).

To

and other competent observers in various parts of the United

and Canada we are under special obligation for material which they
have collected on the speech of their regions, with valuable comment and in
many instances with phonograph records: to Professors Katherine Wheatscholars

States

University of Texas; William A. Read, Louisiana State University;

George P. Wilson, Woman's College, University of North Carolina; C. K.
Thomas, Cornell University; C. M. Wise, Louisiana State University; Lee
S. Hultzen, University of California at Los Angeles; W. Norwood Brigance,
Wabash College; Mr. John Kepke, New York City; Mr. L. Sprague de
Camp, New York City; Dr. Raven I. McDavid, Jr., South Carolina; Dr.
Martin Joos, University of Toronto, Can.
We also wish to thank a number of scholars and teachers who responded
to our request for advice on the editing (published in American Speech, xi,
Oct. 1936, pp. 227-31), replying either in the columns of that journal or by
private correspondence. Their suggestions were all carefully considered,
and many of them were adopted.
To Mr. Donald A. Bird, Mr. Philip M. Davies, and Mrs. Wayne Caygill
of the University of Wisconsin we are indebted for valuable assistance in
ley,

preparing the manuscript.

In addition to those mentioned above, the editors also have to express

many more

and others, who

and often supplied
supplementary notes; in several instances also they sent phonograph
records. To those whose names follow and a few that we had no means of
identifying we extend our sincere thanks. Titles are omitted; and since it
could not be significant without detailed explanation, address and locality
lasting obligations

made

to

transcriptions of their

are omitted. Suffice

it

scholars,

own and

teachers,

others' speech,

to say that the informants were well distributed over

Canada are so marked.

Anderson, Phyllis B. Arlt, A. M. Barnes, L. L. Barrett, A. C.
F. Bender, C. L. Bennet (Can.), E. B. Birney (Can.), Morton W.

the United States. Those from

Virgil A.

Baugh,

J.

Bloomtield (Can.), Hilda Brannon, Alexander Brede,

Jr.,

Christine Broome,

William F. Bryan, Donald C. Bryant, C. H. Carruthers (Can.), Philip H.

Churchman, Roy B. Clark, T. F. Cummings, Edwin B. Davis, J. de Angulo,
L. R. Dingus, Sarah Dodson, Julia Duncan, Norman E. Eliason, Bert

Emsley, E. E. Ericson, Paul H. Flint, Frances A. Foster, Elizabeth F.

Gardner, James Geddes, Jr., Erma M. Gill, W. Cabell Greet, Louis A.
Guerriero, Harold F. Harding, Harry W. Hastings, Grace E. Ingledue,
Annie S. Irvine, Cary F. Jacob, Joseph Jones, W. Powell Jones, Claude E.
Kantner, Clifford Anne King, C. A. Knudson, C. A. Lloyd, C. M. Lotspeich, William F. Luebke, Klonda Lynn, T. O. Mabbott, John C. McCloskey, Cassa L. McDonald, James B. McMillan, Kemp Malone, Edward W. Mammen, Albert H. Marckwardt, E. K. Maxfield, R. J. Menner,

Preface

Alice

W.

Mills,

xi

George Neely, T. Earl Pardoe, Gordon E. Peterson, Holland

Peterson (Can.), Louise Pound, E. G. Proudman, Robert L. Ramsay,

W. Charles Redding, Loren D. Reid, Stuart Robertson, J. C. Ruppenthal,

Richard Sanders, Edwin F. Shewmake, Loretta Skelly,

L. Stayner, J. M. Steadman, Jr., W. J. Stevens
(Can.), Everett F. Strong, Morris Swadesh, C. H. Thomas, Argus Tresidder, E. H. Tuttle, W. Freeman Twaddell, Charles H. Voelker, Chad Walsh,
Lois P. Ware, Raymond Weeks, Walter H. Wilke, Rudolph Willard, A. M.
Withers, Robert Withington.
The typesetting and electrotyping of this book were done by the George
Banta Publishing Company, of Menasha, Wisconsin. To all members of its
staff who were concerned in any way with its making, the editors express
I.

Willis Russell, C.

Gordon W. Smith, Paul

their grateful appreciation.

The

editors feel that the

enterprise,

from

many

and

if it

making

been a co-operative
measure due to expert help
defects the editors hold them-

of the dictionary has

has value, this

is

in large

voluntary contributors; for

its

selves solely responsible.

Vachel Lindsay Room, Hiram College

September, 1943

John S. Kenyon
Thomas A, Knott

CONVENTIONALIZED DIAGRAM OF THE SPEECH ORGANS

(Reprinted by permission from Kenyon's American Pronunciation, 8th ed.)

LL=Lips. Pt = Tongue

V = Velum

(soft

Ph = Pharynx. VC = Vocal

(xU)

Point.

Bl = Tongue Blade.

Tr = Teethridge.

HP = Hard Palate.
U = Uvula.

palate): black: lowered, or open; dotted: raised, or closed.

Cords.

L'

Lbr
CHART OF THE TONGUE POSITIONS OF THE VOWELS
(Reproduced, with slight changes, from Kenyon's American Pronunciation,
8th edition, by permission.)

The

Hf
L'hf

= High-front
= Lower high-front

H''mf= Higher mid-front

L^'mf

Lf

= Lower mid -front

= Low-front

left of

the figure represents the front of the

He = High-central

mouth

Hbr = High-back round

L''hbr= Lower high-back round

Mc = Mid-central

Mbr = Mid-back round

H''lbr

Lea = Low-central advanced

Lbr

Lb

= Higher low-back round

= Low-back round
= Low-back

(xiii)

INTRODUCTION
THE STYLE OF SPEECH REPRESENTED
1. It is

the purpose of this dictionary to show the pronunciation of cultivated colloquial

The meaning

English in the United States.

A common

misunderstanding

pronunciation brands

New

Webster^s
to,

unstudied; informal;
of a

word

colloquial is

sometimes misunderstood.

word

or

International Dictionary, Second Edition, thus defines colloquial: "Pertaining

common and

or used in, conversation, esp.

among

familiar conversation; conversational; hence,

phrases or pronunciations; specif., of a word or a sense or use

as, colloquial

and appropriate

or expression, acceptable

intimate speech

word

and therefore to be avoided.

as inferior,

it

of the

that in dictionaries the label Colloq. attached to a

is

in ordinary conversational context, as in

cultivated people, in familiar letters, in informal speeches or writings,

but not in formal written discourse {flabbergast; go slow; harum-scarum). Colloquial speech

may be as correct as formal speech.

two ways, and the

G. L.

Kittredge."

It should

definition in the Oxford Dictionary

may

mention pronunciation, "etc."

Belonging to

colloquial style is considerable.'

be noted that the illustrative words do not refer to pronuncia-

though the definition includes pronunciation.

tion but to diction,

The

'Every educated person speaks his mother tongue in at least

between the dignified and the

difference

common

safel}^

is

and

concise

also adequate.

be taken to include

it:

Though

does not

it

"Of words, phrases,

etc.:

speech; characteristic of or proper to ordinary conversation, as dis-

tinguished from formal or elevated language. (The usual sense.)"

Definitions of colloquial that only concern choice of words
or slang are perhaps in part responsible for

less frequent,

but

still

uncommon

not

assumption that a colloquialism

is

some

and give as examples only oaths

of the popular

error

is

misunderstanding of the term.

the confusion of colloquial with

Another not uncommon confusion

is

the

to regard colloquial English as the opposite of standard

English {standard being confused with formal or

literary).

and standard formal or Hterary English, as there

There

standard colloquial English

is

nonstandard colloquial and nonstandard

is

formal English. As regards pronunciation, one kind of nonstandard formal Enghsh

ficial

local,

a localism, and so to be avoided.

is

the arti-

type in which vowels that are normally unaccented are pronounced with their accented

sounds, in which articles

particles are

{a,

an,

pronounced with

tlie),

their

prepositions

from,

{to,

emphatic forms instead,

are not those of traditional living speech, in which

of),

in

and other normally unstressed

which the tempo and intonation

abnormal accentuation and loudness are

practiced, together with similar distortions that detract from unostentatious sincerity.

The accepted meaning

as Professor

Henry

Cecil

of colloquial

Wyld,

is

to be

of Oxford,

found in the work

of such linguistic scholars

whose History of Modern Colloquial English deals

with the unstudied speech and familiar correspondence of the cultivated

and reminds

classes,

us of the importance both to literature and to general culture of this central core of the EngHsh

Says Professor Wyld, "This style of Uterary prose

language.
insofar as

the
1

life

it is

rooted in that of colloquial utterance.

and conversation

History oj

Modern

of the age."^

Colloquial English,

Similarly, the

London

The

is

aUve and expressive chiefly

style of Literature

is

rooted in

American scholar and poet William Ellery

1925, pp. 157, 188.

fxv)

The Phonetic Alphabet

xvi

Leonard: "In general every good colloquialism

rightly

good prose

possible in good prose (or verse), for quite

is

becoming more and more a

(or verse) is

skillful

adaptation of the vigorous,

_i;pmpact, racy idiom of the best spoken speech."^

'

^y /

\
1

Colloquial pronunciation

2.

foi cultivated speakers

Vthey are saying, not

fl-om that of the

social

is

here treated as the conversational and familiar utterance

when speaking

how they

in the

are saying

normal contacts
There

it.

everyday contacts of family

and business

or professional

The

life.

life

and concerned with what

of life

are, of course, different styles of colloquial,

somewhat

to the

contacts of

less familiar

word

variant pronunciations of the same

quently shown will often reflect the different styles of the colloquial.
that are not formal per se, unstudied everyday speech

is

the basis. It

In

is

all

fre-

cases of words

of course true that the

majority of words in general use are the same for colloquial as for formal language, and are

pronounced alike

The

in

editors are

day speech

both

styles.

aware that the attempt to represent in

of the cultivated

is

likely

The average observer has not been

now and then

fairly accurate

to cause surprise

which the

must

It

critic is

No

tempt

ana

is

criticism.

too apt to

experience

is

com-

to hear certain pronunciations in the very statements in

denying them.

also be

remembered that not

all

does not often occur in conversation. Its pronunciation

context, with the -or- fully sounded. If

So the word

as in add, while in the

adhibit,

it

is

Thus the word

what

therefore

it

should become a popular word,

not being colloquial, receives the

more popular word

Words not

words are of a colloquial nature.

no colloquial pronunciation.

colloquial use have, properly speaking,

like exercise.

to

trained to observe speech on the wing,

be influenced by unconscious habitual association with spelling forms.

moner with trained observers than

symbols the every-

and

advise the first

vowel

is

full

would be
it

in

exorcise

in formal

would sound just

sound of the

first

vowel

normally obscured.

THE PHONETIC ALPHABET

3.

Pronunciation in this dictionary

is

indicated

by the alphabet

of the International

Phonetic Association (IPA). These symbols and the pronunciations represented by them invariably appear in boldface type.

More than half of

these are the ordinary letters of the English

alphabet or familiar variations of them.

Each symbol stands for

to represent

or ly one speech sound,

and each speech sound has only one symbol

In accord with the practice of many British and American users of

it.

the accented sounds a, 3,

s'

sounds a and ^. Diphthongs are regarded as single sounds and their symbols
as single symbols.

this alphabet

are considered to be separate speech sounds from the unaccented

The same

is

true of

tj,

(ai,

au,

oi, etc.)

d3.

In using the phonetic alphabet the reader must be careful to give only the one designated

sound to those

letters

which

symbol g has only the sound

gaes,

never that in

iiise

in ordinary spelling represent

in get get, never that in

more than one sound. Thus the

gem dsem;

has only

tlie

sound

in gas

waiz or that in vision Visan. The dotted i has only the sound in machine

malfin, never that in shin fin; ordinary e always has the sound in gate get, never that in tnet

met. Below
tion
'

is

the

list of

symbols with key words. The notes after the table give

and additional symbols. The accent mark

American Speech,

viii, 3,

Oct. 1933, p. 57.

(')

fuller

informa-

always precedes the syllable accented.

The Phonetic Alphabet

xvii

VOWELS
Sym-

Symbol

Spelling

Spoken Form

bol

SpeUing

Spoken Form

bee

bl

full

ful

pity

'piti

tooth

tue

rate

ret

3-

further

'fySa^ accented syllable

yet

jt

sang

Seg

further

'faSa accented syllable

bath

baO as heard in

a^

further

'fytSa'

further

'fsSa unaccented syllable

custom

'kAstam unaccented

above

a'bAv

custom

'kAstam accented

above

a'bAv

only, r'5 sounded

between

the East,
ae

(sang)

only, r'^ silent

unaccented syllable

and a (ah)

ah

far

far

watch

WDtJ between o (ah)

only, r's

only, t's silent

1

and

3 (jaw)

jaw

d33

gorge

gards

go

go

ai

while

hwail

au

how

hau

31

toy

t3I

DIPHTHONGS
ju

using

'juzig

fuse

fjuz

lU

fuse

fiuz

CONSONANTS
Sym-

S3rm-

Spoken Form

bol

Spelling

Spoken Form

d3

jaw

d33

edge

Eds

custom

%ASt3in

di/

in

keep 'em

custom

'kAstsm

vision

go

go

Eden

'id^i

fuU

ful

sang

saeg

vision

'visan

tooth

tue

further

'fytia'

cradle

'kredj

sang

saeg

watch

wotj

using

'juzig

hw

while

hwail

dish

di/

yet

jet

rate

ret

bol

Spelling

pity

'piti

bee

bi

tooth

tue

dish

sounded

'kipm
y.

Vi33n

angry

'aeg-gri

full

ful

vision

Vi33ii

how

hau

very

Veri

tS

watch

WDtJ

far

far

chest

(Jest

gorge

gsrds

syl-

table

ble

sylla-

The Phonetic Alphabet

xviii

ACCENT MARKS
The mark

4.

'

above the

line

and before a

syllable indicates that that syllable has

as in acrobat 'aekrajbaet, Aberdeeti

syllable indicates that that syllable has the

The corresponding mark

principal accent, as in action 'aek/an.

below the

line

and before a

an accentuation somewhat weaker than the main one,

jaeba^'din,

shoemaker '/u/meka'. For discussion of accent,

see 48-54.

LENGTH MARK
The

5.

colon

Thus the form

sound

ss

sand

in

is

its

sound

In the vocabulary the length sign

is

prolonged.

longer than in sat; and the

one pronunciation of the plural joists (with omitted

in

in rejoice ri'dsois.

it is

means that the

sae:nd beside saet

form d33is : means that

than

a vowel or a consonant symbol indicates that

(:) after

the s

t)

is

longer

used only occasionally or in

is

certain classes of words. See fuller discussion of length at 55.

NOTES ON THE SYMBOLS

6.

The symbol

I.

used for accented or unaccented

i is

and unaccented vowels

sounds that precede or follow.

When

ers in .I'Vmerica

proaches the

like the

in bee bi. See the

The vowel

e.

7.

from a sound

in rate ret

common

This accords with

the unaccented vowel in pity

final,

'piti

and

similar

practice in transcription.

words varies with

in bit bit, or like the first

On

The symbol

8. E.

and other words with "long a"

is

very often (but by no means

one sj'mbol e properly stands for

The

of pronunciation of the

vowel sound in

When

r,

thus followed by

the E in yet

Jt,

the e sound

Many

send send.

like yet Jt,

ae.

sound.

This ligature

It

was the

sound

la}^

is

usually a

more

little

speakers pronounce

ae in

{there tier, tiaer).

there pronounced aesk,

languages, and

its

Old English as

present value in the IP A alphabet

tj'aef,

common

baeO or ask, tJaf, baO).

is

f.

an important sound

in cultivated

The symbol a must always be

American, see 102

a, father 'fatfa^.

City in such words as ask ask, chaff

The vowel
is

in

is

in

e (since its

the same as

Enghsh.

New York

and how.

is

such words in both America and

This vowel sound, not in general use in America as a whole,

England and

Taa.ny.

sang saeg than

Originally combined from the Latin letters a and

tween the vowel of sang saeg and the vowel of ah

while

pronounced by

like the ae in

used in Anglo-Saxon times for the same sound

sast).

between the two Latin sounds),

in its oldest use in

10. a.

(OE

sound

a unit symbol (not two letters) standing for a single simple vowel

is

letter

present English sat

or the

of the

send send, but also for one type

there 'Ser, swear swtr, air er, as

England. Both pronunciations are given in the vocabulary

9.

ei, ei, ee,

all varieties

variants never distinguish words otherwise alike.

used not only for words

is

sound that ap-

ending -y in the vocabulary.

linguistic principles the

(whether diphthong or not).

different speak-

in 'piti, to a

always) a diphthong (gliding from one vowel to another in the same syllable)
like.

the accented

sometimes different in

vary with different speakers and with the

quality, the differences are here ignored, since they

different

Though

syllables.

in pity 'piti, sitting 'sitig, visit Vizit, etc., are

Northern

It

tjaf,

It

is

is

about midway be-

often heard in

commonly begins

in French, Spanish,

the diphtliongs in

and other

British, Scottish, Anglo-Irish,

carefully distinguished

from

a.

New

bath ba6 (which are also

foreign

and Canadian.

For the use of a

in

Eastern

The Phonetic Alphabet

"broad a" sound

11. a. This is the

also

in

used by

"short o"

ah

a, far lax, father

in

'fatJaf

most of America.

the majority. of Americans in "short o" words such as top tap, got gat, fodder

which some speakers pronounce

The symbol d

12. D.

in

xix

now

by

is

generally used in England in

words

is

As with

with o, there

a, so

also often

is

13. o. Like e, the

be approximated
lips for o in wall.

no key word that

in ah,

is

will

convey to

spoken with d

and wat/, with

all

The small

u, u.

Americans

exact sound.

its

America, but

in all parts of

it is

a as in wall.

symbol o represents either a simple vowel or a diphthong (ou, ou, ov,

vowel and the diphthong.

14.

by many

parts of the

may

It

wall.

For the same reason stated at e (7 above) the symbol o

etc.).

all

moving the tongue) rounding the

watch, here used, frequently

pronounced wat/, with a as

the historical

like top top, got got, fodder 'foda,

a sound about midway between a in ah and 3 in

trying to sound a in ah while (without

The key word

is

d.

represents a vowel not in universal American use. It

Easterners and Southerners, and in certain kinds of words by many speakers in

country. It

It

'fada^.

used for both the simple

is

For b see -ow in the vocabulary.

capital

{full ful)

and the

Io^^"er-case

be

(tooth tu9) are to

carefullj-

distinguished from each other.

The symbol y

15. y.

represents the accented form of the so-called "r-colored" vowel used

in the first syllable oi further 'fytia'

it is

with a vowel

spelt

sound

vowel

this

is

by those who do not "drop their

by the

letter followed

not followed by

time holding the position for

r.

r; it is

r's."

In current spelling

But

letter r {word, fur, term, firm, earn).

made

a vowel

Such vowels are common

in

tongue

wliile the

many

at the

is

in

same

The con-

types of English.

sonantal r sound that formerly followed the vowel (hence the present spelling) long ago merged

with the preceding vowel and disappeared as a separate sound, though

in the r-coloring of the vowel.

The simple proof

vowel cannot be pronounced separately from the

whereas this can easily be done with, say, the a and

16. 3.

The symbol

"drop their

mouth

r's," the

as for

3^,

its effect is still

of the nature of the present

sound

is

heard

that the

without producing a quite different sound,

r of /arm.

3 represents the corresponding vowel in the

word furtJwr

of those

who

tongue for this vowel 3 being in the same general central position in the

but without the simultaneous adjustment of the tongue for the r-coloring

(usually the elevation of the tip).

For those accustomed to pronounce

a fairly good 3 can

be made by trying to pronounce 3^ in bird with the point of the tongue placed against the backs
of the lower teeth,
is

often followed

and with the jaw a

trifle

by

'fs-ri,

as in furry

r,

cans pronounce fur fy, and furry

Americans pronounce fur

from a simple form hur

'hs-ri, 'hA-ri,

17.

a'.

quality, as

z.?,

is,

'fs^i,

and ftirry

furry is

more closed than

from fur

is.

for the

vowel a in sun. This 3

While the majority of Ameri-

most British and many eastern and southern

'f3'ri.

ixovafur, three

But

in

words Uke hurry, which

is

not derived

American pronunciations are common,

'hy

-i,

the last being least frequent and tending to become 'hs-ri or 'hy-n.

The symbol

9-

is

the unaccented r-colored vowel, like

pronounced by those who do not "drop

formed from the IP A symbols 3 and a

their r's."

(as used, e.g., in the

Ward's Phonetics of English, Cambridge, Engd. 1939,

flexion (r-coloring) used

p. 108),

by the IPA on the consonants

3"

inseparable from

its r

The two symbols y and a'

are

word Herbert

'hsbat in Ida C.

by attaching

the hook of retro-

s, z, t, d, etc.

{Le Maitre Fhonetique,

Jan.-Mar. 1942, inside front cover). This makes easy the comparison of such words as Herbert

The Phonetic Alphabet

XX
as pronounced

by those who "drop

their r's" ('hsbat)

and by those who sound them

('hs^ba^t),

showing at a glance the phonetic relation between such words in the two types of speech
{further 'fsSa
3,

'fa^Sa*,

perverse

y, a, being vowels, none of

The

18. a.

"drop their

s3Tnbol a represents the "neutral vowel," or "schwa"

over

('f sSa)

r's"

syllable

first

make

to

Compare

it

four sounds

of

Jwa, heard

in that oi further

'f atSa

not exactly

is

in the im-

from those who

like the a of 'kAS-

an 'til

is

not quite without accent, but has sufficient accent (though not

audibly more prominent than the un- of unless (spoken colloquially)

unlace Angles with unless an'ks, or undone An'dAn with and done in the phrase

and done with

An'tild

shown above,

or, as just

With many such speakers the a

'ova^), all

This represents the accented vowel of custom 'kAstam, above a'bAv, undone An'dAn.

19. A.

marked)

commonly regarded as the same speech sound.

is

In An'dAnthe

an'ks.

over 'ova

them here followed by r.

accented syllable of custom 'kAStam,

tam, but

pa'Vss, bird badbyd,

paVss

an'dAn

'ova'

nau. The

witJ,

prefix un- is

or untilled with until in This land was untitled until

commonly pronounced An- with more

now

or less subordinate

accent. See un- in the vocabulary.

20. ai, au.

For regional varieties of these diphthongs see Variants 105-108.

21. ju. This

a rising diphthong

is

begins with the glide consonant

the

Jast part

(as in yet Jt)

being stressed more than the

and ends with the vowel u

It

first.

(as in tooth tu9).

ju would not be separately Usted as a vowel symbol, being a consonant plus vowel, except for

comparison with the diphthong lu

(see below),

same nature as other combinations

of consonantal

or of consonantal

jet, etc.)

22. lu. This

au,

is

with which
j

ji,

yea

je,

pronounce ju

lu

is

heard from

a modified form of

lu,

by contact
{ng) has

made by

of the

If the last

did historically in such words as

speakers in such words as fuse fiuz, where others

stress {superb su'pyb, siu'pyb, sju'pyb) or before r {curious

noted that this sound

lead without effort to the modified lu and ju.

is

a simple, single sound, which cannot be

contact of the tongue back with the velum, as the simple sound n

is

di-

made

tongue point with the upper teethridge. The usual spelhng with two letters

sometimes led to an impression that o

only {angry

it

of lu in America, see Variants 109.

The phonetic surroundings

23. g. It should be
is

ja, yet

occurring chiefly as an alternative to u or ju that has been re-

duced from u or ju by lack of

vided. It

many

For the occurrence

(fjuz).

'kjurias, 'kiurias).

of the

either a falling diphthong (first element stressed, as in the diphthongs ai,

The form

use juz.

is

yaw

w plus a vowel {we wi, way we, woe wo, etc.).

element becomes more prominent, then lu becomes ju, as

is

often alternates, for ju

or a level-stress diphthong, both elements being about equall}' prominent.

3i),

lu

it

plus a vowel (as in ye

'aeg-gri,

ink igk).

When

is

a combination sound. It

is

also spelt with

speakers "drop their g's" (as in runnin' for running),

they drop no sound, but they replace the tongue-back nasal g ('rAmg) with the tongue-point
nasal

24.

('rAnin).

m,

n,

1.

These are called

vowel whatever, either alone

syllabic consonants because they

sonants {opened 'op-md, buttoned 'bAt-nd, saddled

'kipm,

Eden

'idit^,

form

syllables without

{stop 'em 'stap-m, button 'bAt-n, saddle 'saed-l) or

cradle 'kredl

have no vowel

the lips continue closed throughout pip, and, for

with the teethridge throughout t^ and

dj.

'saed-ld).

in
ip

These and such forms as keep 'em

the unaccented syllable because, for

and

|,

any

with other con-

ip,

the tongue point remains in contact

Between some other consonants,

as sip {lessen

The Phonetic Alphabet

'ksn), zn {reason 'rizn), pi {apple

the opening of the speech organs

'aepl)

is

xxi

the transition to the second consonant

so slight, that

schwa vowel a plus a nonsyllabic

All of the foregoing forms can also be uttered with the

('kipara, 'idan, 'bAtan, 'kredal, ^ksan, 'rizan, 'aepal),

consonant

others the pronunciation with a

marker

syllabic

in contact with the

sometimes placed over the symbol

is

not frequent, and g

is

use, or is

Variants 114.

is

velum throughout the k and the

g,

but

is

g.

The

here not deemed necessary, since

never syllabic in the same position in which

it is

nonsyllabic.

always syllabic after a consonant (^aikg'go, 'baegg'baegidg, 'mekg) and never syllabic

It is

after a

As

vowel

(sig, 'baegig, 'mekig).

and

'aspl

'aepal

same consonant

show the alternation between a

(al),

so syllabic consonants

may

syllabic

consonant

'helpjinit (2 syls.)

doublet 'dAblit (2 syls.).

(3 syls.)

Such alternation

nection with the ending -ing; thus blazoning

handling

given

but often there

first;

is little

is

is

often

shown

in the

pronounced either

form depending on

double

'dAb}

it

rt

vocabulary in con-

'blez-n-ig or 'blez-nig;

The one deemed most usual

choice, the

helpmeet

(3 syllables)

'it

(2 syls.)

in colloquial speech

style of speech.

hw should be regarded as a single speech sound

When regarded as a single phoneme it is often transcribed with
symbol hw is used for the sound spelt wh in words like while hwail.

hw. Linguists are disagreed whether

25.

or as

either 'haen-dlig or 'haen-dj-ig.

is

ordnance 'ardnans

ordinance 'ardnans (3 syls.)

and schwa plus the

( 1 )

alternate with nonsyllabic consonants, but

here sometimes with a difference of meaning: help 'em eat 'hElpm

is

many

a mark of formal,

nasal consonant g can also be syllabic, as in the colloquial / can go ^aikg'go.

Here the tongue back remains

syllabic

but in some of these and

good

either not accepted in

On this point see further.

noncolloquial pronunciation.

The remaining

is

so quick, or

is

no vowel intervenes.

two

inverted

h followed by w.

(av)

Here the

For variation in pronunciation of words spelt with wh see Variants 113.

26.

where

r.

In this book the S3Tnbol r

it is

is

used for the consonant, as in

parallel in phonetic structure to

cue kju, that

is,

the symbol r

is

here used for the sound in very

by the vowel symbol

But the ends

and

to

of simplicity

labic vowel, so that

'veri,

a-

('ve^i, faa', gaa^ds),

seem better served

whenever ^ occurs

in this

which

is

defensible

to confine the use of

book

it

a^

This

is

In the speech of those

shown by separating the

nunciation without

would not help

to

to representing the syl-

always represents a

syllable, either alone,

Thus the word

Here the accent mark

also implies

distinguish three-syllable cornflower

three-syllable flower cup

In current speech (and often in poetry)

have either two

floiuer,

which

('flaua^)

ES

all

is

and the one-syllable pro-

more than one

'kaan^flau-a

'flau-a^kAp

is

or with

their r's" the two-syllable pronunciation

syllables with a centered period ('flau-a)

it (f laua)

cornflour 'kaan^flaua, or
'flaua^kAp.

who "drop

sometimes ex-

on laboratory evidence.

pronounced either with two syllables or with one, can be transcribed with two
(flaur).

in Yale je!,

far far, gorge gardg, which some regard as

as in better 'bet-a^, or with a consonant, as in perceive pa^'siv.

one

a glide consonant or semivowel before a vowel in the same syllable. In addition,

a nonsyllabic vowel forming a diphthong with the preceding vowel.

pressed

rate ret, cradle 'kredj,

in wait wet, twain twen,

syllable,

but

from two-syllable

from two-syWable flour cup

such words as flower, flour, higher, hire

syllables or one. In this dictionary, as a rule, the

number

of syllables indicated

follows the conventional spelling form.

The symbol

r is also

used between a and a vowel in such a position as in

flattery 'flstari.

The Phonetic Alphabet

xxii

which might

conveniently) be regarded as flatter

(less

their ^'s" as 'flaeta plus -ri.

pends on where the

where

slight difference in

last syllable begins,

In a few cases
jova^'aekt,

The

is

all

-i,

and

'flaetaTi de-

who "drop

used to represent the speech of those

their r's," as in overact

speakers would normally sound the r before a vowel.

varieties of English

and

r,

the symbol r mdicates certain different sounds in

in foreign languages; as (1)

the tongue-point

tion against the upper teethridge) in Scottish, Anglo-Irish, Italian,

times

by those who "drop

or

'flaeta^i

and is here disregarded.

Besides the usual American sounds of

some

plus -y

'flaeta^

sound between

German and French;

(2) the

uvular

trill

(vibra-

trill

Spanish, and some-

(vibration of the uvula against the back of the

tongue) found in French and German; and (3) the uvular fricative, or "scrape," found in

French and German. These varieties of

where they are

represented by

all

have

special

IPA symbols

not needed in this book,

r.

ADDITIONAL PHONETIC SYMBOLS

In addition to the symbols given above, a number of symbols are used to express

mon

English sounds and the sounds of foreign languages recorded in the dictionarJ^

scriptions of the foreign sounds are only approximate,

The symbols not here

with the foreign sounds.

27. X.

k sound made by

back

of the

more forward variety

symbol

suflicient for

nounced

like

of

ach ax, Scottish loch Idx, Spanish

ix,

both

of the

A separate

sound heard

symbol

varieties.

The

so-called

Welsh

fricative

/,

expressed in current Welsh spelling

forcible expulsion of voiceless breath at

cized pronunciation of

Welsh names 4

Floyd for Lloyd) or by English

This

is

is

is

tion.

(Voiceless

m (m)

31. r. Voiceless r
3b'fr).

Like

32. i. This

represented

by

is
Ij

is

1, it

occurs in a

used
is

except that

it is

in

is

word or two;

is final

lost in

//,

is

a kind

side.

In Angli-

It

French pro-

a voiceless consonant.

lost in

French conversa-

cf twiph.)
final after

a voiceless consonant

French speech.

the palatal lateral, or palatal

in the vocabulary).

after

sometimes actually

some French words when

sometimes

Spanish and Italian words.

and at the other

voiceless. Its chief use is in the

may

(not the

same as palatalized

/,

occasionalh-

be approximated by keeping the tongue pressed

against the backs of the lower teeth while trying to sound

in

by

one side of the tongue near the back

6l (elaen'bris for Llanheris).

ordinary English

almost inaudible to an English ear, and

{J ofre

pro-

sometimes replaced byEngUshfl (i^/weWew iox Llewelyn,

nunciation of such words as debacle de'ba:kl, where the

It

IPA symbol),

related to stop k.

is

teeth, the tongue being in contact near the teethridge in front

30.

sometimes used to ex-

the fricative g sound (we here use the older and better

is

sound made by

1.

(5) is

But, as Bloomfield has shown, one

in ich.

X except with voiced breath (vocal cords vibrating), and related to the English

stop g just as X
29. 4.

to express foreign pro-

tongue with the soft palate (velum) at the same point where a firm contact

of the

press the
is

de-

for those not familiar

forcing voiceless breath through a loose contact

would stop the breath and make the k sound.

28. g. This

com-

The

in English words.

This stands for the consonant in German ich

junto 'xunto, an "open"

when used

described,

same sounds as

nunciations, have approximately the

and are intended

less

1.

In the vocabularj'- X

is

used

chiefl}-

The Phonetic Alphabet

^33.

This

ji.

from palatalized

palatal n (different

is

needed, by nj). Like

n,

when

expressed in the vocabulary,

can be approximated by keeping the tongue pressed against the backs

it

A.,

xxiii

sound n.

of the lower teeth while trying to

In the vocabulary

used chiefly in French,

ji is

Spanish, and Italian words.

hw.

34. JA. Inverted w, see

35.

The

''.

words otherwise
ance. It

Not a

glottal stop.

formed by closing the

is

stop followed

by

its

explosive release

is

vocabulary
37.

same

heard in coughing.

and

It sounds,

made, somewhat

is

but

like v,

instead of (as in v) between the lower lip and the upper teeth. In the

lips,

This, the "candle-blowing" sound,

>!>.

This sound

38. q.

is

does to

used only

made by a quick

is

position of

in

i.

j is

made by

Welsh {Llandudno

endings -ed

la, in this

{hid)

It

is

from the position

lips)

This

commonly heard

is

is

made by

the symbol

larly written lu,

noted by

regularly heard as the

is

is

itself in

It

may

and (back)

u.

It

is

44. oe. This

is

with
is

first

element of the

common

The sound i is also common in the

See the

-id, -iz, or -ad, -az.

not often used in the vocabulary.

as the final element of the ^American diphthong

the speech of

many who do
German

u.

{fuse

The advanced sound

not use ih, but

de-

distin-

hiibsch hyp/, kiihi ky:n, or of

to

sound e

{rate)

German

{bid) or

{bee)

schon /oin or French peu p0.

with Ups rounded as for o

the low-front or lower mid-front rounded vowel

heiire ce:r,

lips

who

ju, lu, a, 109.

be approximated by trying to pronounce

the mid-front rounded vowel of

is

^oensn or French

This

{too).

may be approximated by trying

there tJer, tJaer

f luz)

brad from brood brud. See Variants

dy:r.

with Ups rounded as for a

This

is

the high-front rounded vowel of

is

French lime lyn, dur

45. Q

from the

not regularly used in the vocabulary, the diphthong la being regu-

heard by

also

This

{fuse

and the advanced h not being distinguished from

guish, for example, brewed

43. 0.

lips)

a quick glide from the position

vowel resembling u but with the tongue advanced from the position for

It represents a

42. y.

for y to a follow-

a quick glide (with unrounded

they are not pronounced either

{stated), -es {glasses) if

ending -ed in the vocabulary. This symbol

I,

pronounced

This represents a vowel made with the tongue retracted somewhat from the lower

book written lu

Like

4-an'didno).

tt.

and bears the

An example of q is seen in French finance nqa:s.

American diphthong

41.

It is nearly equivalent to

rounded

glide (with

high-front position for ordinary

fiHz).

(J,

in the vocabulary.

This represents a vowel sound about midway between (front)

i.

common
40.

the voiceless counterpart of

French words.

in

to a following vowel, or as the glide

to a following vowel.

39.

is

For an example, see whew

v.

being the glide, or semivowel, corresponding to the front rounded vowel y

lips,

(42 below). It

ing vowel, just as the glide semivowel

u.

emphatic utter-

breath with open mouth. The glottal

occurs chiefly in Spanish words (Habana a'^ana).

relation to f that

with rounded

never distinguishes

clear,

the upper lip replaces the upper teeth, the voiced breath passing out with friction between

the slightly separated

for

in English (it

a vowel in English in

glottis as in holding the

36. p. This is the voiced bilabial fricative.

in

sound

distinctive speech

It often occurs before

alike).

and may be approximated by trying

rounded as

to

It

{go)

of

German kmnen

pronounce 8 or

ae of

for d {wall).

the symbol for an o sound intermediate between o {go) and a {wall). Cf. 98.

46.

may

Sense Stress

Stress, Accent,

xxiv

This

b'.

a kind of a sound with the tongue pushed farther forward than in

is

be approximated by sounding a {sun) with hps rounded as for

sound of French "short o"

in cotte

denote this French vowel.

The symbol

shown

short 0,"

in the

kb't,

symbol being regularly used

this
b'

o {wall).

is

It

in the

also used to denote the so-called

vocabulary to

"New England

vocabulary for certain words that usually have the vowel o

many

which, according to Grandgent, are also pronounced with b by

It

-wall.

nearly the

is

{go),

but

cultivated speakers in

New England.
The French

47.

nasalized vowels

vowel sounds

a, o, 6e are, respectively, the

x.,

a, o, oe

ae,

pronounced with the nasal passage open to the throat, the velum being lowered as when
breathing through nose and

mouth

dent to practical transcription,

as

& and o sounds, and are here

In works on French phonetics, for reasons

together.

is

usually written e, and o written

3,

inci-

but they are described

so represented.

STRESS, ACCENT, SENSE STRESS

48. Stress

nence

is

is

the general term for prominence of a sound or syllable, whether that promi-

produced by force of utterance, by pitch, by duration

some combination

Accent

of these elements.

is

syllable over others in a plurisyllable (word of

of sound, or (as usuall}') b}'

the specific term for the prominence of one

more than one

syllable), as practice 'praektis,

remain ri'men, element 'ebniant. Monosyllables therefore have no accent in

49. Sense stress, or sentence stress, is the

phrase,

group that makes sense

can show sense stress of monosyllables

plurisyllables

always

falls

on

The farmer

clause, or sentence; as

Here the marked words have more sense

this sense.

prominence of certain words among others in a

stress

than the urmiarked

dis^ posed of

the, of, his.

Ms

^holdings.

The same marks

The sense

{TJie htian has ^gone to his ^house).

stress of

their accented syllables.

In the vocabulary every word of more than one syllable has a primary accent mark in the
pronunciation {clothing 'kloSig, amiss a'mis, variant Veriant, preceding pri'sidig, inflected
in'flektid).

Some words have

when two

two,

syllables are nearly or quite equal {redheaded

Ved'hedid).
50. Syllables

more prominent than one or more others in a word, but less prominent than the

strongest one in the word, have

indicated

by

some degree

the secondary accent

mark

(i ),

of subordinate accent,

which

may

or

may not

as hesitate 'hez3jtet, hesitation jliEza'tejan.

be

Since

subordinate accent varies from nearly the weakest to nearly the strongest in words where

it

can occur, and varies moreover with innumerable styles of speech, no dictionary can accurately

mark

all instances.

Secondary accent

is

Hence the use

usually

of secondary accent

marked

in

marks here

is

largely conventional.

words with a clear rhythmical alternation

of accents

{satisfy 'saetiSifai, satisfaction jsaetis'faekjan), or

when

compound words whose

as separate words {horseplay 'harsjple), and

parts are also well

known

adjacent to the chief accent in

it is

wherever needed to make the whole accentuation clearer {Winchester ^win^tjEsta^;

Gambia and Gambier

51.

in the vocabulary).

In the vocabulary certain monosyllables that have var>'ing sense

with primary and secondary accents beside forms without accent, to show
stressed in connected speech.

Thus

cf also

Cf 19.

his in its stressed forms

is

marked

stress are

marked

how they would

'hiz, jhiz, as

be

they might

Sense Stress

Stress, Accent,
occur in This

is his jSis iz 'hiz

or His friend was gone jhiz 'frend

stressed form, as in / met his father ai 'met iz

In words where a syllabic

52.

vowel

or

waz

'g3n,

by the

side of its un-

'fatJa^.

by an accented

followed

syllable beginning with a

(ventilation jventl'e/an, ventilate Vent|jet, ordination jordn'efan, ordinary brdrijEri), the

accent

mark

imply that

placed after the

is

or

is

or n, for

accented, which

indicate that part of the

or n

may

would be

it

'lefan, jVEnta'lefan, jordi'ne/an,

in

in a

or a sndden need 'sAdn'nid.

little late 'litl'let

or n, which

nevertheless, not so long as

is,

such words by ignoring the

and transcribing

or n

11

or

jventi-

prda'ne/an, but to assume that such pronunciations are more

usual in cultivated colloquial speech

if

Stetson's laboratory findings

as jventl'ejan, prdn'ejan, but with the understanding

be within the

The problem may be evaded

seldom

placed before (jvent'le/an, prd'nefan), this would

may be carried over to the following syllable, but without being so

markedly doubled or lengthened as

that the syllable division

if

impossible in English.

is

Hence the accentuation must be shown

nn.

is

xxv

merely to shut our eyes to the

is

facts.

(Syllabic

m or g

ever occurs in such situations.)

53. Shifting accent

is

often seen in such

compound

thus marked with the normal accentuation of the word

When

catively as in He's rather high-strung.

{high-strung nerves), the second accent

New

see Webster^s

reduced

is

xxxv

International, pp.

this is

f.,

adjectives as high-strung 'hai'strAg,

when spoken

alone or

{^high- ^strung ^nerves).

66.

when used

predi-

immediately followed by a strong stress

The rhythmic

For

fuller discussion,

factor involved sometimes

brings about permanent changes of accent. Certain adjectives (as cold-blooded) occurring often
in the attributive position

{^ cold-, blooded

^man)

may become

the attributive use, so that some speakers always say

^cold- flooded)

method

of

where others would say

showing

are subject to the

Hribes.

Many

same

shift

when

followed

by a strong

accent, as Shaw^nee but ^Shaw^nee

made emphatic, they

Most adverbs

,absoHutely, ,neces^sarily, ,ordVnarily.

When

brought about by emphasis.

hrdi,narily are

of this type

say firdi^narily, ^neces^sarily under

which means that

is

usually

all

shown

this accentuation

circumstances, even

when

such adverbs as

are likely to be accented

show

this

can English, and in some cases this accentuation has become generalized;

shifted accentuation

For the

shifts are given in the vocabulary.

of shift in accent is

^neces^sarily,

Qcold- flooded ^man, He's

^man, but He's ^cold-^blooded.

vocabulary see 54(2). Other words than compound adjectives

examples of these

Another type
^absofutely,

this in the

^cold- filooded

generalized with the accent of

^cold-, blooded

tendency in Amerii.e.,

many

speakers

these are not emphatic.

The

in the vocabulary thus: "esp. if emphatic jueces'sarily,"

may

occur at any time, and

is

especially apt to occur

under emphasis.

words as afiodehnician,

finastig-

^impenetra^bility, ,incompre^hensible, {incorpo^reity, inJerVority,

where in

Shifting or variable secondary accent often occurs in such

hnatic, ^impecca^bility

longer words the secondary accent precedes the primary.

Here, in actual speech, such alterna-

tive accentuations as afiode^mician or flcade^mician,

flmpenetra^bility or im,penetra^bility,

injerihrity or ,inferihrity are very

pronunciations, but chiefly

show the

common, and do not represent more and

effect of

less desirable

varying sense stress, emphasis, speech rhythm

semantic distinctions, and other constantly varying factors of connected speech, so that in

many

such instances the question which accentuation

54. In the vocabulary, accent

is

preferable

is

irrelevant.

See also 57.

marks are sometimes used on words in ordinary spelHng


Length of Vowels

xxvi

roman type) when

(lightface

desired to

bols, there is

added

+ 'heart 'sore," which means, "Besides

"ace/

the following different accentuation

As

(2)

show only the accentuation,

after a pronuncia-

and accent

at the entry heartsore, where, after the pronunciation

As

(1)

it is

This occurs chiefly in two ways:

tion already given.

is

sym-

also current."

form

at the entry cloven-footed, a

in phonetic

the accentuation just given,

in ordinary spelling

with accent marks

is

added

in

parentheses to show a different accentuation from that already given, especially a shifted

accentuation (53). Thus the basic accentuation

is

shown

but in the attributive construction the accent on -'futid

and

syllable,

same device

shown by the phrase

this is
is

is

in the

pronunciation 'klovan'futid,

reduced before a following stressed

Thus

used to illustrate or confirm the accentuation just given.

and pronunciation week-end,

adj,

rhythm confirms the accentuation

illustrates the shift in accent

Less usually the

in parentheses ('cloven-^footed 'ox).

Vik'End, the

first

example

after the entry

in parentheses

just given ('week-'end /party),

by

speech

its

and the second example

due to a different speech rhythm ('week-^end

The

'trip).

reader

can usually confirm the instances of level-stress accentuation by putting the entry word into a
phrase with predicate construction, as The ox is ^cloven-footed.
Since

it is

impossible in the vocabulary to give such examples of variant accentuation at

every entry where

given that

In

it

it

would be appropriate,

can occur

cases where accent

all

and no other feature

it is

to be understood

from the occasional examples

in all similar cases.

marks are used with

of pronunciation,

lightface

roman

type, only accentuation,

referred to.

is

LENGTH OF VOWELS
55.

As a

cases in
is,

is

time length, or duration, of vowels significant

used to distinguish from each other words otherwise

there,

some speakers distinguishing

very veri

In the

by

a longer

Jtalve

from have haev by a longer

ae,

or vary V8:n from

e.

by a longer

ka:t from cot kat

words

which r has been dropped

ES

sound, as farm farm;

of this kind

when a

or a

farm,

is

there the length

mark

used with a and

a.

On

is

called "short z"

(i)

between "short a"

and

this is therefore

E + fa:m. The

length sign

is

way

of

marking

sometimes omitted in longer words

noticeably shorter, as in impartiality jimpar'/aebti;

r in

not needed; as fear

ES are
fir;

is

used,

it

ES

followed by a
fia(r,

(ia, la,

ES

jimpa'/aebti.

3, aea, aa, oa, ua, ua),

and the length colon

is

therefore only

invariably indicates time length, or duration, not vowel

and therefore has nothing

and "long

(ae)

a convenient

a or a with a resultant lengthening of the vowel

the use of aa in such words see Variants 96.

the length sign

quality, or tamber,

a,

after

Since the other vowels before a silent

When

hae:v

that

Instances are found here and

alike.

E and S, however, some speakers distinguish certain classes of words by vowel length;

e.g., cart

in

In few

rule the length of English vowels is not indicated in the vocabulary.

American English as a whole

i" (ai), or

and "long a"

to

do with such distinctions as between

between "short

ii,"

(a)

and "long "

so-

(ju or lu), or

(e), etc.

In cases Hke Aachen 'akan, 'axan {Ger 'a:xan), in which the vowel a

is

marked long

in the

Order of Variant Pronunciations

foreign pronunciation (where length

not necessarily
its

length

is

mean

is

significant)

that the English vowel

no importance, and hence

of

is

but

left

xxvii

unmarked

in the English, this does

shorter than the foreign one, but merely that

not indicated.

is

SINGLE AND DOUBLE CONSONANTS

In reading the pronunciations the consultant should give particular attention to single

56.

and double consonants. In ordinary

{coaUail) or

when

suffixes are

and not always then

doubled letters in English words commonly repre-

spelling,

sent only single sounds {happy 'haepi,

added

manner

'maena', goodness 'gudnis)

Strict

{laterally 'laetarali).

one sound; two symbols, two sounds. See

3,

heed must be paid to the rule

In some foreign pronunciations added to compare with the English

In Italian when

'tjini,

but It

comes

Its {Tetrazzini

put't/iini),

t/,

ds,

jtetra'zini,

but It

compounds

one symbol,

ts,

(esp. Italian) this

sound (jmanta'sslo), but in Italian

dz are doubled,

tj"

^tetrat'tsiini),

must
it

has

becomes ttf {Puccini Eng pu-

d^ becomes dds {Maggiore Eng ma'dsori, but

Eng

in

('kot^tel, 'einnis),

2d paragraph.

be watched; thus in English, Monticello has but one

two (jmonti't/eMo)

Only

sounds really doubled

{thinness) are the

mad'd3o:re), ts be-

It

dz becomes ddz {mezzo

Eng

'niEdzo,

but It 'meddzo).

THE ORDER OF VARIANT

PRONUNCIATIONS
57.

For words that are

to be the

in general colloquial use

most usual colloquial pronunciation. But

importance should be given to the order. For

it is

it is

it

intended to give

In numerous cases

grounds that one pronunciation given

nunciation of

swamp

is

to give

'liv3',

and

so on.

is

it is

is

believed

none that need be

3'et

they can be

impossible to maintain on any solid

"better" than another, as, for example, that one prois

either better or worse

bg than

lag or Ing, Ueva^ than

better than the others given; that ker for care

than kaer; that 'kagkwest

is

In a very large number of instances the different pro-

nunciations of a word are of approximately equal frequency and validity, and

printed only in successive order.

what

our purpose to give (unless otherwise indi-

cated) only pronunciations that are in general cultivated use

avoided as incorrect or substandard.

first

must be emphasized that not too much

better or worse than 'kankwest,

Often, too, the variants given represent only differences of colloquial style,

depending on occasion, speed, degree of informality,

etc.,

and having no bearing on the ques-

tion of correctness.
58.

tions

that

Where

statistics indicate relative frequency, this

might change the order.

all

words

consistently.

has been recorded; but fuUer

Statistics at present available are often

of a given phonetic or historical class (as the

But that

guistic Atlas of

New

is

not always true.

A proof

of this is

collec-

based on the assumption

"ask" words) will be pronounced

found in the records of the Lin-

England, which show that some words that might be expected to have the

vowel sound a or a (where British prevailingly has a) are seldom heard with a or a
while others of the same group often or prevailingly have a or

(as answer),

d"{a.s calf, half, aunt).

DIRECTIONS FOR USE

READING THE ENTRIES AND PRONUNCIATIONS
Each

59.

entry

head word

entry, or article, in the vocabulary begins with a

by

type, followed without punctuation

roman

in lightface

The

the pronunciation in boldface.'

simplest form of

is

bequest bi'kwEst
with no derivatives and no variant pronunciations.
pronunciation
thus indicated

is

If the

word with the same

found as a proper name (whether or not

also

it is

spelling

the same word),

it is

and

usually

C-

clarion,

which means that

clarion

'klaerian

and Clarion are pronounced

alike.

The proper name may be entered

first:

Cologne,

ka'lon

c-

which means that Cologne and cologne are pronounced ahke.

entry has a current variant spelling, that

If the

is

entered in

would be very near, or has a bearing on the pronunciation,

it

same

entry.

Words

alternatively spelt

-tre

its

in

alphabetical order, unless

which case

it is

given at the

however, always found with those in

are,

-ter

{center).

In the large group of words

like travel{l)ed, the optional

second

/ is

disregarded.

WORDS LISTED UNDER HEAD WORDS

60. If a

word

is

not found in alphabetical order,

ously related head word.

Thus many adverbs

it is

to be looked for

under some obvi-

be found with the corresponding adjectives;

will

as,

holy

'holi Iholily

'hobh,

-lili

This method permits the inclusion of far more words than would otherwise be possible.

word has variant pronunciations not dependent on

61. If a

commas

locality,

they are separated by

every

'evri, 'evari

defect di'ftkt, 'difkt

62.

Commonly,

to

show such variants only the part that

senting such fragments of spelling or pronunciation the

intended.

is

Thus

varies

is

repeated.

hyphen shows which part

de- is the first part, -min- a middle part,

and

-a7it

In repre-

of the

final part.

word

For ex-

ample,

logwood 'bgjwud,

By adding

'lag-, 'log-

the omitted part (here shown in parentheses) to each fragment

we

get 'lag(jwud),

'lDg((Wud) as the 2d and 3d variants.

midday

By

adding the omitted part, with

its

'mid^de, -'de

accent, to the fragment,

we

get ('mid)'de for the 2d

variant.

Lofthouse 'bftas,
3

'loft-,

-^haus

'

In the vocabulary all spelling forms (except catchwords) are printed in light roman type, all pronunciations in
and explanatory matter in italic (except the regional labels E, S, N, etc.). In the solid print of the Intro-

boldface,

duction, italic has to be used for spelling forms (as in general usage); but there also,
their pronunciations are set off

by themselves,

when

these follow the typography of the vocabulary.

spelling forms with

Directions for Use

Adding the omitted part to each fragment, we get

2d, 3d,

and 4th

xxix

'lDft(3s), ('bft)ihaus, ('lDft)^haus as

the

variants.

Naomi
Adding the omitted parts
(ne'o)m3, six variants in

'neajmai, ne'omai, -mi,

all.

Nazareth

Adding the omitted

-ma

two fragments, we get ('ne3)mi, ('ne3)m3, (ne'o)mi,

in turn to the

we

parts,

'naezaraO, -riB, 'naezr-

get, besides the first full pronunciation, ('naez3)ne, 'naezr(36),

'naezr(i6).

ONE ENTRY INCLUDING DIFFERENT WORDS

When more

63.

than one spelling appears at the same entry with the same pronunciation,

same word

these spellings are not necessarily of the

the

word

words

angle includes all the

or part of speech, especially in proper

may represent two or more words spelt and sounded alike. Thus

names. Likewise a single entry

nouns, verbs,

When

with the same pronunciation.

to be fitted only to the appropriate

etc.,

with their different meanings but

all

derivative or inflectional endings are added, they are

meanings or parts of speech, but

this does not affect the

Thus under

pronunciation, and usually need not concern the reader.

angle the form angled

can be the adjective formed from the noun {unde-angled) or the past or past participle of the
verb
{h-e

-es

{it

angled

off),

and the form angling can be the adjective {an angling

is angling with flies), or the

may

be that

of the plural of the

be noun or verb, the ending

ticiple or of

may

noun

-es

{the

noun

angling was good).

path), the participle

At the &ntiy instance the ending

At

or the 3 sg of the verb.

the plural or 3 sg, the ending -ed

intelligence the entry

may

the "apparent participle," the adjective formed from the noun.

be a noun, a verb in the present tense, or the past of the verb

may

be that of the past par-

The entry

slew

slay.

LABELS FOR PARTS OF SPEECH

64.

Only when it concerns the pronunciation are these

there might be doubt whether the various uses of the

labels added, or in a

few cases where

word had the same pronunciation.

DEFINITIONS
65. Instead of labels for parts of speech, frequently definitions are

never

full,

and are used only

to identify the word.

planatory identification that does not define

is

appended.

These are

Definitions are in quotation marks.

Ex-

without quotation marks.

GEOGRAPHICAL AND LINGUISTIC LABELS

66. Geographical labels are often

personal

names

etc., refer

Lodi

When

to place

names

The

to indicate the location, or to

Hnguistic abbreviations Fr, Sp, Ger,

to the pronunciation; thus

means that the various Lodi's

nounced

appended

to indicate residence or nationality.

in

American EngHsh

the linguistic labels

only the foreign pronunciation

US

'lodai; Italy Uodi (7^ 'b:dl)

in the

'lodi;
It,

is

US

are pronounced 'lodai; that Lodi in Italy

and that the ItaKan pronunciation

Fr, etc., precede the first pronunciation, this

given; as,

voyageur Fr vwaja'soerr

is

pro-

is 'bidi.

means that

Directions for Use

XXX

THE VERTICAL BAR AND THE ADDITION OF

INFLECTIONAL AND DERIVATIVE ENDINGS
The

67.

show the uses

following examples

of the vertical bar:

press prS [presses V^esiz [pressed prest

Here the

bar, in its simplest use,

followed in each case by a

is

new

spelling

form

roman

in

t}-pi

with corresponding pronunciation in boldface.

finish 'finij [-es -iz |-ed -t

Here, after the

fragment
spelling

form

It

roman, boldface

to

when

forms before the

the

to

first

The

bar.

mediately preceding forms in

Hyphenated words

its

corresponding pronunciatio

the spelling fragment

(-iz) to

Add

the

to the

first

to the

(-es)

fir;

pronunciation fon

head forms before the

fir;

boldface.

entry does not end in

first

with

(-es)

Add

important to add each fragment (speUing to

tion) to the
-bli

is.

so after the next bar (finish-ed 'fini/-t).

and add roman

is

combining

rule for

and the pronunciation fragment

(finish-es)

and

('fmi/-iz);

bar,

The simple

(-iz).

fragment

bar, follows a spelHng

first

spelling,

and pronunciation

sole exception to this

is

In that case -hly -bb are

-hie -bl.

to pronuncic

the adverb ending

-hi

fitted to the in

See -hly in the vocabulary'.

-hie -bl.

are never thus divided after a bar, but are separately entered as hea

words, to avoid confusing the compounding hyphen with that which separates the fragments
68.

When

the

word

first

in a vocabulary entry

(with the exception noted in 51), as

the bar (|) thus,

69.

There

no

is

given, as in the

entries

is

a monosyllable, no accent mark

But when one

set set \-back -;baek \-ting -ig,

and the

plurisyllables,

set set.

or

more

syllables are

use
afte

then primary accent must be assumed on th

must be read thus:

significance in the fact that

set set

sometimes

\sethack
full

'set^baek \setting 'sEtig.

forms of the derivatives

example, and sometimes fragments, as in the second.

first

is

added

The

ar

editors hav

not sought mere mechanical uniformity, owing to considerations of time, of space, and

They have sought only

other disturbing factors.

casional full forms

may help

70. It should be

with

its spelling

to

make

to

make each

article clear in itself.

The

the abbreviated ones clearer.

noted that a pronunciation fragment need not correspond letter for

fragment

oc

lette

inflate in'flet [-d -id

Here, adding

spelling -d to spelling inflate gives infl.ated,

pronunciation

in'flet gives in'fletid.

and adding pronunciation

-id t

See next example also.

Often, for greater clearness, more than a

minimum fragment

of pronunciation

is

given

flatten 'flaetn |-ed -d |-ing 'flaetnig, -tnig

This

is

show

to

iha.t flattening is

pronounced either

Likewise the frequent adverb ending -ically

is

symmetric si'metrik

Here the
clearer

by

last

-ikli

Some added
in the first
e of

two pronunciations are

letters

may

may be

silent,

|-al -1 |-ally -Ii, -ikli

si'metrik-l-i, si'mstrik-li, the last

than by -h alone, though

entry

'flaet-n-ig (3 syls.) or 'flaet-nig (2 syls.'

thus shown

-Ii

would be

being

made

littl

strictly correct.

as in bar bar \-red -d, where -re- are silent; or letters silen

represent sounds in the addition, as rogue rog

rogue represents a in roguery 'rogari.

\-ry

-an, where the

silen

Directions for Use

71.

Observe cases

like

abut a'bAt

where addition of

-ted

doubles the letter

total

where addition

Thus when
fragment

of -ly doubles the letter

|-ted -id

(abutted) but not the sound

-d

'toti |-ed

it is

to be doubled

(i.e.,

is

(a'bAtid); or like

|-ly -i

but not the sound

(totally)

the final letter of the spelling entry

(total [-ly),

xxxi

('totji).

the same as the

the fragment

is

added

first letter of

regularly).

the spelhng

So, too,

when

pronunciation ends with the same sound that begins the pronunciation fragment,

the

first

this

sound also

to be doubled; as,

is

foreign 'farm, 'far-, 'for-, -an |-ness -nis

This
all

to be

is

expanded into

symbols;

'farinnis, 'farinnis, 'forinnis, 'farannis, 'farannis, 'foranms, in

Whenever space

cases with double n.

allows, such doubled sounds are

shown by doubled

as,

thin 8in [thinned 6ind J-ness 'Oinnis

exceptions to this rule for doubling are such as to give no trouble.

The few

one consists of words ending in

truth true
in

[-'s

-6s |-ths

-?fz,

usual

-Os

which the expanded forms are obviously not truGOs and

trutSz or truGs, since the

The most

-th; as,

combinations GGs and

G?iz

but truGs and

truGtJz or truGGs,

do not occur

in English.

CUTTING BACK
There

72.

rectly to the

are,

however, a great

many words

in

which the fragments cannot be added

di-

head words:
suspicion sa'spijan |-cious -Jas

Here, in order to
letter

make

the proper junction of the spelling fragment,

near the end of the head word to begin the fragment. This

we cut

the spelling -don and replace

off

it

we

take in some

"cutting back."

and replace them with

Cutting back and direct addition are often used in the same word

prude prud
-isli

we must

with -cious (suspi-cious) and likewise cut

the head pronunciation the corresponding sounds -Jan,

Since

call

off

Thus
from

-/as (sa'spi-Jas).

|-dish -if

cannot be added to pnide, we take in the d and add -dish (pru-dish) then, since to
;

add the pronunciation -dij

to

prud would wrongly give 'pruddij, we simply add

-ij"

directly

toprud('prudij). Similarly, in

negative 'negativ

where -d and -d are added

-jvizam)

A
wise

is

directly

added

directly, -vism

[-d

-d [-vism -jizam

has to be cut back (negati-vism), and -jzam (not

to 'negativ ('negativjzam).

"cutback" must always take in more than the

it

would be taken as a

final letter of the

entry form, for other-

direct addition with doubling of the final letter or

exception above at truth, at the end of 71).

73. In

adding

sufl&xes certain

famiHar changes are made, as of -y to

quarry 'kwari

[-ied -d, i.e.,

-i; as,

quarried 'kwarid

or of/ to v; as in

housewife 'haus^waif |-ves -vz,

where

-ves

and -vz are not

i.e.,

housewives 'haus^waivz

directly added, but replace -fe

and

sound

(see the

Directions for Use

xxxii

LISTING OF VERB FORMS

When

74.

the past tense and the past participle of strong ("irregular") verbs are given,

the past regularly follows the

labels

bar,

first

and the past

participle the second bar, usually without

drive draiv |drove drov [driven 'drivan

sing sig |sang saeg or sung saq [sung SAg

When

such verbs end in sibilants, the 3 sg pres precedes the past and pptc:
choose t/uz

If the past

and pptc are

alike,

|-s

-iz

chose tjbz chosen 'tjbzn

|

they are given but once:

shine

/am

shone /on

stand staend [stood stud

fight fait [fought f3t

The

75.

by a

bar, not followed

spelling form,

is

sometimes used at the end of an

separate an added item from the immediately preceding one, and to imply
the whole article

its

article to

application to

road rod

[-ed -id; [iV.gJ+rb"d

THE MAIN REGIONAL DIVISIONS

For indicating American regional pronunciations the well-known division into three

76.

regions

followed, the East (E), the South (S), and, for

is

(N). Geographically the East includes

New York

The South

east of the Connecticut River.

City

want

(NYC) and

includes Virginia,

of a better term, the

environs,

North

and New England

North Carolina, South Carolina,

Tennessee, Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, and parts of

Maryland, West Virginia, Kentucky, and Oklahoma. The North includes the
In the use of the terms E,

S,

N, certain modifications must be kept

in

US.

rest of the

mind. The speech of

the S differs markedly in the more northerly parts from that in the more southerly ones, and
(partly coinciding with this) in the

more inland regions from that

features labeled S are therefore not equally applicable to

Owing

to

movements

of population,

viduals and often considerable groups

the

N. The same

is

and probably
in the S

true in the E, especially

In

Certain

in the coastal ones.

of the S.

also to the schools,

speak a

NYC.

all

innumerable indi-

tj^pe virtuall}^ identical

NEngd

also,

and

with that of

in the southeastern

coastal regions, are certain "speech islands" having a similar type, perhaps preserved,
isolation,

from a time when

it

was more

of speech in all the border areas

general.

by

Allowance must also be made for mixed types

between the main regions. The irregular use of the

sound

is

especially noticeable in the border areas.

It

is

not the function of this dictionary to deal with these more irregular and exceptional

features,

to make a dialect map

concern

is

if

you

will,

is

being done by the L.A.

Thus, when

Our

fiction,

noted that the pronunciations assigned to particular regions are regarded

onl}' as

the ones prevailing there. It

it is

That work

sometliing of a

as all "standard" speech

It should be

of the country.

only with the main types of cultivated American English

it is

is.

unsafe to denj^ the existence of any pronunciation in any region.

is

indicated that in the S the

either 'glori or 'gbn,

it is

word

glory

is

pronounced

'glori,

while in the

not meant that 'gbri does not exist in the

S,

E and

but that ac-

Directions for Use

we have, 'gbn

cording to the evidence

said of the

sound

Evidence does not show that the vowel in such words

there, etc.

The same

principle

is

with the N. The S

E and

the S being in the

sound before

r,

main

words as

air,

widespread in the

S.

the tendency to diphthongize

a"

the

such as the character of the

in certain groups of words, the "long e"

(ae)

many

is

alike in this respect in contrast

E by a number of features,

separated from the

ai diphthongs, the prevalence of "flat

and tempo

in such

of the three regions

most generally observed characteristic

sound, the
is

is

to be applied to all regional pronunciations.

77. Linguistically the

treatment of the

au and

not sufficiently frequent in the S to be recorded as a

is

The same may be

characteristic S pronunciation.

xxxiti

and many features

vowels,

of intonation

none of them equally distributed over the Sfeatures that enable the ordinary

observer to distinguish a Southerner from an Easterner, but not

profitably recorded in a

work with the scope and purpose

all of

them conveniently or

of this.

INDICATION OF REGIONAL PRONUNCIATIONS

and Southern

78. In the vocabulary, the Eastern (E)

from the Northern (N) by semicolons. The pronunciations

labels (E, ES, S,

N, EN,

etc.) are valid for all

(S)

pronunciations are separated

in entries that contain

the US, as delicious di'hjas.

no regional

When an entry
US except

contains a regional label, the unlabeled pronunciations are valid everywhere in the
in the regions designated; thus

glory

means that the

first

'glori,

'glori prevails; or, stated otherwise, 'glori

'glori is so of

'gbn; S

and 'gbn are

perform pa^'fann;

it is

except the

aircraft 'er^kraeft, 'aer-;

US

ES

only

pa'faam

and the S the pronunciation

regularly, for the

'ea-, '^ea-, -jkraft, -jkraft;

N, besides

we

'Er^kraeft,

'ae3|kraeft, 'eajkraft, 'aeajkraft, 'eajkraft, 'aea^kraft; for

Very often two regions (usually

then usually separated only by

and

commas

S)

is

pa^'farm; in the

and

both

E and

N scarce

it is

the S, 'aeajkraeft.
in

common. They

are

sk3s,

ES

pronounced skers or skaers

is

S 'aea^kraeft

get 'aefjkrasft; for the E, 'sajkrieft,

have one or more variants

scarce skers, skaers;

This means that in the

in

E and the N;

pa 'f 33m.

Combining

and

in the S; there only

characteristic of the

the S.

This means that in the

the S

'glori

two pronunciations are both valid everywhere except

pronounced skaeas;

skaess
;

in the

E it is pronounced skeas,
the E it is pronounced

or, stated otherwise, in

sktas or skaeas, while in the S only skaeas prevails. See also board,

ear,

premonitory (80).

ACCENT AS A FACTOR IN COMBINING THE FORMS

79.

Only the forms that agree

in accent are to be

Carew
For the

first

accentuation, besides ka'ru

besides 'keru and 'ke(ru)

we have

combined:

ka'ru, -'riu, 'keru, 'ke-, -riu, -ri

we have

(ka)'riu; for the second accentuation,

('k)riu, ('ke)riu, ('kE)ri, ('ke)n.

empyreal Em'pinal, jEmpa'rial, -pai-

Here the

first

form cannot be combined with -pai- because

this is not accented, as is the corre-


Directions for Use

xxxiv

sponding

Hence only the second form can combine with

-'pi-.

-pai-, thus: (iin)pai('ri3l),

the unaccented -pai- replacing the unaccented -pa-.

bifurcate v 'barfa'jket, bai'fs^ket;

Here the Eastern and Southern fragment

found in

'barfa^^ket,

ES

'barfa-, -'faket, -'fyket

can combine only with the omitted part

'baifa-

with the same accent, thus: 'baifaC/ket). The

combined with the omitted part

two fragments must be

last

having the same accent, thus: (bai)'f3ket,

of bai'fyket,

(bai)'fyket. (For regional pronunciations see 76-78.)

-oas,

E+

which does not include the accent mark,

will

discourse n 'diskors, di'skors, -3rs;

Here the fragment

-ars,

ES

-aas
fit

both of the

first

two

forms without disturbing their accents, thus: ('disk)3rs, (di'sk)3rs; and likewise the Eastern

and Southern fragments: ES

('disk)o9s, (di'sk)o3S, Eastern also ('disk)33s, (di'sk)D3s.

THE PLUS SIGN

The

(+)
means that

in addition to pronuncia-

tions already given, other designated pronunciations are to be heard

from cultivated speakers.

80.

sign (+)

invariably to be read "also."

is

It

This sign does not imply that these additional pronunciations have inferior standing, or neces-

though we have not placed

sarily are less frequent,

before pronunciations

it

markedly in the majority. The following examples indicate the use

hot hat
This means that the word spelt hot
are also

many

is,

E+

parts of the

all

cultivated speakers in the East

who

it is

is

is

pronounced

is

it

faest;

but that there are also

fast or fast.

ES

hoad,

E+

in the

North, but in the East and the South

boad,

in the East, in addition to

ear ir;

nounced ia(r, and

US

pronounced bord or bard

pronounced boad, and

This means that ear

hot.

it

fast, fast

usually pronounce

board bord, bard;

This means that hoard

US, pronounced hat; but that there

and the South who usually pronounce

cultivated speakers in the East

This means that the woxAfast in

to be

ES + hot

in all regions of the

fast faest;

many

known

of the plus sign:

pronounced

ir in

ES

ia(r,

it is

also

pronounced baad.

a(r

the North, but in the East and the South

in the South, in addition to ia(r,

premonitory pri'mana^ton,

Where, as here, the pronunciation after +

S+

baad

is

also

it is

-jtari;

pronounced

-itori,

a fragment,

it is

it is

pro-

a(r.

ES + -'mnnto be taken as a pronunciation

additional to that of the corresponding parts of the preceding forms. In this example. Eastern
has, besides the pronunciations pri'manajtori

pri'monaitori

and

-jtari;

and

which

-itari,

it

shares with the North, also

while Southern has, besides pri'manaitori (but not

-itari),

also

pri'mnnajtori.
It is believed that

any other uses

the reader as they occur.

It

of the sign +,

if it

is

merely read "also,"

should be noted that a pronunciation with

will

be clear to

prefixed

is

never

the sole pronunciation of the word.

JOINING REGIONAL FRAGMENTS TO FIRST FORMS

81. In fitting fragments to
fitted to the

forms before the

first

corresponding regional forms before the

woodwork Vud,wyk; ES 'wud^wsk,

bar, the regional fragments are to be

first

bar; as,

-^wa^k; |-er

-at-;

ES

-a(r

Directions for Use

Expanding the fragments

after the bar,

we

xxxv

get

woodworker Vud^wyka^; ES Vud^wskair, 'wudjW3'k9(r

in

N fragment

which the unlabeled

the

ES fragment

For the meaning

of

unlabeled (N) pronunciation, and

fitted to the first

-9- is

two ES pronunciations.

-3(r is fitted to the first

see 82.

(r

LINKING r THE MEANING OF

When

82.

pronunciations are thus indicated,

there tJe3(r, tJaeaCr,

fur

war W33(r, more mo3(r, poor pu3(r,

sounded and these words are pronounced

-3(r, -a:(r, -3(r

far

3(1,

fa:(r, bitter 'bit3(r, Iiere hi3(r,

means that

this

(in

is, fa:, 'bita, hid, 'Sea, (Jaea,

the

and

vowel sound follows, either in the same word (by addition of an ending, as furry
'bitanst) or in a
bitter

word that

The

end 'bitar end).

tinguished American:

When

effect of

over,

and

pause on linking

and

over,

and a vowel sound

needy pur an

is

it

This alternative

the r

added

is

Some

word (wore

ice

a vowel within a word

83.

In vocabulary

The rule is

observed.
in the

and

S;

if it

moa

'leba(r

When

-ed -d

beside

the

the

entries,

'leba-rig.

ES

the -a(r

-a(r,

to be understood as replacing

is

pronounce linking

to

before an initial vowel of the

war ends hwen Sa waa endz). Omission of

when pronunciation fragments

'leba^;

ES

are added, the use of

'lebar or 'leba according as a

-ig is

N pronunciations are
of the

When,

added, with

lows -a(r and therefore r

is

not heard in the

must be

is

sounded

and

S:

vowel sound immediately follows or not.

(e silent),

we

are to understand

vowel sound, then the r

its

is

ES

'lebad

sounded and

alike 'lebrirj or 'lebarig.

N in words
-a^,

/amer

like labor 'leba^,

since there

as often, laboring

Likewise in the entry

is

(r

'leba(r; |-ed -d |-ing -brig, -barirj

added, being a consonant sound

but when -ing

r before

regarded as substandard.

is

is

no

when a vowel sound

significant difference

contracted, then vowel

'faeria^;

derivative farriery becomes 'faerian, which

is

ES

'faeri-a(r; \-y -i,

also right for the

a^

is

between

added

'leba^-ig

becomes consonant

the pronunciation of the

E and

S,

because a vowel

fol-

retained.

INTRUSIVE
85.

and

to a (hiar'in, hiar it iz, moar'ova, 'puarist,

begins with a consonant sound, the r

For the pronunciation

('lebrig).

therein

it iz,

{laboring 'lebarig), then -ar replaces

and

hir

it is

ais, poorest 'purist, poor

simple If the added fragment begins with a vowel sound, the r

means

'leba^d ;

ES and

84.

is

fail

ais, wlien the

('ve-i for 'veri) is

labor

Here ES

mor

more moa(r,

pronunciation.

speakers, especially in the S,

following

'ovar a 'gen.

to be understood in all similar cases.

is

In such words as adjure a'dsur, a'dsiur;

and

'ova,

goz, moreover mor'ova, more ice

'nidi), or, less usually,

the final r of the

an

syllable, as in here hia(r, there SaeaCr,

added, then r either replaces a {lierein hir'in, here

goes Saer

'fsri, bitterest

wet, far away far a Ve,

tJa far iz

seen in the following utterance of a dis-

r is

over again 'ova,

same

-a(r follows a vowel in the

tJaer'in, tJiere it

etc.).

follows without pause {the fur is wet

S) r is not

waa, moa, pua unless a

Though not recorded

in the vocabulary, intrusive r

is

appropriately described here.

Following the regular habits of his speech a cultivated Easterner or Southerner might normally

pronounce
dropping

it

straighter

and

straighter 'stretar

at the end. Following the

same

an

'streta,

habits, he

sounding

final r before

might pronounce

strata

the vowel and

on strata

'stretar

Directions for Use

xxxvi

Dn

sounding

'streta, likewise

r before

Both procedures are un-

the vowel and not at the end.

conscious and phonetically natural.

When
when

the final r

it is

spelt (slraiglder)

is

not spelt but

of intrusive r

among

is

ending in the sound -a

Its use

Southerner said

tSis

it is

perhaps

It is

less

is

perhaps

who

The frequency

no longer a matter

is

to

show

it

said a 'greta

San 'dsonar

of

Words

than are those ending

less consistent than that of linking

'maeta iz 'difrant

called Linking r;

frequent in the S than in the E.

more apt

Victoria, sofa, idea) are

it is

called Intrusive r.

cultivated Easterners, Southerners, and British

doubt except to the uninformed.

other vowels.

and pronounced before a vowel

pronounced before a vowel,

in

The same educated

r.

iz hia.

WORD ELEMENTS OMITTED FROM THE VOCABULARY

To

86.

save space and relieve the reader from the distraction of needless information,

words having certain

with regular pronunciation are often omitted from the vocabu-

suffixes

lary; as those with -doi7t (heathendom), -Jwod (motherhood), -ish (darkish), -ment (announcement).

See 89.

The

87.

words ending

in

of

a sibilant sound

and the possessive sound

The

nouns, the third person singular present indicative of verbs,

-(e)s plural of regular

and the possessive case ending

alike,

nouns are regularly omitted from the vocabulary, except for

z,/, 3, t/, ds),

(s,

only one

is

where they are regularly given.

If the plural

given. If they differ, both are given (see house).

possessive plural of regular nouns, formed

by adding the apostrophe

(')

but no sound,

is

omitted.

Certain nouns ending in a s or z sound closely preceded by a s or z sound vary in current

usage in forming the possessive. Unfortunately some printing shops follow their

and do not always agree with others or with general usage. Current

this,

is set

New

forth in Webster's

International Dictionary, Second Edition, at the

and the present work follows

The

this,

own

rules in

literary usage in this

with a very few exceptions where usage

is

word

possessive,

divided.

following rules, fully illustrated, will enable the reader to form the regular plural of

nouns, the possessive case, and the third singular of verbs, in

all

cases where these are not

recorded in the vocabulary.

and Possessive Singular

and the Third Singular Present of Verbs

88. Pronunciation of the Plural

Rule

I.

Add

1.

when

the sound s

nant sounds

p,

k,

t,

noun or verb ends

in

any

Nouns

of the voiceless conso-

Examples follow:

Plural of nouns.

caps

kaep-s, gates get-s,

leaves livz, oath 06

2.

the stem of the

f, 6.

of

Possessives in

-'s

oaths

oaks
oSz

follow the

ok-s, clijfs klif-s, growths gro6-s.

will

same

Words

like leaf

lif

be found in the vocabulary.

rule.

Philip's 'filap-s, Kate's ket-s, Isaac's 'aizak-s, Joseph's 'dsozaf-s, Edith's 'idi0-s.
3.

Third singular present indicatives follow

keeps
Rule

II.

tlie

same

rule.

kip-s, gets get-s, looks luk-s, chafes tfei-s, froths fraO-s.

Add

the sound z

nant sounds b,

when

d, g, v,

tJ,

the stem of the

m,

n, 0,

1,

or in

noun or verb ends

any vowel sound

in

(all

any

of the voiced conso-

vowel sounds are voiced)

Directions for Use

1

xxxvii

Plural of nouns.

robes rob-z, beds btd-z, rogues rog-z, stoves stov-z, lathes leS-z, rims rim-z, bones
bon-z, things Oig-z, balls bal-z; (vowels) seas

laws b-z, hoes ho-z, values

papers
2.

'pepa'-z,

Possessives in

sofas

-'s

'sofa-z, ties tai-z,

follow the

si-z, citi-es 'siti-z,

Vaelju-z, s fives Su-z, furs fy-z, fs-z,

same

cows kau-z,

days

mas ma-z,

de-z,

bars bar-z (26), ba:-z,

/oy-5 t3i-z, C2fe-5 kju-z, kiu-z.

rule.

Rob's rab-z, Adelaide's 'aedljed-z, Meg's meg-z, Olive's ^aliv-z, Blythe's blaitS-z, Tom's

tam-z, John's dsan-z, Harding's 'hardig-z. Will's wil-z; (vowels) Lee's

Ray's re-z, ma's ma-z, Esau's

^bti-z,

li-z,

Betty's

Joe's d3o-z, Andrew's 'aendru-z. Burr's

'isD-z,

by-z, b3-z, Wilbur's 'wilba'-z, Sarah's 'sera-z, Nye's nai-z, Howe's hau-z, Roy's rai-z,

Hugh's hju-z, biu-z.

3.

Third singular present indicatives follow the same

rubs rAb-z, hides haid-z, lags

rAn-z, sings

siij-z, feels fil-z;

laeg-z,

rule.

saves sev-z, breathes briS-z, comes kAm-z, runs

(Rules I

&

II also apply to the pronunciation of

Plurals, possessives in

the

63-z,
tri-es

allows a'lau-z, employs im'pbi-Zj hews hju-z, hiu-z.

trai-z,

Rule III.

thaws

subpoenas sa'pina-z,

(vowels) sees si-z, piti-es 'piti-z, stays ste-z,

go-es go-z, woo-es wu-z, stirs sty-z, sts-z, scatters 'skaeta^-z,

-'s,

and

sibilants s, /, t/, z, 3, ds,

third singulars of

-'s,

the unstressed form of

is,

has.)

words ending in the remaining sounds,

are regularly given

in the vocabulary.

These add the

syllable -iz or -az (for variation in the vowel, see -ed in the vocabulary) faces 'fes-iz,
:

Nash's

^naef-iz, catch-es 'kaet/-iz,

noses

'noz-iz,

rouges

'rus-iz, George's 'dsards-iz.

PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES TREATED IN THE VOCABULARY

89. Following

is

list

of

word elements,

chiefly initial or final,

many of which have

variant

pronunciations. These elements are treated in the vocabulary in alphabetical order.

Where they

are not found attached to head words in the vocabulary (as pridefiil, cf pride),

the reader can add

their

them with

their pronunciations. If they are

head words, variant pronunciations not

found

listed at the full

in the

vocabulary with

word can be found by con-

sulting the separate element in the vocabulary, as, e.g., at goodness (see -ness) or at mate
(see -ed).

-able

-edly

-hood

-age

-edness

i-,

-ally see -ically

em-

-ia

see en-

-i-

-ana

en-

-ial see -ia

-ate

-er

-ian see -ia

-ative

-es

-ible see -able

be-

-ese

-ically

-bly

-ess

-d see -ed

-est

-iel see -ia

de-

-et

-ien see -ia

-dom

ex-

il-

e-

-ey see -y

im- see in-

-ed

-ful

-ie see

-y

'

'

in-

see in-

Variants

xxxviii
-ing
-io, -ion,

-ious see -ia

-ment

-ship

-ness

-sia

-or

-sion

-ous

-some

-ity

-ow

sub-

-ius see -ia

pre-

-tia

-ive

pro-

-tion

un-

-ish

-ism

-less

re-

-like

-ry

-ly

-s see

-man

se-

up-

wh-

es

-y

VARIANTS
90.

Certain classes of variant pronunciations found in cultivated American speech are de-

scribed here in order to avoid excessive complication of the vocabulary entries. These variants

are only those in wide use

by cultivated

and do not include those confined to

speakers,

local

dialect or substandard speech.

MEDIAL UNACCENTED
91.

Medial unaccented short

When

{editor 'edita', 'tdota^).

from

to 3

not followed

i-, -i-

92.

i,

When

the vowel sound

{radiate, oceanic,

in

But

may become

fragmentary 'fraegm3njteri

-a- in nearly all

of a suffix, this
\-ly -li

words

change

= 'fraegman^terili

BEFORE ANOTHER VOWEL

(variously spelt)

is

immediately followed by another vowel

Ephraim, periodic, radio, medium, immediate), the

and thus might properly be shown as in

I'midiit.

a vowel

b}^

becomes medial by the addition

in the vocabulan,'.

UNACCENTED
sound

must often be assumed, as

See also

or -jtErali.

i i

final

-i-

VedijCt, jo/i'aenik,

'if

this w'ould greatly complicate the vocabulary, especially

from the head word, as in study 'stAdi

extent of the variation of the

i.

\-ing 'stAdiig,

This variation

is

reading a transcription like I'midiit the variation

THE

and even

so

therefore not
w'ill

be

sound tends toward

riam, jpiri'adik, 'redijO, 'midiam,

made

when

derivatives vary

would not

shown

fully

show the

in the vocabulary. In

automatically.

SOUND {WAR, HORSE, ALL)

93. In most of America o appears to be rather unstable. In most positions except before
final or r

tion

is

plus a consonant

{icar, horse), o

reported from Canada.

{walnut, Waldo, salt),

which

varies with

many

speakers to o or a.

In words in which the sound occurs before

in Brit

have either

o or d, the variants

similar varia-

plus a consonant

a and d are

verj-

common

in America.

In

New

England o

is

an extremely

common

substitute for

one phoneme (usually of d quality) in such words as

of these widespread variants, our collections
of the standard historical 3

souna

cot

a,

man}^ speakers having onh"

and caught or

collar

and

caller.

In spite

appear to justify the somewhat regular recording

in the appropriate words.

Variants
8
94.

In words

FOR

like carry

IN CARRY,

se

Many

'men.

'tjaerati,

comparison kam'paerasn,

before r plus a vowel, a widespread pronunciation with e

(as)

('ken, 'men, 'tjErati, kam'perasn)

younger generations.

CHARITY

marry 'maen, charity

'kaeri,

having historical "short a"

xxxix

is

heard

in the

of these speakers

North and Canada,

especially

from the

pronounce marry, merry, and Mary

New England

This variant appears to be rare in the South, and for

all alike

the L.A. shows

only a very small percentage with .

DREARY, WEARY, YEAR

95.

In words

is

to lower the

to

mediate vowel somewhat nearer to

consonant

formerly having the vowel sound

like dreary, weary,

general tendency

(year, beard), the

sound

i,

some speakers use the higher

than

is

less

is

the

of

When

bit.

words

like form

ES

farm;

while the

is final

inter-

or followed

by a

apt to occur.

39(r

faam, both pronunciations faam and f3:m are used in the

East and the South. In the vocabulary only 33

plication that in such

r,

and many use an

the r

EASTERN AND SOUTHERN

96. In

before the

i,

is

This

given.

words the vowel varies between 33 and

is

o:,

done, however, with the imso that for speakers

who do

not usually pronounce 33 in such words the symbol 33 must be taken also to suggest

In longer words 33
is

shown

in such a

is

more

word

likely to

be reduced to

as formality far'maelati;

The same speaker may say f33m

in

3,

ES

especially

if

f3'mael3ti.

3:.

unaccented. This reduction

No

sharp line can be drawn.

one breath and f3:m or fsm in the next, according to style

of speech.

EASTERN AND SOUTHERN

97.

In words

after the

like

a (fasm,

and South, however,

father 'fa'S3(r

say lasds for

it is

this

and farther

pronunciation a3(r

after o,

farm fann; ES fa:m,

fa3(r) than after 3 in

large,

is

is

ES

like form

fa:(r,

'fa3'83(r,

an 3 ghde

is less

commonly heard

(ham). With some speakers

consciously present, so that there

commoner

but

or far far;

words

a9(r

is

in the

even when the words are of equal length. As with

in the shorter

'la:d33(r for larger.

words than

East

a definite distinction between

in longer ones.

This glide 3 after a being

33(r, the

Thus a speaker may

much

less

frequent than

not shown in the vocabulary.

WORDS LIKE BOARD

98. Besides the two types bord and b3rd, regularly shown in the vocabulary, a pronuncia-

tion of board

is

heard from some speakers, especially in the North, with a vowel sound about

midway between

o and 3 (phonetic symbol Q, a lowered o or a raised

pronounce the same vowel Q

that in their speech hoarse

nounce

from
*

all

is

in

words

Uke

q,

3).

Such speakers

(pronounced by others h3rs,

horse, boarder is like border, etc.

such words uniformly with

horse, etc.,

like horse, forvi

Thus

also

f3rni), so

these speakers pro-

while other speakers that do not distinguish hoarse

pronounce them uniformly with

3.^

See Kenyon, American Pronunciation, 8th ed. 366-372.

Variants

xl

EASTERN AND SOUTHERN VOWEL IN BIRD

In words

99.

In both the

stead of

3,

and the

S,

and

saying byd, 'fySaCr (not 'fsSa nor

is

'fySa-),

bsd,

in-

with r-coloring in the accented vowel.

It

heard from those who otherwise "drop their

r's,"

confined to the stressed vowel. In this type of pronunciation the 9 in JurtJier remains

it is

who say

3 as with those

Thus such speakers would pronounce The furtlier

'f s'Sa.

part is better

'fySa pa:t iz 'beta.

tia

known

This fact has long been

strated for

New England by

fied

by the present

ES

represented for

100.

except

own

NYC
is

same combination

i,

so that a

many

used by

followed only

final (fur) or

word

3i in bird (popularly

speech; and in the South

and

it is

is

like bird is

in

by an

101. In the East, especially

many

it is

NYC

But the

New

by people

of unquestioned cultivation.

But

it is

ae, a,

and

England and

Since this variant

is

a
(father, bar, calm)

highly characteristic of

less

common

words, and

words

spelt with a that

a.

is

The

is

New

then to be

New York

City

E+

is
is

regularly

in

s, f,

or 6

which British usu-

editors' collections clearly in-

laugh, aunt), the sound ae in these

at least as frequent as a,

fast, fast.

Virginian, see next section) varies

and the present

lialf, calf,

AND

followed by a voiceless fricative

commonly Eastern

findings of the L.A.

In the vocabulary this variation

shown by use

words

in

and usually more frequent than

of the plus sign,

meaning "also,"

For other uses of the plus sign see 80.

Malone, Studies for William A. Read, University, La.,

served by others.

a,

by a nasal plus a consonant (example, demand),

as at the word/a^/ faest;

Kemp

AND

similar sound, but less prevalent, has been

not invariably recorded with

dicate that, with a few exceptions (cf

See

England, the sound a when spelt with a

ally has a. Eastern pronunciation (less

is historicall}''

commonly regarded

possible variant.

102. In the class of

a.

sound,

educated speakers there, who recognize the sound in their

speakers toward the sound a.

(ask, chaff, bath) or

New

City, a former

pronounced b3id.^

EASTERN VARIATION BETWEEN ae,

IN WORDS LIKE ASK

between

with

usually recorded, either in the vocabulary or in a page heading over the ap-

propriate words.

assumed as a

New York

but wrongly represented as boid)

unknown.

also used

reported from near WilHamsburg, Va.

England,

3^

fully veri-

inflectional ending (furs), is

EASTERN VARIATION BETWEEN

varies with

of

These facts have been

City.

in various parts of the South,

when

connected with the Southern sound

as local dialect,

New York

FOR THE VOWEL IN BIRD

changed into something like

Whether the

heard in

is

Hence, in the vocabulary such words as fiirtliennore are regularly

editors.

With many speakers

3,

has also recently been demon-

it

as 'f33^Jmo^^r, 'fySajinoaCr.

31

sound after

Southern speech, but

for

the workers on the L.A., and the

otherwise "r-less" pronunciation

is

however, a very large number of speakers pronounce

to be noted that this pronunciation

is

pronunciation for Eastern and Southern

like bird, further the first

'f3'3a(r.

19-10, p. 137.

The same

fact has also

been ob-

Variants

xli

WORDS LIKE ASK IN EASTERN VIRGINIA

The words

103.

in the vicinity of

referred to in the preceding section (ask,

Richmond and Williamsburg,

quently with a. This pronunciation appears to be somewhat

The

historical

Yet

locahsm.

and cultural im.portance

to

list

less

common now

this pronunciation of those

the item

with a,

"E +

-a-,

less often

It is therefore to

words as a regular variant

same variant
of a
of

and

NYC

is

as complicate the

be understood at those entries of such words containing

a.

FOR

FATHER

IN

104. In parts of the South the a sound as in father 'fatJaCr

(all)

weU

merely as a

Southern pro-

for

-a-" that in eastern Virginia such words are also sometimes pronounced

with

rection of 3

than formerly.

of this region precludes regarding this

nunciation as a whole would give a disproportionate impression, as

vocabulary entries.

path, chance, etc.),

last, craft,

Va., are often pronounced with a, less fre-

without wholly reaching

becoming common

in

o,

is

retracted or raised in the di-

but resembling the intermediate d (12).

New York

As a

City.

result,

we sometimes

The

find the roles

apparently reversed, a being pronounced d and o being pronounced a. Thus a native

pronounced margm 'mD:d3in and Arthur

'd:63,

while in the same breath he pronounced

Conning Tower 'kanig^taua.

VARIANTS OF THE DIPHTHONG

105. For the vowel sound in out, ground, one

an inclusive symbol, here serving for

symbol au

all varieties of this

speech. Outside of the South the principal varieties are

varies slightly toward 3.
difference.

au and au are

is

used

au

in the vocabulary.

This

is

diphthong in cultivated American

au and au. In au the

so nearly alike that

first

element often

most hearers do not notice the

These two show no important geographical distribution, and often vary from

speaker to speaker.

A common variant, very general, is a for au before r {our aur, ar).

106. In the South are several varieties.

but there are geographical and sometimes

These never distinguish words otherwise

social distinctions.

found in Virginia and bordering North CaroHna.

The most

In Virginia, mainly east of the Blue Ridge,

a diphthong approximately su (often written au but with stressed

voiceless consonants {out sut, house hsus),

whUe

{ground graeund, houses 'haeuziz, cow kaeu).

aeu varies to

au

or au.

aeu

3U

is

first

element)

e.g.,

is

used before

used before voiced sounds and

varies somewhat, especially to

Besides, the influence of analogy often breaks

before voiceless and voiced sounds, giving,

alike,

striking of these are

down

au

the distinction

houses 'hauziz, or haeus

house hsus

In the western and southwestern parts of Virginia the tendency

is

finally

or ou.

'haeuziz.

to use aeu in all positions,

with variation to au or au.

Perhaps owing in part to the influence of eastern Virginia, similar varieties are occasionally
found in other parts of the South, but appear not to prevail there. The commonest varieties
for the

comes

South as a whole are aeu and au, with intermediate shades.

aea

The form

aeu often be-

{down daeun, daean).

E. F. Shewraake, "Laws of Pronunciation in Eastern Virginia," Mod. Lang. Notes, xi, 8 (Dec. 1925), pp.
489-492. See also American Speech, xvni, 1 (Feb. 1943), pp. 33-38.

Guy

S. Lowmaa, "The Treatment of au in Virginia," Proc. oj the Second International Congress of Phonetic SciCambridge, 1936, pp, 122-12S.
Argus Tresldder, "Notes on Virginia Speech," American Speech, xvi, 2 (April 1941), pp, Ua^lie,
Unpublished laaterialin the i.^. was also consulted.

ences,

Variants

xiii

Nova

In parts of Canada (Ontario,

and probably elsewhere) a

Scotia,

haus

similar to that of eastern Virginia, the singular of house being

distinction

is

found

hous and the plural

or

^hauziz or 'hauziz.

VARIANTS OF THE DIPHTHONG

107.

As with au,

so only one

symbol

is

ai

used in the vocabulary for the "long i" soimd

South the principal varieties are ai (with a often varying

{white hwait, rise raiz). Outside of the

sHghtly toward 3) and ai.

ai

The comments on

au apply

the relation of au to

to that of ai to ai.

108. In the South the varieties partly behave like those of au. In Virginia east of the Blue

Ridge

many

speakers use a sound approximately ai (varying toward 31) before voiceless con-

sonants {white hwAit, wife wAif) but ai before voiced consonants and finally

In some other parts of the South

waivz, high hai).

{rise raiz,

wives

Carohnas) a similar distinction

(as in the

found.

is

Another

distinction, found, e.g., in Virginia

and the Carolinas and probably elsewhere,

the use of ai or ai before voiceless consonants {wife waif, WAif), but simple a or a: before

is

voiced and finally {wives wavz, wa:vz,

less

frequently a, for ai

is

South Carolina, Texas,

distinction WAif

fairly

etc.).

As with au,
waivz

is

also

common in many parts of

As with au, analogy

waivz or waif

For the South as a whole ai

why hwa, hwa:, mighty

wavz,

may safely be

The

tired 'mAiti ta:d).

simple

a,

the South (Virginia, North Carolina,

(as wife

wives)

down

tends to break

yielding such pairs as waif

waivz

or waf

the

wavzJ

taken as the prevailing sound.

so with ai a distinction similar to that in Virginia

between wife WAif and wives

found in Ontario and eastern Canada, probably reflecting a situation foimd

in several Scottish dialects.

VARIATION BETWEEN
109. In

words containing "long

there

i^"

complicated to be fully described here.*

is

like duty, 7iew

words

like accuse

have but two pronunciations

have but one

a'kjiiz.

variation between the sounds ju, lu,

Some misunderstanding has

alence of the diphthong lu in cultivated American English.

words

AND

ju, lu,

either

and u too

existed as to the prev-

Apparently

many

suppose that

djuti or duti, nju or nu; or that

Grandgent, however, long ago demonstrated the

frequency of lu in America' in collections that showed lu in 35 to 60 per cent of the speakers

tested, according to the class of
findings.

Grandgent

somewhat (symbol
more

stress

on

i)

Other American observers have confirmed his

diphthong as

with tongue drawn back

followed by u with tongue pushed forward (symbol a), and either having

than on a or having about equal stress on both elements, and with the a

usually longer than the

The same speaker

ceives less stress

words used.

also accurately described the

i.

often varies between lu

and thus becomes more

veloped from Early

Modern

lu in all

like

and

ju, for lu easily

consonantal

j.

words that now have

It

ju,

shades into ju as the

re-

was thus that modern ju

de-

and many

tained the older lu (except initially) along with other features of Early

Shewmake and

Tresidder, as cited above, footnote 6.

See

See Kenyon, American Pronunciation, 8th ed., 341-350.

Mod. Lana.

Notes, vi, 8 (1891), pp. 466-467,

.Ajnericans

Modern

have

English.

re-

Variants
In one variant of

lu

and

this

this

diphthong the

an advanced u

position for

u; as brewed

are used

first

element has the tongue drawn back as far as to the

that the diphthong merges into a monophthongal a.

(h), so

by many Americans

bnud, brd,

xliii

to distinguish

from brood brud, or

distinct

Both

words from similar words that have

lute hut, lt, distinct

from

loot lut.

Present knowledge of the distribution and prevalence of ju, lu, and u in the words con-

Such

cerned does not always permit of an accurate order of frequency in the vocabulary.
order as has been verified

For example,

there shown.

is

assume are prevailingly pronounced with

u.

But

in the

it

appears certain that words like

main

all

that

is

attempted

to give

is

the three (or two) current sounds (duty 'djuti, 'diuti, 'duti; blue blu, bliu; accuse a'kjuz, a'kiuz)

without insistence on order of frequency,

the pronunciations being in cultivated Ameri-

all

can use.
In the vocabulary the symbol lu

is

always to be taken to mean m. See 40, 41.

UNACCENTED U IN WORDS LIKE CALCULATE,

CONGRATULATE, EDUCATE,
NATURE, VERDURE
110. In familiar speech unaccented

ti

as in calctdate

unless another vowel follows {evacuate iVaekjujet).

most commonly

is

between

It often varies

-ja- ('kaelkjajet)

-ja-

and

-ju- ac-

cording to style of speech.

In colloquial pronunciation of words

most commonly are

and -dsa-

vowel follows {eventuate I'vEntJu^et, graduate 'graedsu^et).

ending -ture
is

is

ES

usually -tj*,

usually -A'^^,

ES

unaccented

like congratulate, educate,

-t/a- (kan'graetjajet, -'graet/u-)

International Dictionary, Second Edition,

'netJaCr),

and -dure

See Webster^ s

-tJV or -t/ur according to style or to familiarity of the

'nuniatja^, 'miniajt/ur).
Initial

If -ture

unaccented "long w"

is

SOUTHERN

111. In parts of the South the

or tends in the direction of,

has a light accent then

over the South and apparently

is

is

of e before

mm,

sound g

When
if

-jt/ur {literature 'litara^t/ur).

m,

n, or g {stem,

men, length)

bokO). This pronunciation

not equally acceptable in

all

AND

is final

replaced by,

it

OR

usually represents the

in congress 'kaggras.

bearing on acceptability and

For the substitution

of

is

for

is

much wavering between n and g

therefore often not

shown

in the vocabulary.

in -ing words, see -ing in the vocabulary.

Concord

unmarked

'kagka^d (compare the pronunciation 'kankard, where the final syllable has an

subordinate accent). In other situations there

Its

it.

BEFORE

and wholly unaccented, as

is

not equally distributed

types of Southern speech.

the letter n ends the syllable before a k or a g sound,

the next syllable

is

not intended to imply disapproval of

VARIATION BETWEEN
112.

is

-ture is

'minitja^,

BEFORE NASAL SOUNDS

sound

(stim,

omission from the vocabulary

it

word {miniature

ju- or ju- according to style {unite ju'nait, ju'nait).

FOR

New

Guide to Pronunciation, 249, seventh paragraph.

In words of three or more syllables not accented on the penult the unaccented ending

commonly

-du-

In dissyllables the unaccented

common words {nature 'netja'; ES

'vydsa^, -d5ur; ES -dsaCr, -d3U3(r).

-tj3(r, in

-d33(r {verdure

and

-tu-

('edsajket, 'edsu-), unless a

that has no

Variants

xliv

THE SOUNDS OF WH
113. In

the

words

spelt

with wh (whale hwel, when hwn, wheel hwil,

h element and pronounce

wen;

This

wheel, weal wil; etc.

whole, but

it

making homophones

plain w, thus

etc.)

many

speakers omit

America as a

clearly not the prevaihng pronunciation for

is

when, wen

of whale, wail wel;

appears to be somewhat on the increase, perhaps owing to the influence of South-

ern British speech.

In the vocabulary only

hw

is

See also wh- in the

given for such words.

vocabulary.

SYLLABIC
114. In a great

many words

there

most usual

'haepan, 'haepn, 'haepm

(when -pm

am

an,

al,

frequent variation between a syllabic consonant and

Examples

given.

is

is

In the vocabulary, as a

3 plus a nonsyllabic consonant.

loquially

VARYING WITH

m,

n,

1,

results

rule,

only the one deemed to be col-

of such variation are: apple

from assimilation

of -pn,

'aepl,

happen

'aepal;

-pam never occurs)

trouble

'trAbl, 'trAbal; buckle 'bAkl, 'bAkal; struggle 'strAgl, 'strAgal; castle \sesl,^kses3\; drizzle

Mnzl,

prism 'prizam, 'prizm (see -ism in the vocabulary) wa.?ow 'mesn, 'mesan; prison 'pnzn,

'drizal;

'prizan ; bacon 'bekan, 'bekn, 'bekg (see 24,

ma'nap!i,ma'napab;o6e/w^

'abl^isk,

3d

par.)

wagon 'waegan, 'waegn, 'waegg monopoly

;

'aba^hsk (for the accent see 52); assassinate a'sjesn^etf

a'saesajnet.

But
forms

in
is

'bidn,

many

words, while

it is

phonetically possible to pronounce either form, one of the

decidedly prevalent and the other either rare or un-Enghsh.

little 'litl,

cradle 'kredl,

and such words

Thus

wouldn't 'wudnt in standard speech are not pronounced 'katan, 'hidan,

btant, 'kudant, 'wudant.

when

An

the syllabic consonant

alternative pronunciation with

is final

and

the tongue point or of the lips (-tn, -dn,

chiefly after the

is

follows a consonant
-tl, -dj, -nl).

homorganic p (open 'opm, keep

not syllabic after

(bottom 'batam) or

cotton 'katn, hidden

as didn't 'didnt, oughtn't btnt, couldn't 'kudnt,

'evi

-al,

made with

Syllabic

'kipm) or

is less

b (album

'kredal, 'didant,

'lital,

-am

-an,

is

much

usual

less

the same position of

frequent and

is

heard

'aelbm, rob 'em 'rabm).

d (Adam 'aedam), though the a

may be

verj- quick.

Nasals are not syllabic after nasals (common 'kaman, venom Venam, cannon 'kaenan, minimum

'minamam)

or after

syllabic after

(stolen 'stolan or stoln

nd (London 'Undan), but

is

with nonsyllabic n, column 'kalam). n

often so after nt (mountahi 'mauntn).

is

not usually

Consonants

are not syllabic after vowels.

In medial position alternation

is

frequent even after homorganic consonants (fatally

'fetli,

Adelaide 'aedljcd, 'aedaled; scrutiny 'skrutni, 'skrutani; ordinal 'ardnal, brdanal).

'fetali;

Thus

In some cases the difference distinguishes words otherwise aUke.

in Eastern

and

Southern, 'saetn means "satin," while 'saetan means "Saturn"; 'bitn means "bitten," while

means "bittern";

'bitan

'faamli

'paetn

means "formally," while

means "paten"
'faamali

or "patten," while 'p^etan

means "pattern";

means "formerly."

ADDITION OR OMISSION OF CONSONANTS

115. Certain consonant sounds are inserted or omitted very generally in

which are not regularly shown as variants in the vocabulary. Thus a

between n and the

sound (sense sens, sents,

like cents sents),

Waenjan, 'maent-Jan, intention in'tenjan, in 'tent -/an,

American EngUsh

sound

is

often inserted

between n and J (mansion

cf luncheon 'Untjan),

between n and d

Spelling Pronunciation
{ninth nainO, naintO, tenth tend, tentG),

between

{false fals, folts, Vikt faults),

tween

m and

between

and/

is

often omitted between

hke feels). The

{fields flldz, filz,

first

luncheon 'lAntJan, 'Un/an) or after

often omitted after

n and

When

is

added

to

cf

words

'kaemfa', 'kaempfa^, cf campfire).

Walsh, Welsh), and the

less

frequently after

REPLACING

between

and

n {bench bentJ, benj,

often omitted after

is

nVens),

and

Welch); and a p sound be-

first

element of ds

{bulge bAlds, bAls).

sts

in -st {nests, beasts, rests) the

often omitted, and the two s sounds combine into one long s (symbol
rests

between

{health helG, heltO),

z {lends lendz, lenz, like lens) or

{filch filtj, filj, cf

{revenge riVends,

the ending s

and 6

element of tj

LENGTHENED
116.

{Welsh weIJ, welt/,

camphor

{comfort 'kAmfa^t, 'kAmpfa^t,

Omissions d

is

xlv

'

sound

Thus

s:).

is

very

nests, beasts,

are often pronounced nes:, bis:, res:.

PROPER NAMES
117. For personal

and place names the variant pronunciations given

Whenever the information was

often refer to different persons or places.

ants have been referred to particular persons or places, but to do so in

all

vocabulary

in the

available, the vari-

cases

beyond the

is

scope of this work.

CANADIAN VARIANTS
118. In its

most noticeable feature

the treatment

Quebec

feels at

rather

in the

more frequent than

in the East in the

suggest,

and

heard beside

most Canadian speech

visits

'laebrajtori.

For

is

'aitSa^

words

{hat,

is

and

are

'nai'Sa'

and kant

'dikjaiijeri.

heard beside

Scottish influence

pecially in the use of the intermediate a for ae in "flat a"

Ontario or southern

however, noticeable

can't 'ratJa^

heard beside

terrible 'teribl is

'friedsail for fragile, are frequent.

is,

The pronunciations

US. For rather and

heard. For dictionary (and similar words) 'dikjanri

la'baratri is

sound

matter of speech. Direct British influence

both pronunciation and vocabulary.

in details of
\

home

of the r

The Midwesterner who

resembles the speech of the North in the US.

are often

For laboratory

'terabl.

sa'dsest for

apparent in Canada,

man,

etc.), in

Nova

es-

Scotia

and Alberta, and probably elsewhere. For the au diphthong, ou (106) and u are heard, probably also reflecting Scottish influence.

JUNCTIONAL, OR SANDHI, FORMS

119. Pronunciations resulting

you 'didsu, goes shopping gos

word

{bag

and baggage

from the

Ifapirj,

effect of

sand

'baegtj'baegids, good

an

initial

sound

of a following

pile 'saen^pail), or of a final

word

{did

sound of a preceding

enough jgudn'Af), are only occasionally recorded in

the vocabulary.

SPELLING PRONUNCIATION
120.

The term SpeUing Pronunciation

that handed on

by word

closely to the spelKng,

of

mouth

which

is

in

in the

is

used to designate a pronunciation which replaces

spoken language and conforms in some respect more

some degree unphonetic

fails to

correspond with the estab-

Ushed pronunciation. Such pronunciations originate, as the Oxford Dictioftary puts

a "shot" at the word from the spelling. Every such pronunciation

is

at

first

it,

by taking

an error (departs


Dissimilation

xlvi

Anglicizing

from established usage); but innumerable pronunciations

general that they are

now

Horsham; and for

tham,

have come

of this origin

good standing.

in unquestioned

to

be so

For examples see Bentham, Wal-

treatment see Kenyon, Ajnerican Fronunciatiott, 8th

fuller

ed.,

142-150.

DISSIMILATION
A

121.

sound
r is

phonetic tendency

one syllable

in

usually sounded in

the change of

English by
to

1,

as

was

it

a'

to a

Hempl

by

is

as Dissimilation

another

sound

seen in English words in which an

is

in the

commonest

positions the

all

Here the presence

sa'praiz.

known

there

is lost if

colloquial pronunciation of surprise

of the second r has led to the loss of the first (that

loss of its r-coloring)

{Dialect Notes,

is,

is

in this case,

This tendency was pointed out for American

1893).

I, vi,

word. Thus in those regions where

Sometimes instead

of being lost the r

in Salisbury (formerly Sarisherie, cf Saritm), or in Salop Shropshire,'

is

changed

from SIop-

pesberie, earher Shrobbesberie 'Shrewsbury.'

Another example of

That

r loss is 'gAvana*,

due to the other

this is

that the same speakers

;-

who say

the prevaiHng pronunciation of governor in the North.

sound and not to slovenly pronunciation

governance, government, which have

it

might occur there

may have
'r-less'

in such a

regions.

The

loss of the first r in

ES

regular in

ES

is

sa'praiz for the

ES

elderberry,

fact

pronounced only before a vowel,

if

same reason that

February,

pronounced

pa'pferajtori,

was dropped by the regular

governor 'gAvanaCr

survive in

Other examples of dissimilation are: Bourchier

caterpillar,

r is

governess 'gAvanis, govern 'gAvan,

is

prise in

where

word as preparatory

operated in some words before a second

similar loss

by the

no second r.

i?-dissimilation does not often occur in regions

though

sho\Mi

is

'gAvana^ do not omit the r sound in governess, goverti, governing,

(cf

ES

is

it

not due to r-dissimilation, for

which have no other

is

and

loss of r in the

r;

and

sur-

sa'vaiv.

Bouclwr), Canterbury, cafercornered,

Marylebone, northerner, southerner,

paraphernalia, particular (the schoolmastered pronunciation par'tikjala^

Northrup, Otterburn,
is

perhaps a reaction

against this), Fendergast, reservoir, reverbatory, St. Bernard, thermometer, Watcrbury.

The pronunciations sa'praiz and

cally normal,

similation

is

'gAvana' are "correct" forms, not because they are phoneti-

but solely because they are

also seen in

in

wide use

some pronunciations not

b}'

cultivated speakers.

The same

dis-

so prevalent as to be generally acceptable;

as Arthur, corner, interpret, perform, performance, proportion, secretary, Shrc-wsbury, Sicarth-

more.

ANGLICIZING
122.

pronouncing dictionary of English must deal with the pronunciation of foreign

words that have become more or

words

it

less

a part of the English language.

has, strictl)^ speaking, nothing to do.

some foreign names have been entered which are somewhat

as yet no settled English pronunciation.
only,

and are

With

wlioU}' foreign

However, a few foreign words or phrases and

in use in

These are given with

America but which have

their foreign pronunciation

so labeled.

For the much larger body of foreign words that have become more or

less

Anglicized in use,

meaning, and pronunciation, the editors follow the same guide as for fully English words

Anglicizing
they try to ascertain and report cultivated usage.

which usage

most unsettled and

is

(1)

it is

just this area of the language in

and considerations are

in making

it

way by

to bear

of these

in assimilation of foreign

Until comparatively recent times foreign words fully adopted

native.

By

usual.

is still

Some

of usage.

EngUsh use have been adjusted

especially this

must bring

editors

The EngUsh language has shown great vigor and stabiUty

material
into

But

and where dictionary

uncertain,

supplement the uncertain evidence

certain linguistic principles to

principles

xlvii

to

EngUsh laws

of

sound and accent.

In Great Britain

radio one often hears foreign words pronounced in the English

the best-educated leaders of that country; as, for example, the pronunciation 'nezi for

becomes a settled pronunciation,

Nazi.

Whether

many

similar cases could be cited,

or not this ever

it

shows the tendency; and

which are in keeping with English

tradition,

and are by no

means blunders."
(2)

The question

often arises,

percentage

who speak

sound changes

Why

The answer,

their foreign sounds?

in past

not pronounce foreign words, especially names, with

too Uttle understood,

the foreign language like a native,

simple: except for the fractional

impossible, as the history of

it is

borrowings clearly shows. Very few English sounds are exactly like the

This

foreign ones or those spelt with corresponding letters.

in foreign language.

is

Examples abound.

Many apparently

pronouncing Monticello as Italian when they

deceptive to those not expert

is

suppose, for example, that they are

call it jmanti'tjelo.

In fact, they are giving ap-

and omitting one. An

proximately the Italian sound to three out of the ten sounds (m,

tj, e),

attempt, sometimes heard, to pronounce envelope in the French

way by

sults in giving

approximately the French sound to the v and the

are quite different,

canized

name

jbalpara'iso.

and the n

is

The American

being different) and one of

its

The

saying 'anvajop re1

The pronunciation

not in the French word.

Valparaiso as jvalpa'raizo

p.

and

Ameri-

not a very successful attempt at the Spanish

is

ga'ras has two consonants of the French gaVa:5

vowels

the vowels

all

of the fully

in the

wrong

syllable.

The underlying

(g, 3,

fact

is,

the

r's

that the

speaker not fully conversant with a foreign language in attempting to imitate the foreign

pronunciation substitutes his

own

nearest sounds for the foreign sounds, with a result unac-

ceptable to the native speaker of the foreign language.

Thus the word

Often, too, the attempt to use foreign pronunciations misses the mark.
is

not from

some 400

Modern French but from Old French, and has been English

years.

Neither of the hybrid pronunciations

French vaUe. The case

years an EngUsh town),
'paelis

from

OF palais),

of Calais is similar.
it

was, and

is,

pronounced

to

'kaelis in

is

from French

show knowledge

the

comes very near

EngUsh way

valet

sound) for
to the

(for

200

(like palace

later

EngUsh poets (riming

kae'le, %aeli are as far

from Modern French

as in Shakespeare (spelt Callis, Callice)

ka'lE or ka'le as vte'le or Vaeli

For several centuries an EngUsh name

with malice, Alice). The present frequently heard

The attempt

vae'le or Vaele

(with a

and

va'le.

of a foreign

language by similar rough or even ludicrous

attempts at the foreign pronunciation often shows ignorance instead. Such inaccurate hybrid
pronunciations are, however, often taken up by
so get established in good use, in the

many

otherwise well-informed speakers, and

same way that hundreds

of other linguistic errors

and

blunders have attained to good standing (witness Dr. Johnson's recommendation of ache for

10

See Brander Matthews's defense of this tradition in Society Jor Pure English Tract No. V.


Miscellaneous Suggestions

xlviii

ake);

and a dictionary based on usage must recognize them.

nunciations of foreign derivatives are here given,

for,

Consequently

many

hybrid pro-

however inaccurate, usage has estab-

lished them.
(3)

Wherever there

room

is

for

doubt as to actual usage, however, our policy has been to

lean toward the long-established English tradition of full Anglicizing.

Certain foreign sounds

will, if

the words become general, inevitably shift to native English sounds

sure to

become

either English ae or a. In

in parentheses, so that the user of the dictionary

chooses.

And

nunciation

for those

may

serve to

who

as French a

most cases the actual foreign pronunciation

of

some

of the

is

added

can adopt the foreign pronunciation

prefer to follow the English tradition the

show the inaccuracy

is

if

he

appended foreign pro-

attempted imitations.

PRONUNCIATION OF LATIN WORDS

123. Latin

words not usually being American colloquial EngUsh, as a

English Latin pronunciation

Some form

in actual practice.

use

(cf

cum

is

The

given.

of

it is

so-called

Roman

sometimes added

if it

rule only the orthodox

pronunciation

very inconsistent

is

has become widely current in actual

laiide).

MISCELLANEOUS SUGGESTIONS
124.

L The Key

to pronunciation

found at the bottom

the vocabulary contains the

common

of

every pair of open pages in

English sounds.

Each

illustrative

boldface type shows the sound of both vowel and consonant symbols.

information about the phonetic alphabet and

its

word

For

in

fuller

use in this book, see Introduc-

tion, 3-47.
2.

The

basis of pronunciation in this dictionary

is

Cultivated Colloquial English

conversational style, not formal public address or public reading.

of colloquial
3.

Colloquialism

is

not a Localism or Slang.

definition of Colloquial there

ary,
4.

For discussion

EngUsh, see Introduction, 1-2.

See Introduction, 1-2, with the

quoted from Webster

New

International Diction-

Second Edition.

For acceptable pronunciations not regularly Usted

in the vocabulary', see Intro-

duction, Variants, 90-119.

5.

Certain classes of words have Shifting or Variable Accent.

this

6.

and on accent and

For information on

stress in general, see Introduction, 48-54.

For treatment of Regional Variations, see Introduction, 76-85.

7.

For the pronunciation

8.

Too much importance should not be attached

to the

pronunciations are given in the vocabulary.

Several factors govern this order.

of

Foreign Words, see 122 on .Anglicizing.

Order

in

which the variant

See Introduction, 57-58.

9.

It

is idle

to insist

general oral use.

on the "correct" pronunciation

The

on, regardless of whether

10.

"The pronunciation

is

of

words not

)-et

correct pronunciation will be whatever usage

it

established in
filially settles

agrees with etymolog}', spelling, or analog}'.

the actual living form or forms of a word, that

is,

the

word


Miscellaneous Suggestions
itself,

of

which the current

spelling

is

xlix

only a symbolization

generally,

only the traditionally-preserved symbolization of an earlier form."

indeed,

Oxford

English Dictionary.
11.

"While we are

entitled to display a certain fastidious precision in our saying of

words that only the educated

use,

we

deserve not praise but censure

to accept the popular pronunciation of popular words."

H.

W.

if

we

decline

Fowler, Dic-

tionary of Modern English Usage.

12. "I

do not believe

tion

in the feasibility of

imposing one particular form of pronuncia-

on the English-speaking world."

Dictionary, 4th ed.

Daniel Jones,

An

English Pronouncing

ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviated names

also

of English counties are listed in the

vocabulary

Can

Canada, -dian

ahbr.

abbreviation, -ated

cf

compare

acct

accent, -nation

ch.

church

ace. to

according to

Chatic.

Chaucer

adj

adjective

cheni.

chemistry

adv

adverb

Chin

China, -nese

Afr

Africa, -can

CO.

county

Ala

Alabama

Col

Colorado

Alas

Alaska

colloq.

colloquial, -ly

Am

American

conj

conjunction

Amer

America

Conn

Connecticut

Am Sp

American Spanish (with PI)

cotis.,

anal.

anatomy

Cornw

Cornwall

Anglic.

Anglicize, -d

Climb

Cumberland

apos.

apostle

Czech

Czechish

Arab

Arabic, Arabian

Dan

Danish

arch.

archaic

dat

dative

Arg

Argentine, -na

Del

Delaware

Ark

Arkansas

Dev

Devonshire

art.

article

dial.

dialect, -al, -ally

attrih.

attributive

Australia

Du
E

Dutch

Austral
aiix

auxiliary

Egyp

Egypt, -ptian

BBC

British Broadcasting

emph.

emphatic, -phasis

Corporation
before

bef.

conss.

consonant, -nants

Eastern, East

EN

Eastern and Northern

Eng

English

Belg

Belgium, Belgian

Engd

England

Bib.

Bible

erron.

erroneous, -ly

Bol

Bolivia

ES

Eastern and Southern

bar.

borough

esp.

especially

bot.

botany, botanist

Braz

Brazil

Brit

British

Fitd

Finland

Canada, -dian

Fla

Florida

Flem

Flemish

Fr

French

freq.

frequent, -ly

c (before

numerals)
c,

circa,

etym.
fern.

about

cc (after

etymology
feminine, female

century, -ries

Ga

Georgia

CA

Central America, -can

gen

genitive

Col

California

geog.

geograph}', -phic, -ically

Camb

Cambridge

geol.

geology

numerals)

(1)

Abbreviations

li

geom.

geometry,

Mod E

Modern English

Ger

German

M.

Merchant of Venice

Gk

Greek

mt., mts.

mountain,

gram.

grammar, -matical

mus.

music

Heb

Hebrew

myth.

mythology,

Hind

Hindi

Northern, North

-trical

of Ven.

hist.

historical, -ly

noun

Hung

Hungarian

naut.

nautical

NB
NC

New

-s

-logical

la

Iowa

Ice

Iceland,

Id

Idaho

NEngd

New England

III

Illinois

Neth

Netherlands

Ind

Indiana

NH

New Hampshire

inf

infinitive

Nicar

Nicaragua

infreq.

infrequent, -ly

NJ

intj

interjection

NMex

New Jersey
New Mexico

-ic

Brunswick, Can.

North Carohna

Ir

Irish

Norw

Norwegian

Irel

Ireland

NY

isl.

island

NYC

It

ItaHan

NZ

New York
New York City
New Zealand

IW

Isle of

Jap

Japanese

occas.

occasional, -ly

Ohio

Wight

Kan

Kansas

OE

Old English

Ky
L

Kentucky

OED

Oxford English

Latin

L.A.

Linguistic Atlas of the

and Canada

= Oxford

US

Dictionary

Dictionary

OF

Old French

o.f.

old-fashioned

La

Louisiana

Okla

Oklahoma

LI

Long Island

Oreg

Oregon

loc.

local, -ly

Oxf

Oxford, -shire

Land

London

Pa

Pennsylvania

Mass

Massachusetts

Pal

Palestine

math.

mathematics

perk.

perhaps

Md

Maryland

Pers

Persia, -n

ME

Middle English

pars

person (grammar)

Me

Maine

pers.

personal

meas.

measure

Pg

Portuguese

Mich

Michigan

Phil

Philippine

mil.

military

phil.

philosopher

Minn

Minnesota

PI

Philippine Islands

Miss

Mississippi

pi

plural

Mo

Missouri

poet.

poetic, -al, poetry

mod.

modern

Pol

Polish

Abbreviations

Hi

Port

Portugal

surg.

surgery

poss

possessive

Sus

Sussex

pptc

past participle

Sw

Swedish

prep

preposition

Swtz

Switzerland

pres

present

syl.

syllable

pro

pronoun

Tasm

Tasmania

prob.

probably

Tenn

Tennessee

pron.

pronunciation,

Tex

Texas

pronounce,

pronounced

trans

transitive

unstr.

unstressed

Uru

Uruguay

pic

participle, -cipial

rel

relative

relig.

religion, -ious

US

United States

RI

Rhode Island

verb

riv.

river

Va

Virginia

Rom

Roman

var.

variant

Rus

Russian

ml.

village

Southern, South

vocab.

vocabulary
volcano

SA

pronoun

South America, -can

vole.

SC

South CaroHna

VOli).

Sc

Scottish, Scotch

Scand

Scandinavian

Western, West

schol.

scholar

w.

with

Scotl

Scotland

w-

Webster^ s

sculp.

sculptor

Dictionary,

SD

South Dakota

tion

sg

singular

Wash

Washington

Shak.

Shakespeare

WI

West Indies

Som

Somersetshire

Wis

Wisconsin

Sp

Spanish

WPacif

West

Pacific

sp.

spelling, spelt

WVa

West

Virginia

sp. pr., sp. pron.

spelling pronunciation

Yks

Yorkshire

SArner,

vowel,

-s

Vermont

Vt

New

Internatio7ial

Second Edi-

(state)

In the vocabulary, entries and other spelhng forms (except catchwords) are in light roman
type, pronunciations

and

all

sounds are

in boldface,

and explanatory matter

is

in italic (except

the regional labels E, S, N, W).

Occasionally, earher spellings of an entry word, with dates of their occurrence in records,
are

shown as evidence

of pronunciation or of other significant facts in the history of the word.

Cf. the entries Bicester, kiln.

ADDENDA
A PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN ENGLISH

An

marks words already recorded in the main vocabulary.

The plus sign (+) is to be read "also."

asterisk (*)

adieux 2d pi of adieu* s^djuz, s^diuz, a'duz

{Fr a'djo)
Aguilar Col 'aegwijar;

ES

Ahsahka Id a'saka
Alamosa Col jaela'mosa,

-ila:(r,

Zoc.

E+-ila:(r

+-'mus3,

-si

'anu/, 'smif

Athol*

NY

Attu Alas
bateaux

'eeal \A-

Springs

'eGal, 'aeGal'

isl. 'aetu

bateau* bae'toz (Fr ba'to)

pi of

Baugh hsfrotn Bach,

cf

Reidenbach, Utah*

from Ben
L. Dorsey cf
Gnadenhutten*, Ypres*,
Yreka*, Yvonne*, in which also the name of

Benld

letter

Biloxi

ba'nel, older b^n'Id^

III loc.

Miss ba'laksi, -'kk-; ES+-'lDk'blaerijt/ESta', -t/is-;

ES

-t3(r

Bogalusa La jboga'Iusa
Bois Blanc

Mich

Isl.

'babjo'ailand;

ES+

'babndsa^;

Bonar*, Horatius 'bana^;

Bon

Homme SD

NH

ES
ES

-d33(r, 'bol-

loc.

ES

NY

-'ra:do,

E+-'ra:do

NMex mt.

Capulin

ka'pjuhn, ka'piuhn

Cerf surname syf ES ssf, sa^f

charm var. sp. of chirm* 'din of birds'
Chateaugay NY '/t3,ge, '/aetagi

Wash

Am

tji'hehs

vils.,

-iz

|-'s

surname

'tfini

Cheningo iVF /a 'nrggo

Chesuncook Me t/i'sAnkuk
chile

NY

't/aiit/tsta-;

ES

ES

-'ka:ni, -kon'k-,

Chittenango

NY

E + -'ka:ni

ytjitn'teogo, t/it'nsogo

c/ Northampton*

Cleburne Ala, Ark, Tex

'kliba^n;

-j |-ally -ji,

Cochise Ariz ko'tjis

-iz

|-'s

Bouquet

Broadalbin

cognizable*+kag'naiz3bl, kog-

NY bo'ket, ba'ket
NY brodblbin, -'aelbin
Broome* N Y co. now more often brum

Columbiana

Bruneau Id 'bruno
Buchman 'bukman, 'bAk- {Ger 'buixmon)
Buchraanism*, -ite* + 'bukmanBurleigh
'ba-h; ES 'bsh, 'byh

ES

'kliban

-ikh

jkaad-

ka^lAmbi'sena

Combahee^C jkamba'hi; ES+jkom-; ('Comba^hee 'River)

Conewango

ND

Key:

ES

climatic klai'maetik [al

Coconino Ariz /koka'nino

Coeur D'Alene Id jkardl'en;

'baukvil

-ta(r

con carne, Ai 't/ilikan'karni, -kan'k-;

Churchill* +-jhil

'baagaCr

'baskwain, 'bos-

Boston* +'b3St3n, 'bostan {114)

Botolph* loc.+h^hxA ^strit
Bouckville

'Road)

Canyon de Chelly Ariz 'kaenjanda'/e

Cape Girardeau Mo 'kepdsa'rardo, -da; ES

'ban3(r, 'bon-

ban'ham; ES+bDn'hDm

Borger Tex 'barga^;

Boscawen*

NY
NY ^kaena'stota
Caneadea NY ^kaena'dia ('Canea^dea
Canisteo NY jkaeno'stio

Chichester*

Boise* /i+'baizi

Mo

below

Canastota

Cheney

'bDb-;(i^>-bwa'bla)

Bollinger

-iz

Cadiz; pron.+lis^Aiz

Cahaba Ala riv. ka'haba, ka'hoba

Cahoon surname ka'hun see Calhoon

Chehalis

Alas 'boggSjlaf, -Jof, -jbf

Isl.

city

Blackstone* cf variant spelling Blaxton

Bogoslof

Sp

Celoron* iVF+'sda^ron, 'selaran

replaces its usual sound.

Blanchester

Cadiz* spell

Calhoon = Calhoun* cf Colquhoun*

Canaseraga
jkaenasaVoga

Algonquian*, -quin*+-nk-

Amish

BustiiVF'bAstai
Cache Utah kae/ |-'s

NY

jkana'waggo, -wog-;

ES +

jkon-

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret jyet jet |sang saeg langry 'aeg-gri
ba0 (10) |ah a |far far |watch watj, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gardj |go go
Ifull ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fy'Sa^; ES 'fstia |custom 'kAstam jwhile hwail jhow hau |toy tai
using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij vision 'visan |Eden 'idii [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipip
See in fidl 3-47.

|bath bae8;

Copyright, 1949, by G.

&

C.

Merriam Co.

(Hii)

Addenda

liv

Corinth*

NY,

Costilla

Col kas'tia,

Ghent*

^oc.+kaVmO, krinO

Vt,

kos-,

(Am Sp

-'tija

at

ES

read: +hiy\is^knmik

NY kuk'saki, kak-,

Coxsackie

NY

g-,

Ky

WVa

ds-,

ds-, g-

Godfrey*

'gadfri, 'gnd-, cf

Gogebic Mich go'gibik

Gouverneur* AT+zgAva'nur, ;guva-, 121,

kas'tija)

coxcombic*

NY, Minn

Godeffroy

ES +

-'saeki;

ES

Zoc.+-'n3';

-'nua(r, -'n3(r, -'ny-

Gouverneur Morris

kttk-

ES

/gAvar'nir, ;gAva-,

121;

bun 'kras'bAn, 'kros- ('hot ^cross 'bun)

Crummel, -mmles 'krAml(z) from Cromwell
Cunard* accent +as in 'Gurnard 'Line

greengage 'grin'geds ('green^gage 'plum)

Cuprum Id

Grosvenor

cross

'kjupram, 'kiu-,

NY

Dahlia*

Gravenstein apple 'graevan/Stain,

'ku-.

'grovna',

NY bay loc.

-jStin

ES

'gravna-;

-na(r, 'grDvna(r

'delia, 'delja; see p. vi

vil.

/gAva'nia(r; ('Gouver,neur '^Morris)

Darien* Ga 'denan
Depauville

haberdasher* sometimes 'haeba^dae/a^ (121)

Hahn surname han, ban cf Baugh, Utah*

De

Hallowell 'hieb^wel, -wal.

NY di'povil, di'povil
Ruyter NY di'iaita^; ES di'rait3(r

dilettantes pi ^dila't^entiz

diphosgene* + - 'f azd3in

]-ti -'taanti

ES + - 'f dz-

Haralson

Domremy-la-Pucelle* + Domrem}'- dore'mi-

Dorcheat La riv. 'dart/it; ES 'daat/it

Dravosburg Pa dra'vosbyg; ES -bsg, -byg
Dumas* Ark 'dumss, 'dju-, 'diu-

NC

Duryea Pa dur'je, 'durje; ES dua'je, 'duaje

Ecorse Mich 'ikors; ES 'ikoas |-'s -iz
Edgecombe NC, -comb Me, Wash 'edskam
Edina Minn I'daina, i'dains

ES

Ga

'haeralsn

Healdsburg Cal 'hildzbyg, -Iz-;

Healdton Okla 'hildtan, 'hiltan

Hempstead

NY

ES

'hempsted, 'htmst-, -stid

Hialeah Fla

ha-, hs-,

Hindman Ky 'bainman, 'baindman

Holbrook Ariz, Mass 'bolbruk
Honeoj'e

NY

'bAiupi

Hoosic* + 'buzik

el'bsta, el'byta

Houma La 'buma

Eoanthropus* put }o^ssn6r9p3s first

Ephrata Pa 'sfrata, Wasli I'freta

Huerfano Col 'werfajno, 'wy-;

'efrata,

'w3-, 'wy-; /oc.

NY I'freta

Hyndman Id

mt. 'hainman,

Etowah Ala, Tenn 't3jwa, -iWn, -wa

Eulalie Poe's poem jub'Ii (Fr ola'li)

Ingraham* + 'iggram,

Itawamba Miss

'faelkanaCr

Fayette

ES

Java*
lisn-, ^fyn-

Finisterre* add: (Sp jfinis'terre)

NMex

Cal,

'folsam,

surname

loc.

'free'

Galway*

fro |frow 'woman' frau

NY

Gansevoort*

loc.

NY

'gaelwe
'gaenzva^t, -vurt;

ES

-vuat

Key:

,ita'wainba,

-'womba

NY

'dseva

Junana* + d3ul'jaena, dsiulKalispcll

Mont

^kaela'spsl, 'kaela^spel

-vat,

iHog

Kossuth* la ka'suG, ka-, ku-

See in fidl 3-47.

jbath baeG;

Nashua*

Kegonsa Wis lake ki'gansa; ES+-'gDnsa

Kinderhook NY 'kinda^^buk; ES 'kinda^huk
Kineo Me mt. 'kini,o
Kissimmee Fla ki'simi
Koshkonong Wis 'kaJTiajnag; ES + 'koJka-

loc.

frow

c/

Kalevala* + 'kabjvala
-o-, -a-

NY
'farsaiO; ES 'faasaiG
Franconia NH fraeg'konia
Fremont* NY
'fremant, -mont
Forsyth*

'i/pijinig

Jacquard* acct+as in 'Jac^quard 'loom

fe'et, fe'Jt ('Fay^ette 'City)

Fernandina Fla ^fa^nan'dina;

Folsom

'ingrain

+ 'i/a^we

luka Miss ai'juka

N Y village fast

Faust*

'i/ua, /oc

Ishpeming Mich

existentialism jEgzis'tEn/aljizam, ^eksis-

ES

NY

'wea-,

'baindman

Indianola la. Miss iindia'nola

Ischua

ES

+ 'arfajno

Esarey, Logan 'ezari

Falconer* iV F + 'f aelkana^ ;

by-

^baia'lia

elegiast I'lidjijaest, a'lidsijaest

Ephratah Bible

-3-, -3^-

Henlopen Del cape hen'lopan

Hermosa Cal ha^'mosa, by-; ES

'djuphn, 'diu-, 'du-

Elberta el'bs^ta;

loc. 'hnl-

Henrico Va hen'raiko

Dunsanj'* Brit + dAn^sxni

Duplin

Me

Hampstead* + 'ha;msted, 'hamstid

Hapsburg* see also Habsburg*

Desha Ark da'/e

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far far

'piti (6)

[rate ret Ij'et jet Isang sasg |angry 'g'gri

|watch watj, wntj (12) |jaw dsa |gorge garcJs |go go

Addenda
Kotzebue Alas 'katsajbju,

-jbiu;

La Crosse Wis la'kros, -'krns

La Garita Cal Jaga'rita
La Habra Cal b'habra
Lampasas Tex
Lassellsville

|-'s

ES + 'knt-iz

'laaslzjVil

Leelanau Mich

Olneyville

Pa

vil.

-'kAm-;

co. loc.+-^kova-,

RI

joli'aen

'oni,vil

cf

OIney*

Onawa la 'anawa; ES + 'nnawa

Onaway Mich 'anajwe; ES + 'nnajwe
Onondaga* NY /oc. + jana'd3ga
Onoville NY 'anajViI; ES + 'nnajViI

Livengood Alas vil., surname 'laivan^gud

Lonaconing Md Jona'koniij
Loogootee Ind la'goti
lup

NY

Opelika Ala jOpaUaika, jopi'laika

Oregonian pra'gonian, jor-, ,ma'nskani, o'riskam
Oriskany

NY

lai'komig

McDermott mak'dymst; ES -'dsmat,

McDiarmid mak'dynud; ES -'dsmid,
Mahopac NY 'meo^pjEk, 'meajpaek

-'ds'-

Orleans* US, accent +as in 'Orleans 'Co.

-'dy-

Osakis

Minn

o'sekis

j-'s

-iz

ES + iDska'lusa
iVF +'asnig; ES+'osnig

Oskaloosa la ^aska'lusa;

Mannering surname 'niaenarig = Man waring*,

Mainwaring*, Maynwaring*
Matteawan* NY+, esp. attrib., ^Mattea^wan

Ossining*

Mazomanie Wis jmeza'meni, ^mezoMebane NC 'mtebin

Montgomery* +m3nt'gAmri, -'gAman
Montour* accent + as in 'Mon^tour 'Falls
Morenci Mich moVensi

n'tAmwa
Outagamie Wis jauta'gaemi

riv.

Mycenae* NY loc.
Nauvoo* accent + as

NY

loc.

cf

|full

E+

-'ma:(r,

accent+as in 'Palo^mar 'Mountain

NH

^pfesa'kanaiWe;

ES +

Pehlevi 'Pahlavi' 'pela^vi |Pehlvi 'pelvi

in 'Nau^voo 'streets

Pend

jnaeva'raino

Oreille Id,

also spelt

loc.

'pika^bu, elsewher e+^pikaihu

pileated 'paik^etid, 'pili^etid

ni-

New

Wash jpanda're, ipenES + 'f ozdsin

phosgene* + 'f azdsin

Picabo Id

naVeda,

NY,

'ovid

-'kon-

Piqua* O+'pikwe

cf

Pithecanthropus*

ptit

Poestenkill

NY

Pickaway*
second pron.

first

'pusn^kil, 'postn^kil

princess* 5n7+prin'ses, but 'prinsis

loc.

Fane

trib.,

as in 'Princess

when

at-

'Mary

Pulaski* Z/^+pa'laeski, pju-,

pm-

Pushmataha Okla jpufma'taha, -'taha

Nootka*+'nutka, 'nutka, 'nutka

Nueces Tex nju'esis, niu-, nuIII,

name

ma'zura

Nisei 'nise, ni'se

Nunda

occas. pers.

ES +

loc. 'paelasjtin

Passaconaway

mAs'kaet3;tAk

ma'sins

Newbem* Tenn + -h3^n; ES -bsn, -byn

Newfane NY, Vt 'nju^fen, 'mu-, 'nu-; Vt
+ jNew'fane,

NY,

a'tAmwa;

Palomar Cal jpaela'mar; ES

-'ina:(r;

Neodesha Kan ^niada'/e

Nescopeck Pa 'neska^pEk
Neshoba Miss ni'/oba

ES+ot'sigo

a'tAmwa,

la

Palestine* Tex

Neligh Nebr 'nih

Nevada*

NY at'sigo;

Ottumwa

Owj'hee Id a'waihi, o'waihl

Munising Mich 'mjunasig, 'miunasig

Muscatatuck Ind

Otsego

Ovid* Mich,

Morris, Gouverneur, see Gouverneur Morris

Navarino

Scotl

Olustee Ala, Fla, Okla o'lAsti, a'Usti

'Ligo^nier

literatus sg of literati* JitaVetas

Lj'coming*

ES + 'ok-;

'oxj-)

o'leOi, a'leGi, -Ga

NY 'olijaen,

Olean

-iz

|-'s

leukemia, -kae- lu'kimia, Iiu- |-mic -mik

Loup Nebr

-tn (Sc 'oxd-,

Kan

Olathe

attrib.,

'okl,tri, 'okjtri

'akl.tri, 'akjtri;

Okla o'kima, o'kima

Oktibbeha Miss ak'tibijha; ES+nk-

Lennox* 'lenaks

Ligonier* acct+, esp.

Kan
Tex

Okemah

'lila^na

var. sp. of

Ocheltree
Ochiltree

Okanagan Can joka'nagan

Okanogan Wash joka'nagan, -'nngan

c/ Lascelles*

Latah Id 'let3, le'tac/ Utah*

Lavaca Tex b'vaeka
Ledyard* + 'lEd33'd; ES 'kdsad

Lenox

Obion Tenn o'baian

Oceana* WVa josi'aena

'okjjtri,

laem'paesas 1-sas' -sas

NY

Iv

loc.

c/

Utah*

nAn'de

ful Itooth tuG Ifurther 'fytJa*;

ES

'fstSa

Wash pju'aelap, piu'aelap

Rahway NJ 'rawe
Ramapo NY vil., NY, NJ riv. 'raemajpo
Puyallup

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how hau |toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan

tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Addenda

Ivi

Rangeley Me Vendsli
Rantoul /// raen'tul ('Ran^toul 'schools)
Raton* Col ra'tun, rae-; NMex ra'ton, raReidenbach surname 'raidri/bD cf Baugh

NY + ^tznsViT;

Rensselaer*

ES

Tucumcari

Tuscola Mich,

-'i3(r; accent

iVF

Juna'dila,

^oc.

+ iAn3'dil3;

Upshire Engd 'Ap/ir, -JV; ES -J'i3(r, -Jafr

Upshur surname, WVa co. 'Apja^; ES 'Ap/3(r

Uvalde Tex

ju'vaeldi

Valois 'vaelwa,

Vandalia

-iz

Am

-wd {Fr

va'lwa),

NY va'bis

places vaen'delja

Saluda NC, SC, Va, Ind sa'luda

Venango Pa, Nehr va'naeggo

San Bernardino* CaZ + -jbyn3'dino, 121

Santanoni N Y jsaenta'noni ('Santajnoni 'Mt.)

Venezuela* + jV8nzu'il3, jvenazu'Ila

Sapulpa Okla sa'pAlpa

vernacular* +va'naekjal3' {121)

NY 'sDga^tiz,
Sauquoit NY sa'kwait

Schaefer, -ffer

'Jefa^;

-^tiz;

ES

ES

'saga-

Schrader

NY 'skaeti^kuk, 'Jati-,
NY ska'nivas -iz

-jkok

|-'s

'Jreda^;

Schroeder

ES

'/reda^,

'JredaCr

ES

'Jroda^;

-d9(r;

(Ger

'Jroidar)

Schuylkill*

SE Pa

Shafer

'Jefa^;

Shaffer
shafts

ES

+ 'skukl
ES S3-, sy-, -'monik

'Jef3(r

'Jefa^, '/afa-;

ES

-f3(r

E+/a-, fa-;

fsevz, Jaefts;

'tinlls'

see

Mo Jel'baina

shindig* occen/ + '/injdig

^

ES

ES

'slev3(r

'sla^v^(r; |-ed

-d j-ing

'slaevario, 'slaevrig

soot* cf boot but, foot

f ut,

submersible sab'mysabl;

flood

ES

fUd

-'mss-, -'mys-

Suckow surname 'suko

Suffolk* + 'sAf3k
Sylacauga Ala jSila'koga
Tahoe Cal 'taho, 'teho
Talcott, Tallcott 'talkat, 'taelkat

Talladega Ala

jtaela'diga

La ta'lub
Taughannock Falls NY ta'gaenak, ta'gaenak
Tazewell III, Va 'taezwel, 'tezwel, -wal
Tehuacana Tex ti'wakana, -'wnkTallulah

Tidioute

Tionesta

Totowa

Pa
Pa

NJ

-iz

{6)

Vinita Okla va'nita

Wappingers iV I" 'wapindsa^z, 'wop-; ES -dsaz

Wasatch 'wasaetj", wa'saetj ('Wa^satch '!Mts.)
Washingtonian jwa/ig 'toman, jwa/-, iWo/-

ES

NY

'wata^jvlit, 'wa-, 'wd-, -vl,It;

-ta-; acci+jWater'vliet

Watseka III wat'sika, wot'sika

Waubesa Wis lake wa'bisa
Waunakee Wis ,wana'ki ('Wauna,kee 'mail)
Waupaca Wis wa'paska
Waupun Wis wa'pAn ('Wau^pun 'schools)
Wauseon
'wasiyon, -/Dn, jwasi'an, -'on

Weehawken

NJ

wi'hakan

ES

Weiser Id

'wiza^;

Wetumka

Okla wi'tAmka |-mpka Ala wi-

'wiza(r

'tAmpka
WigtowTishire* put 'wigtaniJir//-^/

Winder Ga 'wainda^; ES 'wainda(r

Winnetka III wi'netka
Wolcott* iVF/oc. 'walkat

'tidijut, jtidi'ut

woollen variant spelling of woolen*

jtaia'nesta

Zeigler /// 'zigla^;

'totawa

|-'s

Waban Mass 'waban

Wabasha Minn 'wabaj/a, 'woba-, 'wabaWadena Minn wa'dina, wo'dina
Waha Id 'waha cf Omaha*, Utah*, Baugh

Watervliet

slaver slave dealer' 'sleva';

slaver 'drool' 'slv3^;

va-;

Washtenaw Mich '\vaXta,na, 'wdJ-, 'wajWatauga NC, Tenn wa'taga, wo'taga, \va-

124.11

Shelbina

ES

Walthall Miss 'walt.halc/ Waltham*

Wamego Kan wa'migo, wn-, wa-

/oc.

sermonic sy'manik;

Vt, III va^'dsEnz;

Vienna* sojne Am places +\ai^en3

Vigo Ind 'vaigo, 'vigo

'/ef3(r

Schaghticoke

Schenevus

Vergennes

Vevay Swtz Co. Ind 'vivi, older vi've

Vevey Switzerland va've {Fr va've)

sarsaparilla* + jsaespa'rila, jsaesapa-

Saugerties

acct-^

as in 'Una/dilla 'Forks

sa'Iaina
|-'s

tAs'kola

'junks, vil

Uhrichsville

Unadilla

Salida Col sa'laida {Sp sa'liSa)

Salinas Cal sa'linas

III

Umatilla Or eg juma'tila

Robson* surname + 'robsn

Sabinal Tex jsaeba'nael ('Sabijnal 'bank)
Sacandaga NY jsaekan'daga
Sagadahoc* Me, put acct ,Sagada'hoc first

Kan

'tukam/keri, -;kaeri; S -ae-

acct + as in 'tai^ron 'strits

Tyrone* Pa,

\-as in 'Rensscjlaer 'boy

Salina

NMex

Tuolumne Cal 'twalamni, 'twDlamni

Ziebach

SD

ES

'zigla^r

'zi'bak, -'ba, -'ba

cf

Baugh

A
PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY
OF

AMERICAN ENGLISH
abidance
A, a

letter

a indef.

As, poss A's ez

\pl A's,

art. a,

abbreviation ajbrivi'e/an

The use

emph. or hesitating e

of e, the stressed

form

an

the tmstressed a belongs, often gives

arti-

on a

(a begging, a-foot.

Aachen 'akan, 'oxan (Ger 'arxan)

Aaron 'eran, 'aeran, 'eran; S 'aeran, 'eran
abaca ,aba'ka
aback a'baek

('A.B'C

abdicate 'aebda^ket |-cated -^ketid

Abdiel 'aebdial, -diel, -dj-

l-ly-i

abduce aeb'djus, -'dius, -'dus |-s -iz \-d -t

abduct aeb'dAkt, ab- \-ed -id |-ction -k/an

abeam a'bim

|-es -iz |-ci -jsai

E + a 'baft,

abaft a 'baef t ;

'e'bi'siz

abdomen 'asbdaman, aeb'doman, ababdominal aeb'daman], ab-; ES+-'dDm-;

afire)

abacus 'aebakas

ABCs

lABC's,

'e'bi'si

jbook)

abdication jaebda'ke/an

ficial effect to public address.

a, a- unstressed form of

ABC

of a, in places where

abecedarian jebisi'derian, -'der-

a 'baft

abalone, A- (aeba'loni

Abana

abed a 'bed
Abednego a'bednijgo
Abel 'ebl
Abelard 'sebl^ord; ES 'aebl,a:d; (Fr abe'larr)
Aberdeen jaeba^'din; ES jaeba'din; ('Aber^deen

'aebana

abandon n a'baendan (Fr aba'do)

abandon v a'baendan |-ed -d
abase a'bes

|-s

abash a'baef

-iz |-d -t j-dly -idli

|-es -iz j-ed -t |-edly -idli

'Angus)

abatable a'betabl
|

abatis 'aebatis, a'baetis

jaeba'twar,

|-es -iz |-ed -t

-'twar;

ES

-'twa:(r.

abbe

US

'aebi

S+-vl; France ab'vil

Abbeyville, Abby-

Key: See
Ibath baeG;
ful
I

-tor -a^;

ES

-a(r

ES

-'haa(r; |-red -d

ab'harans,

aeb-,

-'hot-,

-'hor-

|-ent -ant

'aebatsfa^d;

ES

Abhorson ab'harsn;

'aebatsfad

abbreviate a'brivi,et l-ated -,etid

|full

abhor ab'har, aeb-;

abhorrence

'aebi^vil

'aebat

Abbotsford

|-ter,

abeyance a'beans j-ant -ant

|abbesses 'aebisiz

'aebi^vil;

,aeb3^'istwi6

abet a'bet |-ted -id

(Fr a^be)

'aebis, 'aebes

Abbeville

abbey
abbot

-/ia(r, -J"a(r

iseha-

Aberystwyth

'aebana

'aebe, ae'be

abbess

ES

aberration /aeba're/an

'aebasi

Abbana

-JV;

aberrance aeb'erans |-ancy -ansi |-ant -ant

-'twaa(r; (Fr aba'twa:r)

abbacy

|-shire -fir,

Abergavenny Eng town jaeba^ga'veni, family

jaeba^'geni, Shak. Aburgany jaeba^'geni; ES

abate a 'bet abated a 'betid

abattoir

Becket, -ett a'bekit

in full 3-47. bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

tooth tu6 [further

|far

'fytla^;

ES

-'haasn

abidance a'baidns
'piti

(6)

|rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far |watch wat/,

ES

'fstJa

wot/ (12) |jaw dsa

Igorge gards |go go

|custom 'kAstam while hwail |how hau |toy

|

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dif [vision 'visan |Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


abstain

abide
abode a'bod or abided
abode a'bod or abided
d'baidid, rarely abidden a'bidn

abide a'baid
a'baidid

\past

\pptc

Abou ben Adhem 'aebubEn'aedam, 'abuben'adm

abound a'baund

|-ed -id

Abigail 'aebajgel, 'aebagl

about a'baut

Abijah a'baidsa

about-face n a'baut^fes

Abilene

US

about-face v a,bact'fes

'aebajin, Syria jaeba'lini

-iz

|-s
|-s

-iz |-d -t

ability a'bilati

about-ship

Abimelech a'bimSjkk
Abinadab a^bina^daeb
Abingdon 'aebigdan |-gton -tan

above a'bAV
aboveboard a'bAv^bord, -^bard; ES -;boad.
E+-jbaad
aboveground a'bAv^graund

ab

initio 'asbi'niJijO

v a^baut'/ip |-ped -t

abject aeb'dsekt, 'aebdsekt ('abj'ect 'look)

abrade a 'bred, aeb'red

abjection aeb'dsekjan

Abraham 'ebrajham,
Abram 'ehram

abjuration jaebdsu'rc/an

abjure ab'dgur, aeb-, -'dsiur;

ES

-'dsuaCr,

abrasion a'bresan, aeb'r- |-sive -siv, -ziv

ablation aeb'le/an

abreast a'brtst

ablative 'aeblativ, 'aebhtiv

abridge a'brids

ablaut 'ablaut, 'aeblaut {Ger 'aplaut)

abroad a 'brad

[-ler 'ebla^;

unstressed

from

the vocab.

by adding -abl

ES

-l3(r; 1-lest 'eblist

ending

when

-abl

the addition of -bly

omitted

often

the pron. can be

found

head pron. The corre-

to the

sponding adverb ending

/s

-ably -abh. For

-bh when

the

head word

does not end in -able, see the suffix -bly.

able-bodied

|-s

-iz |-d -d |-dly

-idh

abrogable 'aebragabl

ablaze a'blez

-able

-ham

abreaction ,aebri'aBk/an

-'d3iu3(r; |-d -d

able 'ebl

|-d -id

'ebri-,

ES+-'bDd-;

'ebl'badid;

('able-

-bodied 'man)

abrogate 'aebrajget, -ro- -gated -igetid

|

abrogation jjebra'ge/an, -ro-

abrupt a'brApt,

aeb'r Apt

Absalom 'aebsalam
abscess 'aeb^ses, -sis
abscissa aeb'sisa

|-s

|-es -iz |-ed -t

-z j-sae -si

abscission asb'sisan, aeb'si/an

abscond aeb'skand, ah-; ES-H-'skond;

absence

ablution aeb'lujan, ab-, -'liu/an

ably 'ebb

'aebsns

'aebsnsiz

[absences

absent

abnegation jaebni'ge/on

absentee jaebsn'ti ('absen^tee 'land^lord)

Abner 'aebna^; ES 'aebnaCr

abnormal aeb'narml, ab-; ES -'naaml;
abnormality

jaebnar'tnaelati;

ES

v asb'sent,

ab- |-ed -id

absent-minded 'aebsnt'maindid
|-ly -i

-na'maelati

abnormity seb'narmati; ES -'naamati

aboard a 'bord, a'b3rd;ES a'boad, E+a'baad
abode a'bod

absinthe, -th 'aebsinO, aeb'smO

absolute
empli.

'aebsajut,

-sljut

-,hut,

+ ^abso'lutely,

|-es -iz |-ed -t

abolition jaeba'b/an |-ism -jizam

-h,

absolution jaebsa'luj"an, -'hu/an, -sl'jujan

|-ist -ist

absolutist 'aBbsa;lutist, -^hut-, -sjj'utist

absolve aeb'salv, ab-, -'sdIv,

-'z- |-d

ES

abominable a'bamnabl, -man-; ES+a'bom-;

absorb ab'sarb, aeb-,

1-bly -bh
abominate a'bamajnet; ES+a'bom-;

absorbefacient abiSarba'fe/ant, aeb-,

aboriginal jaeba'ridsanl

abort a'bart;

|-ly

'abso'lutely

absolutism 'aebsalutjizam, -hut-, -sjjut-

abolish a 'bob/; ES+a'bol-;

ES

|-ly -i ]-ne -^ni

ES

abortifacient ajbarta'te/ant;

abortion a'barjan;

ES

See in full 3^7.

ES

-d

-aab; |-ed -d

a^baata-

-jZ-;

ES

-aab-

absorbent ab'sarbant, aeb-,

a'baata-

a'baa/an

-'z-;

|-edly -idh
|-d -id

a'baat; |-ed -id

aborticide a'barta^said;

[bath baeO;

[-sent

-snt

abnegate 'aebnijget |-gated -igetid

Key:

|-ed

-id

absorption

ab'sarpjan,

-'z-;

aeb-;

ES -aabES -'saap-;

|-tive -tiv

abstain ab'sten, aeb- |-ed -d

bee hi |pity 'piti (6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg langr^^ 'aeg-gri
ba6 (10) |ah a |far far |watch wot/, wntj (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go


accordion

abstemious

accelerando aekjsela'raendo, ak- (It at^t/ele-

abstemious aeb'stimias, ab-, -mjas

'rando)

abstention aeb'stenjan, ababsterge aeb'styds, ab-;

|-s

-iz |-d -d

ES

-'stsds, -'styds;

accelerate aek'selajret, ak- [-rated -^retid

-gent -ant
I

ES

abstersion aeb'sty/an;

abstinence 'aebstanans

|-s

-'sts/-, -'st3\f-

acceleration aekjsela're/an, ak-, ^aeksela-

-iz

accelerative aek'selajretiv, ak- [-tor

abstract adj aeb'straekt ('abiStract 'thought)

'trace

'abridge,'

accent

less freq. 'aeksnt

v 'aeksent, aek'sent,

ak- [-ed -id

accentual aek'snt/ual, ak-

'aebstraekt |-ed -id

ES

-ta^;

-ta(r

accent n 'aeksent,

abstract n 'aebstraekt

abstract v aeb'straekt, ab-;

title'

accelerant aek'selarant, ak-

[-ly -i

accentuate aek'sentju/ct, ak- |-ated -^etid

abstractedly aeb'straektidh
abstraction aeb'straekjan, ab- |-tive -tiv

accentuation aek^SEnt/u'e/an, ak-, ^aeksent/u-

abstriction aeb'strik/an

accept ak'sept, ik-, aek- |-ed -id [-able -abj

abstruse aeb'strus, ab-, -'strius

absurd ab'syd,

ES

aeb-, -'z-;

[-bly -bli

-sd, -s'd; |-ity

acceptability

akjsepta'bilati,

ak-,

ik-,

^aeksepta-

-ati

Abukir

jfebu'kir,

ES

a'buka^;

^a-,

-'kia(r,

acceptance ak'stptans, ik-, aek-

|-s

abulia a'bjuha, a'biul-, ^aebju'lia

access 'aekses

abundance a'bAndans [abundant a'bAndant

Abury 'ebari = Avebury

accessary aek'sesari, ak-

abuse

ft

accessible aek'sEsabl, ak- j-bly -bli

abuse

v a'bjuz,

a'bjus, a'bius

a'biuz

-iz

|-s
|-s

-iz |-d

-d

j-ted -id ]-ment

a'bizam

|-ries -riz

accessibility aekjsesa'bilati, ak-, ^aeksesa-

accessorial ^aeksa'sorial, -'sar-; S -'sor-

-mant
Abydos a'baidas, -das; ES+-dDs;
abut a'bAt

[-es -iz

accession aek'se/an, ak- |-ed -d

abusive a'bjusiv, a'biusiv

abysm

-iz

acceptation ^aeksEp'teJan

-ka(r

[abysmal

|-tal -1

-iz

[-'s

a'bizml

|-ally

accessory aek'sesari, ak-

accidence 'aeksadans [-dent -dant

accidental ^aeksa'dentl

[-ly -i

acclaim a'klem [acclaimed a'klemd

-zmji

abyss a'bis

acclamation ^aekla 'me/an

|-es -iz [-al -1

Abyssinia jseba'sinia, -'sinja

|-n

acclimate a'klaimit, 'aekla^met

-n

[-d -id

acclimation ^aekla 'me/an

acacia a'ke/a

academe jseka'dim

acclimatization ajklaimata'ze/an, -ai'z-

academic ^aeka'demik

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

academician ajkaeda'mi/an, /jekada-

acclimatize a'klaimajtaiz

|-s

-iz [-d

-d

acclivity a'klivati

academicism jaeka'demajSizam

accolade ,aeka'led, -'lad

academy a'kaedami

Accomac 'aeka^maek
accommodate a'kamajdet; ES-h-'kom-;

Acadia a'kedia, -dja

acanthus a'kaenOas
a cappella

|-n

-n

see also

Cajun

accommodation ajkama'dejan; ES-i--,kDmaccompaniment a'kAmpanimant, a'kAmpni-

'a ka'pela (// jakkap'pella)

acarid 'aekarid
ejkaetl'ektik,

a-,

ae-,

jckaetl-,

Accad

'aekaed

= Akkad

-iz

|-es

-iz

[-ed -t

accord a'kard;

accordance

-djan

accede aek'sid, ak- [-ceded -'sidid

a'kaad; |-ed -id

accordion a'kardian;

ful jtooth tu6 [further 'fy'Sa';

fmz

ES

a'kardns;

ES

a'kaad-;

|-dant

-dnt

accelerable aek'selarabl, ak-

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz,

j-s

accompHsh a'kamph/; ES^-'kom-;

ae-

Accadia a'kedia, a'ka-, -dja |-dian -dian,

[full

accompanist a'kAmpanist, a'kAmpnist

accompany a'kAmpani [-nyist -mist
accomplice a'kamplis; ES-i--'kDin-;

/aekaetl-

acaudal e'kadl, a-,

[-d

-id

|-es -iz |-thi -6ai

acariasis ^aeka'raiasis

acatalectic

j-d -id

ES

ES

a'kaadian

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow

jdish dif [vision 'visan

[Eden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

acrimony

accost
ache ek ached ekt

accost a'kost, a'kost |-ed -id

Before 1700 the verb was

accouchement a'ku/ma, -mant {Fr akuj'ma)

accoucheur jaekulfs^; ES ;aeku'/3(r, -'Jy; (Fr

spelt ake,

and

noun was pronounced

the

account a'kaunt |accounted o'kauntid

Achean a'kian
Acheron 'aekajtan, -ran; ES+-jrt)n
achieve a'tjiv |-d -d |-ment -mant

akulfoerr)

accoucheuse ^aeku'/sz

|-s

{Fr akujoiz)

-iz

etj.

pi 'etjiz.

accountabiUty ajkaunta'bilati

Achilles a'kiliz

accountable a'kauntabl |-bly -bli

Achitophel a'kita^fel

accountancy a'kauntansi

achromatic ,aekra'maetik, -ro- ('achro,matic

accouter, -tre a'kuta^;

|-tant -tant

ES

3'kut3(r; l-(e)d -d

|-es' -iz

'lens)

accredit a'kredit [-ed -id

achromic e'kromik,

accrete a'krit, ae'krit j-d -id

acid 'aesid [acidic a'sidik, ae'sidik

accretion a'kri/an, ae'kri/an

acidify a'sida^fai, ae- |-fied -,faid

accumbency a'kAmbansi
accumulate

|-bent -bant

a'kium-

3'kjumJ3,let,

ES

|-tive -IV |-tor -a^;

acidosis ,aesi'dosis
-id

|-d

acidulate a'sidsa^let, ae- [-d -id |-lous -las

aciform 'aesi,farm;

-3(r

accuracy 'aekjarasi
accurate 'aekjarit
a'kys-;

a'kss-,

acme
acne

'aekm^, 'aekmi

acolyte 'akajlait

a'ksst, a'kyst

Acoma

accusation jaekja'ze/an, ^aekju-

acorn 'eka-n, 'ekam;

a^kiuz-,

ajkjuza'torial,

'aka;ma,

-ma

ES

-'tar-;

acotyledon ,ekatl'idn, a,kat-, ae^kat-;

a'kiuz-,

a'kjuzajtori,

-jtari;

acoustic a'kustik, a'kaustik

accuse a'kjuz, a'kiuz

accustom a'kAStam

|-s

-iz |-d

-d

acoustician

|-ed -d

-kaus-,

^aekus'ti/an,

acquaint a'kwent |-ed -id

acentric e'sentrik, a-, ae-

acquaintance a'kwentans

acephalous e'sefalas,

acquiesce ,aekwi'es

a-, ae-

acquire a'kwair;

acetamide jaesa'taemaid, a'setajinaid, -mid

acquisition ^aekwa'zi/an

ES

a'kwaia(r;

-hd

acre 'eka^;

ES

|-tal -1

acreage 'ekarids, 'ekrids

acetic a'sitik, a'setik

acre-foot 'eka^'fut;

ES

acetify a'seta^fai |-fied -ifa,id

acre-inch 'eka^'mt/

|-es -iz

acetone

acrid 'aekrid |-ine -jln, -in

'aesa, ton

a'kki |Achaia a'kea, a'kaia |-n -n

|-tance -ns

|-s

-iz

'eka-; |-feet

|-in

-'fit

-in

acridity ae'kridati, a-

'aesa^til |-ene a'stl;in

acrimonious ,aekra'monias, -njas

acrimony 'aekra,moni

|-tes' -tiz

See in fidl 3-47.

-d |-rable

'eka(r

acetate 'aesa^tet |-tated -^tetid

|bath baeO;

|-d

-abl

acquit a'kwit ]-ted -id

|-lid

|-nce -ns |-nt

-nt

|-mid -mid
acetanilide jaesa'taenl^aid, -lid

-iz

|-s

|-s -iz |-d -t

ES 'aesa-; |-d -id

acerbate adj a'sybit; ES a'ssb-, a'sybacerbity a'sybati; ES a'ssb-, a'sybacerbate v 'aesa^^bet;

Achates a'ketiz

a^kus-.

a^kaus-

ace es ]aces 'esiz

Key:

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

-ikli

-jtori

Achaea

ES+

-Dt-; j-ous -'idnas, -'ednas

-'tor-

acetyl

The

'ekan, 'ekaan ;

second pron. arises from false etymology.

accusative a'kjuzativ, a'kiuz-

accusatory

ES+

'aekni, 'aekni

accusal a'kjuzl, s^kiuzl

aek-, ik-, -ad5;

aclinic e'klinik, a-, ae-

ES

|-sedly -sidli

accusatorial

-;faam

-'nol-; l-d -d

accursed a'kysid, -st;

ES

ES

acknowledge ak'nalids,

accumulation ajkjumja'le/an, 3jkium-

accurst afest;

-ta(r

acidity a'sidati, ae-

-d

ae- |-d

ES

acidimeter jaesi'dimata^j

accrual a'krual, a'kriual, ae-

accrue a'kru, a'kriu,

a-, ae-

bee bi |pity

ba6 (10) |ah a

|far

'piti (6)

|rate ret |yet jet |sang sjeg [angrj^ 'aeg-gri

far [watch watf,

wot/ (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards

|go

go

ad interim

acrobat
add

acrobat 'aekra^baet
[-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

acrobatic jaekra'baetik

aed [added 'aedid

Addams
addend

acrogen 'aekradsan, -dsin

'aedamz |Addams's ^aedamziz

'aedend, a'dend

acromegalic ;aekroini'gaelik |-megaly -'niEgah

addendum a'dendam,

acrophobia jsekra'fobia

adder

-lisiz

ES+-'krDp-;

a'krapahs;

acropolis

\Gk pi

|-lises

'aeda^;

ae- |-da

-da

ES Wa(r

addible 'aedabl
addict n 'aedikt

-leis -jles

a'dikt |-ed -id |-ction -k/an

across a'krDS, a'kros

addict

acrostic a'krastik, a'kros-

Addis Ababa 'aedis'ababa, 'adis-

act aekt acted

Addison 'aedasn
additament a'ditamant

'ijektid

Actaeon aek'tian
actinic aek'tinik |-ally

-Ii,

TJ

addition a'di/an,

-ikh

actinism 'aektmjizam

additive 'aedativ

ae- |-al -1 |-ally -li

actinium ^ek'tiniam

addle

action 'aek/an |-able -abl, -/nabl |-bly -bli

addlebrain 'aedj^bren

Actium

addlebrained 'aedl'brend ('addle-brained 'boy)

'sektiam, 'aekjiam

'aedl |-d

-d |-ling 'aedhg, 'aedho

activate 'aekt3,vet |-vated -^vetid

addleheaded 'aedl'hgdid

activation jaekta've/an

addlepated 'aedl'petid

active 'aektiv |-vism -jizam |-vist -ist

address n a'dres, 'fedres

activity aek'tivati

address

actor 'aekta-;

ES

a'dres

|-es -iz

|-es -iz |-ed -t

addressee adres'i, ^aedres'i

'aekta^r

actress 'aektris |-es -iz

adduce a'djus, a'dius, a'dus

actual 'aekt/ual, -t/ul

adducible, -ceable a'djusabl, a'dius-, a'dus-

actuality jaekt/u'aelati

adduct a'dAkt

actually 'aektjuali, -tjuh, -t/ah

adduction a'dAkJan

actuarial jaskt/u'enal, -'er-

Adel e'del

Adela

acuity a'kjuati, a'kmati

Adelaide 'aedj^ed

-man

ES

'aeno'damajnai;

ad aed
Ada(h) leda
adage 'aedidj

ES+-'dDm-

Aden

Adaline

'aedl^ain, -jin

Adam

'aedam

s'deaCr,

|Adams

ES

adenoidal ^aedn'aidl

a'daeaCr

adept n 'aedept, a'dpt

adept adj a'dept

'aedamz

|Adams's

adequacy 'aedakwasi |-quate -kwit

adhere ad'hir, aed-;

'aedamziz

adamant

a'delfi, -fai

'edn, 'adn

adenoid 'aednpid |-ism -jizam

-iz

adagio a'dadso, a'dadsijO {It a^daidso)

Adair a'der, a'daer;

a'dflbat, college a'delba^t;

Adeline 'jedljain, -jin

Adelphi

|-s

'aedlba't,

-bat

Adelina jaedl'aina, -'Ina

acyclic e'saikkk, e'sik'e'di,

adamantine jaeda'maentin,

ES

-'hia(r,

S+-'ha(r;

|-nce -ans |-nt -ant

'aedajinaent

adhesion ad'hisan, aed-

-tin, -tain

x\damic, Louis 'lui'aedamik,

'luis-, 'liui(s)-

|-sive -siv

adhibit aed'hibit |-ed -id

adaptability a^dsepta'bilati

ad hoc 'aed'hak; ES+-'hDk

ad hominem 'aed'hamainem; ES+-'hDm-

adaptable a'daeptabl

adieu a'dju, a'diu, a'du

adaptation ^aedap'te/an, ^aedaep-

ad infinitum 'aedjinfa'naitam
ad interim 'aed'intarim

adapt a'daept

|-ed -id

adaptive a'daeptiv
|full

ES

'aedla

Adelbert

acute a'kjut, a'kiut

A.D.

|-tive -tiv |-tor -ta^;

-ta(r

actuate 'aekt/ujCt ]-ated -jCtid

a 'km-,

-iz |-d -t

|-ed -id

actuary 'aekt/u^eri

acumen a'kjumm,

[-s

ful jtooth tu6 [further 'fytia^;

ES

'fsSa [custom

[kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

advance

adipose

adjacency a'dsesnsi |-cent -snt

adolescence /aedl'esns |-cy

|-ly - i

adjectival jaedsik'taivl, 'aedsiktivj

adjourn a'ds^n;

ES

adjudge a'dgAds

|-s

a'dsamdli

-idli,

a'dssn, 3'd3yn;

|-

ed -d

-iz |-d -d

adjudicate 3'd3udijket, a'dsm-

|-d -id

adjudication ajdsudi'ke/an, Sidsiu-

adjunct 'aedsAgkt
adjuration jaedsu'rejan

adjure a'dsur, a'dsiur;

a'dsAst

ES

-id

|-ed

-abj

|-able

-snt

Adolphus a'dalfas, a'dnl- |-'s -iz

Adonais ^aeda'ne-is |-'s -iz
Adonijah ^aeda'tiaidsa
Adonis a'donis |-'s -iz
adopt a'dapt; ES+a'dnpt; |-ed -id
adoptability a,dapta'bilati; ES+ajdnpadoptable a'daptabl; ES+a'dopadoption a'dapjan; ES+a'dop-; |-tive -tiv
|-bly

-bh

l-bly

adoration ^aedaVe/an

'adla^,

'd-;

adore a'dor, a'dar;

|-tant -tant

ES

ES

a'doa(r,

E+aMaa(r;

l-d-d

-la(r

ad-lib V aed'lib |-bed -d

adorn a'dam;

ad libitum 'aed'hbitam

adown a'daun

ES

administer ad'minast*, aed-;

-ta(r

l-ed

ES

adrenal aed'rinl

a'daan; |-ed -d

|-in

aedVenlin

Adrian 'edrian [Adriana

-d |-ing -tang, -trio

administrate ad'mina^stret, aed-

jcdri'aena, -'ana

Adrianople ycdrian'opl

administrable ad'minastrabl, aed|-d -id !-tive

Adriatic jedri'aetik
adrift a 'drift

-IV

administration

adjinina'strej'an,

aed-,

jaed-

adroit a'drait

adsorb aed'sarb;

raina-

ES

administrator ad'minajstreta', aed-;

-ta(r

adjinina'stretris,

^aedmina-

administratrix adjimna'stretriks,

^aedmina-

administratress

admiral 'aedmaral

adulate 'aedsa^let

Adullam a'dAlam

-d l-dly

|-d

-idh, -dh

adulterer a'dAltara^;

-tara(r; j-tery -tan,

|-es -iz

adulterine a'dAltarin, -jtain

adulterous a'dAltaras, -tras

aed- |-ted -id |-tance -ns

adumbrate aed'Ambret, 'aedam^bret |-d

adumbration jedam'bre/an, jaedAm-

|-es -iz |-ed -t

admixture aed'mikst/a', ad-;

ES

-t/a(r

ES+-'mDn- ;

|-es

-id

adust a'dAst

ad valorem jaedva'loram, -'bram, -Em;

-iz |-ed -t

admonition jaedma'ni/an
admonitory ad'manajtori,

See in full 3-A7.

-'lor-

aed-,

-/tan;

advance ad'vaens; E+-'vans, -'vans;

ES+-'niDn-

|bath baeG;

ES

adulteress a'dAltans, -tris

aed-

aed-;

-^tori

-tri

admissible ad'misabl, aed- |-bly -bli

admonish ad'manij,

adulteration a^dAlta're/an

admissibility adjinisa'bilati, aed-

admix aed'miks, ad-

-jtari;

|-ite -jait

adulterate v a'dAlta,ret -d -id

admire ad'mair; ES -'maia(r;

admit ad'mit,

-'saap/an

adulterate adj a'dAltarit, -^ret

|-ty -ti

adW/an,

ES

|-d -id |-tion jaedsa'le/an

adulterant a'dAltarant, -trant

|-bly -bli

admiration jaedmaVeJan

-jtori,

-'saab; |-ed -d

adult a'dAlt, 'aedAlt ('a,dult 'school)

|-es -IZ 1-trices -tri^siz

admirable 'aedmarabl

admission

ES

adsorption aed'sarp/an;

adulatory 'aadsala^tori,

|-es -iz

Key:

-i [-cent

adorable a'dorab}, a'dar-; S a'dor-;

-3(r; |-d -d

-bh
adjutancy 'aedjatansi
Adler

-'naz-.

Adolf, -Iph 'dalf, 'sednlf, 'ed-

|-ly -li

adjoin a'dsain |-ed -d |-edly

often

ado a'du
adobe a'dobi

adit 'aedit

adjective 'aedsiktiv

'ad'na/i^aem,

-'nas-

Adirondack jfledaVondaek; ES+-'rDn-

adjust

nauseam

ad

adipose 'aedajpos
adiposity jseda'pasati; ES+-'pras-

|-s

-iz

l-d-t

bee bi [pity

bad (10) |ah a

|far

'piti (6)

|rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg [angry 'teg'gri

far |watch watj,

wot/ (12) |jaw dja |gorge gards

|go

go

aes triplex

advantage

|-s

E+-Van-,

adVantidj;

advantage
-iz |-d

-' van-;

advent, A- 'aedvent |-ism -jzam

Alfred

|-ist -ist

ES

adventurer adVEnt/ara';

ES

ES

t/ras

Aeneas

I'nias, i-

|-'s

Aeneid

I'niid, i-,

-ad

'vEn-

aeon

ES

vsb-.

ad'vysativ,

ES

aed-;

- 'V3S-,

-hasiz

Vt mt.

|-m -Jizam

'ian, 'ian;

loc. i'olas |-'s -iz

ES+'ion

'airy'

e'irial,

aerie 'en,

'aeri,

'in; S

aed-, 'aedvys;

ES

-3S, -ys;

ES -'v3S-, -Vs'sadvert adVs^t, aed-; ES -'v3t, -Va^t; |-ed

advertence ad'vytns, asd-; ES -Vat-, -

|-s

|-fied -jfaid

vyt-;

aerodrome 'Erajdrom,

ES

|-s

ad-

^aedva^'taizmant

ES

'aedva-

-iz |-d -d |-dly

aeromechanic jEromi'kaenik,
aerometer jea'ramata';

adviser, -sor adVaiza^;

ES

'aera-;

aeroplane 'eraiplen,

earo-;

^aero-, jcaro-;

-'ramata(r. -'rom-

'aera-

'aera-;

'aera-

aerostatic jcra'staetik, ^aera-; S ^aera-

ES

-Vaiza(r;

-zari

-sory

aerostation jero'ste/an, ^aero-; S ^aero-

aery

'airy' 'en, 'aeri;

aery

'nest' 'tri, 'aeri, 'in;

Aeschines 'eskajniz

-jket

Aeschylus 'eskalas

v 'aedvajket |-d -id

advowson adVauzn

Aesculapius

adz, adze aedz |-(e)s -iz |-(e)d -d

|-'s
|-'s

'aeri

'aeri,

'in

-iz
-iz

^Eskja'lepias

|-'s

-iz

|-pian

-plan

ES + 'isnp

adzuki aed'zuki

Aesop

Aeacus 'iakas |-'s -rz

Aedes e'idiz |-des' -diz

aesthesia es'Oisa, -31a [-thesis -'Gisis

aedile 'idail

aesthetic Es'GEtik

Aegean i'dsian |-geon -Msian

Aegeus myth, 'idsjus, -dsus |-'s
Aegina iMsaina

aestheticism Es'GEta^sizam |-thetics -'Getiks

ful [tooth tuG [further

'isap, 'isap;

aesthete 'esOiI
|-al -I |-ally -li,

-ikh

aestival 'estavj, Es'taivl

-iz

aestivate 'estajvet |-d -id |-tion jEsta'vt /an

aes triplex, A- T- 'iz'traipkks

aegis 'idsis |-es -iz

|full

aerostat 'era^staet, 'aera-; S 'aera-

-idh

advisement ad'vaizmant

advocacy 'aedvakasi
advocate n 'aedvakit

aeronautic ^era'natik, ^aera-; S ^aera-

advisable adVaizabl j-bly -bh

|-s

jaero-,

jaero-, ^earo-

aeronaut 'trajnat,

-iz

advisability adjvaiza'bilati

advise adVaiz

-li

'aera-

jaero-, jcaro-

jaedva-, -'vst-, -'vyt-

advertising, -tiz- n 'aedva^^taizig;

advice adVais

aerology ^ea'raladsi; ES+-'rDl-

-tize-

'yytiz-, -tis-;

'aera-;

aerodynamics ^erodai'naemiks,

ES

-iz |-d -d

advertisement,

e'lra-

E + 'tra-

aerobic jca'robik, e'robik |-ally

jaedva^'taiz ;

'aedva^jtaiz,

ES

'in

'aeri,

-id

|-cy -I |-tent -tnt

-ize

e'lr-.

|-ly -i

aerify e'lra^fai, 'era-, 'aera-; S e'ira-, 'aera-;

('winds adVerse, 'ad/verse 'winds)

adversity adVysati;

advertise,

jfaam, 'aera-,

'aerial;

'erial,

radio 'erial, 'erial

aeriform e'irajfarm, 'era-, 'aera-;

-'yys-

advocate

'ialas,

'aer-;

'aedva-

|-lius's

-iz

aerate 'ea^ret |-d -id |-tion jca're/an

aerial

ES

'aedva^jSeri;

|-lius

'ialis |-'s -iz |-t -t

Aeolus

|-es -iz

|-ly -i

ad verse adVys,

-frid.

Aeolia i'oba |-n -n

Aeolis

t/asam
adverb 'aedvyb; ES 'aedvsb, -vyb
adverbial adVybial, aed-, -bjal;

-has

Aemilia i'miba

-t/araCr

adVent/a^sam;

adventuress adVentJans, -tjris

adversative

ES

'jelfa-d;

'ielfrad,

-ring

-tXa(r; |-d -d

-VEnt/ani), -Vent/rig |-rous -t/aras,

-Vyb-;

'lfrid,

yElfric 'jElfrik

adventive aed'ventiv

adventure adVEntJa';

adventuresome

ES

-frad, -fad

adventitious jaedven'tijas, jaedvan-

adversary

-iz

|-'s

+ -'pot-

advantageous jaedvan'tedsas, -vaen-

-va-;

Aegisthus i'dsisGas

Aegospotami, -mos jigas'patajinai, -mas;

-d

'fs'tJa^;

ES

'kAstam [while bwail [how hau [toy tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

'fsSa [custom

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan


Agag

aestuary
aestuary '^st/uJEn
aetheling

affy a'fai |affied a'faid

{OE

'aeGalir), 'aetfaliQ

/Ethelstan

'aeGal^staen,

afghan, A- 'fgan, -gaen

'aeS-)

-stan

'aeSal-,

(OE

'-)

Afghanistan

aef 'gaena,staen, ;aefgaena'staen

afield a'fild

Aethiop

'iOijap;

Aethiopia

ES+-jDp

ES

afire a 'fair;

a'faia(r

aflame a 'flam

jiOi'opia [-n -n

Aethiopic jiOi'apik, -'opik; ES+-'Dpik

afloat a'flot

aetiology jiti'abdsi; ES+-'d1-

aflutter a'flAta-;

Aetna

afoot a'fut

'etna

ES

afar a'far;

3'fa:(r,

afore a'for, a'far;

E+3'fa:(r

affair a'fer, a'faer;

-bh

a'fUtaCr

ES

E+a'faafr

a'foafr,

see afore; (a'fore-jmentioned 'act)

3'f3(r,

ES

aforesaid a'for^sed, a'far-;

3'faB3(r

ES

aforethought a'tor^Oat, a'far-;

affectation jaefik'te/an, yaefEk-

aforetime a'forjtaim, a'far-;

affection a'fek/an |-ed -d |-ate

-it

|-s

afraid a'fred; S+a'fred

-iz ]-d -t |-ant -ant

afreet

affidavit ^aefa'devit

'aefrit

afresh a'frej"

a'filiit, -,et

afi&liate v a'fihjet |-d -id

Afric 'aefrik |-a -a |-an -an

affiliation ajfili'e/an

Afrikaans ^aefri'kanz, -'kans

ES

ES a'fsm-, afem-;

|-b]y

ES ^aefaaffirmative a'fymotiv; ES a'fsm-, a'fsrnaffirmatory a'fymajtori, -jIdfi; ES a'fsmaaffirmation jsefa^'mejan;

'aefiks |-es -iz

ES

'aefta(r,

E + 'af-,

ES see after
ES see after
afterdeck 'aefta^jdek; ES see after
after-dinner adj 'asfta^'dina^; ES 'aefta'dina(r,
'aefta-jdaemp;

'af-; ('after-^dinner 'mints)

ES

affliction a'flikjan |-tive -tiv

afterglow

affluence 'aefluans, -fliu- |-ent -ant

afterimage 'aBft3^;imid3;

afflux 'aefUks |-es -iz

afterlife 'aefta^^laif

afford a'ford, a'fard;

ES

a'foad, E+a'faad;

'aefta^jglo;

aftermath

ES

'aefta^imaeG;

afforest a'farist, a'far-, a'for- |-ed -id

aftermost

affranchise a'fraent/aiz

afternoon ^aefta^'nun;

|-s

-iz |-d

-d

affranchisement a^fraentjizmant

'af-; |-s -iz

ES

see

after;

|-ths

ES see after
ES see after
'aefta^w^d; ES 'aeftawad, E + 'af-,

afterthought

'aefrikit

afterward

'af-; |-s -z

affright a 'f rait |-ed -id

is often

Agag

affront a'frAnt |-ed -id

See in fidl 3-47.

-mast; ES see after

ES see after; ('after^noon

'aefta^jinost,

affricative a'frikativ

|bath baeO;

E + 'af-,

sec after

aftertaste 'aefta^^test;

affricate v 'aefrijket |-d -id

Key:

'af-, 'af-

'tea)

affray a'fre |-ed -d

-i-

sec after

-Gs

|-ed -id

affricate

'af-

'aefta^bsO, 'aefta^bye,

'af-

aftereffect 'aeftarajfekt;

E -h'af-,

ES

afterbrain 'jefta^jbren;

E+'af-,

afflatus o'fletas

a'fhkt |-ed -id

'aefta^;

afterbirth 'aefta-^bye;

afterdamp

a'fym-, E+-jt3ri

affix V a'fiks [-es -iz |-ed -t

afflict

aft aeft; E-^aft, aft

after

-bli

affix

-da(r

Afro- American 'a;froa'mrakan

a'fsm, a'fym; |-ed -d

affirmable a'fymabl;

/tori,

ES

Afrikander jsefri'kaenda^;

affinity a'finati

affirm a'fym;

ES

-jfar/i'ar-;

afoul a'faul

afferent 'aefarant

adj

'cjfor/i'orai,

-jfoa/i'orai, E+-jf3a/i'arai

affective a'ftktiv, ae'f-

afi&liate n,

fortiori

see afore

ES see afore
ES see afore

affect a'fekt |-ed -id

alliance a'faians

ES

afore-mentioned a'for'menjand, a'far-;

affability jaefa'bibti

affable 'aefabl |-bly

ES

bee bi |pity

ba6 (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

'aefta^^eat;

dissimilated pron. 'aeftawa-d

heard {121).

'egasg

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang sa;r| langr}?^ 'aeij-gri

far |watch wat/,

wntj (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards

|go

go


ahem

again
again a 'gen,

Agincourt 'aedsm,kort, -^kart;

less freq. or poet, a 'gen

Agamemnon jaega'memnan,

-nan; ES+- nnn

'ega',

ES -ga:(r, -g3(r
ES 'egar'ega:(r

agio 'aedso, 'aedsiiO {It 'a:dso)

Aglaia a'glea

Agassiz 'aegasi |Agassiz's 'aegasiz

aglet 'aeglit

agate w

agley a'glai = agly 'asquint^

'aegit, 'aagat

agate adv a 'get

aglow a'glo

Agatha

agly

'aegaOa

= agley

a'glai

Burns

in

-jwnm

agnat

'aegnaet

agaze a'gez

Agnes

'aegnis,

age eds iages 'edsiz \past & pptc aged e dsd

Agnew

-age unstressed ending -ids, -ads.

agnostic

'aeg3,w3m, -jwam,

the

when only -ids

is given, it is to he

many

speakers pronounce

understood that

with

agnate 'aegnet
-nas

|-'s

'aegnju, -niu,

-iz

-nu

aeg'nastik;

ES + -'nDS-;

|-ism

-ta^sizam

Agnus Dei

'aegnas'diai

ago a'go

-ads.
'edsid, 'of the age

'old'

agog a 'gag, a'gog

of edsd

agelong 'eds'bg, -'Ing; S+-'lao; ('age Jong

agonize 'aega^naiz

agony

'drift)

agenda pi a'dsenda

\sg

agendum a'dsendam

-iz |-d -d

|-s

-z |-rae -^ri

agoraphobia jaegara'fobia
agouti a'guti

ageratum ^aedsa 'retain

Ageratum a'dseratam, jaedsa'retam
agglomerate adj, n a'glamarit,

|-s

'aegani |-ied -d

agora 'aegara

agency 'edsansi [agent 'edsant

agrarian a'grerian, a'grer- |-ism -^izam

ES+

-iret;

agree a'gri

|-d

-d |-able -abl |-bly -bh

agreeability ajgria'bilati

-'glnm-

agglomerate v a'glama/ret; ES+-'glDm-

l-d

Agricola a'grikala
agricultural jaegri'kAltJaral [-ly

-id

ES

agglomeration ajglama'rejan; ES-i--;glDm-

agriculture 'aegrijkAltJa';

agglutinate adj a'ghitnit, -'gliu-, -^et

agriculturist /aegri'kAltJarist

agglutinate v a'glutrijct, -'gliu-

j-d -id

-tive

agrimony

-i |-ist -ist

-t/aCr

'aegrajinoni

Agrippa a'gripa

-tiv

agrology a'graladsi; ES+-'grDl-

agglutination ajglutn'ejan, -;glm-

aggrandize 'aegran^daiz, a'graen-

-iz

|-s

-d-d

aggrandizement a'graendizmant
aggravate 'aegrajvet
aggregate , adj
aggregate

|-d -id |-tion

jaegra'vejan

v 'aegri^get |-d -id |-tive -iv

aggregatory 'aegrigaitori,
aggress a'gres

-,tari;

ES

-d |-dly -idli

j-d

ague 'egju

|-d

Aguecheek

'egju^t/ik

Ahab

a'grEsa(r

'ehseb

Ahasuerus ajhaezju'iras, a^haesu-

aghast a'gaest; E+a'gast, a'gast

Ahaz

agile 'aedsal, 'aedsil |-ly -dsilli, -dsili

ahead a 'bed

agility a'dsilati

ahem

[tooth tuG [further

'fs^'Sa^;

-d |aguing 'egjuig

ah a
aha a'ha, a'ha, 'a'ha

aggression a'gre/an |-sive -siv

aggrieve a'griv

-mist

aguinaldo, A- iUgi'naldo {Sp ^agi'naldo)

-^tori

|-es -iz |-ed -t

aggressor a'gresa^;

agronomic jaegra'namik; ES + -'nDm-; |-al -I

agronomy a'granami; ES-h-'grnn-; [-mist

aground a'graund

'aegrigit, -^get

aggregation i^gri'gejan

Ifull ful

rimed

joy, then pronounced dsai

agave, A- a'gevi

aged

-a(r

agitation jsedsa'te/an

agaric 'aegarik, a'gaerik

vocab.

ES

agitate 'aedsa,tet |-d -id |-tor -a';

'agar;

agar-agar 'egar'egar;

Agawam

-jkoat, E-i-

agiotage 'aedsatids, 'aedsia-

agape a'gep, a'gaep

agar 'egar,

ES

-jkaat

against a'genst, less freq. or poet, a'genst

ES

'fstJa

'ehaez

|-'s

-iz

-'s -iz

a 'hem, 'in^m''m^m rc.

[custom 'kAstani [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

Aherne

10

Aherne a'hyn; ES a'hsn, a'hyn

albatross
aisle ail [aisled aild j-less 'aillis

Ahithophel, Ahito- a'hita^fel

Aisne en {Fr :n)

Ahmed

aitch et/ [aitches 'et/iz [-bone -jbon

'amid, 'amed

ES

ahorse a'hars;

Aix eks

a'haas

ES

ahorseback a'harsjbaek;

[-'s

-iz

ES

Ahoskie a'haski; ES+a'hos-

ajar a'dsar;

ahoy a'hoi
ahungered

Ajax 'edsaeks

Ai

ES

a'hAijga'd;

{Fr Eks)

Aix-la-Chapelle 'ekslaJae'pEl {Fr Eksla/a'pEl)

a'hoas-

Akbar

-gad

a'dsaifr, E-t-a'd3a:(r

'aekbar;

ES

ake Ho ache^ ek

'eai

-iz

|-'s

-ba:(r,

E+-ba:(r

[-d -t

aid ed aided 'edid

Aida a 'Ida
aide ed
aide-de-camp

Akenside 'ekin^said, 'ekanakimbo a'kimbo

'edda'kaemp,

'edda'ka

{Fr

Kempis a'ksmpis

akin a 'kin

Akkad

edda'ka)
aides-de-camp 'edzda'kaemp, 'edzda'ka {Fr
Edda'ka)

-iz

[-'s

'aekaed

Akkadian a'kedian, a'kadAkron 'aekran [-ite -^ait

aiglet 'egbt

aigrette 'egret, e'gret

Alabama

Aiken 'ekin, -an

alabamine jaela'baemui,

-in

alabaster 'aela^baesta^;

ES

ail el

ailed eld |-ment

-mant

ailanthus, A- e'laenOas -es -iz

Aileen

'elin, 'ai-, e'lin, ai-

air Er, aer;

E E3(r, ES aBa(r

air-cool 'er^kul, 'aer-;

air-cooled

adj

ES

see air; |-ed -d

'sr'kuld,

'aer-;

ES

see

air;

^ala'kart;

ES

-'ka:t, E-f--'ka:t;

aircraft 'etjkraeft, 'aer-;

'ea-, 'aea-, -^kraft.

-jkraft; S 'aea^kraeft

ES see air
ES see air; |-ied
Airedale 'er^del, 'aer-; ES see air
airfield 'er/fild, 'aer-; ES see air
airfoil 'Er^fail, 'aer-; ES see air
'aer-;

'Ef/port,

'aea-, -^paat;

'aer-;
'aer-,

ES

alary 'elan,

'Eajpoat,

'ael-

Alastor

a'laesta^, -tar;

ES

-ta(r, -t3a(r

alb aelb

'aer-;

Alban 'alban
alban chem. 'aelban

Albania ael'benia, -nja

Albans 'albanz

Albany

S 'aen

See in full 3^7.

-iz

alate 'elet [alated 'eletid

ES see air
ES see air
airsick 'er^sik, 'aer-; ES see air
airt Ert, ajrt, ert; E Eat, ES aeat, eat
airtight 'sr'tait, 'aer-; ES see air
airway 'Er^we, 'aer-; ES see air

[bath baeO;

[-'s

Alaska a'laeska -n -n

airship 'Er^Jip, 'aer-;

'Eri, 'aeri;

a'la:b-;

alas a'laes; E-f-a'las, a 'las

S 'aeajpoat

airproof 'sr'pruf,

ES

{Fr ala'mad)

alarm a'larm; ES a'larm, E+a'la:m

alarum a'laeram, a'kram; S a'laeram

see air

-jpart;

^aela-

Alaric 'aelarik

-d

airily 'erali, 'aer-, -ili; S 'aer-

airplane 'Er^plen,

'aela^mo

alamode jola'mod,
Aland 'aland, 'aAlarbus a'larbas;

airdrome 'Er^drom, 'ar-;

air-dry 'Er^drai,

Alamannic jiela'maemk
alameda ^aela'meda
Alanieda ^aela'mida, -'meda {Sp jala'meSa)
alamo '^la^mo, 'al- {Sp 'alajmo)

Alamo

('air-jcooled 'motor)

Key:

carte

Aladdin a'laedin, a'laedn

Ainu 'ainu

airy

la

alacrity a'laekrati

ain't ent

airport

E-i--,bas-,

alack a'laek

emd

[aimed

-ta(r,

-mian

{Fr ala'kart)

Ailsa 'elsa, Sc 'elsa

em

;aela'baema j-n -n j-mian

-jbas-

aileron 'elajtan; ES-h-irDii

aim

la 'ala, 'ala {Fr ala)

[-'s

[-n

'albani

albatross 'aelba^tras, -jtros

bee bi [pity

baO (10) |ah a

[far

'piti

-n

-iz

[-es -iz

(6) [rate ret [yet JEt jsang saeg |angr\' 'aeg'gn

far [watch watj",

wot/ (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards

[go

go

albeit

Albemarle

ES

^aelbajmarl;

E+

-jma:!,

blda(r

alderman blda^man; ES blda-; [-men -man

ES pldaES bldani
blda^ Jat; ES blda Jat, -Jot

aldermanic plda^'maenik;

-jina:l

ES 'aelbat
ael'byta; ES -'bsta,

Alderney blda^m;

'aelba^t;

Alberta

ES

alder blda^;

albeit orbiit

Albert

Algiers

11

Aldershot

-'byta

Albigenses jaelbi'dsensiz

Aldine bldain, bldin

albinism Wlbajnizam

Aldington bldigtan

albino ael'baino |-binoism -jizam

Aldrich bldrit/

Albion 'aelbtan, -bjan

ale el

Albright blbrait

aleatory 'eliajtori, -jtari; S -/ton

Albro blbro, cf Aldborough

alee a'li

album 'aelbam, -bm

albumen jel'bjuman, -'bium-

alehouse 'el^haus

albumin aerbjumin, -'biumalbuminoid

|-'s

-iz

|-ses -ziz

Alemannic jaela'maenik

|-ate -it, -^et

-'bium-

ael'bjumijnDid,

|-nose

alembic a'lembik

Alenfon a'lensan, -san, -son {Fr ala'so)

Aleppo a'lepo

-jnos -nous -nas

I

Albuquerque 'aelba^kyki, jaelba'kyki, -bju-;

ES

-3-,

-y-

Alethea

alburnum ael'bynain; ES
Alcaeus aersias

|-'s

ES

alert a'l^t;

a'bt, a'lyt; [ed -id

^aela'Gia,

aUiOia

Aleut 'aeh/Ut

-'ban-, -'byn-

Aleutian a'lu/an, a'liu-

-iz

Alcaic ael'ke-ik

alewife 'el^waif |-wives -jWaivz

alcaide ael'ked {Sp al'kaiSe)

Aleyn

alcalde ael'kaeldi {Sp al'kalde)

Alexander jaebg'zaenda^,

Alcatraz

jselks'traez

'aelkajtraez,

{Am Sp

A-

aerkaeza^;

Alcestis ael'sEstis

-an

|-'s

ES

-z3(r;

{Sp al'kaOar)

Alexas a'leksas
Alexis a'kksis

Alcibiades jaelsa'baiajdiz

alfalfa,

|-'s

-iz

-'zaenda(r;

|-'s

A-

-ksas

|-xis'

-ksis

ael'faelfa

Alford blfa^d;

-iz

Alcmene aelkWini

ES

blfad

Alfred 'aeUrid, -frad, -fa^d;

Alcoa ael'koa

ES

-frid, -frad,

-fad

alcohol 'aelkajhol, -yhol, -jhal |-ism -jizam

jaelks^hahk,

|-xas'

Alfonso ael'fanzo, -so; ES+-'fDn-

Alcides ael'saidiz |-des' -diz

Alcinoiis ael'sinuas

-li,

ES

alexin aUeksin

-iz

alchemist 'felkamist |-my -nu

alcohohc

jtlig-;

|-dra -dra |-dria -dria |-drian -drian |-drine

-drin

^alka'tras)

alcazar,

'aelin,

-'hnl-,

-'hal-

|-ally

-ikh

Alfreda ael'frida ('Al^freda 'Burroughs)

Alfredian ael'fridian
alfresco ael'fresko

alcoholicity jaelkdbarisati, -hoi-, -hal-

Alfric 'aeUrik

Alcoran jaelko'ran, -'ran

alga 'aelga algae 'aeldsi

Alcott bikat

algebra 'aeldsabra

alcove 'aelkov

algebraic jaeldsa'bre-ik

Alcuin 'alkwin

algebraist 'aeldsajbre-ist

Alcyone

Algeciras ^aeldsi'siras

aersaiajiii

Alda 'alda
Aldan Pa bldan, Russia al'dan
Aldborough bld^byo, 'al^b-, -a; ES

Alger

'aeld33';

ES

j-al -1 |-ally -ji, -ikli

|-'s

-iz

{Sp

jalxe'Giras)

'aeldgaCr

Algeria ael'dsiria j-n -n

-jbsr-,

-jbAr-, -jby-; Brit bldbara, bib-, -bra

Algerine iaeldja'tin

Algernon 'aeldsa^nan;

Aldebaran sel'dEbaran

algid 'aeldsid

aldehyde 'aeldajhaid

Algiers

ael'dsirz;

ES

ES

'aeldsa-

-'dsiaz,

S+-'d3Eaz;

Alden bldin, -dan

|full

ful Itooth tue [further 'fytSa-;

ES

'fstJa

[custom jkAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

Algoi
Algol

allomorphic

12
all- American

'aelgal, -gol

bb'tnerakan

Algoma ael'goma

Allan 'aebn

Algona ael'gona
Algonkian seVgagkion, -'gngAlgonquian ael'gagkian, -kwian, -'gogAlgonquin ael'gagkin, -kwin, -'goo-

Allardice 'aela^jdais;

algorism '^elgajrizam |algorithm 'aelgajriiJam

Allegany

Alhambra ael'haembra

allegation jaeb'ge/an

alias 'elias |-es -iz

allege

Ali

Baba

Alice

|-'s

-iz

Allegan 'aebgan

NY

Md,

a'kds

|-s

'aeb^geni

-iz |-d -d |-dly -idli

Alleghany NC, Va 'aeb^geni

Allegheny

-d

Pa city,

-iz

|-s

,xWgorik,

allegoric

Alicia a'lijia
alien 'eljan, 'eban

'aeb^geni

riv., college

allegiance a'lidsans

'aelis |-'s -iz

Aliena Shak.

'asb-;

('all-a, round 'skill)

allay a'le |-ed -d

'aeh'baba, 'ali'baba

alibi 'aebjbai |-ed

ES

all-around 'ab'raund

-'gar-,

-'gor-

j-al

-I

'aebgarist;

|-ally -li, -ikli

allegorist

^eli'ina

'aebjgorist,

-igor-,

-;gor-, -gar-

alienability jcljana'bibti, jclian-

alienable 'eljanabl, 'elian-

allegoristic ^aebga'ristik

alienate 'eljanyct, 'elian- |-d -id

allegorize 'aebga^raiz

alienation jcljan'ejan, /chon-

allegory 'aeb/gon, -jgari; S -;gori

alienism 'eljaiijizam, 'ehan-

allegretto ,a2la'greto {It jalle'gretto)

|-ist -ist

-d

-iz |-d

|-s

allegro a'legro, a'kgro (// al'le:gro)

alight adv a'lait

-an

alight V a'lait |-ed -id or alit a 'lit

Alleine

align 3 'lam |-ed -d

allelomorph a'lib;marf, -'kl-;

alike a'laik

alleluia ,aela'luja, -'liuja

aliment n 'aebmant

allemande jaeb'maend (Fr al'maid)

aliment

Allen

'ael3jm2nt |-ed -id

alimental ^aela'niEntl

'aelin,

'aelin,

Allenby

|-ly -i

Allentown

ahmentation jaebniEn'te/an
alimony 'aebjinoni

allergic a'lydjik;

-an-

'aelin^taun, -an-

ES -'bds-, -'lydsES 'aebdsi

'aela^tan; ES 'aelatan

allergy 'aela^dsi;

Allerton

-d

|-d

-,maaf

-an

'felinbi,

alimentary jaeb'mEntari, -'mEntri

ahne a 'lam

ES

Aline a'lin

alleviate a'livijCt |-d -id |-tion ajlivi'ej"an

aliquant 'aebkwant Iquot -kwat

alley

Aliquippa ^seb'kwipa

Alleyn 'aelm, -an

Alison 'aebsn

Allhallows pl'hasloz, -laz

alit

past b' pptc of alight a 'lit

'aeli

alliance,

|-ed -d

A- a'laians

alive a'laiv

aUied a'laid

alizarin a'lizarm j-rine -rin -jfin

Allies 'aelaiz, a'laiz

alkahest 'aelka^hEst

alligator 'aebjgeta';

alkalescence jaelks'lEsns |-cy

-i |-nt

|-s

-iz |-d -t

('aljlied 'armies)

ES

-jgeta(r

Allingham 'aeligam

-nt

alkali 'aelkajai

Allison 'aebsn

alkalify 'aelkab^fai, ael'kaeb- |-fied -^faid

alliterate a'lita,ret |-d -id |-tive -iv

alkaline 'aelka^lain, -lin

alliteration ajbta'rejan, ^aebta-

allocable 'aebkabl

alkalinity jaelka'linati
alkalize 'ajlkajaiz

-s -iz |-d

alkaloid 'aelkajaid

|-al

Alkoran

-d

allocate 'aeb^ket, 'aelo- |-d -id

allocation ,aela'keXan, ,aelo-

^aelka'bidj

allocution jaeb'kju/an,

^a^lkc'ran, -'rasn

jaelo-,

ES

allDl

allomorph 'aeb/inarf;

Allah 'aeb, 'ab

allomorphic jaeb'marfik;

Key:

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

-'kiu-

-^maaf

ES

-'maaf-

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr>' 'ieg-gri

far |vvatch wat/,

wot/ (12) |jaw d5a |gorge gards

|go

go


allopath
allopath 'aebjpjEG

Alne an

-Os

|-tlis

Alnmouth

allopathic ^aeb'paeOik

ES+-Udp-;

allopathist a'lapaGist;

ES+a'lot;

allot a'lat;

j-thy -Gi

Alnwick

1-ted -id

aloe

ES+-'trDp-;

jsela'trapik;

allotropic
l-ally -h,

|-al

-1

-ikh

bliOva^;

ES

'aenik, loc. 'anik

'aelo |-s -z

aloft a'bft, a 'loft

along a'bg, a'lng; S+a'lag

-'ov3(r; (an bl'ova^

wan)
allow a'lau |-ed -d 1-edly -idli

allowance a'lauans

|-s

'aebi,

(a'long'side

it,

aloud a'laud

a'bi

all-round bl'raund ('all-around 'help)

Aloysius

allspice 'al/Spais

alp aelp

j-s

-iz

a'lo
jselo'isias, -'i/as |-'s -iz

alpaca ael'paeka

Allston 'alstan

Alpena

allude a'lud, a'liud |-d -id

a'liur;

ES

3'liu3(r;

a'luafr,

ael'pina

alpenhorn 'aelpin^harn, -pan-;

ES

allusion a'lusan, a'liusan, ae-

alpha, A-

allusive a'lusiv, a'liusiv

alphabet

alluvial a'luvial, a'liuv-, -vjal

alphabetic ^aelfa'betik

alluvion a'luvian, a'liuv- |-vium -viam ]-via

alphabetize 'aelfaba^taiz

'aelfa
'aelfa jbet

Alphaeus, -phe- Bib.

-via

Alpheus mod. name

'aelai, a'lai

Alphonse

ally V a'lai [allied a 'laid

almagest 'aelmajdjest

The

-ta(r;

hybrid

'aelma'mata^

is

fre-

-s -iz |-d

'almajiiaek, 'almanik

'aelfias, viyth. ael'fias

ael'fanz, -'fonz, -'fanz

Alphonso

ael'fanzo, -so;

Alps aelps

Alsace ael'ses,

'aelsaes |-'s -iz

{Fr al'zas)

Almon

Alsatia ael'se/ia, -/a |-tian -/an

'aelman

'aemand, now

almond 'amand, 'aemand

less

freq., is preserved by some old families. In

'amana';

ES

-na(r

al'most,

'aljinost

amz

[full

ael'tai, ael'te-ai

ES

al'most;

altar

'alta^;

ES

'alta(r; |-ed

altarpiece 'alta^^pis;

|-s

[Altaic ael'te-ik

-ia(r

Altamaha pltama'ha
('done,

alter

-iz

-d

'alta-; [-s -iz

'alta^;

ES

'alta(r;

|-ed

-d [-ing 'altarig.

'altrig

]^\

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa^;

ES

altazimuth aelt'aezamaG

-giving -jgivig [-house -^haus

almuce 'aelmjus, -mius

Aln aeln, loc.+eX, 'alan,

also 'also

Altair ael'ta-ir;

'aljmost 'done)

alms

-Id-, 'aeljsaes-

alsike 'aelsaik, 'al-

Altai

is freq.

almonry 'aelmanri, 'amanri

almost

{Fr

ES+-'fDn-

Alsace-Lorraine 'ael^seslc'ren,

'aelmana"^,

-iz

alright al'rait

'aelma'taedima

'aelmand

|-'s

Alpine 'aelpain, -pin

almighty, A- al'maiti ('al^mighty 'truth)

NEngd

-d

ael'fias, 'aelf- |-'s -iz

already al'redi

quently heard.

Alma-Tadema

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

al'fo:s)

Alma US 'aelxna, Russia 'alma

Alma Mater 'aelma'meta', 'alma'mata^; ES

almoner

-^haan

alpenstock 'aelpin^stak, -pan-; ES+-jStDk

l-d-d

almanac

S+a'lag-;

a'log-;

a'longjside a 'barge)

aloof a'luf

alow

-jXoa(r,

Alonso, -zo a'lanzo; ES+a'lon-

-iz

alloy V a'bi |-ed -d

a'lur,

a'bg'said,

alongside

Alio way 'aela^we

ally

alongshore a'bgy/or, a'lng-, -j/ar;

-;X3a(r; S -/Xoa(r, a'lag-

allowable a'lauabl |-bly -bli

allure

+ 'elmaG,

alone a 'Ion

-jOV3(r

ES

allover adj bl'ova^;

alloy

/oc.

aloha a'loa, a'loha

allotropy a'latrapi; ES+a'lot-

-maO,

'aelnjmauG,

'JElmaG

alio trope 'ael3;trop

allover

alter

13

ES

'fa'Sa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

alterant bltarant
alteration plta're/an |-rative bltajretiv
altercate blta^^ket,

ES

-ta-

^ael-;

ES

'ael-;

altercation plta^'ke/an,

ES

ael-;

alternate n, adj blta^nit,

ES

-ta-; |-ly-Ii,

ES -ta- |-d -id

alternation plta^'nejan, ^ael-; ES -taalternative al'tynativ, ael-; ES -'tsn-, -'tynalternator blta'jneta^, 'ael-; ES -ta^netaCr
'ael-

Altgeld 'altgeld {Ger

-jdar;

'aemala^kait

|-ite

amalgamate adj a'malgamit, -^met

amalgamate v a'maelga^met l-d -id
amalgamation a^maelga'me/an

Amanda a'maenda
amanita, A- ,aema'naita,

-'nita

amanuensis a^maenju'ensis

'altgelt)

amaranth 'aemajraenO

ael'eia

ES

altimeter ael'timata^,

[-ths -6s

Amarillo ;aema'rilo
'aeltajinita^;

ES

A-

amaryllis,

-ta(r

jaema'rilis |-lises -lisiz

altissimo ael'tisa^mo {It al'tissi^mo)

Amasa

altitude 'aelta^tjud, -jtiud, -jtud

amass a'maes |-es -iz [-ed

amateur n 'aema^t/ur,

altitudinal jaelta'tjudnl, -'tiud-, -'tud-

Altman 'altman

-ta',

alto 'aelto

-'kium-

ES

-'gEtfoir

'altn

-tjacr,

Altoona ael'tuna
-rilievo

best

'alto-ri-

-ta(r,

^aema'taCr,

alto-stratus 'aelto'stretas

altruism 'aeltru,izani

amateurish

|-es -iz |-ti -tai

{Fr ama'toe:r)

The

tite

'aelam |-ed -d
a'liu-

aluminium jaelja'miniam
aluminum a'lummam, a'liu- |-nous -nas
alumna a'lAmna |alumnae a'Umni
alumnus a'Umnas [-'s -iz |-ni -nai
Alva 'aelva

ES

-'vlala(r

alveolus ael'vialas

|-li

-Jai

1st,

most

Otiier prons.

habits of English.

aem'bedsiz

ambassador aem'baesada^, am-; ES -da(r

ambassadorial aem^baesa'dorial, am-, -'dar-;
S -'dor-

ambassadress aem'baesadris, am-

ES

ambidexterity jSembadeks'tErati
bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'aemba^;

ambidexter

|-es -iz

'aemba(r; |-ed -d

ambergris 'aemba^jgris, -gris;

1st.

jaema'tyij", -'tjuri/, -'tiur-, -'tur-;

A.M., a.m. 'e'em

in full 3-^7.

TJte 2d, 3d,

normal variations of the

amber

|bath bae6;

-tja'.

-jtua(r.

freq., accords

alway 'alwe
always 'alwiz, 'alwez, 'alwaz; S 'alwez, -wiz
alyssum, A- a'lisam
am stressed 'aem, ^aem; tmstr. am,

Key: See

-jtor,

-jtiua(r,

amatory 'aemajtori, -jtari; S -jtori

amaze a'mez |-s -iz |-d -d |-dly -idk
Amaziah jaema'zaia
Amazon, a- 'aema^zan, -zn; ES+-jZDn
Amazonian, a- jaema'zonian
ambage 'aembids |-s -iz or as L ambages

'aeltas |-'s -iz

aludel 'aeljujdel

alveolar ael'viala^;

{Fr

-'ty;

ES+-'t3riX
amative 'aemativ

|-ist -ist

altruistic jjcltru'istik |-ally -li, -ikli

alumina a'lumina,

-jtiur,

'aemajtXua(r,

-ta(r;

with

-t/a^,

-jtiua(r.

see note below

4th, 6 5th are

'IJEIVO)

alum

'aemayt/uaCr,

were reported.

alto-relievo 'aeltOTi'livo {It

Altus

ES

-ta^;

-jtur,

-jtiur,

ES

jaema'ty;

ama'toe:r)

j-es

-t

amateur adj 'aema^tjur,

altogether plta'getJa^;

Alton

'aemasa

-jtua(r, -tXa(r,

jaelto'kjumjalas,

-Jai

|-li

-sis \pl -nses

|-sis'

amaranthine jaema'raenOin

-jhaan

although, altho ar'So

-iz

E+

-^doaCr,

-'nslz

althorn 'aelt^harn;

alto-cumulus

ES

{Sp iama'tSar)

amalgam a'maelgam

ael'Oia

A-

'aema^dor,

amain a 'men
Amalek 'aemajek

flcc/+ al 'ternate (ly

alternate v blta^^net,

-iz

Amador
-jdaaCr;

-'t3n-, -'tyn-

'ael-;

Amabel 'aema^bEl
Amadis 'aemadis |-'s

-ta-

alter ego 'aelta^'igo, -'go

alternant al'tynant,

althea,

ambidexterity

14

alterant

Althaea

jaemba'deksta-;

ES 'aembaES -'deksta(r;

|-trous -tras

'piti (6)

|rate ret |yet jet [sang saeg langn*' 'aeo'gri

far |watch watj,

wot/ (12) |jaw dja [gorge gards

|go

go

ambient

amort

15

Amesbury

ambient 'aembiant
ambiguity jsembi'gjuati, -'giuati
ambiguous aem'bigjuas
ambition aem'bi/an |-tious -/as
ambivalence aem^bivalans |-cy -i |-ent -ant

'emzjberi,

-ban

amethyst 'aemaOist
Amfortas Ger am'fartas
Amherst 'aema^st; ES '^emast
amiability ^emia'bilati

amble 'aembi |-d -d |-ling ^^embhg, 'jemblig

ambler, A- 'aembla^; ES 'aembl3(r
Ambleside ^aembl^said
Ambridge 'aembrids |-'s -iz
Ambrose 'aembroz j-'s -iz

amiable 'emiabl

ambrosia aem'brosia, -33

amid prep a 'mid

amide chem. 'aemaid, 'aemid |-mid -mid

|-1

|-Uy

-1

-li |-n

-n

Ambrosian aem'brozian, -san

ambrotype 'aembra^taip, -bro-

ambry

amicability jaemika'bilati

amicable 'aemikab} |-bly -bh

amice 'aemis

|-s

-iz

amidine 'aemi^din,

ambsace ^emzjes, ^aemz- |-s -iz

ambulance 'aembjabns |-s -iz |-d
ambulate 'aembjajet |-d -id

ambulatory ^aembjabjton, -/tori; S

ambuscade jaembas'ked |-d -id

ambush 'aembu/ 1-es -iz |-ed

ameba a'miba |-s -z |-bae -bi
amebean jaemi^bian

-dm

ameliorate a'miljajret

-jtori

amir a'mir;

-t

|-n

ES

a'mia(r

amiss a 'mis

-n

Amite a'mit
amitosis ^iema'tosis

amity 'aemati [Amityville

ammeter 'aem/mita',
ammine 'aemin

|-d -id

'e'raen,

ammino

'aemi^no

Ammon

'aeman

-bk

ammoniacal ^aema'naiakl
ammoniate a'moni/Ct |-d -id
ammonite 'aemajnait

ammonia a'monja,

'a 'men

god 'aman

amenable a'minabl, a 'men-

|-bly

'e^men'Rarna';
|-ed -id |-s

ES

'femati^vil

'ae^mita^;

'a-; singing

amelioration a/iniljaVe/an

amen 'e'men; worship

amidst a 'midst

Amiens Shak. 'aemianz, Dublin street 'emjanz.

Fr city 'aemianz |-'s -iz {Fr a'mja)
amine a'min |amin 'aemin
amino a'mino

amebic a'mibik [ameboid a'mibaid

ameer a'mir; ES a'miaCr
Amelia a'miija

amend a 'mend

|-din

amidships a'midjips
-nt

-t |-nt

ambulation jaembja'le/an

Amen Comer

-dm

amido a'mido, 'aemijdo

'aembri

Amen Egyp

|-bly -bli

amic 'aemik

-'kaana(r

a'mendz, a'menz

Ammonite

ES -jmita(r

-nia [-niac a'moni/aek

'aeman^ait

amenity a'menati

ammonium a'moniam

ament 'catkin' 'aemant, 'emant

ament 'moron' 'emant

ammunition /aemja'ni/an
amnesia aem'nisia, -3a
amnesty 'aem^nesti, 'aemnasti

amentia e'men/ia, a'menjia

amerce a'mys; ES a'mss, a'mys;

America a'meraka, a'menka

j-s

|-n

-iz 1-d -t

-n |-nism

amok a'mAk, a'mak, a'mnk

among a'mAg |-st -st, -kst

-'kaena, -'kana

Americanize a'merakan^aiz

|-s

-iz |-d

-d

Americus a'menkas |-'s -iz

Americus Vespucius a'menkas ves'pju/as.
-'piu-

Amerigo Vespucci a'merijgo ves'put/i

{It

jame'ri:go ves'puttji)

Amerind 'aema^rind
Ifull

-bl |-n -n

amoebic a'mibik [amoeboid a'mibaid

-n^izam

Americana a/mera'kena,

amoeba a'mlba |-s -z |-bae

amoebaean ^aemi'bian

|-ian

jaema'rindian

ful [tooth tue [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fstJa

amoral e'maral, e'maral, e'mnral

Amorite 'aemajtait

amorous 'aemaras
amorphism a'marfizam; ES a'maafamorphous a'marfas; ES a'maafas
amort a 'mart; ES a'maat
[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

amortization

16

amortization jaema-ta'ze/an, ajinart-, -ai'z-;

ES

amortize

-iz |-d

|-s

Amory 'emari
Amos 'emas |-'s

ES

a'mortaiz;

'aema^^taiz,

a'moa-;

amylolysis jaemi'labsis; ES-i--UdI-

amylose 'aemi^bs |amylum 'aemibm

a^maat-

iflema-,

anal

'aema-.

Amyot
Amzi

-d

'emiat (Fr a'mjo)

'aemzai

an unstressed an, n
ana 'ena, 'ana

-iz

rarely stressed 'aen, ^aen

Amoskeag jaemas'kEg
amount o'maunt |-ed -id
amour a'mur, ae-; ES -'mu3(r
amour-propre Fr amur'prbpr

-ana -'ena, -'aena, -'ana

Amoy

anachronism a'naekrajnizam

anabolism a'naebljizam

a'mai

amperage aem'pirids,

Ampere
(/^r

Anabaptist /asna'baeptist
anabasis, A- a'naebasis |-bases -bajsiz

-iz

anachronistic

-Vi3(r. -pE3(r;

-b, -ikb

'aenijpirids

aem'pir, 'asmpcr;

ES

|-s

anaclinal jsena'klainl

anacUtic j^ena'kbtik

anacoluthic

jaenaka'luOik,

-'bu9- |-ally -b.

-ikb

anacoluthon jSenaka'luOan, -'bu6-, -on, -an

anaconda, A- ^aena'kanda; ES+-'kDnAnacortes ^aena'kartiz,

I-'S

ES

amphitheater, -tre ^semiafiht^, -fii3-;

-tez, -tas;

ES

'kaa-;

-IZ

Anacostia ^aena'kastia, -'kos-, -'kas-

Anacreon a'nkrian, -^an; ES+-jDn

-t3(r

'aemfara

ample 'aempl

|-s

Anacreontic a^naekn'ontik;

-z |-rae -^ri

|-r -pla^;

ES

-pl3(r; |-st -plist

amplifier 'asmpbjfaia^;

amplify 'sempla^fai

ES

ampulla aem'pAla, -'pub

-z |-lae

amputate 'aempjajtet, 'aempju- |-d

amputation jaempja'tejan, -pjuAin'ritsa^;

ES

-cruses -siz

-'da:ko

E+

anaerobe aett'ea^rob

-li

anaerobic aenjea'robik, jaenE'robik

-id

anaesthesia jaenas'Oisa, -31a

anaesthetic jaenas'Oetik |-ally -b, -ikb

Amsterdam US 'aemsta^jdaem, Nelh+ ,xmst2^Maem; ES -sta-; {Dii jamstar'dam)

anaesthetist a'nesOatist

Amstutz 'aemstAts
amuck a'mAk

anaglyph 'aena^gbf

{Ger 'am/tuts)

anaesthetize a'nesGa^taiz

|-s

-iz |-d -d

anagoge jaena'godsi j-gogy 'aenajgodgi

amulet 'aemjalit

anagogic ^aena'gadsik; ES-i--'gDd3-;

Amundsen 'amansn, 'amundsn

Amur a'mur; ES a'mua(r
amuse a'mjuz, a'miuz

-iz

|-s

l-ally

|-d

-d

|-dly

1-al

-!

-b, -ikb

anagram 'aenajgraem
anagrammatic jaenagra'maetik

-j

I-ally

'ana^kim

1-ims

|-al

-h. -ikb

-idli

Anaheim 'asnajbaim
Anak 'enaek |-s -s

amusive a'mjuziv, a'miuziv

'emi

amygdalin a'migdakn

|-line

'aemil [-ase -i^les |-ene -ijin

Key:

See in full 3~17.

anal 'enl

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

|-im

'aenajkimz

-bn, -^lain

amyl

Ibath baeO;

anadromous a'naedramas
anaemia a'nimia |-mic -nuk

-'ritsa(r

[-es -iz

ES

anadem 'ajnajdem

-jtiud, -^tud

|-s

jaena'dorko;

-'da:ko

-,fai'3(r

|-fied -;faid

amphtude 'aempbjtjud,
amply 'iempli

ES + -'Dntik

anacrusis ^aena'krusis, -'kriu-

Anadarko

amplification jacmpbfa'keXan

Amy

l-ally

anacoluthia /aenaka'lu6ia, -'bu6-

-pas-

amphetamine aem^fetajinin, -mm

amphibian aem'fibian |-bious -bias
amphibrach 'aemfijbraek
amphictyon ajm'fiktian |-y -i
amphictyonic aem^fikti'anik; ES+-'DnAmphion asm'faian

Amritsar

-1

|-al

anachronous a'naekranas

a'p:r)

ampere 'aempir, sem^pir; ES -pi3(r, -V^Cr

ampersand ^semp^s,xnd, jaempa's'aBnd; ES

amphora

a^naekra'nistik

'piti

|-ly -i

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saerj |angr}' 'aeg-gri

far [watch wat/,

wotj

(12) |jaw d^o [gorge gards |go go

analects

ancestress 'aensEstns

analects 'aenajkkts [analecta ^aens'lekta

analgesia jaen^erdsizia, -sia

analogic

androgen

17

|-sic

ES+-'Dd3-;

(Senl'adsik;

Anchises aen'kaisiz,

-zik, -sik
-1

|-al

anchor

|-es -iz

aerj- |-ses' -siz

ES

'aegka';

'aegkacr;

anchorage 'aegkaridg, -krid3

analogist d'naelsdsist

analogize a'naebjdsaiz

|-s

-iz |-d

anchoress 'aegkans, -kris

-d

analogous a'naelagas

anchoret 'aegkarit, -t

analogue 'aenlpg, -^ag, -jOg

anchorite 'aegka^rait

analogy a'naebdsi
analphabetic jaenaelfa'betik

|-al

-1 |-ally

-li,

anchovy
anchusa

'aenjt/ovi, 'aentjavi, aen'tjovi

(L

-'t/iuza

aen't/uza,

ancien regime

analysable 'aenl^aizabl

analyse 'aenljaiz

-iz [-d

|-s

aeg'kjuza,

ancress 'aegkris

analytic ^aenl'itik

analyzable 'aenl^aizabl
-iz |-d -d

j-s

|-es

-iz= anchoress

and usually unstressed: before vowels and. End,

nd ('sno and 'ais, 'bed nd 'arm); before
consonants and often before voioels an ('maen
an 'bist), En, n ('rad n 'gAn, 'fes n 'aiz),
n ('bAta^ n 'egz) after p or b often m ('kAp m
'sasa^, 'rAb m 'pahj); after k or g often g

|-al -j |-ally -ji, -ikli

analytics ^aenl'itiks

analyze 'aenl^aiz

fisjse-re'sim

ancillary 'aensajEn, Brit aen'silari

analyst 'aenlist

d'naem

Ananias jaena'naias

-iz

|-'s

('djaek g 'dsil, 'baeg g 'baegids); stressed

anapaest, -pest 'aena^pEst

anapaestic, -pes- jaen3'pstik

|-al -1 |-ally -ji,

or in pause: before vowels 'aend, ^asnd, or

The forms with

before consonants 'aen, ^aen.

-ikli

anaphora a'naefara

|-1

anaphoric ^aena'farik,

-d occ2ir in ordinary speech before vowels

-1

-'far-, -'for- |-al -1

('frl

anaplasty ^xn3,plsesti

anarch 'aenark;

ES

ES

('stap

E+-a:k

-'a:k-,

E+-'a:k-;

|-al

ES

anarchism 'aena^jkizam;

ES

anarchist 'aena'kist;

anarchistic ^aena^'kistik;

1,

r,

w, bw,

('yh and

'let),

common

an

there

'it),

Andalusia ^aenda'lusa, -'hu-, -/a

andante

'aena-

|-n

-n

aen'daenti, an'danti {It an'dante)

Andean

ES

Andersen 'aenda^sn; ES 'aendasn;

^aena-

^aenastig'maetik,

^aenaestig-,

Andes

aen'dian, 'aendian

-'mosiz

anastrophe a'naestrafi

ES

'aendava(r

anathematize a'naeOsmSjtaiz
|-n

-iz |-d -d

|-s

-n

jaena'tamik; ES+-'tDm-;

|-al

-1

Andreas 'aendrias

-h, -ikh

|-'s

-iz

Andrew

anatomize a^naetSjinaiz

Androcles 'aendrajkliz

|-'s

-iz

Androclus 'aendraklas

|-'s

-iz

|-s

-iz |-d -d

Anaxagoras jaenaeks'aegaras
ancestral aen'sEstral

|-'s

-iz

[-ly -i [-try

'aendru, 'aendriu

androgen

-Sst3(r

'ansEstri

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fy'Sa';

ES

'fstJa

ES

-'sa:to; (It an'dr:adel'sarto)

anatomist a'naetamist [-my -mi

ES

-yai-an, -^aian

Andorra aen'dara, -'dara, -'dnra

Andover 'aendova^; ES -dova(r; Mass loc.+

Andrade aen'dradi
Andre 'aendri, 'andre
Andrea del Sarto 'andriadEl'sarto;

anathema s'naeOsma
Anatolia jaena'toha

j-son -sn

'aendiz |-des' -diz

andiron 'aend^aia^n, -^airn;

aen^aes-

ancestor 'aensEsta^;

'aenakist; |-chy -ki

anastomosis jaenasta'mosis, ajnaesta- |-moses

anatomic

or

Andaman 'aendaman

-h, -ikb

anastigmatic

'izi)

and are regtdar before other

consonants ('go an 'si, 'trai an 'du it).

^aena'pl^stik

'aena:k,

anarchic aen'arkik;
-1 l-ally

|-tic

and

but those without -d are also

anaphylaxis ^aenafa'laeksis

l-ally

Fr

ancient 'en/ant

-d

analysis a'naelasis |-yses -a^siz

|full

-iz

|-s

j-es -iz

-'km-)

-ikli

Anam

-d |-ing

|-ed

'aegkarig, 'aegkrig

|-ally -li, -ikli

'aendradjan,

|-s

-z |-s's -ziz

-dsin

|-ic

^aendra-

'dsEnik

|custom 'kAStam |while hwail |how hau

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish d^f |vision 'visan

|Eden

'idn |cradle 'kred} |keep

|toj^ tai

'em 'kipm

androgynous

18

aniline
angiosperm

androgynous aen'dradsanas ; ES+-'drDd3-

angle 'aeggl

Andronicus ^aendra'naikas, S/mk. aen'drani-

angler 'aeggla^;

kas; ES+-'drDn-;

|-'s

ES

-d |-ling 'aegglig, 'aegg}ig

|-d

ES

'aeggla(r

Angles 'aegglz
Anglesey, -sea 'aegglsi

-iz

angleworm 'aeggljwym; ES -^wam, -^wym

a'niaCr, S+3'nje3(r, a'njiaCr,

Anglia 'aegglia

Anglican 'aeggkkan

3'ne3(r

anecdotal jiemk'dotl ('aneCydotal 'speech)

Anglicism 'aeggbiSizam

anecdote 'aemk^dot

Anglicize 'aeggla^saiz

anecdotic

-^spam.

-iSpym

-iz

Andros 'aendras, -dras; ES+-drDs; |-'s

Androscoggin jjendrs'skagin, -'skoganear a'mr;

ES

'aendsiOjSpym;

Andromache aen'dramski; ES+-'drDmAndromeda aen'dramida; ES+-'drDm-

|-d -id [-tage

jsenik'datik;

|-ally -li,

anele a 'nil

-ids

ES+-'dDt-;

|-al

-1

-d

-iz |-d

|-fied -^faid

Anglin 'aegglin

-ikh
|-d

Anglify 'aeggla^fai

|-cist -sist

|-s

Anglist 'aegglist

-d

j-ics

aeg'glistiks

anelectric jaeni'lektrik

Anglo-American 'aeggloa'merakan

anemia a'nimia |-mic -mik

anemometer jaena'mamata'; ES -'mam3t3(r.

Anglo-Catholic 'aegglo'kaeealik, -'kaeOlik

Anglo-CathoLicism 'aeggloka'OalajSizam;

-'niDm-

anemometric jaenama'metrik

|-al -| |-ally -|i,

-ikh

Anglo-Egyptian 'aegglo'i'dsip/an
Anglo-French 'aegglo'frent/

anemone, A- d'nemajni
anent a'nEnt

Anglo-Indian 'aegglo'indian, -djan

aneroid 'aenajfoid

Anglo-Japanese 'aegglojdsaepa'niz

Anglo-Irish 'aegglo'airij

Anglomania jaeggla'menia, -glo- |-niac -ni^aek

Anglo-Norman 'aegglo'narman; ES -'naaman
AnglophUe 'aeggla^fail, -gloAnglophobe 'aeggla,fob, -gloAnglophobia jaeggla'fobia, -gloAnglo-Saxon 'aegglo'saeksn j-dom -dam |-ism

anesthesia jaenas'Oisa, -31a

anesthetic jsenas'Oetik |-ally

-ikh

-li,

anesthetist a'nesOatist

anesthetize a'nesGajtaiz

-iz |-d -d

|-s

aneurysm, -rism 'aenjajrizam

anew

a'nju, a'niu, a'nu

-jizam

anfractuous aen'fraektjuas

Angola aeg'gola, aenAngora aeg'gora, aen-,

angary 'aeggari
angel,

A- 'endsal

Angela 'aendsala
angelic aen'dsElik

angry

angstrom 'aegstram

'aeggri |-grily -grak,

Angell 'endsal

anguish 'feggwi/

Angelo 'aendsajo
Angelus 'aendsalas

angular

ES

'aegga^li;

Angers

'aendsa^z,

-d

|-ed

'aegga(r;

]-ing

ES

ES

'aeggjala(r

angulate adj 'aeggjaht, -Jet

angulate v 'aeggjajet

'aegga'z;

ES

-az;

|-'s

-iz

'aendsiaz;

]-'s

Angevin 'aendjavin
'aendsirz;

ES

|-'s

\-d -id

-iz

angustura ^aeggas'tjura, -'tiura, -'tura

anhungered an'hAgga^d; ES -'hAggad
anhydride aen'haidraid, -drid |-drid -drid
anhydrous aen'haidras
anil 'aenil

-IZ

angina aen'dsaina, in medicine often 'aendsina

anile 'aenail, 'enail

angina pectoris aen'dsaina'pEktaris

aniline 'aen{,m, -in |-in

Key:

-gnh

|-es -iz |-ed -t

'aeggjala^;

Angus 'aggas

'aeggali

(Fr a'se)

Anglers Shak.

angularity iaeggja'laerati

[-es -iz

'aeggarig, 'aeggrig

angerly

'aeggara;

angostura jaeggas'tjcra, -'tiura, -'tura

|-al -1 j-ally -|i, -ikli

Angelina jaendsa'lina, -'lama

'aegga';

-'gara,

-'gora, -gara

Angelica aen'dselika

anger

ES

-'GdI-

See in full 3-47.

Ibath baeO;

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

[far

'piti

-m

(6) jrate ret |yet jet |sang saeg

far |watch watj",

wot/

angry

'aeg-gri

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gardj [go go

Anne Arundel

anility a'nibti

animadversion jaen3maedV3<^33n, -VyJ-'V3-,

Anson ia

19

anility

ES

-Vy-

animadvert ^aenamaed'vs't;

ES

-Vst,

Vyt;

|-ed -id

animal 'aenami

'aen-a'rAndl

annelid 'aenhd

annex n 'aenks|-es -iz |-ation jaentks'ejan

annex v a 'neks |-es -iz |-ed -t
Annie 'aeni
annihilate a'naiajet |-d -id |-lable -labl

|-ly -i

animalcula pi jaena'maelkjala

annihilation ajiiaia'le/an

animalculae pi jaena'maelkjajli

anniversary

animalcule jaena'maelkjul, -kiul

-Vysanno Domini 'aeno'damajnai; ES+-'dDni-

animalculism jaena'maelkjajlizam

animalculum jaena'maelkjabm

-la

|-la

l-lae

annotate 'aenojtet

annotator

-,li

animality jaens'maelsti

'aena^met

-'v3S-,

ES

-/teta(r

-iz \-d -t

|-s

-d

-ans

|-ance

|-ances

-ansiz

animate ajy 'aenamit

v

ES

-sri;

|-d -id |-tion jaeno'te/an

'aeno^teta^;

announce a'nauns
annoy a'nai j-ed

animalism 'aenaml/izam

animate

jaenaVysari,

|-d -id [-tion

jaena'me/an

annual

'aenjual, 'aenjul |-ly -i

animism 'aena/inizam animistic jaena'mistik

animosity jaena'masati; ES+-'mDSanimus 'aenamas

annuitant a'nuatant, a'niu-, a'njuannular

'aenjala^;

anion ^aen^aian

annulet

'aenjalit

anise 'aenis

annulus 'aenjalas

aniseed, anisseed 'aenijsid, ^aeniSjsid

annum

|-ity -ati

^aenaisa'trapik,

aeiijaisa-;

-d

j-led

ES

-la(r

|-es -iz

ES+

-^lai

-si- |-d -id

annunciation, A- ajiiAnsi'eJan,

annunciator

-'trnp-; |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

|-li

'aenam

annunciate a'nAn/ijet,

anisometric jaenaisa'mgtrik, aen^aisaanisotropic

annul a'nAl

a^nAnJiiCtSi', -si-;

-Ji-

ES

-jeta(r

Anita a'nita

Annunzio,

Anjou 'aendsu (Fr a'su)

Ankara 'aegkara, ^agkara
ankh aegk

anociassociation ajnosiajsosi'e/an, -;SoJi-

ankle 'aegkl |ankled 'aegkld

anodize 'aenojdaiz

anklebone 'iegkl^bon, -'bon

anodyne 'aenajdain, 'aenoanoint a'namt |-ed -id

ankylose 'aegkajos

Ann

aen'adik; ES+-'cdik
|-s

-iz |-d -d

anolyte 'aena^lait

-iz |-d -t

anomalism a'namljizam; ES+-'nDmanomalistic ajnaml'istik; ES+-jnDm-;

ankylosis ^aegka^losis

anlace

|-dic

Anoka a'noka

1-es -iz

|-s

dan'nuntsjo)

anociation ajnosi'e/an, a^noXi-

anode 'aenod

anklet 'asgkbt

ankus 'aegkas, Vgka/

d' da'nunzijO {It

'aenlis, -las |-s -iz

l-ally -h,

aen

|-al -J

-ikh

anna, A- 'aena

anomaly a'namali; ES+-'nDm-;

Annabel, -Ue 'aenajbel

anort a 'nan, a'nnn

Annabella ^aena^bela

anonym, -e 'aenajnim |-nymity jaena'nimati

anonymous a'nanamas; ES+a'nnnanopheles. A- a'nafajliz; ES+-'nDf-

annals 'aenlz annalist 'aenlist

|

Annam

a^naem

Annamese

another

jaena'miz

Annapolis a'naeplis,

Ann Arbor

ES

-'a:ba(r.

E+

Anne

'aenits, 'aenets

Anselm 'aensglm
anserine chem. 'aensajtin, -rin

jannat 'aenaet

Anson

aen

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fytJa^;

'aensn

Ansonia aen'sonia

anneal a 'nil j-ed -d

[full

a'nAtSa(r

anserine 'gooselike' 'aensajrain, -rin

-'a:ba(r

annates

ES

Anschluss Ger 'an/lus

-plis, -as j-'s -iz

aen'orba^;

a'nAtJa-;

|-lous -las

ES

'fstSa

|custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how hau |toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kred} [keep 'em 'kipm

Anstruther
Anstruther

answer

anticyclone

20

'aenstrA'Sa';

ES

'aensa^;

ES

anthracene 'aenOra^sin

-tJ3(r

E+'an-, 'an-;

'aens3(r,

anthracite 'aen6r3,sait

anthracnose aen'Oraeknos

-sno

|-ed -d |-ing -sarii),

answerable 'aensarobj, -sra-

|-bly -bli;

see

anthrax 'aenGraeks

|-es -iz

anthropocentric ^aenBrapo'sentnk

answer
ant aent

anthropogenesis jaenGrapo 'dssnasis

antacid aent'aesid

anthropogenetic jaenGrajpodsa'iiEtik

anthropography jaenGra'pagrafij -'p^g-

Antaeus aen'tias |-'s -iz

antagonism aen'taegajnizam

anthropoid 'aenGra^paid

|-nist -nist

antagonistic aenjtaega'nistik, jaentaega1-ally

\-al -1

-h, -ikh

-Uods-;

antagonize aen'taega^naiz

1-gist

E+-'a:-; ('antjarctic

ES

Antarctica aentWktika;

Antares
ante

ES

-'artik;

antarctic aent'arktik, noto rare

E+-'a:k-

aen'teriz, -'taer-; S.-'taer-; |-es' -iz

ES

'aent^ita^;

antecede ^aenta'sid

anthropometry jaenGra'pamatri; ES+ -'pomanthropomorphic

jaenGrapo'marfik;
ES

antechamber

|-ally

-1

-li,

|-phism

-ikli

jaenOrapo'marfasis;

ES

^aenGrapo'inarfas;

ES

-'maaf-

anthropomorphous

|-cy -i |-dent -dnt

ES

antecessor jaenta'sesa^;

|-al

anthropomorphosis

|-d -id

antecedence jaenta'sidns

j-al -1 j-ally

-fizam

-jit3(r

ante bellum 'aenti'belam

antedate

anthropometric ^aenGrapo'mEtnk

-'maaf-;

'aenti

anteater

ES+-'pd1-;

^aenGra'paladsi;

-dsist

-h, -ikh

'circle)

-'a:k-,

ES+

^aenGrapaUadsikl;

|-ly -i, -ikli

anthropology

-iz \-d -d

|-s

antalkali aent'aelkajlai

-'a:-,

anthropological

-'maafas

-'sES3(r

ES

'aentijtjemba';

anthroponomy ^aenGra'panami; ES + -'pDn-

-jtjembacr

anthropophagi yaenGra'pafa^dsai; ES+-'pDf-;

'aenti^det, jaenti'det [-d -id

antediluvian ^aentidi'luvian, -'huv-

1-gite -jdsait |-gous

antelope 'aentljop

anti

71

-gas

'aentai, 'aenti \-s -z

ante meridiem 'aentimaVidijEm, -'ndiam

antiadministration jaentiadjinina'stre/an

antenna apn'tsna

antiaircraft

Antenor

|-s

-z |-nae -ni

aen'tina^, -nor;

ES

-n3(r, -n33(r

antepenult jaenti'pinAlt, -pi'nAlt

antibiosis

antepenultimate jaentipi'nAltamit
anterior aen'tiria';

ES

anthelion

antic 'aentik |-ked

has

-jvm

is not

-'ea-,

|-otic

ES+

-'atik;

-t

anticatalyst jaenti'kastlist

aen'Oihan

-z

j-lia

a spelling pron.

Gk

|-s

anticathode ^aenti'kaeGod
antichlor 'aenti^klor, -^kbr;

ES

-jkloa(r,

anthelmintic jaenGEl'mmtik

anthem 'aenOam
antem,

antichrist 'aenti^kraist

a sp. pron.

anthem with

16c

ME

(OE antefn,
Latinized

sp.

anticipant aen'tisapant
anticipate aen'tisa,pet |-d -id j-tive -rv

anticipation aen^tisa'pejan, ^aentisa-

oft)

ES

'aenOa^;

anticipatory aen'tisapajtori, -/tan; S -jtori

'aen63(r

anthill 'aent,hil

anthologize

anticlastic jaenti'klaestik

aen'Oala^dsaiz;

ES+-'eDl-;

|-s

anticlerical jaenti'klerikl

anticlimax

-IZ l-d -d

jienti

'klaimaeks

|-es -iz j-ed -t

anthology aen'Oaladgi; ES+-'0d1-

anticline 'aentijklam |-clinal jaenti'klainl

Anthony

Anticosti jaenta'kasti, -'kas-, -'kos-

'aenOani, 'aentani, 'aentni

anthozoan jaenOa'zoan

Key:

E+

-jkba(r

6.

anther

^aentibai'osis

-'aer-;

-'aeajkraeft

antibody 'aentiybadi; ES+-jbDdi

-'tiri-3(r

aent'hiksn,

The 2d

-li3

-'otik

anteriority jSentiri'Drati, -'ar-, -'nr-

anteroom 'aenti^rum,

jaenti'erjkraft,

-'aea-, -jkraft, -jkraft;

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

anticj'clone ^aenti'saiklon

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet [sang saeg jangrv^ 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wot/ (12) |jaw dsa Igorge gardj

[go

go

ES+-'klDn-;

jaentisai'klanik;

anticyclonic

anybody

21

anticyclonic

antidotal 'aenti^dotl, jaenti'dotl

antidote 'tenti^dot

antirust ^aenti'rAst

antisaloon jaentisa'lun

|-ally -li, -ikli

antiscorbutic

-'dotk

j-ly

jaentiskar'bjutik,

anti-Semitic jaentisa'mitik |-ally -k, -ikli

Antietana aen'titam
antifat jaenti'faet ('anti^fat 'treatment)

anti-Semitism jaenti'sEmajtizam

Antifederalist ^aenti'fsdaralist, -'fsdral-

antisepsis ^aenta 'sepsis

antifreeze ^aenti'friz

antiseptic ^aenta'septik |-ally

|-s

-iz

antigen 'aentadsan -d3in

antisepticize jaenta'septa^saiz

Antigone sen'tig3jni

antiserum jaenti'siram

Antigonus aen'tiganas

Antigua

|-ist- ist

anti-imperialistic ;aenti-im;piri3l'istik

antiknock jsenti'nak; ES+-'nDk

ES

|-s

-ikh

antistrophe aen'tistrafi, -f\

antistrophic
^aenti'strafik,

-'strof-;

antitank ^aenti'taegk ('antijtank 'gun)

-'leb3(r

antithesis aen'tiOasis |-theses -ea^siz

antilogarithm ^aenti'bgajri'Sam, -'lag-, -'lag-

antithetic jaenti'Oetik

an tilynching

antitoxic

^aenti'IintXii]

antimacassar jaentima'kaesa^;

ES

'ienti^maesk;

|-al -1 |-ally -ji, -ikli

ES-h-'tok-;

^ienti'taksik;

E+-jmask,

antitrades 'aenti^tredz
antitrust ^aenti'trAst

antitype 'aenta/taip
antitypic ^aenti'tipik

Antium

|-al -1 |-ally -Ii, -ikli

'aentiam, -Jiam

antinomian, A- jaenti'nomian

antivivisection jaenti,viva'sEkXan

antinomy aen'tmami
Antioch 'aenti^ak; ES+-jDk

antiwar jaenti'war;

Antiochus aen'taiakas

Antoinette jaentwa'net {Fr atwa'nEt)

antipathetic

antler 'aentla^;

-iz

aenjtipa'Oetik

^a^ntipa-

|-al

-1

ES

ES

'aentla(r; |-ed

-d

Antonia aen'tonia
|-'s

-iz

antipathy agn'tipaOi

Antonio aen'tonijO, -njo

antiperiodic j^entijpiri'adik; ES-h-'od-

Antonius aen'tonias

antiphlogistic ^aentiflo'dsistik

antonomasia ^aentano'inesa, -51a

Antipholus aen'tifalas

Antony 'aentam, 'aentni

antonym 'aentajnim
antonymous aen'tanamas;

-iz

antiphon 'aenta^fan, -fan; ES+-jfDn

antiphonal aen'tifanl

|-ly -i

-phony -fani

j-ist -ist

-'waa(r

Antoninus jaenta'nainas

1-ally -li, -ikli

j-'s

ES

|-'s

-iz

ES-i--'tn-

antiphonary aen'tifajnen

antre

antipodal aen'tipadl

antipodean aen^tipa'dian, ^aentipa-

Antrim 'aentrim
antrum 'aentram
Antwerp 'aentwyp; ES -wsp, -wyp

antipope 'aenti^pop

anus 'enas

antiputrid jaenti'pjutrid, -'piu-

anvil 'lenvil |-ed -d

antiquarian jaenti'kwerian, -'kwer-

anxiety aeg'zaiati, aeog'z-

antiquary 'aenti^kweri

anxious 'aegk/as, 'aeg/as

antipode 'aenti^pod

\pl

antiquate 'aenta^kwet

antipodes aen'tipa^diz

any

|-d -id

antique aen'tik ('an^tique 'table)

'ehi,

anybody

antirrhinum, A- iaenti'rainam
ful Itooth tuO [further 'fySa^;

'aenta^;

'aenta(r

|-es -iz j-ni

-nai

unstressed

occas.

'EiUjbadi,

-^bAdi,

am, ni

('gatni

'bet?)

antiquity aen'tikwati

[full

|-xin

-ksin

-'kaES3(r

-jmask
antimonsoon ysentiman'sun; ES+-mDnantimony 'aenta^moni
antimonyl 'aentimajnil

|-'s

ES-i-

-'strof-; |-ally -Ii, -ikli

Antilles sen'tiliz

-sque

-d

-iz |-d

antisocial jaenti'so/al

anti-imperialism jaenti-im'pirialjizam

antilabor jaenti'leba^;

-ji,

antislavery jaenta'slevri, -'slevari

-iz

|-'s

aen'tiga, aen'tigwa

antimask,

ES

-'biu-;

-skaa-

|-d -id

-badi;

ES+

-jbadi

ES

'fa'Sa

|custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how hau |toy

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij [vision 'visan

|Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

anyhow

apophthegm

22

Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

o are often pronounced with n in

anyone 'nijWAn, -wan (jeniwan'els)

anything

aphoristic ^aefaVistik

|-al -I |-ally -li,

aphorize 'aefajtaiz

-iz |-d -d

aphis,

'enijhau

anyway

'enijOiij

'eni^we

-z

|-s

anyTvhere 'EiUjhwer, -jhwter;

-jhwe3(r,

ES

anywhere

'enijhwer'Els,

else

-^hwaer-,

API

asbsja'sjo fane'tik setemasja-

P A

apian 'epian

anywise 'eni^waiz

Anzac

'aenzaek

apiarian ,epi'Erian,

apiarist 'epiarist

'e'wAn

-W-

Aonian e'onian

apiary 'epi;8ri

aorist 'earist

apical 'aepikl, 'e- 1-ly

aoristic ^eaVistik l-ally -ji, -ikli

apices 'aepi^siz, 'e-

ES ebata

aorta ebrta;

apiculture 'epi^kAltJa^;
a'paej

aVf>X>

'gangster''

I-s

-iz

{Fr

ES

-tj"a(r

apiece a 'pis

Apis 'epis

a'paJ")

Apache Indian

apish 'epi/

a'paetji

Apalachee, -chi

aplenty aVlenti

jaepa'lietji, -tji

aplomb

Apalachicola jaepajaetji'kola

apanage 'aepanidj
apart a'part;

apartment

ES

E+a'pa^t

a'pait,

a'plctni,

a'pbm

{Fr a'plo)

apocalypse, A- a'pakajips

-d

-iz j-d

|-s

ES

a'partmant;

apocalyptic

a'pait-,

E+

|-s -iz

ajpaka'liptik

-1

|-al

|-ally

-li,

-ikli

apocopate adj a'pakapit, -;pet

a'part-

apartmental

apart 'mentl;

ES

3pa:t-,

E+

apocopate

a'paka^pet

|-d -id

apocopation ajpaka'pe/an

3pa:t-

apathetic jaepa'Oetik

apathy

-i

apicultural jepi'kAltJaral

apace a'pes

apache

-ikh

^aefra'daiti

'e;pi'ai,

'nal, c/ 1

one,

-rist

|-ist

|-s

[aphides 'asfi^diz

aphrodisiac jaefra'dizi^aek

Aphrodite

-jhwae3(r

|-es -iz

and

A- 'efis, 'aefis
aphorism 'aefajnzam

anyhow

apocope a'pakapi,

|-al -1 j-ally -|i, -ikli

ape ep |aped ept

|-lly -li

-1

|-al

1-allv

-li, -ikli

^aepi'maentas

|-'s

apodictic ,aepaMiktik

-iz

Apennines 'aepa^nainz

|-al -1 j-ally -li,

-ikh

apodosis a'padasis |-doses -da,siz

apogee 'aspa^dsi

aperient a'pirisnt
aperiodic

]-l -1

apodeictic, -deik- ^aepa'daiktik

apeak a'pik

Apemantus

-^pi

apocrypha, A- a'pakrafa

'aepaOi

ES+-'Dd-;

^epiri'adik;

|-ally

-li,

ApoUinaris a/pala'nris,

-'naeris,

-'nens

Apollo a'palo

-ikli

aperitif

Fr

ApoUodorus a/pala'doras,

aperi'tif

aperitive a'psrativ

aperture

'aepa'tja^;

I-'S

ES

Apollonius jaepaUonias

'aepatJaCr; |-d -d

apery 'epari

Apollos a'pcilas

|-'s

apetalous e'pstlas

Apollyon a'paljsn

apex 'epeks

apologetic

|-es -iz |apices 'aepi^siz, 'e- j-ed -t

aphaeresis a'ferasis, ae-

|-'s

-iz

-iz

a^pala'dsstik

1-al

-z |-lia -ha

j-alh'

-Ii,

apologist a'paladsist \-gy -dsi

apologize a'pala^dsaiz

aphesis 'aefasis

apologue 'aepajag, -}ag, -ilng

aphid

'efid, 'aefid

apophthegm 'aepa^Oem

Key:

See in full 3-47.

-1

apologia jsepalodsia
|-s

apheresis a'ferasis, ae-

|bath baeO;

S -'dor-;

-ikli

aphasia a'fesa, -313

aphelion ae'fihan, a-

-'dor-;

-IZ

bee bi |pity

ba6 (10) jah a

|far

'pi**

|-s

-iz |-d -d

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeo'^"

far |watch watj,

wntj (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards

|go

go

apophthegmatic
Those words below in which the a sound

apophthegmatic ^aepaOEg'maetik
-li,

apprehend

23

|-al -1

is spell

1-ally

-ikh

o are often pronounced with

apoplexed 'aepajplekst
aport 3 'port, a 'part;

|-al -1
|

ES

|-aUy

-ikh

-li,

apoplexy 'aepa^pleksi

a'poat,

E+a'poat

and S

appendix a'pendiks

|-es -iz [-dices

ES

^aepa^'siv;

ES

jaepa-;

-tit

-iz |-d -d

|-s

-W-

a posteriori 'epas^tin'orai, -br-; S

appertain ^aepa^'ten;

ES

appetence 'aepatans

|-cy -i |-tent -tant

appetite 'aepajtait

appetize 'aepa^taiz

apostolate a'pastlit, -^et

appetizer 'aepajtaiza';

apostolic jsepas'talik

|-al -\ |-ally

-h, -ik li

Appian

apostrophize a'pastra^faiz

|-s

applause a'pbz

-iz |-d -d

apothecary a'paGajkeri

apple

apothegm 'aepajOem

-d

-iz |-d -d

|-s

ES

-;taiza(r

'aepian

applaud a'pbd

apostrophe a'pastrafi

jflepa-; |-ed

-titive -jtaitiv

apostle a'pasl

'aepl |-d

j-ed -id |-able -abl |-bly -bli

|-s

-d

-iz

|-ling 'aeplig, 'aephg

applejack 'aepl,d3aek

^aepaeEg'maetik

-1

|-al

l-ally

apple pie 'aepl'pai ('apple-^pie 'order)

applesauce 'aepjjsas

-ikh

apotheosis 3jpa6i'osis, ^aepa'Gbsis

Appleton 'aepltan

Appalachia jspa'laet/ia

appUable a'plaiabl

Appalachian

appliance a'plaians

jaepa'laet/ian, -'let/-, -tjan

|-bly -bli
|-s

-iz |-ant -ant

applicabihty ^aepbka'bilati

jaepa'laetjanz, -'let/-, -lanz

appall, -al a 'pal |-ed, -led -d

applicable 'aeplikabl, a'phk- |-bly -bb

appanage 'aepanids |-s -iz |-d -d

Appanoose ^aepa'nus |-'s -iz

applicant 'aeplakant

apparatus ^tepaVetas, -Vaetas

\pl

application ^aepla'ke/an
-tuses -tasiz

\L pi -ratus -'retas

applicative 'aepla^ketiv |-tor

ES

-ta^;

applied a'plaid |appliedly a'plai-idb

apparent a'paerant, a'per-; S a'paer-

applique jaepli'ke (Fr apli'ke)

apparition jaepaVi/an

apply a'plai [applied a'plaid

apparitor a'paerata^;

ES

appoint a 'paint

-ta(r

appointor

appealability ajpila'bilati

ES

a'pia(r,

S+a'psaCr. a'pja(r;

|-S

a'pamta^,

S+a'per-,

a'pirans;

a' pJEr-;

ES

apain'tar;

-ta(r.

-'t3a(r

Appomattox

l-ed -d

appearance

|-ed -id |-ive -iv

appointee apain'ti, jspain'ti, a'painti

a'pil |-ed -d |-able -abl

appear a'pir;

-ta(r

applicatory 'aeplakajtori, -/tan; S -jtori

apparel a'paeral |-ed -d

appeal

j-tive

-tiv

apostatize a'pasta^taiz

apothegmatic

-da^siz

jaepa-; |-d -d

apperception jaepa^'sEp/an;

apostasy a'pastasi
apostate a'pastet,

appendicitis a^penda'saitis

apperceive

aposiopesis jaepa^saia'pisis

Appalachians

appendices a'penda^siz

apoplectic jaepa'plsktik

-li,

in

r>

appendectomy jfepan'dektami

^aepa'maetaks

|-'s

apportion a'por/an, a'par-;

-iz |-toc -tak

ES

a'poajan,

E+

a'paa-; |-ed -d |-ing -Janig, -/nig

-IZ

appeasable a'pizabl |-bly -bh

appose a'poz,

appease a'piz

apposite 'aepazit

|-s

-iz |-d -d

ae- |-s -iz |-d

-d |-sable -abl

apposition ^aepa'zi/an

appellant a'pelant
appellate a'pht |-tive -iv, -lativ

appositive a'pazativ

appellation jaepa'lejan

appraise a'prez

appellee jaepa'li

appreciable a'priXiabl, -/abl j-bly -bh

appellor a'pelar, jaepa'br;

append a'pend

|-ed

-id

ES

-iz |-d -d |-sal -1

appreciate a'priji^et

-aa(r

|-age

|-s

-ids

|-d -id

appreciation ajpriji'ejan |-tive a'prijijctiv

appreciatory a'prijiajtori,

-idsiz

appendant a 'pendant
[fuU ful |tooth tue [further 'fytJa^;

-ages

apprehend jaepri'hend

ES

-jtari;

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'vi3an

[Eden

-jtori

|-ed -id

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

apprehensible

Arblay

24

in which a before r (farm) is sounded

Words below

are ojten pronounced, in

with a (farm)

apprehensible jajpri'hEnsabl |-bly -bit

Aquarius a'kwErias, a'kwer-

apprehension ja^pri'hEnJan

aquatic a'kwaetik, a'kwat-, a'kwot-

apprentice a'prentis

appressed a'pr^st,
apprise, -ze

|-sive -siv

-s -iz |-d -t |-ship -jjip

apprize, -se 'appraise' a'praiz

|-s

aquatint 'askwajtint

aqueduct 'aekwi^dAkt

aqueous 'ekwias,

-iz |-d -d

'aek-

Aquidneck a'kwidnek

|-es -iz |-ed -t

Aquila 'aekwila

approachability ajprotja'bilati

approachable a'prot/abj

approbate 'aepra^bet

-}\--Bible+3^k-wi]9, pcrh.

|-lae

by association with Priscilla {Rom. 16:3).

|-d -id |-tion

approbatory a'probajtori,

jaspra'bejan

aquiline 'aekwa Jam, -lin

Aquinas a'kwainas

S -jton

-jtori;

|-'s

-iz

appropriable a'propriabl

Aquitaine jsekwi'ten [-tania

appropriate adj a'propriit

ar ar;

appropriate v a'propn^et

Arab

[-d -id |-tive -iv

|-d

-d |-dly -idli |-val

oVraksajinet; ES+a'prnks-;

ES+

ajpraksa'me/an;

a^proks-

appurtenance a'ps'tnans;
|-s

'aerab,

ES

a 'pat-, a'pyt-;

Aral

'epa^n;

ES

The older pron.

'epran, 'epan; |-ed

'epa^n, 'epan is

and appears from

common

in

'aerabis |-es -iz

ES+-jgDn;

-gan;

'aera^gan,

the

by no

L.A.

to be

NEngd.

'eral, 'aeral, 'eral;

'aeral, 'eral

'eram, 'Etam, 'ram; S 'eram, 'aeram

Aramaean, -mean iaera'mian ]-maic -'me-ik

Aransas a'raensas

|-sas'

-sas

Arapaho, -hoe a'raepajho

Ararat

'aera^raet

ES

apropos ^aepra'po

arbalest,

apse aeps lapses 'aepsiz

arbiter 'arbita^;

apsis 'ajpsis |apsides 'aepsi^diz

arbitrable 'arbatrabl;

apt apt

arbitrage 'arbitration' 'orbatrids;

apterous 'aeptaras

apteryx 'aepta^nks
Apuleius ^aepju'lias

arbitrage

|-es -iz

|-'s

-list

'arbalist;

ES

ES

ES

'a:b-

commerce

'arbatrids,

ES

arbitrament ar'bitramant;

aqua 'aekwa, 'e- |-s -z |aquae -wi

aqua fortis 'aekwa 'fartis, 'e-; ES -'faatis
aqualon 'aekwajan; ES+-jlDn
aquamarine jaekwamaVin

arbitrarily

-z

in full 3i7.

bee bi |pity

baB (10) |ah a

|far

'arba;trerali;

ES
ES

a'bit'a:b-;

csp.

if

ES 'a:bES 'a:b-; |-d -id

arbitration jarba'tre/an; ES lO-.harbitrator 'arba,trety; ES 'a:bajtreta(r
arbitress 'arbatris; ES 'a:b-; j-es -iz
Arblay, d' 'darble; ES 'darble
arbitrary 'arbajttEri;
arbitrate 'arbajtret;

|-ria

-ria

|bath baeO;

jorba'tras:

emph. jarbi'trarily

aquaplane 'aekwa ^plen

|-s

'a:b-;

'a:b-

Apulia a'pjulia, a'piuha

aqua regia 'aekwa 'ridsia, 'eaquarium a'kwsnam, a'kwer-

ES

'a:b-, ,a:b-; |-s -iz j-d -d

arbitral 'arbatral;

-iz

'a:b-

'a:bita(r

-IZ

1-S

aptitude 'aipta,tjud, -^tiud, -jtud

Key: See

{Sp

jara'gan)

Aram

very

A-

Araby 'srabi
Arachne a'raekni

apriority ^eprai'srati, -'ar-, -'nr-

rare,

-n

arable 'aerabl

a priori 'eprai'orai, -br-; S -'orai

means

|-n

Arabic, a- 'aerabik

Aragon

April 'epral, 'epril

-d

lessfrcq. 'eraeb

arachnid a'raeknid j-noid -naid

-IZ |-ant -ant

apricot 'eprijkat, 'aep-; ES+-jkDt

apron ^epran,

now

Arabia a'rebia, -bja

arabis,

1-d -id

approximation

-la

a:(r

arabesque ,aera'bEsk

-1

approximate adj a'praksamit; ES+a'proks-

approximate

ES

Arabella jaera'bela

appropriation ajpropri'ejan

approve a'pruv

-iz

aqua vitae 'aekwa 'vaiti

ae-

Wme' a'praiz j-s -iz j-d -d

approach a'protj

|-'s

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet JEt |sang saeg iangry 'feg-gri

far |watch wat/,

wot/ (12) |jaw d^y [gorge gards

|go

go

arbor

25

Words below in which a

arbor,

A-

'arba^;

ES

before r (farm) is

archduchess 'art/'dAtJis, -jdAtJis;

ES ^arba-'bar-; ES a'borial, E+

arborescent

ES

^arba'tEsnt;

ja:ba-;

|-nce

ES

'a:t/-;

|-es -iz

archduchy

'art/'dAtJi;

ES

'artj-

-^d-;

ES

'a:t/-

Archean ar'kian; ES a:'kian

-sns

ES

arboretum jarba'ritam;
arboriculture

ES

'arbari^kAltJa';

arborvitae,

'a:bari-

aitjt

archenemy 'artj'enami, -jEnami; ES

arbor

vitae

ES

'arba^'vaiti;

-'lods-; |-ly

ES

Arbuckle 'arbAkl;

'a:bI

Arbuthnot ar'bAOnat,

ES

'arbaGjnat;

a:-,

ES

arbutus ar'bjutas, -'biu-;

ES

Archeozoic jorkia'zo-ik;

ES

a:kt

Arc, Jeanne d' Fr 3a:n'dark

arcade ar'ked;

ES

a:'ked;

'art/a'

ES

|-d -id

ES a'ked-; |-n -n
Arcady 'arkadi; ES 'arkarcanum ar'kenam; ES a: 'ken-; |-na
arced arkt; ES a:kt
arch art/; ES a:t/; |-es -iz |-ed -t
Archaean ar'kian; ES a:'kian

^aiki-;

ES

Archimedean

-iz

|-'s

^arki-

ES

^aiki-;

-mi'dian;

^arki'midian,

ES

ja:ki-

Archimedes

ES

^aiki'al-, -'d1-;

ES

^arki'aptariks;

,a:ki'ap-, -'op-; |-es -iz

ES

jarka'midiz;

ja:k-;

|-des'

-diz

archipelago jarka'pela^go;

ES ^aikiES ^aika-

ES

'a:ka-

architectonic jarkitek'tanik;ES ^aikitEk'tan-,

-'tDn-;|-al-ll-ally-li,-ikIi

ES

a:-;

architectural

^aiki'aanis
|-al

-1

|-alty

-ji,

-ikh

jarka'tekt/aral;

architrave 'arka^trev;

^arka-;

ES

ES

'a:kajtkt/a(r

'a:ka-; |-d -d

ES a:'kaivl
ES 'a:k-; |-s -z |-d -d
archivist 'arkavist; ES 'a:karchivolt 'arkajvolt; ES 'a:kaarchon 'arkan, -kan; ES 'a:kan, -kon, -kan
archpriest 'artj'prist; ES 'art/-; j-hood -hud
archival ar'kaivl;

j-s

-iz

1-d-d

ES 'a:kES ;a:k-; |-al -1

ES 'a:tj-; ('Arch-

archangel, A- 'ark'endsal, -jcndsal;

archangelic jarkaen'dgElik;
'artj'bijap;

ES

l-ly -I

architecture 'arkajtektJV;

ES 'a:karchaistic ^arki'istik, jarke-; ES ^aikarchaize 'arki^aiz, 'arke-; ES 'a:k-;

archaism 'arki,izam, 'arke-;

jbishop 'Laud)

archive 'arkaiv;

i-ship -Sip

ES

archbishopric jartj'bi/aprik ;

ES

'aitj"-;

'artj'daia^sis,

archway 'artj^we; ES

^art/-

|-bold -bold

archdeacon 'art/'dikan, -^dikan;

-sis;

arcing 'arkig;

ES 'aitjES 'art/-;

ES

ES

jartj'djukl,

-'diu-,

-'du-;

ES

arctic

'arktik,

'a:t/-

'arkig

Arcite 'arsait, ar'sait;

arcked arkt;

Areola ar'kola;

-IZ

archducal

'aitj-

archidiaconal ,arkidai'aekanl;

architect 'arka^tEkt;

A-

Archbald 'artjbald;

ES

'aitj-

archipelagic jarkipa'laedjik;

Archaeornis ^arki'arnis;

archdiocese

ES

-pal -pi

-gist -dsist

archbishop

'a:ka-

Archidamus ^arki'demas; ES

ES

ES

archfiend 'art/'find, -jfind;

-i, -ikli

archaeology ^arki'aladsi;

archaic ar'ke-ik;

^aikia-

archiepiscopacy ^arkia'piskapasi;

-na

archaeological jarkia'lad3ikl;ES ^aikia'lads-,

archaeopteryx,

ES

'a:tXa(r; |-y -i

Archibald 'art/a >ald;

Arcadia ar'kedia;

-'lods-; |-ly

A-

archetype 'arka^taip;

a:-; [es -iz

a:k; |arced, arcked arkt;

^aiki'al-, -'nl-;

-gist -dgist

archer,

-jHDt

'a:t/-

jaikia'lads-,

-i, -ikli

archeology ^arki'aladsi;

ES

ES

archeological jorkia'ladsikl;

'a:ba-

arc ark;

ES

arched art/t;

ja:ba-

jkAltJ'a(r

|-S

a (fa:m)

archduke 'artj'djuk, -'diuk, -'duk,

-'banal

'a:-,

E with

sounded a are often pronounced in

'a:b3(r; |-ed -d

arboraceous jOrbaVeJos;
arboreal ar'borial,

arctic

ES

'a:s-, a:'s-

a:kt; |-cking -kig

ES

a:'k-

now

rare

'artik;

ES

'a:-;

ia:t/|full

ful |tooth tue [further 'fytj*;

)using 'juzig |fuse fjuz,

fmz

ES

'kAStam |while hwail |how hau [toy tai

|Eden 'idn |cradle 'kredj |keep 'em ^kipm

'faSa |custom

|dish dij |vision 'visan

Arcturus
Words below in which a

before r (farm)

ES

Arcturus ark'tjuras, -%ur-, -'tur-;

|-'s

is

sounded a are often pronounced in

a:k-;

ES

-jCt;

'a:k-; |-d -^etid

Arden 'ardn; ES 'a:dn

ES

ardent 'ardnt;

ES

ES

'a:dmo3(r,

ES

'aids-

ar;

E 3(r, ES ae3(r, a:(r

-r;

|'re

'a:g-; \-d -d

ES

'a:g-;

Argyll, -gyle ar'gail;

ES 'a:(r, /a:(r;
ES -3(r; see

;ar;

'ar,

3(r;

ES

-JV;

|-'s

ES
ES

|-shire -Jir,

ES

unstr.

Argyrol 'ardsa/ral,

aria 'aria, 'eria, 'aeria; S 'aria, 'aena

Ariadne

-/ral;

'aids-, -^rol

jaeri'aedni

arena a'rina

arid 'aerid |-ity a'ridati, ae-

'aerian,

'enan; S

'aerian, 'er-

Ariel 'erial, 'erial, 'aerial; S 'erial, 'ar-

a:nt

Areopagite jaeri'apajdsait, -jgait; ES+-'dp-

ES+-;Dp-;

jaerijDpa'dsitik;

|-a -3

Aries

'aeriz,

'eriz,

'eriz,

|-es' -iz

-ri^iz;

'er-,

'eriz,

'eHz,

'aeriz;

-iz

|-'s

'eriz, 'ariz; |-res'

Ariosto jaeri'asto, -'ds-, -'os- {It jari'asto)

arise a'raiz

|-s

-iz

arose a'roz arisen a'nzn

Aristides ^aera'staidiz |-des' -diz

-riz

Arethusa

ES
ES

argal 'ergo' 'argl;

argal

aristocracy jsera'stakrasi; ES+-'stT)k-

jaeri'Ojuza, -'Oiu-, -'Ou-

argal 'argol' 'argl;

wa^ pron.

aristocrat a'rista^kraet, 'aerista-

'a:g}

In Shak.'s day

'a:gj

ergo 'aerga.

'aergj aw<^

ES 'aigali
Wdsant; ES 'ardsant

argent

argental

ES

ar'dsEntl;

ajnsta'kraetik,

^aerista-

|-teous

argentiferous ^ardsan'tifaras;

Argentina ^ardsan'tina;

Aristotle 'aerajstatl; ES+-;StDtl

ES

ES

jOidsan-

^aidsan-

ES 'aidsES 'aidsES jaids-

arithmetic adj ^aeriO'metik

|-al

-1

|-ally

Argentine 'ardsaiiytm, -jtam;

arithmetician ajriGma'tiJan, jaeriOma-

Arius 'srias,

'aer-,

a'raias;

-iz

Argentinian jardsan'timan;
argentite 'ardsan;tait;

argentous ar'dsentas;

ES

Argive 'ardsaiv;

ES 'a:dsES ai'dsen-

|-'s

'er-, a'raias;

ES

a:k; j-ed

-man

-t

Arkansan ar'kaenzan; ES a:'knArkansas state 'arkan^sa, o.f. ar'kaenzas;

'aidsaiv

'arkan;Sa,

'a:go

ES 'atgj
ES 'a:gan, -gon
Argonaut 'argajnat; ES 'a:gaArgonautic jarga'natik; ES ^aigaArgonne 'argan; ES 'a:gan, -gnn (Fr ar'gbn)
Argos 'argas, -gas; ES 'a:gas, -gns, -gas;

/oc.-f-

Ark

in

Kan

'arkan^sa,

/oc. -i-ar'kaenzas, -z; city

argon 'argan;

'arkan;Sa,

loc.

Key:

ES

ES

'aikan^sa,

-jsaz |Ar'kansas' -zas

Arkansawyer 'arkanjsaja'; ES 'a:kanjsaja(r

Arkwright 'ark^rait; ES 'a:k'arlin, -an;

ES 'adES 'a:l-

Arlington 'arligtan;

'a:gasi

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

ar'kaenzas, -z;

a:'kaenzas, S-i-'aikin^sa; \poss 'Arkan^sas's

Arlen

-IZ

riv.

ar'kaenzas, -z; city in

argol 'argl;

argosy 'argasi;

'er-,

'aer-,

Arizona jaera'zona |-nan -nan |-nian

ark ark;

'aidsil

ES

-li,

-ikk

argentine 'ardgantin, -jtain;

Argo 'argo; ES

-j

arithmetic n a'ri0majtik

argil 'ardsil;

|-al

l-ally -h, -ikli

Aristotelian jaerista'tilian, a^rista-, -Ijan

ai'dsentl;

-tic -tik

-tias

aristocratic

Aristophanes jaera'stafa^niz; ES+-'stDf-

argali 'argali;

|-'s

'aer-;

\gen Arietis a'raiatis

aright a 'rait

Areopagus ^aeri'apagas; ES+-'dp-;

Ares

a:'g-;

-Si3(r, -J'a(r

Arian 'Erian,

Areopagitic

-iz

we're,

you're, they're

ES

ES ,a:gES ;a:g-

'a:g-

area 'eria, 'eria [-way -jwe

aren't arnt;

with a (fa:m)

argumentative ,argja'm8ntativ;

Argus 'argas;

are measure r,
are v stressed

'a:g-

argument 'argjamant; ES 'a:gargumental jargja'aientl; ES ]a:g-

Argus-eyed 'argas^aid;

arduous 'ardsuas;
aer,

ES

argumentation jargjamEn'te/an;

'a:d-; |-ncy -nsi

Ardmore Wdmor, -mar;

E+-m33(r
ardor Wda^; ES 'a:d3(r

ES

argot 'argo, 'argat;

argue 'argju;

-iz

arcuate 'arkjuit,

a';

Arlington

26

bee bi

bad (10) |ah a

|far

|pity 'piti (6) |rate ret [yet jet |sang saeg jangrj' 'aeo'gri

far |watch watj,

wotj (12) |jaw dsa

[gorge gards |go go

Arliss

Words below in which a

ES

Arliss 'arhs;

before r (farm) is

Arragon

|-ed -d

ES

ES

ar'm-

arrange a 'rends

arras,

-jt/ur;

ES

'armat/acr.

-jt/aer;

^a:mjt/E3(r,

-jt/aBa(r; ace/ +

'arm 'chair

ES 'a:m-; |-s -z
armhole 'arnijhol; ES 'armArminian ar'minian; ES a'minArminius ar'minias; ES a'min-; |-'s -iz
armipotent ar'mipatant; ES a'mip-; [-ence
Wmastis; ES 'arm-;

ES

Armitage 'armstids;
armlet 'armlit;

ES

|-s

'a:m-;

arrogance 'aeragans |-cy

arrogate 'aerajget, 'aero-

arrow

'aero, 'aera |-ed

-^baera';

ES

'arma-

ES

ma-

'a:

ES a'monal,

-'mar-;

-^mxir-, -'mor-;

ES

a:'m-;

ES

'arm-

arms armz; ES armz

Armstrong 'armstrag, -strog; ES 'armarmy 'armi; ES 'armi; |-mied -mid

ES

-it;

ES
ES

arsenate v 'arsn^et;

ES

'arsn-; |-d -id

n,

ES ar'senik;
ES 'arsnarsenious ar'sinias; ES a'sinarsenite 'arsn^ait; ES 'arsnarsine ar'sin; ES a'sin
arsis 'arsis; ES 'arsis; |arses -siz
arson 'arsn; ES 'arsn
arsenic adj ar'senik;

art

art;

ES

art; |-y

ES

j-al -1

^ars-

-i

ES

'art , iort;

at, at

Artaxerxes ^arta'zyksiz;

ES

^arta'zak-. ,arta-

'zyk-; |xes' -ksiz

aroma a'roma

artefact 'arti^faekt;

Aroostook a'rustuk, /oc.+-tik

Artemidorus

ES

'arti-

^artami'doras,

^artami'dor-, E+-'dar-;

arose a'roz

around a'raund
|-s

ES

Artemis 'artamis;

'e.ar'pi;

ES

arquebus 'arkwibas;

ES

arquebusier jorkwibas'ir;

ES

|-'s

'art-;

Artemus 'artamas; ES

-iz [-d -d |-sal -1

arpeggio ar'pedsijO, -djo;

|-'s

-iz

'art-; |-'s -iz

'e^ar'pi

arterial or'tirial;

arteriosclerosis ar'tirijoskli'rosis;

a'p-

artery 'artari;

'ark-; |-es -iz

ES

ja;kwibas'ia(r

ful |tooth tuG Ifurther 'fytS*;

ES

artesian ar'tisan;

Artesius ar'tisas;

ES

'fstSa

ES

-'dar-;
-iz

ES

arrack 'aerak
[full

'ars-;

arsphenamine jarsftna'min, -'aemin; ES

unstr. art, a't;

aroint a'raint

ARP, A.R.P.

ES

'arsmk;

'arsnik,

art V 2 pers: stressed 'art, ^art;

'arn-

Arno 'arno; ES 'arno

Arnold 'amid; ES 'amid

arouse a'rauz

'arsnal, 'arimal

'arsn-

arsenide 'arsn^aid, -id;

armory 'armari; ES 'a:mari

arnica 'arnika;

'aero^rut, 'aera-, -^rut

'aerawi

|-ked -t

-an

armpit 'ofmjpit;

-d |-ing 'aerawig

arsenate n 'arsn^et,

arsenic

'a:mara(r

or'morial,

E+-'marArmoric ar'marik,

|-gant -gant

|-d -id

'aerOjliEd, 'aera-

arsenal 'arsnal, 'arsnal;

-jbaer3(r

armorer 'armara^;

-1
-i

arroyo a'raio

armor-bearer 'arma^jbera',

|-a -a |-an

arrowy

-iz

'arm|-ed -d

ES

-iz

arrive a'raiv |-d -d |-val

arrowroot

-iz

|-'s

armor 'orma'; ES 'a:m3(r;

armor-clad 'arma^jklaed;

|-s

|-s - z

S+a'rea(r;

a'ria(r,

arris 'aeris |-es -iz

arrowhead

-3ns

armorial

ES

arrearage a'ririds

Arrighi a'rigi, a- {It ar'rirgi)

-n

j-n

armful 'arm^ful;

jber3(r,

'aeras |-es -iz {Fr a'rars)

arrest a'rest |-ed -id

Armenia ar'minia; ES a'min-;

armistice

A-

array a 're |-ed -d

arrear a'rir;

Wmjt/Er,

-iz |-d -d

|-s

arrant 'aerant

-it/uacr

armchair

(Sp

arraign a'ren |-ed -d

^aima-

Armageddon jarm3^gdn; ES ^armaarmament Wmamant; ES 'armaarmature 'ormatJV,

a (fa:m)

ES+-igDn;

-gan;

'aerajgan,

^ara'gan)

armada, A- ar'mada, -Weda;

armadillo ^arma'dilo;

E mith

sounded a are often pronounced in

'a:l-; j-'s -iz

arm arm; ES a:m;

ES

Artesius

27

a'tir-

ES a

tir-

'artari

ES ar't-; ('ar^tesian
ES ar't-; |-'s -iz

'well)

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how hau |toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'visan

[Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

'em

tai

'kipni

in which a before r (farm) is sounded

Words below

ES

Arteveld 'art3jV8lt;

ES

artful 'artfal;

Asbury

'art-; |-ly -i

ES

ES a:'eritik; |-al -1
arthritis ar'Oraitis; ES a:'6r-; |-tes -tiz
arthropod 'arGra^pad; ES 'a:6rajpad, -^pod
Arthur 'arOa^; ES 'a:ea(r; In the occas. pron.
r

by dissimilation

lost

is

often

pronounced in

E with

'aeskajan,

vil.

ES

article 'artikl;

-'Giur-, -'Gur-;

ES

artichoke 'artijtjok;

ES

a'G-

Ascanius a'skenias,

ascend a'send

-d |-ling -khg,

ae- |-'s -iz

ES

a'tikjala(r

ES a'tikES a'tik-; |-d

articulate v ar'tikja,let;

articulation

ar^tikjaUeJan,

-id

ES

ES

^artikja-;

A-

'skAtni

loc. often

asepsis a'sepsis, e-, ae-

'a:ti-

ES 'a:ta-; |-s -iz

ES a'tifasa(r
jarta'fi/al; ES ja:ta-; |-ly

aseptic a'septik, e-, ae- j-ally

artificer ar'tifasa^;

asexual e'ssk/ual, a-,

jartajfiji'aelati,

Asgard 'aesgard,

-i

ES

-fi'Jaelati;

,a:ta-

ES a'til-; |-rist -rist

ES 'a:tazn; |-ship -jjip
artist 'artist; ES 'a:tist; |-ry -ri
artiste ar'tist; ES ar'tist; {Fr ar'tist)
artistic ar'tistik; ES a:'tis-; |-al -1 |-ally

-li, -ikli

ae- |-ly -i

'aez-;

ES

-ga:d

A- aej |-es -iz |-ed -t

ashamed a'/emd |-medly -midli
ash.

artillery ar'tilari;

Ashanti a'/aenti

artisan 'artazn;

Ashburn

'aefba'n;

ES

'aeXban

Ashburnham Mass 'aeJTja^njhaem ES

Engd 'ae/jbynam; ES -^bsn-, -;byn;

-li.

-ikh

Ashburton

'ae/ba^tn;

ES

-b an-;

'ae/batn

Ashby-de-la-Zouch 'aeJbijdEla'zuJ, -dala -l-'s

artless 'artlis;

ES

'aztlis

Artois ar'twa, -'two;

ES

arty 'arti;

ES

-IZ
a:'t-;

(Arndle

{Fr ar'twa)

'a:ti

Arundel Engd, Can Wandj,

Md

1788);

Siis loc. 'arndl

a'rAndl

{see

Anne

Arundel)
Arviragus ar'viragas;

Aryan

Ashdod 'Jdad; ES+-dDd

Ashdown 'aej^daun
ashes

'ae/iz

ashen 'ae/an

Asheville 'ae/vil; S+-vl

Ashkelon 'ae/ka^lan,

Arveragus ar'veragas;

ES a'ver-; |-'s -iz

ES a'vir-; |-'s -iz

'erian, 'aer-, 'ar-, -rjan;

'aer-,

ashlar, -ler 'aejla^;

'er-.

arytenoid

Rom

jaeri'tinaid,

Ashtoreth

weight aes asses 'aesiz

|

as adv, etc: unstressed az, z, s; rarely stressed

'aejwi;lat;

Asia 'e5a, 'eja

asafetida, -foet- jsesa'fetida, aes'fEtida

'eja in

'aesaf, 'esaf, 'estef

See in full 3-47.

bee bi |pity

baQ (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

a'/oa(r,

-jtsG

'ae/tariG,

\pl

ES+-jDt;

jae/a'wilat, aej'wilat

'esa

Ibath baeO;

ES

E+a'jDa(r

iae/ta'bjula, -'biula

-taroth

/raG,

-jrnG

Ashuelot

'aez, ^aez

'ajlair

Ashmole 'ae/mol |-an aej'molian

Ashokan a'/okan
Ashtabula

a'ritnpid

-jlon, -Ian

ES

ashore a'/or, a'/ar;

'ar-

Key:

-iz

'aeskju, -kiu

artifice 'artafis;

artificiahty

|-'s

'aeskat

Ascutney a'skAtni,

ES

-ikh

ascribe a'skraib |-d -d

Ascue
'a:ti

artifact 'arti.faekt;

^aesa-; |-ed -d

|-al -1 ]-ally -li,

asceticism a'sEta^sizam

ascot,

a^tik-, jortik-

Artie 'arti;

ES

ascertain ^aesa^'ten;

Asclepias ^s'klipias |-pius -pias

articulate adj ar'tikjalit;

Asaph

-i |-nt - nt

ascension, A- a'sEn/an

Asch, Sholem yolam'aej" {Yiddish '/okm a/)

Ascham, a- 'aeskam

-khg

Asa

Inn,

|-ed -id

ascendance, -ence a'sendans |-cy

ascetic a'setik

'a:ti-

'a:ti-; |-d

articular arHikjala^;

as

-Ian

ascent a 'sent

{121).

Arthurian ar'Gjurian,

artificial

a (farm)

-ban

'aez^beri,

Ascalon sword d Pal

^arOa-

arthritic ar'Gritik;

the first

a are

asbestos, -us aes'bestas, aez-

'arta-

Arthabaska ^arOa'baeska;

'aGa^

Asia

28

Arteveld

|-n

-n

/oc.

+ jaeju'ilat,

'e5a prevails in

US,

Engd.

(6) |rate ret |yet jtt |sang saeg |angr>' 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wot/ (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gardj

|go

go

associable

29

Asiatic
Asiatic jcsi'aetik, jcj-

[-al -1 |-ally

assail a'sel |-ed -d |-ant -ant

-h. -ikh

aside a 'said

Assam, ae'saem, 'aesaem

asinine 'aesnjain |-ninity jaesa'ninati

assassin a'saesin |-ate -sn^et |-ated -sn^etid

ask

'neivi'

ask

assassination a^saesn'e/an

aesk

ask;

E ask,

assault a'salt |-ed -id

aesk, ask; |-ed -skt. -st

askance a'skaens askant a'skaent

assay n a'se,

Askelon sword 'aeskajan,

assay v a'se |-ed -d

-jlon, -Ian

askew a'skju, a'skiu

Askew

'aeskju,

aslant a 'slaent ;

assegai 'aesa^gai

-km

assemblage a'semblids

E + a 'slant, a 'slant

assemble a'sembl

[-s

-iz

-d

|-d

a'sEoiblii),

l-Hng

-bhg

asleep a 'slip

assembly a'sembli |-man -man, -^maen l-men

aslope a 'slop

Asmodeus

'aese

^aezmo'dias, jaes-

|-'s

-man, -^men

-iz

asp aesp

assent a'sent [-ed -id

asparagus a'spaeragas

assentation jaesen'te/an

Aspasia aes'pe3ia, -Jia

ES a'snta(r
ES 'esa(r
assert a'syt; ES a'sst, a's^t; |-ed -id
assertion a'sy/an; ES a'ssj-, a'ssj"-;

aspen

'aespin,

assenter, -or a'senta^;

Asser

in Shak. ae'sptkt

aspect 'aespskt

-pan

A- a'spydsiz; ES a'sps-, a'spyaspergillum, A- jaespa^'dsilam; ES ^aespa-;

asperges,

j-s

asperse a'spys;

ES

a'spss, a'spys;

ES

-a(r

|-s

-IZ

asset 'aeset

|-s

-s

asseverate a'sEva,ret |-d -id

aspersion a'sp^san, -J"an;

ES

a'sps-, a spy-

aspersorium jasspa^'soriam, -'sar-;

E+-'s3r-;

|-s

ES

^aespa-

asseveration a^SEva'te/an
assibilate a'sibl^et |-d -id

assibilation ajSibl'e/an

-z |-ria -ria

assiduity jaesa'djuati, -'dm-, -'du-

'aesfalt, -faelt |-ed -id

asphaltic aes'fDltik, -'faeltik

assiduous a'sidsuas

asplialtum aes'fajltam

assign a 'sain |-ed -d

asphodel 'aesfajdel

asphyxia aes'fiksia

assignability a^saina'bilati
[-iate -i^et |-iated -i^etid

assignable a'sainabl |-bly -bli

asphyxiation aesjfiksi'ejan jaesfiksi-

assignat 'aesig^naet {Fr asi'jia)

aspic 'aespik

assignation jaesig'nejan

aspidistra,

A-

assignee asai'ni, ^aesa'ni, ^aesai-

^aespi'distra

ES

Aspinwall 'aespin^wal

assigner a'saina^;

aspirant a'spairant, 'aesparant

assignor asai'nar, ^aesa'nar;

aspirate n, adj 'aesparit, 'aesprit

assimilability ajSimla'bilati

aspirate v 'aespa^ret |-d -id |-tion ^aespa re/an

aspirator 'aespajteta^;

ES

aspire a'spair;

ES

-na(r
-'naa(r

n a'simht,

-^et

assimilate v a'siml^et |-d -id |-tive -iv

a'spaia(r; |-d -d

assimilation ajSiml'eJan

aspirin 'aesparin, -prin

assimilatory a'simlajtori,

asquint a'skwint

Assiniboia a^sina'baia

Asquith 'aeskwiG

-jtari;

S -jton

Assiniboine a'sina^bain

ass 'donkey' aes, 'blockhead' aes, as [-es

-IZ

assafetida, -foet- ^aesa'fetida, aes'fet-

Assisi a'sizi {It as'si:zi)

assist a'sist |-ed -id |-ance -ans |-ant -ant

assagai 'aesajgai

assize a'saiz

assai a'sa-i

associable a'sojiabl, -Jabl

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa^;

ES

assimilable a'simlabl
assimilate

-jreta(r

aspiratory a'spaira^tori, -/tan; S -jtori

]full

|-tive

-tan

assessorial jaesa'sorial, -'sar-; S -'sor-

l-d-t

asphalt

-tiv |-tory

assess a'ses |-es -iz |-ed -t |-or -a^;

-z |-la -la

asperity aes'perati, a'spr-

'sor-,

'aesa^;

ES

'fstJa

|-s

-iz |-d

-d

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

Ate

30

associate

astride a'straid

associate n, adj a'sojiit, -^et

associate v 3'soJ"i,et |-d -id |-tive -iv

astringe a'strmds

association ajsosi'efan, 3iSo/i

astringency a'strindsansi j-gent -dsant

fid which of

It is doubt-

astrologer

assoil a'soil |-ed -d

assonance

'aesanans

|-s

-iz

[-d

-t

a'soat; |-ed -id

assuage a 's weds

astronomer a'stranama^^;
-'stron-; |-my

assumpsit a'sAinpsit

-1

assumption, A- a'sAmp/an
assurance a'/urans
assure a'/ur;

ES

ES

a'stranama(r.

'aestra^fel

astrophotography

a'ssds-, a's^ds-;

'aestra ^f ota 'grtef ik

jaestrafo'tagrafi, -'tng-

astrophysical maestro 'fizikl

|-icist -isist

astro phj'sics maestro 'fiziks

|-ent -ant

Assyria a'siria
Assyriology

astrosphere 'aestraiSfar;ES-jsfia(r,S+-;sfEa(r

-n

|-n

ES+-'d1-;

ajSiri'aladsi;-

gist

astrut a'strAt

astute a'stjut, -'stmt, -'slut

-dsist

ES

Astarte aes'tarti;

-'ta:ti,

Astyanax a'staia^naeks |-'s -iz

Asuncion Am Sp asun'sjon

E+-'ta:ti

astatic e'staetik, a-, ae- |-ally

-li,

-ikh

asunder a'sAnda';

Astell 'aestl

ES

'aesta^;

ES

asymmetry

a'stsn, a'styn

asteroid 'aestajraid

|-al

asymptote

jaestaVaidl

-1 |-ally

-h.

e'simitri, se'aesim^tot, 'aesimp-

asymptotic ^aesim'tatik, -simp-; ES+-'tDt-;

asthenia aes'Oinia, jaesGa'naia

asthma 'aezma, 'aesma

l-al -I i-ally

asthmatic aez'maetik, aes-

|-al

-1

[-ally

-li.

-h, -ikh

asynchronous e'sigkranas,

-'sm-

ae-,

asyndeton a'smdatan, -jtan; ES+-itDn

-ikh
astigmatic

^aestig'tnaetik

|-al

-1 |-ally

-li.

at stressed

Atalanta

-ikh

astigmatism a 'stigma ;tizam

astir a'sts';

astonish

a'sAnda(r

-ikh

asterism 'aesta^rizain
astern a'styn;

ES

asylum a'sailam |-s -z |-la -la

asymmetric ^esi'metrik, ,x- |-al

'aesta(r

asterisk 'aesta^risk

ES

at

a'st3(r, a'sty

a'stam/;

all 'to

ES+-'stDn-;

|-es

-iz

unstr. at, it

'fet, ^aet;

jaetl'aenta

any

is also tlte

In

degree' a'tal, at'al

is 7iot aspirated

and

is

ES

'aesta^;

pron. wlten at

stations,

but not at

small stations at

'aesta(r

all is

This

an ordinary

atamasco jaeta'maesko

astound a'staund

atar

|-ed -id

'aeta^;

ES

all.

Cf

Atascosa ^aeta'skosa

astraddle a'str.-dl

atavic a'taevik |atavism 'aetajVizam

astragal 'aestragl

atavistic jaeta'vistik |-ally -h, -ikh

astrakhan 'aestrakan

ataxia a'taeksia [ataxy a'taeksi

Astrakhan

Atchafalaya

a,t/aefa'laia, jtjaefa-, ae^tjaefa-

astral 'aestral |-ly -i

Atchison

astray a'stre

Ate, ate myth,

See in full 3^7.

bee hi [pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

no

'aeta(r

astrachan. A- 'aestrakan

^aestra'kaen

some

It stops at

all (a'tal).

Astoria aes'toria, -'tana; S -Horia

|bath baeO;

at'al the t

usually voiced.

prepositional phrase, as in It stops at

|-ed -t

astony a'stani; ES+-'stDn-; |-nied -nid

Key:

|-al

-ikh

-li,

astrophotographic

a'Jua(r; |-d -d |-dly -idli

assurgency a'sydsansi;

l-aUy

Astrophel

|-tive -tiv

-iz

|-s

ES

-mi

astronomic jaestra'namik; ES+-'nDm-;

-d

|-d

|-al -j

-ikb

l-ally -li,

-iz |-d -d

|-s

assume a'sum, a'sium, a'sjum

Astor

a'strcdad3a(r,

astrologic jaestra'ladsik; ES+-'lDd3-;

ES

assuasive a'swesiv

A-

ES

a'stroladsa^;

-'strol-; |-gy -A^i |-gist -dsist

]-nant

-nant
assort a'sart;

aster,

-d

-iz |-d

astrolabe 'aestrajleb

prons. prevails.

tliese

|-s

'aet/isn
'eti, 'eti

(6) [rate ret lyet ]zi |sang saeg langrs- 'aeg-gri

far |watch wat/,

wot/ (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards

|go

go

The past tense

ate past of eat et

in cultivated S,

past

old

the

to

t, occas.

ate in Engd, hut

is spelt

properly belongs

form eat

it

In

the vocab.

%uhen only the pron. -it is given,

many

understood that
as in

gamut

Atlantis at'laentis

aet-

or less

mark), -ate

as in permeate 'ps'inijet,

mandate 'maendet, oblate

A-

'aetlas

Athabasca, -ka jaeOa'baeska

|-n

Atmore

atom

-iz

Athapascan jaeOa'paeskan

'aetmas^fir;

ES

jaetmas'ferik

|-al

(0

'aeealiij, 'aetSaliij

Athelstan 'aeGal^staen,

'aetam |-ism -^izam |-y

'aetJal-,

atomization jaetama'zejan,

'aeS-)

atomize

-stan

(OE

'aeS-)

'aetanijaiz

atonal e'tonl,

atone a 'ton

Athens

atony 'tani

|-'s

ES

atonicity ^aeta'nisati,

jiVF + 'eG-

-iz

-s |-ally

-li,

-ikh

atrocious a'tro/as

'aeGal, -6d1, -Gal

'aeGas, 'e-,

athwart a'Gwart;

|-s

in

The pron. a'tom.

US.

atrophy

'etri-as

Atropos 'astra^pas; ES+-iPDs;

attach a'taetj

a'Gwaat; |-ship -/ip

-ative ending -]etiv, -ativ, as in cumulative.

When

tJie

main

accent is on

second syllable before -ative, there

is

-t

attain a 'ten |-ed -d

attainable a'tenabl |-bility a^tena'bilati

attainder a'tenda^;

ES

attaint a 'tent |-ed -id

attainture a'tentja';

some speakers

nounce -ative without accent

I'ni/iativ,
is to be

|full

WJten only -^etiv

in

but

often
(-ativ),

proas

is given, -ativ

understood as a possible variant.

ful |tooth tuG Ifurther 'fytJa';

ES

-iz

{Fr ata'/e)

^aeta'/e, a'tae/e

-ative

I'mJ-ije-tiv);

|-'s

|-es -iz |-ed -t

usually a secondary accent on the -a- of

(in'i-tija-tive

-iz

-z |-ria -ria

-Gns

attack a'taek |-ed

familiar words

|-'s

ES

attache

the

jC-, -to'n-

'aetrafi |-phied -fid

atingle a'tiggl

etc.

-d

|-ity ^eto'iiaelati

atropine 'aetra;pin, -pin |-pin -pin

atilt a'tilt

operative,

|-al -I |-ally

atrocity a'trasati; ES+-'trDS-

-ole Scotl 'aeGal

home, at-home at'hom

is rare

-i

atrip a 'trip

atrium 'etriam

Athos

-h.

atrabilious jaetra'biljas

Atreus 'etrus, -trius,

Engd,

|-ally

atop a 'tap; ES+a'top

'aeGatan

'aeGlit

freq. in

-1

-d

|-d

Athol Mass
at

5+

-ai'z-

-iz |-d

|-s

ae- |-ly -i

Athlone aeG'lon

AthoU,

-ifia(r,

atonic a'tanik, e-, ae-; ES+-'tDn-

a'Gast, a'Gyst

|-s

E+

ES+-'tDm-;

ae-;

-ji, -ikli

Athena a'Gina Athene a'Gini

athenaeum, A-, -neum jaeGa'niam
Athenian a'Ginian

athletic aeG'letik

-moa(r,

atomicity jaeta'misati

'eGiist

atheistic ^eOi'istik |-al -1 |-ally

athlete

ES

-h, -ikh

atheism 'eOijizam [atheist

ES

-mar;

'aetmor,

atomic a'tamik,

'aeGa^tan;

at'laentiz.

atoll 'aetal, -tnl, a'tal, -'tnl

|-'s

athanasy a'Saenasi

Atherton

atlantes

-maa(r

atmospheric

-n

Athanasian jSeea'nesan

athirst a'Gyst;

-ikh

Athanasius jaeGa'neJias, -/as

-anz

-iz

-iz

-jfea(r

athanasia ^aeGa'nesia

'aeGinz,

|-'s

|-es

atman. A- 'otman

atmosphere

'ablet.

atelier 'aetlje {Fr ata'lje)

atheHng

atlantes pi of atlas at'lasntiz, aet-

speakers pronounce

it is to

When more

-iz |-kinson 'aetkinsn

|-'s

at'laenta, aet-

atlantean, A- ^aetlaen'tian

atlas,

^gaemat.

-et,

Atlanta

be

stressed {with or without accent

pronounced

Atkins 'aetkinz

Atlantic at'laentik

(c/meat, seat). See eat.

-ate unstressed ending -it, -at

-at,

spelling

(c/ threat, sweat), as does also the

old past pron.

is

attemper

31

ate

Attala Miss
attar 'aet*;

ES

a'tentJaCr

'aetla |Attalla

ES

'

a'tenda(r

Ala

a'taela

'aetacr

attemper a'tempa^;

ES

-pa(r;

|-ed

-d |-ing

a'temparig, a'temprig

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'visan

[Eden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


attempt

au

32

attempt a'tempt
attend a'tend

audition a'di/an |-ed -d |-ing -Janig, -Jnig

|-ed -id

-id

(-ed

|-ance

-ans

|-ant

auditorium pda'toriam,
auditory 'adajtori,

-ant

attention 3'tnX3n |-tive -tiv

Audley 'adh
Audrey 'adri

attenuate adj a'tenjuit

Audubon

attenuate

Auer 'au*; ES

attent 3't2nt

v a'tenjujct ]-d -id

au

attenuation ajtenju'e/an

Atterbury

'aeta^jberi,

ES

-ban;

-'tor-

S -jton

ES+'^bon

'ada^ban;

'au-aCr

fait o'fe {Fr o'fe)

Aufidius a'fidias

'aeta-

-'tar-;

-jtari;

-iz

|-'s

attest a'test |-ed -id |-ation jaetes'tejan

auf Wiedersehen Ger auf 'vi:darjze:an

attic 'aetik

Augeas a'dsias |-'s

augend 'ad3End

Attic 'aetik

|-a -a

|-ism 'aetijSizam

Attila 'aetja

ES

attire a'tair;

a'taia(r; |-d -d

attitudinize jaeta'tjudn^aiz, -'tiud-, -'tud-iz |-d

|-s

-d

'aeth, 'aetli

Attleboro

'aetjjbyo,

ES

-a;

-^bsr-,

-jbAr-,

-jby-

attorn a'tyn;

ES

attorney a'tyni;

'aga^;

aught

at

ES

-iz |-gean -'dsian

'aga(r

|-'s

-iz

augment n 'agment
augment v ag'ment |-ed -id |-ative -ativ
augmenter ag'tnenta^; ES -'mnta(r
au gratin o'gratn, o'graetn, -tin {Fr ogra'ta)
Augsburg 'agzbyg; ES -bsg, -byg; {Ger
'auksburk)

a'tsn, a'tyn; |-ed -d

ES

auger

Auglaize a'glez

attitude 'aeta,tjud, -^tiud, -^tud

Atlee

augur

a'tsni, a'ts^ni

'aga^;

ES

attractability a;traekta'bilati

augury

attraction a'traekjan |-tive -tiv

august a'gAst ('au^gust

'aetra^bjut, -^biut

attribute v a'tribjut

|-d

-bjatid |-tive -bjativ

attune a'tjun, a'tiun, a'tun

Augustus a'gAstas, a'gAs-

-d

|-d

atwain a'twen
'aet^wata^, -jwata', -jwota",

ES

-ta(r

au Fr o
Aubrey, -bry 'abri
auburn, A- 'aba^n; ES 'aban
Auckland bkland

Ault

ES

|-'s

aunt

fent;

aural 'aral

audible bdabl |-bly -bk

ant,

ant,

aent

'ara

|-s

tlie

Sporadic in-

N and S.

-z j-rae -ri

|-ly -i

Aurangzeb 'atAg'zeb
-iz |-ent -diant

|-s

aureate adj

aureate

audile 'adil

audio 'adijO |audiogram 'adiajgraem

ES

|-or -a^;

See in full 3^7.

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

[far

'piti

[j^et

-n

-iz

-d

jora'var;

(6) |rate ret

far |\vatch watj",

|-'s

'ari,ol |-d

au revoir

-a(r

-Ija |-n

Aurelius a'rihas
aureole

ES

'ariit, -^et

v 'ari^et |-d -id

Aurelia a 'r ilia,

-'amata(r, -'nm-

audiphone. A- bda^fon

-iz

stances of ant, ant occur in

S+-'Ea(r

-'ia(r,

aura

audiometer pdi'amata^;

-iz

Aumerle a'myl; ES a'msl, a'myl

au naturel Fr onaty'rel

audibility pda'bilati

audience 'adians, -djans

|-'s

alt

audacious a'dejas |-dacity a'daesati

|bath baeG;

isl.

au jus Fr o'sy
auk ak |-let -bt
Aulis 'abs

auction 'ak/an |-ed -d

Key:

a'gAstin, a-;

auld aid

ae- |-al -1 |-ally - ji, -ikli

audit 'adit |-ed -id

|-tan -tan

'agas^tin,

Augustinian pgas'timan

attrition a'tri/an, ae-

auctioneer pk/an'ir;

'office)

August 'agast
Augusta a'gAsta, a'gAsAlas 'agastin

at trite adj a 'trait |-d -id

Atwater

-gang,

'agjari

Augustine saint

attribution jaetra'bju/an, -'biu-

atypic e'tipik,

|-ed -d |-ing

'aga(r;

-grig

attract a'traskt |-ed -id

attribute

revoir

ES

-'vaa(r; {Fr ora'vwatr)

jet |sang saeg jangry 'aeg-gri

wotj (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards

|go

go

autonomist

33

auric
auric brik

authenticate a'6ntijket

auricle brikl

authentication ajOEnti'keXan, pOenti-

ES

auricular o'rikjala^;

|-d -id

authenticity pOan'tisati, -Gen-

-l3(r

ES

auriculate adj a'rikjalit |-lated -Jetid

author bGa^;

auriferous o'rifaras

authoritarian

Auriga a'raiga \gen Aurigae a'raidsi

-'ter- |-ism

bGa(r;

|-ess -is

ajOara'terian,

-esses -isiz

ajGar-,

ajGor-,

-^izam

Aurignacian prig'ne/an

authoritative a'Gara;tetiv, a 'Gar-, a'Gnr-

aurist 'arist

authority a'Garati, a 'Gar-, a'Gor-

aurochs braks; ES+-Dks

authorization pGara'ze/an, -ai'z-

aurora, A- a'rora, 9-, -'rara; S -Vera;

|-s

-z

aurora australis o'rora

3s'trelis, a-, -'rora;

auto

|-s

-iz |-d

-d

|-ist -ist |-tistic

a'tistik

'ato

autobiographic iata^baia'graefik

-Vera
aurora borealis aVora jbon'aelis,

aurorean a'rorian,

a-, -'rar-;

Aurorian o'rorian,

S -Vor-

auspice bspis

|-n

|-s

-jlaenda(r

autos- ptoz-

autogenous a'tadsanas; ES-^-'tods-

autograph

'atajgraef ; E-i--jgraf, -^graf

autographic

-iz

autography

Austen bstin, -tan

Auster bsta^;

bsta(r

austere

3's{ia(r,

pta'graefik

|-al

-I

|-ally

-ji,

-ikh

auspicial a'spijal |-cious -/as

ES
a'stir; ES

|-al -I |-ally -|i, -ikli

\pl

autogiro, A- pto'dsairo

-n

auspices bspi^siz

\pl

-z

|-s

autocrat 'ata^kraet

auto-da-fe ptoda'fe

ES

-bi-, -'og-

ES-h-'tok-;

-d

|-d

autocratic pta'kraetik

|-d -id

Auslander bsjlaenda^, 'aus-;

auspex bspeks

a'takGan;

autocracy a'takrasi; ES-h-'tok-

auscultation pskal'tejan

Ausonia a 'soma

autochthon

autoclave 'ata^klev
-'zib

Sable o'sebl ('Au^sable 'Chasm)

auscultate bskal^tet

|-ally

autochthonous a'takGanas; ES+-'tDk-

S -Vor-

-'rar-;

-1

|-es -iiz

|aurous bras

Aurungzeb, -ebe brAg'zeb,

Au

|-ly -i

|-al

-h, -ikh

autobiography ptabai'agrafi,

S -'rora /bori-

jbari-, -'elis;

aurum bram

-'rara

a-,

auroral D'roral, a-, -'roral; S -Voral;

Ausable,

authorize 'aGa^raiz

autism 'atizam

|-rae -ri

a'tagrafi, -'tog-

autogyro, A- pto'dsairo

autohypnosis ptohip'nosis

S+a'st8a(r

autoinfection pto'in'fekjan

austerity a'sterati

ES

Auster litz bsta^Jits;

bsta-;

|-'s

-iz {Gcr

'austar-)

autointoxication

pto-injtaksa'kejan;

ES+

-jtnk-

Austin bstin, -tan

Autolycus a'talakas; ES-h-'tol-;

austral bstral

automat 'ata^maet
automata a'tamata;

Australasia pstral'esa, -/a

Australia a'strelja

Austrasia a'stresa, -/a

Austria bstria

]-n

|-n

-n

|-n

-iz

ES-i- -'torn-

automatic pta'maetik

-n

|-n

j-'s

|-al -1 j-ally -li, -ikli

automatism a'tamajtizam; ES-h-'tomautomaton a'tama^tan, -tan; ES-f-a'toma-

-n

-n

Austria-Hungary bstria 'hAggari

jton, -tan;

|-s

-z |-ta -ta

Austro-Hungarian bstrohAg'gerian, -'ger-

automobile adj pta 'mobil

Austronesian pstro'nisan, -/an

automobile n 'atamajbil, pta'mobil, ptama-

autarch btark;
autarchic

ES

-ta:k,

a'tarkik;

ES

E+-ta:k;
a'ta:k-,

'bU

|-y -i

E+a'tark-;

l-al -I

autarky btarki;

ES

-ta:ki,

E+-ta:ki;

|-kist

l-ally -h,

[-al -1 |-ally -li |-icly

-ikh

]-al

-1

-ikh

autonomist a'tanamist; ES+-'ton-;

-kist

authentic a'Oentik

automotive pta'motiv
autonomic pta'namik; ES4--'noin-;

|-mous

-mas -my -mi

I

|fuU ful Itooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa^;

ES

'fsSa [custom

|using 'juzirj [fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dif [vision 'vi3an

'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

autopsy

axle

.34

autopsy btapsi,

'otapsi;

ES+ -top-

avoid a'vaid [-ed -id [-ance -ns

autos-da-fe pi ptozda'fe

avoirdupois

autosuggestion ptasag'dsestjan, -sa'dses-

Avon

autumn btam
Auvergne

o'tAmni

|-al

|-ally

ES oVsn,

o'vyn;

o'vyn;

{Fr

Avon Lake, Avon Park

avouch a'vautj

auxiliary Dg'ziljari, -'zibri, -'zibiCri

avow a'vau

avail a'vel |-ed -d

avuncular a'vAgkjala-;

availability a^veb'bilati

await a 'wet |-ed -id

E+-jantX, -iOntJ;

'aevljaentj;

|-s

a'wekt

|-es -iz |-ed -t

ES

-jala(r; |-late -lit

awoke a'wok
awaked a'wekt

\past

\pptc

or
or

awaked
awoke

a'wok

-iz |-d -t

Avalon, -Uon

awaken a'wekan |-ed -d |-ing -kamg, -knig

award a'ward; ES a'waad; |-ed -id

'aBvl,an, -^on {Fr ava'lo)

avarice 'aevaris, 'aevris |-cious jaeva'rijas

aware a'wer, a'war; E a'wEa(r,

awash a'waj, a'wa/, a 'wo/

avast a'vaest; E+aVast, a Vast

avatar jaeva'tar;

ES

-'ta:(r,

E+-'ta:(r

ave, A- 'evi, 'ave

Avebury, Abury 'eban, Vv^beri, -ban

'aevinz,

|-s

-anz

aweful

-Wan

'aful |-ly -i

aweigh a 'we

-iz j-d -d

aweless

|-es -iz

awesome 'asam

|awelessness 'alisnis

'alis

Aventine 'aevan^tam, -tin

awful 'impressive'

aventurine, -in a'ventjarin

awful

avenue

awheel a'hwil

'aevaiHu, -{aiu, -fl\\x

aver

'assert'

aver

'horse' 'eva^;

a'vy;

ES aV3(r,
ES 'eva(r

average 'aevrids, 'aevaridj

Avernus a'vynas; ES

a'vy; |-red -d

|-s

a'vs-, a'vy-;

|-'s

\-\y 'af li, 'afli

'akwa^d;

ES 'akwad

al

awless

-iz

aVys; ES a'vss, aV^s

aversion aV^san, -Jan; ES aVs-, a'vyavert aVyt; ES a'vst, aVyt; |-ed -id
Avery 'evari, 'evri

hi]

awhile a 'h wail

awl

-d

'aful |-ly -i

'great,' 'ugly'

awkward
-iz |-d

averse

Aves pi of Avis
Avesta a 'vesta

lawlessness 'alisnis

'alls

awlless

'allis

awn an

|-ed

-d

awning 'anig
awoke a'wok [awoken arch, a'wokan
awork a'wyk; ES a'wsk, a'wyk
awry a'rai
ax, axe aeks [axes 'aeksiz |axed kst

'eviz

avian 'evian
aviary 'evi^eri

axes pi of axis 'aeksiz

aviate 'evijet, 'aev- |-d -id |-tor

aviation jevi'e/an,

-a^;

ES

-a(r

axial 'aeksial |-Iy

-i

axil 'aeksil jaxile 'aeksil, -ail

^aevi-

aviculture 'evijkAltJa^;

ES -jkAlt/aCr

axilla aek'sila

avid 'aevid avidity a'vidati

Avignon a'vinja, a'vinjan {Fr

Avoca a'voka
avocado jQva'kado, jaeva-

|-s

-z |-lae

axiom '^eksiam

avi'jio)

axiomatic

^aeksia'maetik

axis 'aeksis |axes 'aeksiz

avocet 'aevajset

axle 'aeksl |-d -d

bee bi |pity

ba8 (10) |ah a

|-al

-1

|-ally

-Ji,

-ikli

avocation jaeva'ke/an, jsevo-

See in full 3-47.

-li

axillary 'aeksajleri

a'waea(r

aweary a'wiri, a'win; S+a'weri

awedness 'adnis

Ave Maria 'avimaVia

Ave Maria Lane Land 'evimajraia'len
Ave Mary 'evi'meri, -'meiri, -'men,
avenge a 'vends

ES

away a 'we
awe a |-d -d

avaunt a'vant, aVont, a'vant

|bath baeO;

'evan, -on

|-ed -d |-al -al |-edly -idli

awake a'wek

available aVelabl |-bly -bh

Key:

'evan,

avoset 'aevajSEt

aux Fr o

avens

^aeva-

Warmckshire

'aevan,

ScoU 'evan, an

o'tAmnji

o'vrji, 3-)

avalanche

ES

jaeva'-da'paiz;

'evan,

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret

far |watch wat/,

Ij^et

jet |sang saeg [angrj^ 'aeg-gri

wotj (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards

|go

go

backswept

35

axletree

Azazel a^zezal, 'aezsjzel

axletree 'aeksljtri, -tri

Axminster 'aeksjininsto; ES -jminst3(r

Azerbaijan jaza^bai'dsan,

axolotl 'aeksajatl; ES+-jlDtl

azimuth 'aezamaO

ay

azine 'aezin, -in

intj 'alas!'

ay

ay, aye 'always' e

ayah

Azof

is the better spelling

|-in

azole 'aezol, a'zol

Ayden 'edn

Azores a'zorz,

Ayer

'yes' ai

er, jer;

Aylesbury

Aylmer
Ayr ET,
Ayres

ES

aye

-za-

-in

aer;

ES

ES

azote

ES

E+

-oaz,

'aezot, a'zot

azoth 'sEzaG, -d6

ES

Azov

ae3(r

E eaz, ES aeaz; |-'s -iz

'erjir, W-, -JV; E 'eaJiaCr,

'azaf, -znf, 'ezav, 'ezov

Azrael

erz, aerz;

'aezrial

Aztec 'aeztek |-an -an

-fait,

azure

'aea-

Ayscough, -cue

-orz;

azorite 'aeza^rait

ae3(r

-ban

'elm3(r

e3(r,

'ezorz,

-33Z

is the better spelling

3(r,

'elz,beri,

'elma^;

Ayrshire

ES

azoic a'zo'ik

^aja

ay

^aeza'-;

jaezs'mAOal

'azaf, -znf

Aydelotte 'edl^at; ES+'^nt

aye,

|-al

'aesa^, 'esa^;

ES

-33(r; |-d -d

azurine 'ae53rin, -^ain

'aeskju, 'es-, -kiu

Ayton, Aytoun 'etn

azurite 'ae33jrait

Azalea a'zeha |azalea a^zelja

Azusa

aWsd

B
B, b letter bl \pl B's, Bs, pass B's biz
baa bae:, ba:, ba: \3 sg baaes, pi n baas

Bacheller
-z

'baet/ala^, 'b^tjla-;
'baetjala^, 'bjetjla

Bachman

|-ed -d |-ing -ig

Baal

bachelor

'baekman, 'bak- {Ger 'baxman)

babbitt, B- 'baebit |-ed -id

bacillus ba'silas |-U -lai

babble 'baebl

back baek

babe beb
Babel 'bebl,

Bab

el

ES -la(r
ES -la(r

bacillary 'baesljEri, 'baesij-

'beal, bel

|-d

-d |-ling

'baeblii}, -blig

|-ed -t |-ache -^ek

backbite 'baekjbait
'baebl

Mandeb

'baebjel'maendeb, 'babjEl-

'man-

|-bit -jbit |-bitten -/bitn

backbone 'baek'bon, -jbon |-d -d

backfire n 'baek^fair; ES -jfaia(r
backfire v 'baekjfair, -'fair;

ES

-aia(r; i-d -d

baboo, babu 'babu

backgammon

baboon bae 'bun, ba'bun

baby 'bebi |-bied -bid
Babylon 'baeblan

background 'baekjgraund
backhand 'baek'haend, -^haend

Babylonia jbaebl'onia, -nja

'baek^gaeman, jbaek'gaeman

l-ed

-id

('backihand(ed) 'stroke)
]-n

backlash 'baekjlae/

-n

|-es -iz |-ed -t

baccalaureate jbaeka'briit

backlog 'biekibg,

baccarat, -ra ^baeka'ta, 'baeka^ra {Fr baka'ra)

backset 'baekjSt

Bacchae

backslide 'baek^slaid, 'baek'slaid [slid -jslid.

'baeki

bacchanal 'baekanl,

|-s

Bacchus 'baekas

j-'s

-Ija [-n

backspace 'baek^spes

-n

-s |-es ba'kaentiz, bae-

bacchante ba'kaenti, -'kaent,

Bacchic, b- 'baekik

bae-, 'baekant

|-s

-iz |-d -t

backspin 'baekjspin
backstage adv 'baek'steds, adj 'baekjSteds

backstay 'baek^ste

|-al -1

|-ed -d

backstroke 'baek^strok

-iz

Bach bak, box {Ger bax)

|fuU ful |tooth tu9 [further

-Jng

-'slid l-slidden -jslidn, -'slidn

-^nael

Bacchanalia, b- jbaeka'neka,

bacchant 'baekant

-ilag,

backswept 'baek^swept
'fs^tJa^;

ES

'fstia

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzio [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

backward

36

backward 'biekwa^d; ES -wad; |-s -z

backwash 'baekjwaj, -jwo/, -iWoJ

|- es

-IZ

-jWDta^;

ES

l-ed -t

backwater

'baek^wata',

-^wata',

-t3(r

Balearic

Bagworthy Lorna Doone 'baedsan

bah ba, ba, bae |-ed -d
Bahai ba'ha-i |-haism -'ha-izam
Bahama ba'hema, loc. and Brit ba'hama
|-s

backwoods 'baek'wudz, 'baek^wudz

-men -man
bacon, B- 'bekan, 'beko
Baconian be'konian, ba-, -njan
bacteria baek'tiria

|-1 -1

\sg

-man.

-z

Bahia ba'hia {Pg

ba'ia)

Baikal bai'kal
bail bel |-ed -d |-ee 'bel'i

bailey,

-ium -m

B-

'beli

|-liff -lif

bailiwick 'bela^wik
Baillie 'beb

bactericide baek'tira^said

bacterin 'baektarin

bailsman 'belzman |-men -man

bacteriological 'baekjtiria'Iadsikl, baekj tiria-;

Bainbridge 'benbnds

Baird berd, baerd;

ES+-'lDd5bacteriologist

baek,tiri-;

'baekjtiri'aladsist,

-iz

|-'s

ES

bead,

bairn bern, baern, bern;

ES

bacteriolysis 'baekjtiri'alasis, baek^tiri-

ES+

bait bet |baited 'betid

baize bez |baizes 'beziz |-d -d

-'d1-

bacteriophage baek'tiria^fedj
Bactria 'baektria

|-s

bake bek baked bekt

-iz

bakehouse 'bekjhaus |-houses -jhauziz

Bakehte, b- 'beka^lait, 'beklait

-n

|-n

bad baed
bade past of bid baed
Baden US 'bedn, Germany

baker, B- 'beka^;

'badn

{Gcr

badge baeds
badger, B-

|-s

'bekig^paudaf,

'baedsaCr;

]-

ed -d

'baed3ari = Bagwortliy

Balaclava, -klava jbaela'klava

balalaika jbaela'laika

badminton, B- 'baedmintan

balance 'baclans

Badon 'bedn
Baeda 'bida,

Balanga bajagga {Sp ba'lagga)

cf

Bede

ES

-ka(r;

(Ger

'b:dakar)

hxi

|-s

-iz \-A -t

balata 'baelata
-da-;

'bedika^,

Balboa bael'boa
balboa coin bal'boa
balbriggan, B- ba;l'brigan

l-ed -t (Sc baf)

Baffin 'baefin

balcony 'baelkani balconied 'bselkanid

baffle 'bief j |-d -d 1-Iing -'bicfho, -fbg

bald bald

bafy 'bafi (Sc 'bafi)

baldachin 'baeldakin,

bag baeg

|-ged -d |-man,

-men -man

Balder, -dr 'balda-;

'bal-

ES

bagasse ba'gaes (Fr ba'gas)

balderdash 'balda^jdaej;

bagatelle ,baega'tel

baldhead 'bald.hed

Bagdad

bag'dad ('Baghdad

'baegdsed,

'rail-

(way)

bagful 'baeg/ful

ES

'balda-

bald-headed 'bald'hedid ('bald -,headed 'man)

baldric 'baldrik, 'badrik |-ked

|-s

baggage 'baegids

|-s

bale,

-iz

B- bel ibaled beld

Bale bal

bagpipe 'baeg,paip
See in full 3~47.

-t

Baldwin 'baldwin, -dm

-z

'baegat

|bath baeO;

'balda(r

baldpate 'baldjpet j-pated -'petid

Bagehot 'baedjat

Key:

ES

Baku ba'ku
Balaam 'belam

badinage 'baednids, jbaedi'naj {Fr badi'nais)

Baedeker

'bekg-;

baksheesh, -shish 'baekji/

ES

|-ing 'baedsarig, 'baedsrig

Badgworthy

'beka(r; j-kerv -kan.

-da(r

-iz |-d -d

'baedsa^;

ES

-kri

baking-powder

'bardan)

Baden-Powell 'bedn'poal

Bagot

baean.

bean

ES+-'d1-; |-gy -d5i

baff

baead

bean,

Balearic ,baeli'aerik, ba'link

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

[far far

'piti

(6) [rate ret

Ij^et

jet |sang saeg |angr\- 'aeg-gri

[watch watj, wotj (12) |jaw d^o Igorge gards |go go

baleen

bank

37
Balzac 'baelzaek {Fr. bal'zak)

baleen ba'lin

ES

balefire 'beljair;

baleful 'belfal 1-ly

baler 'bela^;

ES

bambino

'bel]fai3(r

bamboo baem'bu ('bam^boo

'bel3(r

ES

Balfour 'baelfur;

bam-

baem'bino,

-ni

j-ni

(//

bam'bi:no)

-i

bamboozle baem'buzl

'baelfuaCr

Baliol 'beljal, 'belial

'pole)

-d

j-ed

-zlig.

|-ling

-zlig

balk bak |balked bokt |balky 'baki

ban baen [banned baend

Balkan 'bDlkan

banal 'benl, ba'nael, -'nal, 'baenl {Fr ba'nal)

BaLkanize 'balkanjaiz

-iz ]-d

|-s

banality ba'naebti, be-, bae-

-d

ballad 'baelad balladry 'baebdn

banana ba'naena
Banbury 'basnjben,

ballade ba'lad, bse'lad {Fr ba'lad)

Bancroft 'baenkraft, 'baeg-, -krnft

ball-and-socket 'babn'sakit; ES+-'sDk-

band baend [banded 'baendid

bandage 'baendid3 |-s -iz |-d -d
bandanna baen'daena
bandbox 'baend^baks, 'baen-; ES-t--jbDks;

ball bol

balled bald
|

Ballantrae jbaebn'tre, 'baebntri

ES

Ballard 'b^la^d;
ballast 'baebst

'b^lad

ballasted 'baebstid

ballerina jbaeb'rins

|-s

-z (// ,bal!eVi:na)

|-es -IZ

bandeau baen'do, 'baendo

ballet 'baele, 'baeb, bae'le {Fr ba'k)

ES

Ballinger 'baehndsa^;

Bandello baen'delo

bs-

]-s

ES

Bandelier jbaendl'ir;

-d33(r

Balliol 'beljal, 'bekal

ballistic bae'kstik,

'baem-, -ban, -bri

-'ia(r, S-i--'a(r

{It ban'dello)

banderole 'baendajrol

-s

bandicoot 'baendi^kut

ballonet jbaeb'net

balloon ba'lun, bl'un |-ed -d

bandit 'baendit

[-ry -ri [-ditti baen'diti

ballot 'baebt [balloted 'baebtid

bandmaster

'baend ^maesta',

Ballou ba'lu, bae'lu

ES

'baen-;

-jmaesta(r, E-t--/mas-, -^mas-

ballproof 'bal'pruf ('balliproof 'armor)

bandog

ballroom 'bal^rum, -jium

bandoleer ^baenda'lir;

ballyhoo 'baeh^hu, jbaeh'hu |-ed -d

bandore baen'dor, 'baendor,

Ballymena jbaeh'mina
balm bam |balmed bamd |balmy 'bami;

'baen,dag, -idng

ES

-'lia(r, S-F-'lea(r

ES

-ar;

-oa(r.

E-i--aa(r

|E-h

bandsman 'baendzman,

'baenz- j-men

bandstand 'baend^staend,

-a-

-man

'baen-

Balmoral bael'maral, -'mar3l, -'moral

bandy

balneal 'baelnial

bandy-legged 'baendi 'kgid, -'kgd, 'baendi-

balneology jbaelni'abdsi; ES-h-'nl-

'baendi [bandied 'baendid

(kgid, -jkgd

baloney ba'lom, bj'ora

bane ben

balsa 'balsa, 'balsa

Banff

balsam 'balsam

|-ed -d
|-al -1 [-ally

-h, -ikh

Balthazar

ES

-tad; c/ blood-boltered

bael'Gaeza';

jbaelea'zar, -ta'zar;

ES -'Gaeza(r;
ES -'za:(r

Shak.

'balta,mor,

E+-jmaa(r;

loc.

-imar;

ES

-jmoa(r.

'baltama^, -ma(r

Baluchistan bajutji'staen,

-'stan,

ES

ES

'baeggl

-Jir,

-JV;

ES

-Xia(r,

Me

-ta(r; |-ed

-d

[bangling

'baeggkg.

'baeggar, -ga', Wales, Ircl 'baegga';

[-es -iz |-ed -t

banister 'baenista^;

ES

-ta(r; [-ed

-d

[-ed -d

banjorine ^baendsa'rin

-d

ful [tooth tue [further 'fy'Sa^;

[-d

-gaa(r, -ga(r

banjo 'baendso

balustrade jbaeb'stred |-straded -'stredid

[full

bangle

banish 'baem/
ba'lutji-

jStaen, -^stan, -uki-

baluster 'baebsta^;

|-ful -fal [-fully -fall

[-shire

bang baeg [banged baegd

bang 'bhang' baeg
Bangkok 'baegkak, baeg'kak; ES-h-nk
-gbo
Bangor

Baltic 'baltik

Baltimore

-d

-/3(r

balsamic bal'saemik, bael'saemik

baltered 'balta^d;

[-d

baemf

ES

'fa'Sa

bank baegk [banked baegkt

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan

tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

bankrupt

Barmecide

38

Words below in which a

before r (farm) is

bankrupt 'baegkrApt, -rapt

|-ed

-id

ES

ES

'ba:ba(r; |-ed -d |-ing

barberry 'bar^beri, -ban;

banneret, -ette banner /baenaVet

Barberton 'barba^tan;

-bang, -brig

bannock 'bsenak
Bannockburn 'baenakjbs-n, ^baenak'byn
-an, -yn
banns, bans baenz
banquet 'baegkwit, 'baen- |-ed -id

ES

barbette bar'bet;
;

ES

ES

ES

ba:'b8t

ES

barbican, B- 'barbikan;

Barclay 'barkli,

'baentacr;

|-ed

-d |-ing

bareback

Banting 'baentig
-d

-iz |-d

ES

-le;

ba(r,

'bsr^baek,

ES

barefoot 'berjfut, 'baer-;

barehead 'ber^hEd,

baptismal baep'tizml

bareheaded 'ber'hedid,

j-ly -i

Baptista Minola baep'tista'minala

|

|-s

'bea-,

ES

'baea-;

'baer-;

'bea-,

ES

'baea-

'bea-,

ES

'bajsa:k,

ES

'baer-;

ES 'ba:gin; |-ed -d
ES ba:d3; |-s -iz |-d -d
bargeman 'bardsman; ES 'ba:d3-;

Baring-Gould 'berig'guld, 'baerig-; S

baritone 'baerajton

'barba,doz;

ES

barium 'beriam,
bark bark;

Barbara 'barbara, -bra; ES 'barb-

ES

'baer-, 'ber-;

ba:k; j-ed

barkeeper 'bar^kipa^;

bar'berian, -'baer-, -'ber-,

-jan;

baba:-; |-ally

barbarity bar 'baer ati;

ES

-li,

-ikh

'barbajrizam

ES baES

barbarous 'barbaras, -bras;

ES

'ba:ikipa(r

ES

'bark-

'ba:ka(r

'ba:li;

|-corn -jkarn;

ES

-jkaan

Barmecide 'barma,said; ES 'barm-

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

barley 'barli;

ES

S 'baer-, 'ber-

-t

barm barm; ES barm

barmaid 'bar^med; ES 'bar,med

'ba:b-

Barbary 'barbari; ES 'batbari

See in full 3-47.

ES

barkentine 'barkan,tin;
Barker, b- 'barka^;

ES

'ber-

barite 'berait, 'baerait, 'berait; S 'baer-, 'ber-

ba:-, 'barb-

barbarism 'barbajrizam;

|-men

-man
Barham, Richard 'bseram
baric 'baerik

ba:b; |-ed -d, -id

barbaric bar'baenk;

barge bard5;

Barbados, -oes bar'bedoz,

'baea-;

'lie)

bargain 'bargin;

-iz j-d -d

ba:(r; [-red -d

-IZ

|batli baeG;

ES

'bea-,

'baea-

Baraboo 'berajbu, 'baer-; S 'baerBaraca ba'raeka

Barak 'berak, 'baerak, 'beraek

Key:

baresark 'ber^sark, 'baer-;

-tri

Barabas Marlowe 'baerabas |-'s -iz

Barabbas Bible ba'raebas, in Shak. 'baerabas

ES

ES

'baea-

baptistery 'baeptistri, -tan baptistry

barbarian

'bea-,

|-ed -id

Baptist 'baeptist

ES

|-cedly -sidk, -sth ('bare^faced

baobab 'beo,baeb, 'baojbaeb

baptism 'baeptizam

barb barb;

'baea-

banzai 'ban'za-i, 'ban'zai

|-'S

baea(r; |-d -d

'baer-;

barefaced 'ber 'f est, 'bier-;

ES

{Sp jbarBe-

'ba:k-

Bantu 'baen'tu, 'ban- ('Ban^tu 'language)

banyan 'baenjan, 'bfenjaen

bar bar;

'ba:kajrol

bard bard; ES ba:d; |-ic -ik

Bardolph 'bardalf, -dolf ; ES 'barbare ber, baer;

-tang, -trig

baptize bsep'taiz

ES

jba:-;

'lona)

Banta 'baenta, publisher 'banta

Bantam, b- 'baentam

|-s

ES

Barcelona jbarsl'ona;

-ko

banshee, -shie 'baenji, baen'Ji

bantingize 'baentig^aiz

'ba:-

-cas -kas. It -che -ke

barcarole, -rolle 'barkajrol;

ES

'ba:-

'ba:batan

Barbour 'barba-; ES 'ba:ba(r

Barca 'barka; ES 'ba:-; \pl Eng-ca.?, -kaz, Sp

banquette baeg'kst
'baen-,

a (fa:m)

'ba:-; |-d -d

'ba:bl

barber, B- 'barba^;

banner 'baena^; ES 'baenafr

banneret knight 'baenarit, -^rzt

banter 'baenta^;

ES

barbecue 'barbi,kju, -/kiu;

barbel 'barbl;

-ptsi, -psi

Bankside 'baegk,said

Banquo 'baegkwo,

E with

sounded a are often pronounced in

j-ptcy

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg langrj^ 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wntj

(12) |ja\v dsa |gorge gards |go go


bar mizvah

39

basilica

Words below in which a before r (farm) is sounded a are often pronounced in E with a (fa:m)
Words below that have ae before r (carry 'kaeri) are often pronounced in N with ('ken, 94)
bar mizvah, mitz- 'bar'mitsva;

barn barn;

ES

ES

Barrie 'baeri

'ba:-

ba:n; [ed -d

barrier 'baeria';

Barnabas 'barnabas; ES 'bama-;

Barnaby 'barnabi; ES 'bainabi

ES

barnacle 'barnakj, 'barm-;

j-'s

Barnardine 'barna^jdin;

ES

|-

d-d

'barna-

-'dar;

ES

'ba:nMo3(r,

E+-'d33(r; ('barn-jdoor 'fowl)

Barnegat ibariu'gaet;

ES

jba:m-; ('Barne-igat

Mass

ES

'barnit; ace/ + Bar 'nett

'barnstabl;

Barnstaple Dev 'barnstapl;

ES
ES

l-ed

ES

'barn^starin;

E+

'ba:n-; loc.

'barta^;

-ba:'tas;

ES

'ba:itnda(r

'ba:ta(r;

-d

|-ing

-jiniu;

ES

|-ed

-tang, -trig

Bartholomew

'barn^stoam;

ES

ES

-iz

|-'s

bartender 'bar^tend*;
barter

'ba:n-

-stabl {spelt -pie 1086, -ble 1421)

barnstorm

'baeristafr

Bartas, du djubar'tas, dm-, du-;

{Fr dybar'ta:s)

Barnstable

ES

barroom 'bar^rum, -jtum; ES 'bai^rbarrow, B- 'baero, -ra

Barry 'baeri
Barrymore 'baerajinor, -iinar; ES -imoa(r,
-jm3a(r

'Bay)
Barnet(t) 'barnit;

'baeri- a(r

barrister 'baerista^;

'ba:n-;

Barnard 'barna^d; ES 'barnad

barn door 'barn'dor,

ES

Barrington 'baerigtan

-iz

bar'8alajmju,

ba'eal-, -'GdI-

Bartimeus jbarta'mias; ES jba:ta-;

-d

Barnum 'barnam; ES 'bainam

barnyard 'barnjard; ES 'bam^jard

bartizan

barogram 'baer3,graem
barograph 'baerajgraef; E+-jgraf,

Bartlett 'bartht, -lat;

'bartazn,

jbarta'zaen;

ES

|-'s

-iz

'ba:ta-.

jba:ta-

ES

'ba:t-

barometer b3'ram3t3^;ES ba'ramataCr, -'rom-

Baruch Bible 'berak, 'baerak, 'berak, -ruk;

S 'baer-, 'berBaruch Bernard ba'ruk

barometric jbaera'metrik

barytone 'baerajton

-/graf

barographic jbaera'graefik

|-al -1 |-ally -li.

-ikh

baron, B- 'baeran |-age -ids |-ages -idsiz

basal 'besl

baroness 'baeranis

|-es -iz

basalt ba'salt, 'baesalt

baronet 'baeranit, -^net l-ed -id |-age -ids

basaltic ba'saltik, bae-

|-ly -i

bascule 'baeskjul, 'baeskiul

|-ages -idsiz |-cy -si

barong ba'rag, ba'rag, -'rDO

barony 'baerani |-nial ba'ronial

base bes bases 'besiz based best

baroque ba'rok {Fr

baseboard 'besjbord, -jbard;

ba'rb'k)

baroscope 'baera^skop

barouche ba'ruj, bae-

barque bark;

|-s

baseborn 'bes'barn;

-iz

Basel 'bazl

-t

barrator 'baerata^;

|-s

ES

-iz |-d

'bands

IZ

|-s

-d

ES

-'baan; ('base-born

see Basle

bases pi of base 'besiz

bases pi of basis 'besiz

'baerata(r; |-try -tri

bash bae/ jbashes

'baejiz |bashed bae/t

Bashan 'be/aen, 'be/an

bashaw ba'/a

Barre, Isaac 'baeri, hence next

Barre Mass, Vt

'baeri

barrel 'baeral, 'baeri, 'baeril |-ed -d

bashful 'bXfal jbashfuUy 'baejfak

barren 'baeran j-ness 'baerannis

bashi-bazouk 'baejiba'zuk

barret, Barrett 'baent

basic 'besik |-ally

barette ba'ret

basicity be'sisati

barricade n ,baera'ked, 'baera^ked

basil,

barricade v jbaera'ked |-d -id

basilica ba'sihka, ba'zihka

Ifull

E+

basement 'besmant

'act of barriitg,' 'bar'

barrage mil. ba'ras

-jboad,

'serf)

barracuda jbaera'kuda
barrage

ES

-jbaad

ES ba:k

barrack 'baerak |-ed

baseball 'bes'bal, 'besjbal

ful |tooth tue [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fstJa

B-

-li, -ikli

'baezl, -zil

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how hau |toy tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

[using 'jiizig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan


basilisk

40

bebaton bae'tan,

basilisk 'baesajisk 'baza^lisk

basin 'besn jbasined 'besnd

ES-i--'tDn; {Fr

'baetn, bae'ta;

ba'to)

basinet 'baesanit

Baton Rouge

Basingstoke 'bezig,stok

batrachian ba'trekian

'baetn'ru3

-iz

|-'s

batsman 'baetsman |-men 'b^etsman

basis 'besis |bases 'besiz

bask baesk; E+bask, bask;

batswing 'baets,wig

|-ed -t

basket 'basskit; E+'baskit, 'baskit

battalion ba'taeljan, bae'taeljan

basketball 'baeskitjbal; E+'bas-, 'bas-

basketful 'baeskitjful; E+'bas-, 'bas-;

batten 'baetn |-ed -d |-ing

|-s

-z

basketry 'baeskitn; E+'bas-, 'bas-

ES

batter 'b^ta^;

'baetnii), 'baetnig

'baeta(r;

-ed -d

battery 'baetari, 'baetn

Basle bal

battle 'baetl |-d -d |-ling 'baetlig, 'baethg

Basque baesk

Battle Creek 'baetl'krik, -'krik

Basra 'bAsra

battledore 'baetljdor, -/dar;

bas-relief jba-n'lJf, ^baes-, 'ba-ri/Iif, 'baes-

-,doa(r, E-t-

battlement n 'b^tjmant

basa fish baes |basses 'baesiz

bass music bes |basses 'besiz

battlement

Bassanio ba'sanijO, ba'sanjo

trisyllabic

in

Shak.
basset,

ES

-jdaa(r

'baetljmEnt |-mented -jmentid

battleplane 'baetj,plen
battleship 'baetjj/ip

B-

battue bae'tu, bae'tiu, bae'tju {Fr ba'ty)

'baesit

Bassianus jbaesi'enas

batty

-iz

|-'s

'baeti

bauble 'babl

bassinet jbaesa'net, 'baes3jnet

basso 'baeso

Baucis 'basis Baucis' 'basis

bassoon bae'sun, ba'sun, -'zun

baudekin 'badakin

basso-relievo 'baeso- ri'livo {It -rilievo 'basso-

Bausch and Lomb 'ba/an'lam, -'Inm-, -'lam

bauxite 'baksait, 'bozait

ri'lje:vo)

basswood 'baes^wud

Bavaria ba'veria, ba'veria

bast baest

bastille baes'til {Fr bas'ti:j)

bawcock 'bajkak; ES-i-'ba^kok

bawd bad [bawdry 'badri |bawdy
bawl bal bawled bald
ba}^ be bayed bed

bastinado jbaesta'nedo

bayard, B- 'bea^d.

bastard 'baesta^d;

ES

'baestad

baste best |basted 'bestid basting 'bestig

|-n

-n

'badi

Am

statesmen 'baia^d;

ES

-ad

bastion 'baestjan, 'baestian

Basutoland ba'sutOjlaend

Bayeux be'ju {Fr

bat baet |batted 'baetid

bayonet 'beanit |bayoneted 'beanitid, -,ntid

Bataan ba'tan, ba-,

bae-

Bayonne

Batavia bo'tevia, -'tevja

ba'jan

US

ba'jo)

be'jon;

France,

bate bet bated 'betid

bayou 'baiu, 'baiju

Bayreuth bai'rait, 'bairait {Ger

bai'rayt)

bateau bae'to

bazaar ba'zar;

batch baetj batches

|

'baetjiz

batched baetjt

bath, B- baeO; E-^baO, baG; |-ths

-(5z |-th's -Gs

bathe beS |bathed bctSd bathing 'beSig

be

bathetic bo'Oetik

bathhouse 'baeO,haus;

ES + -Ods

'baeOa^st;

ES

ba'za:(r, E-i--'za:(r

'bi'si

V stressed 'bi, jbi; unsir.

be- unstressed

E-i-'baO-, 'baO-

prefi.x bi-,

'baO-

ba-

'bseOast

may

style;

in a more familiar style.

1,

in full 3~47.

Usually

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

only

Where ba-

where bi-

is given,

often be substituted bef. conss., esp.

batiste bae'tist, ba- {Fr ba'tist)

|bath baeO;

usually bi- would represent a some-

is give?i,

what more careful

batik 'batik, bae'tik, bo-, 'bajtik

Key: See

bi

ba-

one pron. is given in the vocab.

bathroom 'baeejrHm, -jrum; E-t-'baO-,

Bathsheba baeO'Jiba, 'baeOjiba
Bathurst

ES

Fr

bdellium 'deliam

bathos 'beOas;

B.C.

be'on,

bl- is a

common

When

followed by

variant (believe bl'iv).

(6) |rate ret |yet JEt |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw dga |gorge gards |go go

beach

bedew

41

The bi- type with many speakers has

the

usual tendency toward bi-.

beach bit/

beachcomber 'bitjjkoma^ ES -jkom3(r

;

|-ed -d j-ing 'bikanig,

bomar'/e)

-knig

beau monde bo'mand, -'mond {Fr bo'mo:d)

Beaumont 'bomant, -mont
Beauregard 'bora^gard; ES -/ga:d, E+-jga:d

Beaconsfield in Bucks 'bk3nz/fild

Beaconsfield Lord 'bikanzjfild

bead bid beaded 'bidid

|

-dam

beadle 'bidi |-dom

|-ry

-'dial

Beauheu Engd 'bjuh, 'biuh

Beaumarchais ^bomar'/e; ES -mar'/e; {Fr

[-es -iz 1-ed -t

beacon 'bikan

beau geste Fr bo'sest

beau ideal 'boai'dial, -'dil,

beauteous 'bjutias, 'biu-

-n

beadroll 'bid^rol

beautiful 'bjutafal, 'biu-

|-ly

beadsman 'bidzman |-men -man

beadwork 'bid^wyk; ES -jwsk, -^wyk

beautify 'bjutajfai, 'biu-

|-fied -jfaid

beauty

beagle, B- 'bigl

Beauvais bo've {Fr bo've)

'bika-;

beam bim

'bjuti, 'biuti

beaux boz

beak bik |-ed -t

beaked adj bikt,
beaker

-fah, -fh

beaux-arts Fr bo'za:r

'bikid

ES

Beaven 'bevan

'bika(r

beaver, B- 'biva^;

|-ed -d

ES

'biva(r

E + -'kam;

beam-ends 'bim'gndz, -^endz, -nz

bean bin |-ed -d
beano 'bino

becalm bi'kam;
became bi'kem

beanstalk 'bin^stak

bechance bi't/aens; E-h-'t/ans, -'t/ans;

because bi'kaz, ba-, -'koz, -'kAz

E be'aCr, ES baea(r
baer; E bea(r, ES baea(r;

bear n ber, baer;

bear

v ber,

bor, bar;

barn;

ES

beard bird;

ES

boan,

ES

[bore

E+baan

brad,

I-ed

'bra(r,

bearskin 'ber^skin, 'baer-;

beast bist |beasted 'bistid

ES

becket, B- 'bekit

'bea-,

ES

'baea-

|-ly -li

beat bit \past beat bit \pptc beaten 'bitn

|-ed -d |-ing 'bekanig,

becloud bi'klaud

'baerafr

or

become bi'kAm
bi'kAm

bedabble

beatification bi,aetafa'ke/an

beatify bi'aeta^fai -fied -^faid

-bhg
bedaub bi'dab

beatitude biWaitjud, -^tiud, -jtud

bedazzle bi'daezl

name

Beatrice fem.

{It jbea'tri:tXe)

Beatrix 'biatriks
Beattie, -tty
|-s,

'biatris,

-iz

|-'s

|-'s

in Dante 'biatris

Beauclerc, -rk

ES

[become

-'kaer;

ES

-'kEa(r,

ES

'bit/am (Fr bo '/a)

'bo^kkr,

-jklaer,

-jklark;

SC

-d

|-ling

-'dasbhg.

|-ed -d
|-d

-d |-ling -'dajzhg, -zbg

bedbug 'bedjbAg
bedchamber 'bed^tXemba'; ES -itjemba(r

ES

-ikAva(r

'bjufa^t, 'biu-,

NC

Bedel,

'bo-;

-11

'bidj,

ba'del

bedevil bi'devl |-ed -d j-ing -'devbg, -vjig

bedew

-fat

IfuU ful |tooth tu6 Ifurther 'fySa^;

Beddoes 'bedoz |-'s -iz

Bede bid. Latinized Baeda 'bida
bedeck bi'dek |-ed -t

bedesman 'bidzman j-men -man

-jklaea(r, -^klark

'bofa^t,

|-d

bedding 'bedig

-x -z i-ed -d

bo'ker,

bi'daebl

bedcover 'bed^kAva^;

'biti, 'beti

Beauchamp Eng name

Beaufort

bi'kem

bedclothes 'bed^kloz, -jkloSz

-iz

-'kaea(r;(Frbo'k8:r)

-jklea(r,

|became

Becquerel bek'rsl ('Becqueirel 'rays)

beatific ,bia'tifik |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikb

Beaucaire

-knig

|-ed -id

bed bed |bedded 'bedid

beat bit

beau bo

j-land -jlaend

|-ed -t

beckon 'bekan

baead
'bera', 'baera^;

-'tXa:m, E4--'tJa:m;

-d

beck bek

|-ed -id

Beard bird, berd, baerd; ES biad, bead.

bearer

becharm bi't/arm; ES

Bechuana jbetju'ana, jbekju-

S+bead;

|-s

-IZ |-d -t

E+baa(r; borne born.

boa(r,

|-ed -d

ES

'fsSa [custom

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi3an

bi'dju, -'diu, -'du |-ed -d

'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

(Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

bedfellow
bedfellow 'bEdjfelo, -a

ES

Bedford 'bedfa^d;

ES

-S^;

'bedfad; [-shire -Jir,

beeswax 'biz,weks |-es -iz

beeswing 'biz, wig |-ed -d

Beethoven 'betovan, 'bet-hovan; Lond square

bedim bi'dim |-med -d

Bedivere 'beda^vir;

ES

'bit'hovan {Ger 'be:t'ho:van)

beetle 'bitl |-d -d |-ling 'bitlig, 'bitjig

-jVi3(r

bedizen bi'dizn, -'daizn |-ed -d |-ing -znig,

bi'daizn

is chiefly Brit.

bedlam, B- 'bedlam

beetle-browed

beetlehead 'bit),hed |-ed 'bitl'hedid

[-ite -jHit

beetroot

bedmate 'bed^met
Bedouin 'beduin
bedpan 'bed^paen

beeves bivz

'bit,rut, -;rut

befall bi'fal

|-fell -'fel |-fallen -'falan,

befog bi'fag,

bedraggle bi'draeg}

-d j-ling -Mraeglig,

\-d

-'fag, -'fog |-ged

ba-,

bi'for,

-'faa(r;

befoul bi'faul |-ed -d

bedroll 'bedjiol

befriend bi'frend |-ed -id

befuddle bi'f Adl

-'dDt;

btdz

'bdjSor,

ES

-/sar;

-;Soa(r,

E+

-d j-ling -'fAdbg, -dlig

1-d

beg beg [begged begd

beget

bi'get

j-got

arch,

-'gat,

-gat

beggar

bedspread 'bedjSprEd
bedstaff 'bediStaef; E+-,staf, -jStaf; |-staves

ES

'baga^;

-gang, -grig

bedspring 'bed, sprig

'bega(r;

-d

|-ed

begin bi'gin 1-gan -'gaen |-gun -'gAn 1-ning

begird bi'gyd

bedstead 'bed^sted, -stid

\past

-'gyt

-girt

-'gydid \pptc -girt -'gyt;

bedstraw 'bed^stra

or

begohm 'beg,om

bedward 'bedwa^d; ES 'bedwad

begone bi'gan, -'gon,

miicli less frcq.

bee bi

begonia, B- bi'gonja,

-ma

'bjtj |-es -iz |-en

71

beef

V bif

begot bi'gat; ES+-'gDt;

-an

begrime bi'graim

'bitjnat, -,nAt

bif

|-'s
|

-s

begrudge bi'grAds

beeves bivz or beefs bifs

]

begum
begum

beehive 'bi^haiv

begun bi'gAn

beeline 'bi'lain ('bee,line 'flight)

behalf bi'haf ;

Beelzebub bi'elzijbAb

behave bi'hev

|-d

'bif,it3^;

been bin, ben

ES

bin

-iita(r

occurs chiefly as a Briti-

cism, esp. in Canada,

ben

is

most apt

to

Beersheba bir'Jiba, 'birjiba;

Key;

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

ES

-iz |-d

-d

bi'gAm |-med -d
-'haf, -'haf, -'haf

-d

behavior bi'hevja^;

ES

-'hevja(r; 1-ism -,izam

behavioristic bi,hevja'ristik j-alh-

-li, -ikli

|-ed -id

beheld bi'held
bia-, 'bia-

bee bi |pity

baO (10) jah a

-n

-d

n 'bigam
V

behead bi'hed

when unstressed.
B- bir; ES bia(r, S+bea(r

occur
beer,

|-s

j-ten

-'gan

beguile bi'gail |-d -d

beefs bifs beefed bift

beefsteak 'bif,stek

beefeater

|-d

-girded

ES -3-, -y-

bedtime 'bed^taim

beef

|-ing

|-ly -li |-y -i

-10

-jStevz

beechnut

-'gaet

|-gotten -'gatn or -got -'gat; |ES +-'gDt(n)

-jS3a(r

beech

E+

begat bi'gaet

bedside 'bed^said

bedsore

-'foa(r,

begad bi'gaed
began bi'gaen

E+-'d3a(r

short for Bedfordshire

ES

-'far;

|-hand -jhaend |-time -,taim

bedrock 'bed'rak, -jtak; ES+-Dk

bedroom 'bedjrum, -jum, -ram

bedroom door 'bedjrum'dor, 'bedram-,

-d

befool bi'ful |-ed -d

before

-gjiO

bedrid 'bed^rid [bedridden 'bEd^ridn

-'doa(r,

-In

befit bi'fit l-ted -id

bedplate 'bed^plet

ES

('beetle-jbrowed

'bitl'braud

'face)

Bedloe 'bedlo

Beds

|-ed -t

beet bit

-Ji3(r, -X3(r

bedight bi^dait

-znig

behemoth

42

|far

'piti

behemoth bi'himaG, 'biamaO

(6) |rate ret lyet jet |sang saeg |angp.' 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wot/ (12) |jaw dsa

|gorge gards |go go

behest

bename

43

behest bi'hest

Bellamy 'belami

behind bi'haind |-hand bi'haind,haend

bellboy 'bel,b3i

behold

bi'hold

-'held

|-held

pplc

\arch.

-holden -'holdan

behoof bi'huf

|-s

behoove bi'huv

belle,

B- bel
bel'fauntn, -an-, -on-, -tin

Bellefontaine

Bellerophon ba'lerafan, -^fan,

-s

Bellerus ba'liras, -'liras

-d

|-d

behove bi'hov |-d -d

Behring 'birig, 'berii), 'berig

belles-lettres bel'letra,

beige bes

belletrist bel'letrist

being 'biig

belUcose 'bebjkos

ES

-t^;

|-ic

bellicosity jbeb'kasati;

belligerence ba'lidsarans |-cy

bel bel

BelHngham

Bellini be'lini (It bel'lirni)

Bela, Belah 'bib

bellmouthed 'belimau'Sd,
-'leb3(r;

|-ed

-d 1-ing

bellows 'beloz, -az, -as \double pi bellowses

'bebsiz

|-ed -id

belay bi'le |-ed -d

B- beltj"

Bellows Falls 'beloz'blz, 'bebzbellwether 'beljweSa^;

j-es -iz |-ed -t

beldam 'beldam |-dame -dam, -dem

beleaguer

bi'liga^;

ES

-'lig3(r;

US

1-ing

E+-ast, -ast
'beldsian,

Belmont 'belmant, -mnnt

belong ba'bg, -'log; S+-'Iag; [ed -d

beloved adj bi'bvid, -'kvd

-dsan

-ds idm,

j-gium

-d33m

below ba'lo
Belshazzar bel'/aeza';

ES

Belgic 'beldjik

belt belt [belted 'beltid

Belgrade bel'gred, 'belgred

Beluchistan

Belgravia bel'grevia

-'Xaez3(r

bajutji'staen,

jstaen, -jstan,

ES

belvedere, B- jbelva'dir;

beUe

belying ptc of belie bi'laiig

-d

believe ba'liv, bl'Iv, bi'liv |-d -d

belike bi'Iaik

Belinda ba'linda

bemire bi'mair;
|-'s

bell,

bemuse bi'mjuz, -'miuz

'belnaep, bel'nsep

ba'ler,

be-,

-'laer;

-'le3(r,

-iz

j-d

-d |-dly

ful [tooth tu8 [further 'fytSa';

ES

Ben ben
bename bi'nem

|-d

-d \pptc -d -d or -nempt

-'nempt or -nempted -'nemptid

-'lie3(r

Ifull

j-s

-idh

|belled held

belladonna ^bela'dana; ES+-'dDn3

Bellaire

-'mai3(r; |-d -d

-dbg

be'liz

B- bel

ES

bemock bi'mak, -'mok, -'mak |-ed -t

bemuddle bi'mAdl |-d -d |-ling -'mAdlig,

-'litlig, -tlig

belive bi'laiv

Belknap

-'di3(r

Bemis 'bimis j-'s -iz

bemoan bi'mon |-ed -d

-iz

Behsha beacon ba'li/a'bikan

behttle bi'htl |-d -d j-hng

ba'lutji-

bemaul bi'mal |-ed -d

bemazed bi'mezd
bemean bi'min 1-ed -d

belief ba'lif.bl'if.bi'lif

BeHsarius jbeb'serias, -'ser-

-'stan,

-uki-

Belial 'bilial, -Ijal

Behze

-iz

belove bi'bv |-d -d

bi'lai |-d

|-'s

-jwe?f3(r

Beloit ba'bit

'belfaest, Irel 'belfast, bel'faest;

belfry 'belfri -fried -fnd

Belgian

ES

belly 'bell |bellied 'belid

|-ed -d

-'ligarig, -'ligrig

Belfast

-Ot

Bellocbe'lak;ES+-'lDk
bellow 'belo, 'beb |-ed -d |-ing 'bebwig

-'iaer-, -'ler- j-'s -iz

belate bi'let \-d -id

belch,

-ant

'belindsam

Bellona ba'lona, be-

-'lebarig, -'lebrig

belaud bi'bd

-i |-ent

US 'bebgjhaem, Engd

Bel god bel, ahbr. name bel

Belarius ba'lerias,

-ta(r;

ES+-'kDS-

Beirut 'berut, be'rut

ES

-tra,

^belle'tristik

bejewel bi'dsual, -'dsmal |-ed -d

belabor bi'leba';

-,tr>n

-iz

{Fr bel'letr)

-iz {Fr b:3)

|-s

|-'s

ES

'fsSa [custom

'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy tai

'em 'kipm

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

Benares

Berkley

44

Benares ba'nanz

Ben Avon Pa

|-'s

Bentham 'bEnGam, 'bsntam

-iz

ben'aevan, Scotl -'evan, ben'an

benumb bi'nAm

benedict, B- 'bena^dikt

Benvolio ben'vokjO,

benedictine liquor jbena'diktin

Ben

monk

jbena'diktin, -tin

Benton 'bentan
|-ed -d |-edness

Ben Venue jbenva'nu,

-'niu, -'nju

-Ijo

ES

Vorlich, Voir- benVarlik;

-'vaa-; {Sc

benzene, -zine 'benzin, ben'zin

benzoate ben'zo-it, -et

ES

jbena'faekta^;

'benajfaekta^,

benzoic ben'zo-ik

benzoin 'benzo-in, ben'zo-

-t3(r

benefactress 'bEna^faektris, jbena'faektris

1-es

benzol 'benzol, -zal, -zdI ]-zole -zol

Beowulf 'bea,wulf

-IZ

bepaint bi'pent |-ed -id

benefic ba'nefik

benefice 'benafis

bequeath bi'kwitS

]-s -iz, -jfisiz |-d -t

|-ed -d [-al -al

beneficence ba'nefasns |-cent -snt

bequest bi'kwest

beneficial jbena'fi/al |-ly -i

berate bi'ret -rated -'retid

beneficiary jbena'fijari, -'fi/ijEri

Berber 'byba^;

benefit 'benafit |-ted -id, -^fitid

Berbera 'bybara;

Benes 'bEneJ
Benet 'benit

berceuse Fr br's0:z

|-'s

-iz

Berea ba'ria

benevolence ba'nevabns, -vlans

|-s

-iz

-lent

ES

|-n

bereave ba'riv

Benet bE'ne

'bsbafr, 'byba(r

ES

'bs-, 'by-

-n

|-d

-d or -reft -'reft

Berengaria jberio'geria, -'gerBerenice jbera'naisi

-lant

Benewah 'benajwa, -^wd

Beresford 'berizfa^d, -ris-;

Bengal ben 'gal, beg- ('Ben^gal

Bengalese jbengs'liz, ibeo-

berg byg;

Bergen

ES

NJ

Bergerac

Benicia bg'ni/a

benighted bi'naitid

NY

'bydsa^raek;

Bergson

benign bi'nain
[-gnity

Nono,

'bs-, 'by-, 'bea-

'by-;

'ba-,

{Fr

'bygsn,

'berg-;

berhyme, -rime bi'raim

-nati

ES

'bsg-,

'byg-.

'beag-; {Fr berg'san, berk-) |-ism -jizam

benison 'bsnazn, -sn

beribboned bi'nband

Benjamin 'bendsaman
Ben Lomond ben'Iomand

beriberi 'beri'beri

\-d

-d

Bering 'bing, 'ber- 'ber-

-'mar;

ES

-'moa(r

E+

beringed bi'rigd

Berkeley

-'m33(r

US

'bykb, Engd 'barkh;

ES

'bsk-,

'byk-,'ba:k-,E+'ba:k-

Bennett 'bsnit

Ben Nevis ben'nevis,

-'nivis

|-'s

Berkhamsted, -mpstead 'bykam,sted, loc.+

'bark-; ES 'bsk-, 'byk-, ^ha:k-;The

-iz

Bennington 'benigtan

Brit pron. is 'bskamstid,

Benoni bs'nonai, beBenson 'bensn

corresponding

Berkley 'bykb;

bent bent
full 3~t7.

'bydsin,

ES
ES

berga'rak)

benignancy bi'nignansi |-nant -nant

Key: See in

-fad

byg

bsg,

'bygan,

Neth 'bygan, 'bergan;

Bengasi, -ghazi ben'gazi, beij-

Ben More ben'mor,

ES

beret ba're, 'bent {Fr be 're)

'tiger)

Bengali ben'gah, beij-

|bath baeO;

-'nAmdnis,

-idnis

benzaldehyde ben'zaeldajhaid

|-es -iz

benefaction /bena'faekj'an

benefactor

-'varhx)

benediction ibEna'dikJan

Benedictus jbeni'diktas

is

benthos 'benOas; ES+-6ds

bench bent/ |-es -iz |-ed -t

bend bend |bent bent, arch, bended 'bendid
beneath bi'niO, -'ni(5
benedicite, B- jbena'disati, Chaiic. jbendis'te
Benedick 'bena^dik

Benedictine

'beneam

sp. pron.

bee bi |pity

ba6 (10) ]ah a

|far

'piti

Am
ES

Zoc.

'ba:k- ; the

'bskh, 'byk-

angry 'aeg-gri
wot/ (12) |jaw d3a |gorge gards |go go

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg

far |watch watj,

-t-

is as given above.

Berks

45

Berks in Engd short for Berkshire 'barks;

ES

'ba:ks;

US

Berkshire
-JV;

Pa byks; ES

ES

'byk/ir,

ba^'lin,

beseech bi'sitj

|-es -iz

Engd

beseem bi'sim

|-ed -d

-Ja*,

'bark/ir,

ES

'byhn;

US

'bylin;

by'lm, ba^'hn;

ES 'bslin, 'by-; Germany

ES bs'hn, by-, ba-; (Ger

ES

-e

beside bi'said

-'/riu, arch, bi'/ro |-ed-d

-z

|-s

besiege bi'sids

|-s

-iz |-d -d

besmear bi'smir; ES -'smia(r, S+-'smea(r;

'b3lijOz; {Fr ber'ijb'rz,

l-ed

-d

ES

besmirch bi'smytj;

-'Ijoiz)

berm,

beset bi'set

beshrew bi'/ru,

ber'litn) ('BerjHn 'wool)

BerHoz 'berkjoz;

bym; ES bsm, bym

Bermuda

|-sought -'sat

beseen bi'sin

bs'lin, by-,

ba-, 'bshn, 'bs'-

BerHn

besant 'btznt, ba'zaent

bsks, byks

'bsk/iacr, 'byk/i3(r, 'ba:k-, -/3(r

berUn by'hn,

beta

ba^'mjuda, -'miuda;

-'smstj, -'smyt/;

|-es

-IZ |-ed -t

ES

ba-; |-dian

-dian

besom 'bizam

|-ed -d

besot bi'sat; ES+-'sDt; [-ted -id

US byn, Sivtz byn, bern; ES bsn,

byn, bean; {Fr, Ger bern)
Bernard 'byna-d, 'bynard, ba^'nard; ES
Bern, -e

besought bi'sat

bespake bi'spek
bespangle

bi'spaeggl

-d

|-ed

|-ling

-glig,

'bsnad, 'bynad, -na:d, ba'na:d, E+-a:d;

{Fr ber'narr)

Berners 'byna^z;

ES

ba'na:do, E+-'na:-

ES

'bsnhart, 'bynha:t;

bi'spik

Bemice 'bynis,

ES

ba^'nis;

'bsnis,

'by-,

bespouse bi'spauz

-iz |-d -d

|-s

ES ba'nifES 'ba:n-; = barnacle

bi'sprigkl

-d

j-d

Bess bes [Bess's 'besiz

j-ie -i

Bessarabia jbesa'rebia

|-n

berretta ba'reta

Bessemer 'besama^;

berrigan 'btrigan

best best |bested 'bestid

ES

'bassk, 'bysyk;

|-er -a^;

bsO, byO; |-ths -Gs

Bertha, b- 'byOa;

ES

Bertillon

'bytl/On,

system.

'bsGa, 'byOa
'bat-,

ES

{Fr

'bst-, 'byt-

ES

-'st3(r, -'sty; |-red

-d

best-known 'best'non

'bywik;

bestow bi'sto

|-ed

-d

bestraddle bi'straedl

ES

'bswik, 'by-; Scoil

|-al -al

\-d

bestrew bi'stru, -'striu

-d |-ling -dhg, -dlig

|-ed

-d

|-ed

-d or

-n -n

'berik

Berwickshire 'berikjjir, -JV;

ES

-iXia(r, -J'a(r

Berwyn 'by win; ES 'bawin, 'by-

Besant, Annie 'beznt. Sir

bestride bi'straid [-strode -'strod [-stridden

-'stridn

bestrow bi'stro

-il

[-ed -d |-ed -d or

n -n

bet bet \past 6" pptc bet bet or betted 'betid

beryllium ba'riliam

[full

-'stedid

best-liked 'best'laikt ('best-Jiked 'play)

ES

beruffled bi'rAfld

beryl 'beral,

-steaded

\past

bestiality jbestji'aelati, /besti-

bestir bi'sty;

'byt-;

'bat-,

btr'tra)

US

bi'sted

bestiary 'besti^eri

bertrandite 'bytrand^ait;

Berwick

bestial 'best/al, -tial |-ly -i

ES

-jDh;

'byt-; {Fr berti'jo)

'bytrand;

-n

'btsamaCr

\pptc -stead -'sted

Bertram 'by tram; ES 'bstram, 'bytBertrand

ES

bestead, -sted adj bi'sted

bestead

-a(r

ES

-klig,

best-dressed 'best'drest ('best-jdressed 'man)

berry 'ben berried 'bend

berserk 'bysyk;

|-ling

-kjig

Berowne bi'run

bernicle 'barnikl;

ES

j-spoken

-'spok

besprent bi'sprnt
besprinkle

-iz

Bernicia ba^'nijia;

berth by6;

-d

-'spaeta(r; |-ed

|-spoke

bespread bi'sprEd

{Fr br'na:r)

|-'s

bespeak

-'spokan

'bsnaz, 'bynaz

Bernhardt 'bynhart;

ba'nis;

ES

bespatter bi'spaeta^;

ES

Bernardo ba^'nardo;

Walter ba'zaent

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

ES

'fstSa

beta

Gk

letter 'beta, 'bita

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

bichromate

46

Beta

bewilder bi'wilda^;

Beta, b- 'beef 'bita

betaine

ES

-Vilda(r; |-ed -d |-ing

-'wildrig, -'wildarig

'bitijin

betake bi'tek |-took -Huk ]-taken -'tekan

bewitch bi'witj

betel 'bitl

Bethany 'beeani
bethel, B- 'beOal

bewray biVe |-ed -d

Bexar Tex, loc. baer, baea(r {Sp 'bExar)
bey be
beyond bi'jand, bi'and, -'jnnd, -'nnd
Beyrouth 'berut, be'rut
Beza 'biza

Betelgeuse, -geux ^bitl^dsuz, 'betljdssz

bete

ES

'bet'nwar;

noire

-iz

|-'s

-'nwa:(r;

{Fr

b:t'nwa:r)

|-es -iz |-ed -t

Bethesda ba'Oezda

bezant, bezz- 'bEznt, ba'zasnt

bethink bi'Oigk [-thought -'ODt

bezel,

Bethlehem 'bEGham, 'bEeh^hEm

bezique ba'zik

Bethnal 'bEOnal

bezonian ba'zonian

'bEzl |-ed -d

-il

bhang baeg

bethought bi'Oat

Bethphage 'beGfadsi,

Bianca bi'aegka

-jdsl

Bethsaida bEO'seada

Bethune surnames,

US places ba'Ojun,

-'Oiun,

-'Oun, 'bitn

'bjagka)

-'Oiun, -'6un {Fr be'tyn)

1\^

-i

Biarritz 'bia,rits {Fr bjaVits)

bias 'baias

Bethune ba'Bjun,

{It

biannual bai'aenjual

|-es -iz |-ed -t

bib bib jbibbed bibd

ES

betide bi'taid |-d -id or arch, -tid -'tid

bibber 'biba^;

betimes bi'taimz

bibcock 'bibjkak; ES+'^kok

betoken

bi'tokan

-d

j-ed

-'tokanig,

|-ing

-knig

'biba(r

bibelot 'biblo {Fr bi'blo)

Bible 'baibl

betook bi'tuk

BibHcal 'bibhkl

betray bi'tre |-ed -d

betroth bi'traG, -'trnG,

|-ly -i, -ikli

Biblicism 'bibh/Sizam

|-al -al

|-ed

-'trotJ

-Ot,

-tJd

l-al -al

l-phy

Betsy 'bEtsi

|-cist -sist

bibliographer jbibh'agrafa^, -'og-;

bibliographic jbiblia'graefik

better 'beta^;

bettor 'bEta';

ES
ES

Bettws-y-Coed

'bEta(r; j-ed -d

ES

-fa(r;

-fi

-1

|-al

|-ally -li,

-ikb

'bEta(r

jbibh'alata^;

bibliolater

ES

-'alatacr,

-'dI-;

-try -tri

'bfitazi'ko-id, -siI

Betty

bibhomania jbibba^menia, -nja

'bEti

|-iac -i^aek

between ba'twin

bibliophil 'bibha^fil |-phile -^fail

betwixt ba'twikst

bibulosity jbibja'lasati; ES+-'1ds-

Beulah

bibulous 'bibjalas

'bjula, ^biula

Bevan 'bEvan

bicameral bai'kiemaral

bevel 'bEvl |-ed -d |-ing 'bEvlig, 'bEvlig

bicarbonate bai'karbanit, -inet;

Beven 'bEvan
beverage 'bEvrids, 'bEvarids

|-s

Beveridge 'bEvrids, 'bEvarids

Beverley, -ly 'bEva^h;

Bevier bi'vir;
Bevis

bevy

-'ka:b-,

ES

ES

bicaudal bai'kadl |-date -det

-iz

j-'s

bice bais

-iz

'bEvah

bicentenary

bai'sEnta^nEri,

bicentennial jbaiSEn'tEiual

'blvis, 'bEvis |-'s- iz

biceps 'baiSEps

bewail bi'wel |-ed -d

beware bi'wEr, -Vaer;

jbaisen'tenari;

Brit -'tin-, -Heh-

-'via(r

'bEvi

Bicester 'bista^;

E -VEa(r, ES

-'waea(r;

l-d-d

j-ly -i

]-es -iz

ES

'bista(r; (Bister 1634)

bichlorid bai'klorid, -'klar-; S -'klor-; |-ide

-aid, -id

beweep bi'wip |-wept -Vept

Bewick 'bjuik, 'biuik

Key: See

ES

E-i-'ka:b-

in full 3~t7.

|bath ba;G;

bichromate n bai'kromit, -met

bichromate

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

bai'kromet

l-d -id

(6) |rate ret |yet JEt |sang saeg [angr}- 'aeg-gn

far |watch watj,

wntj

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge g3rd3 |go go

binaural

47

bicker
bicker 'bika^;

ES

'bik3(r;l-ed -d |-ing 'bikarig,

B-

bigot,

'bigat |-ed -id |-ry -ri

bigwig 'bigjwig |-ged -d 1-gery -an,

'bikrig

ES

Bickerstaff 'bika^^staef;

'bika-, E+-jStaf,

-ri

bijou 'bisu, bi'su

bike baik

-jstaf

bilabial bai'lebial

Bicknell 'biknal

ES

bicolor ^baijkAla';

bilabiate bai'lebi^et, -but

-jkAl3(r; |-ed -d

biconcave bai'kankev, -'kag-, jbaikan'kev;

ES+-D-

Bilaspur bi'laespur, -'las-;

ES

-pua(r

bilateral bai'lsetaral |-ly -i

ES+

jbaikanVeks;

biconvex bai'kanveks,

Bilbao bil'bao
bilberry 'bil^beri,

-on-

ES+-krDn

bicron 'baikran, 'bik-;

-ban

bilbo 'bilbo

bicuspid bai'kAspid |-ate -,et

Bildad 'bildd

bicycle 'bai^sikl, 'baisikl |-d -d 1-ling -klig.

bile bail

-khg

bilge bilds

bihary

bicyclic 'of bicycles' bai'sikhk, 'baisik-

-d

|-s -iz |-d

'bili,ri

ES

bicyclic Hwo-cycled' bai'saikhk, -'sik-

bihnear bai'lima^;

bicyclist

bilingual bai'liggwal |-ism -^izam 1-ly

rider' 'bai^siklist, -siklist

'b.

bid 'ask' bid \past bade, bad baed or bid bid

\ppic

bid

bidden 'bidn or bid bid

'offer'

biU bil IbiUed bild |-able -abl

ES

ES

billboard 'biljbord, -^bard;

'bidafad

biddy 'bidi

-iboad,

E+

-'duz

{Fr

-jbaad

bide baid \past bode bod or bided 'baidid

bided 'baidid

Billerica

Mass 'bibrika
Engd jbila'riki

Billericay

Bideford Engd 'bidafa^d;

ES

'bidafad

billet 'bilit i-ed -id

bidentate bai'dentet

billet-doux

Biela 'bib

'bili'du

-doux

\pl

bije'du)
-i

biUfold 'billfold

S+bE3(r

billhead 'bil^hed

biennial bai'Enial |-ly

bier bir;

-jizam

bilk bilk Ibilked bilkt

biddable ibidabl |-bly -bh

\pptc

ES

bi3(r,

ES

biff bif Ibiffed bift

billiard 'bilja^d;

bifid 'baifid

billingsgate,

biflex 'baifleks

billion 'biljan |-aire ibiljan'sr, -'aer;

ES

bifocal adj bai'fokl ('bijfocal 'lenses)

bifocal

'baifokl, bai'fokl

j-s

B-

'biljad;

ES

'baifa-.

-'fskit, -'fykit

bifurcate v 'baifa^^ket, bai'fyket;

ES

'baifa-.

billsticker 'bil^stika^;

ES
ES

ES

-jposta(r
-jstika(r

bilobate bai'lobet |-d -id

jbaifa-

bimanual bai'mtenjual

bigamist 'bigamist |-mous -mas [-my -mi

bimensal bai'mEnsl

Bigelow 'biga jo, 'biglo

bimester bai'mesta^;

bighead 'big^htd

bimetallic jbaima'taebk

|-ed 'big'hedid

ES

ES

-'msta(r

bimetallism bai'mtljizam

-jhaan

'big'harn;

ES

1-ly -i

-'haan;

(The

'Big 'Horn, 'Big ^Horn 'River)

binary 'bainari |-nate -net

Biglow 'biglo

binaural bin'aral

ful |tooth tu9 [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fstJa

|-ist -ist

bimonthly bai'mAnOli
bin bin |binned bind

bight bait |bighted 'baitid

[full

-'a(r.

'bilawi

big big

riv.

bUly, B- 'bih

-'fsket, -'fyket; |-d -id

bighorn 'big^harn;

-z

-'aea(r; |-th -6 |-ths -Gs

billposter 'bil^posta^;

bifurcation jbaifa^'ke/an;

|-s

'biligz^get, -git

billow 'bilo, 'bila [-ed -d |-ing 'bilawig |-y

-z

bifurcate adj 'baifa^^ket, bai'fykit;

Big Horn

-i

biHous 'biljas
biliteral bai'htaral |-ism

bid \past b- pptc bid bid

Biddefordlfe 'bidafa^d;

-'lini-aCr

[custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau |toy

lusing 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan jEden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

bind

48

bind baind |bound baund \arch pptc bounden

'baundan
binder

birdbath

ES

'byd^baee;

'byd-

'bsd-,

'bamda^;

ES

'baind3(r;

-dan,

|-y

birdhouse 'byd,haus;

bam

ES

'bsd-, 'byd- ; l-ses

ES 'bsd-, 'bydES 'bsd-, 'bs'd'bs^dz^ai; ES 'bsdz-, 'bydz-

birdlime 'byd^laim;
birdseed 'byd^sid;

Bingen 'bigan
Bingham 'bigsm

bird's-eye

biretta ba'reta

|-ton -ton

bingo 'biogo

loc.

binnacle, binocle 'binakj

birl

binocular bai'nakjala^, bi-;

ES

-'nakjabir.

-'nnk-

binomial bai'nomial

|-ly -i

Binyon 'binjan
biochemic jbaio'kEmik

byl;

ES

bsl, byl; |-ed -d

ES

biogenesis jbaio'dsenasis

birthmark 'byO^mark;
|-ally

-I

-ji,

bsO, byO; |-ths -Os 1-day -^de

biographic

jbaia'graefik

birthright 'byO^rait;

ES

'bsOimark, 'bye-

ES 'bsG-, 'byO-;
ES 'bsO-, 'byO-

-li.

-ikh

Biscay 'biski, -ke

biscuit 'biskit

biography bai'agrafi,

bisect

bi-, -'og-

ES+-'lDd3-;

jbaia'ladsik;

biologic

|-al

-j

n 'baisskt

bisect V bai'sekt |-ed -id

bishop, B- 'bijap

|-ally -k, -ikli

biology bai'al3d3i; ES+-'d1-;

|-gist

biometric jbaia'metrik

|-ally -h, -ikli

|-al -1

-dsist

|-ric

ction -kjan

-rik

Bismarck 'bizmark; ES -mark,

E-i-- mark;

{Ger 'bis-)

biometry bai'amatri; ES+-'Din-

bismuth 'bizmaO

Bion 'baian

bismuthic biz'mjuGik, -'miu-, -'mA6ik

Biondello jbian'dElo

bison baisn, -zn

biotic bai'atik;

ES+-'Dt-;

|-al -al

Bispham 'bispam

biophysics jbaio'fiziks j-cal-kj

bisque bisk

|-al.-I

ES

biotite 'bai3jtait

bister, -tre 'bista^;

biparous 'biparas

bisulphate bai'sAlfet

bipartisan bai'partazn;
l-ship

|-S -IZ

bis bis

-f3(r

|-ally

-1

|-al

ES

jmark, E4--iniark
birthplace 'byO^ples;

-ikh

biogeography jbaiodgi'agrafi, -'ogbiographer bai'agrafa', bi-, -'og-;

byk-;

Birmingham US 'bymiOihaem, -gam. Engd

'bymigam; ES 'bsm-, 'bymBiron 'bairan, in Shak. bi'run spelt Berowne
birr by; ES b3(r, by; |-ed -d
birth bye;

|-al

'

Birrell 'biral

|-al -1 |-ally -ji, -ikli

jbaiodsa'netik

'bsk-,

(Birken'head

biochemistry jbaio'kgmistn

biogenetic

ES

Birkenhead 'bykan^hed;

Bingley 'bigh

ES

-'part-,

E+-'pa:t-;

'bista(r

bisulphid bai'sAlfid j-ide -aid, -id

bisulphite bai'sAlfait

Jip

bipartite bai'partait;

ES

biped 'baiped

'bipadi

|-al -I,

-'pait-,

E+ -'part-

bisymmetric jbaisi'metrik

bisymmetry bai'simitri

bipinnate bai'pinet

bit bit Ibitted 'bitid

biplane 'bai,plen
bipolar bai'pola^;

bitch

ES

bstj, bytj; |-es -iz |ed

bitj" Ibitches 'bitjiz |-ed -t

bitten 'bitn
bitter 'bita-,

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

ES 'bita(r; |-s
ES 'bitan

-z

bittern 'bita^n;

|-ed -id |-ie -i

See in full 3^7.

|bath bae9;

-li.

bitt bit Ibitted 'bitid

-t |-en

-an

byd; ES bsd, byd;

1-ally

bitstock 'bitjStak, -jStnk

biquadratic jbaikwad'raetik, -kwnd-

ES

-1

bite bait |bit bit |bitten 'bitn

-'pola(r

bipolarity ^baipo'laerati

birch bytj;

|-al

-ikh

bipetalous bai'petjas

Key:

E+

-ziz

Binet bi'ne, bi- (Fr bi'nE)

bird

-jbae, -jbaO; |-ths -3z

-dri

bine

bittern

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr>' 'g'gri

far |watch watj,

wot/ (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards

|go

go

bittern ut

49

ES 'bitaES 'bita-'swit; ES 'bita-

Blackmore 'blaekmor, -mor; ES

bitternut 'bita^nat, -^nAt;

bitterroot 'bita^^rut, -^rut;

bittersweet 'bita^^swlt,

blacksmith 'blaeksmiG

-i

|-nt

|-ths -8s |-ing

-jsmiGig

Blackstone 'blaekjston, -stan

black-throated 'blaek'erotid ('black-jthroated
'warbler)

Blackwells 'blaek^welz, -walz

-nt

bivalve 'baiiVaelv

|-d

bladder

-d

bivouac 'bivu^aek, 'bivwaek j-ked

biyearly bai'jirb;
bizarre bi'zar;

ES

'blaeda^;

|-ed -d

'blaeda(r;

blade bled |bladed 'bledid

ES

ES

blah bla

S+-'J3h

-'jiab,

blain blen [blained blend

E+-'za:(r

-'za:(r,

Blaine blen

Bizet bi'ze {Fr bi'ze)

ES

Bjornson 'bjynsn;

{Norw

'bjsn-, 'bjyn-;

Blake blek

blamable 'blemabl

'bJ0:rns3n)

blab blb Iblabbed blabd

blame blem

black blaek blacked blaekt

blameful 'blemfal

blackamoor 'blaeka^mur; ES -^muaCr

blameless 'blemlis

,|

black-and-blue

'blaekan'blu,

'blaekg'blu.

-'bku

|-bly -bli

|-ed -d |able -abl ]-bly -bli

|-ly -i

blameworthy 'blem^ws^Si; ES -jW3?5i, -jWySi

Mont mant'blaegk, mont- {Fr mo'bla)

Blanc,

blackball 'bl^k^bal |-ed -d

black-berried

blanch blaent/;

'bl^k'bsrid

('black-jberried

blackbird 'blaek.byd;

ES

|-ried

-d

ES

-jboad.

E+-jb33d
Blackburn 'blaekba-n;
blackcap 'blaek.kaep

ES

blantj";

E+blant/,

blaent/;

blandish 'blaendij

'blaekban

|-es -iz |-ed -t

blankbook 'blaegk^buk, -'buk

|-ed

-d

'bltekami).

|-ing

-kmo

blare bier, blaer;

E bk3(r, ES

blarney, B- 'blarni;

black-eyed 'blaek'aid ('black-^eyed 'Susan)

blasphemous

blackfish 'blk,fij

ES

blae9(r; |-d -d

'blarni,

E+'bla:ni

blase bla'ze, 'blaze {Fr bla'ze)

blaspheme blaes'fim

'blaek.fit

blackfellow 'blak^fElo, -.fela

|-d

-d

|-my

'blaesfimas

-mi,

older

blaes'fim-

blast blaest; E+blast, blast; |-ed -id

|-feet -.fit

Blackfriars 'blaek jfraia'Z, -'fraia^z;

ES

-jfrai-az.

ES

blastoderm 'blaesta^dym;

-jdam, -.dym

blastula 'blaestjub

-'frai'3z

blackguard

|-'s

blanket 'blaegkit |-ed -id

Blackfoot 'blaekjfut

blantj";

blank blaegk blanked blaegkt

blackdamp 'blaek,daemp

Blackfeet

-iz

blancmange bb'mans, -mands

Blanco 'blaegko
bland blaend

blackcock 'blaekjkak; ES+-ikDk

'blaekan

|-es

-iz

-.bad, -.bs-d

blackboard 'blaek.bord, -jb3rd;

E+blantJ,

l-ed -t

Blanch(e)

'elder)

blackberry 'bliEkjbri, -ban

'blaega^d,

'blaegard;

E+-ga:d; |-ed -id |-ry

blackhead 'blaek .bed
Blackheath 'blaek^hiO, -'hie
-ga:d,

blackjack 'blaekjdsaek |-ed

ES

'blaegad.

blat blaet |blatted 'blaetid

blatancy 'bletnsi blatant 'bletnt

-ri

blather

'blaetSa^;

ES

'blaetJaCr;

|-ed

-d |-ing

'blaetJrig, 'blaeSarig

blatherskite 'blaeSa^.skait;

-t

ES

'bbetSa-

Black Jack 'blaek'dsaek

blaze blez |blazes 'bleziz blazed blezd

blackleg 'blaek .leg

blazon 'blezn |-ed -d

blacklist 'blaekjist |-ed -id

blazonry 'bleznri

blackmail 'blaekjmel j-ed -d

bleach blitj Ibleaches

|full

j-ing

'blaedarig, -driij

-t

biweekly bai'wikh

blacken

E+

-ino3(r,

-in33(r

bitumen bi'tjuman, -'tiu-, -'tu-, 'bit/uman

bituminous bi'tjumanas, bai-, -'tiu-, -'tubivalence baiVebns, 'bivabns j-cy

bleach

ful |tooth tue [further

'fa^tJa^;

ES

'fstSa

|-ing 'bleznig, -znig

'blitjiz l-ed -t

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'visan [Eden

'idi^

[cradle 'kred} [keep

'em

toi

'kipip

blieachers 'bllt/a^z;

ES

Bloemfontein 'blumfan^ten, -fan-, -fon-

ES

blond, -e bland, blond

S+bk3(r; |-ed -d
blearedness 'blindms; S+'bkrbli3(r,

Blondel trouvere blan'del, blon-; Brit nanu

'bUndl

bleat blit bleated 'blitid

|

bkb

blood

|-bed -d

bleed blid |bled

bkd

blemish 'blemij

|-es -iz |-ed -t

bknd |blended
blende bknd

bknt

Blindheim

'bhnt-

ES jbkna-

ES

-jksd-, -^kyd-

|-ed -id

'blood- /ed 'wine)

bloodroot 'bUd^rut, -^rut

'bkm

bloodshed 'blAdjXd
bloodshot 'bUdj/at; ES+-jjDt
'bksiz

|blesses

blest

[blessed,

bkst

bloodstain 'bUd^sten j-ed -d

bloodsucker 'bUdjSAka';

blessed adj 'bksid

|-ly

-k |-ness -nis

bloodthirsty 'blAdjO^sti;

-jSAk3(r
-.Gssti, -,eysti

bkst

ES

bloomers 'bluma^z;

blether 'bktSa^;

ES
ES

bloom blum bloomed blumd

blessing 'bksig
blest

ES

bloodletting 'blAd^ktig

blood-red 'bUd'red

bknt
bks

-ib

-jbolta^d;

bloodguilty 'blAd^gilti

bloodhound 'bUdjhaund

'bknara (Ger

|-ily -Ii,

'blAdjbolta^d,

bloodcurdling 'blAd^kydbg

-t

'blendid or blent

Blennerhassett ^bkna^'haesit;

bless

[blooded 'bUdid

-tad; c/baltered

blench blentj |blenches 'bkntjiz |-ed

Blenheim
haim)

bUd

blood-boltered

blend

blent

|-ses

-ZIZ

bleak blik
blear blir;

blenny

ES+'blok-;

'blak^haus;

blockhouse

'blit/az

bleachery 'blitjan

bleb

blubber

50

bleachers

ES

|-age -ids

'blumaz

bloomery 'blumari

'bk<J3(r

blew blu, bhu

Bloomfield 'blum^fild

blight bkit Iblighted 'bkitid

blindfold 'blaind^fold, 'blain- |-ed -id

Bloomington 'blumigtsn
Bloomsbury 'blumz^bEri, -bari
blossom, B- 'blasam; ES+'blosam; j-ed -d
blot blat; ES+blot; |-ted -id
blotch blat/; ES+blotJ; j-es -iz 1-ed -t

blindman's buff 'blaind^maenz'bAf, 'blain-

blotter 'blata-;

blindness 'blaindnis, 'blainnis

blotto 'blato; ES+'bloto

blighty, B- ^blaiti

bhmp

blimp

blind blaind blinded ^blamdid

|

ES

'blat3(r, 'blot-

blindworm 'bkind^wym; ES -,w3m, -jwym

Blount blaunt, bUnt

blink bligk blinked bliijkt

blouse blaus, blauz

bliss

bhs

'bhsiz

|bhsses

|-ful

-fal

|-fully

-fab
blister

'bbsta-;

ES

'bhst3(r;

|-ed

-d

|-ing

blow

'blossom''

bio

-sam

blowgun 'blojgAn

bhtz bbts

blowhole 'blojhol

|-es -iz |-ed -t

ES 'bkzad

blowpipe 'blojpaip

ES+blok
Bloch blak; ES+blok

block blak; ES+blok; |-ed

blowtorch

blowup

blubber 'bUba^;

|-d -id

blockhead 'blak .bed; ES+'blokSee in full 3-47.

bee bi [pity

baG (10) [ah a

'blojtartj;

ES

-itaatj; |-es -iz

'blojAp

blowzed blauzd [blowzy 'blauzi

-t

blockade bla'ked; ES+blo-;

[bath baeO;

bhu [blown

blowout 'blo^aut

|-bed -d

bloc blak;

Key:

blu,

blowoff 'blopf, -jof

bloat blot Ibloated 'blotid

ES+bkb;

|blew

blown blon

Blitzkrieg 'bhtSjkrig (Ger -jkrirk)

blob blab;

-d

blowfly 'blo.flai

BUthedale 'bkiS^del

blizzard 'bhza^d;

-iz |-d -t,

blon

'bbstariij, 'bbstrii)

blithe blaiS |-some

|-s

blow of wind bio |blew blu, bbu |blown blon

or slang blowed bled

[far far

ES

'bUbrig, 'bUbarig
'piti

'bUbair;
[-y -bri,

|-ed -d

[-ing

-ban

(6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angrj^ 'aeg-gri

[watch watj, wotj (12) [jaw dsD [gorge gards [go go

blucher
blucher

bobsled

51

'blut/a^, 'bluka^;

Blucher

ES

sponding advs,

-3(r

ES

'bluka^;

'blutJV,

{Ger

-3(r;

bludgeon 'blAdjan

bhu

|-d

show

to

in -abl

Wlten

ES

S+

-^biad,

-bh

-bly

ES

-^bsd, -^byd

'bhu-

'blu'blaek,

bly

the

('blue-^black

'dye)

follows

exceptionally

case

is to be referred, not

head word, bid

vocab.):

tlte

pardon 'pardn

In such cases,
form in -bly -(a)bli includes any
variant prons. of the form in -able, as in this
example. The same statements apply to words
also, the

bluecoat 'blu^kot, 'bhu-

blue-eyed 'blu'aid, 'bhu- ('blue-^eyed 'boy)

in -ible -abl with added [-bly -bh.

-iz

bluegill 'blujgil, 'bhu-

Blyth

bluegrass 'blujgraes, 'bhu-; E+-jgras, -jgras

B'nai B'rith ba'ne-ba'rie, -'brie

blueing 'bluig, 'bhuig

boa 'boa

|-ish -i/

[Blythe blaiS

blaitJ, blai

bluejacket 'blu^dsaekit, 'bhu-

Boadicea jboadi'sia

blue-jay 'blu^dse, 'bhu-

Boanerges

blue-pencil 'blu'pensl, 'bhu- |-ed -d

[-ges'

jboa'nydsiz;

ES

-'ns-,

-'ny-;

-dsiz

ES

blueprint 'blueprint, 'bhu- |-ed -id

boar bor, bar;

Blue Ridge 'blu'rids, 'bhu- ('Blue ^Ridge

board bord, bard;

boa(r,

ES

E+b3a(r
bead, E-t-baad;

[-ed

-id

'Mts.)

blues bluz,

bhuz

boarder

blue-sky law 'blu'skaija, 'bhu-

'bar-;

'borda^,

ES

'boada(r,

E-i-

'bard-;

ES

'baa-

bluestocking 'blu^stakii), 'bhu-; ES+-jStDk-

boardinghouse

bluet 'bluit, 'bhuit

E+'baad-; [-ses -ziz

boardwalk 'bord^wak, 'bard-; ES 'bead-,

bluff

to

immediately pre-

pronounced -abh, thus

atid

pardon in

the

to

the

as usual

('pardna)bh, ('pardna)bh.

bluebonnet 'blu^banit, 'bhu-; ES+-jbDnit

bluebottle 'blu^batl, 'bhu-; ES+'^botl

|-'s

immediately

|-ed -d j-able ('par)dnabl, ('par)dnabl [-bly

blue-blooded 'blu'bUdid, 'bhu-

'bhu-

in -abh

'pardn |-ed -d j-able -abl

in this

ceding form,
(cf

'blujfij",

-bh),

ending -bh

blueberry 'blu^beri, 'bhu-, -ban

blue-black

(di'penda)-

|-bly

head word does not end in

[-able -abl, if the

-able (pardon

-jbead
bluebell 'blu.bel, 'bhu-

bluebird 'blu^byd, 'bhu-;

change from

tlie

nonsyllabic

to

bh).

|-ed -d

-d

Bluebeard 'bluebird, ^bhu-;

bluefish

(dependable di'pendabj

'blyxar)

blue blu,

syllabic

bkf

'bordig^haus,

'boad-,

bluffed bUft

E-i-

bluing 'bluig, 'bhuig

blunder

'bUnda-;

'baad-

|-ish -i/

ES

-d3(r;

-d

|-ed

|-ing

'blAndrig, 'blAndarig

blunderbuss 'bUnda^jbAs;

'bar-;

ES

'boa-,

E+

'baa-

ES 'bUnda-;

|-es

Boas, Franz ^hoas, Frederick S. 'boaez

[-'s

-iz

boast host [boasted 'bostid

-IZ

blunge

bUndj

[blunges 'bUndsiz

bknt

blunt, B-

]-d

boat bot [boated 'botid; \NEngd+h'6t {46)

-d

[blunted 'bUntid

boatful 'botjful

ES bl3(r, bly; |-red -d

blurb bls-b; ES bbb, blyb; |-ed -d
blurry 'biyi; ES 'blsri, 'blyi
blurt bls^t; ES bbt, blyt; |-ed -id
blush

bUJ [blushes

bluster 'blAsta^;

'bU/iz [blushed bU/t

ES

'bUstafr; [-ed -d |-ing

'blAstarig, 'blustng j-y -tan, -tri

-bly -bh, ending of advs corresponding to adjs

in -able -abl.

added

to

In

the vocab. this is regularly

such adjs in -able as have corre-

ful [tooth tu9 [further 'fy'Sa^;

[-s

-z

boatman, -men 'botman

boatswain, bosun 'bosn,

blur bly;

[full

boarhound 'bor^haund,

ES

occas. 'bot^swen

Boaz Bible 'boaez [-'s -iz

bob bab; ES+bob; [-bed -d
bobbin 'babin; ES+'bobin; [-ed -d
bobbinet jbaba'net; ES+jbobbobby 'babi; ES+'bnbi
bobcat 'babjkaet; ES-h 'bobbobolink 'babl/igk;

ES+ 'bob-

bobsled 'babjskd; ES+'bob-; [-ed -id

'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

'fsSa [custom

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan

bobsleigh

bombshell

52

Those words below in ivhich the a sound

is spelt

bobsleigh 'bab^sle |-ed -d

o are often pronounced unth n in

bobstay 'bab^ste

bole bol boled bold

bobtail 'babjtel

bolero bo'kro, -'lero

bobtailed 'bab'teld ('bobjtailed 'ox)

Boleyn

and S

'bulin=Bullen

(in

Anne

Shak.

BuUen)

bobwhite 'bab'hwait
Boccaccio bo'katJijO

bold-facedly 'bold'fesidh, -'festh

bok'kattjo)

{It

Boche, b- baj, baf, bqf

j-s

bolide 'bolaid, -lid

Bolingbroke 'babg^bruk,

-iz

All

'bol

'bul-,

bock bak

except 'buliOibruk are spelling profiuncia-

bode past of bide bod

bode V bod boded 'bodid

tions.

bodice 'badis

|-s

part

The origi^ial was Bul- and

word brook.

ES

bolivar 'balava';

-iz

bodied 'badid

Bolivar

US

bodiless 'badihs, 'badjis

Bolivar

SAmer

bodily 'badh, -dik

the last

is the

'balavaCr

'balava^;

ES

'bal3V3(r

bo'livar;

ES

-va:(r;

(Sp

bo'liPar)

bodkin 'badkin

Bolivia, b- ba'livia |-n -n (Sp bo'IiPja)

Bodleian bad'lian, ^badlian

boll bol

Bodley 'badh
Bodmin 'badmin

bollard 'bala^d;ES'balad

boiled bold

bollworm 'boljwym; ES -;W3m, -jwym

body 'badi [-died -d

-,ga:d, E + -jga:d

-guard

ES

j-gard;

bolly 'boll

bolo 'bolo |-ed -d

Boeotia bi'o/ia, -Ja |-tian -/an, -/lan

Boer bor, b3r, bur; ES bo3(r buafr,

E+

b33(r

Boethius bo'iOias or jBoetius bo'l/ias

]-'s

-iz

Bologna city ba'lonja (// bo'lojijia)

Bologna sausage ba'lona, -'lonja, -'loni
bolometer bo'lamata^; ES -'lamat3(r
boloney ba'loni, bl'oni

Boeuf Bayou 'bef'baiu, -^baiju

Bolshevik, b- 'baljajvik, 'bol- |-vism -^vizani

bog bag, bag, bog

bogey 'bogi

bolster 'bolsta^;

boggle 'bagj, 'bogj

j-ged -d

|-d

-vist -vist

-d |-ling glig, -gho

bogie 'bogi

Bogota

bolt

ES

'bolsta(r; |-ed -d

Ibolted

'boltid;

\NEngd+h'6\t

(46)

US

ba'gota,

SAnier

boga'ta,

-'ta

bolthead 'bolt^hed

ES

boltrope 'bolt^rop

(Sp jbogo'ta)
bogtrotter

bolt

'bag^trata'

Bolton 'boltn
;

'bog-;

'bag-.

-jtrat3(r

bogus 'bogss

|-es -iz

bogy 'bogi
bohea bo 'hi
Bohemia bo'hinua, -mja \-n -n |- nism -n.izam
Bohn bon
Bohr bor, bar; ES bo3(r, E + ba3( r

bolus 'bolas

|-es -iz

bomb bam;

less freq.

bAm

[-ed -d

bombard n 'bombard; ES 'bamba:d,

bombard

bam'bard; ES bam'ba:d,

bombardier ^bamba^'dir;

ES

^bamba'diaCr,

Bok bak

bombasine jbamba'zin, 'bambajzin

bombast 'bambaest
bombastic bam'baestik |-al -1 |-ally -li,

Bokhara bo'kara

Bombay bam'be

Boise 'baisi
boisterous 'baistaras, -tras

boldface 'bold^fes

bomibproof 'bam'pruf ('bomb-proof

bold-faced 'bold 'f est ('bold- .faced

See in full 3^7.

|bath baeG;

|far

'shelter)

bombshell 'bam^Xel, 'bAmj/el

'lie)

bee bi |pity

bae (10) |ah a

-ikli

('Bonijbay 'duck)

bombazine jbamba'zin, 'bambajzin

bomber 'bama-; ES 'bama(r

|-ses -siz

bold bold

Key:

E-i-

-'ba:d; |-ed -id

S+-'de3(r

boil bail boiled baild

bola 'bola |bolas 'bobs

E-i-

-ba:d

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg langn,^ 'asg-gri

far [watch watj,

wotj (12) |jaw dsa

|gorge gards |go go

Bon

bore

53

Those words helmv in which the a sound

pronounced with n in

spelt o are often

is

ES

booklore

bona fide 'bona'faidi

bonanza bo'naenza
Bonaparte 'bonajpart;

bookmaker 'buk^meka^; ES -jmeka(r

Bookman 'bukman

ES

E+-, pa:t;

-,pa:t,

-Joa(r,

E-i-

bookman

'bukman,

-man.

|-men

-^maen

-jmen

Bonar 'bona'; ES 'bon3(r

bonbon 'ban^ban {Fr bo'bo)
bond band bonded 'bandid
|

bookmark

bookrack 'buk^raek

-,hold3(r
|-

men

ES

-3^;

|-

men

\NEiigd+

-a(r;

|-ter -a^;

bonfire 'ban^fair;

ES

ES

boomerang 'bumajiaeij, 'bumjraei)

boon bun |booned bund
-glig,

ES

Boonesboro 'bunz^byo,

-'ny;

(Fr

'banajmi

(Fr

-'n3(r,

jbana'mi,

-idngl

-d

|-d

|-ling

bona 'mi)

ES

-a;

-ihsr-, -;bAr-,

-,b^-

ES

boor bur;

ba'nce:r)

-mmie

'bun^dagl,

-gho

Boone bun

-a(r

-ifaia(r; ]-d -d

ba'ns', ba-;

-jSEla(r

bookworm 'buk^wym; ES -jwsm, -jwym

boom bum boomed bumd

boondoggle

bone-dry 'bon'drai ('bone-jdry 'wood)

boneset 'bon^sEt

ES

bookseller 'bukjsela';

bookstall 'bukjstal

-jWimin, -an
]-r

E+

-jma:k,

bookplate 'bukjplet

j-age -ids

bondmaid 'band^med |-man -man

-man
bondsman, -men 'bandzman, 'banzbondwoman 'band^wuman, -jwumbone bon |-d -d
ban (46)

ES

'buk^mark;

-jma:k

ES

bondholder 'bandjholda^ ;

bonhomie,

-Jar;

-Jaa(r

|-tist -ist

Bonheur

'buk^lor,

and

Bon bon
Bona 'bona

bua(r;

|-ish -ij

boost bust boosted 'bustid

1

boot but booted 'butid -black -jblaek

|

Boniface 'bana^fes

bootee bu'ti

-iz

|-'s

bonito ba'nito

Bootes bo'otiz \gen

bon mot Fr bo 'mo \Eng

Fr -'mo

pi

bons mots bo'moz.

-tis -tis

-3z

|-ths -tJz |-'s -Os,

Booth buO, bu?i |-th's

Boothbay 'buG^be

Bonn ban
bonne Fr ban
bonnet 'bamt
bonny 'bam

booth bu6, buS

-Os,

-3z

bootjack 'butjdssek
bootleg 'butjkg |-ged -d |-ger

|-ed -id

-9-;

ES

-a(r

bootstrap 'butjStraep

bonspiel 'banspil, -spal

booty 'buti

bon ton Fr bo 'to

bonus 'bonas |-es-iz |-ed -t
bon vivant Fr bovi'va
bon voyage Fr bovwa'jais
bony 'bom; iVg(^-i-'bani (46)
boo bu Ibooed bud
boob bub Iboobery 'bubari |booby 'bubi

booze buz |boozes 'buziz |boozed buzd [-zy

boodle 'budl

|-d

-d |-ling 'budhg, 'budlig

boohoo n 'bu^hu
boohoo intj, v jbu'hu |-ed -d
book buk Ibooked bukt |-ish
bookbinder 'buk^bainda^;

boracic bo'raesik

borage

ES

-ibainda(r ;I-y

Borah

'bora, 'bara; S 'bora

borate n 'boret, 'bar-,

-rit;

borate

S 'boret; \-d -id

v 'boret, 'bar-;

S 'bor-

Bordeaux bar 'do; ES baa'do

Borden 'bardn; ES 'baadn; |-town -^taun

ES

'baada(r;

|-ed

-d

|-ing

-dang, -dng, |-land -Jaend

-iz

ES

'bonds;

'bands,

'bands,

'byids,

ES+'bsr-, 'bAr-

border 'barda^;
|-s

bookkeeper 'buk^kipa^;
|full

Borachio bo'rat/ijo, -ki^o

borax 'boraks, 'bar-; S 'boraks

-ij

-dan, -dri

bookcase 'bukjkes

-i

bopeep, B- bo'pip

bore bor, bar;

-,kipa(r

ful [tooth tu6 Ifurther 'fs^Sa^;

ES

ES

boa(r, E-f-baa(r; |-d -d

'fsSa |custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how

hau

jusing 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij [vision 'visan |Eden 'idn [cradle 'krcdl [keep

|toy tai

'em 'kipm

Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

Boreas 'borias, 'bar-; S 'bor-;

'bar-;

ES

borer 'bora', 'bara^;

boresome 'borsam,

ES

'boa-,

E+ 'baa-

ES

E+

'boasam,

ES

ES

Borglum, Gutzon 'gAtsn'barglam;

boric 'bonk, 'bar-; S 'bonk

ES baan
born, barn; ES

|-'s

ES

-'baag-

N E7tgd+h'6(A (46)

'baSa^;

ES

'batalf,

NH

Boscawen

^botti't/Elli)

bottom, B- 'batam

|-ed -d |-less

-bs

Bottome ba'toni= Bottom, bottom

bottomry 'batamri |-ried -d
botuhsm 'bat/a jlizam
Botulph

'batalf
|-'s

-iz

Boucher 'bautJV; ES 'bautja(r

baat

ES

-wal

street loc. ba'tolf

'boan-, 'baan-

Botzaris bo'tsaris

boscage 'baskids

'batJ-,

Boston

BotticeUi >ati't/eli (Tt

-rawig
borzoi 'barzai;

Boucicault 'busi^kalt (Fr busi'ko)

'baa-

boucle bu'kle

-iz

|-s

'baskawan, 'baskwin, Brit

ftame bas'ko-an, -'ka-an

boudoir

bu'dwar,

-'dwar;

ES

-'dwa:(r.

-'dwaa(r

bough bau |boughed baud

Boscobel 'baskajbel

bosh baX |boshes 'ba/iz boshed haft

bought bat |boughten 'batn

bosk bask |-age -ids |-ages -idsiz

bo's'n 'bosn = boatswain

bouillabaisse jbulja'bes {Fr buja'bes)

Bosnia 'baznia

|-n

Boughton various persons

|-y -i

-n

bouillon

bosom 'buzam, 'buzam

Bosphorus 'bosfaras |-porus -paras |-'s -iz

ti 'knob', 'chief bas, bos |-es -iz |-ed -t

boss V 'emboss', 'order' bas, bos

|-es -iz |-ed -t

boss 'cow' bas, bos

bossy 'cow' 'basi, 'bosi

b-

'bastn,

'bostn

prevails

in

Bostonian bas 'toman, bosBoswell 'bazwel, 'boz-, -wal

'bott'

bat

bot

'bote'

bot

|-ian

'boz-, 'baz-;

baz'welian

ES -waO

ES

'bolda(r; |-ed -d

boulevard 'bulajvard, 'bul-;

ES

-jva:d,

E+

-jvard; (Fr bul'va:r)

-'lain {Fr bu'laji)

boun arch, baun, Sc bun |-(e)d -d

bounce bauns |bounces 'baunsiz |bounced

bound past & pptc of bind baund

bound n, adj, v baund |-ed -id |-ary -an,
bounden 'baundan

-ri

|-s

-iz |-d

See in fidl 3-47.

-d

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

|-ly -i, -fli

bounty 'baunti |bountied 'bauntid

bouquet _^ci'c'e?'5 bo'ke, bu'ke {Fr bu'ke)
bouquet 'aroma' bu'ke {Fr bu'ke)

-h, -ikli

botanize 'batn^aiz

boulder, B- 'bolda-;

bountiful 'bauntafal
|-al -] [-ally

botanist 'batnist botany 'batni

|bath baeO;

(Fr

bounteous 'bauntias

botanic bo'taemk

Key:

-'jon

baunst

bosun 'bosn = boatswain

bot

bul'jan,

Boult bolt

NEngd

Bosworth 'bazwa^O,

-jon,

Boulle, Boule bul

Boulogne bu'lon, ba-,

'officious' 'basi, 'bnsi

Boston,

'buljan,

'botn, 'batn, 'bautn

bu'jo)

j-ed -d

boss

bossy

|-ing

|-ation

bottle 'batl |-d -d |-ling 'batjig. 'batlig

borough 'byo, 'bs^a; ES 'bsr-, 'bAr-, 'byborrow, B- 'baro, -a, 'bar-, 'bor-; |-ed -d |-ing

ES

-sam

E+baan

boan,

ES

-d

|-ed

|-some

bott bat

-iz

Borodino jbara'dino, ibar-, ^borboron 'boron, 'bar-; S 'boran

bort bart ;

'baSafr;

'baSrig

Bothwell 'baOwEl,

Botolph

born barn;

'bornijO, 'bar-;

-,t3t, -^tyt

Bothnia 'baOnia

'baa-

Boris 'boris, 'bar-; S 'bons;

jbaSa'refan

baa-; (// bor'ge:se)

Borgia 'bardsa, -djia;

Borneo

bother

'batJarig,

'baa-

Borghese bar'gezi;

and

-idb

botfly 'bat;flai

both boe;

E+'bara(r

'bora(r,

'bar-;

ES

Botetourt 'bata^t^t;

-iz

|-'s

d in

|-es -iz |-ed -t |-edly

bote bot

borealis ,bori'aelis, jbori-, -'elis; S jbori-

boredom 'bordom,

o are often pronounced with

botch bat/

boreal 'borial, 'bor-; S 'bonal

borne

bouquet

54

boreal

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet jsang saeij |angry 'asg-gri

far |watch watj,

wotj (12) Ijaw dsa |gorge gards

|go

go


Bourbon

brad

55

Bourbon 'burban; ES 'buab-; |-ism -jizam

\Ky CO. loc. 'byban; ES 'bab-, 'bybbourbon whiskey 'burban, 'byb-; ES 'buab-,

Eng name
Lord

'bautfaCr;

ES
ES

'bautja^ {cf 121);

Berners

'burtfia^;

bourdon 'burdn, 'bordn, 'bardn; ES 'buadn,

('bow-Jegged

I-'s

-iz

bowline naut. 'bolin, -jlain

bowling green, B- G- 'bohij'grin

bowman, B-

'bu3tXi'3(r

-'kgd

'dog)

Bowles bolz

'bsb-, 'byb-

Bourchier

bowleg 'boikg
bow-legged 'bo'legid,

bowman

'archer'

'boman |-men -man

oarsman'

'front

bauman

|-men -man

bourgeois type ba^'dsais, by-;

Bowmanville 'boman,vil
bown(e) baun, Sc bun |-(e)d -d
Bowness bo'nes |-'s -iz
bowse 'drink' buz, bauz \-s -iz d -d
bowshot 'bo //at; ES+-;jDt

bourgeoise, pi -ses

bowsprit 'baujsprit, 'bo-

'boadn,

E+'boadn

ES buag;

bourg burg;

{Fr burr)

bourgeois 'middle-class^ bur'swa,

ES bu3-,

'burswa;

'bu3-; {Fr bur'swa)

bowstring 'bojStrio

bur'3wa:z)

ES

ibur3wn'zi;

bourgeoisie,

^bua-;

{Fr

burswa'zi)

bourgeon 'byd33n;
bourn, -e

ES

'limit,*

boan, buan,

ES

'bsds-, 'byds-; |-ed -d

born, burn;

'brook* born,

E+boan

bouse

ES buas;

|-s

baus, bauz

tiaut.

-d

-iz [-d -t,

bouse, -ze 'drink' buz, bauz

|-s

-d

-iz |-d

|-sy,

-zy-i

boustrophedon

jbustra'fidn

bu^strafa-

|-ic

'danik; ES+-jStrDfa'dDnik

ES

{Fr

-'jeaCr;

jbova'ri {Fr bova'ri)

|-rism,

-rysm

bau [bowed baud

Bozzaris bo'zaeris

|-'s

bra'baent,

-iz

'brabant

{Fr

-/ijO

-d |-ling 'braeblig, -blig

|

|-es -iz

brachial 'brekial, 'braek-

-iz

brachiopod 'braekiajpad, 'brek-; ES-f--jpDd

|-s -iz |-d

brachycephalic jbraekisa'faelik |-lism -'sefa-

-d

Bowdoin 'bodn
bowel 'baual, baul

|-d

bracelet 'bresbt |-ed -id

brach braetj

Bowdlerize 'baudla^raiz

bra'ba),

Shak. 'Brabant

[bowed bod

ibzam
|-s

bracing 'bresig

-z |-ed -d

'arbor,' cards 'baua',

baur;

ES

'bau'a(r,

baua(r; j-ed -d |-ing 'bauarig, 'bauriol -y

bower

'fiddler' 'boa^;

bowie

'bo'i, 'bu-i

ES

bracken 'braekan

|-ed -d

Brackenbury 'braekan^ben, -ban

|-'s

-iz

bracket 'braekit |-ed -id

'bo^nat, 'bo'nat; ES+-/nDt, -'not

bowl bol |-s -z bowled bold
bowlder 'bolda^; ES 'bolda(r
I

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

-i

Brackenridge 'braekanrids

'bo'a(r

bowknot

[full

-'galz, -'gylz

brace bres braces 'bresiz braced brest

'weapon,* 'curve* 'violin how* bo

Bowdich, Bowditch 'bauditj |-'s

Bowdler 'baudla^; ES 'baudla(r

bower

ES

pron. boz by Dickens for 'Mose'.

brabble 'braebl

n, v'provi' 'nod*
n,

Boyne bam

Brabantio bra'baen/o, -'banjo,

'bovajrizam

bovine 'bovain

bow
bow

-z

Boyesen 'baiasn
Boyet bai'et {Fr bwa'jt)
Boyle bail

Brabant

buta'nJEir)

Bovary

|-s

boxwood 'baksjwud; ES+'boksboy bai |-hood -hud

Boz baz, boz

^butn'jer;

'baksa(r, 'boks-

boys-and-girls 'baizn'gylz;

bout baut
boutonniere

ES

boxer, B- 'baksa^;

|-zy -zi

boycott 'baijkot, -jkot; |-ed -id

-iz

|-s

|-ed -d or -strung -/StrAg

bowyer 'boja^; ES 'boja(r

bowze 'drink' buz, bauz |-s -iz |-d -d
box baks; ES+boks; |-es -iz |-ed -t
boxful 'baksjful; ES+'bnks-;

Bournemouth 'bornmaO, 'barn-, 'burn-; ES

'bean-, 'buan-, E+'baanbourse burs;

|-sy -zi

ES ba-, bs-, ba^bur'swaz; ES bua-; {Fr

ES

brackish 'braekij
bract braekt |-ed -id

|-eal -lal

brad braed |bradded 'braedid |-awl

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan

jEden

-,al

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

Braddock

bread-and-butter

56
bran-new

Braddock 'braedak
Bradford

'braedfa^d;

Bradshaw

'braed/o

ES

'braen'nju, -'niu, -'nu

brant brtent

'brasdfad

brantail 'brien,tel

Bradwardine 'braedwa^din,

ES -wad-

-,ain;

brae bre

brash brae/
brasier 'bresa^;

ES

'bresaCr

brag braeg bragged braegd

brass braes; E-f-bras, bras;

Bragg braeg

brassard 'braesard;

braggadocio jbrjega'doJijO

brassart 'braesa't;

ES

braggart 'braega^t;

Brake bra {Dan

Brahma Hindu

'braegat

brassiere bra'zir, ^braesi'tr;

'brama, fowl 'brama,

'brema

brass-smith

ES

-'zia(r, -'tacr

E+'bras-, 'bras-;

'braes,smi6;

|-ths -Gs

Brahman 'braman

|-s

-z |-ism

-jizam

brassware

Brahmanic bra'maenik |-al -1

Brahmaputra jbrama'putra
Brahmin 'bramin l-ism -jizam
Brahminic bra'minik |-al -1
Brahms bramz {Ger bra:ms)
braid bred

E-i--a:d

brassie, -y, -ey 'braesi; E-f-'brasi, 'brasi

'bra-e)

god

|-es -iz |-ed -t

ES 'braesa:d,
ES 'briesat

'braes, wr,

-,waer;

brasswork

ES

'braes, wyk;

-,w3k, -,wyk,

brassy 'braesi; E-t-'brasi, 'brasi

brat braet |-hng

-iz

|-'s

-lig |-tish -i/

Brathwaite 'breOwet

brail brel |brailed breld

Bratislava 'brati,slava, ,brati'slava

Braille brel |brailled breld {Fr bra:j)

brattice 'braetis

brain bren [brained brend

Brattleboro

brainpan 'bren^paen

|-s

-iz |-d -t

'braetljbyo,

-^tri,

in

Engd

/oc.

+ 'bran-

braise brez braises 'breziz [braised brezd

I

Braithwaite 'breOwet, in Engd loc.+ ^hreOit

Breathitt

brave brev braved brevd

|

bravo

^well done!'

bravo

^villain''

brawl bral [brawled braid

'brekman

brakesman, -men 'breksman

|-d

-d l-hng -bho |b]y -bli

bran, B- braen

bra,

ES

{It bra'vuira)

bra

brawn bran |brawned brand |-edness -idnis

bray bre [brayed bred
brazen 'brezn

'braegkad

branch braentj; E+branfJ, brant/;

|-es

-iz

|-ed -d

brazenness 'breznnis

Brandeis 'braendais

brazier

-iz

Brandenburg 'braendan^byg; ES

-jbsg, -ibyg;

{Ger 'brandan^burk)

-'fesidh ('brazen-

'brassworker'

'bresa^,

'breziy;

ES

'bre3a(r, -zi-aCr

brazier /or hot coals 'bresa^;

brand ied 'brndid

brandish 'braendi/

[-ly

'lie)

brand braend [branded 'braendid

|-'s

[ing 'breznig, -znig

brazenfaced 'brezn 'f est

,faced

l-ed -t

ES

'bresaCr

Brazil, b- bra'zil, ba^'zil [ian -jan

|-es -iz [-ed -t

brand-new 'braen 'nju, 'braend-,

Brandon 'braendan

-'niu, -'nu

brazihn 'braezjin
Brazos, -zos' 'brazes, 'brezas, -zds

Brea

'bria

brandtail 'brienjtel

breach brit/ [breaches

brandy 'braendi jbrandied 'braendid

Brandy wine 'braendi, wain
Brangwaine 'braegwen

bread hvEd breaded 'bredid

See in full 3-47.

-ri

braze brez [brazes 'breziz [brazed brezd

brancard 'braegka'd;

[bath baeG;

-an,

'bravo, 'brevo

brakeman, -men

braw Sc

|-ry

'bravo

bravura bra'vjura, -'viura

Key:

-,b3r-,

Brauwer 'braua^; ES 'brau-a(r

bravado bra'vado, -'vedo |-ed -d

brake arch, past of break brek

brake n, v brek jbraked brekt |-age -ids

bramble 'braembl

ES

-,bya;

-,bAr-, -,b3^-

brainsick 'bren^sik

cf.

E-i-

'bras-, 'bras-

braided 'bredid

Braintree 'brentri,

-,wa(r,

-,waea(r, 'bras-, 'bras-; S 'braes ,waea(r

'brit/iz [-ed -t

Breadalbane bred'alban
bread-and-butter 'brEdn'bAt*;

ES

-'bAta(r

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret jyet jet jsang saeg [angry 'aeg-gn
baO (10) [ah a [far far [watch wot/, wot/ (12) [jaw d^o [gorge gards [go go


bridgehead

57

breadfruit
breadfruit 'bredjfrut, -^friut

breed brid |bred bred

breadstuff 'bred^stAf

breeks briks

breadth brede, brete

ES

breadwinner 'brEd^wina^;
break brek

[past

Breese 'briz

|-ths -Os

broke brok or arch, brake

brek \pptc broken 'brokan or

-iz

|-'s

breeze briz [breezes 'briziz breezed brizd

-jWin3(r

arch, or slang

broke brok; |A^wg(^+br3k(3n)

US

Bremen

ES 'brna(r
ES 'briatn, S-f'brEaRabbit bra^'raebit; ES bra'raebit

Brenner 'brEna^;

breakage 'brekids

Brereton 'brirtn;

-iz

breakbone 'brek,bon

Br'er

breakdown 'brekjdaun

Breslau 'brEsb {Ger 'brEslau)

breakfast 'brekfast |-ed -id

Brest brESt

breakneck 'brek,nek

Brest Litovsk 'brestli'tafsk, -'tofsk

Breakspeare

ES

'brek^spir;

-iSpi3(r,

S+

'breman.

'breman (Ger 'bre:man)

Bremerton 'brema^tan; ES 'brEmatan

breakable 'brekabl |-bly -bk

|-s

Germany

'briman,

brethren, B- 'brE?irin, -ran

Breton 'brstn (Fr bra'to)

-;SpE3(r

breakup 'brek^Ap
breakwater 'brek^wata^,

breve briv

ES

-jwata^, -jWDta^;

brevet bra 'vet, 'brEvit |-ed -id |-cy -'vEtsi

breviary 'brivi,ri, 'brEVi-

-t3(r

ES

bream brim breamed brimd

brevier bra'vir;

breast brEst [breasted 'brestid |-band -jbaend

brevity 'brevati

breastbone 'brest'bon, -jbon

Breasted 'brestid

brew bru, briu |-ed -d |-ery -an, -ri

brewer, B- 'brua^, 'briua^; ES -a(r

breastpin 'brEstjpin, 'bres-

Brewster

breastplate 'brestjplet, 'brts-

Brian 'braian

breastsummer

'brEstjSAma',

ES

'brEsama^;

-jSAm3(r, -S3m3(r

breath brEO

ES

|-ths -Os |-less

-jwak, -jwyk

-bs

Briand 'briand (Fr bri'a)

ES

'brai-a(r

briarroot 'braia^/rut, -irut;

(such)

'voiceless'

b.,'

brEGt

Breathitt 'btEOit, cf Braithwaite

-ri

bric-a-brac 'brika^braek ]-kery -an,

-ri

c/kiln

brickkiln 'bnkjkil, -jkiln

bricklayer 'brikjea^;
|

-shire -iJir,

ES

-jle-a(r

brickie 'bnkj

brick-red 'brik'rEd ('brick-jred 'paint)

-Jia(r, -Ja(r

ES -jwsk, -jws^k
ES -ja:d, E+-ja:d

Brecon 'brskan

brickwork 'brik^wyk;

bred pasl & pptc of breed brsd

brede tt arch, brid

brickyard 'brikjard;

breech britj,

bride braid |brided 'braidid

breechcloth

bridal 'braidl |-ly-i

britj" |-es -iz 1-ed -t

breechblock 'brit/.blak,

'brit/-;

'britJikbO,

ES+-,blDk

'britJ"-,

-.klDO

|-ths

breeches garment 'brit/iz

'brit/ii),

with harness

breechloader

'britjio

bridechamber 'braid^t/emba^;

ES

-jt/emba(r

bridesmaid 'braidz^med
Those familiar

'britj'loda^, 'brit/-;

bridesman 'braidzman,

-jinaen

|-men -man

bridewell, B- 'braidwEl, -wal

call it 'britjiij.

ES

-'loda(r

breech-pin 'brit/,pin, 'brit/|full

bride-ale, brideale 'braid,el

bridegroom 'braidjgrum, -jgrum

-3z, -es

breeching

'brai-a-

brickbat 'brik,baet |-ted -id

|-'s

-IZ

ES

ES

bribe braib bribed braibd |-ry -an,

Breckenridge, Breckinridge 'brEkanridj

-Ja-;

[-reus's

brick brik bricked brikt

breccia 'brEtJia, 'brEjia {li 'brettja)

Brecknock 'breknak, -nak, -nok

-sta(r

-riasiz

|-y -i

^having

ES

Briarean brai'Erian, -'er- |-reus -rias

breathe briS breathed briSd

breathed adj

'brusta^, 'briu-;

briar 'braia^;

breastwork 'brEst/wyk;

S+-'va(r

-'via(r,

ful |tooth tuO [further 'fytia^;

bridge brids [bridges 'bridsiz

|-d

-d

bridgehead 'brids^hEd

ES

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzio [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

[Eden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep

[toy tai

'em

'kipip

Bridgeport
Those words below in which the a sound

ES

Bridgeport 'brid3jport, -ipart;

-]po3t,

is spelt

E+

o are often pronounced with d in

brisk brisk [brisked

bnskt

and S

-an [-ened

[-en

-and

-'pD3t

Bridges 'bridsiz [Bridges' 'bridsiz

bridget,

brock

58

B-

brisket 'briskit

'bnsbg, -slig

bristle 'brisl |-d -d [-ling

'bridsit

-dgw-

Bridgewater,

'brids^wDty,

-jwata^.

bristly 'brisli, 'brisb

-jWDta^; ES -taii;formerly -Walter

bridgework 'brids^wyk; ES -^wak, -jW^k

Bristol 'bnstj (Bristow in 1142)

Bridgman 'bndsman

Britain 'britn, 'britan [-tish -tij

Bristow

US

'bristo

bridle 'braidl |-d -d |-ling ^braidlig, -dlig

Britannia bri'tania, -nja

bridleless 'braidlhs

Briticism 'bntajSizam

Brie bri

Briton 'britn, 'britan

|

ES

Brittain 'britn, 'britan

brief brif briefed brift

brier 'braia^;

-ik ]-ica -ika

|-ic

Brittany 'bntni

'brai'3(r; |-ed -d

ES

brierroot 'braia^^rut, -jtut;

brittle 'britl jbrittlely 'bntlli, 'britli |-r -tjy.

'brai'3-

brieve briv

-tla-;

ES

-a(r; |-st -tjist, -tbst

Britton 'britn, 'britan

brig brig

Brno 'byno; ES 'bsno,

brigade bri'ged [-gaded -'gedid

ES

brigadier jbriga'dir;

brigand 'brigand

-'di3(r,

S+-'de3(r

broad brDd

|-ed -id |-age -ids

'bs^no

broach brotj [broaches 'brot/iz

[-ax,

[-ed -t

-axe -jaeks [-axes -^aeksiz

brigandine 'brigsn^din, -jdain

broadbill 'bradjbil

brigantine 'briganjtin, -jtain

broadbrim, B- 'brad brim

Brigham 'brigam

broad-brimmed 'brad'brimd ('broad-jbrimmed

bright,

B- brait

'hat)

brighten 'braitn [ed -d |-ing 'braitnig, -tnig

brighteyes, B- 'brait^aiz

broadcast

E+-jkast,

'brad^kaest;

Brighton 'braitn

broadcloth 'bradjklaO, -jkloO

Bright's disease 'braitsdi^ziz

broaden 'bradn

brill

bnl

broad-gauged

'brilJ3n,tin, v jbriljan'tin |-d -d

brim brim brimmed brimd

-11

'brim'ful

('hearts

'brim'ful,

'brima';

ES

-iz

('broad-jgauged

'mind)

broad-minded 'brad'maindid

Broad Ripple

'brimjful 'eye)

brimmer

[-s

'brad'gedsd

broadleaf, B- 'bradjif

brimful,

[-ths -Gs

|-ed -d |-ing 'bradnig, -dnig

broad-gauge 'brad^geds

brilliance 'briljans |-cy -i |-iant -jant

brilliantine

broadside n,

'brim3(r; |-ed -d

'brad^ripl

v 'brad, said [-d -id

brimstone 'brinijSton

broadside adv 'brad'said, -,said

brinded 'brindid

broadsword 'brad^sord,

Brindisi 'brindazi (It 'brindizi)

-,sard;

ES

Broadview

brine brain brined braind

Broadway 'brad^we

bring brig [brought brat

Brobdignag erron. for next

Brobdingnag 'brabdig,naeg

bringing-up 'brigigAp

brink brigk

E+

'brad^vju, -,viu, -'v-

[-ian

,brabdig-

'naegian

briny 'braim

brocade bro'ked [-caded -'kedid

brio 'brio

brocatel,

brioche 'brio/, 'briaj, -dJ (Fr bri'af)

broccoU 'brakah, 'brakh

briquette, -quet bri'ket |-(e)d -id

brochure bro'/jur,

Brisbane 'brizben, -ban

Briseis brai'siis

|-'s

-lie

^braka'tel
{It 'brakkoli)

-'Jiur, -'/ur;

ES

-ua(r; {Fr

brb'/yrr)

brock brak

-iz

in full 3-47.

(bath baeO;

-,soad,

-jsaad

brindle 'brindl brindled 'brindld

Key: See

-,kast;

\past b' pptc -cast, radio +-Cdii,\.ed -id

bee bi [pity

ba6 (10) [ah a

[far

'piti

(6) [rate ret [yet jet jsang saeg [angr}- 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj,

wot/ (12) [jaw dsa

[gorge gards [go go

Brockport

Brummell

59

Those words below in which the a sound

Brockport 'brak^port,

-ipart;

ES

is spelt

E+

-ipoat,

o are often pronounced with

Broome

-iPaat

in

broomcorn 'brumikarn, 'brum-;

broomrape 'brum^rep, 'brumbroomstick 'brum^stik, 'brum-

Brodhead 'bradjhEd,

broth brae, broO

'brad-

|-ths -Os

brogan 'brogan

brothel 'braOal, 'broeal,

brogue brog |brogued brogd

brother

broider

ES

'braida^;

-daCr;

-d

|-ed

|-ing

brokage 'brokids

broken
|-ness

NEngd+hrSk

brotherly 'brA^a^h;

{46)

iVJSg(/+ 'brokan

{46);

-kaimis

ES

ES

brokenhearted 'brokan'hartid;

-'ha:tid,

'brAtJ^njla;

ES

ES

'brAtSali

brothers-in-law 'brAtJa^zinJa, 'brAcSa'znJa;

ES

ES

brougham 'bruam, brum, 'bream

Brougham brum, 'bruam
brought brat

E+-'ha:tid
broken-winded 'brokan'windid

Broun, Heywood 'brun

brow brau |browed braud
Broward 'braua'd; ES 'brau-ad
browbeat 'brau^bit \past -beat

'brokaCr

brokerage 'brokarids, 'brokrids

bromal 'bromael

bromate ^bromet -mated -metid

Brom Bones 'bram'bonz |-'s -iz

Brower braua^; ES 'brau-aCr

brown braun |-ed -d |-ness 'braunms
Brown(e) braun

Bromfield 'bram,fild

bromic 'bromik

bromide 'bromaid, -mid [bromid 'bromid

bromine 'bromin, -mm [bromin 'bromin

Brownell 'braunel, brau'ntl

Bromley 'brAmb, 'bramBromwich 'brAmidj, 'bram-, -wit/

Brownian 'braunian
brownie 'braum
Browning 'braumg

|-'s

-iz

bronchi pi 'bragkai

brown-eyed 'braun'aid ('brown-jeyed 'Susan)

brownstone 'brauiijSton

bronchia pi 'bragkia
bronchial 'bragkial

Brownsville 'braunzvil; S+-vl

|-ly -i

bronchitis bran'kaitis, brag- |-chitic -'kitik

browntail 'braun^tel

broncho

brown-tailed

bronco

'braun'teld

browse brauz |browses 'brauziz

bronchus 'bragkas bronchi 'bragkai

|

bronco 'bragko |-buster -jbAsta';

ES

-ta(r

Bronson 'brAnsn, 'bransn

Bronte 'branti

Bruce brus, brius

|-'s

|-d

-d

-iz

j-'s

-iz

'brudsiz iBruges's 'brujiz

Brugmann 'brugman
[-d

-d

bruise bruz, briuz

|-es -iz |-ed -t

{Ger 'brugman)

bruin 'brum, 'briuin

|-s

-iz |-d -d

brood brud [brooded 'brudid

bruit brut, briut |-ed -id

brook bruk brooked brukt

Brooke bruk

brumal 'bruml, 'briumi

brume brum, brium
brummagem, B- 'brAmadsam
Brummell 'brAml

|-let -lit

Brookline 'bruklain [-lyn -lin

|-ed

Bruges 'brudsiz, bru3 {Fr hry.^) [Bruges'

Bronx bragks |-'s -iz |-ville -vil

bronze branz bronzes 'branziz

broom brum, brum

'brown- tailed

bruckle 'brAkl

Brontosaurus, b- jbranta'saras

'moth)

bronchoscope 'bragkajskop

brooch brot/, brutJ

\pptc

-jbit

-beaten -jbitn

|full

'brAcSa-

'brAcSazin^a, 'brAtJazn^Ia

broken-down 'brokan'daun

see

|-ing

'brA^ang, 'brA^rig

'brASarmJa, 'brAcSanJa

'brokan;

broker 'broka^;

-d

|-ed

-tJa(r;

brother-in-law 'brA'SarmJa,

broke brok;

-(Sal

ES

'brAtJa^;

brotherhood 'brAtJa'jhud;

'broidarig, 'broidrig
broil brail broiled braild

-^kaan

NY county hrum

brocoli 'brakab, 'brakb

Brockton 'braktan

E and S

ES

-d

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fsSa [custom

'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


Brunanburh

Buenos Aires

60

Brunanburh 'brunan^byg; ES

-ibsg, -jbyg;

Bucephalus bju'sefalas, biu-

|-'s

-iz

Brundisium brAn'diziam

Buchan 'bAkan {Sc 'bAxan)

Buchanan bju'kaenan, biu-, ba-

Brunelleschi jbrunj'Eski {It jbrunel'kski)

Bucharest jbjuka'rest, ^biu-, ^bu

{OE

'brunan^burx)

Brunhild 'brunhild {Ger 'bruinhilt)

Buchmanism 'bAkman^izam

Brunhilde brun'hilda {Ger bruin'hilda)

Buchtel 'buktl {Ger 'buxtal)

Bruno

|-ite -jait

buckaroo 'bAka^ru, jbAka'ru

buckayro bAk'ero

brunt brAnt |brunted 'brAntid

brush, B- brAj |brushes 'brA/iz |-ed

buckboard 'bAk^bord, -jbard; ES -jboad,

-t

bucket 'bAkit

brushwood 'brAj,wud
brusque brAsk, br.usk {Fr brysk)

buckeye 'bAk,ai |-d -d

Buckhannon bAk'haenan

Brussells 'brAslz

Buckingham

-Iz

Brussells sprouts 'brAsl'sprauts, 'brAslz's-

Brut brut, briut

|-ed -id |-ful -,ful ]-fuls -^fulz

US 'bAkig,haeni, F^ni^d

Buckinghamshire

buckler /ram buckle 'bAkla^, 'bAkja^;

brutalization jbrutja'zejan, ,briutl-, -ai'z-

buckler

brutalize 'brutjiaiz, 'briutl-

|-s

Brutus 'brutas, 'briutas

ES

-iz

'bAknel, bAk'nel;

buckskin 'bAkjskin |-ned -d

-maur Wales brin'mar; ES

-'m33(r; {S. Welsh brin'maur)
Bryn Mawr Pa brin'mar, loc. -'mar; ES

buckthorn 'bAk^Barn; ES -jGaan

Brynmawr,

Eng places

bucktooth 'bAkjtuO -teeth

|

-jtiO

buckwheat 'bAkjhwit
bucolic, B- bju'kalik, biu-; ES-h-'knl-

-'ni33(r, -'ma:(r

Bucovina jbuka'vina
Bucyrus bju'sairas, biu-

bryology brai'aladsi; ES+-'d1-

bryony 'braiam
bryophyte 'braia.fait
Brython 'briGan |Brythonic bri'Oanik;

ES+

-d l-ling 'bAbbrj, 'bAbho

-iz

Budapest jbjuda'pEst, jbiuda-, jbudaBuddha 'buda |-ddhism -dizam |-ddhist

Buddhistic bud'istik

buddy

bubble and squeak 'bAblan'skwik

ES

|-'s

bud bAd budded 'bAdid

-'eonl-d

-a(r

'bAknal

Brynhild 'brinhild {Scand 'bryn-)

bubble 'bAbl

ES

'bAkla(r

buckram 'bAkram |-ed -d

Bucks Pa 6" short for Buckinghamshire bAks
bucksaw 'bAk^sa
buckshot 'bAkJat; ES+-jDt

{Fr bry'je:r)

'braian |-ism -jizam

Bryant 'braiant
Bryce brais |-'s

Pa coll.

ES

bucko 'bAko
buckra 'bAkra

-'s -iz

-'je3(r;

'shield' 'bAkla^;

Bucknell

-iz |-d -d

|-tify -Sjfai |-tified -a^faid

brutish 'brutij, 'briutij

Bruyere bru'jer;

ES

buckle, B- 'bAkl l-d -d |-ling 'bAkliQ, -kho

|-ly -i

brutality bru'taebti, briu-

Bryan

'bAkigam
-j^;

'bAkioauij/ir,

-Jiafr, -/a(r

brutal 'brutl, 'briutl

brute brut, briut

E+

-jbaad

|-es -iz

brushland 'brAjJaend

|-ls'

-^

buck, B- bAk bucked bAkt

'bruno, 'briuno

Brunswick 'brAnzwik, -zik

brushbush 'brAj^buf

acct

'Bucha^rest

brunet, -tte bru'net, briu-

-dist

|-al -1

'bAdi

bubo 'bjubo, 'biubo

budge bAds |budges 'bAdsiz [budged bAd3d

budget 'bAdsit j-ed -id |-ary 'bAdsijteri
Budle 'bjudj, 'biudl

bubonalgia jbjuban'aeldsia, jbiu-

Buell 'bjual, 'biual

bubonic bju'banik, biu-; ES+-'bDnik

Buena Vista

bubbler 'bAbla-, 'bAbla-;

-3(r;

|-bly -bh.

-bli

buccal 'bAkl

buccaneer jbAka'nir;

ES

-'ni3(r,

S+-'nE3(r;

See in full 3-47.

|bath b6;

'bjuna 'vista,

'biu-;

Buenos

Aires

'bonas'sriz,

-'aeriz,

'bwenas'airiz {Sp 'bwenas 'aires)

l-ed -d

Key:

US

CA

'bwena'vista {Sp 'bwena'(5ista)

|-ly -i

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

-'eriz,

In

the

(6) |rate ret |yet jet jsang saeg |angry 'asg-gri

far |watch watj, wotj" (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go


buff
19th

a common Anglicized form in both

America was 'bonas'srz, -'aerz;

c.

Engd

bunk

61

b'

ES

-'3z,

buUethead 'buhtjhed

buff bAf buffed bAft

1

B-

buffalo,

ES

'bulit'tedid

bulletheaded

'bAfjjO |-ed -d

buffer 'bAfa^;

-iz |-d -d

|-s

bullet 'buht |-ed -id

see 122.

-'aeaz

bulldoze 'buljdoz

Bullen 'bulin = Boleyn

'bAf3(r; |-ed -d

('bulletjheaded

'boy)

buffet 'stroke,^ 'strike' 'bAfit |-ed -id

bulletin 'bulatn, -tin

buffet 'sideboard' bA'fe, ba-, bu-, Brit 'bAfit

bulletproof v 'bulit^pruf |-ed

buffet 'restaurant' bu'fe, 'bufe {Fr hy^iz)

bulletproof adj 'bulit'pruf ('bullet-proof 'hat)

bufflehead 'bAfl^hed

bullfight 'bul;fait

buffo 'bufo {It 'buffo)

bullfinch,

Buffon 'bAfan (Fr by'fo)

bullfrog

buffoon bA'fun |-ed -d |-eiy -an,

Bufo

Bug

-fad

bug, bAg

buUheaded 'bul'hedid ('bulljheaded

'obsti-

'bAg;ber,

bullion 'buljan

BuUitt 'buht
Bulloch 'bulak

-jbaer;

-jbEa(r,

ES

bullock, B- 'bulak

BuUokar 'bula^kar; ES

-jbaea(r

buggy 'bAgi

Bull

|-gies -z

Run

bull's-eye 'bulz^ai

Buhl US bjul, biul, bul

Buhl Fr cabinetmaker bul

bulrush 'buljrAj

buhl bul |-work -^wyk;

buhrstone 'by^ston;

ES

-jka:(r

'bul'rAn

bugle 'bjugl, 'biu- id -d |-ling -glio. -gbo

bugloss 'bjuglas, 'biu-, -gins, -gbs |-es -iz

Buick

-ifrog;

nacy)

bug bAg bugged bAgd

bugaboo 'bAgajbu
bugbane 'bAg^ben
bugbear

-^frag.

-ifrag,

bullhead 'bul^hed

ES

'bjufa^d, 'biu-;

riv.

|-es -iz

'buljfrag,

-,frag, -jfrog

-ri

'bjufo, 'biu-

Buford

B- 'buljfintj

-t

bully 'bull Ibullied 'buhd

|-es -iz

bulwark 'bulwark; ES -wak;

ES

-jwsk, -jwyk

'bs-, 'by-

'bjuik, 'biuik

|-ed -t

Bulwer 'bulwa^; ES 'bulwair

Bulwer-Lytton 'bulwa^'litn; ES 'bulwabum bAm bummed bAind
i

build bild built bilt or arch, builded -id

bumblebee 'bAmbl,bi

built-in 'bilt'in ('built-jin 'cupboard)

bumblepuppy 'bAmbl^pApi
bumboat 'bAm,bot
bump bAmp bumped bAmpt
bumpkin 'bAmpkin

Bukarest, Bukha- jbjukaVest, ^biu-, jbu

OCC/+ 'Buka^rest

Bukhara bu'kara
Bukovina jbuka'vina
bulbose 'bAlbos [bulbous 'bAlbas
bulbul 'bulbul
|-'s

-iz

ES

'bAlga^, 'bul-, -gar;

-ga(r, -ga:(r

Bulgaria bAl'geria, bul-, -'gerbulge bAlds; S+bulds;

S bulk

|-s

|-n

-iz |-d

bunch bAotJ [bunches 'bAnt/iz

bunco 'bAgko |-ed -d
buncombe, B- 'bAokam
bund bAnd bunded 'bAndid
{Ger bunt)

bundle 'bAndl

-d

-d

|-d

|-ling 'bAndlig, -dlig

buU,B-buI|bulledbuld
bulla 'bula, 'bAla |-lae

bunghole 'bAgjhoI

bulkhead 'bAlk.hed,

buUace 'buhs, -as

BuUcalf 'bul,kef ;

|-s

|-ed -t |-y -i

esp.

'bulk-

-i

-iz

bungle 'bAggl

-,kaf, -,kaf, -,kf

bunion 'bAujan,

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fa^Sa^;

|-d

-d [-hng 'bAgglig, -glig

-jin

bunk bAgk [bunked bAgkt

bulldog 'buljdag, -jdog

[full

|-ed -t

Bund bund

-n

bung bAg [bunged bAgd

bungalow 'bAggaJo
Bungay 'bAggi

bulk bAlk, esp.

-a(r

bun bAn

Bulgar

ES

bumptious 'bAmpJas

bulb bAlb bulbed bAlbd

Buliinch 'buljfintj

|-er -a-;

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vi3an [Eden

'id;a

[cradle 'kredl [keep

'em

tai

'kipni

bunko

Burroughs

62

bunko 'bAgko |-ed -d

bunkum 'bAgkam
bunny 'bAni
Bunsen 'bAnsn (Ger 'bunzan)

BurgojTie ba^'gain;

burgrave 'bygrev;

ES
ES

Burgundian ba^'gAndian; ES ba'gAn-

Burgundy 'bygandi; ES

bunt bAnt bunted 'bAntid bunting 'bAntig

burial 'berial

buntline 'bAnthn, -lain

burin 'bjurin, 'biu-

Bunyan

-jpa:t,

E+-jpa:t;

burlesque

|-ant -ant

by-;

bur by; ES

bsCr, by; |-red -d

Burbage 'bybids; ES 'bs-, 'by-; l-'s -iz
Burbank, b- 'bybaegk; ES 'bs-, 'by-; |-ed

ES

ES

-t

'bs-, 'by-

'bsbl. 'bybl; |-d -d |-ling

ES

burbot 'bybat;

ES 'bs-, 'by-; |-ped -t

ES 'bsl-, 'bylba^'ksk, by'ksk; ES ba'ksk,

|-ed

-d

-dnig |-some -sam

Burdett(e) ba^'det;

ES

ba-

ES

Burdett-Couts 'bydet'kuts, ba^'det-;

|-'s

'bs-,

-iz

burdock 'by^dak; ES 'bs-, 'by-, -^dok

bureau 'bjuro, -ra, 'biu-

Burley, b- 'byli; ES 'bsh, 'byk

Burlingame 'bylig,gem, -igam; ES 'bsl-,
'byl-; The 1st is a sp. pron. Same 'ii'ord as
Burlingham.

Burlingham 'bylig,haem, -igam; ES

burly 'byli;

ES

|-'S

burette, -ret bju'ret, biu-

Burnett
|-ed -d

B- 'bydsis; ES 'bsds-, 'byds-;

by 'net,

'bsnl, 'bynj

'bsna(r, 'byna(r

ES

'bsnit, 'bynit

ES

'bynit;

'bydsitSjtaun;

ES

'bsds-,

burnish 'byni/;

ES

'bs-, 'by-; |-es -iz |-ed -t

burglar 'bygla^;

ES

ES

|-s

'bsg-, 'byg-;

ES bsnt^bynt
ES

Burntisland 'bynt'ailand

'bsh, 'byli

ES

|-s

burr, B-

by; ES

b3(r,

by;

'bsgl, 'bygl; [-d -d |-ling

-ghg, -ghg
burgomaster 'by ga ,maest3^ ; ES 'b3ga,msta (r,
'byga-, E+-jmas-, -,mas-

burgonet 'byga^ntt;

ES

See in full 3-A7.

ES

'bsr-, 'bAr-,

'by-, 'bsl-, 'by|-

Burritt 'byit;

ES

'bsnt, 'bAnt, 'byit

ES

'bsr-, 'bAr-, 'by-,

Burroughs 'byoz, -az; ES

'bsr-, 'bAt-, 'by-;

burro 'byo, 'buro, -a;

'bur-

'bsg-, 'byg-

burgoo, -gout 'bygu, by'gu;

'bsnt-, 'bynt-;

|-ed -d

Burrillville 'byal^vil, 'byl-;

ES

ba-,

Sc+ 'br Ant-

-IZ |-d -d

burgle 'bygj;

ES

-z

burnt bynt;

'b3gla(r, 'bygla(r; |-y -i

burglarize 'bygla^raiz;

'bynus;

'bs-, 'by-; |-(e)s -iz |-(e)d -t

Burns bynz; ES bsnz, b^nz; |-'s- iz |-ian -lan

burnside, B- 'byn^said; ES 'bsn-, 'byn-;

'byd3-

burgh byg; ES bsg, byg; {Sc 'bAro, -a)

Burgh, de di'byg; ES di'bsg, di'byg
burgher, B- 'byga*; ES 'bsgafr, 'byga(r
Burghley, -leigh 'byli;

bs-, by-, 'bs-,

Burney 'byni; ES 'bsni, 'byni

Burnham 'bynam; ES 'bsnam, 'bynam
burnoose, -nous ba^'nus,

Burgettstown

|bath baeO;

'bshg-, 'bybg-

'by-

|-es -iz

Key:

ES
ES

burnet B- 'bynit;

bag, byg; |-age -ids

burgeon bydsan; ES 'bsds-, 'byds-;

Burger Ger 'byrgar
burgess,

ES

'bsh, 'byli

-IZ

Burnell 'bynj;

burner 'byna^;

ES

'bs-,

Burma 'byma; ES 'bsma, 'byma; |-n -n

Burmese by'miz; ES bs'miz, by'miz
burn byn; ES bsn, byn; [-ed -d or -t -t
Burne-Jones 'byn'dsonz; ES 'bsn-, 'byn-;

bureaucracy bju'rakrasi, biu-; ES+-'rDkbureaucrat 'bjura,kraet, 'biu-

burg byg;

bs-

|-d -t ('bur,lesque 'play)

Burlington 'bybgtan;

'bsbat, 'bybat

burden 'bydn; ES 'bsdn, 'bydn;

'by-, ba-

|-d -t

'by-

-bbo, -bjig

]-ing -dnig,

bsk, byk;

bsl, byl; |-ed -d

Burleson 'bylisn;

buprestid bja'prestid, biu-

burberry 'by, ben, -ban;

ES

burl byl;

'bsgan-, 'bygan-

burlap 'bylaep;

buoy bai, 'bu-i |-ed -d

buoyancy 'baiansi, 'bujan-

burble 'bybl;

ES

burke, B- byk;

'bAnjan, -jin

Buonaparte 'bonajport; ES
(Fr bqana'part, bwan-)

ba'gain
'bs-, 'by-

ES

-s-,

-y-

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |aiigry 'feg-gn
baO (10) |ah a [far far |watch watj, wotj" (12) [jaw dsa jgorge gards |go go

burrow
burrow 'byo,

ES

-a;

'bar-, 'bAr-, 'bs'-; |-ed -d

ES 'bsrawig, 'bAr-, 'by-az; ES 'bar-, 'bAr-, 'by-;

burrowing 'bs'awig;

Burrows 'byoz,
|-'s

buy

63

ES

'butJV^byd;

butcherbird

'but/a jbad,

'but/a jbyd

butcher-knife 'but/a' ^naif;

ES

'but/a-; j-ives

-aivz

-iz

ES 'ba-, 'byES 'basa, 'bysa; \-s -z |-sae -si

bursar 'bysa^; ES 'b3S3(r, 'bysaCr; |-y -i
burse bys; ES bas, bys; |-s -iz
burst byst; ES bsst, byst
burstone 'by^ston; ES 'bs-, 'byburthen 'bytJan; ES 'bsSan, 'bySan; |-ed -d
Burton 'bytn; ES 'bstn, 'bytn

burrstone 'by^ston;

Bute

bursa 'bysa;

butler,

bury 'ben buried 'bend

Bury places 'ben, surname 'ben,
burying ground 'benig^graund

bjut, biut

B-

'bAtla^;

butt, B- bAt

ES

'bAtla(r; |-y -i

butted 'bAtid
I

butte, B- bjut, biut

butter 'bAta^;

ES

butter-and-eggs

ES

'bAta(r; |-ed -d

'bAta^n'egz,

'bAtarand'egz;

'bAtan-, 'bAtarand-

ES 'bAtaES 'bAtabutterfingers 'bAta^jfigga^z; ES 'bAta^figgaz

butterfly 'bAta'jflai; ES 'bAta-; -flies -jflaiz

buttercup 'bAta^jkAp;
butterfat 'bAta^jfaet;

'bjuri, 'biu-

bus bAS Ibusses, buses 'bAsiz

busby, B- 'bAzbi

Butterick 'bAtarik, 'bAtnk

Busch buf

butterine 'bAtajrin, -rin

bush

l-flied -;flaid

-IZ

|-'s

buj" Ibushes 'bufiz [bushed buft

bushel 'bufal |-ed -d [-ing 'bujalig, 'bujlig

butterman 'bAta'jinaen, -man; ES 'bAta-;

-men -jinen, -man
Buttermere 'bAta^jnur; ES 'bAta^miaCr, S-iI

bushing 'bu/ig

bushman,

B-,

-men 'bufman

-jmea(r

Bushnell 'bufnal

bushranger 'buf^rendsa';

bushwhack 'bujjhwaek
bushy, B- 'bufi

ES

-jrend3a(r

|-ed -t [-er -a^;

butternut 'bAta^nat, -^nAt;

ES

-a(r

butterscotch

'bAta^'skat/;

'bAta-

ES 'bAtaES 'bAta'skatJ,

-'skntj; |-es -iz ('butter-scotch 'flavor)

Butterwick 'bAtarik, 'bAta^wik;

busily 'bizli, -zih

business 'occupation' 'biznis

business, busy-

ES

buttermilk 'bAta^^milk;

''activity^

ES

'bAtarik,

'bAtawik

|-es -iz

Butterworth 'bAta^wa'O, -jWyO;

'bizinis

ES

'bAtawaG,

-iW36, 'bAtajWyO

businesslike 'biznis^aik

businessman 'biznis,maen |-men -jmen

buttery Hike

Busiris bju'sains, biu-

buttery 'pantry' 'bAtri, 'bAtan

|-'s

-iz

butter'

'bAtan

busk bAsk Ibusked bAskt

buttle 'bAtl |-d -d |-ling 'bAtlig, 'bAtlig

buskin 'bAskin

buttock 'bAtak |buttocked 'bAtakt

|-ed -d

busman, -men 'bAsman

button, B- 'bAtn |-ed -d |-ing 'bAtnig, -tnig

Busra, -rah 'bAsra=vBasra

buttonhole 'bAtn^hol

buss bAS Ibusses 'bAsiz |bussedbAst

buttonhook 'bAtn^huk
buttonwood 'bAtn^wud

bust M,

bAst busted 'bAstid

I

bustard 'bAsta'd;

ES

busticate 'bAsta^ket

'bAstad

buttress 'bAtris

|-d -id

Butts bAts

|-'s

|-d

-d

j-es -iz |-ed -t

-iz

bustle 'bAsl |-d -d |-ling 'bAslig, 'bAslig

butts and bounds 'bAtsn'baundz, -nz

busy 'bizi busied 'bizid

busybody 'bizi^badi; ES-t- -jbodi

buttstock 'bAtjStak, -^stok

busyness 'bizinis

butylene

but unstressed bat, stressed or

butyl

hesit. 'bAt, }i\t

but-and-ben 'bAtn'ben

butane 'bjuten,
butcher 'but/a^;

'but/ang, 'butjrig
|full

'but/aCr;

'bjutjjin, 'biu-

butyric bju'tink, biu-

|-ally -li, -ikli

butyrin 'bjutann, 'biu-

buxom 'bAksam

'biu-, bju'ten, biu-

ES

'bjutil, 'biu-

|-ed

-d |-ing

|-y -i, -tjri

ful |tooth tue [further 'fytJa^;

Buxton 'bAkstan
buy bai bought bat
|

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

[Eden

'idn [cradle 'kred| [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

buzz

Cadillac

64

buzz bAz [buzzes 'Baziz buzzed bAzd

byre bair;

buzzard 'bAza^d;
Buzzard's

by

Bay

ES

ES

'bAza^dz'be;

ES

bai3(r

Byrne byn; ES bsn, byn

'bAzad

stressed 'bai, jbai; zm^/r. bai,

ES

'bAzadz-

bymie

ba

byroad 'bai^rod

by-and-by 'baian'bai, 'baim'bai

Byrom

bye bai

Byron

'byni;

'bsni, 'byni

'bairam
'bairan |-esque jbair3n'8sk

bye-bye n 'baijbai

Byronian bai'ronian

bye-bye

Byronic bai'ranik;

intj 'bai 'bai, 'baijbai

byelaw 'baijb
by-form 'bai^farm; ES -jfaam

ES+-'rDn-;

byssal 'bisl

byname

byssus 'bis3s |byssuses 'bisasiz

'bai,nein |-d -d

ES

'bina^;

Bysshe bij

|-'s

-iz

bystander 'bai^staenda^;

'bin3(r

by-pass 'bai^paes; E+-jpas, -^pas;

|-es

-iz

ES

[-ssi

'bai/paest;

bystreet 'bai^strit

byword 'baijwyd; ES -,w3d, -jwyd

E+-jpast, -jpast

bypath

'bai^paeS; E-H-,pa6, -ipaO; |-ths -Sz

byplay

'baijple

Byzantian bi'zaenjan, -'zaentian

Byzantine bi'zaentin, 'bizn^tain,

-jtin

by-product 'baijpradakt, -dAkt; ES+-jprDd-

Byzantinism bi'zaentin ^izam

Byrd b^d; ES bad, b^d

Byzantium bi'zaenjiam, -'zxntism

C, c

-sai

-jstaendacr

b3rway 'baijwe

l-ed -t

bypast

letter si \pl C's,

cachination jkfeka'nefan

Cs, poss C's siz

cab kaeb

cachou ka'/u, kae'/u {Fr ka'/u)

cabal ka'bael [caballed ka'baeld

cacique ka'sik

cabala, cabbala 'kaebala

cackle 'kaekl J-d -d [-ling 'kaekhg, -klig

cabalistic ^kaeba'kstik

cacodemon ^kaeka'diman

cabaret 'kaebajrtt.'ca/e' jkaeba're {Fr kaba'r)

cacoethes jkaeko'iOiz, -Gis

cabbage 'kaebids

cacogenics jkaeka'dseniks

|-s

-iz |-d -d {Shak.

cabidge)

Cabell 'kjEbl

cabin 'kaebin [cabined 'kaebind

cabinet 'kaebanit -maker -^mek^,

cabinetwork 'kaebanit^wyk;
cable 'kebl

-Ii,

Byronism 'bairanjizam

bygone 'bai^gDn, -jgon, viuch lessfreq. -/gan

bylaw 'baijb

Bynner

|-ally

-ikk

|-d

ES

ES

-3(r

-^wsk, -jwyk

-d -ling 'keblig, 'kebhg

cacophonic jkaeka'fanik; ES-h-'fomk

cacophonous kae'kafanas, ka-; ES+-'kDfcacophony kae'kafani, ka-; ES-h-'kofcactus 'kasktas

j-es -iz [cacti 'kaektai

cad kaed

ES

cablegram 'kebj^graem

cadaver ka'daeva^, ka'deva^;

cabman 'kaebman [cabmen 'kaebmon, -^men

cadaverous ka'daevaras, ka'daevras

cabob ka'bab; ESn-ka'bnb

caddie 'kaedi

caboose ka'bus [cabooses ka'busiz

caddis, -ice 'kaedis |-(e)s -iz |-(e)d

Cabot

cabriolet jkaebria'le, jkaebria'kt {Fr kabrio'k)

caddy 'ksdi
Cade ked

'kaebat

-va(r

-t

cacao ka'keo, ka'kao

cadence 'kedns

cache ka;J caches 'ksefiz [cached kaeft

cadenza ka'denza

cachet kae'/e, 'kaefe {Fr ka'/e)

cadet ka'det

cachexia ka'keksia [cachexy ka'keksi

cadge kiEd3 [cadges 'kaedsiz [cadged kaedsd

cachinate 'kaeka^net [-nated -^netid

Cadillac 'kaedl/aek

Key:

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

bee bi [pity

bad (10) jah a

[far

'piti

(6) [rate ret

far jwatch watj,

|3^et

|-s -iz

{It

|-cy -i [-dent -dnt

ka'dentsa)

]zt [sang saeg [angry 'ag-gri

wotj (12) [jaw dsa

[gorge gards [go go

Cadiz

Callahan

65

Cadiz Spain 'kediz,

'kediz

PI

'kadis,

{Sp

-iziz, -isiz

|-'s

'kaediz.

calcareous kael'kenas, -'kaer-, -'ker-

Calchas 'kaelkas |Calchas's 'kaelkasiz

'katJiO)

Cadman 'kaedman

calcify 'kaelsa^fai |calcified 'kaelsa;faid

cadmium 'kfedmism
Cadmus 'kaedmas |Cadmus's 'kaedmasiz
Cadnam 'kaednam cj Puttenham

calcimine 'kaelsajmain, -nun

calcine 'kaelsain,

ES

calcium 'kaelsiam
calculable 'k^elkjalab) |-bly -bh

'kadaCr; mz7.+'kaedn

caduceus ka'djusias, -'diu-, -'du-

Cadwal

|-cei -si^ai

Cadwallader kaed'wabda', -Vol-, -Vol-;

ES

calculator 'kaelkjajleta';

calculus 'kfelkjalas

-d3(r

|-ic

ES

siirg.

-Vbn

si'zerian, -'zaer-, -'zer-

caesium 'siziam

Calderon 'kaldaran {Sp ^kaldeVan)

(/^/-

kafeo'k)

cafeteria ^kaefa'tiria, -ta'ria

calenture

-da(r; [-ed -d
-da(r; ]-ed -d

'kaelan^t/u*,

caffeine, -in 'kafiin, -jin, 'kaefin

Calexico ka'kksijko
calf kaef ;

cahoot ka 'hut

calf's-foot 'kaevzjfut;

-s

Caiaphas 'keaf as,

'kai-

-tja^;

ES

-jtJuaCr,

-t/a(r

cage keds cages 'kedsiz caged kedsd

Caiaphas's

-f asiz

Cain ken

E kaf, kaf, kaef |-'s -s, -vz |-lves -vz

E 'kavz-, 'kavz-, 'kaevz-;
;

'kaevz- is not the plural,

but the older

possessive singular.

cairn kern, kaern;

E kean, ES kaean
US 'kero, 'kero

calfskin 'kaef^skin;

Calgary

Cairo Egypt 'kairo,

Caithness 'keOnes, keG'nes

caitiff 'ketif

'kaf-, 'kaf-, 'kaef-

'kaelgari

Calhoun ka'hun, kiel'bun

caisson 'kesn
|-'s

Caliban 'kaelajbaen

-iz

caliber, -bre 'kaelaba';

caitiffs 'ketifs

Caius 'keas, Cambridge

ES

-an
Acadian

calibration jkaela'brefan

Cajun, -jan, -jen 'kedsan

calico 'kaela^ko

see

'kaelabaCr; |-(e)d -d

cahbrate 'kaelajbret |-brated -jbretid

college kiz

cajole ka'dsol cajoled ka'dsold |-ry

cake kek leaked kekt |caky 'keki

Cahcut

calabash 'kasla^bas/ calabashes 'kaelajbaefiz

California jkaela'farnja, esp.

calaboose 'kaebjbus, ^kaela'bus

|-s

'kaelis ;

France

'kiela^kAt, 'kaelakat

{mod.

Fr ka'k)-^-^ Shaks. 'Callis, 'Callice. "^

town which once sent members to the English
Parliament has a right to an English name."
John Sargeaunt. See 122.

cahper

'kaelapa^;

caliph 'kehf,

ES

'kalapa(r; |-ed -d

caUsthenics jkaelas'Oeniks

caUx 'keliks |calices 'kaehjsiz

calk kak calked kakt
|

call kal Icalled kald j-er -a';

calash ka'laej |calashes ka'laefiz |-ed

calla 'kaela

ful |tooth tue Ifurther 'fytSa^;

ES

'kaelif |-ate 'kaela^'fet, -fit

calamitous ka'laematas |calamity ka'laemati

|-'s

-nia;

Caligula ka'ligjula

'kaelis, 'kaele

Calaveras jkaelaVtras, -'veras

NEngd

-'faan-

-iz

Calabria ka'lebria |-brian -brian

|full

-n

|-n

calendula ka'kndsala, -dsula

cafe-au-lait ka'fe-o'Ie, jkaefio'le

US

ES
ES

calendar 'kaelanda-, 'kaelin-;

'kadwel

loc.

calends 'kaelandz, 'kaelindz, -nz

|-1 -1

cafe ka'fe, kae'fe

Calais

caldron 'kaldran |-ed -d

calender 'kaelanda^, 'kaelin-;

caesura si'sura, si'zjura, -'ziura

|-s

-Jai

Caleb 'kelab, 'kehb

Caledonia jkaela'donia, -'donja

'siz3(r

Caesarea jsesa'ria, jsez- |-rean

Caesarean, -ian

-Jeta(r
|-li

Caldwell 'kaldwtl, 'kaldwal, Yks

Caen 'kean, 'kan {Fr ka)

'siza^;

ES

j-es -iz

Calcutta kael'kAtd

Jcaeca 'sika

Caedmon 'kaedman |-ian kaed'monian

kaed'manik; ES+-'mDnik
Caesar

calculate 'kaelkjajet |-lated -Jetid

calculation jkaelkja'le/an

'kaedwal, -wdI, -wdI

caecum 'sikam

-d

|-d

-d

|-d

calcite 'kaelsait |calcitic kael'sitik

Cadogan ka'dAgan
cadre 'kada^;

-sm

-t

-a(r

Callahan 'kaelajhaen

-iz

ES

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau |toy

|using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij [vision 'visan |Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

canal

66

Callao

VS

Callao Peru ka'jao,

{Am Sp

'kaelijO

Callaway 'kaela^we

{Am Sp

Calles 'kajes

Cambridge 'kembrids

ES

-faCr; |-pliy

-h

Cambyses km'baisiz

calligraphic ^kaela'graefik

Camden 'kaemdan

calling 'kalig

came

Calliope ka'IaiSjpi, -pi |Kallyope 'kaeli/op

camel 'kaeml

ES

past of come

kem

ES

callosity ka'lasati, kae-;

callow 'kaelo, 'kaela

|-er

Camembert 'ktemam^ber,

-t

'kaebwa^;

ES

-W3(r;

|-li

-jbaeaCr; {Fr

-ybaer;

|-ed -d

Cameroon jkaema'run

'kaelajiiiEl

Camilla ka'mila

calorie, -y 'kaelari |-rific ^kaelaVifik

Camille ka'mil {Fr

ES -t3(r
Calphurnia kael'fynia, -nja; ES -'fsn-, -'fynCalpumia kael'pynia, -nja; ES -'psn-, -'pyn-

Camillo ka'milo
camisole 'kaemajSol

calumet, C- 'kaelju^mEt, -mit, -mat, ^kaelju-

camomile 'kaem3;mail

calorimeter jkaeb'rimata';

ka'iiii:j)

Camoens 'kaemo,nz [Camoens's 'kaemo^enziz

calumniation ka/lAmm'e/an
-jtori;

-itori

calumny 'kaebmni
'kaelvari

'kavz-,

'kavz-,

'kaevz-

Calvin 'kaelvin |-ism -^izam

Calvinistic jkaelva'nistik

|-ist -ist

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

calx kaelks |calxes 'kaelksiz calces 'kaelsiz

|

Calydon 'kaela^dan; ES+-jdDn

Calydonian jkaela'donian, -'donjan
Calypso ka'lipso
calyx 'keliks,

'kael- |-es -iz [calyces 'kaelajsiz

cam kaem cammed kaemd

Campaspe

-^ri

{Fr kamara-

'dri)

camarilla jkaema'rila {Sp kama'riXa)

camber 'kaemba^; ES 'kaembaCr;

|-ed -d

cambium 'kaembiam, 'kaembjam

Cambodia kaem'bodia, kaem'bodja

|-s

-z

[-li -II

kaem'paespi

Campbell 'kaeml, 'kaembl |-ite

Campeius kaem'pias [-'s -iz
campfire 'kaemp^fair;

ES

-^ait

-;faia(r

camphene 'kajmfin, kaem 'fin

camphor 'kaemfa^, 'kaempfa^; ES

-f3(r

campstool 'kaemp^stul

Campton 'k^emptan
campus 'kaempas [campuses 'kaempasiz
can

camaraderie jkama'radari,

n, v kaen

[canned kaend

can aux. v stressed 'kten, ^kaen; unsfr. kan, kn,

kg (jaikg'go)
Cana 'kena
Canaan 'kenan [Canaanite 'ken3n,ait
Canada 'kaenada [-dian ka'nedian
canaille ks'nel {Fr ka'na:j)

Cambria 'kaembria [Cambrian 'kaembrian

Canajoharie jkaenadso'haeri

cambric 'kembrik

canal ka'nael [-nailed, -naled -'naeld

Key:

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gri
bad (10) |ah a [far far [watch watj, wotj (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

-iz [-d -d

camp kaemp [camped kaempt

Campagna kam'panja, kaem- {It kam'pajijia)
campaign kaem'pen [campaigned ksm'pend
Campania ka;m'peni3
campanile jkaempa'nili

kav, kav, kaev; |-d -d

'kaevz^fut;

[-s

{Fr kamu'flars)

|-d -id

calumniatory ka'lAmniSjtori,

-jbeafr,

[-roons -'runz

camouflage 'kaema^flas, 'kaemu-

'met

calumniate ka'lAmnijet

kama'bEir)

cameo 'kaemijO, 'kasmjo |-ed -d

camera 'kaemara |-s -z |-rae -^ri
Cameron 'kaemaran, 'kmr3n

-lai |-ed -t

E kam, kam;

ES

caloric ka'brik, ka'Iarik, -'lor-

calves-foot

E+

Camelot 'kaemajat; ES+-jDt

ES+-'Ids-

|-est 'kaelawist

callus 'kaelas |-es -iz

calve kiev;

-jpa:d,

-;pa:d

callous 'kaelas |-es -iz |-ed

Calvary

[-ses' -siz

camelopard ka'mela/pard;

CalUsto ka'listo

calomel 'kaelamj,

kaemz,

camellia ka'meba, -'milia, -Ija

'kaelapafr; |-ed -d

callisthenics jkaelas'GEniks

calm kam;

-iz [-shire -jjir, -/a^;

ksembz

'kajes)

calligrapher ka'Iigrafa^;

calliper 'kaebpa^;

|-'s

ES -Ji3(r, -/3(r
Cambs short for Cambridgeshire

ka'jao)

cantor

67

canalization
canalization kajnaela'zefan, ^kasnla-, -ai'zcanalize ka'naelaiz, 'kaenl^aiz

|-s -iz |-d

-d

Canal Zone ka'naelizon

Canandaigua ^kaenan'degwa

cannoneer ^kaenan'ir;
cannot formal

Emph.

colloq. ^kasnat, kae'nat,

canny 'kaem

Canberra 'kasnbara

canon 'kaenan

cancel 'kaensl |-ed -d |-ing -slig, -sbg

caiion 'kaenjan |-ed -d

canoe ka'nu
j-ed

cancellation jkaensl'e/an

Canon City

canoness 'kaenanis

ES

'kaensa^;

^kaens3(r;

|Cancri

-d

'kaenjan'siti
|-es -iz

canonic ka'namk; ES+-'nDn-;

|-al -1 [-ally -}i.

-ikb

'kaeokrai

cancerous 'kaensaras, ^kaensras

candelabrum jkaendl'ebram
candent 'kaendant

canonicity jkaenan'isati
-z |-bra -bra

|-s

Candida 'kaendida
candidate 'kaenda^det, -dit |-dacy -dasi

Candide kan'did, kaen- {Fr ka'did)

Candish 'kaendij |-'s -iz = Cavendish

ka'nassa)

-d |-ling 'kaendlig, -dlig

canst stressed ^kaenst, jkaenst; unstr. kanst

candlelight 'kaendljait, 'kaendl^art

cant kaent [canted 'kaentid

Candlemas 'kaendlmas

can't kaent;

|-es -iz

ES

E kant, kant, kaent

Cantabrigian jkaenta'bridsian

candlestick 'kaendl^stik

candor 'kaenda^;

-d

|-s -iz |-d

Canonsburg 'kaenanz^byg ES -^bag, -jbyg

Canopic ka'nopik
Canopus ka'nopas |-'s -iz |Canopi ka'nopai
canopy 'kaenapi [canopied 'kaenapid
Canossa ka'nasa, ka'nosa, ka'nasa {It

candid 'kaendid, ^kaendad

|-d

canonization jkaenana'ze/an, -ai'z-

canonize 'kaenan^aiz

candescent kaen'desnt |-scence -sns

candle kaendl

cantaloupe, -lope 'kaentI,op, mainly Brit -^up

'kasndaCr

candy 'kaendi [candied 'kaendid

cantankerous kaen'taegkaras, -kras

candytuft 'kaendi^tAft

cantata kaen'tata, kan-,

cane ken leaned kend

canteen kaen'tin

canescent ka'nesnt |canescence ka'nesns

Canidius ka'nidias

Canterbury

ES 'kaenist3(r
ES 'kaegka(r; |-ed

canister 'kaenista^;

canker 'kaegka^;

ES

canter 'kaenta^;

-'taeta

'kaenta(r;

'kaenta-;

-d |-ing

'kaegkarig, -krig

'kaenta^^beri,

In

is lost

by

dissimilation {121).
canticle 'kaentikl

cantilever 'kaentljeva^, 'kaentljiva' ;

cankerworm 'kaegka'jwym; ES 'kaegka^wsm.

cantle 'kaenti |-d -d

-kajwym

ES

-va(r

canto 'kaento

canna 'kaina
Cannae 'kaeni {mod.

canton n 'kaentan, -tan, kaen'tan;

It

Canne 'kanne)

canton

cannel 'kasnl

ES+-Dn

v 'divide' 'kaentan, k^en^tan;

ES+-Dn;

'quarter troops' kaen'tan, -'ton, -'tun;

ES

'kaen3(r; |-y 'kaenari

Cannes kaen, kaenz {Fr kan)

|-'s

kaenz, 'kaenziz

cannibal 'kaenabi |cannibalism 'kaenabljzam

canning, C- 'kaemg

cannon, C- 'kaenan

|-ed

cannonade ^kaenan'ed

-d [-ry

Canton China kaen'tan; ES+-'tDn;

US

'ksen-

tan, 'kaentn

-'ton-;

-'tun-,

ES+ -'ton-

-n

cantor 'kaentar,

|-d -id

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

ES+

-'tnn; [-ed -d

Cantonese jkaentan'iz
cantonment kaen'tanmant,

cannikin 'kaenskin

|full

ES

'kaenta-r

the second pron.

cankerous 'kaegkaras, 'kaegkras

'kaena^;

-d [-ing

|-ed

'kaentarig, 'kaentrig

-iz

|-'s

canine 'kenain, ka^nam

canner

ka'nat

is can't.

ES+-Dt

ka'nat, kse^nat, 'kaen^nat;

cancellous 'kaensalas

C-

S+

^kaenan'iaCr,

The usual familiar form

'kaenat.

canape 'kaenapi {Fr kana'pe)

canard ka'nard; ES ka'nard; {Fr kaW:r)
canary, C- ka'neri, ka'nen

cancer,

ES

-'3(r

ES

-ta^;

ES

'kaentaaCr, -ta(r

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi3an

[Eden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em

'kipip


Canuck

carbineer

68

Words below in which a before r (farm) is sounded a are often pronounced in E with a (fa:m)
Words below that have ae before r (carry 'kaeri) are often pronounced in N with e ('kEri, 94)

Canuck ka'nAk
Canute ka'nut, ka'niut, ks'njut

capriccio ka'prit/ijO {It ka'pritt/o)

capriccioso kajprit/i'Dso {It kaprit'tJo:so)

canvas 'kaenvas canvases 'kaenvasiz

|-ed -t

caprice ka'pris |caprjces ka'prisiz

canvasback 'kaenvas^baek

capricious ka'pri/as,

canva,ss 'kaenvas |-es -iz |-ed -t

Capricorn 'kaeprijkarn;

ES

canyon, C- 'kaenjan |canyoned 'kaenjand

Capron

caoutchouc 'kut/uk, kau'tjuk

capsize kaep'saiz

cap kasp capped kaept

capstan 'kaepstan

'kepa^n;

ES

'kaiprijkaan

'kepan; c/ apron

|-s -iz |-d

capability jkepa'bilati

capsular 'kaepsala^, -sjula^;

capable 'kepabj capably 'kepabli

capsule 'kaepsj, 'kpsjul

caprice

ofteji -'pri/-, c/

-d

ES

-la(r

-d

|-d

capacious ka'pe/as

captain 'kaeptin, 'kaeptan, 'kptn |-cy

capacitance ka'paesatans

caption 'kaep/an |-ed -d |-tious -/as

capacitate ka'paesa^tet |-tated -^tetid

[-ity -ati

captivate 'kaepta^vet [captivated 'kaeptajvetid

cap and gown 'kaepan'gaun, 'kaepm'gaun

captive 'kaeptiv

cap-a-pie ^kaepa'pi

captor

caparison ka'paerasn |-ed -d

capture

cape kep

Capua

cape

icrit

'kepi

Cape Breton
Capel.

-11

'kep'britn, -'bretn, loc. ka'britn

-d |-vity kaep'tivati

|-d

ES 'kaepta(r
'kaeptJb^; ES 'kaept/a(r;

'kaepta^;

Capuchin 'kaepjujt/in, -j/in

Capucius ka'pju/as, -'piu- |-'s

Capella ka'pela

capybara ^kaepi'bara

Capen 'kepan
Cape of Good Hope 'kepav'gudjhop

car kar;

ES

-d

-iz

ES

ES

ka:(r; [-red -d

carabao jkara'bao

'kep3(r; |-ed -d

capercaillie jkaepa^'kelji;

carabineer, -nier jkaeraba'nir;

jkaepa-; |-cailzie

-'psn-, -'pyn-

'kepit, 'kaepit {Fr ka'pe)

ES

-'nia(r,

S-t-

-'nea(r

Caracas ka'rakas

-'kelji, -'kelzi

Capernaum ka'pyniam; ES
Capet

|-d

'kaepjua {It 'kapwa)

Capulet 'kaepja,kt, 'kaepjaht

'kaepl, 'kepi

caper 'kepa^;

-si

]-'s

-iz

{Sp ka'rakas)

carack 'kaerak
caracole 'kaerajkol |-col -jkal, -jkol

Capetian ka'pijan

Caractacus ka'rktakas

Cape Town, Capetown 'kep'taun, -^taun

Caradoc 'kaera^dak, ka'radak; ES+-jdDk; =

Cradock; geol. ka'raedak

Caphis 'kef IS
capias 'kepias
capillary

|-'s -iz

carafe ka'raef ; E+-'raf, -'raf

|-es -iz

'kaepljEn;

Brit

ka'pilari;

[-aritj^

caramel 'kseraml
'karml

jkaepj'aerati

capital 'kajpatj |-ly

-i

|-ism -^izam

|-ist -ist

|-s

-iz |-d -d

-d

|-ed

hi many

places

is often heard.

caramelize 'kaeramljaiz

carapace 'kaerajpes

capitalization jksepatla'zejan, -ai'zcapitalize 'ka^patj^aiz

-iz

|-'s

|-s

|-s

-iz |-d -d

-iz |-d -t

carat 'kaerat

capitate 'kaepajtet |-d -id |-tion jkaepa'te/an

caravan 'kaerajvaen

Capitol, c- 'kaepatl |-ine -jam

caravanserai jkaera'vaensajrai, -jte |-sary

capitular ka'pit/al*;

ES

-l3(r; |-lary -jlcri

|-ed -d

capitulate ka'pit/ajet |-lated -jletid

caraway 'kaerajwe

capitulation kajpitja'le/an

carbazole 'korbajzol;

capon 'kepan, 'kepan; ES+-pDn

carbide 'karbaid, -bid;

Cappadocia jk^epa'dofia, -/a |-n -n

capper, C- 'kaepa^; ES 'kajpad

carbine 'karbain;
carbineer

Capri 'kapri

'ka:-;

ES

'ka:b-

[-zol

-jzal,

ES

jkarba'nir;

'ka-.bain

ES

jka:ba'nia(r,

S-i-

-'na(r

See in full 3^7.

|bath baeO;

ES

-jZdI

capote ka'pot

Key:

-ri

caravel, -elle 'kaerajvel

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

jfar

'piti

(6) |rate ret

far |watch watj,

Ij^et

jet |sang saeo jangrA^ 'aeg-gri

wot/ (12) |jaw d33 |gorge gards

|go

go

carbinol

69

carl in

Words below in which a before r (farm) is sounded a are often pronounced in E with a (farm)
Words below that have ae before r (carry 'kaen) are often pronounced in N with e ('ken, 94)

ES

carbinol 'karb3,nol;

ES

carbolated 'karbajetid;

ES

carbolic kar'balik;

carbolize

cardiacal kar'daiakl;

'kaiba-

ES

carbohydrate jkarbo'haidret;

Cardiff 'kardif ;

jka:bo-

ES

'kaiba-;

S^; ES

-Jir,
-iz

|-s

ka'daiakl

ES

carbon, C- 'karban, -ban;

ES

cardinal, C- 'kardnal, -dnal;

'ka:ban, -bon,

-ban

l-d-d

ES

carboy 'karbai;

ES

ES

ES

jka:ba-

ka:'baksil, -'boksil

carbuncle 'karbAijkl;

ES

carburator 'karba^ret*, -bja-;

carburet 'karba^ret, -bja-;

ES

|-d

care ker, kaer;

ES

kar'daitis

ES

ES

careful

'kerfal,

'ka:b-, -ta(r

ES

-bja-;

caretaker 'ker^teka^, 'kaer-;

ES

ES

'ka:b-;

'ker^worn,

Carey 'ken,
'kaeri;

'ke:ri,

Some

ES 'ka:kaES 'karkas; |-es

carf karf ;

ES

ES

-iz

'ka:jfEa(r,

ES

|-al -1

ES

-^faeaCr

'kai^ha:!

|-s

-z

'kaerikatja',

see

Carib

ES

-it/ur;

-t/afr,

-jt/ua(r; |-d -d |-rist -ist

caries 'keriz, 'ke-, -n^iz

|-ta -ta

ES ka:d; |-ed -id

cardamom, -mum 'kardamam; ES
card kard;

carillon 'kaerajlan, -Jnn, -Ian, ka'riljan |-ed -d

'ka:da-;

1-mon -man

{Fr kari'jo)

Carinthia ka'rinGia

cardboard 'kard^bord, -jbard;

ES

'kard^boad,

E+-jb3ad

jnas)

ES

'ka:di-

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fytSa^;

ES

|-n

-n

cariole 'kaen^ol, -pi

cark kark;

ES 'ka:d-; |-s -iz

Cardenas 'kardi^nas; ES 'ka:d-; {Sp 'kartSe-

cardcase 'kard^kes;

|full

Carey

Caribbean ^kaera'bian, ka'nbian

caricature
-z

'ken,

|-an -an

caribou, C- 'kaera^bu

ka-, 'ka:s-

'kaeri;

'kargo

carcinogen kar'sinadsan, -djin, 'karsana-;

|-s

lofiger e.

Caribian 'Cariba?i' ka'nbian

cardiac 'kardi^aek;

ES

ka:f

cargo 'kargo;

Carib 'kaerib

'ken,

Carchemish 'karkajnu/; ES 'ka:k-

^karsa-;

-^warn;

'kaer-,

Caribbee, -ibee 'kaerajbi

ES

'keajteka(r,

speakers distinguish

Carhart 'kar^hart;

-d

l-ed -t

ES

'kaea-t

ka'ru, -'riu, 'keru, 'ke-, -riu, -ri

careworn

from Kerry by a

jkarb-

carcajou 'karka^dsu, -;3u;

carcinoma jkarsa'noma;

ES

caret 'kaerat, 'kerat

carfare 'kar^fer, -jfaer;

carcass, -case 'karkas;

'kea-,

'keajwoan, 'kaea-, -^waan; S 'kaea^woan

'ka:b-, -ta(r

|-s -IZ |-d

E 'kea-, ES 'kaeaE 'kea-, ES 'kaea-;

'kaer-;

l-ly -I

jka:b-

carburetor, -ttor 'karbajteta^, -bja^reta';

'karba^raiz,

kaea(r; |-d -d

kaVia(r, S+-'rea(r; [-ed -d

carefree 'kEt/fri, 'kaer-;

'ka:b-; j-ed -id

carburetion jkarbaVe/an, -bja-;

ES

kea(r,

ES

career ka'rir;

Carew

-d

'ka:b-; |-d -id

carburation ykarba'refan, -bja-;

E+

'kaea-

'kaibAgkj;

ES

l-ly-i

careen ka'rin [careened ka'rind

'ka:bai; |-ed -d

carburate 'korbajret, -bja-;

'ka:d-

'ka:dia-,

caress ka'res [caresses ka'resiz |-ed

'ka:ba-

carborundum, C- jkarba'rAndam;
carboxyl kar'baksil;

ES
ES

Cardozo kar'dozo; ES kar'dozo

careless 'kerbs, 'kaer-;

carbonyl 'karba^nil;

-shire

-jgraf, -igraf

carditis kar'daitis;

ES ^kaibacarbonate n 'karbamt, -^net; ES 'kaibacarbonate v 'karba^net; ES 'kaiba-; |-d -id

Carbondale 'karban^del; ES 'kaibancarbonic kar'banik; ES kar'banik, -'bonik
carboniferous jkarba'nifaras; ES ^karbacarbonize 'karban^aiz; ES 'ka:ban-; |-s -iz
carbonaceous jkarba'nej'as;

'ka:di-;

-jXia(r, -/a(r

cardiograph 'kardiaigraef;

l-d-d

carburize

ES

'ka:dif

Cardigan, c- 'kardigan;

'kaiba-

kaz'bahk, -'bnbk

'karba^laiz;

ES

ES

ka:k; |-ed

-t

ES ka:l
Carleton 'karltan; ES 'ka:lCarlile kar'lail, ka^-; ES kai'lail,
carlin, -e 'karbn; ES 'ka:bn
carl, -e,

C- karl;

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz jdish dif [vision 'vi3an

ka-

hau

[toy tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm


Carteret

70

car-line

Words below in which a before r (farm) is sounded a are often pronounced in E with a (fa:m)
Words below that have ae before r (carrj' 'kaeri) are often pronounced in N with ('keri, 94)
car-line 'karjlain;

ES

carouse ka'rauz

'ka:-

ES 'ka:ho
Carlisle kar'lail, ka^-; ES kai'lail, kaCarlotta kar'lata; ES kai'lata, -'lota
Carlovingian jkarb'vindsian; ES jkaibCarlsbad 'karlzbaed; ES 'ka:lzbaed
Carlsruhe 'karlzrua; ES 'ka:lzrua
Carlton 'karltan; ES 'kailtan
Carlyle kar'lail, ka^-; ES ka:Uail, kacarmagnole jkarman'jol; ES ,ka:-;{Fr karmaca.rlmg naut. 'karlig;

Carman 'karman; ES 'kaiman

Carmarthen

ES

ka^'marSan;

|-shire -;Xir

S^' ES

ka^maitJan;

ka:p; |-ed

ES

Carpathian kor'peOian, -6jan;

carpel 'karpl;

ES

ES
ES

'jka:ni-;

|-n

-n (It

ES

-ta(r; |-ed

-d j-ing -tarig, -trig |-try -tn

ES

'ka:pit; |-ed -id

|-ger -3^;

ES

ES

ES

'ka:pit-; 1-ged -d

-a(r

ES

'kazpas;

|-es -iz ]-pi

-pai

ka:(r

(It kar'raira)

carraway 'kaera^we
Carrel ka'rel
carrettina jkara'tina (It jkarret'ti:na)

carriage

'kaerids

'vehicle'

-iz;

|-s

freight

charge' 'kaeriids

ES

carrier 'kaeria^;

'kaeria(r

Carrington 'kaerigtan
carriole 'kaeri^ol, -pi

carrion 'kaerian

Sp

Carrizo kaVizo (Atn

ka'rriso)

carrot 'kaerat |-ed -id

Carruthers ka'rA'Sa'z;

'karnavl

ES

ka'nivara

ES

carry

'ka:najVoa(r,

ES

carnivorous kar'nivaras;

carryall 'kaeri,3l

Carson 'karsn;

ka'nivaras

name 'karnat, -not; ES 'ka:nat.

Fr name kar'no; ES ka:'no

carob 'kaerab

Carstairs,

\-s

see

6 S. Carolina

Caroline 'kaerajain, -lin

ES

ES

'karsterz,

blanche

-id |-age -ids |-ful

ES

carter,

carotid ka'ratid; ES+-'rDtid

Carteret
'piti

jka:ta-

ES

C-

'ka:t-;

ka:-

'karta^;

(6) jrate ret [yet jet |sang saeg [angry

far [watch wat/,

\pl

'ka:ts-; (Fr kart'bla:]")

ES 'ka:-,
ES 'ka:ta(r
'kartarit; ES 'ka:ta-

cartel 'kartl, kar'ttl;

bee bi |pity

ES

'kart'blanj;

Carolinian jkaera'hnian

|far

-staerz;

ka:t

cartes 'karts-;

baO (10) jah a

ka-

ES -staeaz
ES ka:t; j-ed

carom 'kaeram jcaromed 'kaeramd

ES

'ka:sn

-stares

carte kart;
carte

Carolingian jkaera'hndsian

in full 3-47.

-iz

= cariole, carriole

Cartagena jkartaMsina;

-d

N.

|-'s

-,ful

-iz |-d -t

'kaeral, kaerl |-ed

Carolina jkaera'laina

-'rAtiaz;

'ka:staz,

cart kart;

caroche ka'rotj, -'roj

ES

'kaeri [carried 'kaerid

Carshalton ka^'/altn;

E+-jvaa(r

jbath baeO;

ES jkarpES 'ka:p-,

carronade ^kaera'ned

kar'niljan

carnivore 'karnajvor, -iVar;

Key: See

-'ter-;

Carroll 'kaeral |-ton -tan

Carnivora kar'nivara;

C-

'ka:pl; |-lary -,en

carrousel jkaera'zd, ,kaeru-

carnival 'karnavl;

Am

ka'peO-

carpenter, C- 'karpanta^, 'karpmta^;

Carrara ka'rara

kar'nja:la)

-not, -not,

ES

'ka:pi-

carrack 'kaerak

('Car.negie 'Hall)

Carniola jkarni'ola;

ES

Carpentaria ^karpan'tEria,

Carr kar;

ES 'karmaikl
carminative kar'minativ; ES ka'mmativ
carmine 'karmin, -mam; ES 'ka:m-; |-d -d
carnage 'karnids; ES 'ka:n-; |-s -iz |-d -d
carnal 'karnj; ES 'ka:nl; |-ly -i
Carnarvon ka-'narvan; ES ka'naivan; |-shire
-Jir, -JV; ES -Jia(r, -/a(r
Carnatic kar'naetik; ES ka:'naetik
carnation kar'nejan; ES ka:'ne/an; |-ed -d
Carnegie karWgi, ka^-; ES kar'negi, ka-;
carnelian kar'niljan;

-t

'ka:pl

carpe diem 'karpi'daiem;

carpus 'karpas;

-JiaCr, -f^it

Carmichael 'karmaikl;

carol,

carpal 'karpl;

carpetbag 'karpit^baeg

Carmel 'karml; ES 'ka:mj; Cat Car'mel

Carmen 'karman; ES 'kaiman
Carmi 'karmai; ES 'karmai

Carnot

ES

carp karp;

carpet 'karpit;

Vbl)

-iz |-d -d |-sal -]

|-s

carousel jkaera^zel, /kaeru-

wot/ (12) [jaw dsa

'ag-gn

[gorge gards [go go

before r (farm) is

Words below in which a

sounded a are often pronounced in

ES kar'tisan
Carthage 'karGids; ES \a-MAy, |-'s -iz
Carthaginian jkarGa'dsmian; ES jkaiGaCarthusian kar'ejusan, -'Oiu-; ES ka:Cartier jkarti'e, kar'tje; ES ika:-, ka:-;
Cartesian kar'tisan;

ES

'ka:t-;

ES

cartle 'kartl;

ES

jka:t-

ES

'ka:t3-.

E+

ES

ka-,

-Hog-;

kar'tagrafa^,
-fi

ES

cartographic jkorta'graefik;
-1 l-ally

jka:t3-;

1-al

-h, -ikh

ES

-'zan, -'zyn

cash-and-carry 'kae/an'kaen

cartoon kar'tun;

cashbook 'kaef^buk

cashboy 'kaefjbai
cashew ka'/u, -'/lu,
cashier n,

ES

carton, C- 'kartn, -tan;

ES

'ka:t-, -ton

ka:'tun; |-ed -d

cartouche, -ch kar'tuj;

ES

j-ist -ISt
- IZ

kar'tuj"; |-s

'kaef-

ES

kae'/ir;

cashmere

cashoo ka'Xu = catechu

Caruso ka'ruso

casino, C- ka'sino

ka'ru:zo)

Caruthers ka'tASa^z;

ES

ka:v;

ES

kaVAcJaz;

|-d

-d \arch. pptc -n -an

|-'s - IZ

carvel 'karvl

ES

'k:ri,

see note at

Carey

-'mia(r

casimere, -mire 'kaesajinir, 'kaeza-;

Casimir 'kaesajinir;

ES

\-s

-jmia(r

casing 'kesig
[-s

-z |-ni -ni

cask kaesk; E-t-kask, kask; |-ed

casket

'kaeskit;

'kaes-,

-t

much

less freq.

Caspar, -per 'kaespa^;

ES

'kaespa(r

casque 'kaesk [casqued 'kaeskt |-quet 'kaeskit

-z J-es -jiz

Cass kaes [Cass's 'kaesiz

Casabianca jkaesabi'aegka

(//

jkasa'bjagka)

cassaba ka'saba

Casablanca jkasa'blagka, jkaesa'blaeoka

Cassandra ka'saendra

Casanova jkaeza'nova {It ,kasa'nD:va)

Casaubon ka'saban (Fr kazo'bo)
Casca 'kaeskd

cassation kae'se/an

cascade, C- kaes'ked |-caded -'kedid

casserole 'kaesajrol [-d -d

cascara kaes'kera, -'kera {Sp 'kaskara)

Cassia 'kaejia [cassia 'kae/a

cascarilla jkaeska'nla

Cassiepeia jkaesia'pia

cascaron jkaeska'ron

(Am Sp

cassava ka'sava
Cassel,

jkaska'ron)

Casco 'kaesko

-11

'kaesl

Cassil 'kaesl

cassimere 'kaesajinir; ES-jmia(r

leases 'kesiz [cased kest

cassino ka'sino

casease 'kesi,es

Cassio 'kaejijo, 'kaejjo

caseate 'kesi^et |-d -id

Cassiopeia, -pea jkaesia'pia [-n -n

casefy 'kesa^fai

Cassius 'kae/as, 'kaejias

|-fied -jfaid

caseharden 'kes^hardn, -'hardn;

ES

-jha:dn.

ful [tooth tu9 [further 'fytJa^;

cassock 'ksesak |-ed

[-'s

-iz

-t

cassowary 'kaesa^wen

-'ha:dn; |-ed -d |-ing -dnig, -dnig

[full

ES

-jmia(r

Caspian 'kaespian

casaba ka'saba

C- kes

-mia(r

Caslon 'kaezlan

'kaivan

'ken, 'kaeri; S 'ken, 'kaeri;

caryatid jkaen'aetid

case,

S-i--'J*a(r;

'kas-, 'kas-; [-ed -id

carven 'karvan;

Cary 'ken,

ES

cloth 'kaefmir;

Cashmere India kae/'mir; ES

ES 'kaitrids; |-s -iz

cart-track 'kart^traek; ES 'ka:tcartulary 'kart/ujlen ES 'kait/ujkn
cartwright, C- 'kart^rait; ES 'ka:t(7/

-'/laCr,

[-ed -d ('cashjier 'Jones)

cartridge 'kortrids;

carve karv;

|-ed -id

caseose 'kesi^os [caseous 'kesias

cashaw ka'Ja

-jgraf, -,graf

|-phy

casement, C- 'kesmant

casha 'kaeja

^ka:t3-

ES

'kartajgraef;

cartographer

case-knife 'kes^naif, -'naif |-ives -aivz

casemate 'kes^met [-mated -jinetid

cash kaef [cashes 'kae/iz [cashed kaejt

'ka:tl

cartogram 'kartajgraem;
cartograph

with a (fa:m)

Casey 'kesi. III 'kezi

caseworm 'kes^wym; ES -^wsm, -^wym

[-s -iz

cartilaginous jkartl'aedsanas;

casein 'kesiin

casern, -e ka'zyn;

{Fr kar'tje)
cartilage 'kortlids;

-f3(r;

cassowary

71

Cartesian

ES

'fs'Sa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz Idish dij [vision 'visan

tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

caterpillar

72

cast
cast kaest;

ES+kast, kast

Castalia kaes'telia

|-n

catalysis ka'taebsis |-yses -a^siz

catalyst 'kaetlist j-lytic ^kaetl'itik

-n

-iz \-d -d

Castanet ,ksest3^mt

catalyze 'kaetl^aiz

castaway 'kaesta^we; E+'kast-, 'kastcaste kaest; E+kast, kast

catamaran /kfetama'raen
catamount 'kaet3,maunt
Catania ka'tenia, -nja (It ka'tamja)

castellan 'kaestabn

catapult 'kaet3,pAlt j-ed -id

castellate 'kaesta Jet |-d -id

caster 'kaesta-;

ES

|-s

E+'kas-, %as-

'kaest3(r,

ES

Casterbridge 'kaest^^brids;

%aesta-;

cataract 'kseta^riekt |-ed -id

|-'s

-IZ

catarrh ka 'tar;
|-al -a! 1-ally

ES

ka'taUr, E+-'ta:(r; ]-ed -d

-ak

castigate 'kaestajget |-d -id

Catasauqua jkaeta'sakwa

castigation jkaesta'gejaii

catastasis ka't^estasis |-tases -ta^siz

Castile kaes'til ('Cas^tile 'soap),

NY

kaes'tail

ES

cast-iron adj 'kaest'aia^n;

'kaest'ai-an,

E+

'kast-, 'kast-; ('cast-jiron 'pipe)

C-

castle,

E+'kasl,

'kaesl;

|-ling 'kaeslig,

Castlereagh

castor,

C-

|-d

-d

'kaeshg

ka'taba

Catawissa jkaeta'wisa

'kasl-;

ES

-jbsd, -jbyd

catboat 'kaet^bot
catcall 'k^tjkol |-ed -d

'kaest pf, -jof;

ES

c-

E+'kast-, 'kast-

'kaest3(r,

catch kaetj, not infreq. ket/

E+'kas-, 'kas-

catcher

casual 'kaesual, 'kaejul

catchpenny 'kaet/,pni

|-ly -i j-ty -ti

ES

'kaetla-, 'kst/a^;

casuist 'kaesuist 1-ry -ri

catchpole, -poll 'kietjjpol

casuistic jkaesu'istik

catchup

|-al -1 |-ally -Ii, -ikli

caught kat

-tJaCr

|-d,

-ed -d

'kiet/ap, 'kEtJap

catchword 'kaet/jwyd;

belli 'kesas'belai

|-es -iz

catchall 'k^tjpl

castrate 'kaestret |-d -id

casus

ES

-jwsd, -jwyd

Caswell 'kaezwal, -wtl

cate ket |cates kets

cat kaet |catted 'kaetid

catechesis ^kaeta'kisis |-cheses -'kisiz

catabolism ka'taebjjizam

catechetical jkaeta'ketikl

catachresis ^kaeta'krisis |-chreses -'krisiz

catechism 'kaetajkizam

catachrestic jkaeta'krestik

|-al

|-ally

-I

-li.

-ikh

cataclysm 'kaetayklizam

|-ly -i

|-chist -kist

catechistic jkaeta'kistik

|-al -1 |-alh' -li, -ikli

catechize 'kaeta^kaiz

-iz |-d -d

|-s

catechu 'kaetajtju

cataclinal jkaeta'klainl
|-al

cataclysmic jkaets'klizmik

jkaeta'kliznij

|-ally -li, -ikli

catechumen jkaeta'kjuman,
-jCt |-ism

-'kiu-

|-al -1 |-ate

-jizam

catacomb 'kaeta^kom
catacumbal jkaeta'kAmbl

categorical jkaeta'garikl, -'gar-, -'gor- |-ly

catafalque 'kaeta^faelk

catena ka'tina

Catahoula jkaeta'hub

catenate

Catalan 'kaetjan,

cater 'keta^;

'kaetljaen

'kaetajkaanad

was

catalepsy 'kaetljcpsi
Catalina, c- jkaetl'ina

-z j-nae -ni

j-r}- -ri

'ket3(r; 1-ed -d j-ing 'ketarig.

lost

'kaetajkarna^d,

\-n

[-d,

-n

catalpa, C- ka'taelpa, occas. ka'tolpa

See in full 3-47.

-ged -d

ES
^

the first

by dissimilation (121).

caterer 'ketara^;

ES

Caterina /kaeta'rina
caterpillar

'kjcty-;

In 'kastajkariud

cater-cousin 'keta^jkAzn;

catalogue, -log 'kaetlpg, -^ag, -^ng

ES

catercornered

catalepsis jkaetl'Epsis |-leptic -'eptik

|bath basG;

|-s

'kaetrijet j-d -id

'ketrig

catalectic jkaetl'ektik

Key:

-i

category 'kaetajgori, -/gari; S -;gori

catalase 'kaetl/es

Catalonia jkaetl'onia

J-al

-ikh

catbird 'kastjbs^d;

E+'kasl-,

'kaesljre;

'kaesta^;

-1 l-ally -li,

Catawba,

'kasl;

acci + J Castle 'r eagh

castoff

catastrophe ka'taestrafi
catastrophic ^kaeta'strafik; ES+-'strDf-;

Castilian kaes'tiljan, -lian

ES

'keta-

'ketaraCr
(// jkate'ri:na)

'kaetajpila^,

'kaeta^-;

ES

'kaeta-

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr>- 'aeg-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far [watch watj, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa jgorge gards |go go


caterwaul
iPil3(r; 1-ed
lost

Cavell

73

In \xi^ ipiisf- the first

-d

2f-

was

caterwaul 'kaeta^jwal;

ES

cat's-paw 'kaetS/pD

catsup 'kaetsap, 'kstjap

hy dissimilation {121).
'kaeta-; j-ed -d

cattail 'kaetjtel

Catesby 'ketsbi

Cattaraugus jkaetaVogas

catfall 'kaet,f3l

Cattegat

catfish 'ksetjfij

|-'s

cattish 'kaetij |catty 'kaeti

Catharine 'kaeGrin, 'kaeGsrin

ES

ka'Gartik;

cathartic

cattle 'kaetl |-less 'kaetjlis

ES

Catullus ka'tAlas

E+-'Oa:s-

-'Oais-,

E+-'ea:t-;

-'ea:t-,

Cathcart

|-'s

-iz

Caucasia kD'kesa, -^keja

kae'Oe

'kaeOka^t, -kart;

ES

-kat, -ka:t,

E+

Caucasian

ko'kejan,

-'kejon,

-^kaesan

-'kaejan

-ka:t

cathead 'kaet^hed

Caucasus 'kokasas

|-ed -id

cathedra ka'Oidra, 'kaeGidra

caucus 'kakas

cathedral ka'Oidral

caudal 'kadi

Cather

-iz

|-'s

Catulus 'kaet/abs

catwalk 'kaetjwak

l-al -1 l-ally -li, -ikli

Cathay ka'Oe,

-iz

Cattellka'tel, kae-

-iz

catgut 'kaetjgAt ('kaetgat 'strig)

catharsis ka'Oarsis;

|-'s

'kaeti^gaet, jkaeti'gaet

'kaeSa-;

ES

Catherine 'kaeOnn, 'kaeOarin

Catherwood 'kaeOa^jWud; ES
catheter 'kaeeata^;

Cathleen

ES

-sas

|-ly -i

caudate 'kadet

'kjae'SaCr

|-sus'

[-es -iz 1-ed -t

\-A -id

caudicle 'kadikl

Caudine 'kadain

'kaeOa-

caudle 'kadi

'kaeOataCr

Caudle

'kaeelin

|-d

-d

|-ling 'kadlig, -dlig

'kadi, cf Caldwell

caught kat

cathode 'kaeGod
cathodic ka'Oadik; ES+-'eDd-;

|-al -1

|-ally

caul kal

cauldron 'kaldran |-ed -d

-h. -ikh

ES

cat -hole 'kaet^hol

cauUfiower 'kala^flaua^;

cathoHc, C- 'kaeeahk, 'kaeGlik

caulk kak caulked kakt

Catholicism, C- ka'OabjSizam; ES+-'6nl-

causal 'kazl

catholicity jkaeGa'lisati

causation ka'ze/an causative 'kazativ

catholicize ka'GabjSaiz;

-jflau-a(r

j-ly -i |-ity ka'zaelati

]

ES+-'Gd1-;

|-s

-iz

cause kaz causes 'kaziz caused kazd

]

causerie jkoza'ri {Fr koz'ri)

l-d-d
catholicon ka'Gabkan; ES+-'GdI-

causeway 'kaz^we |-wayed -jwed

Catihne

causey 'kazi

'kaetljain

|-ed -d

cation 'kaetjaian

caustic 'kastik |-ly

catkin 'kaetkin

cautel 'katl

Catlettsburg 'kaetlits^s'g;

ES

-^bsg, -jbyg

-li |-al -1 |-ally -li

cauterization jkatara'ze/an, -ai'z-

catmint 'kaetjmmt

cauterize 'kata^raiz

catnip 'kaetnip, -nap

caution 'ka/an j-ed -d |-ing 'kajanig, -Jnig

Cato 'keto

cautionary 'kajanjcri

|-s

-iz |-d -d j-tery -ri

cat-o'-nine-tails jkaeta^nainjtelz, jkaetn'ain-

cautious 'ka/as

Catoosa ka'tusa

cavalcade jkaevl'ked |-caded -'kedid

catoptric ka'taptrik; ES+-^tDp-;

|-s

-s J-al -1

cavatina jkaeva'tina

cat-rigged 'kaet^rigd

Catron ka'tran;

cavaher, C- jkasva'lir;

ES + -'trDn

-'lia(r, S4--'Iea(r

cat's-ear 'kaetsjir;

ES

-ji3(r,

-man

{It ,kava'ti:na)

cave, C- kev |caved kevd

caveat 'kevi^aet

cat's-cradle 'kaets^kredl

S+-j83(r

caveat emptor 'kevijaet'smptar;

cat's-eye 'kaets^ai

cave-in 'kevjin

Catskill 'kaets.kil

Cavell, Edith 'kaevl

|full

ES

cavalry 'kaevlri -man, -men

l-ally -h, -ikli

ful Itooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa';

ES

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'visan

[Eden

-taa(r

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


Cavendish
Cavendish,
'kiendij

Candish

c-,

|-'s

-are

-ja:(r;

'kaevandi/,

Celia

loc.+

ES

'kaevan; |-ed -d |-ous -as

jkaevi'ar,

ES

'kaevijor;

in Shak.

'silia

celibate 'selabit, -jbet 1-bacy -basi

Celina saUaina

-'a:(r,

Hamlet caviary, probably pron.

ift

'silja,

celiac 'silijaek

-iz

cavern 'kaeva^n;
caviar,

centenarian

74

cell sel Icelled

jkaevi'jen

cellar 'sela^;

cavie 'kevi

seld

ES

'sla(r; j-ed

cellarage 'selarids

cavil 'kaevl, -vil |-ed -d j-ing 'kaevlig,

-vhg

ES

cellarer 'selara^;

Cavite kaVite, ka-

'slara(r

Cellini t/e'lini {It tjel'litni)

cavity 'kaevati |cavitied 'kaevatid

cellist, 'cellist 'tjElist

ES -Vaat; |-ed -id

Cavour kaVur; ES -Vu3(r; {It kaVu:r)

cello, 'cello 'tjelo |-s -z

cavort kaVart;

|-li -i

cellophane, C- 'selajfen |-d -d

ES

cavy 'kevi

cellular 'seljala^;

caw ka cawed kad

Cawdor 'kada^; ES

cellulate 'selja^let |-d -id

-'par.

-'pur;

ES

celluloid,

E+-'p33(r

Caxton 'kaekstan
cay ke, ki, in West

C-

'seljajlaid, 'sela-

cellulose 'seljajlos

Celsius 'selsias
celt selt

isls.

Cayuse,

-iz |-d -t |-lous -las

Celotex, c- 'sela^teks

Itidies usually ki

cayman 'keman caymans 'kemanz

kai'man

Cayuga ke'uga,

j-s

Celoron 'selajran, -jjnm

cayenne, C- kai'en, ke'en ('cay^enne 'pepper)

Cayman

'seljala(r

cellule 'sel Jul

'kadaCr

Cawnpore, -pur kan'por,

-'po3(r, -^pu3(r,

-d

-ii

\-s

Celt selt

-iz

j-'s

|-ist -ist

Celtic 'seltik |-ally -h, -ikli

-'juga, ki'uga, 'kjuga

Celticism 'seltajSizam

c- kai'jus, -'jius

|-cist -sist

Cazenovia jkaeza'novia

cement sa'mEnt

cease sis [ceases 'sisiz ceased sist

cementation jsiman'tejan, jseman-

Cebu se'bu
Cecil

Md

|-ed -id

cemetery 'semajteri, 'semitn

co. 'sisl, -sil, pers.

name

Cenci 'tjntji

'sisl/sEsl,

{It 'tjEiitJi)

Cenis sa'ni

-sil

Cecilia si'silja, -'silia, -'silja

cenobite 'sena.bait, 'sin-

Cecily 'sesli,

cenotaph

'sisji

cedar

ES

'sida^;

'sena,taef

Cenozoic ^sina'zoak, jsena-

Cecropia si'kropia
'sida(r; j-ed

cense sens [censes 'sensiz [censed senst

-d

ES
ES

cede sid ceded 'sidid

censer 'sensa^;

cedilla si'dila

censor 'sensa^;

Cedric 'ssdrik, 'sidrik

censorial stn'sorial, -'sar-; S -'sor-

cee

'sensaCr
'sensa(r; |-ed -d

censorious sen'sorias, -'sar-; S -'sor-

si

ES

ceil sil |ceiled sild |ceiling 'silig

censorship 'sensa'yj'ip;

celandine 'selan^dain

censurability jSEn/ara'bilati

'sensa-

Celebes 'sela^biz, sa'libiz

censurable 'senjarabl |-bly -bli

celebrant 'selabrant

censure 'senja^;

celebrate 'sela,bret j-brated -jbretid

ES

'senja(r;

celebration js^la^brefan

census 'sensas

celebrity sa'kbrati

cent snt [cental 'sentl

celerity sa'krati

centaur 'sentar;

celery 'selari

Centaurus, c- sen'taras

celesta sa'lesta
celeste,

C-

celestial,

Key:

|-es -iz |-ed -t [-sus'

ES

[-ring

-sas

'sntaa(r
\ge7i

b" pi

-ri

-rai

-iz

centavo sen'tavo
centenarian jSnta'nrian,

sa'lestfal ]-ly -i

See in full 3^7.

Ibath baeO;

l-'s

sa'lest

C-

-d

j-d

'sEn/arig, 'sen/rig

bee bi jpity

ba6 (10) [ah a

[far

^piti (6)

-Wr-

1-ism -jizam

[rate ret jyet Jt [sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj, wnt/ (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

centenary
centenary ^SEnta^nEn, SEnUenari, mainly Brit
centennial sen^tenisl, -njal
-tre

ES

'senta';

[-ly -i

'sentaCr;

-d

|-(e)d

|-(r)ing 'sentarig, 'sentrig

centerboard, -tre-

ES

cephalous 'sEfalas

'sEnta^^pis;

'sEfalas

-iz

|-'s

'senta'faiaCr;

Cephas 'sifas |-'s -iz

Cepheus 'sifjus, 'sifias

ES

ceramic sa'raeinik

('center-jfire 'shell)

-tre-

cephalothorax jSEfala'Oorseks, -'6ar-; S -'6or-;

Cephalus

ES

center-fire, -tre- 'senta^'fair;

centerpiece,

'senta-;

-iz

j-'s

-s

|-s

cerate 'siret

|-s -iz

centesimal sen'tesaml

Cerberus 's^baras;

|-ly -i

centesimo sen'tEsajmo

ES

centiar 'sEntijor;

cere sir;

E -i3(r, ES

-mme

'sEntajgraem

ES

cerebral 'sErabral

'ssb-, 'syb-;

ES

'sEntajinita';

ES

-'belaCr

|-s

-z j-la -la

|-ly -i

cerebrospinal jSErabro'spainl

-jmit3(r;

{Fr sati'mEtr)

cerebrum 'sErabram

-z |-bra -bra

1-s

ES

cerecloth 'sir^kbO, -jkloO;

centimeter-gram-second,

ES

'sEnta^mita^-

-tre-

cerement 'sirmant;

-jinita-

'sia-; j-ths -tJz,

-es

ES

'siamant

centimo 'sEntajino

ceremonial jSEra'monial, -njal

centipede 'sEntajpid

ceremonious jSEra'monias, -njas

ES

centistere 'sEntajStir;

ES

Ceres

'siriz, 'siriz |-res' -riz

Cereus, c- 'sirias,

-'hv3(r, -'liv-

ES

'sEntn3(r; {Ger 'tsEntnar)

cento 'sEnto

cerif, -iph 'srif

-i

|-ism -jizam

|-ist -ist

j-es -iz

Cerimon 'sEri,man, -^mon

Centralia SEn'trelia, -Ija

cerise sa'riz, -'ris

centrality SEn'traelati

cerium 'siriam

centralize 'sEntral^aiz
centric 'sEntrik

|-s

-iz |-d -d

j-al -j |ally -li,

centrifugal SEn'trifjugl |-ly

centripetal SEn'tripatl

certain 'sytn, -in, -an;

-ikh

certes 'sytiz;

j-s -iz

l-bly

j-ly -i

ES

's3t-, 'syt-

sa^'tifakit;

certificate v sa^'tifajket;

'sEntra^sfir;

ES

-jsfia(r,

S+

-jsfEa(r

-'gaado

'sst-, 'ss^t-; j-ty -ti

ES

'ssta-;

'ssta-,

-bh

certificate

'sEntrist

centrosphere

ES

ES

'syta/faiabl;

certifiable

-i

centrifuge 'sEntra^fjuds, -jfiuds

j-s -iz

Cerro Gordo 'sEro'gardo;

centralization jSEntrala'zeJan, -ai'z-

centuple

'si-

= serif

Cerigo 'tjEri/go {It 'tjE:rijgo)

central 'sEntral |-ly

C-

|-ly -i

ceremony 'sEra^moni

-jsti3(r

Centlivre SEnt'liv*, -Hiva^;

centner 'sEntna^;

-iz

[-'s

-d

cerebration iSEra'breJan

centime 'santlm, san'tim {Fr sa'tim)

'graem'sEkand ;

|-d

cerebrate 'sEra^bret j-brated -^bretid

-t3(r

centillion SEn'tiljan

-tre

ES

S+SEa(r;

cerebellum ^sEra'bElam

centiliter, -tre 'sEntljita^;

centimeter,

sia(r,

cerebellar jSEra'bEla^;

-^aeaCr

centigrade 'sEnta^gred

centigram,

ES

cereal 'sirial

-ja:(r

centiare 'sEntijEt, -jaer;

centrist,

-n

|-n

|-es -IZ

-^bord;

'senta^jbord,

E+-jb33d

'senta^boad,

Cephalonia jSEfa'lonia, -nja

cephalopod 'sEfala^pad; ES+-jpDd

Cephalopoda ^SEfa'lapada; ES+-'1dp-

sen'tinsri

center,

certitude

75

certification

ES sa'tifES sa-; |-d

'certifying^

-id

jsytafa'ke/an;

ES

sa^^tifa'ke/an;

ES

jssta-, jsyta-

'sEntupj,

-'tju- |-d

-tju-,

SEn'tupl,

-d 1-ling -plig, -plig

-'tiu-,

certification

'certificating^

sa-

ES

centurial SEn'tjurial, -'tiunal, -'tor-

certify 'syta^fai;

centurion SEn'tjurian, -'tiurian, -'tur-

certiorari ,s3j"ia'rEri, -'reri;

een tury 'sEntJari

certitude 'syta^tjud, -^tiud; -^tud;

|-ried -d

cephalic sa'faelik, seIfuU ful [tooth tu6 [further 'fy'Sa';

'sata-, 'syta-; |-fied -^faid

ES

^ss/i-, jsy/i-

ES

'sst-,

'syt-

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi5an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

cerulean

Champlin

76

cerulean saVulisn, -'riulian, -Ijan

chainwork 't/en^wyk;

cerumen sa'ruman, -'riuman

chair tjer, tjaer;

ceruse 'sirus, sa'rus

chairman

Cervantes

ES

sa^'vaentiz;

sa-; |-tes' -tiz {Sp

|-men

-jwak, -^wyk

ES 'ssv-, 'ss^vcervix 's^viks; ES 'ssv-, 'syv-; |-es

|cervices sa^'vaisiz; ES saCesar 'sezar; ES 'seza:(r, E+-za:(r;

-man

Chalcedon 'kaelsidan, -jdan, -^don

chalcedony kael'sedni, 'kselsajdoiu

[Fr

chalcid 'kaelsid

c-, -ian surg.

-Vbn

chalcographic jkaelka'graefik

si'zerian, -'zaer-,

zer-

Chaldaic kael'de-ik

cessation se'sejan

Chaldea

cession 'sE^an

chaldron 't/aldran

cesspit 'sesjpit

chalet /iene, '/ah (Fr /a'k)

Chalfont Bucks

cestode 'sestod

chalice 't/aelis

'tjaelfant, loc. 'tjafant

|-s -iz |-d -t

chalk tjak chalked tjakt

[-es -iz

cesura si'jura, si'zjura, -'ziura

challenge 't/aehnds, -ands

|-1 -1

Cetacea si'te/a |cetacean si'te/an

chaUis, -Hie Ifaeh

Cetus

Chalmers

'sitas \gen Ceti 'sitai

cevitamic jsivai'taemik

Ceylon si'Ian; ES+-'lDn;

l-'s

|-ese ^sila'niz

Ceyx 'silks |-'s -iz

Cezanne si'zaMi {Fr se'zan)
^compare'

'si'ef,

kan'fy;

ES

-'f3(r, -'fy

chabouk, -buk 'tjabuk

ES

-'fard;

-'foad.

't/aelma^z, 't/am-, 't/om-;

cham dial. '/ am' t/aem

cham 'khan'' kaem
chamade /a 'mad
chamber 'tJemW; ES

-az;

|-ed

-d |-ing

ES 'tJembaraCr
ES 't/embaChamberlain, -lin 'tjemba^bn; ES 'tjembachambermaid 'tjemba^jmed; ES 't/emba-

ES

chamois,

'tXefa(r; |-y -i

'tjiefi, 't/efi

chaffer

'tjaefa^;

ES

'tJaefaCr;

-d

|-ed

-ing

'tjjefi, 'tjefi

'tjaef jfintj" |-es -iz

Chagres 'tjagres
chagrin Ja 'grin |-ed -d
Falls

'Jaemi

champ tfaemp champed

|

"

tjaempt

champac, -pak 'tjaempak, 'tjAmpAk

'tjaefarig, 'tjaefrig

chaffinch 'tJae^fintX,

-mmy

chamomile 'kaema^mail
Chamonix, -mouny '/aemani (Fr Jamu';

chaff t/aef ; E+t/af, t^af ; j-ed -t

Chaffee

|-ed -d |-ing

'tjaemfarig, 'tjaemfrig

'tjefi, 'tja^fi

/a'grin'falz,

/oc.

+ 'Jug rin-.

champagne Jaem'pen j-d -d

Champagne Jaem'pen {Fr Ja'paji)
champaign Jaem'pen, 'tjaempen
Champaign III Jaem'pen
champerty 'tjaempa'ti; ES 'tjampati
champion, C- 'tjaempian

Ifaegrin|

chain-stitch 'tjen^stitj |-es -iz ]-ed

in full 347.

-t

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

|-ed -d |-ship -Ji;)

Champlain Jaem'plen
Champlin 'tjaemphn

chain tjen chained tjend

-ba(r;

chameleon ka'mUian, -Ijan

chamfer 't/aemfa^; ES 'tJaemfaCr;

chafe tjef chafed tjeft

|bath baeO;

ES

-IZ

chambray 'Jaembre

Chadron '/aedran
Chaeronea jktra'nia

Key: See

-d

chamberlain 'tjemb^lin;

E+-'faad

Chagrin

-iz |-d

chamberer 'tjembara^;

Chad tjied, t/ad

Chadds Ford 'tjiedz'ford,

Chaffey

|-s

'tjembarig, 'tjembrig

Chaco 't/ako

chafer 'tjefa-;

]-al -1

kael'dia |-n -n |-dee kael'di, 'kaeldi

cesspool 'sesjpul

C- 'sEstas

|-al -1

chalcopyrite jkaelka'pairait, -'pir-

cesium 'siziam

Chafee

ES

't/ea-,

chalcography kael'kagrafi, -'kog-

Cesarea ^SEsaVb, jsez- l-rean

cf.

j-ship -^/ip

chaise longue '/ez'lagg, -'Ingg (/^r/eiz'log)

-iz

se'za:r)

cestus,

tXaa(r; |-ed -d

'tJaer-;

chaise /ez |chaises '/eziz Ichaisedjezd

Ger'JJantes)

cervical 'syvikl;

Cesarean,

'tjErman,

't/aea-;

ES

E tjeacr, ES

'piti

(6) |rate ret [yet jet Isang saeg jangrj' 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj,

wotj (12)

]j'avv

dsa |gorge gards

|go

go

Champs

Elysees

Words below

Champs

a are

in which a before r (farm) is sounded

Elysees Fr /azeli'ze

chapfalien 'tJaep^Dlan,

-iz |-d -t

j-s

chancel 'tjaensl; E+'tJan-, 't/an't/aensalari,

E+'t/an-,

-slari;

chaplet

ES

chancellor, C- 't/aensala^, -sla';

E+

-laCr,

ES

-slz-;

-bz-, E+'tJan-, 't/an-

chandelier j/sendl'ir;

ES

chandler, C- 'tjaendla-;

-'i3(r,

ES

-dl3(r,

-d
|-ed

E+'t/an-,

j-'s

|-ing

-iz

ES

tXa:(r; |-red -d

ES

|-al -1

-ally -li, -ikli

characterization jkaeriktra'zeXsn, -ak-, -tara-,

-d

-ai'z-

characterize

changeling 'tjendskg

Channing

-d

|-ed

changeable 'tjendsabl j-bly -bh

't/aenl

-t3(r;

-tang, -trig

characteristic jkaerikta'ristik, jkaerak-

changeabiHty jt/endsa'bibti

Chang Kai-shek

|-ing

charabanc 'Jaerajbaegk, -jbaeg (Fr /ara'ba)

character 'kaerikta^, -ok-;

|-d

-d

Chapultepec tJa'pAltajpek (Sp t/ajpuIte'pEk)

char tjor;

'tjan-

'kaerak-

'kaeriktajraiz,

|-s

-iz

l-d-d

charactery 'kaeriktari, -ak-,

't/ag'kai'/ek, 't/aeg-

charcoal 'tjor^kol;

'tjaenig

chantey, -ty

'Jsenti, 'tjaen-;

chanticleer

't/aentijkhr;

chard tjard;

ES

ES

'tjai^kol; j-ed -d

t/ard

Chardon '/ardn; ES 'Ja:dn

E+-an-, -an-

ES

-tri

charade /a 'red

[channeled 'tjaenld

chanson '/aensan, -san, -son (Fr Ja'so)

chant tjaent; E+tJant, tjant; |-ed -id
-jkli3(r,

chare t/er, t/aer;

S+

charge t/ards;

ES

tXEa(r,

tjards;

ES
|-s

t/aeaCr; |-d -d

-iz \-d -d |-able

-abl l-bly -bh

-jkl3(r

charge

Chantilly Va, France jxnhiXi (Fr/ati'ji)

chantress 't/aentris; E+'t/ant-, 't/ant-;

|-es

d'affaires

Jar'sedae'fer,

ES

Ja:'3edae'fa(r,

-'faea(r;

-'faer;

charges

\pl

-'sez- (Fr Jarseda'fEir)

-IZ

chantry, C- 't/aentri; E+'tJant-, 'tjant-

Chanute

tja'nut, jD'nut

chaos 'keas; ES+'kens;

charily 'tjerah, 'tjaer-, 'tjer-, -ih; S 't/aer-,

't/er-

chariness 't/Erinis,

|-es -iz

chaotic ke'atik; ES+-'Dtik;

]-al -1 |-ally -]i,

'fellow', 'crack' t/aep

chap

'jaiv'

t/aep

|chapped

tj"aept

cf chop 'jaw'

chaparajos jt/apa'rahos

't/aerig-;

't/aer-,

'tjaerig'kras, 'tJer-, -'kros;

('Charing jCross 'Road)

charioteer ^t/aeriat'ir;

ES

-'ia(r,

S+-'a(r

charitable 't/aeratabl |-bly -bk

chaparreras, -pareras jtjapa'reras

Chariton 'Jeratn,

chapbook 't/aepjbuk

charity 't/aerati

chape tjep

'/aer-;

charivari /ajriva'ri,
|-x, -s

'tJer-;

chariot 'tjaeriat |-ed -id

|-rejos -'rehos

chaparral jt/aepa'rael

chapeau /ae'po

'tJaer-,

'tjer-

Charing Cross

-ikh

chap

-z (Fr /a'po)

chapel, C- 't/aepl |-ed -d |-ing 't/aeplig, -plig

chaperajos jtjapa'rohos
|full

-iz |-d
-t3(r;

|-s

ES

'tjaepta^;

'tjaeptarig, -trig

'tj"an-

Chandos 'tjfendas, 'Jaen-; ES+-dDs;

Chandragupta jtjAndra'gupta
Changchun 'tjag'tjun

channel

't/aepl

chappie, -ppy 'tjaepi

chapter

S+-'E3(r

change t/ends [changes 't/endsiz

chopf alien

-man

'tjaepman |-men

c-

chaptalize 'Jaeptl/aiz

chancery 'tjaensari; E+'t/an-, HJanchancre 'Jaegka^; ES IfaegkaCr

chancy, -cey 'tJaensi; E+'tJan-,

cf

'tjaeplin

Chapman,

Chappell, -pple

-Jip

'tJaensala^ZiVil,

-jfaln

'tjaeplit |-ed -id

Chaplin

Chancellorsville

a (fa:m)

chaplain 'tjaepbn |-cy -si |-ship -^/ip

't|an-

'tjan-, 't/an-; [-ship

E with

often pronounced in

chaperon, -one '/aepajron |-ed -d |-age -ids

chance tjaens; E+tJans, tjans;

chancellery

charkha

77

fu! [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa';

j/iva'ri

tite

(121).

Cf shivaree

first

'fstJa

'Jaer-

jXiva'ri,

r is lost

charkha, -ka 'tjArka;

ES

ES

jXari'vari

't/Aika

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

[Eden

In

by dissimilation

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

charlatan

check

Words below in which a

ES

charlatan 'Jarlatn;
|-ry

before

(farm)

-n
^Jaib-;

|-al

-j

ES 'tja:!ES lfa:b-;

Charlecote 't/arlkat, -kot;

Charlemagne

Ifarbjmen;

chassis
(F/-

Jarla'maji)

Charleroi

j/arbVai, 'Xarb^rai;
-roy

Ifa:!-; \Belg -roi,

ES

Charles tjarlz;

ES

iJa:!-,

Jarb'rwa

/^r

tj"a:lz;

|-'s

[-town -/taun

Charlotte/ew. name

ES

'Jaesi, 'Jaesis \pl

'/a:l-,

-jbyg

(Gc;-

ES /a 'latn jbsg,

Jar 'btaiijburk)

ES

ES

ES

lfa:bt-

S+-vl

Ifa:!-,

chastity 'tjaestati

tjaet

chatted

'kaeran,

ES

Chatham

|-ed

-d

|-ing

-tang, -trig

Chatillon Shak. Jae'tiljan {Fr /ati'jo)

Chattanooga

't/aetl |-ed

-jbnks;

ES

E+

'ka:ta-,

ES

ka-,

'tjaeta^tan;

ES

chartographic jkarta'graefik;

Chartres Ifartra, Jort;

ES

ES

;ka:t3-

'Ja:t-, Ja:t;

{Fr

't/asa^;

ES

'tXasa(r; |-ism

'tfafa^;

ES
ES

-jizam

'tj"afa(r

'Xofa(r, Jo'f3(r, -'fy;

-d

l-ed

Chauncey

't/ansi, 'tjonsi, 'tjansi, 'tjaensi

tfant, tjont, tjant |-ed -id

Chautauqua, c-Ja'takwa |-n -n

chauvinism '/ovinjizam |-ist -ist
chauvinistic j/ovi'mstik

/artr)

chartreuse, C-Xar'trsz; ESja:-; (Fr/ar'treiz)

chartulary 'kartjujeri;

ES

'kaitju^leri

charwoman 'tjar^wuman, -jwu-; ES

-men -jWimin, -an

'tja:-;

't/erri,

cheap

tj"ip

't/aeri,

speakers

distinguish

char\'

-ikh

|-ed -t

cheapen 'tjipan

'tjen; S

'tjaeri,

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

chaw t/a [chawed tjad

Chazy '/ezi, /e'zi ('Chazy's 'Landing)

Some

't/aetatan

Chaucerian tja'sirian

chaunt

-fa(r; |-phy -fi

't/eri

't/aetajbaks,

chaulmoogra, -mugra t/al'mugra

chartographer kar'tagrafa', -'tog-;

'tXri,

ES

|-es -iz

chauffeur 'Jbfa^jjo'fy;

'tjaita-

-jgraf, -jgraf

chary

-d

't/aeta^jbaks;

ES

jtXaeta'hut/i

jt/aetn'uga, jtjaeta'nuga

chauffer stove'

'kartajgraef;

{Fr

^/ace^ + 'tjaet-haem,

US

'tjaetam,

Chattahoochee

Chaucer

't/aitaCr;

Charteihouse, c- 'tjarta'jhaus;

chartograph

-^and

Jae'tobriand,

Chattooga tja'tuga

'tja:-

tjart; j-ed -id

ES

-teaux -'toz {Fr Ja'to)

chatelaine '/^etljen (Fr Ja'tkn)

Chatterton

ES

't/aes-

'tjaetid

Chateau-Thierry /a'totb'ri {Fr /atotJE'rl)

chatterbox

'keran

't/arta^;

\pl

Chateaubriand

chattel

'karm-

-'p^"^;

-d

-am

'tja:l-

chamel 'tjarnj; ES 't/ainl

Charon 'keran, 'kaeran, 'keran; S
charpoy, -pai 'tjar'paij

-iz |-d

chatelain 'Jaetljcn (Fr /a'tlS)

charm tjarm; ES t/a:m; j-ed -d |-edly -idb

charmeuse/arWsz; ES Ja:-; (Fr Jar'moiz)
Charmian 't/armian, 'karm-; ES 't/a:m-,

chart tjart;

[-s

/atobri'a)

charlotte russe '/arbtVus, -'ruf;

Charlton 'tjarltan;

'/arbt,

/a-, -'lot

Charlottesville IfarbtSjVil;

chassis 'Jaesiz

]-ed -d j-ing 't/esnii), -snig

chastise tjaes'taiz

chateau /ae'to

US places

'Jarlat,

-'s3(r, -'sy; (Fr/a'soeir)

chaste tJest

chat

Charlottenburg Jar 'latn jbs'g ;

charter

a (fa:m)

'kaezm 1-ed -d

sashay

cf

ES

chasuble 'tjaezjubl,

ES 'tjaili
ES 't/aibk

'tjarh;

charlock 't/orbk;

-'lot-,

less freq.

chastisement 'tjaestizmant, tjaes'taizmant

|-ton -tan

-iz

-d

|-d

chasten 't/esn

Pa

-ie

chasse /ae'se

chasseur Jae'sy,

-ally -li, -ikb

I

Ja-'lat;

chasm 'kaezam, tnuch

chasmal 'kaezml |chasmic ^ksezmik

ES

charlatanic yjarla'taenik;

Charley,

E with

sounded a are often pronounced in

is

|-ism -^izam

'Jatla-;

Cheapside
cheat, C-

|-ed -d |-ing 'tjipanig,

-pnig

't/ip^said, -'said

tjit

cheated

'tjitid

from cherry by a longer e.

Charybdis ka'ribdis |-'s -iz |-dian -dian

Cheatham 'tjitam cf Cheetham, Chetham

Cheboygan /I'baigan

chase, C- tjes |chases 't/esiz jchased tjest

check t/ek checked t/skt |-book -jbuk

Key:

See in full 347.

jbath baeO;

bee bi |pity

ba6 (10) |ah a

[far

'piti

(6) |rate ret [yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg*gri

far |watch watj",

wotj (12) |jaw dsa

|gorge gards |go go

checker

cheval-de-frise

79

checker

ES

'tfek*;

't/tkaCr;

-d

|-ed

|-ing

ES

chemurgic kem'a^dsik;

-hd^-, -^yds-;

l-al -1

'tjEkarig, 'tfekrig

ES

checkerboard 'tjeka^jbord, -^bord;

'tftka-

jboad, E+-jb33d; |-ed -id

chemurgy 'ktms^dsi; ES
Chenango Ji'naeggo

-sdsi, -ydsi

/a 'nil

checkmate 't/ek^met |-mated -^metid

chenille

checkoff UJekpf, -jii

Cheops 'kiaps; ES+'kiops |-'s -iz

Chepstow 'tjepsto
cheque tjek |-r -y-; ES -a(r; j-red -a^d;

checkrein 'tjek^ren

checkroom 'tjek^rum, -jrum

checkrow

't/eda-;

ES

cheek tjik cheeked

Cheraw

cheekily

'tfikli,

tjip

cheer

tjir;

cherish 'tJenX

-ih

Cherith

[cheeped tjipt

ES

tji3(r, S+tJ"E3(r; |-ed

cheerful 'tjirfal;

ES

cheerily 'tjirali,

-ili

'tjia-,

j-ly -i

ES

chert

S+'t/Eali

'tjiziz

't/eri |cherried 'tj"end

ES

tjs^t;

ES

'kssa-, 'ks'sa-

tjst, tjyt

cherub 'tjerab

jcheesed tfizd

\-s,

|-im

-z

-im,

cheesecloth HJizjkbe, -jkloG |-ths

ES

HJ'izjmAijga' ;

-t$z,

-Gs

-jmAggaCr

cheeseparing 'tjiz^perig, -jpaerig; S -jpaerig

cherubic tja'rubik, -'nubik

-1 |-ally -li,

|-al

-ikh

chervonets

tjtr'vanits

\pl

chervontsi tjer-

ES

'tja:-

'vantsi

'tjita

'tjitam

cf

Cherwell 'tjarwal, -wel;

Cheatham

Chesaning 'tjEsnig

chef /f

Chesapeake

chef-d'oeuvre Je'dcevra (Fr J"e'doe:vr)

tjes'pik, jt/esa'pik ('Chesajpeake

'Bay)

'tji'fu

Chesham

Cheke tjik
Chekov 't/ekof, -kof

is

chela 'claw' 'kila chelae

]

Cheshire

^kili

'tjEjam, less frcq. 't/Esam

'tjEjir,

'tMa^;

ES

'tXeXia(r, -/a(r

chess tjES chesses 'iJesiz

chela measure 'kela

chessboard 'tjESjbord, -^bard;

Chelmsford Mass Hfcmzi^d, 'tjElmz-, Engd

'tjelms-, 't/ems-;

ES

-jboad,

E-t-

chessman 'tjESjmaen, -man |-men

ES

Chester, c- 'tjesta^;

Chesterfield 'tjEsta^^fild;

'tjelsi

Chesterton 't/Esta'tan;

chemise /a 'miz

chestnut 'tjEsnat, -^nAt

|-s -iz |-sette

Chester

jJemi'zEt

chestnut-roan

j-ry -ri

'kimaj,

-mnj

'tjesnat'ron

('chestnut^roan

'mare)

-iz
|-'s

'tXsta(r

ES 'tJ"EstaES 'tjEstatan, -tn

White 'tjEsta^'hwait; ES 't/ESta-

Cheltenham 'tjeltnam, 'tjeltnam

chemic 'kenuk j-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikb

\-'s

-man

Chelsea

Chemnitz 'kemnits

-jiUEn,

chest tjESt chested 'tjEstid

-fad

Chelonia ka'loma |chelonian kaUonian

Chemosh

ES

-jbaad

Chelan /a 'laen

chemist 'kenust

'tjE/am

Cf Bentham

sp. pron.

chela 'disciple' 'tjela

chetah

-iz

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

'tjita

Chetham

chemotherapy jkemo'Oerapi
Chemung /I'mAg
|full

'tferjubim

-jubin

-in -in,

cheesecake 'tjiz^kek

Chefoo

'tjerajki, jtfera'ki

cheroot /a 'rut

cherry

'tjiali,

cheese tfiz |cheeses

cheesemonger

|-es -iz |-ed -t

Chersonese, c- 'k3"sa,niz;

cheerly 'tjirh;

Cheetham

{Fr

Ifeabuag;

'kiriO, 'tJiriO

Cherokee

-d

S+'tJea-;

cheerio 't/irijO

cheetah

ES

Iferburg;

Jer'burr)

tfik

cheep

'tjira, tji'ra

Cherbourg

cheekbone 'tXikjbon, -'bon

Cheeke

't/eka-

(boad, E+-jbaad; |-ed -id

'tJedaCr
tjikt

ES

chequerboard 'tXtka^jbord, -^bard;

checkstrap 't/skjStraep

Cheddar

ES -ad;

-ring 't/ekarig, 'tjekrig

't/ek^ro |-ed -d

't/Etam

cf

Cheatham

cheval-de-frise /a 'vaelda 'friz

ES

'fstSa

\pl

-vaux- -'vo-

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi5an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

'em

tai

'kipip

cheval-glass
cheval-glass /aVaeljglaes;

E+-jglas,

-iglas;

chide tjaid \past chid tjid or chided 'tjaidid

chidden 't/idn or chided

\pptc chid t/id or

|-es -iz

ES

chevalier jjeva'hr;

Cheviot

China

80

Hills,

mat.

S+-'lE3(t

'tjaidid

sheep 'tjeviat, 'tfiv-;

jCh-,

Ifev-;

If

-'li3(r,

ch-

vil.

jEviat,

cloth

Chidley

'tj-idli

chief t/if |-tain -tin |-taincy -tinsi

chield tjild Ichiel tJU

't/Eviat

Chevrolet jjEvra'le

chevron 'Jevran

chiffon /i 'fan, -'fon, 'Jifan

|-ed

-d

chiffonier

chevy, C- 't/Evi chevied 'tjevid

chew, C- tju, t/iu

|-ed

ES

jjifa'nir;

chigger

-d

'tjiga^;

ES

chignon 'Jinjan, -jon

Cheyenne /ai'en
Cheyne 't/eni, 't/en
chi G^ letter kai
Chian 'kaisn
Chiang Kai-shek tji'ag'kaiyek,

chigoe 'tjigo

Chihuahua tji'wawa, -'wdwd

J-s

-z

child, C-(e) tjaild |-ed -id \pl see children

childbearing 't/aild^bEng, -jbaerig; S -jbaer-

'tjjag -

ES

childbirth 't/aild^yO;

chiaroscuro ki^ara'skjuro, -'skiuro

{It ikja:-

->yO

-^bsB,

j-ths

-es

ES

Childermas 't/ilda^mas;

ro'sku:ro)

't/ilda-

childhood 'tjaild^hud

chibouk, -que tji'buk, -T)uk

childlike 't/aild,laik

chic Jik, /ik

Chicago Ja'kago, -'kngo, -'kago, /i-, -a

l-ed -d

-gawan
Ji'ken

children
-drin,

-'kend

-caned

|-

canery

't/ildran,

-drin,

ES

-da^n;

-dran.

-dan

Childress 't/aildris

j-'s

-iz

Chile 'tjih l-an -an j-lian -ban {Sp 'tJUe)

-'kenari

Chichen Itza
Chichester

(/^r Ji'jio)

chilblain 't/iljblen |-ed -d

Chianti, c- ki'aenti {It 'kjanti)

chicane

S-t--'nE3(r,

'tJigaCr

chewink t/i'wigk

|-goan

-'ni3(r,

-'nJEaCr

Chili

tJi'tjEiiit'sa

't/itjista^;

ES

US\Sih, iVF

'tjailai

chih, -le 'tjib

HJitJistaCr

Chilkat 'tjilkat

chick tjik

chickadee 'tjikajdi, jtJikaMi

Chilkoot 't/ilkut

Chickahominy jtjika'hamam; ES-i--'hi9mChickamauga jtJika'mDga ('Chicka^ mauga

chill tjil

chilled tjild

chilli 'tjik

Chillicothe .t/ila'kaOi;

'Creek)

Chickasaw

ES+-'knOi;

Chillingworth

't/ikajso

Chickasawhay jtJika'sDwe |-wha -wa

'tXibgwa-O,

-jWyO;

Chickasha 't/ikayjc

Chillon/a'lan, -'Ion, '/ilan {FrfV jo)

chilly 'tJib

-'ha:tid,

'tXikin'hartid,

E+-'ha:tid;

-an- ;

ES

-wa6.

-jwso, -jw^e

chicken 't/ikin, -an

chickenhearted

('ChiUi-

jcothe 'Road)

chickaree 't/ikajri

ES

('chickenjhearted

'hero)

chicken-pox 'tjikiii^paks, -an-; ES-t--iPoks

Chiltern

ES

't/ilta^n;

't/iltan

chimaera ka'nura, kai-

chimb t/aim
Chimborazo jtjimba'rezo,

-'razo

{Am Sp

jt/imbo'raso) |+ J-

Chickering 'tjikang, 't/ikrig

chicle 'tjikl, 'tjikl {Sp 'tjikle)

chime t/aim |chimed t/aimd

chimera ka'mira, kai'mira

Chico 'tjiko

cliimerical ka'mirikl, kai- |-ly

Chicopee

chicory 'tjikari, H/ikri

chimney 'tj"imni chimneyed 't/imnid

chimpanzee jtXimpaen'zi, tjim'paenzi, ,/-, /-

Chicot 'tJiko(Fr/i'ko)

chin t/in jchinned tfind

Chicot Ifiko

China, c- 't/aina [-man, -men

chickweed 'tjikjwid

Key:

'tjika^pi, -pi

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeB;

-i,

-ikli

bee bi |pity

baS (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret

|3^et

JEt |sang sasg

-man
|

angry

'aeg-gri

far |watch watj, wntj" (12) |jaw 650 |gorge gards |go go


chlnaware

choke-full

81

Those words below in which the a sound

chinaware 't/amajwer, -jwaer;

-iWEa(r,

is spelt

ES

-jwaea(r

chit t/it [chitted 't/itid

chinch 't/mtj

chitchat

chinchilla,

C- t/m't/ila

chincough

'tjiiijkaf,

chiton

-tan, -ton

ES

chitter

Chinee

chitterling 't/ita^lig;

Chinese tjai'niz

|-'s

cabbage)

-iz ('Chi^nese

chink tjigk [chinked t/igkt

't/itaCr; j-ed

ES

-d

'tjita-

chivalric '/ivlrik, Ji Vaelrik [-rous 'Jivlras

The

Ifivlri

historical pron. 'tjivlri is

now rare.

Chino- Japanese 'tjamojdsaepa'niz

c- tji'nuk,

'tjita^;

chivalry

chinkapin 'tjigkapin

Chinook,

chive t/aiv

-'nuk

Chivers

chinquapin 'tjigkapin

't/iva^z;

ES

't/ivaz

chlamys 'klemis, 'klaem-

chinse, chintze naut. tfints |-d -t

-iz

|-es

Chloe

Chios 'kaias, -ds

chloral 'kloral, 'kbr-; S 'kloral

chip tjip [chipped tjipt

chlorate 'klorit, 'kbr-, -ret; S 'klor-

Chipewayan ^tJipaVean
Chipewyan jt/ipaVaian
chipmunk 'tJipmAgk
Chippawa 'tjipajwa, -jWd,

chloric 'klorik, 'kbr-; S 'klonk

-rid

-jwe. -wa

chlorin 'klorin, 'klar-; S 'klorin; [-rine -rin,

-rin

Chippenham 'tjipanam

ES

chlorinate 'klori^net, 'kbr-; S 'klor-;

'tJipaCr;

[-ed

-d

|-ing

-wa [-way

't/ipajWa, -jWd, -^we.

ES

'klor a

yfaam, E+'klarachlorophyll, -yl 'kloraifil, 'kbra-; S 'klor a

-iwe

chippy

chloroplast 'klorajplaest, 'kbra-; S 'klora-

't/ipi

chirk tjyk;

chirm,

|-d -id

chlorite 'klorait, 'kbr-; S 'klorait

chloroform 'klor a jf arm, 'kbra-;

'tfiparig, 'tjiprig

Chippewa

'klo'i

chlorid 'klorid, 'kbr-; S 'klorid; [-ride -raid.

Chippendale 't/ipan^del
't/ipa^;

j-mydes

'klaemijdiz

chintz t/ints [chintzes 't/mtsiz

chipper

'tjitiidan

chine t/ain chined t/aind

t/ai'ni

and

't/it^t/aet |-ty -i

'kaitii,

Chittenden

-^kof

o are often pronounced with n in

Chisholm 't/izam [Chisolm 't/izam

Chiswick 't/izik

chincapin 'f/igkapin
|-es -iz

ES

[ed

tjsk, t/yk;

chlorous 'kloras, 'kbr-; S 'kloras

-t

charm tfym, tjarm; ES t/sm, tfym.

tjaim
chirograph ^aira^graef; E+-igraf, -igraf

ES

chirographer kai'ragrafa^, -'rug-;

[-phy

Choate

t/ot

choate adj 'koet

-fa(r;

chock-full 'tj"ak'ful

-fi

chirographic jkaira'graefik

chocolate

|-al -1

Chiron 'kairan, -ron, -ran

chiropody kaiVapadi

chock tjak [chocked tjakt

chockablock 'tjaka'blak

|-dist -dist

chiropracter 'kaira^praekta';

'tjakht,

ES

-jpraekt3(r

chiropractic jkaira'praektik

Chocorua tja'karawa./a-,
Choctaw 'tjakta

ES

choir kwair;

chirr tfy;

choirboy 'kwairjbai;

chirrup 't/irap, 'tjyap; ES+'tJsr-, 'tjAr-

ES -Vsds -'rydjES -'rads -VydsES -'rsds-, Vyds-

chirurgeon kaiVydsan;

-,

chirurgery kai'rydsari;

Chisago

-,

-'kar, -'knr-

kwaia(r; [-ed -d

ES

'kwaia-

choke tjok [choked tjokt; iNEngd+tpik (46)

chokebore 'tjokjbor, -ibar; ES -^boaCr, E+
-jbaaCr; |-d -d

chokecherry ^tJok^tXeri

chokedamp 't/ok^daemp

jtfisa'go

chisel 't/iz} [-ed -d [-ing 'tfizbg,

[full ful

't/ok-;

choice t/ais [choices 't/aisiz

ES tjsp, tjyp; |-ed -t

ES t/3(r, tjy; |-ed -d

chirp t/yp;

chirurgic kai'rydsik;

't/ak-,

-kalit,

'tJak-, 'tjuk-, 't/ak-

zJiO

[tooth tue [further 'fytJa^;

ES

choke-full 't/ok'ful
'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish d^f [vision 'visan [Eden

'idi^

hau

[toy tai

[cradle 'kred| [keep 'era 'kipip

Those words below in which the a sound

dial. '/

chold

chronometric

82

chold

ES

choler 'kala^;

is spelt

name

Christ Jesus kraist, given

'kab(r

ES

choleric 'kalsrik

Christchurch 'kraist ^t/ytj";

cholesterol ka'kstajtol

christcross 'kris^kros, -jkros

Chomley

-mondeley,

-meley,

choose tfuz

-iz

|-s

tjap

'j'aw'

j-s

chose tjoz chosen 'tjozn

]

-s

= chap

krist, kris

-.t/stj, -.tjytj

|-es -iz

christen 'krisn |-ed -d j-ing 'knsnig, -snig

chopf alien 't/apjfDbn,

Christian 'kristjan

Christiana jkristi'aena
Christiania jkristi'ania, kns'tjama

tfap [chopped tjapt

Christianity jkristji'aenati, kris't/aenati

-^foln

Chopin Ifopaen./o'paen (Fr/o'p*)

Christianize 'kristjan^aiz

chopin, -e measure 'tjapin

Christie 'kristi

chopine, -in ^patten' 'tJapin, tjo'pin

Christina

choppy

kns'tina

\-s

('Chrisjtina

-'tin

|-tine

-d

-iz |-d

'Day)

't/api

chopstick 'tjapjstik

Christlike 'kraist Jaik [Christly 'kraistli

chop suey, sooy

Christmas 'krismas

't/ap'sui, -'siui

choral adj 'koral, 'karal; S 'koral

choral, -e

Christendom 'krisndam

'tjAmli

chop
chop

and

Christabel 'kristajbel

cholera 'kabra

Cholmley,

o are often pronounced with n in

crisscross 'kris^kras, -jkrns |-es -iz

would' t/ud

ko'ral, ka-, 'koral, 'kor-; S koVal,

Christopher 'kristafa^;
Christy

'koral

ES

kaad;

chore tjor, tjar;

ES

chromate 'kromet

|-ed -id

tJoaCr,

chorea ko'ria, k3-; S ko'ria;

choreography jkon'agrafi,

E+tX33(r;

'kristafa(r

j-l -1

j-reic

jka-, -'og-;

|-d -id

-d

chromatic kro'maetik

-Viik

chromatin 'kromatin

|-d

S ^ko-

chrome

krom

ES

chromium 'kromiam
chromo 'kromo

choroid 'koroid, 'kor-; S 'kor-

chromolithograph

ES

't/aatl; j-d

kromd

chromed

chorography ko'ragrafi, ka-, -Vog-; S ko-

chorister 'korista', 'kar-, ^kor-;

|-al -1 1-ally -li, -ikli

[chromic

'kromik

choric 'korik, 'kor-, 'kar-, 'kor-

chortle 'tjDrtl;

ES

'kristi

chroma 'kroma

Chorazin koVezin
chord kord;

|-es -iz 1-ed -t

Christmastide 'krismas,taid

|-ly -i

-t3(r

-d j-ling

-tlig,

E+

^kromo'liea^graef;

-jgraf, -,graf

chromosome 'kroma ^som

-thrj

chorus 'koras, 'karas; S 'koras;

|-es -iz j-ed -t

chose past of choose tJoz

chose 'property' Joz choses 'Joziz

ES

chromosphere 'kroma^sfir;

S+

-jsfia(r,

-isfea(r

chronic 'kranik

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

chosen pptc of choose 'tjozri

Chosen 'Korea' H/o'sen

chronicle 'kranikl j-d -d [ling -klig, -klig

chough t/Af

Chronicles 'kraniklz

chouse t/aus

chow tjau
chowchow
chowder

-kla(r

chronographic ^krana'graefik

't/auda^;

Chrestien,

ES

chronograph 'kranajgraef; E+-jgraf, -igraf

-iz

|-s

ES

H/audaCr; j-ed -d

|-ing

-dng

'tjau'inen
-et-,

de Troyes Fr kretjada'trwa

chronologer

ES

kra'naladsa^;

chronologic

^krana'ladsik

|-al

chrismal 'krizml |chrismale knz'meli

chronometric ^krana'mEtrik

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

|-gy

-1

|-ally

-li.

-ikli

chronometer

chrisom 'knzam

-dsaCr;

-dsi l-gist -dsist

chrestomathy kres'tamaOi
chrism 'krizam |-ed -d

Key:

j-al -1 [-ally -li,

-ikh

'tjauitjau

'tjaudarig,

chow mein

chronicler 'kranikla^;

kra'namata';

ES

-'namata(r;

|-try -tri
j-al -1

|-ally -li,

-ikh

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet

baO (10) |ah a |far far |watch watj", wot/ (12)

jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gn

|ja\v

dsa |gorge gards |go go

chronoscope

CIO

83

ES + 'kron-

chronoscope 'kranajskop;

chronoscopic jkrona^skapik

-d

j-s -iz |-d

cicatrize 'sika^traiz

-ikh

|-ally -h,

cicely 'sisli |-hes -liz

chronoscopy kro^naskspi; ES+-'nDS-

Cicely

chrysaUd

Cicero 'sisa^ro |-nian jSisa 'reman

'krislid

cicerone

chrysalis 'krislis |-es -iz [-Hdes kn^saelsidiz

chrysanthemum kris'aenOsmam
Chryseis krai'siis

|-'s

Cid sid {Sp

ES

ES 'saidaES 'saida-;

cider-press 'saida^jprss;

chrysoprase 'krisa^prez

cigar SI 'gar;

Chrysostom ^knsastam, kris'astam,

ES

cilia pi 'silia \sg

chub t/Ab Ichubbed 'tJ"Abid

chubby 'tjAbi Ichubbily 'tjAbli, -di
chuck t/Ak chucked tjAkt

cihary

chuck-full 't/Ak'ful

cilium 'siliam

chuckle 'tjAkl

Cimabue

cihum

'siliam

'sili^eri

ciliate 'sihit, 'sih^et |-ated -iCtid

Cihcia sa'lija, -Jia

-d |-ling 'tjAkhg, -kjig

|-n

-n

jt/ima'bui (7/ jtjima'bure)

Cimarron

chucklehead 'tjAkl^hed
dial. 'I

jSima'ron

'simajron,

ES

chuff t/Af chuffed t/Aft

Cimber

chug tfAg Ichugged t/Agd

cimex 'saimsks |cimices 'simajsiz

ES

cinchona, C- sin'kona

-i

Cincinnati jSinsa'naeti, -'naeta; E-|--'nat-;

Chungking 't/ug'kig
chunk t/Aijk [chunked t/Agkt

ES

C-,

-ti b' -ta

and

t/stj, tjytj"; |-es -iz |-ed-t

'tj3^tXri, -3l;

churchman,

ES

-men

ES

'tjs^tjman;

see

'tJytJVordn,

-jwardn;

ES

't/st/'waadn, 't/yt/'waadn, -jwoadn

churchyard 'tjytjjard;

churn

ES

'tjstjjaid, 'tfa-tf-

E+-ja:d

Cincinnatus jSinsa'netas
cinder

'sinda^;

|-ing

Cinderella jSinda'rela

ES tjsl, t/yl; |-ed -d 1-ish

ES tjsn, t/yn; |-ed -d
ES tjalr, tjy; |-ed -d

cinematography jSinama'tagrafi,

-ij

C- jSina'tEfia, -'rercinerarium jSina'tEriam, -'rer-

Chuzzlewit 'tjAzl^wit

Cinna

chyle kail [chylous ^kailss

cinnabar 'smajbor;

ES

-'tog-

\pl -ria -ria

Cingalese jsigga'liz

chyme kaim |chymous 'kaimas

'siba-;

E+-jgraf,

cineraria,

cinerary 'sinajteri

'sina

cinnamon 'sinaman

ES

-jba:(r,

[-ed

E+-jba:(r

-d

cinque sigk

'sibaCr

ciborium si'boriam, -^bar-; S -'bor-;

|-s

-z

cinquefoil 'sigk^fail

Cinque Ports

|-ia -13

cicada si^keda, -^kada

ES

-'poats,

hau

[toy tai

'sigk'ports, -'parts;

E+-'paats

cicatrix 'sikatriks |-es -iz -trices jSikaHraisiz

|

[full

-iz

cinema 'smama
cinematograph iSma'maetajgraef;

chute Jut Ichuted Ifutid

chutney, -nee 't/Atni

Cibber

[-'s

ES 'sigktJaCr; |-d -d
ES 'sinda(r; |-ed -d

-,graf

tfa^n;

churr tjy;

loc.

'sindrig, 'sindarig

churchwarden

churl tjyl;

seem about equally frequent

generally.

cincture 'sigkija^;

't/st/-, 'tjytj-

church

Ja:d,

'simba(r

cinch sint/ |cinches 'sintjiz [cinched sintjt

chum tfAm chummed tjAmd j-my

chump t/Amp |chumped tjAmpt

Churchill

'simba^;

Cimmerian sa'nurian

'tjAkaCr

Chulmleigh 'tjAinh

church, C- tjs^tj;

{Am Sp

jsima'rran)

would' tfud

chukker, -kar 't/Aka^;

|-es -iz

E+-'ga:(r

si'ga:(r,

cigarette, -ret ^siga'ret, 'sigajtet

-'ds-

chthonian 'Oonian |-onic 'Oanik; ES+'Gon-

chud

itjit/e-

'saidaCr

cider-mill 'saida^jinil;

-il

chrysolite 'krisl^ait

|-d

{It

eit$)

cider 'saida^;

'kraisl3(r

chrysoberyl 'krisajberal,

jtjitja'roni

jSisa'roni,

Vo:ne)

-iz

ES

Chrysler 'kraisla^;

'sisli

ful [tooth tue [further 'fs^Sa^;

ES

CIO

'si^ai'o

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

cion

84
cireumnavigate jSa'kamWvajget;

cion 'scton 'saian

Cipango si'paeggo
cipher

jsyk-; |-d -id

ES

'saifa^;

^saif3(r;

-d

|-ed

|-ing

%aifng, ^aifsrig

'saka, 'ss'ka

ES sa-; |-n -n
ES 'sss-, 'syscircinate 'sysn^et; ES 'sss-, 'syscircle 'sykl; ES 'sskl, 'sykl; [-d -d

circuit 'sykit;

|-d

circular 'sykjala^;

ES

ES

'sykjala^raiz;

ES jssk-, jss^kES 'ssk-, 'syk-;

ES

ES

'sskjala-

ES

jssk-,

ES

jssk-,

ES

^ssk-, ^ss^k-;

l-d -id

'sykam^saiz;

ES

circumference

ES

In

-IZ

the

2d pron.

^ssk-, ^syk-

sa'kAm-;

sa^'kAmfarans,

ES

has become a

by r -dissimilation {121)
circumferential

ES

sa^jkAmfa'renJal;

'sykam^fleks;

ES

sa-;

's3k-,

'syk-;

circumfuse
|-s

^sykam'fjuz,
-iz j-d

circumjacence
iSyk-; |-cy

ES

'ssk-, 'syk-;

ES

jsykam'staen/al;

jSsk-,

|-ly -i

jsykamjstaenji'jebti;

ES

jSsk-, ,syk-

ES

jSsk-,

jsyk-; |-d -id

ES

jSsk-,

jss^k-

|-ed -id |-vention

ES

C- 'sykas;

tliese

^ssk-,

'sisita^, 'sizita^;

ES

ES

prons. {including the -) are

used in Cirencester and vicinity. The

cirque syk;

jsyk-;

'ssk-, 'syk-; |-es -iz

Cirencester 'sairan^sEsta^,

All

ES

-Ven/an

BBC {in

'sisitar, 'saiaran^sEstar.

ssk, sa^k

cirrhosis siVosis

cirro-cumulus

jSiro'kjumjabs,

-'kium-

|-li

cirrose 'siros
|-ti

-tai

cirrus 'siras cirri 'sirai cirrous 'siras

]

C- sis'aelpain, -pin
C- ^sisko

cisalpine,

|-es -IZ 1-ed -t

circumfluent sa^'kAmfluant;

ES

cisco,

sa-

-'fiuz;

ES

jssk-,

jsykam'dsesns;

-i |-cent

cismontane, C- sis'manten; ES+-'niDncispadane 'sispa^den, sis'peden

-d

ES

jssk-,

cist sist, kist

= kist

Cistercian sis'ty/an;

-snt

circumlocution ^ss^kamlo'kjujan, -'kiu-;

ES

cistern 'sista^n;

ES

citadel,

jssk-, jsyk-

ES

ES

-'tsj-, -'tyj-

'sistan

citable 'saitabl

circumlocutory jsykam'lakjajtori,

-jtari;

circumnavigable jss^kam'naevagabl;

C-

'sitadl, -jdel

citation sai'te/3n

iSsk-, jsyk-, -'Ink-, E+-jt3ri

ES

jSsk-,

cite salt ]cited 'saitid |citeable 'saitabl

cithara 'siOara

jsyk-

Key; See

jsyk-;

cirro-stratus jSiro'stretas

circumflex

^ssk-,

-jlai

J-ly-i

jsyk-;

circumstantial

1936) recommended

-d

circumcision jSykam'sisan;

|-s

'syk-;

's3k-,

ES

-IZ |-d -t

-ta(r

-IZ |-d

sa-;

|-s

circus,

iSyk-; |-d -id

circumaviate jsykam'evijct;

|-s

circumstance 'sykam^staens;

circumvent jsyksmHxnt;

jsyk-

circumambulate jsykam'aembjajlet;

jSsk-,

'ssk-, 's^k-

circumvallation jS3'kamvae'leJ'3n;

'syk-, E+-jt3ri

circumambient jsykam'aembiant

circumcise

ES

jsykam'spEkJan;

circumstantiate jsykam'staen/ijct;

^ssk-, jsyk-

circulatory 'sykjalajtori, -jtori;

ES

iSyk-

circumstantiality
'ssk-, 'syk-; |-d -id

circulation jsykja'leXan;

jtori,

sa-; |-ty -ti

-d

ES

^ssk-, ^ss^k-;

;syk-; |-tive -tiv

's3kJ3l3(r, 'sykjalaCr

circularity jsykja'laerati;

ES

-d ('circum^scribed 'halo)

circumspection

'sskit, 'sa^kit; |-ed -id

circulate 'sykjajet;

ES

jS3kam'pola(r,

circumscription jsykam'sknpjan;
1-ling

'ssk-, 'syk-

circuitous sa^'kjuitas, -'kiu-;

-iz |-d

ES

circumspect 'ss^kam^spEkt;

ES
ES

jsak-,

jsykanijnaeva'ge/an;

circumscribe ,s3^kam'skraib;

-kho, -khg
circlet 'ss'klit;

ES

-a(r

iSykam'pol3(r

Circe 'sysi, -si;

|-s

circumnavigation

circumpolar jsykam'pola^;

ES

Circassia sa^'ksejia, -Ja;

circularize

ES

|-tor -9^;

jsak-, jsyk-

cipolin 'sipslin
circa 'syka;

cithara

bee bi |pity 'p'ti (6) [rate ret |yet jst |sang saeij |angrj' 'aeg^gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far |watch wat/, wDiJ" (12) Ijaw dja |gorge gards |go go

in full 3-47.

|bath baee;

cither

classification

85

cither 'siOa^;

ES

'si63(r; |-n

clan klaen [clanned klaend [-nish -ij

-n

citied 'sitid

clandestine klaen'dEStin

citify ^sitijfai |-fied -^faid

clang klag [clanged klaegd

citizen 'sitszn, -sn |-ry -ri j-ship -j/ip

clangor 'klaegga^, 'klaega^;

citrate 'sitret, -rit |-d -id |-ric -rik

ES

citriculture 'sitrijkAltXa^;

ES

clansman 'klaenzman [-men -man

Citroen 'sitrojcn

clap klaep [clapped klaept

citron 'sitran |-ade jSitran'ed

clapboard
-3rd;

citronella jSitr3n'l3

C-

'sitras

city

ES

Am

Sp

-li,

clarabella,

-ikli

C-

civilizable 'sivl,aiz3bl

'klaea-,

civilize 'sivl,aiz j-s -iz [-d

ES

'klaeba^;

-d

|-ed

-baCr;

|-ing

'kka-,

ES

'kkrmor,

-mar;

'klaer-,

Clarence 'klaerans

[-'s

-iz

Clarendon, c- 'klaerandan

clack klaek clacked klaekt

claret 'klaerat, -it

Clackamas 'klaekamas |-'s -iz

Clackmannan klaek'maenan |-shire

Claribel 'klaera jbel

-;Xir, -Ja^;

Clarice 'klaeris

|-'s

-iz

clarification ^klaerafa'kejan

-;Xi3(r, -/3(r

clad klaed

clarify 'klaera jfai |-fied -jfaid

ES

Claiborne 'kleba^n;

'kleban

Clarinda kla'rinda

Claibornian kle'bornian, -'bam-;

ES

-'boan-,

E+-'baan-

clarinet jklaera'net ('clarionet 'solo)

clarion,

claim klem [claimed klemd |-ant -ant

kkr, klar;

E kka(r, ES

Clarissa kla'risa

kka-,

ES

kliea-; |-ant -ant

clarity 'klaerati

Clark, -e klark;

Clallam 'klaelam

Clarksburg

clam klaem [clammed klsemd

clamant 'klemant
clambake 'klaem^bek
clamber 'klaemba^; ES

ES

kla:k, E-hkla:k

ES

'klarksbyg;

clary 'kkri, 'klaen; S 'klaeri

clash klaej [clashes 'klaejiz [clashed klae/t

-ba(r;

'klaemi |-mily -mli,

]-ed

-d |-ing

clasp klaesp; E+klasp, klasp; [ed

-t

class klaes; E-i-klas, klas; |-es -iz [-ed -t

-mih

classic 'klaesik [-al -I [-ally -li, -ikli

'klaema(r; |-ed -d |-ing

'klfemrig, 'klaemarig

classicalism 'klaesikl,izam

|-ist -ist

classicaUty jklaesa'kaelati

clamorous 'klaemaras, 'kl^emras

classicism 'klaesa jSizam

clamp klaemp [clamped klaempt

classifiable 'klaesajfaiabl

clamshell 'klaemj/tl

classification jklaesafa'kejan

ful [tooth tu8 [further 'fy'Sa';

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz,

'kla-.ksbsg,

'kla:ksbyg, E-i-'kla:ks-

'klaembarig, 'klaembrig

ES

C- 'klaerian

clarionet ^klaeria'net

klaea(r

clairvoyance kkr'vaians, klaer-;

[full

'kkamoa(r, 'klaa-, -maa(r; S 'klaeamoa(r

-d

'klaebarig, 'klaebrig

clamor 'klaema-;

klaBa(r

'klaer-;

-mont

Claremore

civilization iSivla'ze/an, -ai'z-

ES

kka(r,

Claremont 'kkrmant,

clammy

'klaepa-; j-ed -d

jklaera'bela

civilian saViljan jcivility sa'vilati

Clair(e)

ES

Clara 'klera, 'klaera; S 'klaera

-s |-ally

Clare kkr, klaer;

ES

-d [-ing

|-ed

claque klaek

sju'tiatitru'hijo

civil 'sivl, less freq. 'sivil |-ly -i

clabber

'klaepa(r;

claptrap 'klaep jtraep

civet 'sivit j-ed -id

|-s

ES

clapperclaw 'klaepa^jkla;

'siti [citied 'sitid

civic 'sivik

|-ed -id

'klaeparig, 'klaeprig

city-state 'siti'stet

Ciudad Trujillo

'klaep^bord,

'klaeboad, 'klaepjboad,

'klajbad,

clapper 'klaepa^;

'sitan

'klaebord,

'klaeba^d,

ES

E+-aad;

citrous 'sitras

Citta del Vaticano It tjit'ta-deljvati'kamo

cittern 'sita^n;

-d

clank klsegk [clanked klaegkt

-jkAltJaCr

citrine 'sitnn

citrus,

|-ed

-a(r;

|-ous -as

huz

ES

'fstJa

[-cist -sist

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[dish dij [vision 'visan

[Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

86

classify

clientele

classify 'klaes3,fai |-fied -jfaid

cleat klit (cleated 'klitid

classman 'klaesman; E+'klas-, 'klas-; |-men

cleavable 'kUvabl

-man

cleavage 'kUvids
cleave

classmate 'klaes^met; E+'klas-, 'klas-

classroom 'klaes^rum, -,Tvm; E+'klas-, 'klas-

ES

clatter 'klaeta^;

Claude Lorrain

'klaet3(r; [-ed

'kbdlo'ren,

-b-,

(Fr

-Id-

-n

|-n

kbz

\past cleft kleft or cleaved

klivd or clove klov; arch, clave klev \pptc

kkft

or

cleaved

klivd

Cleaveland, Moses 'kbvbnd

kkf

claustral 'kbstral

clef

claustrophobia ^kbstra'fobia

cleft

clavate 'klevet |-d -id

cleistogamus klais'tagsmss, -'tog-

'klaevaras,

ES

|-'s -iz,

'klaev-

'klaeva^z,

'klaevaras, 'klaevaz, 'klaeva^haus;

Bri4+^k\e\-^kaad

Clementine /e??7. name 'kkman^tin, -jtain

clavicle 'klaevakl

'keyboard'

kbVir,

'klaevia^,

ES 'klaevi'3(r,
kb clawed kbd

ment' kbVir;

claw

'instru-

Clayhanger

'kle^haeria^;

ES

ES

E+

-mo3(r,

clepsydra 'kkpsidra

Clayton 'kletn

clerestory

clean klin cleaned klind |-ness 'klmnis

'kbr;Stori,

'kbajstori,

cleanly adv 'klinli

cleric

clear-eyed

kli3(r,

|-iac -i,aek

-jstori;

ES

'klia-;

'kbdsi, 'klydsi; |-man

|-s

'kha'kAt,

S-h'kkr-;

|-al -1 |-ally

loc.

-iz

S+'kka('clear-^eyed

-b, -ikb
Brit. kla:k, klark;

-b

Clerkenwell 'klykan^wel;

S+kl3(r; |-ed -d

ES

'khr'aid;

ES

'kbk-, 'kls-k-;

'kla:kanwal

Clermont 'kkrmant; ES 'kkamant, -mnnt

Clevedon 'kUvdan
Cleveland 'kbvland

'ox)

Clearfield 'kbr.fdd;

ES

'kha-, S+'klea-

ES

clearheaded 'klir'hedid;
clearing 'kbrig;

clearstarch 'kbr^startj;

S 'kbajstaitj, 'kka-;
clearstory

clever

'kba-, S-h'kka-

S+'kkrig; |-house -,haus

clear-sighted 'kbr'saitid;

'kbr,ston,

ES

'kbajstaitj, -^sta:!/;

-jston;

'kba-;

'kbr^wota',

See in full 3-^7.

'kkva(r;

-jwnta^;

S+'kka-

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

ES

|far

'kkvara^,

[-er

-ra(r; |-est -ist, -vrist

|-'s

-iz

clew klu, kliu j-ed -d

click

kli'/e

kbk |chcked kbkt

clickety -clack 'kbkati'klaek

-jwata^,

'kb3jW3t3(r, -jwat-, -jwnt-,

Ibath baeO;

ES

clevis 'kkvis |-es -iz

chche

|-es -iz |-ed -t

ES

'kkva^;

'kkvra^;

Cleves klivz

'kba-, S-i-'kka-

'kbajSton, 'kka-

Clearwater

Key:

-z j-drae -jdri

ES kbk, klyk;

|-ed -t |-ly

clearance 'klirans; S + 'kkr-;

clear-cut 'klir'kAt;

'kkrik

clerk klyk;

[cleanses 'kkiiziz |-d -d

cleanup n 'klin^Ap

ES

-iz

-man |-men -man

cleanly adj 'kknli

kknz

-t

[-'s

'kka-

clergy 'kls^dsi;

clean-cut 'klin'kAt ('clean-^cut 'edges)

clear kbr;

\-s

cleptomania ^kkpta'mema

-m33(r

cleanse

Clement' 'kkmantin, -jtain

Cleopatra jklia'petra, -'patra, -'paetra

-jhaeoaCr

-mar;

'klemor,

'of

Cleomenes kU'amSjiiiz; ES-h-'om-;

Cleon 'klian, -on

C- kle clayed kled

claymore

Clementine

clench kkntj [clenches 'klentjiz [-ed

kla'viaCr

clay,

|-es -iz

Clemenceau jkkman'so (Frklema'so)

Clemens 'kkmanz |-'s -iz
clement, C- 'kkmant clemency 'kkmsnsi
Clementina jkkman'tina
|

ES

clavichord 'klaevajkard;

clavier

kkft

clematis, C- 'kkmatis

clave arch, past of cleave klev

jhaus;

cloven

cleek klik |-ed -t

|clauses ^kbziz ]-d -d |-sal -1

Claverhouse

or

'klovan; arch, clove klov

]-ius -s 1-ius's -siz

Claudio 'kbdijO, 'kbdjo

clause

kUv

'split'

cleft

klodlD^rje)

Claudia 'kbdia

clave klev or clove klov

\arch. past

cleave

-d

-iz

\-s

kliv \past b" pptc cleaved klivd

'clitig'

-click

-'kbk

client 'klaiant |-ed -id |-age -ids

cHentele ^klaian'tel
'piti

(6) [rate ret |yet ]zt |sang saeg |angr>^ 'aeo'gri

far |watch watf,

wotj (12) |jaw dsa Igorge gards

|go

go

clootie ^kluti,

cliff klif Icliffed klift

ES Mifad

Clifford 'khfa^d;

Clifton 'khftan

|-ia

khf'tonia

close adj klos;

climacterical jklaimaek^terikl

climactic klai'maektik

n
close n
close

|-ly -i

climax ^klaimaeks

C-

close-grained 'klos 'gr end

j-er -a^;

ES

-3(r

close-lipped 'klos'hpt ('close-clipped 'smile)

close-mouthed 'klos'mau'Sd, -'mauGt

closet 'klazit, 'klnzit |-ed -id

klintj" |-es -iz j-ed -t

Clinedinst 'klaindmst

khg clung kUg

clinic 'klinik |-al -1

close-up 'klosjAp
|

ES

closure 'klosa^;

-stone -jston

'klo33(r; |-d -d

clot klat; ES-i-klnt; |-ted -id

-ally -li, -ikli

Cloten 'klotn

clinician kli'ni/an

clink kligk |clinked kliijkt

ES

-;

|-er

ES

clinker-built 'khgka-jbilt;

-3(r

clinometer klai'namata^, kli-;

cloth kbe, kloG

'pieces

|-ths

'kinds of cloth' -9s

'kligka-

|-'s

ES

-'namataCr,

Note

that the

3 sg pres

is

cHnometric ^klaina'metrik

|-al -1

oftener.

Clinton 'klintan

clothes

Clio 'klaio

kloz, klotSz

kloz has been

vated colloq. pron. for

clip klip clipped

1

khpt

|-per -a^;

ES

says

-3(r

200

Walker {1791)

give only kloz.

Clitheroe 'klitJa^ro

calls it

clitoris 'klaitaris, 'klitaris |-es -iz

Eng. Usage) denies

Clitus 'klaitas

usual pron. [in Engd].

|-'s

-iz

Clive klaiv

rectly labeled

Cliveden 'klivdan
cloaca klo'eka

klok

|-s

-z |-acae -'esi

|cloaked

[NEngd+kVSk

klokt;

cloakroom 'klok^rum, -/rum

cloche klo/ jcloches 'klojiz (Fr

Makjwaiz;

ES

Fowler {Mod.

and says kloz

Webster

is the

Jias

cor-

Tfie L.

A. shoivs an overwhelming majority

for kloz.

Tlie verb clothes klotiz keeps its

from clothe
noun has no

klot$

b' clothed klotid.

?i

The

sg klotS.
'kloz^baeskit,

'klotJz-;

E+

-jbas-, -jbas-

clothesbrush 'kloz^biAj, 'kloSz-

ES-t-'klok-

clockwork 'kiak^wyk;

this

&r

{1780)

Oxf. Diet.

kloz 'Colloq.' for some 70 yrs.

clothesbasket

klbj")

clock klak; ES-i-klok; |-ed -t

'klakjwsk, -jwyk,

'klok-

|-es -iz

clotheshorse 'kloz^hars, 'klotiz-;

ES

-^haas;

|-S -IZ

clod klad;

ES+klod;

clodhopper

|-ded -id

'klad^hapa';

ES

clothesline 'klozjlam, 'klotJz-

'kladjhap3(r.

'klnd^hopaCr

clodpoll, -pole

clog klag, king,

clothespin 'klozjpin, 'kloSzclothespress 'klozjpres, 'kloSz-

clodpate %lad^pet; ES-^'klnd-;

Madjpol;

kbg [ged

'kbista^;

ES

ES+ Mod-

clothier 'klotSja-,

-d

Maistarig, ^kbistrig

-st3(r;

\-es -iz

clothes-wringer 'kloz^riga', 'kloSz-;

|-d -id

-tJia^;

ES

ES -jrig3(r

'kloSjaCr, -i-3(r

clothing 'klo^ig

cloisonne ^kbiza'ne {Fr klwaza'ne)

|full

"vulgar or careless."

the culti-

Dr. Johnson

yrs.

"always clo's," Sheridan

clique klik, klik

cloister

not kloz, the usual

pron. of the noun clothes, which occurs far

-'nom-

clockwise

-Sz,

of cloth'

-0s

clothe V kloiJ |clothes kloSz |clothed kloSd

clinkety-clink ^kligkati'kligk

cloak

|-s -iz

close-hauled 'klos 'hold

|-es -iz |-ed -t

clime klaim
clinch,

'enclosed place' klos

close-fitting 'klos'fitig

-^tJuaCr

climb klaim jclimbed klaimd

{46)

-iz

|-s

closefisted 'klos'fistid ('close-fisted 'miser]

|-tal -itl, -all

ES

NEngd+hY6s

'end' kloz

climatology jklaima'tabdsi; ES+-'tDlclimature 'klaimajt/ur;

'klyti

close V kloz closes 'kloziz [closed klozd

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

climate 'klaimit |-d -id

Sc

Cloquet klo'ke

climacteric klai'maektsrik, jklaimsek'terik

cling

cloths

87

cliff

|-ed

Clotho 'kloeo
-d

|-ing

|-tral -tral

ful |tooth tue Ifurther 'fySa';

cloths 'pieces of cloth' klacJz, klntiz; 'kinds of

cloth'

ES

'fstJa

kbes, kloes

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fauz [dish dif [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

cobra

cloture
Those words below in which the a sound

ES

cloture 'klotja^, -tjur;

is spelt

-tJuaCr;

'klot/aCr,

ES

-^bsst, -jbyst

cloud-capped 'klaud^kaept

coach-and-four 'kotjan'for,

-'far;

Coachella jkoa't/ela

cloudlet 'klaudbt

coachman 'kotjman |-men -man

clough kUf, klau

Irel

ES

klox

j-ive -iv

ES

clove 'spice' klov jcloved klovd

coagulation kojaegja'leXan, jkoaegja-

clove past of cleave klov

Coahoma jkoa'homa

Clovelly klo'vEli

Coahuila jkoa'wila

cloven 'klovan

coal kol coaled kold

coalesce jkoa'les

-iz 1-d -t

1-s

coalescence jkoa'lEsns 1-cy

'ox)

cloven-hoofed 'klovan'huft, -'huft

ES
|-'s

ES

coalless 'kollis

coaming 'konug

-iz

1-ed -d |-age -ids 1-ery

-an

ES

coarse kors, kars;

koas,

coarsen 'korsn, 'karsn;

clubfoot 'kUb'fut, -,fut

ES

coast kost Icoasted 'kostid

clubland 'kUbjlaend

coastward 'kostwa^d;
|-men

-jmaen

-man,

clubwoman

-,wum-

'kUb^wuman,

|-men

-jwinun, -an

kUk

kUkt

coastways 'kost^wez

coauthor ko'aOa^;
|

1-wise -jwaiz

ES

coaxes

ES 'kUmbaCr
clump kUmp clumped kUmpt

coaxal ko'aeksl

clumsy 'kUmzi

cob kab |-bed -d

-'a0a(r; [-ship -//ip

'koksiz

coaxed kokst;

INEngd+k'Sks (46)

|-sily -zali, -zili

1-xial -ksial 1-xially -ksiali

cobalt, C- 'kobalt

clung klAo

Cluniac 'klunijaek, 'khuni-

Cobbett 'kabit

Cluny

cobble 'kabl

'kluni, 'kliuni {Fr kly'ni)

ES

'kksta-;

'klAstriQ,

j-ed

-ta(r;

-d

|-ing

kUtJ clutches 'kUtJiz

1

ES

ES

|-ling 'kablig, -blig

'kabla(r; |-y -i

Cobham 'kabam, 'kabm

Clutton-Brock 'kktn'brak

'klaima^;

-d

ES

Cobden 'kabdan
Cobh kov

j-ed -t

'klAta(r; j-ed -d

Clyde klaid |-bank -^baegk

j-d

cobbler 'kabla^;

cobblestone 'kabljston

'kUstang

clutter 'klAta^;

Clymer

j-al -1 [-ally -li

ES 'kostwad

coati ko'ati

coax koks

clumber 'kUmba-;

clutch

E+'kaasn;

coattail 'kot,tel |-ed -d

clucked

clue klu, kliu j-d -d

cluster

'koasn,

coat kot Icoated 'kotid; \NEngd+\:6i (46)

-jmn

cluck

'koas-.

1-ed -d 1-ing -snirj, -snig

clubfooted 'kUb'futid ('clubifooted 'sophisms)

'kUbman,

ES

E-f-'kaas-

clubbable, clubable 'kUbabl

clubman

E+kaas

coarse-grained 'kors'grend, 'kars-;

kUbd

clubbed

-snt

coalition ikoa'lijan ('coajUtion 'party)

'klova-

cloy kbi 1-ed -d |-edness -idnis

kUb

-i j-cent

Coalinga jkoa'hrjga

'klov3(r; |-ed -d

clover-leaf adj 'klova^jlif ;

club

-ta(r

j-d -id |-lant -lant

Movan'futid ('cloven-jfooted

cloven-footed

clown klaun

-'foa(r,

coadjutor ko'aedsata^, ^koa'dsuta^;

coagulate ko'aegja Jet

Clovis 'klovis

coact ko'aekt |-ed -id |-ction -kj"an

clout klaut Iclouted 'klautid

clover 'klova^;

and

E-^-'f3a(r

cloudland 'klaud jlsend

Clough kUf

-sas

|-sus'

Cnut ka'nut, -'niut, -'njut= Canute

coach kotj |coaches 'kotjiz [coached kotjt

l-d-d
cloud klaud |clouded ^klaudid

cloudburst 'klaud^byst;

o are often pronounced uith n in

Cnossus 'nasas

Coblenz 'koblents

|-sdale -Zjdel

l-'s

-iz

Cobleskill 'kobjz,kil, 'kobl.skil

'klaima(r

Clytemnestra, -taem- jklaitam'nestra

Cobourg Can 'kobyg; ES 'kobsg, -byg

Cnidus 'naidas

cobra 'kobra

Key: See

|-'s

-iz

in full 3^7.

Ibath baeO;

bee bi jpity

baO (10) lah a

Ifar

'piti

(6) Irate ret lyet Jt jsang saeg |angr\- 'seg-gri

far |watch watj",

wntj (12) jjaw dsa |gorge gards

jgo

go

Coburg

coexecutQr

89

Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

o are often pronounced with d in

ES

Coburg Germany 'kobyg; ES -bag, -byg; {Ger

cocksure

K- 'ko:burk)
Coburn 'kobs'n; ES 'koban; c/Cockbum
cobweb 'kabjweb |-webbery -iWebari, -bri

cockswain 'kaks^i, 'kak jS wen

cocktail 'kak^tel j-ed -d

coca 'koka

coco 'koko

'kak'Jur;

-lfua(r;

'plan)

cocaine, -ain ko^ken, 'koken |-ism -'kenizam

cocoa 'koko, 'koka

coccus 'kakas cocci 'koksai

coconut, cocoa- 'kokanat, 'koka^nAt

coccygeal kak^sidsial

cocoon ka'kun, ku'kun

coccyx 'kaksiks

|coccyges kak'saidsiz

|-es -iz

Cocos 'kokas
cocotte ko'kat, ka- {Fr ka'kat)

Cochin, c- 'kot/m, 'kat/in

Cochin China 'kotjin't/aina,

cocytus, C- ko'saitas

'katj-

cod, C-

cochlea 'kaklia cochleae 'kakhji

C.O.D. 'si.o'di
coda 'koda

Cochran,

-e

ES

'kakli'3(r

-iz

j-'s

kad [codded 'kadid

cochineal jkatja'nil ('cochijneal 'dye)

cochlear 'kaklia-;

Coddington 'kadigtan

'kakran

cock kak cocked kakt

coddle 'kadi

cockade kak'ed |-aded -'edid

code kod [coded 'kodid

cock-a-doodle jkaka'dudl

|-d

-d |-ling 'kadbg, 'kadlig

|-d

codefendant jkodi'fendant

-d

cock-a-doodle-doo 'kakajdudl'du

codeine 'kodijin, 'kodin |-dein -dun

cock-a-hoop jkaka'hup, -'hup

codex

'kodsks

|-es

'kad

cockalorum jkaka'loram, -'bram; S -'loram

the singidar.

cock-and-bull story 'kakan'buljStori, 'kakg-,

short in English, as in orator,

The

solitude, nominal,

S -jStori

lo7ig

j-'s

-iz

cockatrice 'kakatris

codger 'kadsa^;

ES

'kadsaCr

Cockburn

codices 'koda,siz, 'kad-

ES

'koba^n;

cockchafer 'kak^tjefa^;

'koban; cf Coburn

codicil 'kadasi, -jsil

ES

codify 'kadajfai, 'kod-

-jt/efaCr

'kaka^;

see

codex

|-fied -jfaid

codling 'kadkg

cockcrow 'kakjkro
cocker

by analogy with

etc.

codfish 'kadjfij

|-s -iz

is

o of Latin becomes
prominent.

cockatoo jkaka'tu ('cockaitoo 'orchis)

cockboat 'kak^bot

'koda^siz.

|codices

-iz

Tlw o in codices

Cockaigne ka'ken

-jStari;

and

('cock-sure

ES

'kaka(r;

-d

j-ed

|-ing

codpiece 'kad^pis [-pieces -jpisiz

Cody

'kakarig, 'kakrig

'kodi

cockerel 'kakaral, 'kakral

coed, co-ed 'ko'ed, 'koitd ('co^ed 'college)

Cockermouth 'kaka^maG, -jinauG; ES 'kaka-

coeducation jkoedsa'ke/an

cockeye 'kak^ai

coefiicient jkoa'fijant, ^kci-

|-d

-d

cockfight 'kakjfait

coeliac 'sikjtek

cockhorse 'kak 'bars;

'cockjhorse

ES

-'baas;

|-s

-iz

(a

coempt ko'Empt

|-ed -id j-ption

coenobite 'sEnajbait,

'air)

cockle 'kakl |-d -d |-ling 'kakkg, 'kaklig

cocklebur 'kakl^by;

ES

coequal ko'ikwal j-ed -d

ES

coerce ko'ys;

cockloft 'kak^bft, -\nii

coercion ko'3j"an;

cockney, C- 'kakni |-ism -jizam

Ifull

-'as, -'ys; |-s -iz |-d -t

ES

coetemal jkci'ts^nl;

ful Itooth tue [further 'fytS*;

-'a/an, -'sj'an

|-cive

ES

-'tanl, -'tynl; j-ly -i

Coeur de Lion jkyda'lian, -'Uan; ES

j-es -iz

|-ed -d |-ry

|-ly -i

-SIV

cockpit 'kakjpit

cockscomb 'kaksjkom
cockshot 'kakjat
cockshut 'kakjAt

-p/an

'sin-

coequality jko-i'kwalati, 'kwnl-

-ib3(r, -jbs^

cockleshell 'kaklj/tl

cockroach 'kak^rotj"

-k

|-al -1 [-ally

-n

coeval ko'ivl

|-ly -i |-ity jkoi'vaebti

coexecutor ^ko-ig'zekjata';

ES

jks-,

ik3^-;(Frkoerda'ljo)

'fstSa

ES

-'zkjata(r

[custom 'kAstam [while hwari [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish AiS [vision 'vigan [Eden 'id^ [cradle 'kred) [keep

'em

tai

'kipip

90

coexist
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

coexist jko-ig^zist |-ed -id j-ence -ans |-ent

-ant

C-

coffee,

|-ed -id |-tensive -nsiv

rmich less Jreq. 'kafi

'kofi,

'kafi,

-house -jhaus

|-pot

clearly prevails in all

coffer 'kafa^, 'kofa^;

ES

In coffee
regions of US.
-ipat

C-

'kafin,

'kofm

Coffman 'kafman,

coistrel,

ES

-il

-Jfuacr; |-d -d

kaia(r

^kaistral

coition ko'i/an

coitus 'ko-itas
|

Coke kuk, kok

Coffey ville %3fi,vd, 'kofi-; S+-vl

cofi&n,

ES

coke kok coked kokt

|-dam -jdaem

-f3(r;

colander 'kAlanda^, 'kal-;

ES

name 'kolba^t,
Fr name kal'berr

Colbert A7n

|-ed -d

-bat;

'kof-, 'kaf-

-da(r
'kal-,

cog kag, kog, lessfreq. kog |-ged -d

Colby

cogence 'kodsans

Colchester 'koljtjESta^ ; 'koltXista-;

-dsant

l-cy -i j-gent

'kolbi

cogitate 'kadsa^tet |-d -id |-tive -iv

Colchis 'kalkis

cogitation jkadsa'te/an

cold kold Icolded %oldid

cognac 'konjaek, 'kan- {Fr ka'jiak)

cold-blooded

|-'s

cognizance 'kagnazans, 'kan-

cognomen kag'noman
-'namana

-jbkdid

'kold'hUdid,

\-s -iz |-nt

-nt

|-nomina

-z

j-s

cold-shoulder

ES

-'ha:tid,

'kold'/olda';

ES

Coldstream 'kold^strim

cohabitation jkohaeba'tejan

Coleman 'kolman

Cohasset ko'haesit

coleopterous jkoli'aptaras, jkak-

E -'a(r, ES

-'aea(r; |-ess -is

Coleridge 'kolridg, not infreq. 'kolarids

|-'s

ES

ko'hia(r, S+-'hea(r

coherence ko'hirans; S + -'hr-; |-ent -ant

coherer ko'hira^;

ES

S+-'hera(r

-'hira(r,

Colet 'kaht
coleus,

C- 'kohas

|-es -iz

Coleville 'kolvil

cohesion ko'hisan |-hesive -'hisiv

colewort 'koljwyt;

Cohoes ko'hoz

Colfax 'kolfieks

|-'s

cohort 'kohart;

ES

-iz

colic

'kohaat

cohortative ko'hartativ;

ES

ES

-^wst, -^wyt

-iz

'kahk [cohcky 'kaliki

Coliseum jkala'siam

kwafer; ES

|-'s

Colin 'kalin

-%aat-

coif kaif coifed kaift

{Fr kwa-

-'f3(r, -'fy;

colitis

koHaitis

collaborate ka'laebaifet j-d -id [-tor -;

ifoe:r)

coiffure kwa'fjur, -'fiur;

ES

-'jua(r, -'fiua(r;

(Fr kwa'fy:r)

collage ka'las, ko- 1-gist

collapse ka'laeps

coil kail coiled kaild

1

kam

|-ed -d |-age -ids |-ages -idsiz

-ist.

ES

collar 'kala^;

-iz |-cy -i |-nt -nt

collarbone 'kala^'bon, -jbon;

jkcm-

collaret, -tte jkala'ret

coincidental kojinsa'dcntl,

coincidently ko'msadantli

coinsurance jko-in'/urans

See in full 3-A7.

|-ly -i

-abl

collapsibility kajlaepsa'bilati

coincidence ko'msadans

\-s

{Fr ka'lars)

|-s -iz j-d -t |-sible

coincide jko-in'said |-cided -'saidid

|bath baeG;

ES

-a(r; j-tive -iv

collaboration ka^laeba 're/an

kam

coign, -e

-iz

coleslaw 'kolisla

-esses -isiz

Key:

-'/olda(r;

coldslaw 'kol/sla, 'kold-

cole kol

coheir ko'er, -'aer;

E+

|-ed -d 1-ing -Ifoldario. -Ifoldrig

cohabit ko'haebit |-ed -id

coin

('cold-

-'ha:tid

cogwheel 'kagjhwil, 'kng-, lessfreq. 'kag-

coiffeur

-ta(r

-iz

cold-hearted 'kold'hartid;

kag'mXan cognitive 'kagnativ

cognizable 'kagnazabl |-bly -bli

cohere ko'hir;

ES

-blooded 'mahce)

cognate 'kagnet

ES

'kol-;

colchicum, C- 'kalt/ikam

cogitable 'kadsitabl

cognition

E and S

o are often pronounced with n in

coinsure ^kcin'/ur;
coir kair;

coextend ^ko'ik'stend

collateral

'kala(r; |-ed -d

ES

'kala-

collate ka'let, ka-, 'kalet |-d -id

|-s

-iz

collateral ka'laetaral |-ly -i

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jst |sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far |watch watj, wot/ (12) [jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

'kalekt

ka'kkt

collect

color 'kAla^;

'kAb(r; j-ed -d

Colorado ^kab'raedo, -'rado |-dan -dan

-'rado prevails in the

ka'kkjan

doubt that in the

collective ka'Iektiv |-ism -jizam

|-ist -ist

US

prevails.

coloration jkAb 're/an

-'Isktacr; |-ship

-Jip

coloratura jkAbra'tjura, ikal-, -'tiura, -'tura

colorature 'kAbraitJur, 'kal-;

college 'kalids

color-bearer

j-s -iz

college-bred 'kalids'bred ( 'college- jbred 'man)

ibera(r,

'kAla^jbera',

ES

colorful

Colleton 'kabtn

colorimeter jkAb'rimata^;

collide ka'laid |-lided -'laidid

colossal ka'lasl |-ly -i

ES

colossus ka'lasas

'kalJ3(r; j-y -i

collimiate 'kalajmet j-d -id j-tion

jkab'mejsn

CoUingwood 'kalig^wud

ES

-'rimata{r

ka'hsan

-sai j-sus' -sas

'kal^porta',

colt,

j-al -1

-iparta^;

ES

colter 'kolta^;

Colton 'koltn

\NEngd+\:i\t

'koltid;

-i

'kolta(r; |-ed -d

Colum 'kabm
Columb 'kabm
Columba ka'lAmba

'kabid |-al ka'bidl

'kabp IcoUoped 'kabpt
j-ism -^izam

colloquiality kajlokwi'aebti

Columbia ka'Umbia, -bja

colloquy 'kabkwi

columbine, C- 'kabm^bain

coUude ks'lud,

columbium ka'lAmbiam
Columbus ka'bmbas |-'s -iz
column 'kabm, humorous 'kaljam

-'liud |-d -id

collusion ka'lusan, -'liusan |-sive -siv

Colman 'kolman
Cologne, c- ka'lon {Ger Koln, C- koeln)

Colombia ka'bmbia {Sp ko'bmbja)

Colombo ka'lAmbo, ks'lambo
Colon ko'lan, -'Ion {Am Sp ko'lon)
colon 'kobn
colon coin ko'lon
colonel 'kynl;

ES

|-s

j-n

-n

-n

|-ed -d

columnar ka'lAinna^; ES -'lAnma(r

columniation 'columning' kajAmni'eJan
Colusa ka'lusa, ka'husa
Colvin 'kolvin, 'kal-

-z |-es -es

colonial ka'lonial |-ism -^izam

coma 'stupor' 'koma 1-s -z

coma 'comet's head' 'koma [-ae -i
Comanche kc'raaent/i |-chean -tjian
comatose 'kamajtos, 'koma-

colonist 'kabnist

colonization jkabna'zeXan, -ai'z-

|full

|-n

columnist 'kabmist, 'kabmnist

'ksnl, 'kynl; 1-ed -d j-cy -si

colonize 'kab^naiz

ES

{46)

collodion ka'lodisn

colloquial ka'lokwial |-ly

|-es -iz |-ssi

-ter

Colquhoun ka'hun
C- kolt Icolted

-iz

|-'s

colporteur,

collocate 'kalojket |-d -id |-tion ^kalo'ke/an

collop

'kAb-

-ipoata(r, E+-jpaata(r; {Fr kalpar'toe:r)

Collin wood 'kalin^wud

colloid

Colosseum jkab'sbm
Colossian ka 'la/an |-s -z

'kah

collied 'kalid

collision

-jtfua(r

'kAb^bbind; ES 'kAb'kAWal; ES 'kAb-; |-ly -i

color-blind

collet 'kaht |-ed -id

Collins 'kalinz

ES

-^baera^;

-jbaera(r

collegian ka'lidsan, -dsian |-giate -dsiit, -dsit

collier 'kalja^;

little

-ikh

colleen 'kalin, ka'lin

collie

Tliere is

state.

as a whole jkab'raedo

j-ally -li,

kaJektaVistik

ES

Ob-

servers disagree as to whether jkab'raedo or

collectible, -able ka'lektabl

collector ka'lekta^;

ES

colorable 'kAbrabl |-bly -bh

|-ed -id

collectibility, -ability kajektd'bilstl

collectivistic

and S

colophon 'kabjfan, -fan

collectanea jkalek 'tenia

collection

colony 'kabni

'kalig

colleague v ka'lig, ka- |-leagued -'ligd

collect V

o are often pronounced with d in

colonnade ^kab'ned |-naded -'nedid

collation ka'lejan, ka-

colleague

comb

91

collation

|-s -iz j-d

j-ist -ist

-d

ful Itooth tu6 Ifurther 'fytJa^;

comb kom

combed komd;

\NEngd+ii6v\

(46)

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how

hau

|using 'juzig jfuse fjuz, fiuz ]dish dif [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kred} [keep

|toy tai

'em 'kipm

comb
Those words below in which the a sound

comb

commit

92
is spelt

kum

'valley'

combat n 'kambaet, 'kAmcombat v 'kambaet, 'kAm-, kam'beet |-tec

combatant 'kambatant, 'kAmcombative kam'baetiv, 'kambativ, 'kAmcombe kum
comber 'koma^; ES 'komaCr
combinative 'kamba^netiv, kam'bamativ

combine n 'kambain, kam'bam

combine v kam'bain |-bined -'baind
combings 'komigz

idh

combustibility kamjbAsta'bibti

combustion kam'bAstJan

-id

come n malting kom, kum

come V kAm |came kem jcome kAm

i?t

nn-

kam (kam'in!)

commensuration kajmEnJa'reJan, -^mensacomment n 'kament

comment v 'kament, lessfreq. ka'ment j-ed -id

commentary 'kaman^tEri
commentator 'kaman^teta^; ES -,teta(r
commerce n 'kama^s, -mys; ES 'kamas,
-mss, -mys
commerce v ka'mys; ES -'mss, -'mys; |-s -iz

come-and-go 'kAman'go
comedian ka'midian

comedienne ka^midi'sn {Fr kame'dJEn)

comedy 'kamadi
comely 'kAmli
comestible ka'mestabl

l-d-t

comet 'kamit

commercial ka'my/al;

comfit 'kAmfit, 'kam-

ES

-^men-

kajmEnJara'bdati,

sara-

commensurable ka'men/arabl, -'mensaraI-bly ^bh

commensurate adj ka'mtnjarit, -'mensacommensurate v ka'mEnJajret, -'mensa- j-d

|-ed -id

stressed position often

commemorate ka'memajret |-rated -jretid

commemoration kajmema'rejan
commence ka'mens |-s -iz |-d -t |-ment -mant
commend ka'mend |-ed -id
commendable ka'mendabl |-bly -bli
commendation jkaman'de/an, jkamencommendatory ka'mendajton, -jtari; S -jtori
commensurability

[-dly

combustible kam'bAstabl j-bly -bh

comfort 'kAmfa^t;

E and S

E+-an-, -an-id

combination jkaraba'nejan

combust kam'bAst

o are often pronounced with n in

commandment ka'msendmant, -'maenmant;

|-ly -I |-ism

ES

ES

'kAmfatabI

comforter 'kAmfa^ta^, 'kAmfata^;

ES

-fata( r;

'kAmfata' shows r-dissimilation {121).

comfry 'kAmfri
comic 'kamik |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli
Cominius ka'mmias, -njas j-'s -iz
Comintern jkamm'tyn, 'kamin^tyn; ES
-yn

-'msj"-;

-ai'z-;

-jms/-, -jmsj-

commercialize
-'my/-;

-3n,

-'ms/-,

kajmy/ala'zejan,

commercialization

-fat; |-ed -id

comfortable 'kAmfa^tabl;

ES

-jizam

ES

ka'myfal,aiz;

-'ms/-,

-d

1-s -iz |-d

comminate 'kamajuet [-nated -^netid

commination ,kama'nejan
commingle ka'miggl |-d -d
comminute 'kama^njut, -^niut, -^nut |-d -id
comminution jkama'njujan, -'niu-, -'nu-

comitatus jkami'tetas

commiserable ka'mizarabl

comity 'kamati

commiserate ka'mizajtet -rated -jetid

comma 'kama |-ed -d

command ka'maend;

commiseration ka^miza 're/an

ES-i--'mand, -'mand;

conomandant jkaman'daent, -'dant

commandeer jkaman'dir; ES

commissariat /kama'sEriat,

-'dia(r.

s+

-da(r.

E+

jka'maenda^;

ES

in

chief ka'maendarin'tjif;

-'mand-, -'mand-

Key:

See in full 3-47.

Ibath baed;

E+

-'saer-, -'ser-

|-ed -d

commissionaire kajmijan'sr,

ES

-'mand-, -'mand-

-'sa:(r, E-i--'sa:(r

commissarj^ 'kama, sen

commission ka'mijan

-'deaCr; |-ed -d

commander
commander

commiserative ka'miza^retiv

commissar jkama'sar; ES

l-ed -id

-'aer;

-'sad.

-'aea(r

commissioner ka'mi/ana', -'mi/na^;

commit ka'mit

ES

-na(r

|-ted -id |-tal -\

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet sang saeg |angr}' 'asg-gn
baO (10) [ah a |far far |watch wat/, wo^f (12) |jaw dsa Igorge gards |go go
I

committee
Those ivords below in whicli the a sound

committee ka'miti

is

spelt o are often

|-d -d [-man -man, -^maen

|-men -man, -^men

commix ka'miks, ka-

j-es -iz |-ed -t

commixture ka'nukstJV, ka-; ES -'nukstJaCr

commode ka'mod
commodious kaWodiss
commodity kaWadati
commodore 'kamajdor,

pronounced with n in

and

companionate adj kam'paenjanit

companionway kam'paenjanjwe
company 'kAmpani, 'kAmpni |-nied -nid
comparability ^kampara'bilati

comparable 'kamparabl, -prabl

|-bly

-bh

comparative kam'paerativ

compare
-jdar;

ES

-jdoa(r,

E+

kam'per,

-'paer;

-'pEa(r,

ES

-'paea(r

Coniparetti ^kampa'reti {It jkompa'retti)

-jdaa(r

common 'kaman

|-ed -d |-ness

commonage 'kamanids

j-s

comparison kam'paerasn

'kamannis

compartment kam'partmant; ES

-iz

commonality ,kaman^aelati
commonalty 'kamanalti
commonplace 'kaman^ples j-s -iz
common-sense adj 'kaman 'ssns ('common'sense jway)

commonweal 'kaman^wil
commonwealth 'kaman^welO, 'kaman'wslO
commotion ka 'mo/an

communal 'kamjunj, kaWjunl, -'mm-jizam

complexion

93

j-ism

|-d

-d

communicability kajmjunika'bilati, -^miun-

communicable ka'mjunikabi, -'nuun- |-bly

-bh
communicant ka'mjunikant, -'miuncommunicate ka'mjuna^ket, -'miun- j-d -id
communication kajmjuna'ke/an, -^miuncommunicative ka'mjunajketiv, -'miun-

communion ka'mjunjan, -'miuncommunique kajmjuna'ke, -jmmncommunism 'kamju^nizam |-ist -nist

communistic jkamju'nistik

E+

compass 'kAmpas

|-es -iz |-ed -t

compassion kam'pJ"an

j-ed -d |-ate -it

compatibility kam,paeta'bilati

compatible kam'paetabl

|-bly -bli

compatriot kam'petnat,

less freq. -'paet-

compeer kam'pir, 'kampir; ES

compel kam'pel [-led -d

-ia(r, S4--ea(r

compellable kam'pelabl |-bly -bli

compend 'kampend |-ious kam'pendias

compendium kam'pendiam \-s -z |-dia -dia

|-ist -ist |-ly -i

commune n 'kamjun, -miun

commune v ka'mjun, -'miun

-'pa:t-,

-'pa:t-

|-al

-1

compensable kam'pensabj
compensate 'kampan^set, -pen-, kam'penset
l-d -id

compensation jkampan'sejan, -pencompensative 'kampanjsetiv, kam'pensativ

compensatory kam'pensajtori,
compete kam'pit |-peted -'pitid
competence 'kampatans

|-s

-jtari;

-jtori

-iz j-cy -i j-nt -nt

competition jkampa'tijan
competitive kam'petativ

|-tor -ta^;

ES

-ta(r

compilation jkampl'e/an, -pi'le/an

|-ally

-li,

compile kam'pail -piled -'paild

|

complacence kam'plesns

-ikh

community ka'mjunati, -'miuncommunize 'kamju^naiz |-s -iz |-d -d

commutable ka'mjutabi, -'miutcommutate 'kamju^tet j-d -id |-ter -3^; ES -a(r
commutation jkamju'te/an
commute ka'mjut, -'miut |-d -id |-r -a^; ES
-3(r

complain kam'plen

j-cy -i |-cent -snt

|-ed -d |-ant -ant

|-t -t

complaisance kam'plezns, 'kamplijzaens |-sant

-znt, -jzaent

complement n 'kamplamant
complement v 'kampla^ment |-ed -id
complemental jkampla'mentl |-ly -i
complementary jkampla'mEntari, -'mentri

Como 'komo

complete kam'plit

compact adj kam'paekt ('com^pact 'mass)

compact n 'kampaekt
compact V kam'paekt |-ed -id
companion kam'paenjan |-ed -d |-ship -i/ip
companionable kam'paenjanabl |bly -bli

complex n 'kampleks \-es -iz

complex adj kam'pkks, 'kampleks ('comiplex

|full

ful |tooth tuG Ifurther 'fySa^;

ES

'fstia

|-d -id |-tion -'pli/an

'act)

complex

kam'pleks

|-es -iz j-ed -t

complexion, -plection kara'plek/an 1-ed -d

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how hau |toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

concessionaire

complexity
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

compliance kam'plaians

'kampla^ket j-cated -^ketid

-iz

j-s

complicity ksm'plissti

compliment n 'kamplamant
compliment 'kamplajment |-ed -id
complimentary jkamplaWentari, -'mentn
complin 'kampbn j-pline -plin, -plain

comply kam'plai |-plied -'plaid

component kam'ponant j-ed -id
comport kam'port, -'part; ES

con amore jkana'mon, -'man; S -'mon;

Conan 'kanan, 'konan

Conant 'konant
conation ko'ttejan

E+

-'poat,

'kanativ

|-al -1 [-tive

concatenate kan'ketn,et, kan-

|-d -id

concatenation jkankaetn'e/an, kan^kaetn|-s -iz |-d

composite kam'pazit

concave n 'kankev, 'kag-

-d j-dly -idli

|-d -id |-tor -a^;

ES

-3(r

compos mentis 'kampas'mentis

concave adj kan'kev, kan- ('coujcave 'surface)

concave

kan'kev,

kan-

-d

|-d

compost 'kampost |-ed -id, -psstid

composure kam'posa^; ES -'po33(r

concavo-concave kan'kevokan'kev

compote 'kampot [-poted -potid

concavo-convex kan'kevokan'vEks

compound n 'kampaund
compound adj kam'paund

conceal kan'sil |-ed -d |-edly -idb

('comjpound

concede kan'sid |-ceded -'sidid

conceit kan'sit |-ed -id

compound

kam'paund, kam-

comprehend ,kampri'hend

conceivability kanjsiva'bilati

|-ed -id

|-ed -id |-ible -abl

conceivable kan'sivabl |-bly -bli

comprehensibility jkampri ^hensa 'bilati

conceive kan'siv |-ceived -'sivd

comprehensible jkampri'hEnsabl j-bly

concentrate 'kansrijtret, -sen-

comprehension jkampri'henj'an
compress n 'kampres

j-sive -siv

|-es

-iz

j-ed -t

|-edly

Concepcion

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

{Am Sp

kanjsepsi'on

compressibility kanijpresa'bilati

concept 'kansept

conceptual kan'sept/ual, -tjul

compression kara'prejan

concern kan'ss'n;

ES

|-sive -'presiv j-sor

C- kan'sepjan

|-ption,

ES

|-ly -i

-'san, -'syn;

ES

concert n 'kansyt,

-sa't;

compromise 'kampra,niaiz j-s -iz |-d -d

comptometer, C-kamp'tamata*^; ES -'tamata(r

concert v kan'syt;

ES

Compton 'kamptan, 'kAmptan

concertmaster 'kansa^t^maesta^;

comprise, -ze kam'praiz

|-s

ES

compulsion kam'pAlJan

-iz |-d -d

]maesta(r,

|-sive -siv |-sory -sari

-sst, -ss't, -sat

E + -jmas-,

ES

^konsa-

ES

'kansat-

ES

'kansat-

-^mas-

concertmeister 'kansa^t^maista^;

^maista(r; {Ger Konzert- kan'tsertiinaistar)

-p3-,

concerto kan't/Erto;

-py-, -pa-

ES

-'t/eato; {It

kon-

'tjerto)

computablHty kam;pjuta'bilati, -jpiutcomputable kam'pjutabl, -'piut-, 'kampjuta-

concession kan'sejan
concessionaire kanjse/an'er, -'aer;

ES

l-bly -bli

in full 3~47.

-d

-'sst, -'syt; |-ed -id

concertina jkansa^'tina;

-la(r; j-ship -yjip

compunction kain'pAokJ"an |-tious -/as

compurgation ^kampy'ge/an, -pa^-; ES

ibath baeO;

|-ed

|-edly -idb

-a(r

comptroller kan'trola^;

kon-

sep'sjon)

compressible kam'presabl |-bly -bli

-'presa^;

|-d -id

concentration jkansn'trejan, -ssnconcentric kan'sentrik

|-es -iz

kam'prs

-bli

-idb, -'presth

Key: See

-cavity

-'kaevati

'word)

compress

{It

jkona'mo:re)

-'p33t; |-ed -id

compose kam'poz

and

Comte kant {Fr kot)

Comus 'komas |-'s -iz
con 'against^ kan
con 'study kan conned kand

complication jkampb'kejan

compKce 'kamplis

compute kam'pjut, -'piut |-d -id

comrade 'kamraed, 'kAm-, -nd
Comstock 'kAmstak, -stok, -stak

|-cy -i 1-ant -ant

complicate adj 'kamplakit

complicate

d in

o are often pronounced with

computation jkampja'te/an, -pjc-

complexity kara'pleksati

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti (6)

-'a(r,

-'aea(r

[rate ret |yet jet Isang saeg langrj^ 'aeg-gri

far |watch wat/, wotj" (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go


confederation

95

concessionary
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

condensability kanjdensa'bilati

concessive kan'sesiv

condensable kan'densabl

and S

condensate kan'denset

conch kagk, kngk |-ed -t

Concho 'kantjo |Conchos 'kant/os

|-s's

conchology kag'kabdsi, kng-

-dsist

ES

o are often pronounced with d in

concessionary kan'ss/aiijEn

|-gist

-siz

condensation ^kanden'se/an

condense kan'dens

|-s

-iz |-d -t |-dly -idli

concihable kan'siliabl

condescend jkandi'send |-ed -id

condescendence jkandi'sendans |-dent -dant

conciliate kan'silijct j-ated -^etid

condescension jkandi'sen/an

concihation kanjsili'ejan

condign kan'dain ('con^dign 'censure)

conciliatory ksn'siliSjtori, -jtDri; S -jtori

condiment 'kandamant

concise kan'sais |-cision kan'sissn

condition kan'dijan |-ed -d |-ing -J"anig,

conclave 'kanklev, 'kag-

conditional kan'difanl, -/nal

concierge jkansi'ers;

-'e35; {Fr ko'sjers)

conclude kan'klud, -'khud

condole kan'dol

|-d -id

-d

|-d

conclusion kan'klusan, -'kliusan |-sive -siv

condolence kan'dolans, 'kandalans

concoct kan'kakt, kan- |-ed -id |-ction -k/an

condominium ^kanda'miniam

kan'kamatans, kan-

concomitance

j-cy

-i

condone kan'don
condor 'kanda^;

-ant -ant

-J"nig

|-ly -i

[-d

ES

|-s

-iz

-d |-nation jkando'ne/an

'kanda(r

ES -kaad
ES 'kagkad;

concord 'kankard, -'kag-;

NH

Concord Mass,

^kagka^d;

US, towns

elsewftere in

&" grape 'kankord;

ES 'kankaad
-iz |-d -t |-dant

ES

-'kaad-;

conductible kan'dAktabl

conduction kan'dAk/an

concrete adj kan'krit, 'kankrit,

much lessfreq.

'kag-,

ES

-'dAkta(r

conduit 'kandit, 'kanduit

cone kon coned kond

kag-, 'kag- ('conjcrete 'act)

concrete n 'kankrit, kan'krit,

j-tive -tiv

conductivity jkandAk'tivati

conductor kan'dAkta^;

-iz

|-s

\-s -iz

ES -'kaadtet
ES -'kaadia
'kag-, -kars; ES

-koas,

much

less freq.

Conejos ka'neas, -'nehas, -'nehos

concrete v 'congeal' kan'krit; 'cement' 'kankrit,

kan'krit |-d -id

see

-iz

Conemaugh 'kana^ma
conenose 'kon^noz

|-s

-iz

concubinage kan'kjubanids, -'kiub-

Conestoga jkana'stoga
coney 'koni, 'kAiu see cony

concubine 'kagkjujbain, 'kan-

Coney

concretion kan'krijan

see

kan'kjupasns,

concupiscence

-'kiu-

|-cent

'koni

confab 'kanfaeb
confabulate kan'faebjajet |-lated -^letid

-snt

concur kan'ks^;

ES

-'ky-; |-cy

confabulation kanjfaebja'le/an

-'k3(r, -'ky; j-red -d

concurrence kan'kyans;
-i |-ent

ES

-'ksr-,

-'kAr-,

confect n 'kanfekt
confect V kan'fekt j-ed -id |-ction -k/an

-ant

concussion kan'kA/an |-sive -siv

confectionary kan'fek/anjen

condemn kan'dem

confectioner kan'fek/ana^, -k/na^;

condemnable

|-ed -d |-ing -ig

'subject to condemnation'

'fit

to be

kan-

condemned' kan'demnabj

condemnation jkandEm'ne/an, -damcondemnatory kan'dEinnajtori, -jtari; S

ful |tooth tue Ifurther 'fytSa';

ES -n3(r

confectionery kan'fEkJanjEri
confederacy, C- kan'fedarasi, -'fedrasi
confederate, C- n, adj kan'fedarit, -'fedrit

l-bly -bii

[full

\-'s

(Am Sp ko'nehos)

kag-

'demabl,

|-cive -iv

|-ed -id

conductance kan'dAktans

conductibility kan^dAkta'bilati

Concordia kan'kardia;
concourse 'kankors,

kan'dAkt

|-s -iz \-d -t

-dnt

concordat kan'kardaet;

E+-kDas;

conduce kan'djus, -'dius

conduct n 'kandAkt
conduct

concordance kan'kardns, kan-;

|-s

condottiere It jkondot'tje:re

ES

confederate
-jtori

kan'fEda^ret

|-d -id j-tive -iv

confederation kanjfEda'reJ"an

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'visan

hau

[toy tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

confer

conjugal

96

Those words below in which the a sound

confer kan'fy;

ES

-'f3(r, -'fy; j-red

is spelt

conference 'kanfarans

atid

conge 'kanse {Fr ko'se)

-iz

|-s

congeal kan'dsil |-ed -d

|-es -iz |-ed -t |-edly -idli

Confessio Amantis kan^feXijO a'maentis

congee 'kand3i

confession kan'fE/an

congener 'kandsina^;

confessor kan'fesa^;

|-al -1 |-ary -jcri

ES

ES

congenial kan'dsinjal

-'fesaCr

congeniality

confide kan'f aid |-fided -'faidid

congenital kan'dsEnatl

confidence 'kanfadans

conger, C- 'kagga^;

confidential jkanfa'den/al

-jdsinji'aelati;

ES

|-ly -i

'kagga(r

congeries kan'dsiriz, -'dsiri^iz

|-ly -i

configuration kan/figja're/an

kan^dsini'selati,

-idsin'jailati

|-dent -dant

|-s -iz

-na(r

|-ly -i

confetti kan'feti (7/ kon'fetti)

confidant, -nte ;kanf a 'daent, ^kanfa^daent

-h

|-al -j |-ally

confine n 'kanfain

congest kan'dsest |-ed -id

-iv

|-ive

[-stion

-st/an

conglobate kan'globet, 'kagglojbet

confine v kan^fain |-d -d j-dly -idli

ES

confirm kan'fa^m;

-'fsm, -'fym; |-ed -d

|-edly -idli |-atory -ajtori, -a^tari; S -a,tori

ES jkanfakan'fymativ; ES -'fsm-, -'fym-

confirmation jkanfa^'me/an;
confirmative

-'fiut |-d -id

Congaree jkagga'ri

conferee jkanfaVi

confess kan'fes

o are often pronounced with d in

confute kan'fjut,

-d

conglomerate n, adj kan'glamarit; -'glamnt

conglomerate

kan'glamajtet -rated -^retid

|

conglomeration kan jglama 're/an

Congo 'kaggo

confiscate 'kanfis^ket, kan'fisket |-d -id

congratulate kan'graet/ajet |-lated -jletid

confiscation jkanfis'ke/an

congratulation kanjgraetJa'IeXan

confiscatory kan'fiska,tori, -jtari; S -jtori

congratulatory

confiture 'kanfijt/ur;

ES

conflagrate 'kanfla^gret

congregation jkaggri'gefan

conflate kan'flet |-d -id |-tion -'fle/an

-li,

conflux 'kanfUks

|-s

-kjan

-jizam

-iz |-ent -ant

ES

ES

-/nal |-ally

jkaggri'ge/anl,

-/nal

[-ism

|-ist -ist

congress 'kaggras, -is

|-es iz |-ed -t
|-ly -i

congressman 'kaggrasman |-men -man

-'faam; |-ed -d

conformable kan'farmabl;

-'faam-;

|-bl}'

congresswoman 'kaggras^wuman, -jwu- |-men

-iz

Congreve 'kangriv, ^kagcongruence 'kaggruans, 'kan^gruans, -jgriu-

-jwimin, -an

-bli

ES -'faam-;
conformation jkanfar'mejan; ES -faaconformist kan'farmist; ES -'faamconformity kan'farmati; ES -'faam-

conformance kan'farmans;

|-s

|-s

-IZ |-cy -I |-ent -ant

congruity kan'gruati, -'griu-

confound kan'faund, kan-; 'damn' 'kan'faund

congruous 'kaggruas
conic 'kanik

|-ed -id

confrere 'kanfrer;

ES

ES

-ikh

-fa(r

coniferous ko'nifaras

Confucian kan'fjujan,

-'fiu- |-ism

Confucius kan'fju/as,

-'fiu-

confuse kan'fjuz, -'fiuz

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

conifer 'konafa^, 'kan-;

-fra(r

confront kan'frAnt |-ed -id

-idh.

|-al -1,

congressional kan'gre/anl, -Jnal

|-es -iz

conform kan'farm;

-/nail

Congregational

'kanflikt

conflict V kan'flikt |-ed -id |-ction

confluence 'kanfluans, -fliu-

-jtari;

congregate 'kaggri^get [-gated -igetid

-grated -jgretid

conflagration ,kanf la 'gre/an

conflict

kan'graetjalajton,

-jtori

-/tXua(r

|-s

-jizam

-iz

|-d

Coningsby 'kAnigzbi
Coniston 'kanistan

-iz

|-'s

-d [-dly

-dh

conjectural kan'dsekt/aral

conjecture kan'dsekt/a';

confusion kan'fjusan, -^fiujan

[-ly -i

ES

-tja(r;

confutation jkanfju'te/an, -fiu-

conjoin kan'dsain [-ed -d |-edly -idli

confutative kan'fjutativ, -'fiu-

conjugal 'kandgugl

Key: See

in full

|bath baeO;

3^7.

bee bi |pity

bae (10) |ah a

|-d

-d

|-ring -'dsekt/arig, -'dsskt/rig

|far far

'piti

|-t -t

|-ty -i

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gn

|watch wat/, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go


conjugality

consociate

97

Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

consanguineous (kansaeg'gwinias

conjugate

n, adj

conscience 'kan/ans

conjugate

'hands ugit, -iget

'kandsa^get -gated -igetid

o are often pronounced with d in

conjugality ^kandsu'gaebti

|-s

and S

|-nity -nati

-iz

conscientious ikan/i 'En/as, /kansi-

conjugation jkand33'geXan

conscionable 'kan/anabl |-bly -bh

conjunct ksn'dsAgkt ('con^junct Verb)

conscious 'kan/as

conjunction kan'dsAgkJan

conscribe kan'skraib |-scribed -'skraibd

|-tive -tiv

conjunctiva jkandsAgk'taiva

conscript n, adj 'kanskript

conjunctivitis kanjdsAgktaVaitis

conjuncture kan'dsAgkt/a^ ;

ES

conscript v kan'skript |-ed -id |-ption -p/an

-tJaCr; |-ral -al

conjuration jkandsu'rejan

conjure

ES

'kAndsa^, 'kan-;

'jtiggle'

-d33(r;

consecutive kan'sEkjativ

consensus kan'sEnsas |-suses -sasiz

l-d-d

conjure 'implore' kan'dsur, -'dsiur;

ES

-3(r;

consent kan'sEnt |-ed -id

]-ient -'sEn/ant

consequence 'kansa^kwEns

l-d-d
conjurer, -or 'juggler' 'kAndsara*, 'kan-;

ES

|-s

|-ly -i

consequentiality ^kansa ^kwEn/i 'aelati

ES -'s3v-, -'ss^vES -'s3v-, -'syvconservation jkansa^Vefan; ES ^kansaconservatism kan'ss^va/tizam; ES -'ssv-,

conservable kan'syvabl;

-r3(r

conjuror 'coswearer' kan'dsura', -'dsiu-;

ES

-r3(r

Conkling 'kagklig

Connacht 'kanaxt, -nat

Connaught 'kanot
Conneaut 'kani pt
connect ka'nekt

Connecticut

-'ss'v-

conservatoire

ka'netikat

Brit

Tlie

ES

pron.

Am currency.

Connelly 'kanli

conservator

'preserver'

bank

'syvata^,

kan-

ES

kan'ss^vata^;

conservatory kan'ss^va^tori, -jtan;

ES

kan-

's3vajtori, -'ss'v-, E+-jtari

conning 'kanig

conserve n 'kans3"v, kan's^v;

conserve
|-s -iz

[-cy -i |-ant -ant

connive ka'naiv |-nived -'naivd |-vent -ant

connoisseur ^kana'sy;

ES

-'s3(r,

-'sy;

(Fr

connaisseur kane'soeir)

ES

kan'syv;

ES

-yv

Conshohocken jkanja'hakan
consider kan'sida^;

ES

-'sida(r; [-ed -d |-ing

-'sidarig, -'sidrig

considerable kan'sidarabl, -'sidrabi |-bly -bii

considerate kan'sidarit, -'sidrit

connotative 'kanajtetiv, ka'notativ

consideration kan^sidaVe/an

connote ka'not -noted -'notid

consign kan'sain |-ed -d

connubial ka'nubial, -'niub-, -'njub-

|-ly -i

conoid 'konaid

consignee jkansai'ni, -si'ni

consigner kan'saina^;

ES -ka(r;
-a^; ES -a(r

conquer 'kagka^, 'kogka^, 'kagka^;

|-ed -d |-ing -karig, -krig |-or

conquest 'kankwEst, 'kagconquistador kan'kwistajdar;

-3V,

-'s3v, -'syv; |-d -d

connotation jkana'te/an

ES

-^daaCr

-'saina(r

consignor

kan'saina^;

&

ES

-'saina(r;

(^con-

jconsign'or)

consist kan'sist |-ed -id

consistence kan'sistans |-cy

'kanrsed

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fy'Sa^;

ES

consignment kan'sainmant
sign'ee

Conroe 'kanro
consanguine kan'saeggwin
|full

-jssva-

'kansa^jveta^,

officer

conniption ka'nipXan

-e

ES

'kansajveta(r, kan's3vata(r, kan'syvata(r

connection, -nexion ka'nEk/an |-ctive -ktiv

connivance ka'naivans

-'ssv-, -'syv-

kan^syva'twar;

'twa:(r, -jS3^va'twa:(r; (Fr kosrva'twa:r)

|-ed -id [-ible, -able -abl

spelling, has fio

conservancy kan'syvansi;

conservative kan's^vativ;

ka'nEktikat, based on the current erroneous

Conrad,

|-quent

-iz

-jkwEnt
consequential jkansa'kwEnJal

-r3(r

conjurer, -or 'petitioner' kan'dsura^, -'dsiu-;

ES

consecrate 'kansijkret [-crated -jkretid

consecration jkansi^kre/an

-i |-ent

-ant

consistory kan'sistari, -'sistri

consociate n, adj kan'so/iit, -JiiCt

ES

'f3'Sa

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

Visan [Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


contemporaneous

98

consociate
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

o are often pronounced with n in

and S

consociate v kan'so/i^et |-ated -jctid

construable kan'stniabl, -'stnu-

consociation kanjsosi'efan, -jSo/i-

construct adj kan'strAkt ('con^struct 'state)

consol 'kansal, kan'sal

construct n 'kanstrAkt

-z

|-s

construct v kan'strAkt |-ed -id

consolable kan'sobbl |-bly -bh

construction kan'stTAktJan

consolation jkansa'le/an

consolatory kan'salajton,

-jtari;

S -jton

-1

[-al

|-ally

in Shak.

construe kan'stni, -'stnu |-d -d

console n 'kansol

conster 'kansta^

console v kan'sol |-soled -'sold

consolidate kan'sala^det |-dated -,detid

consubstantial (konsab'staenjal

consolidation kan^sala'de/an

consubstantiality jktmsabjstaenji'aelati

consomme jkansa'me

consubstantiate jkansab'staenjijet |-ed -id

consonance 'kansanans

consuetude 'kcmswi^tjud, -^tiud, -jtud

|-ly -i

consuetudinary

consonantly 'kansananth
consort n 'kansart;
consort v kan'sart;

ES
ES

ES

-a(r

consulate 'kanslit, 'kansjalit

consult n 'kansAlt, kan'sAlt

conspicuous kan'spikjuas

ES

consult V kan'sAlt |-ed -id |-ant -nt

-ta(r; |-acy -asi

consultation jkansl'te/an

conspiratorial kan^spira 'tonal, -'tar-; S -'tor-;

consultative kan'sAltativ

|-ly_-i

ES -'spaia(r; |-d
kan'spaira^; ES -'spaira(r

-d

conspire kan'spanr;

conspirer

ES

consular 'konsla^, 'kansjala^;

-'saa/-; |-ia -la

|-es -iz

conspirator kan'spirata^ ;

-'tiud-,

consul 'kansl ]-ship -^/ip

-'saat; |-ed -id

conspectus kan'spektas

^ktmswi'tjudnjen,

-'tud-

-saat

consortium kan'sar/iam;

|-ly -i

consubstantiation jkansabjstaenji'ejan

|-cy -i |-ant -ant

consonantal jkansa'naentl

-li

|-tive -tiv

constable 'kanstabi, 'kAn

now more freq. than

consultatory kan'sAlta^tori,

-jtari;

-jtori

consultory kan'sAltan

consumable kan'sumabl, -'sium-, -'sjumconsume kan'sum, -'sium, '-sjum |-d -d

T}ie sp. pron. is

the traditional one; see

l-dly-idli

next.

consumer kan'suma^,

Constable 'kAnstabl
constabulary kan'staebja Jen

Constance 'kanstans

|-'s

-jtin

Constantinople jkanstaenta'nopl, -staentn'opj

consumption kan'sAmpJan

constellation jkansta'lejan

contact 'kantaekt |-ed -id

consternate 'kansta^^net;

ES

consternation jkansta^'ne/an;

ES

consummate adj kan'sAmit

consummate v 'kansajinet |-mated -^metid
consummation jkansa 'me/an

-iz

constancy 'kanstansi |-tant -tant

Constantine 'kanstan^tain,

-'siuma', -'sjuma';

-a(r

contagion kan'tedsan j-gious -dsas

'kansta-; |-d -id

ES

|-tive -tiv

jkonsta-

contain kan'ten |-ed -d

constipate 'kansta^pet |-pated -jpetid

contaminate kan'tasma^net |-nated -^netid

constipation /kansta 'pejan

contamination kanjtaema'ne/an

constituency kan'stit/uansi |-ent -ant

contemn kan'tem

constitute 'kansta,tjut, -jtiut, -jtut |-d -id

contemnible kan'temnabl

constitution jkansta'tju/an, -'tin-, -'tu-

contemner kan'tema^; ES -'temaCr

contemnor kan'temna^; ES -'temnaCr

|-al -j

l-aUy -h

contemplate 'kantam^plet, kan'templet

-,tu-

constrain kan'stren |-ed -d |-edly -idb

constrict kan'strikt |-ed -id |-or

-a^;

ES

|-t

contemplative 'kantanijpletiv, kan'templativ

-t

contemporaneity kan jtempara 'niati

-a(r

contemporaneous kan^tEmpa'tenias

constriction kan'strik/an |-tive -tiv

See in full 3~47.

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

1-d -id

contemplation jkantam'ple/an

constitutive 'kansta^tjutiv, -jtiu-, -fu-

[bath baeO;

|-bly -bli

contemplable kan'templabl

constitutionality jkanstajtjujan'aelati, -jtiu-,

Key:

|-ed -d |-edly -nidli

far

'piti
|

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeo |angr>^ 'aeg-gri

watch

watj", wotj" (12) |jaw

dsa gorge gards |go go

]

contemporary
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

contemporary kan'tempajreri
contempt kan'tempt

E and S

^kantradi'stigk/an

|-tive

-tiv

contraindication ^kantra jinda 'ke/an

-bli

contemptuous kan'temptjuas
contend kan'tsnd |-ed -id
content n 'satisfaction^ kan'tent, 'what

contralto kan'traelto

contraposition jkantrapa'zifan
is con-

contraption kan'traepjan

contrapuntal /kantra'pAntI

tained' 'kontent, kan'tent

content adj, v kan'tEnt |-ed -id

contention kan'tEn/an

o are often pronounced with D in

contradistinction

contemptible ksn^temptdbl |-bly

conterminous

contuse

99

]-ly -i

contrariety jkantra'raiati

|-al -1 ]-tious

contrarily

-Jas

ES

kan'tymanas;

-'tam-,

-'tym-

'kantiErah,

esp.

emph. kan-

if

'trerali, -'trer-

contrarious kan'ttErias, -'trer-

contest n 'kantEst

contrariwise 'kantrErijwaiz

contest V kan'test |-ed -id [-ant -ant

contrary

context 'kantEkst

'kantreri;

'opposite'

'perverse'

'kantren, kan'trEri, -'treri

contextual kan'tEkstJual, kan-

contrast

|-ly -i

ES

contexture kan'tEkst/a^, kan-;

-'tEkstXa(r

'kontraest

contrast v kan'traest [-ed -id

contiguity jkanti'gjuati, -'giu-

contravene jkantra'vin |-vened -'vind

contiguous kan'tigjuas

contravention ^kantra'vEn/an

continence 'kantanans |-cy

continental jkanta'nEntl

|-nent -nant

-i

contingence kan'tindsans |-cy

continual kan'tinjual

-i

|-gent -dsant

contribute kan'tribjut

[-d -bjatid

contribution jkantra'bjujan, -'biu/an

|-ly -i

continuance kan'tinjuans

contredanse Fr kotra'dars

contretemps Fr kotra'ta

j-ly -i

|-s

ES

contributor kan'tnbjata^;

-iz |-ant -ant

-ta(r

continuation kan^tinju'eXan

contributory kan'tribjajtori,

continue kan 'tin ju

contrite 'kontrait, kan'trait ('con^trite 'heart,

|-d

-d |-dly -judh

continuity ^kanta'nuati, -'niu-, -'nju-

contour 'kantur;

ES

ES

controllable kan'trolabl |-bly -bh

contra 'kantra

controller kan'trola^;

contraband 'kantra jbaend |-age -ids

contrabandism 'kantrabaendjizam

|-ist -ist

ES

ES

-Jip
-'v3-,

-jvasi, -^vysi

controvert 'kantra^vyt, jkontra'vyt;

|-tive -tiv

-s't; |-ed

contract n 'kantraekt
tract' +\antTxiit |-ed -id

ES

-st,

-id

controvertible

contract v 'shrink' kan'traekt, 'make a con-

/kantra'vs'tabl;

ES

-'yyt-; acc/+'controjvertible |-bly

-'v3t-,

-bh

contumacious jkantju'inejas, ^kantu-

contumacy 'kantjumasi, 'kantucontumehous /kantju'milias, jkantucontumely 'kantjumah,

'kantu-,

contractible kan'traektabl |-bly -bb

-til

contractility jkantraek'tilati

contraction kan'traekjan |-tive -tiv

contractor 'kantraekta^, kan'traekta^ ;
contractual kan'traektjual

-'trola(r; |-ship

-'va^-; |-ly -i

contraclockwise /kantra 'klakjwaiz

contractile kan'traektl,

ES

controversial ;kantra'v3j"al, -sial;

controversy 'kantra jvs^si;

|-es -iz

contraception jkantra'sEpJan

-iz [-cy -i

control kan'trol -trolled -'trold

-'taa/an

-tua(r; |-ed -d

contrabass 'kantra^bes

|-s

contrive kan'traiv |-d -d

-'taat; |-ed -id

contortion kan'tar/an;

kan'tjumab,

ES

-ta(r

|-ly -i

contradict jkantra'dikt |-ed -id

ful |tooth tu9 [further 'fytJa^;

-jinih,

Only a bookword. Formerly 'kantjujinili, as in Chapman and probably Shak. Hood has kan-'tiu-,

-'tu-

'tjumili {rime gloomily).

contradiction jkantra'dik/an |-tory -tan,

|full

contrition kan'trijan

contrivance kan'traivans

-njua

kan 'tart; ES

-^tori

'hearts con'trite)

continuous kan'tinjuas |-nuum -njuam [-nua

contort

-]tori;

ES

-tri

contuse kan'tjuz,

-'tiuz, -'tuz j-s -iz \-d -d

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how

hau

|toy tai

lusing 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

contusion

100

Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

contusion kan'tjujan, -'tius-, -'tu3-

convince kanVins

convalescence jkanva'ksns j-cy

convection kanVekJan

-i

|-scent -snt

-iz {Fr

|-s

and

|-ly -i

conviviality kan^vivi'selati

convocation jkanva'ke/an

|-al -1

convenance 'kanva^nans

-iz |-d -t j-dly -idli

|-s

convivial kanVivial

-iz |-d -t

|-s

D in

o are often pronounced with

convict V kan'vikt |-ed -id |-ction -k/an

conundrum ka'nAndram
convalesce jkanvs'les

copal

kov'na:s)

]-al -I |-ally -li

convoke kanVok |-voked -Vokt

convene kanVin |-vened -Vind

convolute 'kanva Jut,

convenience kanVinjans

convolution jkanva'lujan, -'hujan, -vl'jujan

|-s

-iz |-ient -jant

convolvulus, C- kanValvjalas

convent 'kanvent
conventical kanVentikl

|-ly -i

conventicle kanVentikl |-d -d

convention kanVenJan

|-al -1,

-/nal |-ally

-li,

-/nail

kanVen/anljizam,

conventionalism

-/nal-

conventionalize kanVenJanljaiz, -Jnal-

j-s

j-ly -i

ES -Vads,

-Vs^ds;

|-s -iz

l-d-d

-Vyds-;

ES

kanVydsans;

convergence

|-cy -i |-gent

-Vys-;

-vas-,

ES

|-al

conycatcher 'koni^kaetJV, 'kAni-;

coo ku cooed kud

ES

-jkaet/aCr

cook kuk Icooked kukt

-n

|-y, -ie -i

converse n 'kanvys;

ES

-V3S, -vys;

kanVys;

adj

ES

'kuli

cool-headed 'kul'hEdid ('cool-jheaded 'move)

[-'s

-iz

coolie, -ly 'kuli

converse v kan'v^s;

coomb; coombe, coom 'valley'

coon kun ]cooned kund

-Vys;

coop kup, kup; S kup, kup;

cooper, C- 'kupa^, 'kupa^;

ES

-Vss, -Vys;

j-s

kum

co-op ko'ap, 'kojop

|-s -iz

-Vss,

('con^verse Hvind)

|-ed -t

S 'kupa(r,

-pa(r;

'kup-; |-ed -d |-ing -pang, -prig

-iz

co-operate adj ko'aparit, -'aprit

l-d-t

conversion kan'v3/an, -3an;

ES

-Vs-, -Vy-

ES -vst, -v^t
convert v kan'vyt; ES -Vst, -Vyt; |-ed
convertibility kanjvyta'bilati; ES

co-operate v ko'apajret |-rated -^retid

co-operation ko,apa'reJan, jkoapa-

convert n 'kanvyt;

-id

co-operative ko'apajtetiv, -'aprativ

-iVst-,

Cooperstown 'kupa^z^taun, 'kup-;

convertible

-paz-; S

'kupaz-, 'kup-

-jvyt-

l-bly

|-ery -an,

cool kul cooled kuld

coolly 'kuli, 'kulli

-/nal-;

jkanva^'sejanlist,

jkanva-

converse

When the word was popuwas pron. 'kAiu; since it became a

Coolidge 'kulids

^kanva-;

-h

conversationalist

ES

-idli

'koni, 'kAiu

Cooley

ES

|-cy -i |-sant -snt

conversation jkanva^'sejan;
-ally

-Vsds-,

-dsant

conversance 'kanva^sns, kanVs^sns;

-jlai

book-word, sp. pron. has prevailed.

converge kanVyds;

-'v3s-,

[-li

'ktinwe

lar, it

-iz

-d

conventual kanVentJual

-1

Conway
cony

conventionality kanjVEn/an'aslati

|-es -iz

convoy n 'kanvai
convoy v kanVai |-ed -d
convulse kanVAls |-s -iz j-d -t |-dly
convulsion kanVAl/an j-sive -siv
Conwell 'kanwel

|-ist -ist

l-d

-^liut |-d -id

kanV^tabl; ES -Vst-, -Vyt-;

-bk

co-opt ko'apt |-opted -'aptid

co-ordinate, n, adj ko'ardnit, -^et;

convex adj kanVsks, kan- ('con/vex 'surface)

convex n, v 'kanveks |-es -iz |-ed -t, v+

kanVeks

co-ordinate v ko'ardnjet;

ES

convey kanVe

|-ed

-d

Coos
|-ance

-ans |-ances

-'aad-

ES -jDadn'e/an
ES -'aadnjctiv

co-ordination koprdn'e/an;
co-ordinative ko'ardn,etiv;

convexity kanVeksati

ES

-'aad-; |-d -id

NH ko'as,

'koas; Oreg

kus

coot kut Icooted 'kutid

cop kap copped kapt

-ansiz

convict n 'kanvikt

Key:

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

copal 'kopl, 'kopael

bee bi |pity

baO (10) jah a

|far

'piti (6)

|rate ret lyet jet jsang saeg [angr}- 'jeg-gn

far |watch watj,

wntj (12) Ijaw dsa |gorge gards

|go

go

cormorant

101

coparcenary
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

ES

and

E+

coral 'karal, 'kar-, 'kor-, 'kor- [-ed -d

-Va:sn3(r,

E+

Coran ko'ran, -'raen

CoraopoHs jkori'aplis,

-Va:scoparcener ko'pcrsna';

o are often pronounced with o in

-'pa:s-,

ES

coparcenary ko'parsnjn;

jkora'-'ap-,

-plis,

jkar-; S ^kor-

-'pa:s-

copartner

ES

ko'partna';

E+

-'pa:tn3(r,

corbel 'karbl;
corbie 'karbi;

-Va:t-

ES
ES

'kaabl; |-ed -d

'kaabi

ES

cope kop [coped kept

Corcoran 'karkaran;

copeck, -pec 'kopek

cord kard;

Copeland 'koplsnd
Copenhagen jkopan'hegan {Dan jkopn'haun)

ES kaa'dilja
ES kaa'del ('Cor, dell 'Hull)
cordial 'kardsal; ES 'kaads-; Brit -dial |-ly -i
cordiality kar'dsaelati ES ka-; Brit -di'aelcordillera, C- kar'dilara, jkardil'jera; ES ka-,
jkaa-; (Am Sp ^karSi'jera)

ES

Copernicus ko'ps^nikas;
|-'s

-'pan-, -'pyn-;

-kan

-iz |-can

Cophetua ko'letjua
Copiah ks'pais, ko-

ES

kaad;

Cordelia kar'dilja;
Cordell kar 'del;

cordite 'kardait

Cordoba 'kardova; ES

%api'3(r

ES

'kaa-; {Sp 'kartJo^a)

coping 'kopio

cordoba 'kardaba;

copious 'kopias

cordon 'kardn;

Coplay

Cordova 'kardava; ES

'kapli [Copley 'kapli

copper

ES

'kapa^;

'kap3(r;

[-ed

-d

(-ing

Copperfield 'kapa^jfild;

ES

'kaadn; [-ed -d

'kapa-

copperplate 'engrave' 'kapa'jplet;

ES

jkaada-; ('cordu^roy

ES

'kaad-;

ES 'kapaES 'kapa-;

copper-plate 'plate with copper' 'kapa^'plet;

ES

'kapa-; [-d -id ('copper- jplated 'medal)

ES

-;

[-er

'kapa-; [-ths -6s

-iz [-d -t

cordwood 'kard^wud; ES 'kaadcore kor, kar; ES koa(r, E+kaa(r;

Corea ko'ria |-n -n

|-d -d

corelation ^koTi'le/an
coreligionist ^koTi'lidsanist

corella ka'rela
Corelli ka'reli

copra 'kapra

coreopsis jkori'apsis, jkari-; S ^kon-

copse kaps [copses 'kapsiz jcopsed kapst

corespondent jkcn'spandant

Copt kapt Coptic 'kaptik

Corfu

copula 'kapjala

'karf ju, -fiu, kar'fu;

Corgi 'kargi;

copulate adj 'kapjalit

ES

ES

'kaa-, kaa-

'kaagi

coriander jkori'aenda^, ,kari-;

copulate V 'kapjajlet [-lated

ES

,kori'aenda(r,

E+jkari-

- jetid

copulation jkapja'lejan |-tive 'kapjajletiv

Corin 'karin, 'kar-, 'kor-

copy 'kapi [copied 'kapid

copybook 'kapi^buk

Corinna ka'rina

[-pyist -ist

Corinth 'karinG, 'kar-, 'kor-

[-ian

ka'rinGian

copyhold 'kapijhold

Coriolanus jkaria'lenas, ,kar-, jknr-

copyright 'kapi^rait [-ed -id

Corioles ka'raiajliz, -liz

coquet ko'ket [-quetted -'ketid

cork, C- kark;

coquetry 'kokitri, ko'kEtri

corival ko'raivl, ka-

coquette ko'ket [-quetted -'kstid

corkscrew 'kark,skru, -jskriu;

Coquille ko'kil

Corliss 'karlis;

'kora, 'kara; S 'kora

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytSa^;

ES kaak;

[-'s

-iz

[-li

|-'s

-iz

-,lai

[-ed -t

ES 'kaakES 'kaahs; |-'s -iz

corm karm; ES kaam
cormorant 'karmarant; ES 'kaam-

coracle 'karakl, 'kar-, 'kor[full

ES

-a(r

l-d -id

Cora

some

'kaa-; [-n -n

places Cor'dova

cordwain 'kardwen;

'kapa-

copperplate 'engraving' 'kapa^jplet;

coppersmith 'kapa^jsmiO;

'kaa-

'road)

ES

copperhead, C- 'kapa'jhed;

|-s

US

ES

corduroy ^karda'rai;

'kaparig, 'kaprig

copperas 'kaparas, 'kapras

coppice 'kapis

'kaakaran

[-ed -id [-age -ids

copestone 'kopjSton

copier 'kapia';

ES

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy tai

'em 'kipm

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep


corrugate

102
corn korn;
-jkab;

ES koan;

|-ed -d |-cake -^kek |-cob

ES+'ikob

corporeal kar'porial, -'par-;

ES 'kaania
ES koa'ne {Fr kb'r'ne:j)
cornel 'karnl, -nel; ES 'kaanCornelia kar'nilja, ka^-; ES kaa'nllja, kacornelian ^carnelian' kar'niljan, ka^-; ES kaa-,
cornea 'karma;

Corneille kar'ne;

ES kaa-, ka-;

[-'s

-iz

ES kaa'nel; ('Cor^nell 'cap)

corneous 'kariuas; ES 'kaanias
corner 'karna^; ES 'kaana(r; ]-ed -d A disCornell kar'nel;

'kana^ is sometimes

heard

|-ly -i

corposant 'karpa^zaent;

cornerstone 'karna^^ston;

cornerways 'karna^^wez;

ES 'kaanaES 'kaana-;

ES koa(r, E+kaa(r; \pl -ps -z

ES kaaps; |-s -iz
'karpjalans; ES 'kaap-; |-cy -i

corpse karps;

|-nt -nt

ES

corpus 'karpas;

Corpus Christi
Church +-tai

'kaap-; j-es -iz |-pora -para

'karpas'knsti;

corpuscular kar'pAskjala^;

ES

ES

'kaa-, kaa-

ka'pAskjalaCr

ES 'kaap'karpasdi'hktai; ES 'kaap-

corral ka'rael [-led -d

correction ka'rek/an |-tive -tiv

correctitude ka'rekta^tjud, -jtiud, -^tud

cornettist, -netist kar'ntist;

ES kaa-

corrector ka'rekta^;

ES 'kaanjflaua(r
cornflower 'karn^flaua^; ES 'kaanjflau-a(r
cornice 'karnis; ES 'kaanis; |-s -iz |-d -t
Cornish 'karnij; ES 'kaanij; |-man, -men
corn-flour 'karn^flaur;

-man

ES

-'rektaCr

Corregidor ka'rgajdar;

ES

{Am Sp

-^daaCr;

ka^rrEhi'Sar)
correlate 'kara,let, 'kar-, 'kor- |-d -id

correlation jkara'le/an, jkar-, jknrcorrelative ka'iElativ j-vity kajrsla'tivati

ES

cornstarch 'karn^startX, -'start/;

,sta:t/, -'start/,

karn'wahs,

|-'s

correspond ^kara'spand, jkar-, jknr-;

-'wnl-,

|-n

-'wal-;

-n

corridor

ES
ES

'karada^,

'kar-,

'kor-,

geog. + -jdar;

-da(r, -jdaa(r; |-ed -d

corrie 'kari, 'kari, 'kori

Corrigan 'karagan, 'kar-, 'kor-

-iz

corrigendum ^kari'dsendam,

corody 'karadi, 'kar-, 'korcorolla ka'rala; ES+-'rDla

'kara,kri,

'kar-,

^kar-, ^kor- |-da

-da
'kor-,

Brit

ka-

corrigibility jkarad3a'bilati, ^kar-, jknr-

corrigible 'karadsabl, 'kar-, 'kor- |-bly -bli

'rolari

corona, C- ka'rona

|-s

corrival ka'raivl

-z |-nae -ni

n ka'rabari; ES-h-'rob-

coronach 'karanax, 'kar-, 'kor-

corrobboree,

coronal n 'karanl, 'kar-, 'kor-

corroborant ka'rabarant; ES+-'rDb-

ka'ronl,

adj

'karanl,

'kar-,

'kor-

-ri

corroborate adj ka'rabarit; ES+-'rDbcorroborate v ka'raba^ret; ES+-'rDb-; |-d -id

l-ly-i

coronary 'karajneri, 'kar-, 'kor-

|-tive -tiv

coronation ^kara'ne/an, jkar-, jkorcoroner 'karana^, 'kar-, 'kor-;

ES

-na(r

corroboration ka,raba're/an; ES+-jrDb-

corroboratory ka'rabarajtori,
corroboree,

Corot ka'ro

corroboree v ka'rabajri

ES 'kaap-; |-ly-i
corporality jkarpa'raelati; ES jkaapcorporate adj 'karpant, 'karprit; ES 'kaapcorporate v 'karpa^ret; ES 'kaap-; |-d -id

corrode ka'rod |-roded -'rodid

corporal 'karparal, 'karpral;

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

-ri

-jtari;

-itori

n ka'rabari; ES+-'rDb-

coronet 'karamt, 'kar-, 'kor- |-ed -id, -^netid

Key;

ES+

-'spond; |-ed -id |-ence -ans |-ent -ant

ES jkaana-;
ES 'kaan-

Cornwall 'karnwal, -wal;

Cornwallis

'kaan-

E+-a:t/

cornucopia jkarna'kopia;

coronal

'kaap-;

correct ka'rekt j-ed -id

cornet 'karmt, kar'nst, musical instr. kar'ntt;

corollary

,kaap'kaap-

corps kor, kar;

corpus delicti
|-\vise

-jwaiz

kaan-;

ES
ES

corpuscle 'karpasl, 'karpxvsl;

(121).

ES

-'panal;

corporeity jkarpa'riati;

corpulence

kaCornelius kar'niljas, ks'-;

similated pron.

ES jkaapES ka'ponal, E+

corporation jkarpa 're/an;

|-d

-d

corrosion ka'ro3an |-sive -siv

corrugate adj 'karagit, 'karja-, 'kar-, 'kor-,

-iget

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet Jt |sang saeg langrj- 'aeg-gri
baO (10) [ah a |far far |watch wat/, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go


corrugate

cotemporary

103

Those words below in which the a sound

corrugate v

'karajget,

is spe,//

'kor-

'kar-,

'korja-,

cosecant ko'sikant, -kaent

l-d -id

cosey 'cozy' 'kozi

corrupt ka'rApt j-ed -id 1-ption -pjan

Cosgrave 'kazgrev, 'knz-

corruptibility kajtApta'bilati

Coshocton ka'/oktan

corruptible ka'rAptabl |-bly -bh

cosie 'cozy' 'kozi

cosignatory ko'signajtori,

'kori, 'kari, 'kori

ES

corsage kor'sas;

kaa'sas;

corsair 'karser, -saer;

corse kars;
corselet

ES

koas;

corset 'korsit;

ES

ES

ES

-sae3(r

'kaos-; 'under-

ES

S -jton

cosmic 'kozmik

'kos-, -as

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

cosmogony kaz'magani, -'mng-

jkaas-

cosmographic jkazma'graefik

'kaasit; |-ed -id

Corsica 'korsika;

Cos lettuce 'kasjktis,

cosmetic kaz'mEtik

-iz

ES

-jtari;

cosine 'kosam

-iz

[-s

'kD3se3(r,

|-s

armor' 'k3rslit;

garment' jkarsl'et;

'koasika; |-n -n

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

-ikli

ES jkaasES 'kaaslit
Corson 'korsn; ES 'koasn
cortege kar'tes, -hzy, ES kaa-; {Fr karHsrs)
Cortes Sp b' Pg legist, 'kortiz; ES 'koat-;
{Sp 'kartes, Pg 'kartej)
Cortes, -ez Sp soldier 'kartEz; ES 'koatez;
Corsicana jkorsi'kaena;

cosmography kaz'magrafi, -'mng-

corslet 'karslit;

cosmology kaz'maladgi

{Sp kar'tes)
cortex

|-'s

cosm.opolitan jkazma'palatn |-ism -,izam

cosmopolitanize jkozma'palatrijaiz

'kaa-;

-iz

|-es

|-tices

ES kaa; |-es -iz

'kortikl; ES 'kaa-; |-ly -i

-ti |-tal -tl |-tally -tli

ES

costard, C- 'kasta^d;

cortical

Costa Rica 'kasta'rika, 'kns-,

'kartikit,

ES

-jket;

'kaa-;

|-n

ES

'koat-,

E+

'kastad
'kos-

'kas-,

-n

costermonger

|-cated -jketid

Cortland 'kortland, ^kort-;

'kasta' jmAgga^,

'kos-;

ES

-tajmAog3(r
costive 'kastiv, 'kos-

'kaat-

corundum ka'rAndam

costly 'kastli, 'kost-

costmary

coruscant ka'rAskant
coruscate 'karasjket, 'kar-, 'kor-

[-d -id

Corvallis kar'vaehs;

corvee kar've;

ES

ES

kaa-;

|-'s

jkara'b^entiz

|-ic

Corydon 'karadn,

l-r-a';

-s |-es

|-s

jkara'baentik

cosy

'kar-, 'kor-, -jdan, -jdon

coryphaeus

'kar-, 'kor-,

^kara'fias,

^kar-,

ES

-a(r

costumier kas'tjumia'; -'tium-, -'turn-;

-i-a(r;

-im

'cozy' 'kozi

see cote

cotangent ko'taendgant

jkor-

|-es

-iz

cotangential jkotaen'dsenjal
cote kot

|-phaei -'fiai

coryphee jkara'fe, ^kara'fe, jknra'fe

{Fr kari'fe)

|-s

-z

cot

words in the

b' cote are distinct, hut related,

oldest English, hut Imve

become

confused in spelling.

coryza ka'raiza

cotemporaneous kojtempa'reiuas, 'kotempacotemporary ko'tmpajreri

cose 'kos' kos

ful [tooth tue [further 'fySa^;

ES

{Fr kasty'mjc)

cot kat Icotted 'katid

Coryell jkori'2l, ^kar-; S jkor-

corymb 'karimb,

-jmaeri;

costume n 'kastjum, 'kos-, -tium, -turn

costume v kas'tjum, kos-, -'tium, -'turn ]-d -d

ES kaaVet

'karajb^ent, 'kar-, 'kar-

'kost-,

-jmen

costrel 'kastral, 'kos-

-iz

koa've; {Fr kiir've)

corvette, -vet kar'vet;

'kastjineri,

-jmaeri,

coruscation jkaras'ke/an, jkar-, ^kor-

|full

-d

cost kast, kost

cortez kar'tes;

Corybant

-iz j-d

cosmos 'kazmas, -mas |-es -iz

Cossack 'kasaek, 'kos-, -ak

costa 'kasta |-tae

-tijsiz

adj

|-s

cosmopolite kaz'mapa,Iait

cosset 'kasit, 'kosit |-ed -id

-iz

ES

'karteks;

corticate

and

corrugation jkara'ge/an, jk3rJ3-, ikar-, jkor-

Corry

o are often pronounced with d in

cose 'coze' koz coses 'koziz cosed kozd

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

cote n ant

countermine

104

Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

count kaunt [counted 'kauntid

coterie 'kotari

countenance 'kauntanans

ES -Hsm-, -HymES -'Bsn-, -'Os^n-;

o are often pronounced with o in

cotenant ko'tenant |-ancy -ansi

ES

and S

-iz |-d -t

|-s

coterminous ko'tymanas;

counter 'kaunta^;

cothumus

counteraccusation jka unta^ jaekj u 'zejan

|-ni

ko'Oynas;

counteract jkaunta^'aekt |-ed -id

-nai

counteraction

cotidal ko'taidj
cotillion,

-Hon ko'tiljan

Cotopaxi jkota'paeksi
cottage 'katid3

{Am Sp

cotter, -ar 'kata^;

jkoto'pa-hi)

|-s

ES

ES

|-S

1-s

Cottonian ka'tonian

-ta-;

-ta-,

E+

ES

-ta-;

|-s

-IZ |-d -d

countercharge

Cottrell 'katral

[couches

|couched

'kaut/iz

countercharge

ES

'kaunta^jt/ords;

'kauntajt/a:d3, E+-;tXa:d3;

cotyledon ^katridn j-ous -'idnas, -^tdnas

-iz

|-s

ES

^kaunt^'t/ards;

jkaunta'tjaids, E+-'tXa:d3;

-iz |-d -d

|-s

countercheck n 'kaunta-^tjEk; ES 'kaunta-

kautjt

Couch kautJ,

counterclaim v jkaunta^'klem;

Coudersport 'kauda^z^port;

ES

'kaudaz^poat.

E+-jpD3t

Coue ku'e
Coues kauz

|-'s

ES

jkaunta^'klakjwaiz;

counterdemonstiation jkaunta^jdEman'strefan

-iz

ES

ES

^kug3(r

jkaunta-

counterespionage jkaunt3''spianid3, -a'spai-

-t

amd3

Coughlin Raglan, 'kngcould stressed 'kud, jkud; unstr. kad

counterfeit

couldest 'kudist

'kaunta^fit;

ES

'kaunta-;

'kudnt, before

some

conss. +
is

\vAn

substand-

counterfoil 'kaunta^jfail;

ES

'kaunta-

counterirritant jkaunta^'iratant

ES

counterjumper 'kaunta'jdsAmpa';

ard.

couldst stressed 'kudst, jkudst; unstr. kadst

coulee 'kuli {Fr coulee kuUe)

coulomb, C- ku'lam, -'Inm

'kolta^;

ES

'kolta(r; j-ed -d

Coulton 'koltn
council 'kaunsl

Council Bluffs 'kaunsVbUfs

councilman 'kaunslman |-men -man

councilor, -llor 'kaunsja^, -sla^;

ES

-a(r

counsel 'kaunsj |-ed -d |-ing 'kaunshg, -shg

counselor, -llor 'kaunsl*, -sla^;

ES

-a(r

'kaunta-

jd3Ampa(r

countermand n 'kaunta^^maend; ES 'kaunta-.

E+-jmand, -^mond
countermand v ^kaunta-'maend; ES ^kaunta-.
E+-'mand, -'mand; |-ed -id ('counterjmand 'orders)
countermarch n 'kaunta^^martj; ES 'kauntajma:tX, E-i--jma:tX; |-es -iz

countermarch

jkaunta-'martj;

ES

jkaunta-

'mart/, E+-'ma:tX; |-es -iz |-ed -t

coimtermine n 'kaunta^jniam;

ES

'kaunta-

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret Ij'et jet |sang saeg |angr}- 'aeg-gri
baG (10) |ah a |far far [watch watj, wotj (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gard3 [go go

See in full 3-47.

[-ed

-jfitid

('kudn'se) r/ze pron. 'kudant

|bath baeG;

jkaunta-;

jkaunta'klak-

kof |-ed

C-

'kaunta-

l-ed -d

counterclockwise

cougar 'kuga^;
kaf,

ES
ES

counterclaim n 'kaunta^jklem;

kutj" |-'s -iz

couchant 'kaut/ant

Key:

ES

'kaunta^^blaest;

counterchange v jkaunta^'tjendg;

Cottonwood 'katrijwud

coulter,

ES

-jblast, -jblast

cottontail 'katrijtel

couldn't

-ta-;

-IZ |-d -t

counterblast
[-ths -tJz

cottonseed 'katn^sid

cough

ES

-IZ

counterbalance v ^kaunta'baelans;

'kati'3(r

cottonmouth 'katn^mauO

-t

counterbalance n 'kaunta^^baelans;

'kat3(r

cotton, C- 'katn |-ed -d

kautj

counterattack n 'kauntarajtaek
counterattraction ,kauntara 'traekjan

Cotterell 'kataral, 'katral

cottier 'katia^;

&

(^action

counterattack v jkauntara'taek |-ed

-z

-iz 1-d -d

1-s

jkaunta^'aek/an

'counter ^action)

Cotsvvold 'katswold, -wald

couch

'kaunta(r; |-ed -d

countermine
countermine

ES

^kaunta^'main;

jkaunta-;

countermove ^kaunta^^muv; ES 'kaunta-

country-dance

counteroffensive (kauntara'fEnsiv (offensive

ES

'kaunta^jpen;

'kaunta-;

ES

counterpart 'kaunta^^part;

'kaunt3ipa:t,

E+-jpa:t
jplat, -jplot;
I

ES

'kaunta-

countryman 'kAntnman |-men -man

ES

counterpoise n, v 'kaunta^^poiz ;

-'sit

%AntrijSaid

('whole

'country-

'kaunta-;

-jwrnun, -an

county 'kaunti

-d

ES

counterproposal 'kaunta'prajpozl;

'kaunta-

coup

'upset', 'drink'

ES

coup

'stroke'

jkauntajrgfa'meXan
counterrevolution jkaunta^jreva'lu/an, -'hu/an,

ES

-jrEvrjufan;

counterscarp

jkaunta-; j-ary -jsri

ES

'kaunta^jskarp;

'kaunto-

countershaft 'kaunta'jjaeft;

ES

'kaunta-,

ES

'kaunta-

E-i-

-t

coup de grace Fr kuda'gra:s

coup de main Fr kuda'ma;
coup d'etat 'kude'ta {Fr kude'ta)
coupe 'carriage' ku'pe; 'auto' kup,

less frcq.

couple 'kApl |-d -d |-hng 'kAplig, 'kAplig

coupler 'kApla^;

- Jaft

countersign n 'kaunta^jsain;

countersign v 'kaunta^^sain, jkaunta^'sain;

^kaunta^'signatja';

^kaunta'signatja(r; ('signature

&

ES

'kApla(r

couplet 'kAplit

ES

coupling n 'kAphg
coupon 'kupan, 'kju-,

ES

courage 'kyids;

-ta-; |-ed -d

countersignature

kop, kup j-ed

ku

ku'pe

jska:p, E-t--jska:p

'counter-

ES

-pnn

'kiu-,

'karids, 'kAr-, 'ky-; |-d -d

courageous ka'redsas
courante ku'rant {Fr ku'ra)

jsignature)

countersink n 'kaunta^^sigk;

ES

courier

'kaunta-

v 'kaunta^jsigk, jkaunta^'sigk;

ES

'kuna,

'k3<^ia^;

ES

'kuri-a(r,

'ksr-,

'kAt-, 'ka^-

course kors, kars, esp. in 'of course' kurs;

-ta-; |-sunk -jSAgk, -'sAgk

counterstatement

ES

'kaunta^jstetmant;

koas, kuas, E-i-kaas

|-s

ES

-iz |-d -t

ES 'koasa(r, E+'kaaES koat, E-i-kaat; |-ed -id

courteous 'kytias; ES 'kstias, 'kytcourtesan, -zan 'kortazn, 'kart-, 'kyt-; ES
courser 'korsa^, 'kar-;

'kauntacounterstroke 'kaunta^jStrok;

ES

'kaunta-

countersuggestion 'kaunta'sagjdsestj'an, -sajdsestjan;

country-style 'kAntri^stail, -'stail

countrywoman 'kAntri^wuman, ^wu- |-women

'kaunta-

ES

counterreformation /kaunt3'jrf3''mejan;

countersink

countryside

country-wide 'kAntri'waid

-ted -id

counterpoint 'kaunta^^point;

-iz |-d

E+

-jdaens;

'side)

counterplot n, v 'kaunta^jplat;

ES

'kaunta-

ES 'kauntaES jkaunta-; |-ed -d

counterweigh jkaunta^'we; ES jkaunta-; |-ed
counterthrust 'kaunta^jGrAst;
countervail jkaunta^'vel;

court kort, kart;

'koat-, 'kst-, 'kyt-,

E+'kaat-

courtesy 'politeness' 'kytasi;

courtesy 'curtsy' ks^tsi;

ES

ES

'kstasi, 'kyt-

'kstsi, 'k^t-; [-ied

-d

-d

counterweight 'kaunta^jwet;

counterwork

7t

ES

'kaunta-

'kaunta^jwyk;

ES

'kaunta-

jkaunta^V^k;

ES

^kaunta-

Vsk, -Vyk

'kAntrijfaid

tooth tue [further 'fySa-;

ES

'koat-,

'koat-, E-i-

ES

'koati'a(r,

E+'kaat-

courtly 'kortli, 'kart-;

j-ses -ziz

|-trified, -tryf-

ES

ES

'kaat-; |-ses -ziz

-tjaCr,

]-es -iz

countinghouse 'kauntig^haus

ful

'kart-, -ihop;

courtier 'kortia^, 'kart-, -tja^;

countess 'kauntis

country 'kAntri

Courthope 'kortap,
E+'kaat-

courthouse 'kort^haus, 'kart-;

jwsk, -jW3^k

counterwork

|full

'kAntri'daens,

[-s -iz

countryseat 'kAntrijsit,

l-d-d

- Jaft,

-ans, -ans;

countryfolk 'kAntri^fok

'counterofifensive)

counterpane

|-s

('country-jbred

'kAntri'bred

country-bred
'man)

l-d-d

&

court-martial

105

ES

'koat-,

E+'kaat-

court-martial 'kort'marjal, 'kart-;

'faSa [custom |kAStam [while hwail [how

ES

hau

'koat-

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipip

court- plaster

106

'mai/al, E+'koat-, -'marjal;

-d

|-ed

-ing

-/alio, -Jlio

ES

court-plaster 'kort,plaest3', 'kart-;

jplaesta(r,

E+'koat-,

'kort/ip,

'kart-,

'kart-;

cowlick 'kau, Ilk

^koat-.

E+

cowHng, C- 'kaulig
co-worker ko'ws'ka^;

ES

'koatj a:d.

E+'kaat-, -ja:d
cousin 'kAzn |-ed -d |-ing %Aznig, 'kAznig

-Msym-;

ES

-^ds 3m-,

Cousins 'kAznz

|-'s

ES -VakaCr, -VykaCr
cowpea 'kau, pi
Cowpens SC 'kau,penz, Zoc.+'kApinz
Cowper 'kupa', 'kaupa^; ES -pa(r; the same
word as Cooper, 'kaupa' being a spelling
pronunciation.

cowpox 'kau,paks; ES+-,pDks

cowpuncher 'kaUjpAnt/a'; ES -jpAnt/aCr
cowrie, -ry 'kaun

cousins- 'kAznz-

\pl

'kauli

ES

'kaat-

cousin-german 'kAzn'dsyman;

cowl, C- kaul |-ed -d

-jrum;

ES

courtyard 'kort/jard, 'kart-;

cowherd 'kau^hyd; ES -jhsd, -,hyd

cowhide 'kau,haid |-d -id

Cowley

-iplas-, -;plas-

courtroom 'kortjrum,
'koat-, E+'kaatcourtship

'koat-

cradle

-iz

couth ku8
couturier Fr kuty Vje \fcm -riere -^rJ:r

cowskin 'kau,skm

Couzens 'kAznz |-'s -iz

cove kov [coved kovd
covenant, C- 'kAvanant, 'kAvnant

cowslip 'kaujsbp

c/oxlip

cox kaks; ES+koks;

J-ed -i 1

covenanter, -or 'kAvananta', 'kAvn-;

ES

-ta(r

Covenanter 'kAvajnaenta^, ^kAva'naenta^; ES

-d

cover

Both 0(0) and A appear

ES

'kAva';

'kAva(r;

-ied

to he historical.

|-ed

-d

l-al -1 l-ally -li, -ikli

coxswain 'kaksn, 'kak,swen; ES-i-'kokcoy kai |coyed kaid

-ta(r

Covent 'kAvant, 'kav-; ES+'kovCoventry 'kavantri, 'kAv-; ES+'kov-;

-ing

coyote kai'ot, kai'oti, 'kaiot

COZ kAZ
coze koz cozes 'koziz cozed kozd
]

cozen 'kAzn

'kAvarii), 'kAvrig

coverage 'kAvarids, 'kAvridj

Coverdale 'kAva'idel;

ES

|-s

|-es -iz

coxcomb 'kaks,koin; ES+'koks-; |-ry -ri

coxcombic kaks'kamik, -'kom-; ES+-'kDm-;

|-ed -d |-ing 'kAznig,

cozy 'kozi

'kAva-

covering n 'kAvrig

Cozzens 'kAznz

ES 'kAvaCoverley 'kAva^h; ES 'kAvacoverlid 'kAva^^bd; ES 'kAvacovert 'kAva^t; ES 'kAvat

coverture 'kAva^t/a'; ES 'kAvat/aCr

crab kraeb [crabbed kraebd

covet 'kAvit |-ed -id |-ous -as

crackajack 'kraeka,d3aek

covey 'kAvi

crackbrain 'kraek ,br en

coverlet 'kAva^lit;

|-'s

-iz

Crabbe kraeb
crabbed adj 'kraebid

crabby

|-ly -li

'kra^bi

crack kraek [cracked kraekt

|-ed -d

crackbrained

covin 'kAvin

'kraek'brend

Covina koVina
Covington 'kAvigtan

cracker 'kraeka^;

cow kau |cowed kaud

crackerjack 'kraeka^jdsaek;

coward, C- 'kaua^d;

ES

'kau-ad;

ES

-jbad, -jbyd

ES

'kau'a(r;

'kauarig, 'kaurig

Key:

-iz

See in full 3^7.

[bath bae6;

ES

'kraeka-

cracknel 'kraeknl

cracksman 'kraeksman [-men -man

cowcatcher 'kaujkaetja', -jkttJV;

|-'s

'kraeka(r

crackle 'kraekl |-d -d [ling 'kraekkg, -klig-

[-ice -is

cowboy 'kau^bai

Cowes kauz

ES

crackling n 'kraekhg

cowbird 'kaujbyd;

'kaua^;

('crack,brained

'wits)

cowbell 'kau, be!

cower

'kAznig

cozenage 'kAznidg, 'kAznids

-iz

ES

|-ed

-tja(r

crack-up 'kraek,Ap

-d

Cracow 'kreko, 'kraekau

Craddock 'kraedak
cradle 'kredl [d -d [-ling

-ing

{see

Krakow)

'kredlig, 'kredbg

bee bi jpity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angn,- 'aeg-gri
baO (10) jah a [far far [watch wat/, wot/ (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

Cradock

creek

107

Cradock 'kraBd3k=Caradoc knight

crate kret crated 'kretid

craft kraeft; ES+kraft, kraft; |-y -i

crater 'kreta^;

craftsman 'kraeftsman; E+'krafts-, 'krafts-;

cravat kra'vaet j-vatted -'vaetid

|-men

-man |-manship -manj/ip

crag kraeg |cragged 'kraegid |-gy

ES

'kreta(r; |-ed -d

crave krev [craved krevd

craven 'krevan

-i

|-ed -d |-ing 'krevanig, -vnig

Craigenputtock jkregan'pAtak

cravenette, C- jkraeva'net, ,krev- |-d -id

Craigie 'kregi

craving 'krevig

crake krek |craked krekt

craw kra

crakow 'kraekau
cram kraem crammed kraemd
crambo 'kraembo
cramp kraemp cramped kraempt
crampon 'kraempan

crawfish 'kra,fiX

crawl kral [crawled krald

cranage 'krenids

crayon 'krean [crayoned 'kreand

Crawford

Crawley

Cranage 'kraenids

|-'s

|-es -iz [-ed -t

'krafa-d;

ES

'krafad; |-sville -z,vil

|-y -i

'krali

crayfish 'kre,fij

|-'s

-iz

craze krez [crazes 'kreziz [crazed krezd

-iz

cranberry 'kraenjberi, -ban

crazy 'krezi [crazily 'krezli, -zik

Crandall 'krandl

creak krik [creaked krikt

cream

crane, C- kren craned krend

|

ES

Cranford 'kraenfa^d;
cranial 'krenial |-ly

'kraenfad

[creamed

krirad

ES+-%d3-;

-an,

crease kris [creases 'krisiz [creased krist

creasy 'krisi

l-ly-i

craniology jkreni'aladsi; ES+-'d1-

craniometer

jkreni'amata^;

ES

create kri'et [created kri'etid [-tion -'ejan

-'amata(r.

creative kri'etiv [-tor

creature

-'omcraniometric ^krenia'metnk

|-al -1

|-ally -li,

ES

'krit/a';

creche kre/, krej

Crecy 'kresi {Fr

-ikli

[-s

-ta^;

ES

-ta(r

'kritXa(r; |-ral -al

-iz

{Fr krerj)

kre'si)

craniometry jkreni'amatn; ES+-'Dm-

credence 'kridns [-dent -dnt

cranium 'kreniam j-s -z j-nia -ma

crank kraegk [cranked kraegkt

credential kri'dnXal |-ed -d

crankcase 'kraegk, kes -cases -jkesiz

credible 'kredabl |-bly -bli

crankle 'kraegkl ]-d -d j-ling 'kraegkhg, -klig

credit 'kredit [credited 'krtditid

crankpin 'kraegk, pin

creditability ,krdita'bilati

credibility ,kr8da'bilati

crankshaft 'kraegkjjaeft; E+-,J'aft,-,Xaft

Cranmer

[-ery

cream-faced 'krim'fest ('cream-, faced 'loon)

-i

jkrenia'ladsikl;

craniological

krim

'krimri

'kraenma^;

ES

creditable 'krsditabl [-bly -bli

creditor 'kredita^;

'kraenma(r

ES

'kreditaCr

crannog 'kraenag

credo, C- 'krido, 'kredo

cranny 'kraem [crannied 'kraemd

credulity kra'dulati, -'dm-, -'dju-

Cranston 'kraenstan

credulous 'kredsalas

crape krep jcraped krept

Cree kri

crappie 'kraepi, 'krapi

creed krid [creeded 'kridid

craps kraeps

creek krik, krik

krik

appears

is

much

less freq. in

form in

ilie

crapulous 'krapjulas

S, bzit

crash kraej

N b' E. krik, origi?ially a North British dia-

Crashaw

j-es -iz j-ed -t

lect form, is still native

'kraeja

crasis 'kresis erases 'kresiz

According

crass kraes

Historical

Crassus 'kraesas

|-sus'

-sas

se7its

the

to

Cratchit 'kraetfit

vmch

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz,

fmz

ES

in the Appalachians.

English Grammars, krik repre-

altered to krik

word

and then

(ME

the earlier recorded form.

Visan [Eden

crike), later

spelt creek.

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[dish di/ [vision

the

Horn's, Jordan's, and Luick's

original

cratch, C- kraetj cratches 'kraet/iz

[full

to be the native

Crike

is

At first krik

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


Creek
was

not a spelling pronunciation,

bid the

spelling creek doubtless encouraged its spread.

Luick thinks
the

crochet

108

that

American krik

represents

normal standard English development.

crick krik [cricked krikt

cricket 'krikit |-ed -id

crier 'kraia^;

creel kril creeled krild

cries kraiz

creep krip |crept krspt

|-er 'kripa^;

creepmouse 'krip^maus

ES

-iz |-mice

|-'s

-p3(r

-^mais

ES

Crile krail

crime kraim [crimed kraimd

Crimea krai'mia,

Creighton 'kretn, 'kraitn

criminal 'krimanj, 'krinml

cremate 'krimet

ES

|-d -id |-tor -a^;

crematory 'krimaytori, 'krEm-,

-itori

creme de menthe Fr kremda'mat

Cremona kri'mona

crimination jkrima'ne/an
criminologic jkrimana'ladsik, ^krimna-;

crenelation,

criminologist

jkrima'nalad3ist,

krim'nal-;

ES+-'nDl-; |-gy-d3i

'kren}jet |-d -id

-11-

crimp krimp [crimped krimpt

^krEnl'e/an

Creole, c- 'kriol

crimple 'krimpi

Creon

crimson 'krimzn crimsoned 'krimznd

'krian,

ES+

-'lDd3-;l-al-l

crenel 'krenl |creneled 'krenld

-11-

|-ly -i

criminate 'krimajnet |-nated -^netid

crenate 'krinet |-d -id |-tion kri'ne/an

crenelate,

kri- |-n -n

criminality jkrima'naelati

-3(r

-jtDti;

-a(r

'krai-aCr

creese kris creeses 'krisiz

|

ES

cried kraid

Creek krik
|

|-er -a^;

cricoid 'kraikaid

-nn

-d [-ling -'krimplig, -plig

|-d
|

creosote 'kria^sot |creosoted 'kria^sotid

cringe krinds [cringes 'krmdsiz j-d -d

crepe, crepe krep |-d

cringle 'kriggl

-t

crepe de Chine jkrepda'/in

crinkle 'krigkl |-d -d [-ling 'krigkhg, -klig

crepitant 'krepatant |-itate -jtet |-tated -^tetid

crinkly 'krigkli

crept krept

crinoid 'krainaid, 'krin-

crepuscle kri'pAsl |-cular -kjala^;

ES

-l3(r

crinoline 'krinjin, -jin

crescendo kra'/endo, -'sEn- {It kre'Jendo)

cripple 'kripl |-d -d |-ling 'kriplig, -plig

crescent 'kresnt |-ed -id

Cripple Creek 'kripl'krik, -'krik

cresol 'krisol

Cripplegate 'kripljget, -git

cress kres |cresses 'kresiz [cressed krest

Criseyde in Chaucer kri'seda

cresset 'kresit

crisis 'kraisis [crises 'kraisiz

Cressida in Shak. 'kresida

see

Criseyde

Cressy 'kresi {Fr Crecy kre'si)

crest krest

crisp krisp [crisped krispt

crisscross 'kriSjkras, -jkrus [-es -iz [-ed -t

Cristobal kris'tobi {Sp kris'toIJal)

crested 'krestid

crestfallen 'krest^falan, -jfaln

criterion krai'tirian [-teria -'tiria

Crestline 'krestlain, 'krEslain

critic 'kritik

cretaceous kri'tejas

criticaster 'kritikjaesta^;

Crete krit Cretan 'kritn

criticism 'kritajSizam

[al

-1

[ally

-li, -ikli

ES

cretin 'kritin |-ism -jizam, -tn-

criticize 'krita/Saiz [-s -iz [-d

cretonne kri'tan, -'ton, 'kritan, -tnn

critique kri'tik

crevasse kraVaes

|-s

Crito 'kraito

crevice 'krevis

-iz |-d -t

]-s

-iz |-d -t

croak krok [croaked krokt

Crewe kru, kriu

croaker, C- 'kroka^;

crewel 'krual, 'kriual

Croat

cribbed kribd

cribbage 'kribids

|-s

cribwork 'krib^wyk;

'kroka(r

Croatia kro'e/a, -Jia

[-n

-n

Croce 'krotji

ES

crochet n 'kratjit; ES+'krot/it

-^wsk, -jwyk

See in full 3-^7.

[bath baeO;

ES

'kroaet, -at

-iz |-d -d

Crichton 'kraitn

Key:

-d

Crittendon 'kritndan

crew kru, kriu

crib krib

-^aestad

crochet

bee bi [pity

baO (10) |ah a

[far

'piti (6)

{It 'kroit/e)

kro'/e [-cheted -'/ed -cheting -'/e-ig

[rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg jangr)- 'aeg-gri

far [watch wat/,

wot/

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

crock

crowbar

109

ES+krok;

crock krak;

|-ed -t |-ery -an, -ri

crossbreed n 'krasjbrid, 'kros-

Crockett 'krakit; ES+'krokit

crossbreed v 'kras'brid, 'kros-, -^brid ]-bred

ES+'krokcrocodilian jkraka'dilian; ES+jkrnk-

crosscut 'kraSjkAt, 'krbs-

crocus, C- 'krokas |-es -iz

crosse kras, kros

-'bred, -jbred

crocodile 'krakajdail;

Croesus 'krisas

-sai

|-ci

|-s

-iz

cross-examination 'krasigjzaema'nejan, 'kros-

-sas

|-sus'

croft kroft, kroft

cross-examine 'krasig'zaemin, 'kros-

Croix krai {Fr krwa)

cross-eye 'kras^ai, 'kros-

Croix de guerre Fr krwad 'ge:r

cross-eyed

ES

Croker 'kroka^;

Cro-Magnon

{Fr

-ai'z-;

ES

'kramati, 'krom-

cromlech 'kramlek; ES+'kinm-

ES+

-Ijan;

ES+krom-

crone kron

Cronus 'kronas

cross-grained 'kras'grend, 'kros-

'kras'kgid,

cross-legged

|-es -iz |-ed -t

'kros-

-'legd,

crosspatch 'krasjpjetj, 'krns-

crook kruk crooked krukt

crosspiece 'krasjpis, 'krnscross-pollinate

[-ed -t

crooked adj 'krukid

Crookes kruks

crookneck 'kruk^nek

crop-eared 'krap'ird;

ES

S+-'ad; ('crop-beared

ES

-iz

'kros-;

'kraSjpala'ne/an,

cross-purpose 'kras'pypas, 'kros-;

-'pyp-;

-t

'krap'iad,

'krop-,

ES-i-

'krns-;

1-s

ES

-'psp-,

-iz

cross-question 'kras'kwest/an, 'kros- |-ed -d

crossruff 'kras^rAf, 'kros- |-ed -t

'cur)

cross-section v 'kras'sekjan, 'krns- |-ed -d

'krapa(r, 'krop-

croppie 'krapi; ES+'kropi

kro'ke

|-s

ES+-iPDl-

crop krap; ES+krop; |-ped

cropper 'krapa^;

-jOV9(r

|-es -iz

'kras'pala^net,

cross-pollination

|-ed -t

croon krun [crooned krund

cross-stitch 'kras^stitj, 'kros- |-es -iz j-ed -t

kro'ked

[croqueted

j-ing

crosstrees 'kras^triz, 'krns-

crossways 'krasjwez, 'kros- |-wise -^waiz

-'kc'ig

crossword 'kras^wyd, 'kros-;

croquette kro'kEt
croquignole 'krokainol,
crore kror, krar;

ES

-km jol

kroa(r,

'krazbi, 'krnz-, 'kraz-

crosier,

C-

cross kras,

'kro33^;

kms

ES

{Fr kraki'jibO

E+kraa(r

Crosby

'krns-;

ES

-;W3d, -^wyd

|-es -iz |-ed -t

crotchet 'kratjit; ES+'krotJit; |-ed -id

Crothers

'kro3a(r; ]-ed -d

'krA'Sa'z;

ES

'krAtJaz;

|-'s

-iz

croton, C- krotn

|-es -iz |-ed -t

'kras,bar,

crotch kratf ; ES+krotJ;

crotched adj 'krat/t, 'kratjid; ES+'krotJ-

ES

-jba:(r,

E+

crouch kraut/ |crouches 'krautjiz

croup krup

-jba:(r; |-red -d

crouper 'crupper' 'krupa^, 'krupa",

crossbill 'kras^bil, 'kros-

croupier 'krupia^;

crossbones 'krasjbonz, 'krns-

crouton kru'tan, -'ton {Fr kru'to)

crossbow 'kraSibo, 'kros- |-man -man |-men

crow kro

-man

ES

ES

-pa(r

'krupi'a(r

\past crew kru, kriu

crowed krod
crowbar 'kro^bar; ES -jba:(r,

or

crowed krod

\pplc

crossbred 'kras'bred, 'kros- ('cross-bred 'dog)

ful |tooth tuG Ifurther 'fy'5a';

|-ed -t

|-ed -t

crossbeam 'kras^bim, 'kros-

|full

('sit

-'pnl-; |-d -id

-iz

|-'s

ES

crossover n 'krasjova^, 'krns-;

-iz

|-'s

crookback 'kruk^baek

crossbar

ES

jcross-'legged, 'cross- ^legged 'knight)

crony 'kroni |cronied 'kronid

croquet

-'fstl-,

'krns-;

'kras'garta'd,

crosshatch 'krasjhaetj, 'kros-

'krom-

Cromwellian kram'wElian,

ES

-IZ |-d -d

-'ga:tad, E+-'ga:tad

'krAm-;

-wel,

|-s

cross-gartered

Crompton 'kramptan; ES+'krnmp'kramwal,

-'fytl-;

'kros-,

-ifatl-, -,fytl-

cross-fertilize 'kras'fytljaiz, 'kros-;

ES

'krama^ti;

Cromwell

'cross- ^eyed

'krasjfytla'ze/an,

cross-fertilization

-non

kro'maegnan,

kroma'jio)

Cromarty

'bear)

'krok3(r

C- 'kroka^nol

crokinole,

'kros-

'kras 'aid,

|-d -d

ES

'fstJa

E-i--jba:(r

|custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau |toy

tai

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz jdish di/ |vision 'visan |Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl |keep 'em 'kipm

crowd

culinary

110

crowd kraud Icrowded 'kraudid

Crowell 'kroal
crowfoot 'krojfut

\pl -feet

-jfit,

plant -foots

-jfuts

cryptogam 'knptajgaem |-ic /knpta'gjemik

cryptogamous krip'tagamas, -'tog- |-my -mi
cryptogram 'kripta/graem
cryptograph 'kripta,graef E+-/graf, -jgraf
;

Crowley

cryptographer krip'tagrafa^, -'tog-;

'kroli, 'krauli

crown kraun |crowned kraund

crown piece 'kraun ^pis -pieces

|-phy

cryptographic ^kripta'graefik

-^pisiz

crow's-foot 'krozjfut j-feet

ES

-fa(r;

-fi

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

-ikh

-^fit

C- 'knstl

-d

crow's-nest 'kroz^nest

crystal,

Croydon 'kraidn

crystalhne 'knstlin, -jam, ^oei.-i-kns'tael-

crozier,

ES

C- 'krosa^;

'krogaCr; |-ed -d

|-ed

crystallization jkristla'zejan, -ai'z-

cruces pi of crux 'krusiz, 'kriusiz

crystaUize 'kristljaiz

crucial 'krujal, 'kriu/al |-ly -i

crystallography ,kristl'agrafi, -'og-

cruciate adj 'krujiit, 'kriu-, -i^et

crystalloid 'kristlpid

cruciate v 'kru/ijCt, 'kriu- |-ated -^etid

Ctesiphon 'tEsajfan, -jfmi

crucible 'krussbl, 'kriu- |-d -d

cub kAb [cubbed kAbd

crucifix 'krus3jfiks, 'kriu- |-es -iz

Cuba

crucifixion jkrusa'fik/an, jkriu-

cubbyhole 'kAbijhol

cruciform 'krusS/fDrm, 'kriu-;

ES

|-al ikristl'aidl

|-d

-d

crucify 'krusa^fai, 'knu- |-fied -jfaid

cubeb 'kjubsb, 'kiubeb

crude krud, kriud |-dity

cubic 'kjubik, 'kiu-

cruel 'krual, 'kriual |-ly

-ati

j-al -1 |-ally -]i |-icly -ikli

cubicle 'kjubikl, 'kiu-

-i |-ty -ti

cruet 'kruit, 'kriuit

cubism 'kjubizam, 'kiub-

Cruikshank 'krukj/aegk

cubistic kju'bistik, kiu-

|-ist -ist

-d

cubit 'kjubit, 'kiubit |-ed -id

-Z3(r

cuboid 'kjubaid, 'kiubaid

ES 'krAl3(r
crumb, C- krAm [crumbed krAmd

cucking-stool 'kAkiOiStul

cruise kruz, kriuz

|-s

-iz |-d

ES

cruiser 'kruza^, 'kriuza^;

Cuchulainn,

cruller 'krAla^;

crumble 'krAinbl |crumbled 'krAmbld

|-bly

-llin

ku'kAlin, 'kuxuhn

cuckold 'kAkjd |-ed -id

cuckoo 'kuku, ku'ku

-bli

j-ry -ri

j-ed -d

crump krAmp crumped krAmpt

cuckooflower 'kuku^flaua-;

crumpet 'krAmpit
crumple 'krAmpl |-d -d
crumply 'krAmpli

cucumber 'kjukAmba^,
cud kAd

1-ling

'krAmplig, -plig

crupper 'krApa^, 'krupa^;

ES

|-ed -t

cuddle 'kAdl

1-d

-d

|-ling 'kAdlig,

knu-

cruse kruz, kriuz, -s

|-s

cudgel 'kAdsal [cudgeled 'kAdsald

]-d -id

cue kju, kiu [cued kjud, kiud

-iz

crush krAj crushes 'krA/iz crushed krAjt

|

cuff kAf [cuffed kAft

Crusoe 'kruso, 'kriuso

Cufic 'kjufik, 'kiu-

crust krAst crusted 'krAstid

cuirass kwi'raes

crustacean krAs'tefan |-ceous -/as

cuirassier ^kwira'sir;

crutch krAt/ |crutches 'krAtJiz |-ed

-t

cruces 'krusiz, 'kriu-

cry krai cried kraid |-baby -jbebi

|

|-es -iz |-ed -t

ES

-'siaCr

cuisine kwi'zin
cuisse

kwis

[cuisses 'kwisiz

cul-de-sac 'kAlda'saek, 'kul- {Fr kyd'sak, kyt-)

cryolite 'kraiajait

Culebra ku'lebra

crypt kript |crypted 'kriptid

culex,

cryptic 'kriptik

culinary 'kiula,neri, 'kiula-

Key:

|-al -I |-ally -li, -ikli

See in full 3-A7.

[bath bae6;

'kAdlig

cuddy, C- 'kAdi

crusade, C- kru'sed,

-jflau-a(r

ES -kAmba(r

cuddly 'kAdli

-p3(r

crural 'krural, 'kriural

|-es -iz

ES

'kiu-;

Cudahy 'kAdahi

crunch krAntJ crunches 'krAnt/iz

crux krAks

-d

'kjuba, 'kiuba |-n -n {Sp 'ku^a)

cube kjub, kiub

-jfaam

-iz |-d

|-s

C- 'kjuleks,

'kiu- [-lices -h^siz

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg |angr\' 'asg-gri
baO (10) [ah a [far far [watch wat/, wot/ (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

curlicue

111

cull

'kjumajarm,

cuneiform

cuU kAl IcuUed kAld

kju'nla-, kiu-;

Cullen 'kAlin, -an

cullender 'kAlanda^, 'kAlin-;
cullion 'kAljan |-ry

ES

ES

cuniform 'kjumjarm, 'kium-;

-dacr

ES

cunner 'kAna^;

-n

cunning 'kAnig

Culloden ka'ladn, -'lodn, -'lodn

Cunningham 'kAnig^haem,

culminate

cup kAp cupped kApt

'k Alma, net |-nated -,netid

%Amgam

cupalo, -olo 'kjnpajo, 'km- |-ed -d--'kjupajo

culmination jkAlma'ne/an
culpability ikAlpa'bibti

represents a 17c variant of cupola

culpable 'kAlpabl |-bly -bli

heard in US.

ES

'kAlpepa"^;

cupbearer 'kAp^ber*,

'kAlpEp3(r

culprit 'kAlprit

cupboard 'kAba'd;

ES

cultivability jkAltava'bibti

cupful 'kApJul

-z

|-s

Cupid, c- 'kjupid, 'kiupid

cultivate 'kAltajVet |-vated -,vetid

cupidity kju'pidati, kiu-

cultivation jkAltaVeJan

cupola 'kjupala, 'km- |-ed -d

ES

cultivator 'kAltajveta^;
cultural 'kAlt/aral |-ly

cur ky;

-i

ES 'kAltJaCr; |-d
ES 'kAlv3(r

-d

|-ed -d j-ing

cumm- 'kAmin
|-'s

|-'s

-rik

-goa jkjura'so, ^kiura-

Curan 'kyan; ES 'ksran, 'kAran,

'ka^an

curate 'kjurit, 'kiurit

curative 'kjurativ, 'kiu-

curator

kju'reta^,

ES

'kiur-;

kiu'reta^,

jkjura 'tonal,

curb kyb;

-iz

,kiura-.

ES

curd ks^d;

ES

curdle 'ka^dl;
-djig,
-,letid

cumulation jkjumja'leXan, ,kiumja-

,kium-

ES

'kadi, 'kydl; 1-d -d |-ling

-dbg

cure kjur, kiur;

ES

-a(r; |-d

^kmm-

|-ti

curfew 'kyfju,

-fiu;

ES

'ks-, 'ks'-iji

Curie, c- 'kjuri, 'kiu-, kju'ri, kiu- {Fr ky'ri)

curio,

-tax

cuneate 'kjuniit, 'kiun-,

-d

curette kju'ret, kiu- |-d -id

curia 'kjuria, 'kiuria |-iae

-bai

ES

ES ks -,ky-

ksd, kyd; |-ed -id

cure-all 'kjur pi, 'kiur pi

-rai

|-ri

jkjumjalo'nimbas,

Cunard kju'nard, kiu-; ES

cure kju're, kiu're {Fr ky're)

cumulative 'kiumja,letiv, 'kiumjacumulo-cirrus ,kjumjalo'siras, jkium-

cumulous 'kjumjalas, 'kiumcumulus 'kjumjalas, 'kium- |-es

-'tar-;

ksb, k^b; |-ed -d |-stone -,ston

curculio ks^'yulijO, -'kmli-;

-iz

cumulo-stratus jkjumjalo'stretas,

law-f 'kjurata-.

-ta(r

-'tor-

cumulate adj 'kjumjaht, 'kium-, -Jet

cumulate v 'kjumjajlet, 'kium- 1-lated

|full

c-,

curatorial

cumquat 'kAmkwat, -kwot

cumshaw 'kAm/a

cunctator kAgk'teta^;

j-ric

k3(r, ks'

curassow 'kjura^so, 'kiura-

laude 'kAm'bdi, 'kum'laudi

Cummins 'kAminz

upalo

curacy 'kjurasi, 'kiurasi

-id

Cumberland 'kAmba^land; ES 'kAmbacumbersome 'kAmba^sam; ES 'kAmbacumbrance 'kAmbrans |-s -iz |-brous -bras
Cumbria 'liAmbria |-n -n

Cimunings 'kAnugz

curable 'kjurabl, 'kiur- |-bly -bh

'kAmbrig, 'kAmbarii)

|-bi

ES

Curasao,

ES 'kAlvat; |-ed
cumber 'kAmba^; ES 'kAmb3(r;
culvert 'kAlva^t;

see

curability jkjura'bilati, jkiura-

culverin 'kAlvarin

cumulo-nimbus

ES

-,bra(r,

cupreous 'kjuprias, 'kmp- 1-rous -ras

-jvetaCr

culver, C- 'kAlva^;

cum

widely

'kAbad; |-ed -id

cultivable %Alt3vabl |-bly -bli

cumin,

-^baera';

still

-jbaera(r

cult kAlt

culture 'kAltJa^;

- ifaam

'kAna(r

culm kAlm |culmed kAlmd

Culpeper

-mjarm.

'kiun-.

ES -Jaam

C-

'kjurijO, 'kiuri-

curiosity ,kjuri'asati, ,kiuri-; ES-i- -'ds-iz

-'na:d,

|-li

-Jai

E+-'na:d

-'teta(r; |-ship

-Jip

-i^et

ful |tooth tue [further 'fy'Sa^;

ES

'fstSa

curious 'kjurias, 'kiuncurl ks'l;

ES

ksl, ks^l; |-ed -d

ES 'ks-,
ES 'ksli-.

curlew 'kylu, -Im, 'kylju;

'ky-

curlicue 'kyli/kju, -,km;

'kyli-

[custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau [toy tai

|Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

(using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dif [vision 'vi3an

curmudgeon
curmudgeon ka^'mAdjan; ES ka-

ES 'ksrant, 'kAr-, 'kycurrency 'kyansi; ES 'ksransi, 'kAr-, 'kycurrent 'kyant; ES 'ksrant, 'kAr-, 'kycurricle 'kyikl;
ES 'ksrikl, 'kAr-, 'ka^-;
currant 'kyant;

1-d

curricular ka'rikjala^;

ES

curriculum ka'rikjabm
Currier

ES

C-

'kyia^;

and Ives

ES

cushaw ka'/b
Gushing 'ku/ig
Cushman 'kujman
cushion 'kujan, -in |-ed -d

cusp kAsp jcusped kAspt

cuspate 'kAspit, -pet

-d |-ling -kho, -klig

currier,

Cuvier

112

cuspidate 'kAspijdet |-dated -^detid

-l3(r

|-s

cuspidor 'kAspajdar;

-z |-la -la
'kAri-, 'kyi-

'ksri-aCr,

'kyia^n'aivz, 'kyiarand'aivz;

'ksrian'aivz, 'kArian'aivz, 'kyian'aivz.

cussed adj 'kAsid

ES -jwsd, -jWyd
ES 'kAstad
ES 'kAsta(r

Custer 'kAsta^;

curry 'kyi;

'ksri,

Custis 'kAstis
'kyi; [-ied -d

'kAri,

|-comb -jkom

ES

curse kys;

[-s

custom 'kAstam

-iz |-d -t

ES

cursed adj 'kysid, kyst;

'kss-,

'kys-,

k3st, kyst; 1-ly -idli

ES

'kss-, 'kys-; j-sory -sari

ES

ks'sonal, ky-.

E+-'s3r-

ES

Mundi 'kysar'mAndai,

'kysa^-, -di;

'k3S33-, -S3-, 'kys33-, 'kys3-

ES ksst, kyst
curt kyt; ES kst, kyt
curtail ky'tel, ka^-; ES ks-,

cut-and-fill

ES

cutback 'kAtjbaek

cutaway 'kAta^we
'kst-,

'kyt-;

cute kjut, kiut

Cuthbert 'kAOba-t;

'kstl, 'kytl

ES 'kst-, 'kytcurtilage 'k^tlids; ES 'kst-, 'kyt-; |-s -iz

Curtis, -ss 'kytis; ES 'kst-, 'kyt-; |-'s -iz
curtsy -sey 'ks'tsi; ES 'kst-, 'kyt-; |-ied -d
curule 'kjurul, 'kiur-, -rui
'ks'vatja';

ES

ES

-jtjur;

'ksvat/aCr,

ES

ES

'ksvit,

'kyy-.

ka'vEt; |-(t)ed -id

cut-leaf 'kAtjlif -leaved -jlivd

|

ES

cutler 'kAtla^;

'kAtla(r; |-ess -is |-y -i

cutoff 'kAtpf, -iuf

cutover 'kAtjOva^;

ES -jOva(r
ES -ipss,

jksva-, ^kyva-;

-ipys;

]-s -iz

cut-rate 'kAt'ret ('cut-jrate 'store)

cutter 'kAta^;

ES

curvilineal jkyva'lmial;

ES

cutlass, -las 'kAtlas j-es -iz

cutpurse 'kAt^pys;

'ksv-, 'kyv-

curvet V 'kyvit, ka-'vet;

|-ear-i3-;

'kAGbat

cutout 'kAt,aut

ksv, kyv; |-d -d |-dly -idli

curvet n 'kyvit;

ES

cuticle 'kjutikl, 'kiut-

cutlet 'kAtht

'ks'vatJaCr, -/tju3(r

curve kyy;

ES

'kAta(r

cutthroat 'kAt^Orot
cutting 'kAtig

-i'3(r

Curwood 'ks^jwud; ES 'ks^wud, 'ky-

cuttle,

Curzon 'kyzn; ES 'kszn,

Cusco 'kusko

cutty 'kAti

'ks^zn

C-

'kAtl l-bone -jbon j-fish

-M

cusec 'kjusek, 'kiusek

Cuttyhunk 'kAtijhAgk
cutworm 'kAt,wym; ES -jwsm, -^wym

Cush kAj

Cuvier 'kjuvijC, 'kiu- {Fr ky'vje)

Key: See

l-'s

-IZ |-ite -ait |-itic kAj'itik

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) [rate ret ij^et jet |sang saeg |angr>- 'aeo-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far |watch watj, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

emph.

'kAtn'M

cutaneous kju'tenias, kiu-

curtesy 'kytasi;

curvature

if

customary 'kAstanijen
customer 'kAstama^; ES 'kAstamaCr
customhouse 'kAStam^haus |-ses -ziz
custom-made 'kAstam'med ('custom-jmade

ky-, ka-; |-ed -d

-irj, -tniij

ES

esp.

'hat)

('curjtail 'spending)

curtain 'kytn, -tin, -tan;

|-ed -d |-ing

|-ed -d

'kAstanijErali,

cut kAt

curst kyst;

curtal 'kytl;

customarily

jkAsta'merali

cursorial ky'sonal, -'s3r-;

Cursor

-IZ

|-'s

custodial kAs'todial |-an -an j-anship -an Jip

custody 'kAstadi

kss, kys;

cursive 'kysiv;

|-ly -li

cuss-word 'kASjwyd;

'aivz
'ksrij, 'ky-

-jdaa(r

custard 'kAsta^d;

ES
ES

ES

cuss kAS cusses 'kAsiz cussed kAst

'ksriarand'aivz 'kAriarand'aivz, 'kyiarand-

currish 'kyij;

-id j-idal -idl

|-id

|-d -petid

Cuyahoga
Cuyahoga

kai'hags,

^kaia-,

-'hoga,

ka-,

'haga, old-fash, -'hoga

Cuyahoga

Czernowitz

113

Falls ka^haga^falz. kai-, -^hoga-,

-mid

sai^senajinaid,

cynic 'simk

saiWos

'saimos,

Cymric 'simrik, ^kimrik

Cynewulf 'kim^wulf

-'haga-, old-fash, -'hoga-

Cuzco 'kusko
cyanamide jSaia^naemaid,
-mid -mid

Cymbeline ^simb]jin

cyme saim jcymose

cymous 'saimas

|-ry -ri

|-al -} |-ally -ji,

cynicism 'sinajSizam

-ikk

|-eist -sist

cynocephalic jSinose'faebk, jsamo-

cyanate ^saia^net
cyanic sai'aemk

cyanide

-md

'saidiiiaid,

|-nid -nid |-d -id

cynocephalus ^sino'sefabs,

^sai- |-lous

cynosure 'sainaj'ur, 'sina-;

ES

cyanogen sai'^enadsan, -dsin

Cynthia

^sinGia |Cynthiana jSinOi'aena

cyanosis jsaiaWsis

cypher

'saifa^;

Cybele, c-

ES

Cyclades ^sikbjdiz

cypress 'saipras

Cyprian 'siprian

cyclic ^saiklik, 'sik- ]-al -j |-ally

-ji,

Cypriot

-ikh

^saikbid

sai'kbidl

|-al

sai-

[-ally

'sipriat |-ote -^ot

Cyprus,

c- 'saipras

|-'s

|-dia -dia

-iz

Cyrano de Bergerac 'sirajnoda'byd3a,raek;

'kbidji

cyclometer

sai'klamata^;

ES

-^klam3t3(r,

ES -'bsds-, -'byds-; (Fr siranodbergaVak)

Cyrenaic jSira'ne-ik, jsaira- |-naica -'neaka

-'klomcyclone 'saiklon

Cyrene

-d

|-d

cyclonic sai'klanik; ES+-'klDn-;

|-al -1 |-alty

Cyril

Cyrus

-ikh

pers.

name

'sairas

cyclopedia, -paed- jsaikb^idia

Cythera
|-al

-1

[-ally

city sai'rini

-iz

|-'s

cyst sist |-ed -id

cyclopedic, -paed- jsaikb'pidik

Gk

sai'rin,

'siral, -il

Cyclopean, c- ^saikla'pian

|-itis

sis'taitis

si'Oira

Cytherea /SiOa'na

|-n

-n

cytology sai'ta!ad3i; ES+-'tDl-;

-ikh

Cyclops

^saiklaps;

ES+-klDps;

-iz

|-es

cytoplasm 'saita^plaezam
czar zar;

-elopes sai'klopiz
I

ES

za:(r,

|-ic

E+za:(r

czarevitch 'zarajVit/; E+'zara-;

cygnet 'signit

czarevna za'rvna; E+za-

Cygnus

^signas

'silindrig,

cylindric

|-'s

'silinda^;

-iz \gen

ES

Cygni ^signal

-da(r;

-d

|-ed

czarina zaVina;
|-ing

-dang

si^indnk

cymbal 'simbl

|-ic

[-'s

-iz

E+za-

-ik |-ish -if

Czechoslovak, Czecho-Sl- jt/eka'slovaek, -vak

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

|-ed -d |-ing ^simb]ig,

-bhg

ful Itooth tue [further 'fytia^;

Czechoslovakia, Czecho-Sl- jt/tkasloVaekia,

-Vak-, -kja

|-n

-n

Czernowitz 't/ErnajVits

C3Tnbalist 'simblist, 'simblist

|full

Czech t/ek

1-gist -st

jsaita'plaezmik

cyclorama jSaikla'raema, -'roma

cylinder

|-ing

|-es -iz |-ed -t

cypripedium, C- jSipra'pidiam

cyclist 'saiklist, ^saikhst

-li,

-d

|-ed

cyprinoid 'sipra^naid

cycle 'saikl |-d -d |-ling ^saiklig, %aik]io

-li,

'saifa(r;

'saifrig, ^saifarig

'sibl^i

cyclamen 'siklaman, -jmen

cycloid

-bs

-Svair

ES

'fstJa

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision

l-'s

-iz

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow hau [toy

Visan [Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

t3i

'em 'kipm


damnify

114

D
D, d

letter

daimon 'dannan; ES+'daimnn

di \pl D's, Ds, poss D's diz

Daingerfield 'dendsa-^fild;

-d ending see -ed

'd abbr. spelling of unstressed had,

would, as in

I'd aid, he'd hid, she'd Jid, it'd itad, we'd

Dai Nippon

ES

'dendja-

'dai ni'pan, -'pon, 'nip'pan, -'pon

{Jap 'njippon)

wid, you'd jud, they'd tied, there'd tJerd,

dainty 'denti

tiead, etc.

dairy 'den,

|-tily 'dentli, -till

'den [-man -man, -jmaen

'de:ri,

Some speakers

dab daeb dabbed daebd

|-men -man, -^men

dabble 'daebl

guish dsiiry from Derry by a longer e.

-d l-hng ^daeblig, ^daeblig

|-d

ES

dabster 'daebsta';

da capo

dais 'de-is, des |daises 'de-isiz, 'desiz

'daebst3(r

dace des daces 'desiz

the

dachshund

'daksjhund,

{Ger

^daeks^IiAnd

'de/ia, 'de/a [-n -n

dacoit da'koit |dacoitage da'koitids \-y -i

dactyl,

D-

word from

the spelling."

OED.

daisy 'dezi [daisied 'dezid

dawk dak, dak

Dakar da'kar, da-; ES -'ka:(r, E+-'ka:(r
Dakin 'dekin
Dakota da'kota, di'kota

dak,

'daksjhunt

Dacia

'daektil, -tl

|Dactyli ^daektijai

Lama

dactylic daek'tilik

Dalai

dad daed daddy 'daedi

dado 'dedo dadoed 'dedod
Daedalus 'dedlas |Daedalus's 'dedlasiz

dale del |-man,

daemon 'diman

Dallas 'daelas, Texas /oc.+'daelis

-z

|-s

|daemones 'diman^iz

da'lai'lama, 'dalai-

-men -man |-sman, -smen

-zman
Dalhousie

Quebec dael'huzi

college dael'hauzi,

D-

daffodil 'daefa^dil |-dilly -jdili

daUes,

daffy 'daefi

dalliance 'daehans, 'daeljans

daffydowndilly ^daefijdaun^dili

dally

'daeli

-iz

|-s

Dalmatia dael'me/ia, -'me/a

dalmatic,

dag

Dalrymple 'daelnmpl, dael'nmpl

Dalton 'daltn
Daly 'deh

|dagged daegd

'daega-;

daggle 'da^gl

Dago

ES

|-d

'daegaCr

-d daggling Maeghg, -glig

|

'Italian' 'dego;

Dagobert 'daegab^t,

Darjur Negro 'dago

'dfego^bs't;

ES

'daega-

'degan, -gan;

loc.

Dahl dal
dahha

-an

'dalja,

'daslja,

'delja

The

regtdar

Engd
and formerly in Amer. 'dalja is. formed on
Sw Dahl, and 'daelja is an Am modification
Anglicized form

is 'delja,

prevalent in

Daimler 'demla^, 'daimla';

|-s

-iz |-d -d

ES+-'skDta;

Damascene 'daema^sin, jdaema'sln

Damascus da'maeskas |-'s -iz
damask 'daemask

dame dem
Damien 'demian, -mjan {Fr da'mj)
damn daam |-ed -d [damning 'daemig,

|-bly

-bh

|-ation

daem-

'ne/an
'daemnajtori, -jtari;

S 'daemna-

jtori

ES

-la(r

damnify 'daemna^fai [damnified 'daemnajfaid

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gri
baO (10) [ah a [far far [watch wat/, wot/ (12) [jaw daa [gorge g3rd3 [go go

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeG;

Scotl

jdaema'skoti

damnatory

'deli

daimio 'daimjo

Key:

dael'zEl;

jdaemari'skata;

damnable 'daemnabl

Dail Eireann 'dail'eran, 'dail-, -'eran

D-

name

'daemnig

of 'dalja.

Dahomey da'homi, da'home

daily,

Am

-ziel

dal'jel, -'zel, di'el, di'el, da'el

Damariscotta

daguerreotype da'gerajtaip, da'gena-

'daelgrin,

-11,

-n

]-n

dael'maetik

damage 'daemids

ES+'degnn

Daguerre Fr da'g:r

Dahlgren

D-

dam daem [dammed daemd

bat, 'daegojbat, -jbs^t

Dagon

Dalzel,

-iz

|dalhed 'daelid

daft daeft; E+daft, daft

daejl

|-'s

daelz

Dafoe 'defo

dagger

"The

dissyllabic pronunciation of dais is a 'shot' at

da'ka:po

It

distin-

Damocles

dartle

115

Words below in which a

before r (farm) is sounded

Damocles 'daemajkliz |Damocles's 'daema-

a are

often

Daphne
Daphnis

jkliziz

Damon ^deman
damosel,

dapper

-zel 'daema^zEl |-zell

ES

'daepa(r

-d

|-d

|-ling 'daeplig, -plig

dapple-gray 'daepl'gre ('dapple-^gray 'mare)

damosella jdaema'zela

damp daemp damped daempt

Darbishire

dampen 'daempan |-ed -d |-ing -panig,

damper 'dasmpa^; ES 'daemp3(r
Dampier 'dmpir, 'daempi-a^, -pjsr ; ES

-pnig

'darbi^/ir,

ES

-/a^;

'da:bijXia(r,

-X3(r

Darby
-pi3(r.

'darbi;

ES

'da:bi

ES jda:dES da-; |-'s -iz

dare der, daer; E deaCr, ES daea(r; |-d -d
or durst da^st; ES dsst, dyst; pptc -d -d
daredevil 'der^dEvI, 'daer- E 'dea-, ES 'daeaDardanelles /dardn'Elz;

Dardanius dar'denias;

-pi-3(r, -pJ3(r

Damrosch 'daemra/; ES+-rDX;

j-'s

-iz

damsel 'daemzl

damson 'daemzn

Dan daen
Dana 'dena

daren't demt, daemt;

Danae

'daenij

Dares

Danai

'daenijai

Danbury

a (fa:m)

'daefnis |Daphnis's 'daefnisiz

'daepa^;

dapple 'daepl

jdaema^zEl

E with

pronounced in

'daefra

|-try -tri

ES dant

deant,

'deriz, 'daeriz, 'deriz;

'dteriz, 'deriz;

|-es' -iz

Darfur dar'fur,

'daen^bEri, 'daenbari

dance daens; E+dans, dans;

'dorfa^;

ES

da:'ua(r, 'da:fa(r

daric 'daerik

-iz |-d -t

|-s

Darien

dandelion 'daendl^aian, 'daendi^laian

Panama

jden'en,

'deri^En,

^daer-,

dander 'daenda^; ES 'diendaCr

Dandie 'daendi

daring 'derig, 'daeng; S 'daerig

dandify 'daendi jfai

Darius da'raias |Darius's da'raiasiz

dandle 'daendi

|-d

dandier 'daendla^;
dandruff

dandy

'daer-,

|-fied -^faid

Darjeeling,

ES

dark dark; ES dark; |darked darkt; ES da:kt

darken 'darkan; ES 'da:k-; |-ed -d |-ing

'daendla(r

'daendraf

ES

danger 'dend33';

'dend3a(r;

|-ous

|-d

ES

darkling 'darklig;
-as.

'dendsa-

-d |-ling 'daegglig, -glig

Daniel 'daenjal, old-fash, 'daenj

|-s

-z

dar'ds-

'da:ki

ES

'darkbg

darkroom 'dark^rum, -^rum; ES 'darkdarksome 'darksam; ES 'darksam

darky 'darki; ES 'darki
Darlan 'dorian; ES 'darl-; {Fr dar'la)
darUng 'darlig ES 'darlig
Darmstadt 'darmjstat; ES 'darm-;
;

Danielson Conn 'daenlsn, 'daenjalsn

Danish 'denif
Danite 'daenait

darn

dank daegk

Darnal,

{Ger

'darmjtat)

d'Annunzio da'nunzijO

{It

danseuse dan'ssz, daen-

|-s

-11

{Fr dasorz)

darnel 'darnl;

Darsie 'darsi;

Danube

dart dart;

'daenj ub, 'daenjub |-bian daen'jubian

ES

'daenvaz;

|-'s

-iz

Danzig 'daentsig {Ger 'dantsix)

dap daep [dapped daept
ful |tooth tuG [further 'fytja^;

darn; f-ed -d j-edest -dist

ES

'daml;

'darnl

Darnay dar'ne; ES dar'ne

dan'nuntsjo)
-iz

dam; ES

Dante 'daenti, 'danti {It 'dante)

Dantean 'daentian, daen'tian, 'dan-, danDantesque daen'tesk, danDanton 'daentan, Fr leader sarj 3a:k da'to
'daenva^z;

ES

darkey 'darki;

-dsras
Dangerfield 'dendsa^^fild;

|full

dar'dsihg;

-jil-

-kanig, -knig

Dane den |-geld -igeld |-lagh, -law -Ja

Danenhower 'daenan^hauof; ES -jhaua(r

Dan vers

ES

-d |-ling 'daendhg, 'daendlig

'daendi

dangle 'daeggl

-an; S jdaer-, 'daer-; Co7in -'en

Darnel,

-11

ES

'darnl

'darnl, dar'nel;

ES

'darnl, dar'nel

Darnley 'darnli; ES 'darnk

Darrow

'daero, -a

ES

ES

'darsi

dart; |-ed -id

Dartford 'dartfa-d;
dartle 'dartl;

ES

ES

'dartfad

'darti;

|-d

-d |-ling -tlig,

-tlig

ES

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

Dartmoor

debar

116

Words below in which a

before r (farm) is

Dartmoor 'dart^mur, -jmor,

jinu3(r, -^moaCr,

-jinar;

ES

daylight-saving 'dejait'sevig ('daylight-iSav-

E+-im33(r

dayspring 'de^spno

Darwinian dar'wiman; ES da'winian

daystar 'dcjstar;

Dasent ^desnt
dash daej dashes 'daefiz |-ed -t |-edly -idli
dashboard 'dae/jbord, -Joord; ES 'dae/jboad,
E+-jb33d

daytime 'deitaim

ing 'time)

data

ES

ES

'deiSta:(r

Dayton 'detn |-ian de 'toman

Daytona de'tona
daze dez dazes 'deziz [dazed dezd
|

Wlien wJwlly unaccented, de- varies

de- prefix.

'deta, 'daeta, 'data

between di- and da-. Wlien only one of these

-'ter-

date det [dated 'detid

is given

dative 'detiv

that the otlier is used by

datum 'detain [data 'deta, 'daeta,

daub dab daubed dabd
Daubeney 'dabani, 'dabni
Daubigny do'binji (Fr dobi'jii)
Daudet do'de, 'dode (Fr do'de)

ES

'data^;

deacon 'dikan

'data^nja;

ES

deadfall 'dedjfal

deadeye, D- 'ded^ai

deadhead 'dEd^hed [-headed -jhedid

deadliness 'dedbnis

deadlock 'dedjak; ES+'^lok;

'daevm^port,

'dasvan^port,

'deviz, 'devis, 'deviz

Daviess 'devis

da

Vinci,

|-'s

|-'s

jlia'nardo da'vmt/i;

ES

|-ed -d

[ing 'defamg, 'defnig

|-on -n

-jnijut,

-^miut

deal dil [dealt dslt

dean din [deaned dind

Dean(e) din

-'na:do; (It jleo'nardo da'vintji)

davit 'daevit

dear dir;

Davy 'devi
daw da

Dearborn

ES

-an,

-ri j-ship -/ip

S+da(r, dJa(r

dia(r,

'dirba^n,

|-ery

-jbam;

ES

'diaban, -^baan,

S-i-'dea-, 'djea-

dawdle 'dadl

|-d

-d 1-hng 'dadhij, 'dadjig

Dawes daz Dawes's 'daziz

dawk dak, dak
dawn dan [dawned dand
Dawson 'dasn
day, D- de |-book -jbuk [-break
Dayak 'daiask
daydream 'de^drim

|-ed

dearth d^G;
deary,

-ie

death dcG

ES

'din;

[-ths -Gs |-ly

j-like

-Jaik

death's-head 'dEGs^hed

deathwatch 'dEG^watJ, -/WotJ,

-jwatj" [-es -iz

Deauville 'dovil {Fr do'vil)

ES

-jflau'a(r,

debacle de'bakl, di-, -'baekl {Fr de'ba:kj)

debar di'bar;

-h

-Gs

deathblow 'dsG^blo
-jbrek

-jflaua(r

See in full 3~47.

dsG, d^G; [-ths

S+'den, 'dJEn

deathbed 'deG^bed

-d

dayflower 'de^flaua^, -jflaur;

[bath baeG;

'deaf-and-jdumb 'boy)

^school,

deafen 'defan

-iz

deaf-mute 'def mjut, -'miut,

Davis 'devis Davis's 'devisiz

Key:

less frcq. dif

deaf-and-dumb 'defan'dAin ('deaf-and-'dumb

-iz

Leonardo

|-ed -t

deadwood, .D- 'ded^wud

deaf def, now miich

-^poat, E-i--jpaat

Daventry 'daevantri, loc. 'dentn

David 'devid |-son -sn
Davies

|-ed -d ]-ate -it |-ess -is |-esses

dead ded |deaded 'dedid |-ly -b

deaden 'dgdn |-ed -d |-ing 'dednig, 'dednig

'datazin^la, 'datazrija

ES

the

di-.

ES

daunt dant, dnnt, dant |-ed -id |-less -lis

dauphin 'dafm |-ess -is, -j8s (Fr do'f*)
-jpart;

speakers, or

different styles.

-isiz

'datarinja, 'datanja

D-

be understood

many

The di- type with many speakers has

daughters-in-law 'data^zin^la, 'data^znja;

davenport,

it is to

same speaker in

usual tendency toward

'dataCr

'datannja,

in the vocab.,

often by the

'data

daughter-in-law

|-dly -idb

dazzle 'daezl |-d -d |-hng 'daezbg, daezlig

^daestad

datary 'detari |dataria da'teria, de-,

daughter

with a (fa:m)

daylight 'dcjlait

Dartmouth 'dartmaG; ES 'dattmaO

Darwin 'darwm; ES 'da:win; |-ism -^izam

dastard 'daesta^d;

sounded a are often pronounced in

'da:t-

bee bi [pity

baG (10) [ah a

[far

ES

-'ba:(r; [-red -d

'piti (6) [rate ret [yet JEt

far [watch wat/,

wot/

[sang sasg [angry 'aeg-gn

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gardj [go go

deckle-edged

117

debark
debark di'bark; ES -'ba:k, E+-'ba:k; 1-ed -t
debarkation ^dibar'kejan; ES -ba:-, E+-ba:debase di'bes

|-s

-iz |-d -t |-dness -idnis

ES

ES

-'ka:b-.

E+

ES

-'ka:b-.

E+

-'ka:b-; |-ated -^etid

-'ka:b-;

debate di'bet |-bated -'betid

debenture di'bentja^;

-iz

|-'s

decarbonate di'karban^et;
decarbonize di^karban^aiz;

debatable, -bateable di'betabl

debauch di'bat/ |-es -iz |-ed

debauchee jdeba'tji, -'/i
debauchery di'botjari, -t/n

Decapolis di'kaepahs

-t |-edly -idli

|-s

decarburize
-'ka:b-,

-d

-iz |-d

ES

-'karba-;

dl'karbja^raiz,

E+-'ka:b-

decasyllable 'dekajSilabl |-bic ^dekasi'laebik

-'bent/aCr; |-d -d

decathlon di'kaeOlan; ES+-lon

debiUtate di'bibjtet |-tated -^tetid

Decatur di'ket; ES

debUitation di^bila'teXan

decay di'ke |-cayed -'ked

debility di'bibti

Deccan 'dekan

debit 'debit debited 'debitid

decease di'sis

-'keta(r

-iz |-d -t

|-s

jdebaWr,

debonair, -aire

ES

-'naer;

-'nE3(r,

deceit di'sit

-'naB3(r

Deborah 'debsra
debouch di'buj |-es
|-'s

decelerate di'selajret [-rated -^retid

-iz [-ed -t

deceleration di^selaVe/an, jdisela-

December di'semba^; ES -'smba(r

-iz

debt del [debtor

'deta^;

ES

ES

decemvir di'semva';

'detaCr

-'smva(r;

debunk di'bAgk |-ed -t

De Burgh di'bs^g; ES -'bsg, -'byg
Debussy da'bjusi, -'biu- {Fr daby'si)

decemvirate di'semvarit,

debut di'bju, de-,

decennial di'semal

-jtet, -vrit

ES

-'snta(r; [-(e)d -d

|-(r)ing -'sentarig, -'sentrig

decentralization

decade 'deked, dek'ed

|-cy -i |-dent

^disentrala'zejan,

deception di'sep/an

|-s

-iz [-d

decide di'said [-cided -'saidid

decahedron jdeka'hidran

|-s

-z [-dra -dra

deciduous di'sidsuas

decalcify di'kaelsa^fai |-fied -^faid

decigram,

-mme

decalescence jdika'lesns |-scent -snt

decile,

'desil

decaliter, -tre 'dekajita^;

ES

-il

'desajgriem

deciliter, -tre 'desajlita';

-jlita(r

ES

-jlita(r

Decalogue, -log 'deka^bg, -\ag, -jlog

decillion di'siljan j-th -6 [-ths -Os

Decameron di'kaemaran, de-

decimal 'desaml

verse di'kaemata^;

ES

-'kaemata(r

decameter, -tre meas. 'dekajmita^;

ES

-ta(r

decamp di'kaemp -camped -'kaempt

[-ly -i

decimate 'desajmet

di'kaemp

[-d -id j-tion

decimeter, -tre 'desa^mita^;

decipher di'saifa^;

Camp

-d

|-tive -tiv

decibel 'desa^bel

'deka^graem

decahedral jdeka'hidral

de

dijsen-.

-ai'z-

decentralize di'sentral^aiz

di'kednt, 'dekadant

decagon 'dekajgan; ES+-jgDn

decameter

[-i

[-ly -i

decenter, -tre di'senta^;

debutante idebju'tant 'debja^taEnt

-mme

-z

decency 'disnsi [decent Misnt

-'biu, 'debju, -biu |-ed -d

decadence di'kedns, 'dekadans

[-s

-^ai

{Fr de'by)

decagram,

-fah

|-ful -fal [-fully

deceive di'siv |-ceived -'sivd

debris, de- da'bri, 'debri, Brit 'debri

Debs debz

decedent di'sidnt

ES

ES

jdesa'tne/an

-jmita(r

-'saifa(r; j-ed -d l-ing

-'saifario, -'saifrig

decanal 'dekanl, di'keni

decision di'sigan

|-ly -i

decane 'deken

|-al -1

decisive di'saisiv
decistere 'desa;Stir;

ES

decantation ^dikaen'te/an

Decius

|-'s

decapitate di'kaepa^tet |-tated -^tetid

deck dek [decked dekt j-house -^haus

decapitation dijkaepa'te/an, jdikaepa-

deckle, -ckel 'dekl

decapod 'dekajpad; ES+-jpDd

deckle-edged'dekl'edsdCdeckle-jcdged'bond)

decant di'kaent |-ed -id

[full

|-er -3^;

ES

ful jtooth tuO [further 'fy'Sa^;

-a(r

ES

'fstJa

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz jdish di/ [vision

'di/ias, -/as

-^stiaCr

-iz

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow hau [toy

Visan [Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

declaim

118

defensible

declaim di^klem |-claimed -'klemd

decurrent di'kyant;

declamation ^dEkb'meJan

Dedham 'dedam

declamatory di'klaema^tori,

-^tari;

dedicate 'deda^ket

-^tori

declaration jdekb 're/an

ES

-\3-

-'ksr-, -'kAr-,

|-d -id |-tor

ES

-;

-a(r

dedication /deda^ke/an

declarative di'klaerativ

dedicatory 'dEdakajton, -^tan; S -^toin

declaratory di'kljerajtori, -jtari; S -jtori

deduce di'djus,

declare

di'kler,

-'klaer;

-'klaeaCr; |-d -d |-dly -idli

declension di'kknjan

-'kle3(r,

|-r -9-;

ES

ES

-3(r

-k

|-al -1 [-ally

declination jdekla'ne/an
decline

di'kkm

|-clined

|-al -1

Dee
dee

-ti

decoct di'kakt; ES+-'kDkt; |-ed -id

decoction di'kak/an;

ES + -'kDk-;

|-tive -tiv

decollate di'kakt; ES+-'kDl-; \-d -id

jdekaFte, -kola'te, -kol- (Fr de-

kbl'te)

|-s

dee

-'dius-,

'die'

di
|-d

-d

letter di

deed did [deeded 'didid

deem dim [deemed dimd
Deems dimz |-'s -iz
deemster 'dimsta^; ES 'dimsta(r
deep dip

deepen 'dipan

decoloration jdikAlaVeJan
-iz \-d -d

deep-mouthed
'dip'mautid,
-mouthed 'bay)

-iz |-d -d

deep-rooted 'dip'rutid, -'rutid

decompose jdikam'poz

|-s

ES+-kmn-

decomposition jdikampa'zi/an;

decompound jdiksm'paund
decompress jdikam'prES

ES

decor de'kar;

Decorah di'kora,

|-tor -ta^;

Deerfield

jdeka'rejan

ES

ES

-jhaund

-'kara; S -'kora

decorative 'dEka^retiv

deep-sea 'dip'si ('deep-'sea

deer dir;

|-es -iz j-ed -t

|-d -id |-tion

[-ed -d |-ing 'dipanig, 'dipniij

('deep-

-et

jlife)

deep-seated 'dip'sitid ('deep-jseated 'faith)

|-ed -id

-'kasd; (Fr de\'6:r)

decorate 'deka^ret

-jskm

'dir.fild;

ES

|-s

-iz j-d -t |-able -abl

decorum di'koram,

defalcate di'faelket, -^fal- |-d -id |-tor

decoy

-'kar-;

S -%orain

jdi-

ES

defalcation jdifael'kejan, -fal-

defamation ^dEfa'meJan,

'dikris, ^di'kris, di- |-s -iz

decrease v di'kris,

-a-;

-3(r

v di'kai |-ed -d

decrease

-hound

S+'da-,

'dia.fild,

de facto di'faekto

di'kai, 'dikai

|-stalking -jStakig

'dJEa-

deface di'fes

-ta(r

dia(r, S-fdEa(r, dJEa(r;

|-skin

decorous 'dekaras, di'koras; EN+-'kDr-

decoy n

|-bly

j-tive -trv

decolorate di'kAk^ret |-rated -jtetid

|-s

-'dus-

|-ed -id |-ible -abl

decolorant di'kAkrant

decolorize di'kAb^raiz

-iz |-d -t

di

dee 'damn' di

decode di'kod |-coded -'kodid

decollete

di'djusabl,

deduction di'dAkJan

-'kkind

declivitous di'klivatas |-ty

deducible

-bU
deduct di'dAkt

declinable di'klainabi

-'dius, -'dus

deducibility di^djusa'bilati, -jdius-, -^dus-

|-s

-iz

|-d

-t

('de-

jcreased 'buying)

jdi-

defamatory di'faemajton, -jtari; S

defame di'fem |-famed -'femd

decree di'kri |-creed -'krid

default di'falt |-ed -id

decrement 'dekramant

defeasibility dijfiza'bdati

decrepit di'krepit

defeasible di'fizabl

-jtori

decrepitude di'krEpajtjud, -jtiud, -^tud

defeat

decrescendo

defecate 'dsfa^ket |-d -id j-tion jdEfa'keJan

^dikra'/endo,

^de-

(//

jdekre-

'/Endo)

|-ist -ist

defection di'fekjan |-tive -trv

decry di'krai |-cried -'kraid

|-crial -'kraial

decumbent di'kAmbant
decuple 'dekjupl, dek'jupl

defend di'fEnd |-ed -id |-ant -ant

defense, Brit -ce di'fsns

|-d

-d |-ling -plig.

|-s

-iz j-sive -iv

defensibility di;fEnsa'bikti

defensible di'tensabl |-bly -bh

-pjio

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) [rate ret |}^et jst |sang saeg |angr}- 'ag-gri
baO (10) |ah a Jfar far |watch watf, wot/ (12) |jaw d^o [gorge gards |go go

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

-izam

defect di'fEkt, 'difEkt

decretal di'kritl

Key:

di'fit |-ed -id |-ism

defer

deleterious

119

defer di'fs^;

ES

dehorn di'harn; ES -'haan; |-ed -d

dehydrate di'haidret |-drated -dretid

-d

-'fsCr, -'fy; |-red

deference 'dsfarans
deferential jdefa'ren/al

deferrer di'fya^;
defiance,

D-

ES

deictic 'daiktik

|-ly -i

di'faians

|-s

|-al -1 |-ally -ji, -ikli

deification jdiafa'ke/an

-'fsraCr, -'fyaCr

deiform 'diajfarm;

-iz |-ant -ant

deify 'diajfai

deficiency di'fi/ansi |-cient -/ant

ES

-jfaam

|-fied -^faid

deficit 'defasit,

deign den [deigned dend

defier di'faia^;

Dei gratia 'diai'grejia

deU dil
Deiphobus di'ifabas |-'s

5n7 + di'fisit
ES -'fai'3(r

defile 'befouV di'fail |-filed -'faild

defile

'march

defile

-d

di'fail, <difail |-d

o_ff'

-iz

Deira 'deara

di'fail, 'difail

Deirdre Mirdri, 'derdri;

definable di'fainabl |-bly -bli

define di'fain -fined -'faind

ES

'dia-, 'dea-; Ir

'derdre

definition jdefa'nijan

deism 'diizam

definitive di'finativ

deistic di'istik |-al -1 |-ally -Ii, -ikli

|-ist -ist

deflate di'flet |-d -id |-flation -'fle/an

deity 'diati

deflationaiy di'fleXanjeri

deject di'd3ekt |-ed -id |-ction -k/an

deflect di'fkkt |-ed -id

dejeune, -ner n 'desa^ne {Fr desoe'ne)

deflection, -flexion di'tlekjan

de jure di'dsuri, -'dsiuri

deflower di'flaua^;

Defoe,

De Foe

ES

Dekker

di'fo

deforce di'fors, -'fors;

|-s

De Kalb

-'flau-3(r; |-ed -d

ES

E+-

-'foas,

faas;

di'k^lb

'deka^;

De Koven

-IZ |-d -t

deforest di'forist, -'far-, -'for- |-ed -id

ES

-'faam;

|-ed

-d

,dif|

-edly

-idh
jdefa^-;

ES

jdifaa-.

jdefa-

deformity di'formati;

ES

delaine,

da'len

di'Iaend

Deland di'Iaend, Brit tiame 'diland

Delano 'dela^no

|-al -al

defrock di'frak; ES+-'frDk; |-ed

D-

Mare, D- 'dela/mEr, -jmaer; E -jm8a(r.

ES -jmaea(r; acd + jde la 'Mare
Delamere 'dElajmir; ES -jmia(r, S+-jm8a(r
la

De Land

-'faamati

defraud di'frad |-ed -id

defray di'fre |-ed -d |-able -abj

di'kovan

Delagoa jdEla'goa ('Delajgoa 'Bay)

de

deformation jdifor'mejan,

'deka

Delafield 'dela.fild

deforestation di^faris'teXan, -^far-, -jfor-

deform di'form;

ES

dekle 'dekl

De

-t

defrost di'frast, -'frost |-ed -id

la Pole ^dela'pol

delate di'let |-lated -'letid

deft dEft

Delavan 'delavan

defunct di'fAgkt

Delaware 'dela^wEr,

defy n

defy

-^waer;

-jwea(r,

Delawarean idela'werian, -Vaer-; S -'waerian

V di'fai |-fied -'faid

degenerate adj di'dsenarit, -'dsenrit

-racy

-rasi, -nrasi

De La Warr

'dtla^wer -jwaer;

-^weaCr,

ES

-jWjea(r

degenerate v di'd3enajret

|-d -id |-tive

- IV

delay di'Ie |-layed -'led

degeneration dijd3ena'rej'an, jdidsena-

dele

deglutinate di'glutn^et, -'gliut-

delectable di'lektabj |-bly -bli

|-d -id

deglutition jdiglu'tijan, -gliu-

degrade di'gred

'dill

deled 'dilid

delectation jdlkk'te/an, dijlek'te/an

|-d -id |-dation ^dEgra'c

ejan

delegate

ti

'dela^get, 'delagit j-gacy -gasi

degree di'gri |-d -d

delegate v 'debjget

De Groot da'grot=Grotius

de Lesseps da'ksaps {Fr dale'ssps)

degum dl'gAm -gummed -'gAmd

delete di'lit |-leted -'litid |-letion -'li/an

dehisce di'his

deleterious jdela'tirias

|full

ES

-jWa(r

di'fai, 'difai

|-s

-iz |-d -t |-nce -ns |-nt -nt

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fytfa^;

ES

|-d -id |-tion

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

jdela'ge/an
j-'s

hau

-iz

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz jdish dij" [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

D-

delft,

US

Delhi

|-ware

delft

ES

-,vf3{r,

Delia

democratic

120

delft

-ha

-ai'z-

demagnetize di'maegna^taiz

-n

|-n

delve delv [delved delvd

demagnetization jdimaegnata'zejan, di^mjeg-,

India 'deh

'delhai,

'diJja,

-^waer;

-iwet,

-jWaB3(r

demagogic

deliberate adj di'libarit, -brrt

deliberate v di'liba^ret |-d -id |-tion dijiba-

-'gDg-

|-s

jdema'gadsik,

-iz |-d

-d

-'gDd5-,

-'gag-,

|-al -1 !-ally -li, -ikli

delicatessen jdelaka'tesn

demagogism 'demaigagizam, -/gag-, -^gogdemagogue, -gog 'dema^gag, -jgag, -^gug

|-guery -an, -n
demagogy 'demajgodsi, -^gagi, -jgagi, -,gDgi

delicious di'li/as

demand di'maend;

'refan
deliberative di'Iiba^retiv |-tor -ta^;

ES

-t3(r

delicate 'debkat, -kit |-cacy -kasi

delight di'lait |-ed -id |-ful -fal |-fully -fall

E+-'inaiid, -'mand; |-ed

-id

delimit diUimit |-ed -id

demarcate di'raarket, 'dimar^ket;

E+-a:k-; |-d -id

delimitation dijima'te/an, jdllima-

demarcation jdimar'kejan;

Delilah di'laila

delineate di'linijct |-d -id |-tion dijiiu'e/an

delineative di'lini^etiv |-tor

-ta^;

ES

-a:k-,

-ma:'k-,

E+

-ma:'k-

Demas

-ta(r

ES

ES

'dimas

|-'s

-iz

delinquency di'hgkwansi |-quent -kwant

dematerialize jdima'tirialjaiz

deliquesce ^dela'kwes

deliquescence jdela'kwesns |-cent -snt

demean di'tnin |-ed -d |-or -a-; ES -a(r

dement di'ment |-ed -id |-ia -'menjia, -fa

delirium diUiriam

demerit di'ment

De

Delisle,

Dehtzsch 'dehtj

DeUus

'dihas

di'lail,

da'lil

-iz

ES

dehver di'hva^;

Fr name

-iz

|-'s

|-'s

-iz |-d -t

-z |-ria -ria |-rious -rias

|-s

US

I'lsle

|-s

-'liva(r;

-d

|-ed

|-ing

-'hvario. -'hvriij |-ance -varans, -vrans

deliverer di'Iivara^, -'Iivra^;

ES

-ra(r;

|-very

D-

del Delia 'dela

|

Delia Robbia ^dela'rabia, -'rob- (It jdella-

demihtarize di'milatajraiz

ES

dei'marva;

-'ma:va,

E+

demise di'maiz

demisemiquaver

'dilas, -Ids |-'s -iz

delouse di'laus, -'lauz

|-s

|-s

Delphos

'delfas, -fas, -fos

|-'s

DelRio

del'rio

ES

Andrea

-iz

-'sa:t,

-jeri

demitint 'demi^tint

E+-'sa:t

'andriadel'sarto;

ES

del'te-ik |-toid 'deltoid

|-ic

delude di'lud, -'liud

deluge 'deljuds

|-s

demobilization

ES

-isdj, -j^ds;

jdimobla'zefan,

|-s

democrat, D- 'demajkraet

democratic jdema'kraetik

de luxe di'luks, -'Uks (Fr da'lyks)

See hi full 3-47.

-iz |-d -d

|far

[-al

-1

|-ally

-|i,

-ikb

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

-iz

democracy da'makrasi; ES+-'mDk-

-d

delusion di'lusan, -'liusan

|bath baeO;

|-s

di^mobla-,

-ai'z-

demobilize di'mobljaiz

|-d -id

-iz |-d

demiurge 'demij^ds;

delusive di'lusiv, -'lius- |-sory -sari

Key:

ES

jdemi'semajkweva^;

demit m di'mit, 'dimit

demit v di'mit |-ted -id

-z

E+-'sa:to; (li an'dreradel'sarto)

'delta

-iz |-d -d

demitasse 'dema/tses, -jtas (Fr dami'ta:s)

Delsarte del'sart;
Sarto,

|-s

demission di'mi/an |-ary

'delfai |-phian -fian |-phic -fik

D-

(Fr

-(kweva(r

-d

-iz |-d -t,

delphinium, D- derfiniam

delta,

-mon-

Deming 'demig

Delos

-'sa:to,

-iz |-d -d

demirep 'deim^rep

-'ma:va

del

|-s

demimonde 'demi^mand, -jmond, jdemi'm-

Delmonico dermanijko, -'mon-

Delphi

|-ed -id

(Fr dami'mord)

'robbja)

Delmarva

-d

demesne di'men, -'min |-nial -lal

Demeter di'mita^; ES -'mita(r
Demetrius di'mitrias |-'s -iz
demigod 'demajgad, -igod
demijohn 'dema^dsan, -td^nn

demimondaine ^demiman'den,
damimo'den)

-\9TI, -vri
dell,

-iz |-d

|-s

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far |watch wat/,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gardj |go go

demooratize

denote

121

democratize da^makra^taiz; ESH'mok-s

l-s

Democritus di^makritss; ES+'Wok-;

Demogorgon

-iz

den den denned dend

demography diWagrsfi,

di-,

demoiselle jdemwa'zel {Fr damwa'zel)

demolish diWali/; ES+-'mDl-;

[-s -iz |-rii -riiai

denary 'denari, 'dinari

denationalize diW/anj^aiz,

-'mng-

|-es -iz j-ed -t

-'m3r3(r,

denarius di'nerias, -'ner-

-'gDagsn

ES

di'mya*}

'objection'

ES

|-'s

jdems-;

jdims^gorgdn,

demurrer

-Wr-, -'ma^aCr
demy di'mai

-iz |-d -d

-/nal-

demolition jdema'li/an, jdlma-

denaturahzation dljnaet/rala'ze/an,

demon 'dimsn

denaturalize

demonetization
-ai'z-;

-^mAn-,

dijinanats^zcjan,

ES+-jmDn-

demonetize
-'mon-;

-akh

|-ly -i,

demonic di'manik; ES+-'mDn-;

demonism 'dimdnjizsm

ES

denature di'net/a^;

-'abtaCr,

'dEmanstrabI,

di^manstrs-;

ES

denim 'denam, 'demm

demonstrative di'manstrativ; ES+-'mDn-; in

Denis 'denis

ES

-^mar-.

|-s

-iz

ES -'maagan

denitrate di'naitret |-trated -tretid

-d

|-'s

-iz

Denny

'deni

denominate

|-s

-s |-s's -siz

adj

di'namanit,

-jnet;

ES+

-'nom-

denomination di^nama'nejan;
|-al -I,

-Jnal |-ally

-li,

ES+-jnDm-;

-/nali j-alism -l^izam,

-/nal-

-sta(r

denominative

demur di'my; ES -'m3(r, -'my; ]-red -d

demure di'mjur, -'miur; ES -'mjuaCr,

di'nama^netiv,

-nativ;

ES+

-'nom-

denominator dt'namajnet; ES-'nama^netaCr,

-'nnm-

-'miua(r

demurrage di'm^ids; ES -'msr-, -'mAr-,

-'mydemurrer 'objector^ di'ms^; ES -'m3ra(r.

denotation jdino'te/an
denotative di'notativ, esp. in contrast with

connotative 'dino^tetiv

denote di'not |-noted -'notid

-'myacr
ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fy'Ss';

using 'juzig |fuse fjuz,

|-ed

Denmark 'denmark; ES -mark, E+-ma:k

Dennison 'denasn

demos Mimas, -mns |-mi -mai

Demosthenes di'masOa/niz, -'mos- |-'s -iz
demote di'mot |-moted -'motid |-tion -'mo/an
demotics di'matiks; ES+-'mDtdemount di'maunt |-able -abj

-iz

|-'s

Dennis 'denis

l-d-d

|full

{Fr da'ni)

-iz

|-'s

denizen 'denazn

-iinior-, -ai'z-

demorahze di'moraljaiz, -'mar-, -'mor-

-'nai-acr

Denison 'denasn

-jstret3(r

di^marala'ae/an,

ES

-'nia(r; {Fr da'nje)

denigrate 'dena^gret |-grated -^gretid

Denise da'niz

sense '^/joie'y'+'dEmanjStretiv

ES

-Jia(r,

denial di'naial, -'nail |-able -'naiabl

demonstration jdeman'stre/an

ES

dengue 'deggi, 'degge

Denham 'denam
denier 'contradicter' di'naia^;

demonstrator 'demanjStreta'

-/a^;

den'draidj

|-al

denier coin da'nir;

dempster 'dempsta^;
demulcent di'mAlsnt

-d [-ring

dendrology den'draladsi; ES+-'drDl-

demonstrant di'manstrant; ES+-'mDndemonstrate 'deman^stret |-strated -^stretid

di'margan;

[-d

Deneb 'deneb
di^man-

^demanstra'bilati,

ES+-'mDn-; l-bly-bh

De Morgan

-Ju,

|-shire

dendroid 'dendroid

ES

ES+'^mnn-

demoralization

-tja(r;

dendrite 'dendrait

|-al -1

-'d1-; |-try -tri |-logy -ladsi

stra-;

-iz

-/3(r

|-ist -ist

jdiman'abta^ ;

demonstrable

\-s

l-d-d

Denbigh 'denbi

demoniac diWoni^sek
demoniacal jdima'naiakl

demonstrability

-ai'z-

-tjaral-

-'net/anrj, -'net/rig

-iz |-d -d

demonolater

di'naet/raljaiz,

denaturant di'net/arant

ES+

-'mAn-;

di'manajtaiz,

|-s

-iz

l-s

l-d-d

imz

ES

'fatSa

|custom 'kAstam |while hwail jhow hau [toy

|dish di/ vision 'vijan

|

[Eden

'idi^i

|cradk 'kredj jkeep 'em

tai

'kipifi

denouement

deputation

122

denouement de'numa {Fr denu'ma)

denounce di'nauns |-s -iz |-d -t

deplorable di'plorab}, -'pbr-; S -'plor-; |-bly

de novo di'novo

deplore

-bh

dense dens density 'densati

dent dnt dented 'dentid

deploy di'pbi

dental 'denti

deplume di'plum, -'plium

|-ly -i

dentate 'dentet |-tated -tetid |-tion den'tejan

denticulate adj den'tikjalit, -^let
dentifrice 'dentajfris

|-ed

-d

|-d

depolarization jdipobra'zejan, di^pol-, -ai'z-

depone di'pon

|-d

-iz |-d

|-s

-d

-d |-nt -ant

dentilabial ^denti'lebial

depopulate di'papjajlet; ES-i--'pDp-;

dentin 'dentin dentine 'dentin, -tax

depopulation

dentist 'dentist |-ry -ri

jdipapja'le/an,

deport di'port, -'part;

Denton 'dentan

ES

deportation

'dentJaCr; |-ral -al

denude di'njud, -'mud, -'nud

denunciate di'nAnsi^et,

deportee

|-d -id

denunciatory di'nAnsia^tori,

-Ji-,

-itari;

Denver 'denva'; ES 'denv3(r

deny di'nai [denied di'naid
Denys 'denis |-'s -iz {Fr da'ni)
deodand 'dis^daend

ES

-jda:(r,

depository

ES+-'pDz-;

ES

ES+-'Dks-;

|-s

-iz

E+-'pa:t; |-ed -id

|-ment -mant
jdipart-;

|-d

-d |-pravity -^praevati
|-d -id |-tive -iv

deprecation jdepra'ke/an
-jtari;

S -jtori

depreciable di'prijiabj

-'pa:tj3(r,

E+ -'part-

dependence di'pendans

|-bly

di'pir;

Depew

di'pju, -'piu

depress di'pres

-bh

ES

-ta(r

-,toTi

|-d -id |-tor -a^;

ES

-a(r

|-es -iz |-ed -t |-ant

-nt

depression di'prejan |-sive -'presiv

[-cy -i

deprival di'praivl

deprivation jdepra've/an

-'pi3(r

deprive di'praiv |-prived -'praivd

de profundis ;dipra'fAndis

depict di'pikt j-ed -id

depiction di'pik/an |-ture

-ta^;

di'prij'ia^tori, -jtari;

depredation ^depri'de/an

dependent, -ant di 'pendant

Depere

depreciatory

depredate 'depri^det

|-ed -id

dependable di'pendabl

depreciation di^pri/i'ejan
depreciative di'pri/ijetiv [-tor

ES

dependability dijpenda'bilati

ES

ES

|-ly -i

departure di'part/a^;

-tja^;

ES

-tX3(r

depilate 'depa^let |-lated -Jetid

Deptford 'detfyd;

depth depG

ES

'detfad

|-ths -Os

depilatory di'pibjtori, -jtari; S -jtori

Depue

deplete di'plit |-d -id |-tion -'pli/an

deputation jdepja'te/an

di'pju, -'piu

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang ssg [angry 'aeg-gri
baG (10) |ah a |far far [watch wat/, wot/ (12) jjaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

in full 3^7.

-^tori.

depreciate di'pri/ijct |-ated -^etid

dispart 'mentl,

E+-a:t-;

[bath baee;

-jtari;

'dipo, Brit usually 'depo

deprecatory 'deprakajtori,

l-d-d

Key; See

|-ed -id

depravation jdepra've/an

-d

deprave di'prev

depend di'pend

-'poat-.

ES+-'pDZ-

deprecate 'depra^ket

-^pa:t,

ES

-'pazita(r, -'pnz-

di'pazajtori,

volente 'diovo'lenti

ES

-poa-, E-^-paa-

-'part-;

-iz |-d -d |-sal -1

|-s

di'pazit;

gratias 'dio'grefijaes

di'aksajdaiz;

-poa-,

deposition ^depa'zi/an, jdi-

E+-jda:(r

-iz |-d

|-s

D-

depositor di'pazita^;

depot

deodorize di'odajraiz

ES

-par-;

depositary di'paza^teri; ES+-'pDZ-

deodorant di'odarant

departmental

E+-'poat;

-'peat,

ES

jdipor'ti, -par-;

depose di'poz
deposit,

-jtori

deodar 'disjdar;

jdipor'te/an,

deportment di'portmant,
E+-'paat-

-/i- |-d -id j-tive -iv

denunciation dijnAnsi'efan, -Ji'e/an

-a:t-,

ES

E+-paa-

denudation jdinju'dejan, jden-, -niu-, -nu-

depart di'part;

ES+

|-ed -id

denture 'dentja^;

deoxidize

]-d -id

dijpap-;

-np-

dentition den'ti/an

Deo
Deo

E+

-'plo3(r,

-d

depolarize di'pobjraiz

|-d -id

-iz

|-s

ES

-'pbr;

di'plor,

-'pb3(r; l-d -d

depute
depute di'pjut, -'pnit
deputize 'dEpja^taiz

De

despair

123

-d |-ty

-iz |-d

descend di'send

Quincey, -cy di'kwinsi

|-s

ES

'dybi;

places

Eng

E+'da:bi;

Am

races 'dybi.

'darbi;

races

ES

US

'dybi.

'dabi,

'da:bi,

|-shire -Jir, -JV;

The Brit pron.

descendent adj di'sendant

-d

-iz |-d

'darbi, 'dybi;

'darbi;

less freq.

-jJiaCr, -Ja(r

of all these is 'da:bi, 'darbi,

descent di'sent

Deschamps Fr

de'/a, de-

Deschutes de'/ut
describable di'skraibabl |-bly -bli
describe di'skraib |-scribed -'skraibd
description di'skripjan |-tive -tiv

'dybi.

less freq. 'dabi,

|-ed -id |-ible, -able -abl

descendant n, adj di'sendant

Derby Engd

E+-'ka:t; (Fr

-'ka:t,

de'kart, de-)

-ti

derail di'rel -railed -Veld

derange di 'rends

ES

Descartes de'kart;

[-d -id

|-s

derby 'dybi; ES 'dabi, 'dybi; Brit

'da:bi,

descry di'skrai |-scried -'skraid

Desdemona jdezda'mona

'darbi
derelict 'dera^Iikt |-ction idera'hkjan

desecrate 'desi^kret |-crated -^kretid

deride di'raid |-rided -'raidid

desecration jdESi'kreJan

de rigueur Fr dari'gceir

desensitization

derision di'risan

-risible

^disensata'zejan,

derisive di'raisiv |-sory -sari

desensitize di'snsajtaiz

derivable di'raivabl |-bly -bli

desert 'merit' di'za^t;

derivation jdera've/an

desert

derivative da'rivativ

desert

derma 'd^ma; ES 'dsma, 'dyma

ES

desertion di'zaj'an;

jdama-, jdyma-

dermatological jds^mata'ladsikl;

ES

^dsma-.

jdyma-,

ES

^dyma'taladsi;

-'tol-;

dermis 'dymis;

jdama-.

ES

'da'^nia^;

'damis, 'dymis

deserve di'zs^v;

ES

ES

-'zaj-, -'zaj"-

-'zav, -'za^v; |-d -d j-dly

-idli

ES

&

Eng

dishabille

desiccate 'dEsa^ket |-d -d |-tive -iv

'dama(r,

desiderate di'sida^ret |-rated -itetid

desideratum di^sida'retam

'dyn-;

{Fr

|-rata -'reta

design di'zam -signed -'zaind |-edly -idli

|

designate adj 'dezignit, 'ds-, -^net

der'nje)

Fr dEmje'kri
dernier ressort Fr dernjera'sb'ir

designation jdezig'tie/an, jdes-

derogate 'dera^get |-gated -igetid

designative 'dezigjuetiv, 'dS-

derogation jdera'ge/an

designee jdezig'ni, jdS-

dewier

designate v 'dezig^net, 'des-

cri

derogative di'ragativ, -'rng-

derogatory

di'taga^tori,

-jtori; |-rily

D-

-itari;

-rah

D- 'dermdsa^; ES

di'zaia(r; |-d -d |-dly -idh

desist di'zist |-ed -id |-ance -ans |-ive -iv

desk dsk |desked deskt

Des Moines di'main, -'mainz

-dsaCr

Derry 'den

|-'s

-z,

-nziz

desolate adj 'deslit

ES

'dav-, 'dyv-; |-es -iz

Derwent 'da^want, -went; ES

descant n 'deskaent

'da-, 'da'-

ful |tooth tu9 [further 'fa's*;

desolate v 'desj^et |-d -id |-tor

De

ES

-a^;

ES

-a(r

Soto di'soto, -'sota

despair

descant v des'kaent, di'skaent [-ed -id

|full

ES

|-rous -as

'derik |-ed -t

dervish 'dyvij*;

desirable di'zairabl |-bly -bli

desire di'zair;

derring-do 'derig'du
derringer,

|-d -id

desirabiUty di^zaira'bilati

-'rng-,

Deronda da'randa; ES-h-'ronderrick,

j-ed

desiccant 'desakant

-gist -dsist

Dermott 'da'mat; ES 'damat, 'dymat

Derna 'dema; ES 'deana
dernier

-d

deshabille ^deza'bil, c/ i^r deshabille dezabi'je

jds^ma-, -'lods-

dermatology

-iz |-d

[-s

ES -'zat, -'za't
'a waste' 'deza^t; ES 'dezat
'abandon' di'za^t; ES -'zat, -'zyt;

-id

derive da'raiv -rived -'raivd

dermatitis jdyma'taitis;

di^sen-.

-ai'z-

di'nzabl

di'sper,

-'spaer;

-'spea(r,

ES

-'spaea(r; |-ed -d
'fatSa

|custom 'kAStam [while hwail |how hau |toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan

tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kred} [keep 'em 'klpm

124

(iesnatch
despatch di'spaetj

-t= dispatch

1-es -iz 1-ed

desperado ^despa'tedo
Mespikib},

less

di'spikab)

freq.

-bh

l-bly

|-s

-iz |-d

despite di'spait |-d -id

-d |-dness -idnis

|-ful -fal

Des Plaines des'plenz (Fr

-fully -fall

despond di'spand, -'spend

determinate

ES

-'t3^m-;

-'tsm-, -'tym-

di't^manit;

adj

|-nce

ES

-/tsm-.

ES

-'tam-, -'ts'm- ; l-d -d

-/izam

|-dly -dli, -idli |-nism

|-nist -ISt

ES

-'tsr-, -'tAr-,

-'ty-, -'tEr-

despotic di'spatik; ES+-'spnt-;

|-al -1

|-ally

detest di'tESt |-ed -id |-able -abl |-bly -bh

detestation /ditEs'te/an

-h

dethrone di'Sron, di-

despotism 'despatiizam

despumate di'spjumet,

'despjujinet

-'spiu-,

l-d -id

desquamate 'deskwa^met |-mated -^metid

dessert di'zyt;

ES

-Wt;

-hst,

|-d

-d

de Tocqueville di'takvil, -'tok- (Fr datak'vil)

detonate 'dEtan/ct, -ton- |-d -id |-tor -3-; ES
-a(r

|-spoon -jspun,

detonation /dEta'ne/an, -to-

detour 'ditur, di'tur |-ed -d

-/Spun

detract di'traekt |-ed -id

Stijl da'stil

jdestaW/an

destination

destine 'destin |-d -d |-tiny -tani

detrain di'tren |-trained -'trend

detriment 'dEtramant
detrimental /dEtra'mEntl

destitution jdesta'tju/an, -'tiu-, -'tu-

destroy di'strai |-ed -d

|-er -3-;

ES

|-ly -i

detritus di'traitas

destructible di'strAktabl

Detroit di'trait

destruction di'strAk/an |-tive -trv

de trop Fr da'tro

|-er

ES

-^;

destructivity jdistrAk'tivati, di^strAk'trv-

Deucahon dju'kehan, dm-,

desuetude 'deswi^tjud,

deuce djus, dius, dus

-^tiud, -jtud

desulphurize di'sAlfa^raiz, -fja'desj/ton,

-/tan;

|-s

-iz |-d -d

-/ton;

|-rily

|-s

-a(r

du-, -Ijan

-iz

[d

-id. -t l-dly

-idh

Deuel

'djual, 'dmal, 'dual

deus ex machina 'dias/Eks'maekma

-rail, -nil
di'taetj" |-es -iz [-ed -t |-edly

deuterium dju'tinam, diu-, du-

-idh

Deuteronomy

detachabihty di/taet/a'bibti
detachable di'taetjabl |-bly -bli

/djuta'ransmi,

jdiu-,

Deutsches Reich Ger 'daytjas'raix

'ditel, di'tel

Deutschland Gcr 'doytj/lant

detain di'ten |-ed -d

De

detect di'tekt 1-ed -id |-able -abl |-bly -bli

devaluate di'vaelju/et |-ated -/Ctid

detection di'tek/an |-tive -tiv

|-tor -ta^;

ES

detent di'tEnt

ES

devaluation /divaelju'efan

develop di'vslap

-'t3(r, -'ty; [-red

deterge di'tyds;

ES

-'tsdj,

-d |-nce -ans |-ncy -ansi

See in full 3-47.

|bath bsefl;

-'lira

devastation /dEvas'tefan

detention di 'ten/an

Key:

Valera dava'iera, -'kra,

devastate 'dEvaS/tet |-tated -/tetid

-ta(r

|-d

/du-;

ES-^-'ron-

detail v di'tel [-ed -d |-edly -idh

deter di'ty;

- a(r

detrition di'tn/an

-a(r

destructibility di^strAkta'bilati

desultory

ES

-^;

j-or

detraction di'traek/an |-tory -tan

destitute 'dst9/tjut, -jtiut, -^tut |-d -id

-'t3m-,

dijts'ma'nejan;

deterrent di'tsrant, -'ter-;

despot 'despat, -pat; ES-t--pDt

detail

ES

-nit, -/net

deternune di'tymin;
-id

|-ed

-ans |-ency -ansi |-ent -ant

detach

'tsm-;

-'tam-,

-/tym-

despoliation dijSpoli'eXan

de

ES

l-bly -bli

determination

de'plen)

despoil di'spail |-ed -d

l-ly

determinable di'ts'imnab};

determinant di'ts'manant;

despise di'spaiz

-h

deteriorate di'tiriS/ret |-rated -jretid

deterioration di/tiriaVeJan

desperate ^desprit, -pant |-tion jdesps 're/an

despicable

deviate

De

-d

-'tyds;
|-nt

[-s

-ant

-iz

Vere

di'vir;

|-ed -t

ES

Devereux 'dEva/ru,
deviate 'divi/et

-'via(r

-/riu

|-d -id |-tion

/dm'e/an

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) Irate ret lyet jet Isang saeg langrj' 'aeg-gn
baB (10) lah a Ifar far Iwatch watj, wot/ (12) Ijaw dga Igorge gardj Igo go

device

diaper

125

device diVais |-vices -Vaisiz

dey de

devil 'devl |-ed -d |-ing 'devlig, 'dv}io

Dhaulagiri jdaula'giri

devilfish 'devl^fij

dhole dol

deviHsh

|-'s

-iz

dhoti, dhooti 'doti

'devlij", 'devlij"

devil-may-care 'devlmi'ker, -'kaer;

ES

-'k3(r,

devilment 'devlmant
devilry 'dvlri

dhow dau
diabase 'daia^bes

-'kae3(r; ('devil-may-jcare 'wit)

|-sic

diabetes jdaia'bitis,

^daia'besik

-tiz

diabetic ^daia'betik, -'bitik

deviltry 'devltri

|-al -I

devious 'divias, -vjas

diablerie di'ablari {Fr djabla'ri)

devisable diVaizabj

diabolic jdaia'balik; ES+-'bDl-;

devise diVaiz
devisee

-iz |-d -d |-sal -1

|-s

dijvaiz'i,

^devi'zi

|-al -1 |-ally

-li, -ikli

(de^vis'ee

&

de-

diaboHsm dai'aebajlizam
diachronic jdaia'kranik; ES-|--'krDn-

ivis'or)

devisor di'vaiza^, di^vaizbr;

ES

-3(r, -'D3(r

diacid dai'aesid

devitalization dijvaitla'ze/an, jdivait-, -ai'z-

diaconate dai'aekanit, -^net

devitalize diVaitj^aiz

diacritic jdaia'kritik |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikh

Devizes diVaiziz
devoice di'vais

|-s

-iz |-d

-d

diadem 'daia^dem |-demed -jdemd

|-zes' -ziz

diaeresis dai'erasis |-eses -ajsiz

-iz j-d -t

\-s

devoid di'void
devoir

diagnose jdaiag'nos, -'noz

daVwar, 'devwar; ES

(Fr

-wa:(r;

daVwair)
devolve diValv, -VdIv

|-d

Devonport 'dEvanjport, 'devm-,

diagonal dai'seganl

-jport;

ES

-jpoat, E-t--jp33t

Devonshire 'devan^Xir,

-Ja^;

ES

-jj'i3(r, -/3(r

ES

-Vau3(r; |-ed -d

|-ing

|-ally

dialectic jdaia'kktik

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

-ikk

dialectician ^daiakk'tijan

devout di'vaut
Vries da'vris

dialectology jdaialek'taladsi; ES+-'tDldialogist dai'aeladsist

-iz

|-'s

dew dju, dm, du |-ed -d

Dewar 'djua', 'diua^, 'dua^; ES
dewberry 'dju/beri,
dewdrop 'djujdrap,

dialogue, -log 'daiajag, -Jag, -Jog

'diu-, 'du-,

'diu-, 'du-;

Dewitt, De-Witt
dewlap 'djujaep,

-ban
ES+-jdrDp

dialytic jdaia'litik |-ally

|-ally -li, -ikli

diamagnetism ydaia'maegnaytizam

ES

v di'wit |-ed -id

diameter dai'aemata';

diametric jdaia'mEtrik

-'aemata(r

|-al -1 |-ally

-h, -ikli

diamond 'daimand, 'daia- |-ed -id 'daimand

is common from the 16c {often spelt dimond),

'djui, 'diui, 'dui

ES

-ged -d

-li, -ikli

diamagnetic /daiamaeg'netik

'diu-, 'du- |-ped -t

'deksta^;

j-d,

dialysis dai'aelasis |-yses -a^siz

-3(r

'djui, 'diur, 'dui

D-

-1

|-al

-h, -ikh

dialectal jdaia'kktl |-ly -i

|-al -1 |-ally -li

-Vaurio

dexter,

|-ly -i, -'aegnali

diagram 'daia^graem |-(m)ed -d

diagrammatic jdaiagra'maetik

dialect 'daia^kkt

devotion di'vojan

dewy

|-ally

dial 'daial, dail |-ed -d

|-d -id

devotee jdeva'ti

devour di'vaur;

-d

diagnostician ^daiagnas'ti/an; ES-i--nDS-

-d

Dewey

-iz j-d -t,

-h, -ikh

Devon 'devan Devonian daVonian

De

|-s

diagnosis jdaiag'nosis |-noses -'nosiz

diagnostic jdaiag'nastik; ES+-'nDS-;

devolution ^deva'Iu/an, -'liujan, -vl'ju/an

devote diVot

|-nal -nl

'dekstaCr

dexterity dtks'terati

being found in Slmk., Milton, Pope, Cowper,

dexterous 'dekstras, -taras

Keats, Tennyson.

dextral 'dekstral

Dian 'daian |Diana

|-ly -i

D-

dai'aena

dextrin 'dekstrin -trine -trin, -trin

dianthus,

dextrose 'dekstros

diapason jdaia'pezn, -'pesn

dextrous 'dekstras

diaper 'daiapa^;

Ifull

ful |tooth tu0 Ifurther 'fy'Sa^;

ES

'fstJa

dai'aenGas

ES

|-es -iz

'daiapa(r; |-ed -d

[custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau [toy

[using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish di/ [vision 'visan |Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

diffract

126

diaphanous

diction 'dikjan

dictionary 'dikjan^en, as a Briticism+^Ask-

|-al -1

diaphoretic ^daiafa'retik

Janari, -Janri, -Jnan

|-ed -d

^daiafrag'maetik

|-ally

-li,

D-

dictograph,

'dikta^graef ; E+-igraf, -jgrof

dictum 'diktam

-ikh

diarchy ^daiarki;

ES

-a:ki,

did did

E+-a:ki

|-s

-z |-ta -ta

for Jonns see do

diarist ^daiarist

didactic dai'daektik

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

diarrhea, -rrhoea jdaiaVia

diddest 'didist

do

diary 'daiari

diddle 'didl

Diaspora dai'aespsrs

Diderot 'didajto {Fr di'dro)

diastase 'daia^stes

didest 'didist^ee do

diastole dai^aestaji

didn't

diastrophism dai'^strajfizsm

see

|-d

conss.+^AiAn

ard.

ES -'63m-, -'flymES -jGsmi, -fis^mi

Dido, d- 'daido

diathermy 'daia^Oa^mi;
diatom 'daiatam, -jtam; ES+-jtDm

didst didst

diatomaceous jdaiata 'me/as

die 'cube' dai

diatonic jdaia'tanik; ES+-'tDn-;

see

do

Didymus 'didamas

|-al -I |-ally

\pl

|-'s

-iz

dice dais

die Hool' dai \pl dies daiz

die 'expire' dai |died daid

-ikk

ES

diatribe 'daia^traib |-tribed -^traibd

die-hard 'daijhard;

Diaz

dielectric jdaia'kktrik

-iz

|-'s

dibase 'dai^bes

|-sic

dai'besik

dibble 'dibl |-d -d |-ling 'dibbg, 'diblig

dice dais |diced daist

|-'s

-jha:d,

E+-iba:d

|-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

Dieman, van vaen'diman

Dieppe di'ep {Fr djep)

dib dib Idibbed dibd

dieresis dai'erasis |-eses -a^slz

dies 'expires,' 'colors,'

-iz

dichlorid dai'klond, -'klar-; S -'klor-; |-ride

-nd

-raid,

some

before

Tlie pron. ^didant is substand-

diathermic jdaia'eymik;

'dias

'tools'

daiz

dies 'day' 'daiiz

Dies, Martin daiz \-& -iz

dichotomous dai'katamas; ES+-'kDt-; |-my

Diesel 'dizl, 'disl

Dies Irae

-irn

dichromatic jdaikroWaetik |-tism dai'kromajtizam

'daiiz'airi

diet 'daiat |-ed -id |-ary 'daiajtsn

dietetic idaia't8tik |-al -1 |-ally

Dick dik

-li, -ikli

dietician ^daia'tijan |-titian -'ti/an

dickcissel dik^sisl, 'dik^s-

Dickens, d- 'dikinz
dicker 'dika^;

ES

|-'s

differ

-iz |-ian

di'kenzian

'dik3(r; |-ed -d |-ing 'dikar-

10, 'dikrig

'difa^;

ES

-fa(r;

|-ed

-d

|-ing ^drfng,

'difarig

difference

'difrans,

'difa^ns,

-frans, -far-, -fans;

|-s

'difarans;

differentia jdifa'ren/ia |-tiae -Ji^I

dicotyledon jdaikatl'idn, daijkat-; ES+-Dt-;

differential jdifa'ren/al |-ly -i

|-ous -'idnas, -'ednas

dictaphone,

D-

differentiate jdifa'rEn/ijCt j-ated -^etid

^dikta^fon

differentiation jdifajrEnJi'eJan

'diktet

difficile

dictate v 'diktat, dik'tet |-d -id

^AiW^W, formerly

di'fisl

difficult 'difa.kAlt, 'difakalt, -kit

dictation dik'tejan

difficulty 'difa^kAlti, -kalti, -klti

dictator 'diktet*, dik'teta^;

ES

-t3(r;

|-ship

diffidence 'difadans |-dent -dant

diffract di'fraekt |-ed -id |-ction

Key:

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

ES

-iz |-nt -nt

Dickinson, Dicken- Mikinsn

dictate

-ikh

-d |-Hng 'didhg, 'didlig

'didnt,

(jdidn'go)

diastolic jdais^stalik; ES+-'stDl-

-li,

-'tor-;

dictic 'diktik |-al -1 |-aUy -li, -ikli

|-al -1

diaphoresis jdaiafa'risis

diaphragmatic

-'tar-;

l-ly -I

diaphonic jdaia'fanik; ES+-'fDn-;

diaphragm 'daiajfraem

^dikta^tonal,

dictatorial

diaphanous dai'aefanas
diaphone 'daia^fon

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

-k/an

(6) |rate ret |yet Jt jsang saeg langry 'jeg-gri

far [watch watj,

wntj

(12) |jaw d^o [gorge gards |go go

Oionysian

127

diffuse

diluvial di'luvial, -'hu- |-an -an

diffuse, adj di'fjus, -'fius

diffuse V di'fjuz, -'fiuz

|-s

-iz [-d -d |-dly -idli

diffusibility di^fjuza'bibti, -^fiuz-

-bk

diffusible di'fjuzabl, -'fiuz- |-bly

dug dAg,

dimeter 'dimata^;

diffusion di'fjusan, -'fiu- |-sive -siv

dig dig [past 6" pptc

dim dim dimmed dimd

dime daim
dimension da'menjan |-ed -d

or arch, digged

ES

diminish da'mini/

]-al -1 |-ally

-h

'dimata(r

|-es -iz |-ed -t

diminuendo da^minju'Endo

digd

digamma dai'gasma

diminution ^dima'njujan, -'luu-, -'nu-

digest n 'daidjEst

diminutive da'minjativ

digest V da'dsest, dai'dsest |-ed -id

dimissory 'dimajsori, da'misari; EN+-iS3ri

digestibility dajdsesta'bilati, dai-

dimity 'dimati

digestible da'dsestabl, dai- |-bly

Dimmesdale 'dimzdel

-bh

digestion da'dsest/an, dai- |-gestive -^sestiv

digger 'diga^;

Diggory

ES

dimple 'dimpl

'digari

dight dait \past

Dimond 'daimand
dimorphism dai'marfizam; ES -'maaf-

"dig3(r; |digging 'digiQ

& pptc dight dait, or dighted

din

dm

|-d

-d |-ling 'dimphij, -plig

dinned dind

Dinah 'daina

'daitid

dinar di'nar;

Dighton 'daitn
digit 'didsit l-al -I |-ally

dine

-h

dam

ES

-'na:(r

[dined daind

digitalin jdidsa'telin

ding dig [dinged digd

digitalis jdidsa'tehs, -'taelis

dingdong 'dig^dag, -jdng; S+-jdag;

digitate adj 'didsa^tet |-d -id

dinghy, -gey, -gy Miggi

|-ed -d

digitigrade 'didsita^gred |-ism -gred^izam

dingle 'diggl |-d -d [-Hng 'digghg, -glig

dignify 'digna^fai |-fied -^faid

dingo Miggo

dignitary 'digna^ten

dingy 'dinghy' 'diggi

dignity 'dignati

dingy 'dusky' 'dind3i

digraph 'daigraef; E+-graf, -graf

dinkey, -ky 'digki

digress da'gres, dai- |-es -iz |-ed -t

Dinmont, d- Minmant, -mant; ES+-mDnt

digression da'gre/an, dai- |-sive -'gresiv

dinner 'dma^;

dihedral dai'hidral |-dron -dran

dinnerware 'dma^^wEr, -jwaer;

ES

Dijk, van vaen'daik

ES

Mina(r

'dinajWa(r,

-jwaea(r

ES

Dijon 'disan, -3Dn, di'3- {Fr di'30)

dinosaur 'dama^sar;

dike daik

Dinosauria jdama'saria |d-n jdaina'sarian

|-d -t

-jsaa(r

dilantin dai'laentin

dinosaurus jdama'saras

dilapidate da'Iaepajdet |-dated -^detid

dinothere 'daina/Gir;

dilapidation dajaepa'dejan

Dinotherium ^dama'Giriam

dilatation jdila'te/an, jdaila-

dint dint [dinted 'dintid

|-rily

-rah.

dilemma da'kma

Diodes

^dila'taenti

|-ism

-tiiizam

|-tism

|-s

'daia/kliz

-iz

|-'s

-iz

Diocletian jdaia'kUJan

Diodorus jdaia'doras, -'dar-; S -'dor-;

-'taentizam
diligence 'dilad3ans

-jGia(r

diocesan dai'asasn, 'daia^sisn; ES+-^dsdiocese Maia^sis

-nil

dilettante

|-rai -rai

Dinwiddle din'widi, 'dinwidi

dilate dai'let, di- |-d -id |-Iation -Uejan

dilatory 'dilajfori, -jtari; S -jtori;

ES

[-s

-iz j-gent

-d5ant

Diogenes dai'ad3ajniz; ES+-'Dd3-;

dill dil

Diomed

Dillon Milan
dillydally 'dih^daeli [-ied -d

Diomedes jdaia'midiz
Dion 'daian

diluent 'diljuant

Dionysia jdaia'tujia, -sia

dilute di'lut, -'hut |-d -id |-tion -J*an

Dionysian jdaia'nijan, -'nisian

[full ful

[tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fatJa

|-'s

|-'s

-iz

-iz

'daiajinEd |-mede -^mid

|-des' -diz

|-iac -'nisijaek

jcustom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

Dionysius

disclaim

128

Dionysius jdaia'nijias, -'nisias

Dionysus ^daia'naisas

Dis dis

-iz

|-'s

Dionyza ^daia'naiza

ES

diopter dai'apta';

[-'s

-IZ

disability jdisa'bilati

-sas

|-sus'

disable dis'ebl, diz- [-d -d

disabuse jdisa'bjuz, -'biuz

-'apt3(r, -^op-

dioptric dai'aptrik; ES+-'Dp-;

ES

disaccord ^disa'kard;

-s

|-s

diorama jdaia'rfemd, -'rama

disaccustom ;disa'kAstam

diorite 'daid^rait

disadvantage

Dioscuri jdais'skjurai, -'skiu- |-rian -nan

dioxide dai'aksaid, -id; ES+-'Dks-;

-'van-;

|-id -id

[-s

(-s

-iz [-d -d

-'kaad; [-ed -id

[-ed -d

jdisad'vaentids;

E-f-'van-,

-iz [-d -d

disadvantageous dis^aedvan'tedsas,

jdisaed-

van-

dip dip [dipped dipt

-k/an

diphase 'dai,fez [-phasic dai'fezik

disafifect jdisa'fekt |-ed -id [-ction

diphosgene dai'fasdsin; ES+-'fDS-

disagree jdisa'gri [-d -d [-able -abl [-bly -bli

disallow jdisa'lau [-ed -d [-ance -ans

diphtheria dif'Giria, dip-; S+-'eEr-;

|-1

diphtheretic jdifGa'retik, ^dip- |-ally

-ji, -ikli

diphthong 'difOag,
diphthongal

'dip-,

-'63gl,

-'eog-

jdifGDga'zeJan,

jdip-,

|-s

'dif63gjaiz,

-iz |-d

diplococcus

-Oag^gaiz,

'dip-,

idipb'kakas;

ES-^-'kok-;

|-ci

disapprobation jdisaepra 'be/an, dis,aepra-

di'plomatist

|-ed

disarrange jdisa'rends

[-$

-iz |-d -d

dipolar dai'pola^;

ES

dipper 'dipa-;

ES

ES

diz'aesta^;

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

-'pol3(r; [-pole 'dai^pol

disavow jdisa'vau

[-ed

disband dis'baend

[-ed -id

disbar dis'bor;

disbeheve jdisba'liv

disburden

dai3(r

[-al -j [-ally -li

director da'rekta^,

ES

dai-;

-t3(r;

|-ate

-it

-'tar-;

any

that

-trices jdairck'traisiz

ES

[-s

dirigible 'diradsabj, Brit

D- dyk; ES dsk,

discharge

disciple,

-iz [-d -d

dirigibihty jdiradsa'bilati

-'bss,

-'bys;

|-s

-iz

ES -ka:d,
ES -'ka:d,

E-h-kaid
E-i--'ka:d; |-ed

ES

-sn, -yn; |-ed -d

dis't/ardj;

D-

[-S

ES

-'tjaids,

E-i-

-iz [-d -d

di'saipl [-d -d [-ship -^Jip

disciplinable 'disajplinabl

disciplinarian jdisaplin'erian, -'er-

di'ridgabl

ds^k; |-ed

disciplinar}^ 'disaplinjEri

discipline

-t

dst, dyt; [-ed -id |-y -i [-ied -id

n 'disaplin

discipline v 'disa^plin [-d -d

disclaim dis'klem j-ed -d

-ih

Key: See in full 3-47. bee

-'bydn;

-abl [-bly -bli

-'tjaids;

'daiafal; [-ly -i

dydj; ES dsdj, dyds;

[bath baeO;

discard v dis'kard;

|-ible

directrix da'rektriks, dai- [-es -iz \for

l-ily -li,

ES

discern di'zyn, -'s3^n;

directress da'rektris, dai- |-es -iz

ES

-'bsdn,

-id

-'tor-; [-ly -i

directory da'rektari, -'rektri

dirt dyt;

|-lief -'lif

disc disk

discard n 'diskard;

da^rEk'torial, jdairek-,

direful 'dairfal;

-d

ES

J-d-t

Jip

it

|-d

dis'bydn;

disburse dis'bs's;

direction da'rek/an, dai-

directorial

|-al -al

l-ed-d

direct da'rekt, dai- [-ed -id [-ive -iv

-d |-edly -idle

ES -'ba:(r, E-f--'ba:(r; [-red -d

ES -'ba:k, E-i--'ba:k; [-ed -t

dipterous 'diptaras

ES

E-h-'as-,

disbark dis'bark;

'dip3(r

dipsomania jdipss'menid [-maniac -'menijaek

dire dair;

-'aesta(r,

-'as-; j-trous -tras

dipody 'dipadi

dirk,

-d [-val -vl

[-d

ES -'a:m, E+-'a:m;

disarm dis 'arm, diz-;

disaster

-z |-ed -d |-cy -si

|-ist

diplomatic jdipb'maetik

dirge

S-i--'pEa(r,

disarray ^disa're |-ed -d

diploma di'ploma |-s

diplomat 'dipbjmaet

desire

-'pia(r,

-'pia(r; [-ed -d |-ance -ans [-ances -ansiz

-d [-ament -amant

-d

-ksai

[-ship

ES

disapprove ;disa'pruv

-ODgga-, -Gng-, -ai'z-

-Gog-

-d

[-led

^disa'pir;

disappoint jdisa'paint [-ed -id [-ment -mant

J-ly-i
diphthongization
diphthongize

disannul jdisa'nAl
disappear

-Gng |-ed -d
dip-,

dif'flaggl,

-1

baG (10) |ah a

bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angn,' 'seg-gri
[far

far [watch watj",

wot/

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

disharmonious

129

disclose
disclose dis'kloz

|-s

-iz |-d

-d |-sure -53^;

ES

discretionary di'skre/anjEri

discriminate adj di'skrimanit

-33(r

ES

discolor dis'kAla^;

discriminate v di'skrimajnet

-'kAl3(r; |-ed -d

|-d -id [-tive -iv

discoloration jdiskAlaVeJan, diSjkAla-

discrimination di/skrima'ne/an

discombobulate jdiskam'babjiet; ES+-'bDb-;

discriminatory

di'skrimanajtori,

-^tan;

discomfit dis^kAmfit |-ed -id |-ure

-fitja';

ES

discrown dis'kraun |-ed -d

discursive

-fit/a(r

discomfort dis'kAmfa't;

ES

discommode jdisks'mod

-'kAmfat; |-ed -id

|-s

-iz

-d |-dly

|-d

ES -'po33(r
^diskan'ss^t; ES -'sat,

-'syt; |-ed

disconnection, -nexion jdiska'nekXan

disdainful dis'denfai, diz|-s

|-ly -i

-iz [-d -d |-dly -idli

ES

-'ba:k, E+-'ba:k;

l-ed -t

disembarkation

ES+-'kDn-

jdiskansa'le/an,

dis^kansa-;

ES+ -on-

ES

-ba:-,

-is [-es -iz ]-ed -t

disembody jdisim'badi; ES+-'bDdi; [-ied -d

disembowel ^disim'baual, -'baul |-ed -d

-iz

|-s

diSjem-;

jdisembar'ke/an,

E+ -bar-

disembarrass jdisim'baeras,

discontent jdiskan'tent |-ed -id

discontinuance jdiskan'tmjuans

-'skAjan

|-es -iz |-ed -t |-ion

disembark idisim'bark;

disconnect jdiska'nekt |-ed -id

disconsolation

-'skys-;

-'skss-,

|-es -iz |disci 'disai

discuss di'skAS

disease di'ziz

-id

disconsolate dis'kanslit;

ES

di'skysiv;

-san

disdain dis'den, diz- |-ed -d

-idli |-sure -'posa^;

disconcert

|-sory

discus 'diskas

|-d -id

discompose jdiskam'poz

disenchant jdisin'tjaent; E+-'t/ant, -'tjant;

discontinuation jdiskaiijtinj u 'e/an

discontinue jdiskan'tinju |-d -d |-uous -juas

discontinuity jdiskanta'nudti, -'luu-, -'nju-;

ES+-kDn-

l-ed -id

|-ed -d |-ing

ES -kaad
ES -'kaad; |-ed -id
dis'kordns; ES -'kaad-;

ES

disencumber ^disin'kAmba^;

-'kAmba(r;

-'kAmbarig, -'kAmbrig

discord n 'diskard;

disenfranchise jdism'fraentXaiz

discord v dis'kard;

disenfranchisement jdisin'traentjizmant

discordance

j-s

-iz

|-dant -dnt

discountenance dis'kauntsnsns

n
E+-33S;

discourse

discourse

ES

dis'ks'ids;

|-s

\-s

-'kAr-,

-'ksr-,

|-s

ES

-oas,

-d |-dness

|-s

disesteem jdisa'stim |-ed -d

ES

-'feva(r; |-ed -d ]-ing

-'fevarig, -'fevrig

disfiguration ^disfigja're/an, diSjfigja-

-IZ

di'skors,

-'skars;

ES

-'skoas,

ES

ES

-'kyt-;

-'kst-,

-'skAvariij,

ES

-'skAV3(r;

-'skAvrig

|-ed

-d

-'skAvri,

|-y

-van

-d

-'figja(r; |-d
|-s

-iz |-d

-d

disfranchisement dis'lraent/izmant
disgorge dis'gards;

di'skAva^;

disgrace dis'gres

|-s

ES

-'gaads;

|-s

-iz |-d -d

-iz |-d -t

disgraceful dis'gresfal

|-ly -i

disgruntle dis'grAntl |-d -d

disguise dis'gaiz

discredit dis'kredit |-ed -id

discreditable dis'ktEditabl |-bly

-bh

|-s

-iz |-d -d [-dly

-idh

disgust dis'gAst, diz- |-ed -id

dish dij [dishes 'di/iz dished di/t

discreet di'skrit

discrepance di'skrepans |-cy

-i |-ant

-ant

dishabille ^disa'bil, cf deshabille

disharmonious jdis-har'monias;

discrete di'skrit

discretion di'skre/an

|-al -1 |-ally -ji

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fytja^;

[using 'juzig [fuse

disfigure dis'figja^;

disfranchise dis'fraentjaiz

-IZ |-d -t

|-esy -3SI

|full

|-d

disestablish jdisa'stasbbj |-es -iz |-ed -t

disfavor dis'feva^;

'diskors, di'skors, -3rs;

discourteous dis'kytias;

|-ing

-iz

-'taegglig

-ix |-d -t

-IZ |-d -d

E+-'sk33s;

discover

|-s

-d

disentangle ^disin'taeggl |-d -d [-ling -'taegglig,

discount v 'diskaunt, dis'kaunt |-ed -id

discourage

disengage ^disin'geds

-iz |-d

|-s

-idnis, -dnis

discount n 'diskaunt

-'ky-;

-jtori

l-d -id

f juz,

ES

ES

-ha-,

-ha'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


disharmony

disquietude

130

E+

disharmony dis'liarmsni; ES -'ha:m-,

-'harm-

ES

disorganize disWgajnaiz;

-'aaga-;

-iz

|-s

l-d-d

dishcloth 'diJjkbO, -jkloG |-ths

dishearten dis'hartn;

ES

-tJz,

disown dis'on, diz-

-Gs

-'ha:tn, E+-'ha:tn;

|-ed -d

disparage di'spaends

-d

|-es -iz |-d

disparate 'disparit [disparity dis'paerati

|-ed -d |-ing -tiug, -tnig

ES

disherison dis'herazn |-ed -d

dispart dis'part;

dishevel di'/evl |-ed -d |-ing -'/evlig, -vlig

dispassion dis'paejan |-ed -d |-ate

dishful 'di/jful

dispatch di'spaetj

|-s

-z

dishonest dis'anist, diz-; ES+-'Dn-;

ES

dishonor dis'ana^, diz-;

E+-'pa:t; led -id

-'pa:t,

-it

|-es -iz |-ed -t

dispel di'spel |-led -d

|-y -i

-'anad, -'on-;

dispensable di'spensabl

dispensary di'spensari

|-able -abl |-bly -bli

dispensation jdispan'sej"an, -pen-

disillusion jdisi'lu53n, -'Iiu- |-ed -d

disinclination jdisinkla'neXan, dis^inkla-

dispensatory di'spensa^tori, -itan; S -^ton

disincHne jdisin'klain |-cHned -'klaind

dispense di'spens

disinfect jdisin'fekt, jdisn- |-ed -id |-ant -ant

disperse di'spys;

|-ction

-kjan

-iz |-d -t

]-s

ES

-'spas, -'spa^s;

disingenuous jdisin'djenjuas, jdisn-

dispersion

disintegrable dis'intagrabl

dispirit di'spirit |-ed -id

disintegrate dis'inta^gret |-grated -^gretid

displace dis'ples

disintegration jdisinta'gre/an, diSjinta-

display di'sple |-ed -d

disinter ^disin'ty;

ES

-'t3(r, -ks^; |-red

^restid^ee interesting
|-ed -d

|-s

-iz |-d -d

di'sport,

ES

disposable di'spozabi

disk disk |-ed

dispose di'spoz

-t

|-s

disposition ^dispa'zijan

dislocate 'dislojket, dis'loket |-d -id

dispossess ^dispa'zes

dislocation jdislo'ke/an

disposure di'sposa^;
-iz |-d -d

disloyal dis'bial, -'bjal |-ly -i |-ty -ti

|-d

-d [ling -tlig, -tlig

dismast dis'maest; E+-'mast, -'mast; |-ed -id

dismay dis'me, diz-

dispraise dis'prez

|-s

-iz

disprize dis'praiz

|-s

-iz

|-ed -d |-edness

-dms,

disproportion
-'poa-,

-d

|-es -iz |-ed -t

ES

disproof dis'pruf ('proof

|-]y -i

dismantle dis'maentl

-'spo3a(r
]|-

d -d
d -d

and

'dis^proof)

jdispra'por/an,

E+-'paa-;

dismember dis'memba^; ES -'msmbaCr;

-d |-ing -'membrig, -'mEmbarig
dismount dis'maunt

j-ed

disprove dis'pruv |-proved -'pruvd |-val

|-bly

-bh

The accentuation of dis'putable

like dis'pute

has inevitably won

its

disputant 'dispjutant, di'spjutnt, -'spiut-

|-ed -id

disputation jdispju'tejan |-tious -Jas

disobey jdisa'be |-ed -d

disputative di'spjutativ, -'spiut-

|-s

|-ing

-iz |-d

ES

-pagana-, -aag-,

ES

-ai'z-

jdiskwalafa'ke/an, diSjkw-,

disqualify dis'kwalajfai, -'kwol- ]-fied -jfaid

-aa'gaen-

ES

disquiet dis'kwaiat |-ed -id

disquietude dis'kwaiajtjud, -^tnid, -^tud

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret |yet jet [sang saeg |angr>' 'aeg-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far [watch wat/, wot/ (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

disqualification

-wdI-

disorganization disprgana'zeXan, jdisar-;

Key:

dispute di'spjut, -'spiut ]-d -id

-d

-bada(r; |-ed -d

-dang, -drig

disorganic ^disar'gaemk;

icay into

good use.

|-al -1

disorder disbrda^, diz-;

-1

'dispjutabl

disobedience jdisa'bidians |-ent -ant

disoblige jdisa'blaid^

ES

-'par-;

|-al -1 |-ally -li |-ate -it

disputable di'spjutabi, -'spiut-,

-idnis

dismiss dis'mis |-ed -d

E+

-'spoat,

[-sal -zl

-iz |-d

dislike dis'Iaik |-liked -'laikt

dismal 'dizml

ES

-'spaat; |-ed -id

|-ted -tid

|-s

-'pl5a(r; |-d -d

-'spart;

disjunct dis'dsAgkt |-ction -k/an |-ive -iv

dislodge dis'lads; ES+-'lDd5;

-'spa-,

-iz j-d -t

displeasure dis'plE33';
disport

|-t -t

|-s

displease dis'pliz

-d

disinterested dis'intarastid, -'intristid, -'inta-

dis'dsam

ES

-%p3"3-;

di'spsj'an,

-'spy-; |-sive -siv

disinherit jdisin'herit, jdisi^- |-ed -id

disjoin

-iz

|-s

|-d -t |-sal -1

disulphide

131

disquisition
disquisition jdiskwa'zijan

dissolute 'disajlut, -\mt, 'disljut

Disraeli diz'reli

dissolution jdisa'lujan, -'liu-, -sj'jujan

dissolve di'zalv, -'zolv |-d -d |-nt -ant

disrate dis'ret -rated -'retid

|

ES

disregard ^disri'gard;

-'ga:d, E+-'ga:d;

disrelish

disVehJ

disrepair

dissonance 'disanans
dissuade di'swed

l-ed -id

dissuasion di'swesan |-sive -'swesiv

]-es -iz |-ed -t

^disri'psrj

-'paer;

-iz |-cy -i |-ant -ant

|-s

|-d -id

-'pe3(r,

ES

dissyllabic jdissi'laebik, jdisidissyllable di'silabl, 'disjsilabi

-'paeaCr

E+ 'distaf,

disreputability dis^repjata'bibti, ^disrep-

distaff 'distaef ;

disreputable dis'repjatabl |-bly -bh

distain di'sten |-ed -d

'distaf

disrepute jdisri'pjut, -'piut

distal 'distl |-ly -i

disrespect jdisri'spkt |-ed -id

distance 'distans

disrespectful jdisri'spektfal

distaste dis'test |-tasted -'testid

|-ly -i

-iz [-d -t |-tant -tant

|-s

disrobe dis'rob |-robed -'robd

distasteful dis'testfal |-ly -i

disrupt dis'rApt |-ed -id |-ption -pjan |-ive -iv

distemper

dissatisfaction jdissfetis'faekjan, jdisaet- |-tory

ES

dis'tsmpa^;

-d

distend di'stend |-ed -id

-tan
dissatisfy dis'saetis^fai, di'saet- |-fied -jfaid

distensible di'stnsabl

dissect di'sekt |-ed -id |-ction -kjan

distention, -sion di'stenjan

disseize dis'siz

|-ed

-pa(r;

i-parig, -prig

|-s

-iz |-d

distich 'distik

-d

dissemblance di'ssmblans
dissemble di'sembl

-d

distill, -til di'stil |-(l)ed

-d |-ling -blio,

|-d

-bliij

distillate 'distlit, -^et

disseminate di's8m3jnet |-nated -^netid

distillation jdistl'e/an, -stil-

dissemination dijsema'nefan

distiller di'stila-;

dissention di'senjan

distinct di'stigkt |-ction -k/an j-ctive -ktiv

dissent di'sent |-ed -id

|-er -9-;

dissentience di'senjans |-cy

dissert di'syt;

ES

ES

-i |-ent

disservice dis'ss'vis;

ES

ES

distinguish di'stiggwij

-ant

distort dis'tart;

-Wv-;

|-s

-iz

ES

-'taat; |-ed -id

distortion dis 'tar/an;

ES

-'taa/an

distract di'straekt |-ed -id

l-d-t
dissever di^eva^;

j-es -iz j-ed -t

distinguishable di'stiggvvijabi |-bly -bh

^disa-

-'s3v-,

-'stila(r; \-y -i

distingue jdistaeg'ge, di'staegge {Fr distie'ge)

-3(r

-'sat, -'syt; |-ed -id

dissertation jdisa^'te/an;

ES

ES

-'sev3(r; |-ed -d |-ing

dissidence 'disadans |-dent -dant

dissimilar di'simala^, dis's-;

distraction di'straekjan |-tive -tiv

distrain di'stren |-ed -d

-'sevarig, -'sevrig

ES

|-t -t

distrait di'stre |-e -t {Fr dis'tr(t))

-'simabCr

distraught di'strat

dissimilarity dijSima'laerati, dis^s-, jdissim-

distress di'stres |-es -iz |-ed -t [-edly -idli

dissimilate di'sima^let, dis's- |-d -id

distressful di'stre sfal |-ly -i

dissimilation di^sima'lejan, dis^s-, jdissim-

distributable di'stribjatabl

dissimilitude jdissi'mibjtjud, -ytiud, -^tud

distribute di'stribjut |-d -bjatid |-tive -bjativ

dissimulate di'simjajlet |-lated -^letid

distribution jdistra'bjujan, -'biujan

dissimulation di^simja'le/an

distributor di'stribjata^;

dissipate 'disa^pet |-d -id |-tion jdisa'pejan

district 'distrikt |-ed -id

dissociate di'so/ijet |-ated -^etid

distrust dis'trAst |-ed -id

dissociation dijsosi'ejan, -jso/i-

distrustful dis'trAstfal |-ly -i

dissociative di'soJi,etiv

disturb di'styb;

dissolubility dijsaljs'bilati; ES+-jSd1-

dissoluble di'saljabl; ES+-'sd1-;

The accen-

tuation dis'soluble has displaced 'dissoluble

by analogy of 'soluble and dis'solve.

[full

ful Itooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa';

ES

ES

ES

-ta(r

-'stsb, -'styb;

l-ed -d

|-ance -ans |-ances -ansiz

disulphate, -fate dai'sAlfet

disulphide, -fide dai'sAlfaid, -fid |-phid, -fid
-fid

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

o are often pronounced with d in

division da'visan

disunion dis'junjan

ES

dis'jus

|-s

-iz

divisor da'vaiza^;

disuse V dis'juz

j-s

-iz |-d -d

divorce da 'vers, -'vars;

disuse

disyllable di'sibbl [disyllabic jdisi'ltebik

|-s

ES

'ditfa^;

-3(r;

[-ed

-d |-ing -^arig.

dithyrambic jdiGa'raembik

ES

-'voas, E-t--'vaas;

ES

da^vor'se, -jvar-;

-/voa-.

|-cee -'si {Fr divar'se)

Dixon 'diksn
dizen 'dizn, 'daizn [-ed -d [ing

diuretic jdaiju'retik

Dnepropetrovsk ^dnjepropje'trafsk
Dnieper 'nip*; ES 'nipa(r

-'snj, -'ynl; [-ly -i

diva 'diva
divagate 'daiva^get

jdaiva'ge/an

|-d -id |-tion

Dniester

divaricate da'vaerajket, dai- |-d -id

dost

divarication dajvaera'kejan, dai-

\3

dive daiv \past dove dov or dived daivd \pptc

dived daivd

ES -Vsds, -Vyds;

-d [-nee -ans j-ncy -ansi [-nt -ant

'swimmers,'

Maiva^z;

'various'

ES

Maivaz
diverse

jdA0 or doeth 'duiG, ^duiG \past 2 sg arch.

jdidst

'didst,

or

'did, jdid \pptc

forms
(iSo

'ai);

didest

1-3 pi did

sg,

done 'dAn, jdAn; unstressed

{auxiliaries):

du

diddest,

[do

conss.

bef.

vowels

bcf.

da

(^so

ES

dai-;

-Vss,

-Vys;

[doth dae (daG 'sk a 'drirjk di'vain) [does

daz (jhau daz

('di^ verse 'forces)

dajvysafa'kejan,

dai-;

ES

-jV3S-, -(Vys-

ES

-'v3s-, -'vys-;

it

'kAm?), dad

(ihaudit 'go?

dz (^haudzit 'sim?),

'luk?),

[did did

ts (jhwattsit 'maeta^?)
it

diversify da'vysa^fai, dai-;

(jhau

>aud

dad

(jhwn did

'hi

iHo?),

da'yysan, dai-, -/an;

ES

-'v3-,

-'vs"-

diversity da'vysati, dai-;

divert da'vs^t, dai-;

ES

ES

-'vss-, -'vys-

-'vst, -'vyt; |-ed -id

divertisement da'vytizmant;

ES

-'v3t-, -'v^t-

dob dab, dob [bed -d

Dobbin, d- 'dabin
Dobell do'bel

Dobruja, -dja 'dobrudsa

Dobson, d- 'dabsn

divertissement Fr divertis'ma

docent 'dosnt {Gcr dozent do'tsent)

Dives 'daiviz

docibility jdasa'bilati

[-ves' -viz

divest da'vsst, dai- |-ed -id

docile 'dasj, 'dasil [-ly

divide da'vaid |-vided -'vaidid

docility do'silati, da'sil-

dividend 'diva^dend

dock dak [docked dakt

divination jdiva'ne/an

docket 'dakit

divine da 'vain [-vineness -'vainnis

dockyard 'dakjard; ES -Jard, E-i--ja:d

divinity da'vinati

doctor 'dakta^;

divisibihty da,viza'bilati
divisible da'vizabi |-bly -bli

See in full 3^7.

[bath baeG;

tSe 'laik it?)

doable 'duabl

|-fied -jfaid

Key:

du

da 'Se)

[dost dast ('hwai dast '3au ypain witJ'in?)

da'vys,

diversification

diversion

^duist

sg does 'dAz, jdAz or arch, doth 'dAG,

'didist, jdidist \past 1 b^

'daiv3(r

sg arch.

\2

doest 'duist,

jdAst or

'dAst,

didst

diverge da'yyds, dai-;

-iz |-d

'nista(r

divan 'daivaen, di'vaen

ES

ES

'nista^;

do music, Jap geography do

do V stressed forms: [do 'du, jdu

divalent daiVebnt, 'divalant

diver 'daiva^;

-zniij, -znirj

dizzy 'dizi [dizzied 'dizid

-h, -ikli

|-al -1 [-ally

ES

diurnal dai'ynl;

-ans

-iz [-d -d |-nce

|-s

Dixie 'diksi

-ikh

-d

'diti [-led

divers

-cee

E+-jvaa-;

divulge da'vAlds

[-ally -li,

ditto 'dito |-ed -d

|-s

-'vaiza(r; |-ry -i

divot 'divat

-Srig

dithyramb 'diOajraem, -jraemb

ditty

and S

-IZ |-d -t

divorce,

ditch dit/ [ditches 'dit/iz [ditched ditjt

dither

[-al -1 [-ally -li

divisive da'vaisiv

disunite jdisju'nait |-nited -'naitid

doctoral

132

disunion

-i

j-age -ids

|-ed -id

ES

-ta(r;

j-ed -d |-ing

'dak-

tarig, 'daktrig

doctoral 'daktaral [ly

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet

ba6 (10) jah a [far far [watch watj, y/ntS (12)

-i [-rate -tarit, -trit

jet jsang saeg jangn,^ 'aeg-gri

jjavv

dsa [gorge gards

jgo

go

doctrinaire
Those words below in which the a sound
doctrinaire ^daktri'ner, -'naer;

ES

is spelt

ES

-'ne3(r,

o are often pronounced with

|-ing

Dodecanese

Dolabella jdala'bela

ES

-fa:-

{It 'dolt/e,far'njente)
|-s

dole dol Idoled dold

-z

|-ful -fal |-fully -fali

dolerite 'dala^rait

'dadarig, 'dadrig

Dolgelly dal'geeli, -'geh {Welsh dol'ge4i)

dodecagon do'dekajgan, -gan

dodecahedron jdodEka'hidran

|-s

-z |-dra -dra

do^dek-

jdodeka'nis,

|-nesus

Dolgeville 'daldsvil

dolichocephalic 'dalijkosa'faehk
doll dal, dol, dal |-ed -d

-'nisas

D- dads [-s
Dodgson 'dadgsan

dodge,

-iz |-d -d|-r -a^;

dodo 'dodo
Dodona do 'dona
doe, D- do
does dAz -for forms
'dAznt,

(jdAzn'ker)

ES

-a(r

dollar 'dala^;

ES

Dollard 'dala^d;
dolly,

D-

dolman 'dolman
dolmen 'dalmEn
some

before

'dAzant

con^^.+'dAzn

ES

Dolores da 'Ions,

doeth ^AaiOfor forms

dolphin 'dalfin

do

dogcart 'dag^kart, 'dog-;

ES

ES

dog-ear 'dag^ir 'dng-;

-^laCr,

'dola(r; [-ous 'dalaras, 'dol-iz, -'lar-;

-'lor-; |-'s -iz

S+-jEa(r;

Dombey 'dambi
dome dom [domed domd

in

|domal 'doml

domesday, D- 'dumzjde = doomsday

domestic da'mestik |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikh

|ed-d

dogged adj 'dagid, 'dog-

ES

domesticate da'mEsta^ket |-cated -^ketid

-a(r

domestication daymesta'ke/an

doggerel 'dagaral, 'dog-, 'dag-, -gral

domesticity jdomes'tisati, da,ms'tisati

dogie 'dogi

dogma 'dagma,

'dog-,

'dag-

|-tism -^tizam

domicile 'damasl,

-sil |-d

dogmatic dag'maetik, dog-, dag-

|-al -I |-ally

-li, -ikli

dogmatize 'dagma jtaiz, 'dog-, 'dag-

|-s

-iz

dominance 'damanans |-cy -i |-nant -nant

dominate 'dama^net |-d -id |-tion jdama'ne/an

domineer ^dama'nir;

l-d-d
dog-tired 'dag'taird, 'dog-;

ES

dogtooth

|-teeth

'dagjtuG,

'dog-

-^tie

|-ed

-'nia(r,

S+-'n8a(r,

Domingo da'miggo
Dominic 'damanik
Dominica da'minika, jdama'nika [n -n

dogtrot 'dagjtrat, 'dog'dagjwatj,

ES

-'njea(r; |-ed -d

-'taiad

-M
'dog-,

-iwotj,

-jwat/

dominical da'minikl

dominie 'damani, pastor' +^dom3ni

|-es -IZ

dogwood 'dagjwud,
dogy 'dogi

-d

domiciliary jdama'silijEri

|-tist -tist

dogwatch

-z

E+-jka:t

-jka:t,

-iz

'daga', 'dnga^;

J-s

'dah

NEngd+^6\i (46)
-dom unstressed ending -dam Many words
-dom are omitted from the vocab.
domain do 'men |-ial -lal

dog dag, dog, 7nuch less freq. dag |-ged -d

Dogberry, d- 'dag^beri, 'dog-, -ban
)-'s

-z

dolt dolt;

doff daf, dof, daf |-ed -t

doge dod3

|-s

Dolomites 'dalajmaits
dolor 'dola^;

is substa7idard

see

'dalad

dolomite 'dala^mait

do

see

'dala(r

ES

'dali, 'doll,

doest ^Auistfor forms see do

|full

E and S

dolce far niente 'doltXijfor'm'enti;

doldrum 'daldram

documentation jdakjamen'tejan
dodder 'dada^; ES 'dad3(r; |-ed -d

-et,

in

doit dait

|-al -1 |-ally -li

document n 'dakjamant |-al jdakja'mEntI

document v 'dakjajmEnt |-ed -id
documentary jdakja'mEntari, -tri |-rily -rail

dogger

doily 'daili

doings 'duigz, humorous 'duinz

-'naE3(r

doctrine 'daktrin

doesn't

domino

133

'

dominion da'minjan

'dog-

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fytSa^;

domino 'dama^no

ES

'facJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'visan

tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Oomitian

dose

134

Those words below in which the a sound

Domitian da'mifan, -Jian

is spelt

-/as, -Jias

|-tius

don,

D- dan donned dand

doomsday, D- 'dumz^de
Doon(e) dun

Don

Adriano de Armado ^dan-adri'anojdear-

door,

'mado; ES -a:'mado

Donalbain 'danljben

Donald 'danld

^danldsan

|-son 'danjsn,

donate 'donet |-nated -netid

Donatello idana'telo

do'ne/an

|-tion

(// jdona'ttUo)

D- dor, dar; ES doa(r, E+daa(r; j-ed -d

doorjamb 'dor^dsaem, 'dar-; ES 'doa-.
E+'daadoorman 'dor^maen, -man |-men -^msn, -man
doornail
E-i-

'dor^nel,

Donatus do'netas

|-'s

'dorjard,

ES

dor, -rr dar;

-kiestaCr

daa(r

Dorcas 'darkas; ES 'daakas;

-jfaaCr

Dorchester

Donegal 'dani^gal, jdani'gal

Donelson 'danjsn

Dordrecht 'dardrskt, -drext

Dordogne dar'danja {Fr

{It

dormitory 'darma^tori,

Donnybrook 'dani,bruk
Donohue 'dana^hju, -jhiu,

ES

donor 'dona^;

Donora do'nora,

'dona(r; (do'ni an do'nar)

Dorothy

-'nara; S -'nora

Dorrit

'daama^tori.

dan'kwiksat {Sp

-ki'xote)

some

conss. often

often don,

often

don (don'tek

do (don'no, do'no),

domp

(domppri'tsnd

^tu.

domp'maind it), hef. k, g

dogk (dog'kaer, dogk'kaer.
dogk'go); \NEngd+^6nt {46)

dompba'liv

it,

dog,

See in full 3-47.

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

-iz |-mice

'daraOi, 'dar-, 'dnr-

Dorset

hef.

|-'s

'darit, 'dar-, 'dnr-

dorsal 'darsl;

|bath baeG;

|-ed -d

ES

dormy, -mie 'darmi; ES 'daami

Dorothea ^dara'Oia, ^dar-, jdor-

-^hu, 'dAn-

Don Pedro dan'pidro

Don Quixote jdanki'hoti,

Key:

]-mant

-jmais l-mice's -^maisiz

-^Oaan

do-nothing 'du^nAGig

dog 'go,

-jtari;

dormouse 'dar^maus; ES 'daa-;

ES

Donnithorne 'danajOarn;

ofteji

'daam-;

E+-jtari

Donnelly 'danli, 'danli

bef.

-iz

dormer 'darma^; ES 'daama(r;

'danna)

Donne dAn

bef. p, b,

|-'s

Dorking 'darkig; ES 'daakig

dormancy 'darmansi; ES
-mant

'dagki, 'dAgki

-iz

|-'s

'dar-, 'dnr-

Doris 'dans, 'dar-, 'dor-

{Sp dan-

-'dgiuan

'xwan)

it),

'daa-.

do're, da-; S do 're; {Fr da're)

Dorian 'dorian, 'dar-; S 'dorian
Doric 'dank, 'dar-, 'dor-

Dorigen 'daragin, -gan,

donjon 'dAndsan, 'dan-

(//

ES

dbr'db'ji)

Doricles 'dara^kliz, 'dar-, 'dor-

Donizetti jdana'zeti, {It jdoni'dzetti)

dan'dsuan,

-iz

Dore
-djo-

jdondsoVanni)
Dongola 'daggala

don't dont,

]-'s

'dar^tjesta', 'dartjista^;

-ta(r

jdan-dsiaVani,

donkey 'dagki, 'dooki,

Donley 'danli

'doajard.

'dora, 'dara; S 'dora

done up 'dAnUp
done with 'dAn^witJ, -^wiB
donee do'ni

donna, D- 'dana

ES

'dar-;

ES

Dora

Don Giovanni

'doa-,

dope dop doped dopt

-iz

done dAn

ES

ES

-'nel;

E+'daa-, -ja:d

Doncaster 'daokaesta^, 'dan-;

for 'dAn^far;

'dar-,

'daa-

dooryard

Donati do'nati
donative 'danativ, 'don-

Don Juan

and S

doom dum doomed dumd

|-tius's -3SIZ

Domremy-la-Pucelle Fr doramilapy'sEl

done

o are often pronounced with n in

doodlebug 'dudljbAg

'piti

ES 'daasl; |-ly -i
ES 'daasit; |-shire

'darsit;

ES -;Xia(r, -/aCr
Dortmund 'dartmand;

ES

-Jir,

'daat-;

-Ja^;

{Ger

'dartmunt)
dory-

D- 'don, 'dan; S

'dori

dos-a-dos Fr doza'do

dosage 'dosids

|-s

-iz

dose dos |doses 'dosiz [dosed dost; \NEngd-ir

das {46)
(6) |rate ret |yet jet [sang saeg |angn,- 'aeg-gri

far |\vatch wat/,

wotj

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards jgo go

drab

135

Dos Passes
Dos Passos dasVaesos; ES+dos-;
dossier 'dasijC, 'dasia^;

ES

|-sos*

-sos

'dasijC, 'dasi'3(r,

see

dovecot 'dAVjkat; ES+-ikDt;^

dovecote 'dAV/kot

see cot

see cot, cote

Dovedale 'dAv^del
Dover 'dova'; ES 'dova(r

'dos-; {Fr do'sje)

dost dAst

do

Dostoevski ^dasta'jefski, jdos-

dovetail 'dAv^tel [-tailed -jteld

dot 'dowry dat; ES+dot; {Fr dbt)

Dow dau

dot 'point' dot; ES+dot; |-ted -id

dowager 'dauadsa^; ES 'dauadsaCr

Dowagiac da'wad3aek
Dowden 'daudn

ES

dotard 'dotard;

'dotad

dote dot [doted 'dotid |dotage 'dotids

doth dA6

see

dowdy

do

Dothan 'doGan,
Dotheboys Hall

'dutJajbaiz'hal

-d

j-ed

|-ing

'dauarig, 'daurig

ES+'dot-

dotterel 'dataral;

'daudi

dowel 'daual |-ed -d

dower 'daua^; ES 'dau'a(r;

'doOaen

Douai, -ay du'e ('DoUjai 'Bible)

down daun [downed daund

double 'dAbI

down-and-out 'daunan'aut, 'daunand'aut

-d |-ling 'dAblio, 'dAblig

|-d

double-barreled 'dAbl'baerald

downcast 'daun^kaest; E+-jkast, -^kast

double-breasted 'dAbl'brestid

downfall 'daun^fal |-en -an,

double-cross 'dAbl'kras, -'kros

|-es -iz |-ed -t

double-edged 'dAbl'edsd, -'d3id

-jfoln

downgrade adj, adv 'daun'gred, cf upgrade

downhearted 'daun'hartid ES -'ha:t-, E+
;

double-entendre 'dublan'tandra {Fr dubla-

-'hart-

downhill n 'daun^hil, daun'hil

'ta:dr)

double-faced 'dAbl'fest |-facedly -'fesidli

double-leaded 'dAbl'ledid
double-lived 'dAbl'laivd ('double- jlived 'bards)

'dAbl'kwik

double-quick

('double-^quick

Downing 'daunig
downpour 'daun^por,

downright adj 'daun^rait

doublet 'dAblit |-ed -id

downside 'daun'said, 'daun^said

doubletree 'dAbl^tri,

downstage

letter

-tri

'dAb-lju, 'dAblju, 'dAbju

adj, adv, v 'daun'steds

downstairs n daun'sterz,

doubloon dA'blun

ES

doubly 'dAbli

'down'stairs

doubt daut

|-ed -id |-ful -fal |-fully -fall

Douce daus, dus

douceur du'sy;

|-'s

ES

-'staeaz;

downstream

acc^

adj,

[-s

-'staerz;

-'s3(r, -'sy;

{Fr du'soe:r)

dough do |doughed dod |-y -i |-boy -jbai

Dougherty 'doa'ti, 'daa'ti, 'daha^ti; ES 'doa-,
'daa-, 'daha-

+ 'down ^stairs,

downtrodden 'daun'tradn; ES+-'trDdri

downward 'daunwa^d; ES 'daunwad [-s
dowry 'daun
doxology daks'aladsi; ES+doks'nldoyen 'daian {Fr dwa'jte)
Doyle dail
Doylestown 'dailzjtaun
doze doz [dozes 'doziz [dozed dozd

|-'s

ES

-iz

dua(r, dua(r, daua(r

Dousabel 'dusa^bel
douse daus |douses 'dausiz |doused daust
dove 'pigeon' dAv
dove 'dived' dov

Dove Eng name

[full

dAv, Ger name 'dova

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

ES

&

'down^town)

dowsabel 'dausajbl

'dAglas

adv

downtown n daun'taun, 'daun^taun

downtown adj, adv 'daun'taun ('up^town

doughnut 'donat, -^nAt

doughty 'dauti
-ss

-'stsaz,
adj,

adv 'daun'strim; v daun-

doughfaced 'deafest

dour dur, dur, daur;

-iz |-d -d

'strim [-ed -d

-iz

douche duj" jdouches 'du/iz [douched dujt

Dougal, -II 'dugl

Douglas,

-jpoa(r,

downright adv 'daun^rait, daun'rait

'time)

double-U

ES

-jpar, -ipur;

-jpua(r, E+-jpaa(r

dozen

'stun'

dozen

'twelve'

-z

'dozn [-ed -d

'dAzn [-ed -d

dozy 'dozi
drab draeb [drabbed draebd

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

drabble

136

drabble 'draebl

|-d

drachm draem
drachma 'draekma

drawee dra'I
drawer 'one who draws' 'draa^; ES 'dr3-a(r
drawer of a dresser drar; ES draa(r; |-s -z
drawing-room 'dra-ig^rum, -^rum

-d |-ling 'draeblig, -blio

|-s

-z |-mae -mi

Draco 'dreko \gen Draconis dre'konis

Draconian dre'konian
Dracula 'draekjula
Dracut 'drekat

drawknife 'dra^naif |-knives -^naivz

drawl dral drawled drald

|

drawn dran

draff draef

E+ draft,

draft draef t;

draftsman

draft; [ed -id

E+ 'draft-.

'draef tsman;

'draft-;

-man

|-men

drizzle

drawshave 'drajjev
dray dre |-ed -d |-age -ids l-man, -men -man
Drayton 'dretn
dread dred

|-ed -id |-ful -fal |-fully -fall

drag draeg dragged draegd

dreadnought, -naught, D- 'dred^nat

draggle 'draegj |-d -d |-ling 'draeghg. -glio

dream drim
dr2mpt

draggly 'draegli

dragnet 'draeg^net

dragoman 'draegaman |-mans -manz |-men

-man
dragon 'draegan |-et -it |-fly
dragonnade jdraega'ned

dragoon dra'gun -ed -d

dragrope 'draeg^rop

'driri, 'driri;
|-s

drench drentj"

S+'dreri

-iz |-d

dress dres

ES

-za^;

'drama.

'drasma,

'draisa(r, -za(r

|-es -iz |-ed -t

rarely

'drema

drest 'drest

|-es -iz |-ed or

dressmaker 'drss^meka^;

ES

-jmeka(r

dress suit 'dres'sut, -'siut, -'sjut ('dress- 'suit

iCase, 'dress-jsuit jcase)

dramatic dra'maetik

[-al -1 |-ally -|i,

personae

drew, D- dru, driu

ikh

'draematispa^'soni;

ES

Dreyfus 'drefas,

'drai-

|-'s

-iz

(Fr dre'fys)

dribble 'dribi |-d -d |-Ung 'driblig, -bliQ

-pa-

ES

dramatization jdraemata'zejan, -ai'z-

dribbler 'dribla-;

dramatize 'draemajtaiz

driblet, dribb- 'driblit

dramaturgic

|-s

-iz |-d

jdraema'tydsik;

-d

ES

-^tsds-.

-'tyds-

drape drep

|-d -t [-r

-^;

ES

-a(r; |-ry

-an,

-ri

drat draet [dratted 'draetid

draughtsman

'drai'a(r

drift drift [drifted 'driftid

[-wood -^wud

drill dril [drilled drild

drily 'draili

drinkable 'drigkabl [-bty -bli

E+draft, draft;

'draef tsman;

ES

dries draiz

drink drigk [drank draeijk [drunk dr.vgk

drastic 'draestik |-ally -h, -ikli

draeft;

'dribla(r

dried draid
drier 'draia-;

dramaturgy 'draema^t^dsi; ES -jtsdsi, -itydsi

dramshop 'draem^/ap; ES+-jXdp
drank draeijk

draught

-d

Dresden 'drezdan

dramatis

dreary

Dreiser 'draisa',

[-age -ids

D- drek

dram draem
drama 'drama,

dreamt

dregs dregz

drain dren drained drend |-age -ids

drake,

or

dreamland 'drimjaend, -land

drear drir; ES dria(r, S+dr8a(r
dredge dreds

-jflai

drimd

[dreamed

[-ed

E+ 'draft-.

id

'draft-;

|-men -man
Drava 'drava

Drinkwater 'drigk^wata',

-jwata^, -^wnta^;

drip drip [dripped dript

drippings 'dripigz

Dravida 'dravida [-vidian dra'vidian

draw dra [drew dru, driu |drawn dran
drawbar 'drawbar; ES -jba:(r, E+-;ba :(r
drawboard 'dra^bord, -^bard; ES -jboad,
E+-;baad

drivel 'drivl

drawbridge 'drajbridj

drizzle 'drizl [-d -d [-ling 'dnzho, -zlig

Key: See

|-s

-iz

drivable, driveable 'draivabl

drive draiv [drove drov [driven 'drivan

[ed -d [ing 'drivhg,

-vlig

driveling adj 'drivlirj

drivewa}^ 'draivjwe

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [}'et jet [sang saeg |angr>' 'aeg-gri
baO (10) [ah a [far far [watch watj, wntf (12) [jaw dga [gorge gards jgo go

in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

ES

-ta(r


dud

137

drizzly

drupaceous dru'pejas, driudrupe drup, driup |-let -lit

drizzly 'drizh

Drogheda 'draada,

'dra-ida

ES

drogher, droger 'droga^;

-an

droll drol |-ed -d |ery

Drury Lane

'drog3(r

|-3^

dromedary 'dramajderi, 'drAm-; ES+-'drDmDromio 'dromjo, 'dromijO

drone dron droned drond |-age -ids
Drood drud
|

|-s

-iz |-d -d

droplet 'draplit;

ES

-'foads,

see forge

ES

ES+ 'drop-

|-ied

dualistic
|-lae

American
drove drov [droved drovd
drover 'drova';

ES

is

normal

not

an

historical

ES -^saltaCr;
ES -'/od

|-y -i

jdjual'istik,

jdiu-,

^du-

[-ally

Du Bartas djubar'tas, diu-, du-; ES -ba:'tas;

{Fr dybar'tais)

|-'s

-iz

dubitable 'djubitabl, 'dm-, 'du- |-bly -bli

dubitate 'djuba^tet, 'dm-, 'du- j-d -id

-iz |-d -d

dubitation ^djuba'te/an, ^diu- jdu-

drugget 'drAgit

ducal 'djuki, 'diu-, 'du-

Dubhn 'dAblm
Dubois,

ES

-^star;

-jStoa(r,

E+-jStaa(r

D-

Du

Dubuque

druid,

Du

Bois da'bais, du-, 'dubais

-iz

|-ly -i

Cange dju'kaends, dm-, du-

|-'s

-iz

{Fr

ducat 'dAkat

'druid, 'driuid

duce

|-al -1

drum drAm |drummed drAmd

|-mer

-a^;

ES

It 'du:t/e

Duchesne in Utah du'Jen, diu-; Fr name

dy'/e-.n

-a(r

drumfire 'drAm^fair;

ES

duchess

-jfaia(r

drumhead 'drAm^hed

'd At/is ]-'s -iz

drumlin 'drAmlin

duchy 'dAtJi
duck dAk ducked dAkt

Drummond 'drAmand

duct dAkt

drumstick 'diAm^stik
|-en

-an |-ard

ES

-ad

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fy'Sa';

|-Hng 'dAkhg

|-ed -id

ductile 'dAktl,
-a^d;

-til |-ly -i

ductiUty dAk'tilati

dud dAd

drunkenness 'drAijkannis
|full

|-'s

da'bjuk, du-, -'biuk

dy'kars)

druidic dru'idik, driu-

drunk drAgk

1-tive

-IV

'drAg^stor,

-li,

-ikli

drowsy 'drauzi |-sily 'drauzli, -zili

drub drAb drubbed drAbd |-bing -ig
drudge drAdg |-s -iz |-d -d |-ry -an, -ri
drug drAg drugged drAgd |-gist -ist
drugstore

-iz

dubious 'djubias, 'dm-, 'du-

'drova(r

|-s

|-s

dubiety dju'baiati, diu-, du-

use.

drown draun drowned draund

drowse drauz

-^nss, -^nys;

Drouth

variant in wide

ES

duahty dju'aelati, diu-, dudub dAb dubbed dAbd

Du Barry dju'bteri, diu- du- {Fr dyba'rl)

drought draut
-6s

'drai-aCr

dual 'djual, 'diual, 'dual |-ism -^izam

|-es -iz |-ed -t

|-ths

ES

'dst 'woiildst' dst

-d

Drosophila, d- dro'safab; ES+-'sDf-;

error for drought, hut a

'draili

dry-shod 'drai'/ad;

|-ly -i

droshky 'drajki; ES+'drnf-

drouth draue

dryly

drysalter 'draijsalta';

'drap3(r, 'drnp-

dropsy 'drapsi; ES+'drnp-;

dropt drapt; ES + dropt

'draia^;

l-d-t

dropsical 'drapsikl; ES+'drop-;

dross dras, dros

-jbsr-, -^bAr-,

'draidn

dryer

dry-nurse 'drai^nys;

ES+'drop-

droplight 'drap^lait;

dropper 'drapa^;

Dryden

|-ped, -t -t

drop-forge 'drap'fards, -'fords;

-'faads;

dry-clean 'drai'klin, -jklin [ed -d

droop drup drooped drupt

ES + drop;

dry drai dried draid

dryad 'draiad, -aed
Dryasdust 'draiaz^dAst
Dryburgh 'drai^byo, -a; ES
-jbar-; Brit 'draibara

drool drul drooled druld

drop drap;

'druri'len, 'driuri-

Drusilla dru'sila, driu-

'droUi, -oli

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAStam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'vigan jEden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Duddon
Duddon 'dAdn

dunderpate 'dAnda^pet; ES 'dAndaDundreary, d- dAn'driri

dune djun, diun, dun

dude djud, diud, dud

dudgeon 'dAdsan
Dudley 'dAdli
due dju, diu, du

Dun

duel 'djual, 'diu-, 'du- |-ed -d

duenna dju'ena,

|-ist -ist

-'fym-;

diu-, du-

duet dju'8t, diu-, du- |-ted -id

duff dAf duffed dAft
1

|-el -1 |-er -a^;

ES

-3(r

dug dAg
Dugdale 'dAgdel
dugong 'dugarj, -goij, -gag

-an

dulia dju'Iaia,

dm-, du-

dull dAl Idulled dAld |-ard -a^d;

ES

'dAh

dju'ma, dm-, du-, acc/+ 'Dumas {Fr

dm-,

dju'marije,

du-

{Fr

ES

-kyk,

-kak.

Dun 'kirk

dAn'mor,

E+-'maa(r
Dunmow 'dAnmo
dunnage 'dAuids |-s

ES

-'mar;

'moa(r.

-iz |-d -d
-iz

Maus-

earlier

-IZ

Dunstan 'dAnstan

duo

'dAiista(r

It 'du:o

duo- 'djuo, 'drao, 'duo, -a

dyma'rje)

duodecimal jdjua'desaml, ^diua-, jdua -1-ly-i

|-ed -d |-bell -^bsl

Dumbarton

ES
-/a-; ES

dAin'bartn;

-'ba:tn; |-sliire -Jir,

-'ba:tn,

E+

-iJiaCr, -/aCr

dumdum 'dAmdAm
ES

duologue 'djua,lag, 'diua-, 'dua-, -Jag;. -iiog

dupe djup, diup, dup [d -t [-ry -an, - n
duple 'djupl, 'diupl, 'dupl

-Xia(r, -/a(r

duplex 'djupkks, 'dm-, 'du-

'dAini |-ied -d

dump dAmp [dumped dAmpt

dun dAu [dunned dAnd
Dunbar US 'dAubar; ES

|-ling -lig

-ba:(r,

E+-ba:(r;

Dun 'bar

ed

dupUcate

l-d

[-tor -a^;

Dupont

'road)

dunderhead 'dAnda^jhed; ES 'dAudaSee in full 3-47.

[-

'djupbiket,

ES

'dm-, 'du-

-t

-iket

-id

-a(r

duplicity dju'pbsati,

dunce dAns [dunces 'dAnsiz

Dunciad 'dAnsijjed

Dundas dAn'da^s |-'s -iz

Dundee dAu'di ('Dun,dee

j-es -iz

duplicate, n, adj 'djuplakit, 'dm-, 'du-

duplication jdjupla'kejan, jdm-, ^du-

Duncan 'dAgkan
Duncannon dAn'kaenan

|-mo -jmo

duodenal jdjua'dini, jdiua-, ^dua- |-num -nam

|-na -na

dumfound, dumbf- dAm'faund |-ed -id

Dumfries dAm'fris |-shire -/ir, -JV;

[bath baeG;

-jfaak

'dAukyk;

Dunster 'dAusta^; ES

dumb dAm

Key:

US

France 'Dunkirk,

I-'S

dy'ma)

Scotl

ES

Dunsinane 'dAnsa^nen, ^dAusa'nen

'djuli, 'diuli, 'dull

dummy

|-ed -d

Dunsmuir 'dAuzmjur, -miur

Duns Scotus 'dAuz'skotas,

Dumain dju'men, dm-, du-

Maurier

-'fsm-.

jdAgga'ri

dungeon 'dAudsan

Duns dAnz, dAns |-'s

Dunsany dAn'sem

-ad

Duluth da'lue, du-, -'buO

Dulwich 'dAhds, -itj |-'s -iz

Du

-ri

Dunmore
'dAlsama(r

Dulcinea dAl'sinia, jdAlsa'nia {Sp jdulGi'nea)

Dumas

[-ed -d

dungaree,

Dunkirk
|-ry

dulcet 'dAlsit

duly

dung dAo

ES

-'farm-

Dunkard 'dAgka^d; ES 'dAgkad

Dunker 'dAgka^; ES 'dAgka(r

dugvvay 'dAg^we

ES

-dm

dunghill 'dAg^hil

duke djuk, diuk, duk |-dom -dam

dulcimer 'dAlsama^;

+ -'ferm-,

/oc.

dung-fork 'dAg^fark;

dugout 'dAg^aut

'dAlll,

Edin, Dunedin dAu'idn,

Dunellen dAu'ebn
Dunfermline dAn'fs^mbn, dAm-;

duello dju'elo, diu-, du- {It du'ello)

dully

durable

138

'djupant,

dm-, du-

'dm-,

'du-;

ES+-pDnt;

acc/+Du'pont ('Du/pont 'product)

Duquesne dju'ken, dm-, duDu Quoin dju'kain, dm-, dudurability ,djura'bilati, jdiur-, /dur-

durable 'djurabl, 'diur-, 'dur- [bly -bb

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret jyet jet [sang saeg [angrj' 'aeg-gn
baO (10) |ak a [far far [watch wot/, wot/ (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards (go go


duralumin
D-

duralumin,

dysprosium

139

Dvina dvi'na
Dvorak 'dvarsak, da'varsak,

djuVaeljajinin, diu-, du-

durance 'djurans,

'diur-, 'dur-

Durand dju'raend, diu-, duDurango dju'raerjgo, diu-, du-

/aek;

ES

'varsaek, 'var-

-aa-

duration djuVeJan, diu-, du-

dwarf dwarf; ES dwaaf |-ed -t |-ish -ij

dwarvish 'dwarvij; ES 'dwaavi/
dwell dwel [dwelt dwlt, arch, dwelled dweld

durative 'djurativ, 'diur-, 'dur-

dwelling 'dwEbg

Durant

dju'raent, diu-,

du-

dwindle 'dwindl

Durazzo du'ratso

Durban 'dyban,

da^'baen;

ES

'dab-, 'dyb-,

Dyak

da-

durbar

'dybar;

ES

'dabarCr,

'dyba:(r,

ES 'dsba-, 'dybaES 'dsbi-, 'dybiES -3(r; |-d -d

-d

|-ling

'dwmdlig, -dhg

'daiaek

dyarchy 'daiarki; ES

Dyce

E+-ba:(r

|-d

Dwight dwait

dais

|-'s

-a:ki,

E+-a:ki

-iz

Durbeyfield 'dybi^fild;

Dyck, van vaen'daik

dye dai |dyed daid |-ing

dure djur, diur, dur;

dyed-in-the-wool 'daidntSa'wul, 'daidmtJa-

D'Urberville 'dyba^^vil;

duress 'djuris, 'diur-, 'dur-, acci+du'ress

D'Urfey, Durfey 'dyfi;

Durham 'dyam; ES

ES

Duroc 'djurak,

'dsram, 'dAr-, 'dy-

ES

durst dyst;

|-edest -dist

ES+-ok

'diur-, 'dur-;

dast, da'st |-stn't -snt

before

some conss. +-sn (jdysn'go)

durum 'djuram, 'diur-,

Duse 'duzi (It 'du:ze)

'dur-

dusk dAsk dusked dAskt

I

Diisseldorf 'disljdarf, 'dAsl-;

ES

|-r -a^;

ES

-a(r

dyeing from dye 'daiig

dyestuff 'dai^stAf

'dsfi, 'dyfi

during 'dung, 'diurig, 'djurig

durn dyn; ES dan, dyn; |-ed -d

-ig

-jdaaf; {Ger

dying /rom die 'dang

Dyke, van vaen'daik

dyke daik dyked daikt
Dykema 'daikama
Dykstra 'daikstra
Dymond 'daimand
dynameter dai'naemata^; ES -'naemataCr
dynamic dai'naemik |-al -1 j-ally -li, -ikli
dynamism 'dainajmizam |-mist -mist
dynamite 'daina^mait |-mited -^maitid
|

dynamo 'daina^mo

'dysaljdarf)

dustman 'dAstman |-men -man

dynamometer ^daina'mamata'; ES -'mamata(r, -'mnm-

dustpan 'dAst^paen, 'dASjpaen

dynast 'dainaest, 'dainast

dust dAst dusted 'dAstid

I

dustproof 'dAst'pruf ('dust-proof 'bearings)

dynastic dai'naestik

Dutch dAt/ dutches 'dAtJiz |dutched

Dutchman 'd At/man |-men -man

dynasty

dAtft

mainly

dyne dam
Dysart 'daiza^t,

dutiable 'djutiabl, 'diu-, 'du-

dysentery 'disn^teri

dutiful 'djutifal, 'diu-, 'du- |-ly

duty

d3^sgenic

-i

Dyson

'djuti, 'diu-, 'du-

duumvir dju'Amva^, dm-, du-; ES -'Amva(r;

'dinasti

is

-zart;

ES

'daizat, -za:t

dis'dsemk

'daisn

dyspeptic di'speptik

|-al -1 |-ally -Ii, -ikli

dysphasia dis'fega, -31a

|-ate -it

Duxbury 'dAks,bri, -ban

Duyckinck 'daikigk
ful [tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

dyspepsia di'sprp/a, -/la

duty-free 'djuti'fri, 'dm-, 'du-

|full

'dainaesti

Brit.

duteous 'djutias, 'diu-, 'du-

Dutchman's-breeches 'dAtJmanz'britJiz

[-al -1 j-ally -Ii, -ikli

'dainasti,

dyspnea, -noea disp'nia

dysprosium dis'prosiam, -'pro/iam

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden

'idri

hau

[cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


eccentric

140

E
E, e
e-

letter i \pl E's,

word
i-, I-,

fore

unstressed, this varies as

-, or 3- according to style of speech or

commonness of

the word,

a- is esp. freq. be-

(elect I'kkt, a'lekt).

When

only one

or two prons. are given in the vocab.,

he understood that one or

many

are used by

each

more of

it is to

the others

Eads

idz |Eads's 'idziz

'iga^;

eagle

'igl

eagre

'iga^, 'ega^;

Eakins 'ekinz

'izli, 'izili

'izli

Eastcheap
Easter

'ig3(r, 'egaCr

'emziz, ^imziz

'ist^tjip, 'isjtjip

ES 'ista(r
ES 'istali
Usta^n; ES 'istan;

|-most -jHiost, -mast

ES

|-er -a^;

-a(r;

sometimes

'istana^ is

heard by r-dissimilation {121).

ES

i3(r,

S+3(r;

Eastertide

'inlig

East

|-ed -d

earache 'ir^ek; S + 'er^ek

'ir^drap;

'ista^^taid;

ES

'la^drap,

^la^drnp.

Eastham

Mass

'istam.

Ham

East

ES si, yl; |-dom -dam

's^li; ES 'sli, 'yli

Easton

early

eastward 'istwa^d;

'la^matk,

-jma:k;

'i3jraa:k, '23-

ES

easy
eat

sn, yn; |-ed -d

'izi

Eaton

'sGan-

ES -jwaea(r
earthling 's^Oliij ES 'sGlig, 'yGlig
earthly 'yOli; ES '3OI1, 'yBli
earthquake 'yGjkwek; ES bG-, 'yQearthshine 'yGjain; ES 'sG-, 'yGearthward 'yOwa^d; ES 'sGwad, 'yGwad
earthwork VGjwyk; ES 'sG^wak, 'yG^wyk
earthworm 'yG^wym; ES 'sG^wsm, 'yG^wyin
;

See in full 3-47.

|bath bae6;

'istwad

|ate et |eaten 'itn |eat dial, past t, it

it

eatable 'itabl

-jwaer;

ES

8t is occas. in cultivated S, see ate.

ES 'sn-, 'ynES 'anigz, 's^nearphone 'ir^fon; ES 'i3jfon, S + 'esearring 'ir^rig; ES 'i3jrio, S + 'eaiOO
Earsdon 'irzd3n; ES 'i3z-; /oc. + 'jazn
earshot \rjat; ES 'i3iJ"at, 'i3j/Dt, S + 'esearth yO; ES 3O, yO; |-th's -Os
earthborn 'yOjbarn; ES '30,b33n, 'yO^baan
earthbound 'yG,baund; ES 'sG-, 'yOearthen 'yGan; ES 'sGan, 'yGan
's^Gan^wer,

+ 'istsm

-going -'goig ('easy, going 'man)

earnest 'ynist, -ast;

jWa(r, 'yG-,

Zoc.

'istan

earnings 'yniQz;

earthenware

loc.+

'ist'haem

earl yl;

'ista^taid
'ist 'grin witj*,

Eastman 'istman

eardrum 'ir,drAm; ES 'i3jdrAm, S + 'ea-

earmark 'ir,mark;

ES

RI

Greenwich

-'grimds, -itX

S + 'ea-

Key:

'ist-

'ista^;

eastern

-'lira

earn yn;

ES

E+-ibaan

easterly 'ista^b;

-iz

de Valera 'laman dsvaUera, -Uera,

eardrop

easily

ES

|-'s

-fully -fall

easement 'izmant

'iglit

can in |eaned Ind |eanling

ear ir;

-iz |-d -d j-ful -fal

'izl

jboan, -ban,

Eames emz, imz |Eames's

Eamon

easel

'iz^del

|-s

E- ist
Eastbourne 'ist^bom, -jbam, -ba^n;

'ig3(r

eaglet

Easdale
ease iz

east,

eager

S + 'ea-; ]-wigged

'lajWig,

-/wigd

Easley

speakers.

itj |each's 'itjiz

ES

ES

earwig 'ir^wig;

Es, poss E's iz

When

initial.

Eau

'itn

jEatonton 'itntan |-town 'itn^taun

Claire jo'kkr, jo'klaer;

jo'kla(r,

ES

,o'klaea(r

Eau de Cologne

jodaka'lon

eaves ivz

eavesdrop 'ivz^drap;

ES + -jdrDp;

|-ped -t

ebb zh lebbed ebd |ebb-tide 'eb'taid, -;taid

Ebenezer jeba'ttiza", ES ,ba'mza(r
Ebensburg 'ebanz^byg; ES -ibsg, -jbyg

ebon

'fiban

ebony 'ebani

ebriate adj 'ibriit |ebriated 'ibn^etid

ebriety i'braiati

Ebro

'ibro, 'ebro

ebulhence I'bAljans, I'bAhans |-cy

-i |-nt

-nt

ebullition ^eba'li/an

ecarte ,ekar'te;

ecce

homo

ES

,eka:'te; (Fr ekar'te)

'eksi'homo, 'tkE-

eccentric ik'sentnk, sk-

|-al -I j-ally

-h, -ikli

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg langr>' 'aeg-gri
baG (10) |ah a [far far |watch watj", wot/ (12) |jaw d^o [gorge gards |go go

eccentricity

-ediy

141

With

two-legg-ed 'tu'kg-id, -ad).

eccentricity ^eksan'trisati, jEksen-

-ad,

Ecclefechan jEkl'fEkan, -'fexan

different speakers the unstressed vowel of -ed

Eccles 'eklz

{when sounded

-iz

[-'s

Ecclesiastes ijklizi^^stiz

ecclesiastic ijklizi'sestik |-al -1 j-ally -li, -ikli

ecclesiasticism

in method 'meOad.

made with

jklizi 'aests jSizam

Ecclesiasticus ijklizi^aestikas

echinoderm e'kainajda^m, 'ekina-;

ES

-^dsm,

-jdym

often

i).

many

echinus s'kainas |echini s^kainai

pronounce -id, or {fewer in

echo 'eko echoed 'ekod 1-ing 'ekawig

as in

eclair

e'kler,

method 'mEGad.

e'klaer,

i-;

ES

-'kkaCr,

phonemic

used

to

sometimes

is

distinguish words other-

quoted

eclectic ikUektik, k- j-ticism -jSizam

Louise's lu'iziz, aitd often in

'sizaz,

i^klipsiz |-d -t

jeclipses

Edam

eclogue 'ekbg, -lag, -log

Edda

ES + -'kDl-

ecology i'kabdsi;

'kwotid,

seizes

matted

ecliptic I'kliptik, i-

economic jika^namik, jk-; ES+-'nmn-;

\-s

-s

economist I'kansnust,

ES+-'kDni-; ES + -'kDn-;

'idam, 'idaem

{Du e'dam)

eddy, E- 'Edi eddied

|

'fidid

light 'sdistan.

Pa

hor. 'EdijSton

|-es -iz

ecru 'ekru, 'ekru, e'kru {Fr e'kry)

ecstasy 'ekstasi

edge Eds ledges 'sdsiz [edged sdsd

j-s -iz

-my -mi

ES

-jdam, -^dym

ectoplasm 'ektajplaszam

Ecuador 'ekwajdor; ES 'ekwajdaaCr

Ecuadorian jEkwa'dorian, -'dor-; S -'dorian
ecumenic jEkju'menik j-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli
eczema 'eksama, 'egzama, -ima, igVima
-ed, -d ending of the past and pptc, and of certain adjectives. Pronounced -t after voiceless
consonant sounds except

(walk-ed wak-t,

price-d prais-t, reach-ed ritj-t)

pronounced

-d after vowel and voiced conso7iants sounds

d (paw-ed pa-d, free-d fri-d, dragg-ed

draeg-d, prized praiz-d, horn-ed harn-d,
except

edible 'Edabl [edibility jsda'bilati

edict 'idikt
edification ^Edafa'ke/an
edifice 'Edafis [edifices 'Edafisiz |-d -t

edify 'Eda^fai [edified 'sda^faid

edile 'idail

Edinburg

US

'sdn^byg, 'Edm-;

Edinburgh

Scotl

'Edn^bs^o,

edit 'Edit [edited 'Editid

tives

pronounced

consonants than

-id,

t 6"

-ad also after other

d (age-d 'edj-id, -ad,

crabb-ed 'kraeb-id, -ad, bless-ed 'bles-id.

[full

ful [tooth tue [further 'fytJa^;

ES

'fstJa

'Edm-, -a;

ES

'Edn-, -bara, -^bAra)

d (state-d 'stet-id, -ad, fatt-ed 'faet-id,

wood-ed 'wud-id, -ad, raid-ed 'red-id,
-ad, padd-ed 'paed-id, -ad) in a few adjecb-

-ibsg,

-jbsr-, -jbAr-, -;by-; {Brit. pro7i. 'Edinbra,

Edison 'sdasn

-ad,

ES

-ibyg

age-d eds-d); pronounced -id or -ad after

t

|-tous -tas

Edgerton 'Edsa'tan; ES 'edsatan

edgeways 'Eds^wez |edgewise 'Edg^waiz
Edgeworth 'Edswa^O; ES 'fidswaQ

ecstatic ik'staetik, k- |-ally -h, -ikli

ectoderm 'ektajds'm;

'maetad,

'sda

edema i'dima |-mata -mata

Eden 'idn |-ton 'idntan
Edgar 'edga^; ES 'Edga(r

economize I'kanajinaiz,

lu'izaz,

ES: Caesars

or mattered

'siziz

edelweiss 'edl^vais

I-;

Louisa's

or

'maetid.

Eddystone

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

|-d -d

dr S) -ad

difference be-

wise alike, as quotaed {Jefferson) 'kwotad,

-'klae3(r

i^klips

the

The

eclat I'kla, e'kia {Fr e'kla)

eclipse

is given, it

speakers instead

tween -ad &= -id or -az & -iz

echoic 'ko-ik

a sound

and back of that for i

In the vocabulary, as a

nde, only the pronunciation -id

being understood that

last vowel

is

it

the tongue higher than the central

{phonetic symbol

echelon 'ejajlan, -}mi {Fr e/'Io)

from a sound

one like the

Very

position {that for a),

-iz

|-'s

at all) varies

like that in bit bit to

|-tes' -tiz

Edith

'idie

edition I'di/an, i'dijan

editor 'sdita';

ES

'Edita(r; [-ship -j/ip

editorial jEda'torial, -'tar-; S -'tor-; |-ly -i

-edly ending of advs formed on -ed words, as

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm


Edmondson

eider

142

Advs in -edly are

designedly di^zainidli

effete e'fit, i-

only given in the vocabulary when the pron.

efficacious ^efa'kejas

cannot be inferred from the form in -ed, as

efficacy 'efakasi

disguisedly

but

dis'gaizd

disguised

But disgustedly

'gaizidli.

dis'gAstidli is

not entered, since the pron. can be

adding -h directly

dis'gAstid.

to

dis-

found by
For the

vowels in -edly see -ed b' -ly in the vocab.

The pron. of -edness as -idnis or -dnis

before

i-j

effigy 'efadsi

Effingham

US

'efig^haem;

effloresce jEflo'res, -fb-;

Engd -igam
-flo-; |-s -iz \-d -t

1-cence -ns |-cency -nsi

effluvium E'fluviam,

'efUks

efflux

some

|-ent -ant

Effie 'efi

effluence 'sfluans, 'efliuans

usually follows that of -edly.

Edmondson, -nson 'edmansn

Edmonton 'edmantan

Edmund 'edmand,

efficiency a'fajansi,

conss.

+ '8dm3n

('edmand'smiO, 'dm3n'smi9)

effort 'efa^t;

-iz

|-s

-'fhu- |-via -via

i-,

[effluxes 'efLvksiz

ES

'efat

effrontery a'frAntan, i-

Edmundston 'edmanstan
Edna 'edna

effulge E'fAlds, i-

-edness ending, see -edly

effuse adj E^fjus, i-, -'fius |-sive -iv

Edom ^dam

|Edomite

|-s

-iz I-d

-d j-nce -ans

|-ncy -ansi [-nt -ant

effuse V e'fjuz, i-, -'fmz

|-s

educability jgdsaka^bilati, jcdsu-

effusion a'fjusan,

-'fiusan

educable 'edsakabl, 'edsu-

eft eft [eftsoon eft'sun |-soons -'sunz

'idanijait

educate 'edsajket, 'ed3u-

ES

-iz |-d

egad

-jketa(r

education jedja'kejan, ^edsu-

I'gaed, i'gaed

egalitarian iigaela'terian,

educational jEdsa'keJanl, itdsu-, -Jnal

j-ist

Egbert

ES

'ggba-t;

Egerton 'edsa^tan;

-1st |-ly -I

-d

farig'zaempl

e.g. 'i'dsi, ig'zemplai'grej'ia,

|-d -id

educator 'edsa^keta^, 'edsu-;

i-, -,

i-,

-'ter-

'egbat

ES

'edsatan

educative 'edsajketiv, ^ed^v-

egest i'djEst |-ed -id

educe I'djus, I'dms, I'dus,

i- ]-s -iz |-d -t

Egeus myth. Hdsjus, -dsus, Shak.

eductive i^Aktiv,

-kjan

Edward

'gdwa'd;

|-tion

i-

ES

'edwad;

Edwardian, -dean edVordian;

|-s

l-'s

-z |-s's -ziz

ES ed'waadian

egg 8g legged Egd

Eggleston 'eglz-tan, ^Egl-stan

Edwin 'gdwin jEdwina ed'wina, -Vina

eggnog 'Eg'nag,

eel

eggplant 'Egjplaent; E+-jplant, -^plant

il

'fig/nag, -'nog, -,nDg

eelgrass 'iljgraes; E-h-^gras, -jgras

eggshell 'g;/El

eelpout 'iljpaut

egis 4d3is |egises 'idsisiz

e'en in

Eglamore

e'er ga^;

ES

ES -jmoa(r.
ES -jmua(r

-^mar;

'Egbjinor,

E-i--jm3a(r; |-mour -jinor;

ea(r

i'dsias

-IZ

eerie, -ry 'in, 'iri

eglantine 'Eglan^tain, -jtin

ef ef

ego

efface I'fes, e- |-faces -'fesiz [-faced -'fast

egocentric jigo'sEntrik, jEgo-

effect a'fekt, I'fekt, ~ |-fected -'fektid

egotism

effective a'fektiv, i-

egotistic jiga'tistik, jEg- |-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikh

effector a'fekta^, i-;

ES

'igo,

'Ego |-ism -jizam

'iga^tizain, 'Eg- [-tist -tist

egregious I'gridsas, I'gridsias

-'fektaCr

effectual a^fekt/ual, -t/ul, i- |-ly -i

egress

effectuality ajfektju'selati, i-

egress v I'grES,

effectuate a'fekt/ujet,

egret

i-

effeminacy a'femanasi,

|-ated -^etid
i-

|-nate -nit

efferent 'efarant

effervesce ^efa^Ves;

ES

jEfaVes;

|-cence -ns |-cent -nt

Key:

|-s

-iz |-d -t

'igiES [egresses 'igrEsiz

i- [-es

-iz [-ed -t

'igrit, -grEt, 'e-

Egypt

'idsapt, 'idsipt [-ptian I'dsip/an, i-

Egj^tology jidsip'taladsi; ES-h-'toleh e, E and various other inquiring sounds

eider 'aida^;

ES

'aida(r

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [j^et JEt [sang saeg [angr>' 'aeg-gri
baG (10) jah a [far far [watch watj, wotj" (12) [jaw dsa (gorge gards [go go

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeG;

|-ist -ist

electron

143

Eiffel

Eldorado

Eiffel 'aifl

eight et

eighth etG [eighty

-iiO

|-ieth

'eti

|-ieths -iiGs

eighteen e'tin,

'e'tin ('eigh^teen 'years)

eightfold adj, adv 'et'fold ('eight^fold

'loss)

eightpenny 'et^pEni, -pani

Calif

jElda'rado;

eldritch,

E-

Eleanor

'Elana^, 'filma';

'EldritJ |Eldritch's 'Eldritjiz

ES

-na(r

Eleanora jEla'nora, fiha-, -'nara; S -'nora

Eleazar, -er jEli'eza^;

ES + 'aikon

ES

jEli'eza(r

Einstein 'amstain |-ian ain'stamian

elecampane jElakam'pen, jeIielect I'kkt, a'kkt |-lected -'kktid

election I'lek/an, a'kkjan

Eire 'era, 'Era |Eireann 'eran, 'eran

electioneer i^kkjaii'ir, a-;

eikon, E- 'aikan;

Eileeu ai'lin ('Eijleen 'Johnson)

much

'iSa^,

less freq. 'ai'Sa^

ES

-'ia(r,

S+-'a(r;

l-ed -d

eisteddfod e'steSvad, 8-, -vod

either

Mo

Kas,

III,

jElda'redo

ES

-tJaCr

elective I'kktiv, a'kktiv

ES

-'kkta(r

ejaculate I'dsaekjajet, i'dsaekju- |-d -id

elector I'kkta', a-;

ejaculation ijdsaekja'lejan, i^dsaekju-

electoral I'kktaral, a- |-ly -i [-rate -rit, -trit

ejaculatory I'dsaekjala^tori, i'ds^ekju-, -itari;

S -iton

eject

Electra I'kktra
electress I'kktris, a- j-es -iz
electric I'kktrik, a- |-al -1 |-ally -Ii, -ikli

'idsekt

eject V I'djekt, i- j-jected -'dsektid

electrician i;kk'tnjan, a-, jilsk'tn/an

ejecta i'dsekta

electricity ijkk'trisati, a-, jikk'trisati

ejection I'dsek/an,

i-

|-tment -'dsektmant

electrification ijkktrafa'ke/an, a-

eke adv ik

electrify i'kktra jfai, a- |-fied -^faid

eke V ik [eked ikt

electro I'kktro, a-

eUl

electroanalysis i^kktroa'naelasis, a-

elaborate adj I'laebarit, a-, -'labrit

electrochemical ijkktro'kEinikl, a-

elaborate v I'laebairet, a- -rated -^retid

electrochemist ijkktro'kEiiust, a- |-ry

elaboration ijlaeba 're/an, a-

electrocute I'kktra^kjut, a-, -^kiut |-d -id

Elaine I'len, a'len

electrocution ijkktra'kju/an, a-, -'kiu/an

Elam

'ilam

electrodeposit

eland 'Hand

electroencephalograph ijkktro-En'sEfalajgraef,

-ikh

9-; E+-jgraf, -jgraf

elasticity ijlaes'tisati, a-, jilaes'tisati

electrograph I'kktrOigraef, a-; E+-af, -af

|-lated -'letid

i-

elation I'le/an,

electrokinetics i^kktroki'nEtiks, a-, -kai-

i-

electrolysis i^kk'tralasis, a-; ES+-'trDl-

'Elba

Elbe Elb (Ger 'elba)

Elbert 'elba^t;
'eljbo

ES

electrolyte i'kktra jkit, aelectrolytic i^kktra'litik, a-

'elbat

elbowed 'el^bod

electrolyze i'kktra ^laiz, a-

|-s

-iz |-d

-d

elbowroom 'Elbojrum, -^rum

electromagnet ijkktro'maegnit, a-

eld eld

electromagnetic ijkktromaeg'nEtik, a-

elder 'elda^;

ES

The

second

pron.

results

ES

from

ES

'eldah

|full

-s

'taela^dsi;

ES

-iiie-

-isd^i, -j^dsi, -'taeladsi

ijkk'tramata^,

a-,

jikk-;

ES

-'tramata(r, -'trDmata(r

electromotive ijkktra'motiv, a-

eldest 'Eldist

Eldora El'dora, -'dara; S -'dora

El Dorado myth. ^Elda'rado, Ark

electrometallurgy i;kktro'mtl,yd5i, a-,

electrometer

r-dissimilation {121).

elderly 'Elda^h;

\-s

electromagnetism ijkktro'maegnajtizam, a-

'sldaCr

elderberry 'Elda'jbEri, 'elda-, -ban, -bri;

'Elda-;

ES +

3-;

electrodynamics ijEktrodai'naemiks, a-

-iz [-d -t

\-s

elastic I'laestik, a- |-ally -li,

elbow

ijkktrodi'pazit,

-'pDZlt

elapse I'laeps, a-

Elba

-ri

electrode I'kktrod, a-

|-ite -^ait |-itic ^ila'mitik

elan Fr e'15

elate I'let,

j-ly -i

electromotor ijkktra'mota', a-;

city -'redo

ful [tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fstJa

electron I'kktran, a-;

ES

-'mota(r

ES+-tnon

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

144

electroplate

Eloise

electroplate I'lektra^plet, a- |-d -id

Elimelech I'limajek, a-

electroscope I'kktrajskop, 9-

ehminate I'limajnet, a- |-nated -^netid

electroscopic ijlEktra'skapik, a-;

ES + -^ skop-

electrostatic i^kktra'staetik, a- [-al -1 l-ally

-h, -ikh

elimination ijlima'ne/an, a-

ES

Elinor 'ehna^;

'elinaCr

Eliot 'chat, 'eljat

electrotherapeutic

i^lEktrojGera'pjutik ,

3-,

Eliphalet I'hfalit, a-

Eliphaz

-'piu- |-al -1

'ela^faez |-'s -iz

electrotherapy ijlektro'eerapi, a-

Elis 'ihs

electrotype I'lektrajtaip, a- |-d -t

Elisabeth I'lizabaG, 9

electrum I'kktram, a-

Elisha I'lai/a, a-

jEla'masnjEri,

ES +

fihs-;

elegance 'elagans 1-cy

-i

Elizabeth
-jtaun

elegiacal jgla'dsaiakl

^adsi

element 'elamant

i'liksa(r

-tri

jElia-, -^nara;

S -'nora

ell el

'elk, hart;

Milne.

elephantine iela'fsentin, -tain, -tin

Ella 'ela

Eleusinian jelju'sinian

Ellen 'elm, -an

|-sis'

elevate 'elajvet |-d -id |-tor

-a^;

Ellesmere 'elzmir;

-sis

ES

elevation jelaVe/an

Elliott 'ehat, 'eljat

ellipse I'lips, a-

elves elvz |-in

-m

US

Elgin

ES

\-s

eln

-iz

C,

Scotl,

Lord,

marble

Ellis 'elis

l-'s

-ikh

-IZ

Ellsworth 'elzwa^G;

ES

-Jia(r, -/a(r

El Greco ergreko, -^greko

'ilai

ES

'elzwaG

elm elm
Elmer 'elma^; ES 'elmaCr
Elmira el'maira

Elmo 'elmo
Modena jclmo'dina

Elia 'iha
|-'s

(OE

-miaCr

elliptic I'liptik, a- |-al -1 |-ally -h,

'eldsin;

ell

ellipticity i^lip'tisati, a-, jclipHisati

'elgaCr

Elginshire 'lgin;Xir, -JV;

Elias i^Iaias

from

ellipsoidal ijip'saidl, a-, jelip'saidl

'elgin

Eli

lost

ellipsoid lUipsaid, a-

ES+-M

Elfrida E^frida

ES

-,ha:t, E+-,lia:t

ellipsis i^ipsis, a- |-pses -psiz

elfish 'lfi/, 'eIvi/

'elga-;

I'liza-

Ellice Islands 'ebs'ailandz, -lanz

-a(r

eleven I'kvan, I'levm, a- j-th -anO |-ths -anOs

Elgar

a-, -'beGan,

measure) in the same way as from kiln, mill,

|-a jEla'faenta

Eleusis e'lusis, a-, -'liusis

ES

The n sound was

elephantiasis jslafan'taiasis, -faen-

elflock 'elf^lak;

1611 Bible

Elkanah 'elkana, el'kena

Elkhart

Eleonora jela'nora,

|-town

-tan

|-ton

a-

I'lizabaO,

spelt with z in the

elk elk

-tsn.

[-ly -i ]-tary

Elena 'elana

elf elf |-'s -s

Elizabeth

jbeGan

-dsist

elemental jcla'tnentl

elephant 'Elafant

ES

Elizabethan ijliza'biGan,

-d

\-s -iz J-d

|-gist

see

Eliza i^laiza

|-gant -gant

elegiac i'lid3i,aek, a-, ^ela'dsaiaek, -ak

elegize 'ebjdsaiz

elite I'lit, e'lit

elixir I'hksa^;

-'niDS-

elegy

-IZ

eHsion I'lisan

electuary I'lekt/u^eri, a-

eleemosynary

|-'s

El

-iz

elicit I'lisit |-ed -id

Elmore 'elmor, -mar; ES -moa(r, E+-maa(r

elide I'laid |-lided -'laidid

elocution iela'kjujan, -'kiu- |-ary -ieri

eligibiUty jclidga'bilati

Elohim e'lohim, -him

-hizam

eligible 'elid3abl |-bly -bli

EHhu

Bible I'laihju, -hiu;

Am name

'Ela^hju,

Elijah I'laidsa, a-

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeG;

-hist

|-hism

Elohistic ,elo'histik
eloign, eloin I'lain j-ed -d

-jhiu

Key:

j-hist

Eloise 'Heloise'

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'p'^i (6)

jclo'iz,

natne jela'wiz

|rate ret |yet jet |sang saeij |angn,' 'teij-gn

far [watch wat/,

wotj

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go


embracer

145

elongate
S+i'Iag-;

elongate I'bgget, I'log-;

|-gated

-getid

elongation ijbg'ge/an, lilog-, ^ibg-, iilog-;

emaciation ijme/i'ejan, i^mesi-

emanate 'Emajnet |-d -id |-tion ;Ema'ne/an

emancipate I'maensajpet |-pated -^petid
emancipation i^maensa'pejan

S+-agelope I'lop, 3- j-d

Emanuel

-t

I'maenjual, -jeI

eloquence 'ebkwans j-quent -kwant

emasculate I'maeskjajlet |-lated

El Paso el'pjeso

emasculation ijmaeskja'lejan

Elphinstone 'elfinstan

embalm im'bam |-ed -d

embank im'baegk |-ed -t

Elsa 'elsa {Ger

'eIzq:)

ES

El Salvador el'saelvajdor;

{Sp

-jdo3(r;

-'ba:(r,

E+-'ba:(r; |-red -d

embargo im'bargo; ES

else eIs [else's 'eIsiz

El Segundo jelsa'gAndo, -'gunelsewhere 'elsjhwEr, -^hwaer;

l-ed

ES

-^hweaCr,

E+

E+-'ba:-;

-'ba:-,

embark im'bark; ES

E+-'ba:k;

-'ba:k,

ES

|-ed -t

-ba:-,

E+

-ba:-

Elsie 'elsi
'elsainor,

-jn33(r; acci + jElsi

Elsmere 'elzmir;

ES

ES

-jnor;

E+

-jno3(r,

Wre

Elsworthy 'elzwySi;

Eltham Kent

-is |-es -iz |-ed -t

ES

-wstSi, -wytJi

'ElOam

'eltam, 'ElGam

is

sp.

embay Em'be [-ed -d

embed im'bsd |-ded -id
embellish im'bEliJ"

pron.

|-es -iz |-ed -t

elucidate I'lusa^det, I'lius- |-d -id

ember 'Emba^; ES 'mba(r

elucidation ijlusaMe/an, ijlius-

embezzle im'bEzl

elude I'lud, iHiud |-d -id

embitter im'bita';

elusive I'lusiv, I'liusiv j-sory

emblaze Em'blez

-san

|-ed -d |-ling -'bEzlig, -zlig

ES

|-s

emblazon em'blezn

Elvira ei'vaira

emblem 'fimblam

elvish 'eIviJ

emblematic ^Embla'maetik

name +^i\ai, cfEli

-d

-'bita(r; j-ed

-iz |-d -d

elves elvz

'ih, pers.

-'baesada(r

embassage 'Embasids |-s -iz |-bassy -basi

embattle Em'bajtl |-d -d |-ling -'baetjig, -tlig

-mi3(r

ES

embarrass im'baeras,

embassador im'baesada^;

Elspeth 'slspae

Elyot

-ba:-,

-d

embarkation jEmbar'keJan;

-jhwae3(r

Ely

ES

-bar-

Elsass Ger 'elzas

Elsinore

embar Em'bar; ES

embarcation jEmbar^keJan;

-iSaipa'tJar)

-jletid

|-ed -d |-ing -znig, -znig

|-ed -d
|-al

j-ally

-I

-li,

-ikh

embodiment im'badimant; ES+-'bijdi-

'sliat, 'eljat

Elyria i^iris, a-

embody im'badi; ES+-'bDdi;

Elysia

embolden im'boldn |-ed -d |-ing -dnig, -dnig

embolic Em'bahk; ES + -'bDlembolism 'Emba^lizam |-lus -las j-li -jlai
embonpoint Fr abo'pwie
embosom Ein'buzam, -'buzam |-ed -d
emboss im'bas, -'bns [-es -iz |-ed -t
embouchure jambu'/ur; ES -'/uaCr; {Fr

I'lisia, I'lizia

Elysian I'lisan, I'hsian

Elysium I'ligiam, I'liziam

E- 'flzava', -jVir; ES

elzevir,

-V3(r, -jVi3(r

em Em
'em unstressed only am, after p or b+m (keep
'em 'kipm, mob 'em 'mabm) When tinstressed, hem, the native Eng word for 'them,'
lost its

h sound just

as do he, her, his,

him

when unstressed. Hem and hit lost the letter

h also. The mistaken belief that 'em is an
abbreviation of
hut

it is

them has

led

some

to

avoid

it,

prefix im-,

Em

see en-

emaciate I'me/ijct |-ated -,etid

|full

ful [tooth tue [further 'fytJa^;

ES

j-ed -d

embowel Em'baual, -'baul |-ed -d

embower Em'baua^; ES -'bau'a(r; ]-ed -d

j-ing

-'bauarig, -'baurig

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision

-d

abu'/y.r)

embow sm'bo

embrace im'bres |-s -iz |-d -t

embraceor Em'bresa^; ES -'bresa(r;
embracer im'bresa^; ES -'bresa(r

in excellent colloquial use.

em- unstressed

j-ied

Visan [Eden

|-cery -i

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

embranchment
embranchment em'braentjmant

E + -'brant/-,

embrasure 2in'bre53^;

ES

-'bre33(r; |-d -d

embrocation jembro'kejan

-dang,

ES

-driij |-y

-dan, -dn

|-d

emolument I'maljamant; ES-t--'mDlEmory 'Eman

emotion I'mojan

-d

j-al -1, -J"nal |-ally -li,

-/nah

emotionalism I'mojanljizam, -'mojnaljizain

embryologic jembri3'lad3ik;ES+-'lDd3-;

|-al

emotionality i^mofan'selati
emotionalization

-ally -h, -ikh

-1

-jbag,

emollient I'maljant, -hant; ES-f-'mol-

|-ed -d

embrue em'bru, -'bnu

embryo 'embrijO

-iz

-^byg

-'braidaCr; |-ed -d

embroil em'brDil |-ed -d

embrown em'braun

I'msenjual

emmet, E- 'Emit
Emmetsburg, Emmits- 'Emits^byg; ES

embrocate 'embrojket |-cated -^ketid

embroider im'brDida^;

Emmanuel

Emmaus E'meas, 'Emias |-'s

EmmeMne 'Emajlain, -^lin

-'brant/-

|-ing

empyreal

146

ijino/anla'ze/an,

-Jnala-,

embryologist iEmbri'aladsist; ES+-'d1-; |-gy

-ai'z-

emotionalize I'mojanljaiz, -Jnal-

-d3i

embryonic jembn'anik; ES+-'Dn-;

|-ally -li,

empale im'pel j-d -d

empanel imVaen] 1-ed -d
empathic Em'paefiik 1-ally

-ikh

Emden 'emdan
emeer a'mir; ES

a'miaCr; |-ate

-it

Emeline 'emajain, -jlin

emend i'mnd |-ed -id
emendate 'imanjdet |-dated -jdetid
emendation ^imen'dej'an, -man-,

-li, -ikli

empathy 'smpaGi
Empedocles Ein'pedajkliz |-'s -iz
emperor 'Empara^; ES 'emparaCr
jEinan-

empery 'Empari
emphasis 'emfasis j-phases

'de/an

emendator 'iman^deta^, 'Eman-; ES -jdeta(r

emendatory I'mendajtori, -jtari; S -jtori

emphasize 'Emfa^saiz

emerald 'Emarald, 'Emrald

empire 'Empair;

emerge i'myd3;

ES

i'm3d3, i'myd3;

|-s

-iz

emphatic im'faetik

ES

i'm3d3-, I'myds-;

-gent -d3ant

|-cy -I

-fajsiz

-iz j-d -d

[-al -1 j-ally -li, -ikli

ES

empiric Em'pirik

[-s

'inpaia(r

|-aUy

|-al -1

empiricism Em'pirajSizam

l-d-d

emergence i'm3'd3ans;

-iz |-d -d

[-s

emotive I'motiv

-li,

-ikk

[-cist -sist

emplacement im'plesmant
employ im'pbi |-ed -d |-ment -mant

emeritus I'meratas

|-ti

employee, -ye, -ye im'pbi!'i iCnipbi'i

-^tai

emersed i'm^st; ES i'msst, i'myst

emersion i'my/an, -san; ES -'ms-, -'my-

employer im'pbia^,

Emerson 'Eina^sn; ES 'emasn

emery 'emari, 'emri |-ied -d

empoison Em'pDizn

emetic I'mEtik

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

|-d -id |-tion

j-ed -d |-ing -znig, -znig

jEma'greJan

empower im'paua^; ES
empress 'Empris

'iml

Emily

emption 'Emp/an

'ehiIi

empty

|-nent -nant

emit I'mit [emitted I'mitid

Key:

jEmpi'ima, -pai- [-mata -'imata,

empyreal Em'pirial, jEmpa'rial, -pai-

See in full 3^7.

-'p3pj, -'ps^pl; [-d -d

-'Emata

'Ema

|bath baeO;

ES

-phg, -plig

empyema

emission I'mi/an

-iz

'Einpti |-ied -d

-ling
I

|-s

|-al -1

empurple Ein'pypl;

|-ate -it

emissary 'EmajSEri

Emma

-'pau-aCr; |-ed -d |-ing

|-es -iz

emprise, -ze Em'praiz

-i

[-s

-'paurig, -'pauarig

Emilia I'milia, iWilja

eminence 'fimanans |-cy

emir a'mir; ES a'mia(r;

-'pbi'a(r,

-z |-ia -la

emigre 'Emajgre {Fr emi'gre)

Emil

ES

Emporia Em'poria, -'par-; S -'pona

emporium Ein'poriam, -'par-; S -'ponam;

emigrant 'emagrant, -^graent

emigrate 'Emajgret

-'pbj^";

-'pbja(r

bee bi |pity

baO (10) [ah a

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet JEt |sang saeg |angn,' 'aeg-gri

far |watch wat/,

wotj

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards |go go


empyrean
empyrean

emu

enclose in'kloz

jEmps'ridn, -pai-

encomium en^konuam

-JetaCr

encompass in'kAmpas

emulous 'Emjalas

E+-kaa(r;

|-fied -jfaid

en en

1-ing

When

wholly unstressed in

familiar words, pronounced in-, sometimes

Since words vary in familiarity, and

and personal habits vary, many

such words are pronounced with either in- or
since styles

zrv-.

Observe that

many

such words are spelt

with either en- or in-, as endorse, indorse.

These facts will explain seeming inconsistencies in the pron. of stich

cabulary.

words in the

vo-

The same statements apply to the

In these prefixes, im-, in- are

variant em-.

heard in more familiar words; cf im'bEzI

-d |-ling -'eblig, -'eblig

|-d

-d

|-s

-z |-comia

-mia

ES

-kar;

ES

-'kaunta(r; |-ed -d

-tang, -trig

encourage in'kyids;

ES

-'ksr-, -'kAr-, -'ks^-;

-iz |-d -d

|-s

encrimson En'krimzn
encroach in'krotj"

[-ed -d

|-es -iz |-ed -t

encrust in'krAst |-ed -id

encumber in'kAmba^; ES -'kAmba(r;

|-ing

encumbrance in'kAmbrans

|-s

-iz

encycUcal en'siklikl, -'saikencyclopedia, -paed- in^saikla'pidia

encyclopedic,
-ally -h,
I

-paed- in^saikla'pidik

end End [ended 'endid

endanger in'dendsa^; ES -'dendsaCr;

en bloc En'blak;
encage En'keds
encase in'kes

-mlig

ES -'aBm3(r; |-ed -d
ES + -'blDk; (Fr a'blSk)

endear in'dir;

|-ed -t |-ment

-msnt

ES

-'dia(r,

endeavor in'deva';
-li,

-ikh

ES

-'dEva(r; |-ed -d [-ing

-'dEvarig, -'dEvrig

enceinte en'sent {Fr a'st)

endemic En'demik

Enceladus En'sEbdas

Enderby

|-'s

S + -'da(r, -'dJa(r;

l-ed -d

-iz |-d -t

|-s

encaustic en'k3stik |-ally

]-ed -d

|-ing -dsarig, -dsrig

-iz |-d -d

|-s

encamp in'kaemp

|-ist

-ist

encyst En'sist |-ed -id

in'aema^;

-1

|-al

-ikh

enamel I'naeml

enamor

[-ed -d

-bang, -brig

enact in'aekt j-ed -id |-ive -iv |-ory -an

j-ed -d |-ing -mlig,

-koa(r,

+en'core

encyclopedism, -paed- in^saikla'pidizam

with Em'blezn, or i^naeml with en'klaesp.

enable in'ebl

|-d

encounter in'kaunta^;

emulsion I'mAl/an

an-.

[-ally -ji,

[-es -iz |-ed -t

W-,

encore n, v 'agkor,

emulsification i^mAlsafa'keJ'an

en

-1

|-al

-ikli

ES

emulator 'Einjajeta^;

emulsify I'mAlsa^fai

-'klo33(r

encomiastic En^komi^^estik

-la ted -^letid |-tive -iv

emulation jEmja'leJan

en- prefix in-,

ES

encomiast En'komijaest

emulate adj 'emjaht

v 'emjajlet

-d

-iz |-d

|-s

enclosure in'klosa^;

imju, 'imiu

emulate

endocrinology

147

-iz

endermic

encephalic jensa^faehk
encephalitis jEnsefa'laitis, en^sEfa-

|-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

ES 'Endabi
En'dymik; ES -'dsm-,

'Enda'bi;

-'dym-;

|-al

-ally -Ii, -ikh

-1
I

encephalon En'sEfa^lan, -jlnn

Endicott 'Endi^kat, -kat; ES+-jkDt

|-la -la

enchain En't/en -chained -'t/end

endive 'Endaiv, 'andiv {Fr a'di:v)

enchant in't/aent; E-^-'t/ant, -'t/ant;

|-ed -id

enchase En't/es

encircle in^sykl;
|-ling

endocarditis ^Endokar'daitis;

-iz |-d -t

|-s

ES

-'sakl,

-'sykl;

|-d

-d

-t

enclave n 'Enklev {Fr a'klarv)

E+

^Endo'kardiam;

ES

-'ka:d-,

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

endocarp 'Endo^karp;

ES

-ika:p, E-f-^karp

endocrin ^Endo^krin

enclave v En'klev |-claved -'klevd

|full

-ka:-,

E-i--'ka:d-

enclasp en'klaesp; E+-'klasp, -'klasp; |-ed

en'kbtik

ES

-ka:-

endocardium

-kbg, -klig

Encke 'egka

enclitic

endlong 'endjag, -jlog; S+-ilag

endmost 'End^most, 'En^most

|-ress -ris |-resses -risiz

endocrine 'endojkrain |-nal jEndo'krainl

endocrinology jEndokrai'naladsi;

-ikh

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

ES

'fstJa

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision

ES + -'nDl-

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

Visan [Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


endoderm

enough

148

endoderm 'Endojdym; ES -jdsm, -jdym

endogamy en'dagami, -'dogendogenous En'dadsanas; ES+-'dDd3endolymph 'endojlimf, -Jimpf

England 'iggland

Englewood 'eggl^wud
EngUsh 'igglij |-ed -t |-man -man |-men -man
|-ry -n |-woman -^wuman, -^wu- |-women
-jwimin, -anfreq. 'igli/; see England

endoplasm 'Endojplaezam
Endor 'enda^, -dar; ES 'endaCr, -doaCr

ES

-'daas;

ES

ES

engorge en'gard3;

-iz |-d -t

|-s

endorsee in^dor'si, jEndor'si;

-a(r; freq.

regard as careless

Englefield 'eggl.fild

endoparasite jcndo'paerajsait

endorse m'dars;

ES

-^;

|-er

many

'igland, which

-^daa-, -daa-

endoscope 'end3,skop

engraft En'graeft;

-'goads;

E + -'graft,

|-s

-iz |-d -d

-'graft; |-ed -id

engrain in'gren |-ed -d |-edly -idli

endothelium jendo'Giliam

ES

endothermic jEndo'Oa^mik;

engrave in'grev [-graved -'grevd

-ha

|-lia

-'Gam-, -'Gym-

engross in'gros

-idh

|-es -iz |-ed -t [-edly

endow in'dau lendowed in'daud

engulf in'gAlf |-ed

endue in'dju, -'dm, -'du |-d -d

endurance m'djurans, -'diur-, -'dur-

enhance in'haens; E+-'hans, -'bans;

endure in'djur, -'diur, -'dur;

endways 'endjwez

ES

I'nias

[-'s

Eneid

I'niid,

-ad

-iz

|-s

l-d-t

enharmonic jenhar'mamk

-3(r

-'mnn-, E-i--ha:-;

|-wise -^waiz

ES

-lia:'manik.

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

Enid 'inid
enigma I'mgma

Endymion En'dimian
Eneas

-t

-iz

enigmatic ^emg'maetik,

enema 'enama
enemy 'enami

|-al

^i-

-1

|-ally -li.

-ikli

ES

energetic ^ena^'dsetik;

^ena-;

|-al -1 |-ally

enjambment,
asab'ma)

-bement

in'dsaemmant

{Fr

enjoin in'dsain |-ed -d

-h, -ikh

ES

energize 'ena^^dsaiz;

energy 'ena^dsi;

ES

'ena-;

|-s

-iz |-d -d

enjoy m'dsai

|-ed -d

enkindle en'kmdl

'enadsi

|-ling

-dbg, -dlig

-'lards,

E+-'la:d3;

-d

|-d

ES I'nsv-, I'nyvenervate v 'ena^jvet; ES 'ena-; |-d -id

enervation jEna-'veJan; ES ,en3-

enlace in 'las

enfeeble in'fibl |-d -d [-ling -blig, -blig

enlighten m'laitn [-ed -d |-ing -tnig, -tnig

enfeoff tn'fef |-ed -t

enlist in'bst |-ed -id

Enfield 'enfild

enliven m'laivan |-ed -d |-ing -vanig, -vnig

enervate adj I'ns^vit;

|-s

-'foas,

E+-'faas;

-iz |-d

-d

|-s -iz |-d

engarland En'garland;

ES

-'ga:l-,

Enobarb

E+-'ga:l-;

Engels Ger 'egals

engender in'dsenda^;

ES

-'d3enda(r; |-ed -d

-'dsendrig, -'dsendarig

engine 'endsan |-d -d |-ry

engineer ^Endsa'nir;

ES

ES

-'nia(r,

S+-'nea(r,

'tna-;

ES

-^ba:b,

Enoch 'inak
enorm I'norm; ES I'naam
enormous I'narmas; ES I'naamas;
Enos 'Inas |-'s -iz
enough a'nAf I'nAf
,

bee bi [pity

baG (10) |ah a

E-i-

-'ba:b-,

|-mity

|far

after

t,

d, s, z, often n'Af

(gudn'Af, 'Saetsn'Af)

-'gsd, -'g3^d; |-ed -id

See in full 3^7.

[bath baeG;

'ina^barb,

-jba:b

-mati

-ri

-'nja(r; |-ed -d

Key:

-d |-ling -'nobhg.

Enobarbus ^ina'barbas, jEna-; ES

E + -'ba:b-; |-'s -iz

|-ed -id

engird en'gyd;

|-d

ennui 'anwi {Fr a'nqi)

-d |-dly -idli

Engedi en'gidai

|-ing

|-es -iz |-ed -t

-'noblig

enfranchisement en'fraent/izmant

engage in'geds

enmesh en'mej
enmity 'enmati

ennoble I'nobl, en'nobl

-iz |-d -t j-dly -idli

]-s

j-s

en masse en'maes {Fr a'mas)

enfold in'fold |-ed -id

enfranchise en'fraent/aiz

ES

-IZ l-d -d l-dly -idli, -dli

ES

-iz |-d -t

enlarge m'lards;

enfilade jenfa'led -laded -'ledid

enforce in'fors, -'fars;

|-s

'piti

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gn

far [watch watj",

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go


enumeration

149
enounce i'nauns

entertain ^enta^'ten;

|-s -iz |-d -t

enow I'nau

enthrone in'Oron

enplane en'plen |-planed -'pknd

enquire in'kwair;

ES

enrage in 'reds

-iz |-d -d j-dly -idli, -dli

\-s

enrapture in'raeptja^;
enravish En'raevi/

-'kwai3(r; |-d -d |-ry

ES

-i

^enta-; |-ed -d

enthusiasm

-'raept/aCr; |-d -d

ES

|-d

-d

enthronize en'Oronaiz

|-s

-iz |-d

enthuse in'Ojuz, -'Oiuz, -'6uz

in'Ojuzijaezam,

-d

|-s

-iz |-d -d

-'8uz-

-'Oiuz-,

|-ast -jaest

|-es -iz |-ed -t

enregister en'redsista-trig,

ES

enthrall, -al in'Oral |-(l)ed -d

-ta(r; |-ed

-d |-ing

-tang

enthusiastic injOJuzi'aestik, -jOiuz-, -j6uz-

|-al

-ikk

-ally -h,

-1
I

enrich in'ritj

enthymeme 'nOa/mim

|-es -iz |-ed -t

enrobe en'rob -robed -Vobd

entice in'tais

enroll, -ol in'rol |-(l)ed

|-s

enroot en'rut, -'rut |-ed -id

-iz [-d -t

ES

entire in'tair;

-d

-'taia(r;

|-ty

-ti

Enroughty en'rauti 'da:bi is not a pronunciation oj Enroughty, hut a substitution for

entitle in'taitl |-d -d |-ling -tjig, -tbg

entity 'entati
entoil En'tail |-ed -d

it.

entomb in'tum

en route an'rut {Fr a 'rut)

ensample en'saempj; E + -'sampl, -'sampl
ensanguine En'saeggwin

j-d

entomologic

-d

|-ed -d

j-ment -'tummant

^entama'ladsik;

ES-h-'lods-;

l-al -1 l-ally -li, -ikli

ensconce gn'skans; ES-h-'skons;

|-s

-iz |-d -t

entomologist

ES-H-'mol-;

^enta'maladsist;

ensemble an'sambl {Fr a'sa:bl)

enshade En'Jed -shaded -'/edid

entourage ^antu'ras {Fr atu'rais)

enshrine in '/rain j-d -d

entr'acte an'traekt {Fr a'trakt)

enshroud en'/raud

entrails 'entralz

l-gy -dsi

|-ed -id

m/. + 'ensn

ensign n 'ensain,

entrain in'tren ]-ed -d

ensign v en'sain |-ed -d

entrance n 'entrans

ensilage 'ens lids

entrance

ensile en'sail, 'ensail |-d -d

en'sner,

entrap in'traep [-trapped

-'snaer;

-'sn3(r,

ES

ES

-'sfi3(r,

ensue en'su, -'siu, -'sju

en suite an'swit {Fr

ensure in'Jur;

ES

|-d

entree 'antre {Fr

S+-'sf3(r

entremets

-d

ES

\pl

-mets

-jmez

{Fr

|-es -iz |-ed -t

ES

-'n3(r, -'ns^;

{Fr atrapra'noerr)

entropy 'entrapi

|-ling -glig, -glig

entelechy en'telaki

entrust in'trAst |-ed -id

entente an'tant {Fr a'ta:t)

-t3(r;

'antra^me

entrepreneur ^antrapra'ny;

entail in'tel |-ed -d

entangle in'taeggl |-d -d

-i

entrepot 'antraipo {Fr atra'po)

-t/aCr

entablement en'teblmant

entry 'entri

|-ed -d |-ing -tang,

entwine in'twain

|-d

-d

entwist en'twist |-ed -id

-trig

enteric en'terik

enucleate adj I'njukliit, I'niu-, I'nu-, -^et

|-ritis jgnta'raitis

enteron 'enta^ran; ES-F-jron

enterprise 'enta^jpraiz, 'enta-;
-IZ |-d -d

-'traept

-'tr83a(r; |-d -d

entre nous Fr atra'nu

ES

ES

fi'tre)

entrench in'trent/

-'/u3(r; |-d -d

entablature en'taebbtja^;

|-s

Stra'niE)

a'sqit)

enswathe en'sweS -swathed -'sweSd

enter 'enta^;

entreasure en'tresa^;

entreat in'trit |-ed -id |-y

-'snae3(r; |-d -d

ensphere en'sfir;

-iz |-trant -trant

|-s

v in'traens; E-i- -'trans, -'trans;

-IZ |-d -t |-dly -idli

enslave in'slev |-slaved -'slevd

ensnare

('en^tire

'length)

In

enucleate v I'njukhjet, I'niu-, I'nu- j-d -id

ES

the second pron. a'

'enta-;

becomes a

enucleation ijnjukli'e/an, i^niu-, i^nu-

enumerate i'n)uma/ret,

I'niu-, I'nu- |-d -id

enumeration ijnjuma're/an,

by dissimilation {121).
IfuU ful |tooth tuB [further 'fytJa^;

|-s

ES

i^niu-, i,nu-

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

enunciate
enunciate I'nAnsijCt,

Epicurus jEpi'kjuras, -'kicras

|-d -id

-J"i-

enunciation ijnAnsi'eJan, i^nAnJi-

ES

enure in'jur;

a'vlb'p)

'anvajop

is

epicyclic ^epa'saiklik, -'sik- |-al -1

epidemic jEpa'deimk

-t

'envajlop,

inVebp

'an-,

{Fr

epidermis jEpa'da^mis;
|-mal

enviable 'enviabj |-bly -bh |-vious -vias

environ

inVairan

ES

-'dam-, -'dym-;

ES

-'dsm-, -'dym-;

l-al -1 l-ally -li, -ikli

-d

|-ed

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

epidermic jcpa'darmik;

pseudo-French.

envelopment in'velapmant

envenom EnVenam

-iz

l-'s

epicycle 'epa^saikl

in'ju3(r; |-d -d

envelop n, v in'veiap |-ed

envelope

eponym

150

|-ed -d

-ml

epigene 'epajdsin [-genesis jEpa'dsenasis

epiglottal jepa'glati; ES-h-'glotl

environs n in'vairanz, 'envaranz

epiglottis jEpa'glatis; ES+-'glDt-; |-es -iz

envisage en'vizid3

epigram 'epajgraem

[-s

-iz |-d -d

epigrammatic jpagra'maetik

envision enVisan |-ed -d

envoy 'postscript' 'envai {Fr aVwa)

envoy 'messenger' 'envoi
envy 'envi j-ied -d
enwrap en'raep [-wrapped -'raept
enwreathe En'rlti |-d -d

enzym 'enzim |-zyme

i'olia |-n

Eolis

'ialis |-'s -iz |-t -t

epilepsy 'epajlepsi
epileptic jEpa'leptik |-al -1 l-ally

Epimenides jepa'menajdiz

-iz

|-'s

Vt

l-'s

1-d,

-ged -d

-iz

Epinal 'epinl {Fr epi'nal)

Epiphany I'pifam
'epijfait |-tic ^epi'fitik

Epipsychidion jepisai'kidian, -si'kidian

|-m -jhzam

Epirus E'pairas

jb'liGik

|-ic

-li, -ikli

epilogue, -log 'tpajag, -Jag, -Jog

-n

eolith 'iajhO |-ths -Gs

'ialas,

epigraphy e'pigrafi

epiphyte

Eolia

Eolus

epigraph 'epajgraef; E-[--jgraf, -^graf

zaim, -zim

Eoanthropus jioaen'Oropas
Eocene 'isjsln
Eohippus jio'hipas |-'s -iz

]-al -1 |-ally -li,

-ikk

|-'s

-iz

episcopacy I'piskapasi

nit. loc. i'olas |-'s -iz

ES + 'inn
ES + -ds; l-'s -iz

eon

'ian, 'ian;

episcopal,

Eos

'ias;

episcopalian,

E- I'piskapl

1-ly -i

E- i^piska'peljan, -kan

eosin 'ia^sin

episcopate I'piskapit, -jpet

Eothen i'oOEn
Epaminondas Ejpaema'nandas; ES+-'nDn-

episodic jEpa'sadik, -'zad-; ES-i--Dd-;

eparch 'epark;

ES

E + -a:k

'epa:k,

episode 'epa^sod, -jzod

epistemology i^pista'maladsi; ES-t--'mDl-

epaulet, -tte 'epajlet, 'epaht

epencephalon jEpen'sefajlan, -jlon

epistle I'pisj

ephah

epistolary I'pista^len

'ifa

ephedrine, -in e'ledrin, cfem. -t-'efaidrin

epistyle 'epijstail

ephemera, E- a'femara

epitaph 'epa^taef; ES+-itaf,

ephemeral a'femaral

|-s

-z |-rae -jri

|-ly -i |-rid

|-us'

ephod

ES+-fDd

Ephraim
epic 'epik

'i-,

'ifriam

-fad;

epithelium jEpa'Oiliam

-as

j-'s

ES

epoch 'epak

-jSnta(r

ES

epicurism 'epikju^rizam, -kiu-

See in full 3^7.

-z |-ha

-ha

-li, -ikli

|-s

-iz |-d -d

|-al -1 |-ally -li

'ipok

is

mainly

epode 'epod

-a(r

Epicurean /spikju'rian, -kiu'rian |-ism -jizam

]-lamia

Brit.

-iz

epicure 'epijijur, -jkiur;

Ibath baeO;

-z

epitome I'pitami
epitomize I'pita^maiz

epicenter, -tre 'Epi^senta*;

j-s

epithetic ,pa'eetik l-al -1 l-ally

|-ite -^ait

epicene 'epajsin

Key:

|-s

epithet 'epajOtt |-theted -jGetid

|-al -1 |-ally -li |-ly -li

Epictetus jEpik'titas

-jtaf; |-ed -t

epithalamium ^epiOa'lemiam

-rid

-mia

Ephesian I'fisan
Ephesus 'efasas, -zas
'efad,

j-al -1

-ally -li, -ikli

I

|-ous

e'panamas;

ES-f-

-'pon-

bee bi [pity

baG (10) lah a

eponym 'epa^nim

jfar

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet }zi Isang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far [watch wat/,

wnt/

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards Igo go

epos
epos '8pas; ES+-ds;

Epping

Eritrea

151

ending of agent nouns (maker) and the

comparative degree (slower) -a^ ; ES -a(r. In

-er

|-es -iz

'pig

when

sound can

epsilon 'epsalan, -ilan, -jlon, Brit ep'sailan

the vocab. usually omitted

Epsom 'epsam

be added directly to that of the head word, as

Epworth

'8pw3^e;

equable 'ekwabl,

ES

equal 'ikwal |-ed -d

make mek, maker

'epwaO

slow

-bh

'Ik- |-bly

-y-

|-ly -i

slower

slo,

ES

'mek-a^;

ES

'slo-a^;

its

'mek-a(r;

'slo-a(r.

Whett

follows -r-, as in blusterer 'blAstaT,

or n, as in handler

equalitarian i^kwab'ttrian, -^kwol-, -Uer-

'blAS'tra^, or syllabic

equality I'kwabti, I'kwol-

'haend-1-3', 'haend-la-, or fastener 'faes-n-*.

equalization jikwab'zeXan, -ai'z-

'faes-na^, thei^ are

equalize 'ikwal^aiz

tives

-iz |-d

j-s

-d

equanimity jikwa'nimati

as in

usually the same alterna-

addition of -ing jw similar

tlte

See also

cases.

-est.

equate I'kwet [equated I'kwetid

era

equation i'kwe33n, -/an

eradiate i'redijCt |-ated -^etid

equator I'kweta^;

ES

|-al -1 |-ally -li

'ira, 'Ira

eradicable I'raedikabl

i'kwet3(r

equatorial jikwa'torial, fik-, -'tar-; S -'tor-;

eradicate I'raedijket |-d -id |-tor -a^;

equerry 'ekwan

erase I'res

equestrian I'kwestnan |-ienne i^kwestri'sn

Erasmus I'raezmas

ES

equiangular jikwi'teggjaly;

-'aeggJ3l3(r

|-s

-iz |-d -t |-r -a^;

Erastus I'raestas

|-'s

equilateral jikwa'laetaral

equilibrant I'kwibbrant

Erath i'raeO
erbium 'a^biam;

equilibrate jikwa'laibret, I'kwibjbret |-d -id

ere zr, aer;

equilibrist I'kwibbrist

Erebus 'erabas

|-ly -i

equilibrium ^ikwa'hbriam

|-s

-z |-ria -ria

ES

ES

ES

equinox 'ikwa^naks; ES+-inDks;

|-ly -i

[-es -iz

'sb-, 'yb-

a(r, aea(r
|-'s

-iz

Erechtheum jerik'eiam
erect I'rekt |-ed -id

erection I'lek/an

equipage 'ekwapids

erelong

-iz

equipoise 'ekwa^paiz,

-iz [-d

|-s

'i-

er'bg,

-'log;

aer-,

eremite 'era^mait

equiponderate jikwi'ponda^ret; ES+-'pDn-;

erenow er'nau,
Eretria

l-d -id

aer-;

ES

erewhile er'hwail, aer-;

equisetum jekwa'sitam

Erewhon 'erahwan

-z |-ta -ta

ES

equitable 'ekwitabl [-bly -bh

erg yg;

equitation ^Ekwi'te/an

ergo 'ygo;

equity 'ekwati

ergon 'ygan;

equivocal I'kwivakl

|-ly -i,

-i |-lent

ES

-lant

-akh

ta-, aea-

3g, s'g

ES

'ago,

ES

Vgo;

ergosterol a^'gastajrol;

ergot 'ygat;

ES

see argal

'agan, 'y-, -gon

'agat,

ES

a'gas-, a'gDS-

Vgat

Eric 'erik |-son, -riccson 'eriksn

equivocation i^kwiva'ke/an

Erie

'iri;

equivoque, -oke 'ekwijvok

Erin

'erin,

er intj of hesitation a, a:. A, a: of various

Erinys

|full

This spelling originated with writers

not sound the
to

pronounce

r.

it

8+ 'in
'irm

I'rinis,

I'rainis

|-'s

'ens

-iz

-iz

\pl

It is a blunder in

Eris 'ins,

Eritrea jEn'tria |-n -n {It eri'tr:a)

ES

'fstJa

Erinyes

I'rinijiz

or y.

ful Itooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa^;

aea-,

-n

ES

equivocate I'kwiva^ket |-cated -^ketid

reading

ea-,

a-, aea-

I'ritria, I'ret- |-n

equipotential jikwipo'tenXal

equivalence I'kwivalans |-cy

-iz

S+-'Iag

-d

equiponderance jikwi'pandarans; ES+-'pDn-

|-s

|-'s

|-ile -1, -il

erectility i^rek'tilati, jirek'tilati

equip I'kwip [equipped I'kwipt

|-s

-9(r

-a(r

Erechtheus I'rEkejus, -Gius

equine 'ikwain
equinoctial jikwa'nak/al; ES+-'nDk-;

ES

-iz

erasure I'resa', I'reJV;

who did

-a(r

-iz

|-'s

equidistance jikws'distans |-tant -tant

lengths.

ES

eradication ijraedi'ke/an

l-ly -I

'iris,

]-'s

[custom 'kAStam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

[Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


eriking

ES

'a^ljkii);

The pronuncia-

^3\-, 'yl

a mixture of Ger and Eng.

Erlkonig 'Erljkenix.

tion 'erljkiij is

The Ger is
Erma 'yma;

ES

Ermengarde
'ym-

'ama, 'yma

'fes-iz,

Esau

Nash's

nose-s

rouge-s

For

-rns

'e-,

'i-,

-iz

|-'s

j-al

tlte

ending

88.

'is3

E- 'eskajleta^; ES -jletaCr
e'skabp, e'skaebp; ES+-'skDl-;

-11-

|-ed -t

Escalus 'eskabs

ES+-'rDt-;

at -ed in the

illustration of

escalade jEska'led [-laded -'ledid

-1

-h,

|-ally

|-'s

Escanes 'Eska^niz

-iz
-iz

|-'s

escapade 'Eska^ped, ^Eska'ped

eroticism I'ratajSizam; ES+-'rDt-

escape a'skep,

Erpingham 'ypig jhaem, 'ypigam; ES

's'p-;

'sp-.

iw 5A(j^. 'Erpingjham

ES

3(r, s^; |-ed

escarp

-d

i-,

e- j-d

|-pism -izam j-pist

-t

-ISt

E'skarp;

ES

ES + -'lDd3ES + -'tDl-; j-gy

eschatological ;Eskaeta'lad3ikI;

errant 'grant ]-ry -ri

eschatologist jeska'talad3ist;

-d3i

errata I'reta, e-, -'rata

escheat Es't/it |-ed -id |-age -ids

erratic a'raetik |-al -1 |-ally -h, -ikk

erratum I'retam,
erring 'yig

ES

eschew

e-, -'rat- [-ta -ta

'sriQ, 'a^ig

less Jreq.

'eng

erroneous a'ronias, e-

ES

error 'era^;

ES

escort

'eraCr

erst yst;

ES

ES

3st,

Es'korial,

'Eskart;

escort V I'skart;
escritoire

ss, s's

Erskine 's'skin;

Es'tju, -'t/iu |-ed -d |-al -al

Escorial

-'kar-;

ES 'Eskaat
ES I'skaat; |-ed

jEskn'twar,

eructation i^rAk'teXan, jirAk-

escutcheon I'skAtJan

erudite 'eru^dait, 'erju-

Esdraelon jEzdra'ilan,

erudition jEru'di/an, iCrju-

Esdras 'Ezdras

erupt I'rApt |-ed -id j-ption -pjan

-ese

Erwin 'ywin;

'svin,

'3^-

'3win, 'y-

|-'s

erythrocyte i'ri6ro;sait, e-

ending for pi &= poss of nouns, &= for 3

sg pres of verbs.

Pron. -s after

consonant

except

J,

voiceless

tj

(cap-s

|-ed

-iz

ES

'Eska(r

Eskimo 'Eskajmo |-mauan, -moan jEska'moan

Esmeralda ^Ezma'taelda
Esmond 'Ezmand
esophagus i'safagas;

ES + -'sDf-;

esoteric jEsa'tErik |-al -1 |-ally

(ball-s

See in full 3^7.

Ibath bae6;

bal-z,

Joe's

dso-z,

|-es -iz |-gi

-idsai

Esopus i'sopas

ds

-'iz, -^iz,

less often -s

kaep-s, Kate's ket-s, chafe-s t/ef-s); pron.

3,

-'twa:(r.

-d

z after vowel 6" voiced consonant sounds except z,

-id

ES

^es-

America much

esker, -kar 'Eska^;

s,

-'twar;

word ending (Chinese, Burmese)

-iz; in

erysipelas jEra'siplas, jira-

sounds

{Sp

escrow 'Eskro, E'skro

yst; |-while -^hwail

esculent 'Eskjalant

ES
ES

-'kor-;

-'twaa(r; (Fr ecritoire ekri'twa:r)

'as-, 's'S-

eruct I'rAkt j-ed -id |-ate -et |-ated -etid

Ervine 'yvin;

eskori'al)

ersatz Ger er'zats

3-s;

E+E'ska:p;

E'ska:p,

|-ed -t

errand 'r3nd

Key:

'ru3-iz.

the variation in

sams variation

and for ftdl

escalator,

-ikli

-es, -s

ds

catch-es

'nsej-iz,

'noz-iz,

tlte

escadrille ^eska'dnl {Fr eska'drirj)

escalop,

erotic I'ratik;

Erse

-az after

or

-iz

voiced sibilants s, J, t/, z, 3,

George's 'dsards-iz).

-es, -s see

erosion I'rosan

y;

(face-s

vocab.,

Eroica I'ro-ika

err

and

statement of the

|-d -id

'iras,

voiceless

unstressed vowel between -iz & -9z, see fidler

ES bmin, 'a^m-; |-d -d

Erminia y'minia; ES s'mmia, yerne, ern s^n; ES 3n, yn
Ernest 'ynist; ES 'snist, 'yErnestine /ew. waiwe 'yniSjtin; ES b-, VErnestine adj 'ynistin; ES '3-, 's'erode iVod

save-s sev-z); pron.

'kaetj-iz,

ES bman^gard,

's^man^gord;

ermine 'ymin;

Eros

espalier

152

eriking

|-'s

espalier e'spaelja';

-iz

ES

-li, -ikli

-ja(r; |-ed -d

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet JEt [sang saeg [angn,' 'aeg-gri
baG (10) |ah a |far far |watch watj, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go


ethereality

153

especial
especial a'spE/al |-ly

esthetic es'Oetik

-i, -JIi

esperance 'csparans

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

estheticism Es'OEtajSizam |-thetics -'Oetiks

-iz

|-s

-n = Estonia

Esperanto jEspa'ranto, -'raento

Esthonia es'tonia, -'Bon-

espial I'spaisl

estimable 'estamabl |-bly -bli

espionage '8spi3nid3, a^spaianids {Fr espion-

estimate n 'estamit, -^met

estimate v 'esta^met

nage espja'nais)

|-n

[-d -id |-tion

jesta'mejan

esplanade jEspla'ned

estival 'estavl, es'taivl

espouse I'spauz

estivate 'Esta^vet |-d -id |-tion jEstaVeJ"an

[-s

-iz [-d -d |-sal -1

Estmere 'Estmir; ES -mia(r, S+-mEa(r

esprit e'spri

ES

esprit de corps e'sprida'kor, -'kar;

-'ko3(r,

espy s^spai

-d

|-ied

Espy 'espi
Esquimau 'eska^mo

|-maux

-]mo,

-^moz

|-mauan jEska'moan
esquire a'skwair;

ES

ending

esp. in verse,

estovers E'stova^z;

ES

estrange a'strends

|-s

-t |-pel -j

-vaz

-iz |-d -d |-dness -idnis,

-dnis

estreat I'strit j-ed -id

estrous 'Estras,
-is,

-n

|-n

astray I'stre

3'skwai3(r; |-d -d

ess s |esses 'esiz

-ess fern,

Estonia Es'tonia

estop e'stap; ES+E'stop; |-ped

E+-'k33(r; {Fr Esprid'kair)

-as; if lightly accented,

sometimes -es.

In

the vocab.

estrum

'is-

'Estram,

-tras

|-trus

'is-

if only -IS is given, it is to be tmderstood that

estuary 'Est/ujEri

-3S and -ES are also possible.

esurient I'sjuriant, I'siur-, I'sur-

when
essay

can be found by adding

the pron.

-3S, -es to the

Often omitted
-is,

head pronunciation.

'composition'

'esi,

e'se,

tablet,

In

'ese

|-arial jEstJu'erial

et 'and' et

word terminal, as in pocket,

-et unstressed

HriaV

'esc;

comet, carpet, rivet,

when only

the vocab.

essay Hry' a'se, e'se |-ed -d

be understood that

esse 'esi

the

Essen 'esn

eta

essence 'esns

Essene

]-s

2 sg pres

ending -ist or -ast; if lightly stressed, esp.

only -ist

many

is

given,

letter 'eta, 'ita

eternal I'tynl;

In

in verse, sometimes -est.

it is to

the vocab. if

be understood that

speakers {fewer in the

b' S) also

pronounce -ast as in August bgast. For

the

vowel see also -ed.

cf shrdlu

ES

1-d

eterne I'tyn;

ES

eternize I'tynaiz;

ES

Ethel 'EOal

Ethelbald 'eOal^bald

|-ed -d

ES

Ethelberta ^Eeal'byta;

'estaCr

ether 'ie3';ES

'sta(r

I'tan-,

lUyn-;

[-s

-iz

-bat

ES

-'bsta, -'byta

'iea(r

ethereal I'Oirial

esthete 'esOit

ethereality ijOiri^aelati

ful Itooth tue [further 'fyS*;

[using 'juzig [fuse f juz,

ijtsn-,

Ethelred 'EOal^rEd jEthelwulf 'eOal^wulf

esthesia es'eisa, -31a |-thesis -'6isis

|full

ES

'i6an

Ethelbert 'eOalba^t;

Estella e'stela |Estelle e'stel

ES

-iz

l-d-d

esteem a'stim

'esta^;

|-s

lityn-

estate a'stet |-d -id

Esther

I'tsn-, I'tyn-;

I'tan, I'ts^n J-nity -ati

ethane 'eOen

|-tes' -tiz

ES

eternization ijtyna'ze/an, -ai'z-;

Ethan

Estes 'estiz

-z

-d

estaminet Fr estami'ne

ES

|-s

I'tsnl, I'tynl; |-ly -i

eternalize I'tynl^aiz;

establish a'stiebhj |-es -iz |-ed -t

ester 'esta^;

speakers {fewer in

-iz

-est unstressed superlative &' archaic

-at.

etch EtJ letches 'et/iz etched Etjt

essential a'sen/al |-ly -i |-ity ajSEn/i'aelati

|-'s

Gk

many

-it,

etc.

-it is given, it is to

also pron. -at as in pilot 'pailat.

et cetera Et'sEtara, -'sEtra

'esin, e'sin

Essex 'esiks

E b' S)

etaoin 'Etipin

-iz

|-truses

-trasiz

fmz

ES

'fstSa

[dish dij [vision

j-ly -i

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

Vi3an [Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

Etherege
Etherege 'eearidg

Euganean juga'nian, ju'geman

Eugene ju'dsin |-nia -la |-nius

-iz

|-'s

etherization jiOara'zeXan, -ai'zetherize 'iGSiraiz

ethic 'eik

Ethiop

Euterpe

154

|-s

-iz j-d

eugenic ju'dssnik

|-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

ES + -jDp

'iBiiOp;

Ethiopia jiOi'opia

|-n

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

Eugenie Fr 03e'ni
eugenism 'judsajnizam

-n

Eulalia ju'lelia, -Ija

ethmoid 'eOmaid

eulogia ju'lodsia |-giae -dsiji

|-al -1 [-ally

eulogist 'juladsist [-gy -dsi

-h, -ikli

ethnographic ^EOna'graefik

|-al

-1

1-ally

-li.

eulogistic jula'dsistik |-al

eulogize 'jula^dsaiz

-ikli

ethnologic jeOna'ladsik; ES+-'lDd5-;

|-al

-1

E-

ethyl,

Eunice 'junis

eupepsia ju'pepja, -/la

'03l, -il

euphemistic

etiology ^iti'abdsi;

ES + -'dI-

euphony

Etna,

Euphorbia,

e- 'etna

|-n

-n

etude e'tjud, e'tiud, e'tud {Fr e'tyd)

etymologic jEtama'ladsik; ES+-'lDd3-;

|-al

e- ju'farbia;

ES

-'faab-

Shak.

ju'fretiz, in

Euphues 'jufjujiz |-'s -iz

euphuism 'jufjujizam |-ist
euphuistic jufju'istik

-h, -ikh

etymologist jeta'maladsist; ES+-W10I-; ]-gy

Eurasia ju'resa, -'reja

Eureka,

-dsi

etymologize jEta'malaidsaiz; ES+-'mDl-;

|-s

-IZ |-d -d

etymon 'Eta^man, -jmnn |-s -z |-ma -ma

Euboea ju'bia |-n -n |-boic -'bo-ik
|-ic

'jufrajtiz |-tes'

]-n

1-es -iz |-ti -tai

[-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

'iuka(r; |-d -d |-ring -karig,

-kng

e- ju'rika

eurhythmic ju'riSmik |-al -1

Euripedes ju'ripajdiz |-'s -iz

|-niy

|-al -1

|-'s

j-my -mi

-iz

Euclid 'juklid |-ean ju'klidian

Eustace

eudaemon, -dam- ju'diman ]-monia judi-

Eustachian ju'stekian, -/lan, -/an

'monia
eudiometric judia'metrik

-'amata(r, -'nm-1

|-al

|-ally

-li,

|-'s

-iz

Euston 'justan

Eutaw

'juta

eutectic ju'tektik

-ikli

Eudora ju'dora,

Euterpe ju'typi;

-'dara; S -'dora

See in full 3-47.

|bath bsG;

'justis, -tas |-'s -iz

Eustis 'justis

ES

-mi

Eurydice juVidajsi
eurythmic ju'ri'Smik
Eusebius ju'sibias

eudiometer Judi'amata' ;

-ikk

-n

Europa ju'ropa
Europe 'jurap |-an jjcra'pisn
europium ju'ropiam
Eurus 'juras |-'s -iz

Eucharist 'jukarist
Eucharistic jukaVistik

-ist

|-al -1 [-ally -li,

Euroclydon juVakli^dan; ES+-'n)klijdDn

juka'liptik

eucalyptus, E- juka'hptas

Key:

|-ally

Euphronius ju'fronias |-'s -iz

Euphrosyne ju'frasaini, -'frns-

Etruscan I'trAskan

ES

-1

-tiz

Ettrick 'etnk

eucalypt 'jukajipt

]-al

'jufani |-phonious ju'fomas

Euphrates

|-tonian i'tonian

euchre 'juka^;

-li.

-h, -ikli

etiquette 'Etijkst

Etruria I'truria

|-ally

-1

|-al

euphonic ju'ftmik; ES+-'fDn-;

ethylic I'Oilik

-! l-ally

|-mist -mist

jufa'mistik

-ikh

ethylene 'eOajlin

'Itn

|-ptic -tik

Euphemia ju'fimia
euphemism 'jufajmizam

ES + -6ds

ethylate '8e3jlet j-lated -^letid

Eton

-iz

j-'s

eunuch 'junak

-ikh

ethnology eO'naladgi; ES+-'nDlethos 'iOas;

-1 |-ally -li, -ikli

-iz |-d -d

]-s

Eumenides ju'menajdiz

ethnography eG'nagrafi, -'nog|-ally -li,

-mst

|-nist

Ethiopic jiOi'apik, -'opik; ES+-'Dp-

ethnic 'EOnik

-las j-nius's

-lasiz

-d

bee bi [pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti (6)

ES

-Hspi, -Uypi

|rate ret [yet Jt |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far [watch v/atf, wotj" (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards ]go go


euthanasia

155
eventuate I'vEnt/ujCt j-ated -^etid

euthanasia JuGa'nesa, -313

euthenics ju'eeniks

|-ist

^eanist

ever 'ev3^;

Everest

euxenite 'juksajnait

ES

'Eva(r

'Evrist, 'Evarist

Euxine 'juksin, -am

Everett,

Eva

everglade, E- 'EVS'jgled;

'iv3,

'eva

ES

evergreen 'Eva^igrln;

evacuant iVaekjuant
evacuate iVaekju^et

-itt 'Evrit, 'Evarit

\-d -id

|-tion ijvaekju-

everlasting

evacuee iVaekjuji,

ijvaekju'i, -'e

(Fr eva 'kqe)

ES

jEva-'laestirj;

iEva-, E+-'last-,

evermore

ES

-'mar;

/Eva^'mor,

-'moa(r,

E+-'raaa(r

evadable, -ible iVedabl

evade iVed [evaded I'vedid

aversion i'vy/an, -san;

evaluate iVaelju^et

evert i'vyt;

|-d -id 1-tion i^vaeljij 'ej-an

ES

ES

i'v3-, i'vy-

i'vat, i'vyt; |-ed -id

every 'evo, 'Evari

'Evan

Evander iVaenda^; ES
evanesce jEva'nES

|-s

everybody

i'vaenda(r

'Evri^badi,

-badi;

-jbAdi,

everyday 'Evn'de ('every ^day

|-ent -nt

-i

Everyman

evangel iVaendsal
evangelic jivaen'dsehk, ^Evan-

-I

|-al

l-ally

'clothes)

'Evri^maen

everyone 'Evri^wAn, -wan

everything 'EvrijOig

-h, -ikli

-Jam

Evangeline iVaendsajlin, -hn,

evangelism iVaend3ajlizam
evangelize I'viendsajlaiz

evanish iVaeniJ

|-s

everywhere 'Evri^hwEr, -jhwaer;

ES

[-list -list

evangelistic ijvaendsa'hstik [-ally

-li, -ikli

'iv/am, 'ivzam,

evidently

-jliWEa(r,

loc.

+ 'i/am,

'isam

-iz |-d -t ]-dent

'Evadantli,

-dant

|-ly -i

-dEntli,

sometimes

evil ^iy], formal, esp. in church, + ^\yi\ |-ly -i.

'ivli

evaporation ijvaepaVeJan

evince I'vins

|-s

-iz |-d -t

eviscerate I'visa^ret |-rated -^retid

-iz

|-'s

evasion I'vejan |-sive -siv

evisceration ijvisa're/an

eve iv

evocable 'Evakabl |-cation jEvo'keJan

Eve

evocative I'vakatrv, I'vok-; ES+-'vok-

iv

evoke I'vok [evoked I'vokt

Eveleth 'EvaliG
Evelina jEvaUaina,
Eveline 'Evajlam,

evener

evolute n, adj, v 'Evajlut, -Jiut

-'llna

evolution ^Eva'lujan,

-lin, 'evIiii

'Evalin, 'Evlm,

even 'Ivan

Uvlm

evolve iValv, i'vdIv

|-fall -jfal

'ivna', 'ivana^;

ES

-na(r
'jus-

tice)

|-d -id

Evrju/an

|-ary

|-d

-d

Ewart 'ju3't; ES 'ju-at

ewe ju, jo The historical variant jo is still
common among sheep breeders both in England and America.

evening 'Ivnig
evenness 'ivannis

Ewen

evensong 'ivan^saoj -iSng; S+-jsag

ewer

event I'vEnt

Ewers

'jua^z, jurz;

eventide 'ivan^taid

Ewing

'juig

eventual I'vEnt/ual

-'liu-,

-jEri

evenhanded 'ivan'haendid ('even-handed

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa-;

'juin,
'jua^;

ex- prefix.

ES

-an

ES

'ju'a(r

ES

'ju-az, juaz;

|-'s

-iz

ex Eks |exes 'Eksiz

|-ly -i, I'vEnt/uli

eventuality i^vEnt/u'aelati
|full

if

emphatic jEva 'dEntli

evaporate iVaepa^ret |-rated -^retid

'Evats;

|-s

evidential ^Eva'dEnJal

evaporable iVaeparabl, -prabl

ES

Evesham

evidence 'svadans

|-es -iz |-ed -t

evaporability ijvaepara'bilati

'Eva^ts;

-jhwaeaCr

evict I'vikt |-ed -id |-ction I'vikjan

-iz |-d -d

Evans 'Evanz |-'s -iz |-ville -^vil

Evanston 'Evan-stan, 'Evanz-tan

Evelyn

ES +

-jbodi

-iz |-d -t

evanescence jEva'nesns 1-cy

Evarts

'Evajgled

-'last-; ('ever^lasting 'whip^cord)

'e/an

Evan

ES

'Evajgrin

'fstJa

When

quite unaccented, the vowel

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

exacerbate

is tisuatty i in current speech, less freq. a or

E, of the

two 9 being more likely in rapid-

In

speech of in careful.

only
or

when

the vocab.

understood that a

is given, it is to be

may

execution

156

excitatory ik'saitajton, -jtori; S -jtori

excite ik'sait |-cited -'saitid

exclaim ik'sklem |-ed -d

exclamation ^Ekskla'mejan

exclamatory ik'sklaemajton, -jton; S -jton

also occur.

exacerbate ig'zaesa^jbet, ik'saes-;

ES

-aesa-;

exclave 'eksklev

exclude ik'sklud, -'skhud

l-d -id

exacerbation

ig^zaesa^ 'be/an,

ES

ik^saes-;

|-d -id

exclusion ik'sklusan, -'skku- j-sive -siv

excogitate eks'kadsajtet;

-aes3-

exact ig'zaekt |-ed -id ]-ction -k/an

ES-t--'knd5-;

|-d

-id

ES + -jkDd3-

exactitude ig'zaektSjtjud, -^tiud, -^tud

excogitation eksjkad33HeX3n;

exactly ig'zaektli, ig'zaekk

excommunicable jekska'mjunikabl, -'miunexcommunicate ^Ekska'mjunaiket, -'miun-

exaggerate ig'zaedga^ret

|-d -id |-tive -iv

exaggeration ig^zaedsa 're/an

l-d -id

exalt ig'zalt |-ed -id |-ation jEgzal'te/an

excommunication jEkskajinjuna'keJan, -jiniun-

exam ig^zaem

excoriate ik'skorijct, -'skar-; S -^skor-; |-d -id

|-ination igjzaema'ne/an

examine ig'zaemin

|-d

E + -'zam-,

example ig'zaempl;
I

excoriation ikjskori'ejan, jekskon-, -kar; S

-d |-nee igjzaema'ni

-'zam-;

|-d

-d

-kor-

excrement 'ekskrimant

-ling -phg, -plig

exanimate adj ig'zaenamit, -^met

excremental jEkskri'mentl |-tary -tan

exanimate

excrescence ik'skresns j-cy

|-mated -^metid

v ig'zaena^met

exarch 'eksark;

ES

E+-a:k

'eksark,

excreta ek'skrita

-snt

-i |-scent

|-tal -tl

exasperate ig'zaespsjret |-reted -^retid

excrete ik'skrit l-d -id |-tion -'skrijan

exasperation ig^zaespaVefan

excretory 'Ekskrijtori,

ES

Excalibur eks'kaelaba';

ex cathedra jekska'Oidra, Eks'kaeOidra

excavate 'ekska^vet

-jtari;

-jtori

excruciate ik'skru/i,et, -'skriu- |-d -id

-b3(r

ES

|-d -id |-tor -a^;

excruciation ik,skruji'e/an, -jskriu-, -si-3(r

exculpate 'ekskAl^pet, ik'skAlpet

excavation jekskaVe/an

exculpation jEkskAl'pe/an

exceed ik'sid |-ed -id

exculpatory ik'skAlpajtori,

-jtari;

excel ik'sl [-celled -'ssld

excursion ik'sk^san, -/an;

ES

excellence 'ekslans |-cy

ES

excelsior ik'selsia^;

-i j-ent

-ant

|-d -id

-jtori

-'sks-, -'sky-;

|-sive -SIV

excursus ek'skysas;

-'selsi'3(r

except ik'sept |-ed -id |-ption -'sEp/an

ES

-'skss-, -'skys-; |-es

-IZ

exceptionable ik'sep/anabl, -/nabl |-bly -bli

excusability ikjskjuza'bilati, -jskiuz-

exceptional ik'sepjanl, -Jnal

excusable ik'skjuzabj, -'skiuz- |-bly -bli

excerpt

71

'eksypt;

excerpt v ik'sypt;

ES
ES

|-ly -i

excusatory ik'skjuzajtori, -'skiuz-,

-sspt, -sypt
-'sspt, -'ss^pt; |-ed -id

|-ption -p/an

excess ik'sES

excuse

|-es -iz |-ed -t

exchange iks't/ends

|-s

('ek^ses Vet)

-iz |-d

ik'skjus, -'skius

|-s

-iz

excuse v ik'skjuz, -'skiuz

|-s

-iz |-d

ti

Exe eks

-d

|-'s

execrable 'eksikrabl |-bly -bli

exchangeable iks't/endjabl

execrate 'eksiikret |-crated -^kretid

exchequer iks't/eka', 'Ekstjeka^;

excise

n ik'saiz

excise v ik'saiz

('exjcise 'duty)
|-s -iz ]-d

-d

ES

-k3(r

-d

-iz

exchangeability iksjt/endja'bilati
|-bly -bli

-jtari;

-itori

execration jks-i'kre/an

execratory 'eksikrajtori,

-jtari,

-jkretari;

-jtori, -jkretari

excision ik'sisan

executable 'eksijkjutabl, -jkiut-, ig'zekjutabl

excitability ikjsaita'bilab

executant ig'ztkjutant

excitable ik'saitabl

execute 'Eksijkjut, -jkiut

excitation jEksai'te/an

execution jEksi'kju/an, -'kiu-

Key:

bee bi [pity 'prti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg langr}' 'aeg-gri
baG (10) |ah a [far far |watch watj, wntj (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

|-d -id

expiatory

157

executive
executive ig'zEkjutiv

exonerate ig'zana^ret; ES+-'zDn-;

executor 'performer^ 'eksijkjuta', -^kiu-, law

exorable 'Eksarabl

ig'zekjata^;

ES

-itari;

executrix ig'zEkjatriks

|-es

exorcise, -ze 'Eksar^saiz;

-jtori

\L pi -trices

-iz

|-d

exemplar ig'zgmpla^;

-'zsmplaCr; |-y

exoteric ^Eksa'tEtik

exemplify ig'zEmpla^fai

expand ik'spaend

|-fied -jfaid

ES

exequy 'tksikwi

-kwiz

|-quies

exercise 'eksa^^saiz;

ES

igWt; ES

-'zst,

Exeter 'eksita^;

-ikh

|-ally -li, -ikli

-iz |-sion -/an |-sive -iv

|-s

expansile ik'spaensl, -sil

'eksa-;

|-s

-iz |-d -d

ES -jzs-, -jzy-Wt; |-ed -id

ES -'zs/-,
ES 'eksitaCr

|-tal -tl

expansible ik'spaensabl |-bly -bli

-'kweta(r

exertion ig'zy/an;

ex parte Eks 'parti;

ES

E+-'pa:tr

-'pa:ti,

expatiate ik'speji^et |-d -id

expatiation ikjspeji'e/an
expatriate adj Eks'petriit, -^et

-'zy/-

expatriate v Eks^petri^et |-d -id

exeunt 'eksiant, 'eksi^Ant

expatriation Eksjpetri'ejan, ^Ekspetri-

exhalant Eks'helant, ig'zelant

expect ik'spEkt |-ed -id

exhalation jeksa'le/an, jEgza-

expectance ik'spEktans |-cy

exhale Eks'hel, ig'zel

expectation jEkspEk'te/an

exhaust ig'zast

|-d

-z

|-s

expansibility ik^spaensa'bilati

-p/an

exercitation ig,zysi'tej3n;

exert

-iz

|-ed -id

expanse ik'spaens

exempli gratia ig'ztmplai'gre/ia

exequatur jeksi'kweta^;

j-s

-aad-;

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

ES + -'zDt-;

exotic ig'zatik;

|-ed -id |-ption

ES

ik's-;

exoskeleton ^ekso'skElatn

-i

exemplification igjzemplafa'kejan

exempt ig'zempt

'eksaa-;

|-ia -la

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

ES

-'zaab-; |-nt -nt

-d |-cism -jSizam

exordium ig'zardiam,

igjZEkja'traisiz

exegesis ^eksa'dsisis |-geses -'dsisiz

exegetic ^eksa'dsEtik

ES
ES

exorbitance ig'zarbatans;

-t3(r

executory ig'zekjojtori,

|-d -id

-d

|-ed -id |-ion -st/an ]-ive -iv

-i

|-ant -ant

expectorant ik'spsktarant
expectorate ik'spEkta^ret -rated -^retid

exhibit ig'zibit |-ed -id

exhibition jEksa'bi/an ]-ism -jizam

|-ist -ist

expectoration ik^spEkta 're/an

exhibitive ig'zibitiv

expedience ik'spidians j-cy

exhibitory ig'zibajtori, -jtari; S -^tori

expedite 'kspi;dait |-dited -jdaitid

-ant

-i |-ent

exhilarate ig'zil3,ret |-d -id |-rant -rant

expedition jEkspi'di/an |-ary -^eri |-tious -Jas

exhilaration ig^zila 're/an

expel ik'spEl |-led -d ]-lant, -lent -ant

exhort ig'zart;

ES

expend ik'spEnd

-'zaat; |-ed -id

exhortation jEgza^'teJan, jcksa^-, -ar^e/an;

ES

jEgza-, jEksa-, -aa'te/an

-i

|-d

-d

|-gent -dsant

exiguity jEksa'gjuati, -'giu-

expense ik'spsns
experience

j-s

-iz |-sive -iv

ik'spirians;

S+-'spEr-;

|-s

-iz

experiential ik^spiri^En/al; S+-^spEr-; |-ly

-i

experiment ik'spEramant

'Egzail, 'Eksail

exile V 'Egzail, 'sksail,

-t/aCr,

l-d-t

exiguous ig'zigjuas, ik'sigexile

ES

-it/ua(r

exhume ig'zjum, ik'sjum, -lum, -um

exigence 'sksadsans |-cy

|-ed -id

expenditure ik'spEndit/y, -jt/ur;

igWil

|-d

experimental ikjSpEra'mEntI, jEkspEra-

-d

exist ig'zist |-ed -id |-ence -ans |-ent -ant

|-ism -jizam

|-ly -i

|-ist -ist

exit 'Egzit, ^Eksit |-ed -id

experimentation ikjSpEramEn'te/an, -man-

ex

expert n ^Ekspyt;

libris eks'laibris

Exmoor 'Eks^mur; ES -jmua(r

Exmouth 'EksjinauO, 'EksmaG
exodontia jfksa 'dan/a,
exodus, E- 'Eksadas

ex

-Jia;

('ex^pert

ES+-'dDn-

|full

-spat, -spyt

ES

-pst, -pyt

'workman)

expert v ik'spyt;

ES

-'spst, -'spyt; j-ed -id

expiable' 'skspiabl

|-es -iz

expiate 'Ekspi^et |-d -id |-tion jEkspi'e/an

officio /Eksa'fi/ijO

exogamy Eks'agami,

ES

expert adj ik'spyt, ^Ekspyt;

expiatory 'Ekspiajtori,

-^ng-

ful |tooth tue [further

'fs^tJa^;

ES

'fstJa

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision

-jtari;

-jtori

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how bau [toy

Visan [Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


expiration

exterminable

158

expiration ^ekspa 're/an

expiratory ik'spairajtori,

ES

expire ik'spair;

express ik'spres
-jtDri;

|-es -iz |-ed -t |-ive -iv

expressible ik'spresabl |-bly -bli

-jtori

-'spai3(r; [-d -d

expression ik'spr2/an |-ism -yizam

expiry ik^spairi, 'ekspan

|-ist -ist

expressionistic ik/sprejan'istik

explain ik'splen [-ed -d

expressman ik'spresman |-men -man

explanation jekspla'nejan

expropriate eks'proprijet |-d -id

explanatory ik'splaenajtori,

-^tari;

S -jtori

expropriation eksjpropn'e/an, jekspropri-

expletive 'eksplitiv

expulsion ik'spAlJan |-sive -siv

explicable 'eksphkabl, lessfreq. ik'sphkabj

expunction ik'spAgk/an

expunge ik'spAndj

cf inexplicable

-iz ]-d -d

|-s

explicate 'eksplijket |-d -id |-tive -iv

expurgate cdj 'ekspa^git, -jget;

explication jeksph'ke/an

expurgate

explicatory

'Eksplikajtori,

-jtari;

-/ton;

expurgatory

explode ik'splod

^ekspa-

exsect ek'sekt |-ed -id

exsert ek'syt;

exploration jEkspb're/an, -splo-

ex-service 'eks'syvis;

-'spbra/tari;

ik'splor3/tori,

ES

-'sst, -'syt; |-ed -id

ES

-'s3v-, -'syv-

exsiccate 'eksi^ket |-d -id

exsufflicate adj Eks'sAfli^ket, -kit

ik'splorajtori

explore ik'splor, -'spbr;

ES

E+

ik'splo3(r,

extant ik'staent, 'ekstant

extemporal ik'stEinparal

-'spb3(r; |-d -d

|-ly -i

explosion ik'splosan |-sive -siv

extemporaneity ikjStempara'niati

exponent ik'sponant

extemporaneous ikjStEmpa'renias
extemporary ik'stempajren |-rarily

exponential jEkspo'nenXal

|-ly -i

ES -peat, E + -p33t
-V^rt; ES iks'poat, E +

extempore ik'stEmpan,

ace/ + 'export, esp. in con-

extemporize ik'stEmpa^raiz

export n 'eksport, -part;

export V iks^ort,
-'paat; |-ed -id

import

if

ES

-poa-.

E+-paa-

-^ri

-iz |-d -d

[-s

extensibility ikjstEnsa'bilati

extensible ik'stEnsabl

expose ik'spoz

|-s

-iz

|-d

-d |-dness -idnis.

extensile ik'stEnsl, -sil

ES

extensimeter iEkstEn'simata^;

-dnis

extensometer jEkstEn'samata'

exposition jekspa'zi/an
expositor ik'spazita^;
|-tory -jtori, -/tan;

ES ik'spazita(r,

extensor ik'stEnsa^,

S -/ton

expostulate ik'spastjajet;

as

ES + -'spDS-;

|-d

ES + -/SpDS-

ik'spast/alajton,

-jtari;

ES+-'spDS-

ES

|-ed -id

extenuatory ik'stEnjuajton,

exterminable

bee bi Ipity

baO (10) |ah a

-sa(r.

[far

ES

-^tari-;

-jtori

-'stin-aCr
|-s

-iz |-d -d

ik'styminabl;

ES

-'stsm-.

-'stym-

ex-president 'eks'prezadant, -'prezdant

ES

|-d -id |-tive -iv

exteriorize ik'stiria^raiz

-'spo3a(r

See in full 3^7.

-sar;

extenuation ik^stEnju'e/an

exterior ik'stiri3';

expound ik'spaund

extent ik'stEnt

extenuate ik'stniu,et

exposure ik'spo3a';

ES -'samata(r.

-saa(r

-id

expostulation ik/spast/a'lefan;

-'sDm-

-'spoz-;

ex post facto 'eks/post'faekto

expostulatory

-'simatacr

extension ik'stEnJan |-sive -siv

expose jskspo'ze

|bath baeO;

-rail, esp.

emph. ikjStempa'rErali

extend ik'stEnd |-ed -id

v.

exportation /ekspor'tejan, -par-;

Key:

ik-

exscind Ek'sind |-ed -id

exploitation jEkspbi'teJan

-/ton,

ES

-;tari;

E + -jtari

exploit V ik'spbit |-ed -id

trast to

ES

exquisite 'ekskwizit, less Jreq. ik'skwizit

|-d -id

'eksplait, ik'spbit

exploratory

ES

ik'spygajton,

'spsgajton, -'spy-,

explicit 'precise' ik'splisit

exploit

-pa-

'ekspa-, -'sp3-, -'spy-; |-d -id

expurgation iEkspa^'ge/an;

Brii 'eksphjketari, iks'phkatari, -tn

explicit 'here etids' 'ekspbsit

ES

ik'spyget;

'ekspa^jget,

'piti (6)

|rate ret |yet JEt |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa Igorge gards |go go

exterminate
exterminate
-'stym-;

ES

ik'stymSinet;
-^;

|-d -id |-tor

ES

-'stsm-.

ES

-jstsm-.

ES

external ik'stynl;

-'stanl, -'stynl; |-Iy -i

externality ^Eksta^'naebti;

ES

-'tor-;

extricate 'Ekstrijket |-cated -jketid

extrication jEkstri'ke/an

l-ly -I

exterritoriality Eks^terajtori'aelati, ^ekstera-,

|-es -iz |-ed -t

extirpate

ik'stypet;

'eksta^^pet,

ES

-sta-.

ES

ES

ES
ES

exuberance ig'zjubarans,

-'staat; |-ed -id

ES

-'staajan; |-ary -jsri

-iVat, -jvyt
-'vst, -'yyt; ]-ed

|-d -id

-'ziu-, -'zu- |-cy -i

|-ant -ant

exude ig'zjud, -'ziud, -'zud, ik'sjud, -'siud.

'Ekstri is often heard from edu-

cated speakers,

esp.

before

a vowel (extra

-'sud |-d -id [exudation ^Eksju'de/an

exult ig'zAlt |-ed -id |-ant -nt

exultation jEgzAl'teJan, jEksAl-

allowance).

-ey ending see -y

'ekstraekt

extract v ik'straekt |-ed -id j-ction -kjan

eyas 'aias

extractable, -ible ik'straektabl

Eyck, van vaen'aik

extracurricular jEkstraka'rikjala^;

ES

[-es -iz

eye ai |eyed aid

-la(r

j-ful -^ful [-fuls -jfulz

extraditable 'ekstrajdaitabl

eyeglass 'ai^glaes; E+-jglas, -jglas;

extradite 'ekstra^dait |-dited -jdaitid

eyehole 'ai;hol

extradition jEkstra'di/an

eyelash

extrados ek'stredas;

ES + -dDs;

eyelet

-i

'aijlaej |-es -iz

'ailit |-ed

-id

]-lid 'aijlid

eye-minded 'ai'maindid ('eye-^minded 'man)

-i

extramarital jEkstra'maeratl

ES -na(r
ES -iSsv-, -jSS'vES -^ssv-, -jsyv-

eye-opener 'aijopana^, -^opna^;

|-ly -i

extramundane jEkstra'mAnden

eyeservant 'aijsa^vant;

extramural jEkstra'mjural, -'nuu-

eyeservice 'ai^syvis;

j-ly -i

extraneous ik'strenias

eyeshot 'ai^/at; ES+-^jDt

extraofEcial ;kstria'fiXal, jEkstra'a'fi/al

eyesight 'aijSait

extraordinarily ik'strardn^Erah, esp. if emph.

ikjStrardn'Erali ;

ES

-aadn-

ES

-aadn-

jEkstra^tEra 'tonal,

-'tar-;

extraterritoriality jEkstra^terajton'ielati, -jtar-;

-jtor-

extravagance ik'straevagans |-cy

-i |-ant

-ant

extravaganza ik^straeva'gaenza
extravert n 'Ekstra^vyt;
|full

ES

-jSoa(r,

ES

E+-jSaa(r

eyetooth

'ai'tuO, -jtuO |-teeth -'tie, -itie

eyewash

'aijwa/, -jwaj", -jwof |-es -iz

eyewater

eyne

'eyes'

eyre,

E-

-ta(r

[-es -iz [-ed -t

ain

Er, aer;

E a(r, ES

aea(r

eyrie, -ry 'sri, 'sen, 'iri; S 'aeri, 'in

Ezekiel I'zikial, -kjal

Ezra

-iVat, -^vyt

ful [tooth tue [further 'fy'Sa';

ES

'aijwata^, -jwata^, -,wotdf-;

eyewitness 'ai'witnis, -jWit-

-'tor-; l-ly -i

eyesore 'aijsor, -^sar;

eyestrain 'aijstren

extraordinary ik'strardnjeri, envoy ^Ekstra'ardnjEn, -tri-;

|-es -iz

eyeless 'aihs

|-es -iz

extrajudicial jekstradsu'difal, -dsiu- |-ly

extralegal jEkstra'IIgl |-ly

extra territorial

-'v3-.

extrusion ik'strusan, -'striu- |-sive -siv

extortion ik'starjan;

'Ekstrojvyt;

extrude ik'strud, -'stnud

ik'stal, -'stol, -'stol |-(l)ed -d

ES

-id

^eksta-

Exton 'ekstan

l-ate -It

extrovert

extrovert v jEkstro'vs't;

extirpation jeksta-'pe/an;

-li, -ikli

-'straas

-'vy-

-'sts-, -'sty-; |-d -id

extra 'ekstra

ES

extroversion jEkstro'vsJ'an, -'vs^s-;

extinguish ik'stiggwij

extort ik 'start;

extrinsic Ek'strinsik j-al -1 |-ally

extrorse Ek'strars;

-jtor-

extinct ik'stigkt |-ction -'stigk/an

extract

|-ist -ist

extremity ik'strEinati
extricable 'Ekstrikabl j-bly -bli

/eksta-

exterritorial jskstera'torial, -'tar-;

-11

-'vat, -'vyt; |-ed

extreme ik'strim (the 'ex^treme 'verge)

extremism ik'strimizam

-jstym-

extol,

ES

extravert v jEkstra'vyt;
-id

-3(r

extermination ikjstyma'ne/an;

-it3r-;

Ezra

159

ES

'Ezra

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision

Visan [Eden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

160

F,

f letter

fag faeg [fagged faegd

ef \pl F's, Fs, poss F's efs

Fagin 'fegin

fa music fa

Faber Eng name

Ger name 'faba^;

'feba',

ES

Fabius 'febias

|-'s

ES

-ba(r, -bra; {Fr fabr)

fabricate 'faebri^ket |-d -id |-tor

-3';

faineant 'feniant, -njant {Fr fene'a)

faint fent [fainted 'fentid

ES

fair fer, faer;

ES

'febian
]-d -id

E fa(r, ES faea(r;

[-ed -d |-er -a-;

'faer-;

ES

'fsa-,

Fair Haven, Fairhaven 'fEr'hevan,

facetiae fa'si/iji

'fea-,

ES

f air-lead 'ferilid, 'faer-;

facial 'fefal |-ly -i

f air-minded

ES

'fsa-,

'faea-, -,paat;

facilitate fa'sila^tet |-tated -jtetid

'fsa-,

-jpart;

'fea^poat,

'faer-,

Fairview 'ftr^vju,

facing 'fesig
facsimile faek'simah, -'simaji

|-s

-z

f airway

Fairweather 'fer^weSa^,

ES

factitious faek'ti/as

'fEt^we, 'faer-;

|-ed

-d

j-ing

'faektarig, 'faektng

'fea-,

ES

'fea-,

ES

ES

'feajwecJaCr,

'faeri,

'fen; [-land

see note at faerie

accompli Fr fetako'pli

faith feO [-ths -Os [-ful -fal [-fully -fab

Faiyum fai'jum

'faektri, 'faektari

factotum faek'totam

fake fek [faked fekt [faker 'feka^;

factual 'faekt/ual |-ly -i

fakir fa'kir, 'feka^;

ES

Falangist fa'laendsist

faculty 'faeklti

falchion 'faltjan, 'fal/an

'faedij"

falcon 'falkan, esp.

faddist 'faedist

ES

among falconers 'fakan

fade fed faded 'fedid

Falconbridge 'fakan^brids, 'falkan-

faeces 'fisiz

Falconer

'feari,

'fen

'fsri,

Some

'f:n,

'faeri;

speakers distin-

'fakna^, 'falkana^;

ES

see folderol

Falernian fa'lynian,

fae-;

ES

ES

Falkirk 'falkyk, 'fak-;

E.

Falkland 'fakland, 'falkland

^faeroz, 'feroz;

Fafnir 'favnir,

'faf-, -na^;

Key:

See in full 3~A7.

[bath baeO;

ES

'faeroz, 'feroz

-nia(r, -na(r

Falkner 'fakna^;

ES

|-'s

-iz

-na(r

falderal 'faelda^rael

guish faerie bf fairy //'om ferry hy a longer

Faeroes 'fsroz,

'feka(r

fa'kia(r, 'feka(r

facultative 'faekl,tetiv

fad faed faddish

'faea-

'fa-

-jlaend
fait

factorial faek'torial, -'tarial; S -'tonal

'fea-,

'faer-;

fairy 'fen, 'fe:ri, 'fan;

factitive 'faektativ
'faekta(r;

-jviu;

'faer-,

fact faekt jfacts faekts, faeks

ES

'faea-

faction 'faekjan |-tious -/as

'faekta^;

'faer-;

'man)

'faea-; ('fair-^spoken

facility fa'silati

F-

ES

S 'faeajpoat

fair-spoken 'fer'spokan,

facilitation fajSila'te/an

'faeri,

'faea-

'faer-;

'fer'maindid,

Fairport 'fer^port,

facilely 'faesli, -sib, -sih, -siUi

-ry,

'faea-

facile 'faesl, -sil

'feari,

'faer-;

'faea-

facetious fa'sijas

faerie,

'faea-;

[-fax's -;faeksiz

facet 'faesit |-ed -id

E+

-a(r

Fairfax 'fer^faeks,

{Fr fa'sad)

face fes [faces 'fesiz jfaced fest

factory

-'ha:tid,

-'ha:t-; ('faint-hearted 'hero)

fabulous 'faebjalas

factor

ES

fainthearted 'fent'hartid;

-a(r

Fabrikoid 'faebri^kaid

fagade fa'sad, fae'sad

-ja(r

fain fen

fabric 'ffebrik |-ation jfaebri'kejan

Fabyan

ES

fail fel [failed feld ]-ure -ja^;

-iz

'faba^, 'fabra;

'faeraiijhait, 'faran-

faience fai'ans, fe'ans {Fr fa'ja:s)

|-ist -ist

fable 'febl |-d -d |-ling 'feblig, -blig

fagot, fagg- 'faegat [-ed -id

Fahrenheit

-b3(r

Fabian 'febian |-ism -jizam

Fabre

fall

-'Isn-, -'lyn-

-ksk, -ka-k

'fakna(r

fall fal [fell fel [fallen 'falan, fain

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang steg [angry 'aeg-gn
baO (10) |ah a [far far [watch wat/, wotj" (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

fallacy

Farrer

161

Words below
Words below

fantasm 'faentaezam

fallibility ^faeb'bibti

fantastic faen'taestik

'f^bbl |falKbly 'f^labh

Falloden 'faebdn
Fallopian fa'Iopian,
f allow 'faelo, 'faela

|-al -1 |-ally -Ii, -ikli

fantasy

'faentasi, 'faentazi |-ied

far far;

ES

Faraday,

fae-

faraway

'faelmae

falsehearted

f- 'faeradi, 'faera^de

adj,

farce fars;

'fals'hartid;

ES

'fals'haitid;

('falsejhearted 'knave)

ES

'far a 'we ('farajway 'look)

fa:s;

fardle 'fardi;

ES

fare fsr, faer;

farewell intj 'fsr'wEl,

falsification ^folsafa'ke/an

farewell

ES

fea(r,

E+-staf, -staf

'faltaCr; |-ed

jfer'wEl, jfaer-;

far-flung 'far'fkg;

Mtarig

-d |-ing

ES

'fa:-;

('far-fetched

ES

'faz'fUg

ES

far-forth 'far^fore, -.farO;

'fai^foaG,

fame fem |famed femd |famous 'femas

familiar fa'milja^;

ES

Fargo 'forgo;

fa^milji'serati,

fajnuli'aerati,

ES

'fa:go

Faribault 'fera^bo, 'faerajbo; S 'faerajbo

fa'nuljaCr
fa-

farina fa'rina, -'raina |-naceous jfaera'nejas

farinose 'faerajnos

jnul'jaerati

familiarize fa'miljajraiz

|-s

farm farm; ES fa:m;

-iz j-d -d

farmer-general

family 'faemli, 'faemali

ES

'faeinin

famish 'faemi/ famishes 'faemijiz

]

j-ed -t

fan faen fanned faend

fanatic fa'naetik

'fa:raa-

ES

farmhouse 'farm^haus;

'farm^haus;

|-al -1 [-ally -li,

farmistead 'farm^stEd;

-ikh

ES

fanciful 'faensifal j-ly -i

Fame

fancy

Farnham 'farnam; ES

fancied 'faensid

Islands 'farn'ailandz, -anz;

faro 'fEro, 'faero; S 'faero

fandango faen'daeggo

Faroe

fane fen

Faroese

-ifeaCr,

ES

-jfaeaCr

fanfaron 'faenfa^ran; ES+-jrDn

'fEro, 'faero, 'fero

jfEto'iz, jfaer-, ^fer-

Farquhar 'farkwa^, -kwar,

farrago fa 'r ego, fa'rago

fang faeg jfanged ffegd

Farragut

fangle 'faeggl |fangled 'faeggld

Farrand 'faerand

fanlight 'faen^lait |-ed -id

Farrar

ES

ES

'faenaCr

'fa:kwa(r.

'faera^;

ES

'faera(r;

far-reaching 'far'ritjig;
Farrell 'faeral

fantasia faen'tesia, -53, -zia {It ;fanta'zi:a)

Farrer

ES

'fatJa

Geraldine fa'rar;

fa'ra:(r

fan-tan 'faen/aen

ful [tooth tu0 [further 'fytJa^;

ES

'faeragat, 'faera^gAt

fantail 'faen/el |fantailed 'faen^teld

[full

-ka^;

-kwa:(r, -ka(r

fanfaronade ifaenfara'ned, -faera-

'faena^;

'fa:n-

far-ofE n, adj 'far'af, -'nf ('far-^off 'look)

'faenl, 'faenjal, -jual, older 'fAnl

-jfar;

ES

'fa:n-

fancy-free 'faensi'fri ('fancy-^free 'maiden)

fanfare 'faen^fer,

[-ses

'farm^stEd

farmyard 'farmjard; ES 'faimjaid

-a(r

-'dsenral;

fanaticism fa'naetajSizam

'faensi

ES

[-ed -d J-er -9-;

'farma^'djenaral,

-ZIZ

fanner

E+

-;faa6; acct varies

'faltrig

Faneuil

-d

ES see fare
ES see fare; ('fare-

'pun)

Falstaffian fol'staefian; E+-'staf-, -'staf-

ES

faea(r; |-ed

'faer-;

farfetched 'for'fEt/t;

falsity 'fDlsati
FalstafiE 'falstaef;

-ikh

jwell 'speech)

falsify 'falsajfai Ifalsified 'fols3jfaid

famine

'fa:sikl; |-ly -i,

'fa:dl

falsehood 'fals-hud

-iz |-d -t

|-s

ES

farcical 'farsikl;

falsetto farseto, -'seta

familiarity

-d

fa:(r

faradic fa'raedik, fae'raedik

|-ed -d |-ing 'faelawig

false fals |falsed fDlst

falter 'folta-;

('kn, 9'f)

with a (fa:m)

farad 'faerad, 'faeraed

Fallon 'faelan

Falmouth

are often pronounced in

fallacy 'faelasi [-lacious fa'lefas

fallible

N with e

that have ae before r (carry 'kri) are often pronounced in

in which a before r (farm) is sounded

'faera^;

ES

ES

'fai'ritjig

'faera(r

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Words below
Words below

in which a before r (farm) is sounded

ES

ES

fa:s;

ES 'far'siig
ES 'far'saitid

farseeing 'far'siig;

'far'Sa^;

fauces

'fasiz

faucet

'fasit, occas. 'faesit, 'fasit

ES

'fartJaCr;

ES
ES

'fartSist

faugh

'fa:3ig

Faulconbridge 'fakan^bnds, 'falkan-

|-most -^most,

Faucit

-mast
farthest 'fartJist;

farthing 'fartJig;

ES

farthingale 'fartJig^gel;

fasces 'faeslz

E with a

'fasit

fa, pf,

Faulkner

'faitJig/gel

and

variotis

'fakna^;

ES

pufs of breath
|-'s

'falti

faultfinding 'falt^faindig

faun fan [fauna 'fana

fascicle 'faesikl [fasicled 'faesikld

-a^;

ES

Fauntleroy 'fantb^rai,

-3(r

ES

^fnnt-, ^fant-

fascination jfaesn'e/an

Fauquier

fascine fae'sln, fa'sin |-d -d

fascis 'faesis \pl fasces 'faesiz

Faust faust [Faustian 'faustian, 'fasFaustus 'fastas [Faustus's 'fastasiz

Fascism 'faef^izam

faux pas 'fo'pa

|-ist -ist

-li,

fa'kir;

Faversham

Fascis ti fa'/isti, fae'/isti {It fa'Jisti)

Fascistic fa'/istik |-ally

favor

-ikh

-'kia(r, S-i--'ka(r

\pl -'paz

'faevaj'am;

'feva^;

ES

{Fr pi -'pa)

ES

'faeva-

'feva(r; [-ed -d |-ing 'fevrig.

'fevang [-able 'fevrabl, 'fevarabl [-bly -bli

fashion 'faejan |-ed -d |-ing 'faeXanig, 'faejnig

fashionable 'faejnabl, 'faejanabl |-bly -bli

favorite 'fevrit, 'fevarit [-tism -jizam

Fashoda fa'/oda

Fawcett

fast fast;

E+fast, fast;

|-ed -id

E + 'fasn,

fasten 'faesn;

|-ed -d

'fasn;

|-ing

-smg, -snig

fai'al

Fa3aim fai'jum

fast

faze fez [fazes 'feziz [fazed fezd

Fastolf, -e 'faestalf, -tnlf

fat faet

fatted 'faetid

feal Hiirf

fataHstic ^fetl'istik |-ally

fealty

-li, -ikli

father 'fa3;

ES

atamar'gana ;
-Sa(r,

ES -maa'gana

E + 'fatJ-;

fathers-in-law

ES

fearnought
ifjea-

fia(r, S-i-feaCr, fjia(r, fJa(r; [-ful

'fir^nat;

fearsome 'firsam;

ES

'fatJa^zn^b;

'faSazinib, 'fatJaznJa, E-f-'fatJ-

fathom

'fa-

ES

ES

'fiasam, S+'fea-,

feasance 'fizns

'faetiam |fathomed 'faeSamd

feasible 'fizabl [-bly

-bh

feast fist [feasted 'fistid

fatigate 'faetijget |fatigated 'faeti^getid

feat

fatigue fa'tig [fatigued fa'tigd

feather

fatHng

'faetima, 'fatima

See in full 3-47.

'fetSa^;

ES

'fetJaCr;

|-ed

-d

|-ing

ES 'fe'Sa-; [-ed -d
ES 'fe'Sa-; [-ed -id

featherbrain 'fetia^jbren;

'faetlig

[bath baeO;

fit

'fetSang, 'feSrig

fatten 'faetn |-ed -d [-ing 'faetnig, ^faetnig

Key:

'fjia-.

feasibility jfiza'bibti

fatigable 'fietigabl

Fatima

'fia-, S-i-'fea-, 'fjia-.

'fjea-

'fatJa-, E-t-'fatJa-

'fatSa^zm^b,

ES

-fal [fully -fah, -fh

ES

E + 'fatJ-

fatherland 'fatJa^Jaend;

fil

|-hood -jhud

father-in-law 'faSarin^b, 'fatJa^n^b;

(Jarinja, 'faSan^b,

prop-

'fialti, 'fllti

fear fir;

fatality fe'taelati, fa'taelati, fi'taelati

'f

less

erly spelt f eaze

fatal 'fetl |-ly -i |-ism -jizam |-ist -ist

Fata Morgana

['faksiz

Fayal

E see

'fasit

Fawkes faks [Fawkes's

fawn fan [fawned fand
fay

fastidious faes'tidias, -djas

fastness 'faestnis |-es -iz;

-iz

'fakna(r

fault fait [faulted 'faltid [faulty

pi of fascis 'fajsis

fasciate 'fae/ijet ifasciated 'faejijctid

fascinate 'faesn^et |-d -id |-tor

(farm)

'faeti

fat-witted 'faet'witid ('fat-jwitted 'Falstaff)

farsighted 'far'saitid;
farther

with e ('ken, 94)

pronounced in

fatuous 'faetjuas

-iz |-d -t

|-s

often

fatuitous fa'tjuatas, -'tiu-, -'tu- |-ity -ati

-a [-ed -d |-ing 'faerawig

'fasro,

farse fars;

a are

fattish 'faeti/ [fatty

'faeri-aCr; |-y -i

pronounced in

thai have ae before r (carry 'kaeri) are often

farrier 'faeria^;

farrow

featherhead

162

farrier

bee bi [pity

baG (10) [ah a

[far

featherhead 'feSa^^htd;

'piti (6)

[rate ret [yet ]zt [sang saeg |angr}' 'aeg-gri

far [watch wat/,

wotj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gardj |go go


featherstitch
featherstitch

ES

'fetJa'.stitJ;

'fetJa-;

|-es -iz

featherweight 'fetJa^^wet;
feathery

feaze

feU n,

V,

adj

|felled ffild

fellah 'fEla \Arab pi -ahin, -aheen jfEla'hin

l-ed -t'

feature

Ferdinand

163

ES

'fit/a-;

ES

fellow 'fslo,

faze

'feeze' fiz |-s -iz 1-d -d, cf

|-s

OE

comes from the

'fEbjujEri,

due

to

-an

dissimilation

adv

Loss of

felly

and

felon 'fElan |-y

the

mainly

Felloe,

f elga

cf felly.

Am

Felly,

and

|-lonious fa'lonias, fs-

-i

felspar 'fEl^spar;

feckless 'fEkks

felt past r

ES

felted

felt n, V fElt

fecund 'fiksnd,

felucca fa'kka, fE-

-And

-jspa:(r,

E+-jspa:(r

pptc of feel fElt

feculence 'fEkjubns |-lent -lant

'ffiltid

female 'fimel

|-d -id

federal, F- 'fEdaral, 'fsdral |-Iy -i j-ist -ist

feme fm
feme covert 'fEm'kAva^t; ES -'kAvat
feme sole 'fEm'sol
feminacy 'fEmanasi j-neity jfEma'niati

federahze 'fsdaral^aiz, 'fEdral-

feminie 'fEmani

fecundity fi'kAndati
fed fEd

federacy 'fEdarasi

|-s

Brit,

dative sg felge; cf felloe.

'cruelly' 'fElli, 'fEli

feces 'fisiz

fecundate 'fikanjdet, 'fsk-

pi

felsite 'fElsait

influence of 'dsaenjujEri {121).

'fEk-,

OE

|-ed -d |-ship -^/ip

'ffila

felly 'wheel rim' ^ieh

-iz

febrile 'fibral, 'feb-

r in 'fEbjujEri is

the

-ga(r

-a

^iz\o,

from

Brit, comes

'fitjad; |-d -d

February 'februjEn,

'wheel rim'

felloe

febrifuge 'febrijfjuds, -jfiuds

ES

fellmonger 'fEl^mAgga^;

'fe'Sa-

'fEtJari, 'fEtJri

-iz j-d

-d

federate n, adj 'fEdarit, 'fsdrit

feminine 'fEmanin |feminineness 'fEmamnnis

federate, v 'fEda^ret |-d -id

femininity jfEma'ninati

federation jfEda 're/an

feminism 'fEma^nizam

fedora, F- fi'dora, -'dara; S -'dora

femme de chambre Fr famda'Jarbr

fee

fi

femoral 'fEinaral

\past &= pptc feed fid

feeble ^fibl 1-bly

-bh

|-bler -bla-;

ES

-bla(r;

femur

'fima^;

ES

-ina(r;

]-$

-z j-mora 'fEmara

fen f En

-bhst

|-blest

|-nist -nist

feeble-minded ^fibrmamdid ('feeble-jminded

'man)

fence fEns

|-s -iz |-d -t

fencible 'fEnsabl

feed past &" pptc of fee fid

fend ffind |fended 'fEndid

feed V fid |fed fEd

Fenelon 'fEnljon, -jon {Fr fen'lo)

Fenian

feedback 'fidjbaek
feel fil Ifelt

ES

fia(r,

fenny

fit

'fEna^mor,

feign fen feigned fend |-edly -idh

fenugreek 'fEnjujgrik

feod fjud, fiud

feint fent feinted 'fentid

|

'fEld^spar,

'IeI-;

ES

-iSpa:(r,

E+

feodaUty

ES

-jmoa(r.

|-al -1

|-ary

-an

fju'daelati, fiu-

feoff fEf, fif l-ed -t

-jSpa:(r

fif 4

Felicia fa'li/ia, -Ja

feoffee fEf 'i,

felicitate fa'hsajtet |-tated -^tetid

feoffor 'fEfa',

felicitation fajlisa'te/an

feracious faVe/as, fe-

felicity faUisati |-tous -tas

feral 'firal

'fifa^;

Ferber 'fyba-;

feline 'filain
|-'s

fer-de-lance

-iz

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

Fr

ES

ES

ES

an

-a(r; (fEf^i

fEf'ar)

'fabaCr, 'fyba(r

fErda'lars

Ferdinand 'fydn^aend;

past of fall f eI

[full

-^mar;

'fEiu

Fenton 'fEntan

fell

-a(r

E+-jraaa(r

feeze fiz feezes 'fiziz [-d -d

Felix 'filiks

ES

-njan |-ism -jizam

'finian,

Fennimore

S+fEa(r

fee-simple 'fi'simpl

feldspar

-a<-;

fennel 'fEnl

IeU

feere 'mate' arch, fir;

feet

j-er

ES

'fsd-, 'fyd-

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

164

fere
fere ^mate' arch, fir;

ES

S+fE3(r

fi3(r,

fetid 'fetid, 'fitid

feretory 'ferajton, -jtari; S -^tori

ES

Ferguson, -sson 'fygasn;

fiddler

fetish, -ich 'fiti/, 'fetij |-ed -t

ES+->k;

fetlock 'fet.lak;

'fsg-, 'fs'g-

ES

1-ed -t

Feringi fa'riggi

fetter 'feta^;

ES 'fsli, ^kab, 'fs^h

ferment 71 'foment; ES 'fa-, 'fyferment v fa^'ment; ES fa-; |-ed -id |-able
fermentation jfyman'te/an, -men-; ES

fettle 'fetl |-d -d |-ling 'fetbg, 'fetbg

ferly 'fyli, 'ferli;

ES

Fetzer

jfs-,

feu fju, fiu |-ed -d

'fetsa^;

feud fjud, fiud

ES

fan, fyn; |-ery -an,

ferocious fa'rofas,

-n

feudal

+ 'f i'rojas

em^/z.

fi-,

'fetsa(r

|-ist -ist

'fiudl

'fjudj,

[-ism

feudalize 'fjudl^aiz, 'fiud-

Ferrara fa'rara, fe- {It fer'ra:ra)

feudatory 'fjuda^ton,

ferrate 'feret ]-d -id

fever

]-s

|-ist

-1st

'fiva^;

ES

'fiva(r; |-ed

-d

-iz |-d

|-s

S -jton

'fiud-, -jtan;

-d |-ing 'fivang,

'fivrig |-ous -varas, -vras

ferret 'ferit |-ed -id

ferriage 'feriids

-jizam

|-ly_-i

ES+-'rDS-

ferocity fa'rasati, fi-;

-d

fetus 'fitas j-es -iz

-abl

^^fern fyn;

'feta(r; |-ed

feverfew

-iz

'fiva^^fju, -,fiu;

ES

Feversham 'fevaj'am; ES

ferric 'ferik

'fiva-

'feva-

few, F- fju, fiu

ferrite 'ferait

ferroconcrete jfro'kankrit, -kan'krit;

ES+

Fewkes

fjuks, fiuks

|-'s

-iz

fey fe

-Dn-

F- fez |fezzes 'feziz |fezzed fezd

ferromagnetic jferomaeg'nEtik

fez,

ferrous 'feras

fiacre fi'aka^;

ferruginous fe'rudsanas, fa-

fiance jfian'se, fijon'se, fi'anse {Fr

ferrule 'ring' 'feral |-d -d

fiancee pron. like fiance

Fianna Fail

ferry 'feri |-ied -d |-boat -jbot

fertile 'fytl;

ES

'fstl, 'fytl; |-tilely -tli,

ES

fertility fs^'tilati;

fy-

fs-,

jfytla'zejan,

fertilization

-tlb

-ai'z-;

ES

-'aka(r; {Fr fjakr)

'fiana'fail, -'fail

fiasco fi'aesko
fiat 'faiat, 'faiaet |-ed -id

ES

jfst-,

fibbed fibd

fib fib
I

ES

fiber, -bre 'faiba^;

jfyt-

ES

fertilize 'fytl^aiz;

'fst-, 'fyt-; |-s -iz |-d

-d

fervid 'fyvid;

fervor 'fyva^;

ES

'fsv-, 'fyv-; |-ent

ES 'fsvid,
ES 'fsvatr,

'faiba(r; |-ed, -d

fibril 'faibral, -bril |-led

-d

-d

fibrin 'faibrin j-ation jfaibri'ne/an

ferule 'ruler' 'feral, 'ferul |-d -d

fervency 'fyvansi;

f ja'se)

-ant

fibrinogen fai'brinadsan, -idsen

'fyv-

fibroid 'faibraid

'fyva(r

fibster 'fibsta^;

fibrous 'faibras

ES

'fibsta(r

fescue 'feskju, 'feskiu

fibula 'fibjala

Fessenden 'fesndan

Fichte 'fixta |-tean -tian l-teanism -tianjizam

festal 'festj |-ly -i

fichu 'fi/u, -/lu, -Jju {Fr fi'Jy)

Feste

|-s

-z |-lae

-jli

fickle 'fikl

'festi

fester 'festa^;

ES

-ta(r; |-ed

-d |-ing ^festang,

'festrig

fico 'fiko
fictile 'fiktj, -til

festival 'festavj

fiction 'fik/an |-al -1 [-ally -li

festive 'festiv |-vity fes'tivati

fictitious fik'ti/as |fictive 'fiktrv

festoon fes'tun |-ed -d |-ery -an

fid fid Ifidded 'fidid

fetal

'fill
I

-ism -^izam

fetch fet/ [fetches 'fet/iz [fetched fet/t

fete, fete fet |-d -id

fiddle 'fidl l-d -d 1-Hng 'fidhg, 'fidlig

fiddle-dee-dee ^fidl'di'dl, ^fidldi'di

fetation fi'tejan

{Fr fe:t)

fiddle-faddle

'fidl'^fadl

fiddlehead

feticide 'fitajsaid |-dal ,fita'saidl

fiddler 'fidla^, 'fidla^;

See in full 3^7.

|bath baeO;

-d

|-Ung

-dlig,

'fid], bed

feterita jfeta'rita

Key:

l-d

-dbg

ES

-a(r

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) |rate ret [j'et jet [sang saeg |angry ^aeg-gn
baO (10) |ah a |far far |watch watj, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards |go go


finger

165

fiddlestick
fiddlestick 'fidl^stik

filial 'filial, -Ijal |-ly -i

Fidele

filiate 'filijct l-d -id |-tion jfih'ejan

fi'dili

filibuster

Fidelia fi'dilja, -lia

'fila/bAsta^;

ES

fidelity fai^delati, fa-

filibusterer jfila'bAstara';

fiducial fi'du/al, -'diu-, -'dju- [-ly -i

filiform 'filajfarm, 'faila-;

fiduciary fi'dujiieri, -'dm-, -'dju-, -Jan

filigree 'fila^gri |-d

fief

v 'fai^fai |-d -d

ES

|-terism

-ra(r;

ES

-jfaam

-d

filing 'failig

Filipino jfila'pino \fem -pina -'pina, -a

fif

field,

-d

|-ed

-tajrizam [-terous -taras, -tras

fidget 'fid3it |-ed -id

fie fai |fie-fie adj,

-jbAsta(r;

|-ing -jbAstarig, -trig

Fidelio fi'delio, -Ijo

F-

fild l-ed -id

[filled fild

fill fil

fieldfare 'fildjler, -jfaer;

-jf3(r,

ES

-jfae3(r

filleted 'filitid

fillet 'filit
I

Fielding 'fildig

filliped 'filapt

fillip 'filap
I

fieldpiece 'fild^pis

Fillmore

j-s -iz

ES

fias,

S+ftas, fjeas

fiesta fi'esta
fife,

F-

{Sp

-moa(r,

filly 'fill

'f jeizole)

filose 'failos

'fjesta)

filter

->; ES

faif l-d -t |-shire -/ir,

-/i3(r,

'filta^;

ES

-ta(r; j-ed -d j-ing 'filtarig,

'filtrig

filterable 'filtarabl, 'filtrabl

-jTaCr

fifteen fif tin, 'fif'tin

fifteenth fif'tinO,

'men)

('fif jteen

filth file l-ths -Os 1-y -I [filthily 'filOali

-Gs

'fif- [-ths

filtrable 'filtrabl

fifth fife |-ths -es

filtrate

fifty 'fifti l-tieth -tiiO i-fold -'fold ('fifty ,fold

filtrate v 'filtret [-d -id [-tion fil'tre/an

'filtret, 'filtrit

fin fin [finned

'loss)

find

fig fig

finable 'fainabl

Figaro 'figa^ro {Fr figa'ro)

finagle fa'negl [-nagler -'negla^;

fight fait Ifought f3t

final 'fainl |-ism

figment 'figmsnt |figmental fig'tnentl

finale fi'nali {It fi'na:le)

figurate adj 'figjarit

finality fai'naelati

-jizam

ES

-la(r

|-ist -ist [-ly -i

figurate v 'figja^ret |-d -id

finance fa'naens, 'fainaens

figuration jfigja'te/an

financial fa'naen/al, fai'naenjal |-ly -i

figurative 'figjarativ, 'figarativ, 'figrativ

figure

E+

film film [filmed filmd

fiery 'fain, 'faiari

Fiesole fi'ezali {It

ES

-maaCr

fiend find [fiends findz, finz

fierce firs;

-mar;

'filmor,

'figja',

'figa';

ES

-gjarig, -garig, -grig

-a(r;

|-d

financier

-d |-ring

In America

'figa^,

l-ed

^finan'sir,

figurehead 'figja-^hed,

ES

-^sia(r;

finback 'fin/baek

'figa'-;

ES

'figja-, -ga-

Finchley

'fintjli

faund
Fr fseda'sjekl

find faind [found

Fiji 'fidsi jFigian fi'dsian, 'fidsian

fin

de

siecle

filament n 'filamant |filimented 'filamantid

Findlay

filament v 'filajinent |-ed -id

fine fain [fined

filbert 'fiiba^t;

^fainan-;

-d

figurine jfigja'rin

ES

-iz [-d -t

finch fintj [finches 'fintjiz [finched fmt/t

-a(r is less freq.

filar 'fails' ;

[-s

faind [fineness 'fainnis

fineable 'fainabl

-la(r

ES

'finli, less freq. 'findli

finery 'fainari

'filbat

filch filtj |-es -IZ |-ed -t

finespun 'fain'spAn ('fine-spun 'theory)

file fail jfiled

finesse fa'nes

faild

filet

de sole Eng 'fihav'sol, Fr

filet

mignon

[full

ful [tooth tuG [further

fi'Ie

min'ja (Fr

[-s

-iz [-d -t

Fingal 'figgl

filet 'fillet' 'fiht ifileted 'filitid

file d'sal

'fs^tJa^;

ES

finger 'figga^;

ES

'figga(r; [-ed -d [-ing 'fig-

garig, 'fig grig

file mi'jio)

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Fitzwater

166

fingerer
fingerer 'figgara^;

ES -r3(r
ES 'figga-

firewater

fingernail 'figga^jnel, jfigga^'nel;

fingerprint 'figga^jprint;

ES

ES

-ga-

'figga-; ]-ed -id

-ikh

'fair^wyk;

firkin 'fykin;

firm

Fr

ES

finitude 'finsjtjud, 'faina-, -jtiud, -jtud

Finland 'finland

ES

fsst, fyst

ES

'fyst'klas;

ES

firstling 'fysthg;

ES

ES

firstly 'fysth;

first-rate 'fys'tret, 'fyst'ret;

fjoad,

E+fjoad

fye;

firth

ES

fiscal 'fiskl |-ly -i

-IZ

ES 'faia-; |-ed -id

ES 'faiafirebrick 'fair^brik; ES 'faiafirebug 'faitjbAg; ES 'faiafirecracker 'fair^kraeka'; ES 'faia^kraekaCr
firedamp 'fair^daemp; ES 'faiafiredog 'fairjdog, -jdng; ES 'faiafiredrake 'fair^drek; ES 'faiafire-eater 'fair^ita^; ES 'fair^itaCr
firefang 'fair,faeg; ES 'faia-; |-ed -d
firefly 'fair,flai; ES 'faiafireguard 'fair,gard; ES 'fai3,ga:d, E+-jga:d
firelock 'fair^lak; ES 'faiajak, -^lok
fireman 'f airman; ES 'faiaman; |-men -man
fireplace 'fair;ples; ES 'faia-; |-s -iz
fireproof adj 'fair'pruf; ES 'faia-; ('fire^proof
firebrand

'f air

^braend ;

firebreak 'fair^brek;

ES

'faia-; |-ed -t

ES 'faia'fair^traep; ES 'faia-

firetrap

Key:

bee
baG (10) [ah a

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

'fa-, 'fy-

fisher,

F-

'fija^;

ES

]-man,

'fij"a(r;

-men -man

fishery 'fijari

fishhook 'fij^huk, 'fi/uk

fishmonger 'fi/^mAgga^;

ES

fishwife 'fijjwaif

-vz |-wives -jwaivz

fishy
fisk,

|-'s -s,

-jmAgga(r

'fiji

F- fisk

fissile 'fisj, 'fisil

-d

fission 'fi/an |-ed

fissure 'fi/a-;

ES

'fiJaCr; [-d

fisted 'fistid

fist fist

|-ic

-d

-ik j-ical -ikl

fisticuff 'fistijkAf |-ed -t

fistula 'fist/ula

|-s

-z |-lae

-jli

fit fit [fitted 'fitid

Fitch fitj [Fitch's

'fitjiz

fitchew 'fit/u, 'fitjiu

fitful 'fitfal l-ly -I

fitting 'fitig

Fitzgerald fits'djerald

FitzGerald

Fitzhugh

Eng

poet fits'dserald

fits'hju, -'hiu ('FitZjhugh 'Lee)

Fitzwalter 'fitsjwalta^;

Fitzwater

fireside 'fair^said;

ES

fish fi/ fishes 'fijiz [fished fi/t

Fitzsimmons fit'simanz,

Vault)
fireproof v 'fair,pruf;

'fysth

fisk

fisc

ES f3(r, fy; |-ry -i

fire fair; ES fai3(r; |-d -d [-ring 'famg
firearm 'fairjorm; ES -ja:m, E+-ja:m
fireball 'fair^bal; ES 'fai9firebird 'fair,byd; ES 'faia^bsd, 'fawjbyd
firebox 'fair^baks; ES 'faia^baks, -jboks; J-es
fy;

'fsstli,

fse, fs-G; |-ths -Gs

fipple 'fipj
fir

'fyst-,

'fsst-, 'fyst-

finny

ES

'fast-,

'fsst-, 'fyst-

finnan haddie 'finan'haedi

'fini

'fyst-

('first-jclass 'fare)

firsthand 'fyst'haend;

'finli

'fsst'boan,

'baan

E+-'klas, -'klas;

fin j-ish -ij

ES

'fs^st'bam;

first-class

finland 'home of fish' 'finjaend

fiord fjord, fjard;

|-ed -d

ES 'fsm-, 'fymES 'fam-, 'fym-, faname 'fyman; ES 'fsm-, 'fym-

pers.

fyst;

first-born

Finlay 'finh |Finley

'fakin, 'fy-; |-ed -d

firmament 'fymamant;

first

-'teaCr

finite 'fainait

Finn

ES

fym; ES ism, fym;

Firman

finis'terr

Finisterre jfinis'ttr;

-jW3:k;

firman 'fyman, f^'man;

finish 'finij" |-es -iz [-ed -t

Finistere

ES

-s

finikin 'finikin

+ 'finis

ES 'faiaES 'faia^wsk,

firewood 'fair^wud;

finicking 'finikig |-cky -ki

-^wDt;

'faia-, -ta(r

|-s

finis 'fainis [finises 'fainisiz

'faia^wDadn

-jwata^,

'fair^wota--,

firework

finial 'finidl, 'fainial

finical 'finikl |-ly -i,

ES

firewarden 'fair^wDrdn;

fingerling 'figga^hg;

-isix;

'fitsjwata',

fits's- [-'s -iz

ES

-^waltaCr

-jwata^,

-jwota';

ES

formerly Fitzwalter

bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet Jt [sang saeg |angr}' 'aeg^gri
[far

far [watch wat/,

wotj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go


Fiume
Fiume

flank flaegk [flanked flaegkt

It 'fju-.me

ES

five faiv |-r 'faiva^;

flannel 'flaenl [-ed -d

-V3(r

fivefold adj, adv 'faiv'fold ('fivejfold 'loss)

fivepence

'f

now

aivpans,

less freq.

'f

flannelette, -let jflaenl'et

flap flap [flapped flaept

ipans

flapdoodle 'flaep/dudl

fivepenny 'faiVjpEni, -pani

fiks

fix

fleece

167

'fiksiz [fixed, fixt fikst |-edly

fixes

flapjack 'flaep/dsaek
flapper

-idli

ES

'flaepa^;

'flaep3(r; [-ed

fkaCr,

ES

-d

fixate 'fikset j-d -id |-tion fiks'ejan

flare fler, flaer;

fixative 'fiksativ

flare-up 'fletjAp, 'flaetjAp; S

fixity 'fiksati

flash flae/ [flashes 'flajiz [flashed flaejt

flashboard

fixt fikst

ES

fixture 'fikstJV;

-d

'flaer, Ap

-^bord;

ES

-^boad.

E-h-ibaad

'fikstJa(r

flashlight 'flaejjlait [-ed -id

fizgig 'fizjgig
fizz fiz 1-es -iz 1-ed

fizzle 'fizl |-d

-d

-d

flask flaesk;

|-y -i

ES

E+fjaad

fjoad,

ES

flabbergast 'flaeba^jgaest;

E+flask, flqsk

flat flaet [flatted 'flaetid

|-ling 'fizlig, 'fizlig

fjord fjord, fJ3rd;

flabby

'flaeJ,bord,

flse3(r; [-d

flatboat 'flaet.bot

'flaeba-; j-ed -id

flatcar 'flaet^kar;

ES

E+-,ka:(r

-,ka:(r,

flatfish 'flaet.fi/ [-es -iz

'flsebi

flabellum fb'bElam |-bella -'btla

flat-footed 'flaet'futid ('flat-,footed 'way)

flaccid 'flaeksid |-ity flaek'sidati

flathead, F- 'flaet^hed

ES

-^ai-an, -^aian

flag flaeg [flagged flaegd

flatiron 'flaet^aia^n, -,airn;

flagellant 'flaedsabnt, fla'dgebnt

flatten 'flaetn [-ed -d [-ing 'flaetnig, -tnig

flagellate 'flaedsajet |-d -id

flatter 'flaeta-;

flageolet jfliedsa'kt

flaggy

ES

-ta(r; [-ed

-d [-ing

'flfetarig.

'flsetrig

flattery 'flastari, 'flaetn

'flaegi

flagitious fb'dsipas

flatulence 'flaet/alans |-cy

flagman 'flaegman |-men -man

flatus 'fletas [-es -iz

flagon 'flaegan

flatways 'flaet,wez [flatwise 'flast^waiz

flagrancy 'flegransi [flagrant 'flegrant

flaunt fbnt, flont, flant [-ed -id

flagship 'flaegjjip

flauntily 'fbntji, 'fbnt-, 'flant-

Flagstad 'flaegstaed
flagstaff,

-s

F-

The pi flagstaves -^stevz

is

\-s

Flavins 'flevias, -vjas

in

flavor 'flev3^;

rare

America.

flaw

flagstone 'flaegiSton

Flaherty

'flaea^ti;

flair

fkr,

flaer;

fb

ES

fbd

[flawed

ES

flaeaCr;

[ed -d

flea fli [-bane

flam flaem [flammed flaemd

Fleance 'flbns

flambeau 'flaembo [-beaux or -beaus -boz

Fleay

flamboyance flaem'baians

fleck

|-cy -i [-ant -ant

flame flem [flamed flemd

flame-color 'flem^kAla^;

ES

'flaenda^z;

[full

[-s

-jkAlaCr; [-ed -d

ES

-iz

fkk

[flecked

fkkt

flection

'fkk/an

[-al -1

fled past &> pptc of flee f

j-'s

fledge

-iz

fkds

|-s

-iz

[-d

kd
-d [-dgling, -dgeling

-lig

f 15)

-iz [-d

|-'s

fie

Flecknoe 'fkkno

flae-

Flaminius fb'minias, -njas

Flanders

'fb-i

-,ben [-bite -,bait

flea-bitten 'fli^bitn

flange flaends

[-less -lis |-y

flay fie [flayed fled

ES

flake flek [flaked flekt [flaky 'fleki

flan pastry flasn {Fr

-iz

flaxseed 'flaeks^sid, 'flaek^sid

'flae-ati

fkaCr,

flamingo fb'miijgo,

[-'s

-va(r; |-ing 'flevrig, -varig

flax flaeks [flaxes 'flaeksiz [-ed -t |-en -n

field

-lant

flautist 'fbtist

E+-jStaf, -^staf;

'flieg^staef;

flail flel [flailed

-i [-lent

'flaendaz;

|-'s

-iz

-d

fkd

fleece flis [fleeces 'flisiz [fleeced flist

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish

flee fli [fled

ES

'fstfa

dij" [vision

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep 'em 'kipm

168

fleer

ES

fli3(r,

who flees'

'flia^;

fleer 'gibe' flir;

fleer 'one

S+fkaCr;

ES

[-ed -d

floatation flo'tejan

floccose 'flakos, fla'kos; ES-i--Dk-

Fleming 'flemig Flemish 'fkmi/

fkns |-s -iz j-d -t

flocculence 'flakjsbns;

Flodden 'fladn;

fleshed fkjt

fleshly

'fkjh [fleshy 'fk/i

fleshpot 'fk/jpat;

fkt/

fletch

ES+-jpDt

ES

ES + 'flndn

fbg [ged -d

flog flag, flog,

flood

'fktj3(r

fbd

[flooded 'fbdid j-gate -jget

floodlight 'flAdjlait |-ed -id

ES

Fletcherism 'fktjajrizam

|-rite -;rait

floor flor, fbr;

Fletcherize 'fktj3,raiz

-iz \-d -d

floorcloth 'flor.kbe, 'fbr-, -.kbe;

|-s

fleur-de-lis .flyda'li, -'lis;

flew past of fly flu,

fkks

flex

ES

.fb-, ^fly-; \pl

|-s

-z [-ed -d

floorwalker

-t$z,

'flor jwoka^, 'fbr-

flexes 'fkksiz flexed

|

fkkst

flop flap;

Flora

'fkksabl |-bly -bli

ES+flop;

'flora, 'fbra;

Florence

ES

brans,

'flar-, 'flor- |-'s -iz [-entine

florescence flo'resns, fb-; S flo-; |-nt -nt

Floresville 'floriSjVil, 'fb-; S

'fhkaCr;

-d

|-ed

|-ing

floriculture

'florijkAltJV,

'flo-, S-t--vl

ES

'fb-;

florid 'fbrid, 'flarid, 'florid

'flai'a(r

flies flaiz

Florida 'fbrada,

flight flait l-y -i

Floridian flo'ridian, fb-, fla-, flo-

'flar-, 'flor- |-n

flimflam 'flim^flaem ]-med -d

Florimel 'fbrajmsl,

flimsy 'flimzi

florin 'fbrin, 'flar-, 'flor-, 'florin

flinch flint/ [flinches 'flmtjiz |-ed -t

flinder 'flinda^;
fling

ES

-n

'flar-, 'flor-

florist 'florist, 'fbr-, 'flar-, 'flor-

Florizel 'fbra^zsl, 'flar-, 'flnr-

'flindaCr

flung flAg

fill)

'flon-

^Alt/a(r,E + 'f la-

'fhkdrig, 'fhkrig
flier 'flaia^;

'f

flores 'floriz, 'fbriz; S 'floriz

flikt

ES

'floajWakaCr,

-anjtin

'flika^;

ES

'floral

ES 'fkksn3(r
ES 'fkks3(r
flexure 'fkkja'; ES 'fkkj3(r; |-xuous -kjuas
flibbertigibbet, F- 'fliba^ti.dsibit; ES 'flibaFlexner 'fkksna^;

flexor 'fkksa^;

flicker

'flora

floral 'floral, 'fbral;

Florala fb'raeb, fla-, fin-

fhk flicked

'floa-,

|-ped -t j-py -i

flexion 'fkkjan 1-al -1

flick

ES

-es

E + 'fba-

hu

flexibility jfkksa'bilati

flexible

E-i-'fba-; |-ths

floafr, E-i-fb3(r

flooring 'florig, 'fbrig; S 'florig

or -Uses -'lisiz

-lis -'liz

flew 'dog's lip' flu, fliu

|-nt -nt

floe flo

|-es -iz |-ed -t

fletcher 'fktJV;

ES + 'flok-;

flock flak; ES-i-flok; [-ed -t

flense, flence

flesh flej fleshes 'fkjiz

ES-Fflok

floe flak;

'fli'3(r

fleeted 'flitid

fleet flit

flow

floss

fbs, flos

|-es -iz [-ed -t

flint,

F-

flota 'flota

flint |flinted 'flintid

flintlock 'flintjlak;

FHntshire

ES + -jDk
ES -/laCr,

'flintjir, -Jsr;

flotage 'flotids

flip flip [flipped flipt

flotilla flo'tila

flippancy 'flipansi |-ant -ant

flotsam

flirt

flyt;

ES

fbt, fbt; [ed -id

flirtatious fly'te/as;
flit flit [flitted

ES

'flatsam;

flounder 'flaunda-;

ES

-id [-ting 'flaitig

flour flaur;

ES

flourish 'flyi/;

ES

-d

^fliv3(r;

|-ed

-d

|-ing

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeG;

freq.

ES

-da(r;

j-ed

-t

-d j-ing

flaua(r; |-ed -d

ES

'fbrij, 'fLvnJ, 'flyij"; |-es

-IZ [-ed -t

flout flaut [flouted 'flautid

'flivarig, 'flivrig

flow flo [flowed flod

float flot [floated 'flotid |-age -ids

Key:

less

'flaundang, 'flaundrig

flite flait |-d

'flit3(r; |-ed

ES + 'flotsam;

flounce flauns [flounces 'flaunsiz [-d

fls-, fly-

'fhtid

flitter 'fhta-;

'fliva^;

-iz

'flotsam (19c floatsome)

flitch flit/ [flitches 'flit/iz |-ed -t

flivver

|-s

flotation flo'te/an

-JaCr

bee bi jpity

baO (10) jah a

[far

'piti

(6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg |angr\- 'aeg-gri

far jwatch wat/,

wotj

(12) [jaw dja [gorge gards [go go

flower

'flaua^,

ES

flaur;

flau3(r;

'flau'3(r,

flyspeck 'flai^spek [-ed

-t

flyte flait |-d -id [-ting -ig

l-ed -d

flower-de-luce 'flaurdi'lus, -'hus;

|-s

foment

169

flower

ES

'flaua-;

flytrap 'flaijtraep

flyweight 'flai^wet

-IZ

flywheel 'flai^hwil

floweret 'flaunt

flowerpot 'flaur jpat;

ES

foal fol [foaled fold

'flauSjpat, -jpot

flowery 'flauri, 'flauari

foam fom [foamed fomd

flown f Ion

f.o.b. 'Efjo'bl

flu flu, fliu

fob fab;

fluctuate 'flAkt/ujCt |-ated -jCtid [-ant -ant

focal 'fokl |-ly

fluctuation ^flAkt/u'eJan

focalize 'fokl^aiz

Foch

fhu

flue flu,

ES+fnb;

fo/,

Fluellen flu'elin, -an

focus 'fokas

fodder 'fada^;

fluff

fUf

Flugel

'fligl

fa/,

Ger fak)

|-es -iz [-ed -t [foci 'fosai

ES

'fada(r, 'fod-; |-ed -d j-ing

-dang, -drig

fUft

Ifluffed

-d

-iz j-d

[-s

fak {Fr

fluent 'fluant, 'fliuant |-ency -ansi

|-bed -d

-i

foe fo

{Ger 'fly:gal)

fluid 'fluid, 'fliuid

foehn fen {Ger f0:n)

fluidity flu'idati, fliu-

foeman 'foman [-men -man

fluke fluk,

fhuk

foetal

|-d -t [-ky -i

'fitl

[-ism -jizam

flume, F- flunis flium

foetation fi'te/an

flummery 'fUmari
flummox 'flAmaks

foeticide 'fita^said [-dal jfita'saidl

foetus

]-es -iz j-ed -t

'fitas |-es -iz

flung flAo

fog fag, fag, fog [-ged -d [-gy

flunk flAgk [flunked flAgkt

foghorn 'fag^harn,

fluor 'flua^, 'fhua-;

ES

fogy

-a(r

fluoresce jflua'res, jfliu-

-iz ]-d -t |-nce -ns

[-s

Fr fwa'gra

foil fail [foiled faild

fluorine 'flua^rin, 'fliu-, -rin |-rin -rin

foison 'faizn

fluorite 'flua^rait 'fliu-

foist faist [foisted 'faistid

fluoroscope 'flura,skop, 'fliu-

fold fold [folded 'foldid

ES

fluster

folderol 'faldajtal; ES-f-'fnldajtnl

'fbri, 'fUri, 'flyi

flush flAj [flushes

ES

'flAsta^;

[flushed

'flAj"iz

'flAsta(r;

-d

|-ed

ES

Folger 'foldsa-;

fUJt
[-ing

foliage 'fobids

[-s

'foldsaCr

-iz [-d -d

foliate adj 'fohit, -^et

'flAstario, 'flAstrig

flustrate 'fUstret |-terate -tajtet, -tret |-d -id

foliate V 'folijet [-ated -^etid

flute flut, flmt l-d -id

folio 'foli|0, -Ijo j-ed -d

flutter 'flAta^;

ES

'flAta(r; |-ed

foHum

-d

fkks

[fluxes

[-S

-s;

[-s

-z j-lia -a

NEngd+i6\is (46)

Folkestone 'fokjston, Brit 'fokstan

flu'vaena, fliu-

folklore 'fokjlor, -jlar;

fluvial 'fluvial, 'fliu-

flux

'foliam

folk fok

fluty 'fluti, 'fliuti

Fluvanna

ES

-jloa(r,

we

folkway

fly flai [flew flu, fliu [flown flon

Follansbee 'falanzbi; ES-i-'fol-

flycatcher 'flai^kaetJV;

ES

follow 'falo, -a;

-jkaetJaCr

fljT^roof 'flai'pruf ('fly^proof

f oily 'fall;

f juz,

j-ed-d [-ing -lawig

ES

ES + 'fol-

ES + 'fnli

foment n 'fomEnt

'ointment)

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

[using 'juzig [fuse

ES + 'fnl-;

follow-up 'falojAp, 'falajWAp;

'flai-a(r

flyleaf 'flaijif [-leaves -jlivz

[full

'fok/

follicle'falikl;ES + 'fDl-

flyaway 'flaiajwe

ES

E-h-jbaCr

folkmoot 'fokjmut [folkmote, -mot 'fokjinot

'fkksiz [fluxed fUkst

fluxion 'fUk/an

flyer 'flaia-;

-^haan

foible 'faibl

fluoric flu'arik, fliu-, -'arik, -'nrik

flurry 'flyi;

ES

'fogi

foie gras

|-nt -nt

-i

'fag-, 'fog-;

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vi3an

tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

foment
foment

fordo

170
fo'ment |-ed -id ('foment 'trouble)

foot-ton 'fut'tAn

fomentation jfoman'tejan, -men-

footway 'futjwe

fond fand, fnnd

footwear

fondant 'fondant, 'fnn-

Fond du Lac

'fut^wer,

'fandsajlaek,

-d3u-, 'fanda-.

fondle 'fundi, 'fon- |-d -d |-ling -dlig, -dbg

ES

ES

footwork 'futjwyk;
footworn

'fon-

fondler 'fandla^, 'fon-;

-^waer;

-jwsk, -jwyk

fop fap; ES+fnp; |-pery -an,

ES+fnnt
Fontaine, La laefan'ten,

for stressed 'for, ^far;

font font;

-fon- (Fr lafo'ten)

Fontainebleau 'fantin^blo, jfantin'blo, -nn-

ES

'fu't/au (Chin -'dso)

ES

fo'reman

foray

-^hardi,

E+-iha:di

foot fut |footed 'futid j-age -ids |-ing

ES

ES

fa'baed

ES

-jboad,

E+

far-, -'baer;

|-borne

'fDa^beaCr,

faa'beaCr, fa-.

-'born,

ES

fa^-,

-'bo3(r.

ES

-'barn;

and

-'bean, E4--'b33n; ('bear

forbearance for'berans,

-jboad

-'baea(r; |-bore -'bor, -'bar;

E-t--'b33(r;

footboy 'futjbai

'forebear)

-'baEr3ns;

E fa3-,

ES

'faabz-

fa-; S fas'baerans, fa-

footbridge 'fut^bnds

|-s

Forbes-Robertson 'farbz'raba'tsn;

-iz

'rab3tsn, -'rob-

foot-candle 'fut'kaendj

forbid fa^'bid;

footfall 'fut^fDl

ES

footgear 'fut^gir;

-jgi3(r,

S + -ig3(r

ES

f3'bid; J-bad, -bade

|

ES

-'bar;

fa^-,

faa'boaCr, fa-.

E-(--'b3a(r; |-rne -n

foothold 'futjhold
footle 'futl l-d -d 1-ling 'futbg, 'futhg

forby, -bye far'bai;

footlights 'futjlaits

force fors, fars;

footling adv, adj 'futbg

l-dly

footman 'futman |-men -man

footmark 'fut^mark; ES -jma:k, E+-jma:k
|-d -id

ES

ES

faa'bai

foas,

E+f33s;

|-s

-iz |-d -t

-idh

forceable

foot-loose 'futjlus

'fors3bl,

'coerceable'

'fars-;

ES

E + 'faas-

'foas-,

forceful 'forsfal, 'fars-;

ES

'fo3S-,

E + 'fass-;

l-ly -I

forcemeat

footpad 'futjpaed
footpath 'fut/paeO; E-i--jpae, -^paG;

|-ths

-Sz

forceps 'farsaps;

footprint 'futjpnnt |-ed -id

forcible

footrope 'fut^rop

ES

|-bly

-jsoo(r,

E+-jS33(r

footstep 'futjStEp

Fordham

ES

'foas-.

E+faad;

|-ed -id

'fars-;

'fordam,

ES

foad,

'far-;

ES

'fo3d3m,

E-i-

'faa-

footstock 'futjstak; ES^-^stDk

fordo far'du;

ES

faa-; ]-does -'dAz |-did -'did

[-done -'dAn

footstool 'futjstul

See in full 3-47.

E+

-bb

ford, F- ford, fard;

ES

'foas-,

'faassps

'fors3bl,

'violent'

E + 'faas-;

footrest 'futjtest

ES

'fars-;

'forsjinit,

'faas-

foot-pound 'fut'paund

footsore 'futjsor, -jS3r;

-'bad

-bidden -'bidn -dance -ns

forbore for'bor,

foothill 'futjhil

footnote 'fut^not

fo-

-jbae3(r

forbear v far'ber,

-iij

football 'futjbol

footboard 'futjbord, -^bord;

-kaCr

|foramina

-d

'fore, 'fare, 'fnre |-ed

forbade fa^'baed;

ES

foolscap 'fulzjkaep, paper often 'ful^skiep

ES

-z

|-s

forbear 'ancestor^ 'fDr^ber, -jbaer;

'fub/

|bath baeG;

-iz |-d -d

forasmuch jfaraz'mAtJ

-an

foolproof 'ful'pruf ('fool-proof 'gadget)

Key:

|-s

'faraka^, 'for-, 'for-;

'raemana

food fud jfoodstuff 'fudjStAf

fool ful fooled fuld j-ery

-ri

'f33(r, jfD3(r; unstr.

f3(r

foramen

ES+ifon-

^fanta'nel;

Foochow

fooHsh

i^;

ES

forage 'forids, 'for-, 'for-

Foraker

(Fr foten'blo)
-lie

-^woan.

E-i--jWD3n
foozle 'fuzl |-d -d |-ling 'fuzbg, 'fuzbg

-l3(r

fontanel,

ES

-jwom;

'fut^worn,

fondue 'fandu, fan'du, -on- (Fr fo'dy)

foolhardy 'ful^hardi;

ES

-jWE3(r,

-jwaeaCr

bee bi Ipity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far |watch wat/,

wot/

(12) |jaw dga [gorge gards |go go

Fordyce
Fordyce

ES

'fardais;

'faa-;

Scotl

-iz,

|-'s

For'dyce

ES

E+f33(r

foa(r,

fore-and-aft 'foran'aeft,

E + 'far-,
forearm

ES

'far-;

'forja:m,

ES

for'a:m, E+far-,

'ancestor'

'for^bEr,

ES

forebode for 'bod, far-;

-jbaer;

'far-,

S 'foajbaeaCr

'foajbE3(r, 'faa-, -jbaea(r;

foa-,

E+faa-;

|-d

ES 'foa-, E-i-'faa'far-; ES 'foa-, E+'faa-,

forebrain 'for^bren, 'far-;

forecast n 'for^kaest,

ES

forecast v for'kaest, far-;

-'kast;

\past

E+faa-,

foa-,

-casted

-cast,

-id

+ 'f orejcast(ed)

ES

'foa-,

E + 'faa-,

-d j-sure -33^;

foredo for'du, far-;

ES

E+faa-;

foa-,

\-s

ES
ES

'far-;

far-;

'for^faSa',

forelock

'forjak,

'far-;

ES

'foajak,

'far-;

ES

'foa-,

foreman 'forman,
I

'for^maest,

E + 'faa-,

'far-;

ES

far-;

E+faa-;

'foa^figgaCr,

'foa-,

E + 'faa-;

ES

foa-,

E+faa-;

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

ifar-;

|-feet -fit

E+faa-;

ES

E + 'faa-;

'foa-,

acc^+'fore'f-

for'gaeSa^,

E+far-;

foa'gaecSaCr,

ES

E+faa-; |-went

foa-,

-'went |-gone -'gan, -'gon,

foregoing for'gO'ig, far-;

less freq.

ES

foa-,

-'gan

E+faa-;

('fore^going 'day)

foregone for 'gan,

adn-,

ES

for'aadn-,

ES

jfar-;

^for-

E + jf arES 'foa-, E + 'faaES 'foa-, E + 'faa'for^kwarta^,

'far-;
ES 'foa-

'for^pa, 'far-;

forepaw, F-

'for, pa, 'far-;

jkwaata(r,

E + 'faa-

forerun for 'r An, far-;

ES

foa'rAn, E+faa-;

|-ran -'raen \pplc -run -'rAn [-ner -a^;

-a(r;

ES

acd + 'fore-runner

ES 'foa-, E + 'faaES 'foa-, E + 'faaES foa-, E+faa-; |-saw

foresaid 'for^sed, 'far-;

foresail 'for^sel, 'far-;

far-, -'gon;

ES foa-, E+faa-;

('fore^gone con'clusion)

foreground 'for^graund,

foresee for'si, far-;

-'sa |-seen -'sin

'far-;

ES

'foa-,

E+

foreshadow n

'forjjaedo,

'far-,

-a;

ES

'foa-,

for'/aedo,

far-,

-a;

ES

foa-,

E + 'faa-

'faa-

forehand 'for^haend,

forehanded

-ikh

iforaa'den,

|-d -id

forequarter

ES

far-;

|-ed -d 1-ing -'gae'Sarirj, -'gaeSrig

forego for'go, far-;

ES

E+jfar-; |-ed -d

Forepaugh
'far-;

'foa-,

ES

'far-;

foreordination jforardn'e/an,

ES

'far-;

ES

l-d-d

forensic fa'rensik, fo-

foa-,

'foa^maest,

-mast;

'far-,

E+faa-;

'foajfatJaCr,

ES

E + 'faa-

foa-,

ES

'far-;

E + 'faa-;

-jmast, -^mast

foreordinate v for'ardn^et, far-;

'forjfirjga^,

foregather

-jink,

-men -man

('fore^noon 'task)

E + 'faa-

'far-;

'for'haendid,

ES

'foa-,

'far-;

E + 'faa-

ES

E + 'faa|full

'foa-,

forenoon for 'nun, far-;

|-ed -id

'forkful,

E + 'faa-;

ES

E + 'faa-

-jfatSa(r

forefend for 'fend,

forefoot

'foa^nal-,

'far-;

foreordain ^forar'den,

forefinger

ES

'far-;

acd+ 'fore 'limb

'foa-,

l-ed -d

E+'faa-,

E+faa-;

foa-,

acd + 'fore 'leg

forename 'for^nem,

|-does

-'dAz 1-did -'did |-done -'dAn

foredoom n 'for^dum,
foredoom v for'dum,
forefather

ES

E + 'faa-; acd+ fore 'knowledge

forelady 'for^ledi, 'far-; ES 'foa-, E + 'faaforeland 'forland, 'far-; ES 'foa-, E + 'faaforeleg 'forjeg, 'far-; ES 'foa-, E + 'faa-;

foremost 'foremost,

-jkasl, -jkasl

ES foa-, E+faa-;
ES -3a (r

foreclose for'kloz, far-;

-IZ |-d

far-;

-jnnl-,

foremast

forecastle naut. 'foksl, as sp. pron. 'forjkaesl,

'far-;

for 'no,

E + 'faa-

-jkast, -jkast

\acct

E+faa-;

foa-,

|-knew -'nju, -'niu, -'nu |-known -'non

forelimb 'for Jim,

-id |-ding -10

-'kast,

ES

-d

-IZ |-d

foreknowledge 'for^nalids,

-fl'.m

-'arm; |-ed -d

forebear

|-s

foreknow

'forearm,

for'arm, far-;

'farid, 'far-, 'for-, -ad, 'far^hed

forejudge for'dsAds, far-;

-and-; E+-'aft,

'far-,

S 'foran(d)'aeft

forearm

forehead

foreign 'farm, 'far-, 'for-, -an |-ness -nis

fore for, far;

-'aft;

foreshank

171

ful |tooth tu6 Ifurther 'fy'Sa';

'foa-,

foreshadow

E+faa-;

|-ed -d |-ing -'/aedawiij

foreshank 'for,Jaegk,

ES

'far-;

ES

'foa-,

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij" [vision 'vijan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

E + 'faa|toy tai

'em 'kipm

foresheet 'for Jit, 'for-;

'forj/or,

ES

foreyard 'forjard,

E+'faa-

'foa-,

ES

'for^Xor;

'foaj/oaCr,

E + 'f33i/33(r
foa'/aatn,

E+

foa-; |-ed -d |-ing -tnig, -tnig

ES

foreside 'foresaid, 'far-;

E+'faa-;

'foa-,

ace/ + 'fore 'side

foresight 'for^sait, 'for-;

ES

E + 'faa'foa-, E +

'foa-,

ES

foresighted 'for'saitid, 'far-;

ES 'foa-, E + 'faafar-; ES foa-, E+faa-;

foreskin 'foreskin, 'far-;

forespeak for'spik,

|-spoke -'spok |-spoken -'spokan

ES

far-;

for'stal,

E+faa-;

foa-,

l-ed -d

|-ing -'gaetiarig, -'gaESrig

ES
ES

'for^test, 'far-;

foretaste v for 'test, far-;

ES fa'gev
ES foads,

forge fards, fords;

The pron. with

-d

E+faa-;

foa-,

ES

foretell for'tel, far-;

foa-,

E+faa-;

[-told

ES

-thought

E+faa-;

foa-,

ES

forgetful fa^'gEtfal;

ES

ES

'for^Gat, 'far-;

foretime 'for^taim,

'far-;

ES

'foa-,

'foa-,

E + 'faa-

E + 'faa-

foretimed 'timed before' for'taimd, far-;

E+faaforetoken n 'for^tokan,

ES

'far-;

v for'tokan, far-;

ES 'foa-, E + 'faaES foa-, E+faa-;

|-ed -d I-ing -'tokanig, -'toknig

'for^tap,

ES

'far-;

for'tapjOiaest, far-;

-jtop,

fore-topsail

for'tapiSel,

foa'tap-, -'top-,

forever fa-'eva^;

ES

naut.

-sj,

far-;

ES

E+faa-

ES

-'va(r

forevermore fa^jEva^'mor, -'mar;

'moa(r,

foa'tap-

E+faa-, -;mast, -^mast

jinaest, -'top-,

ES

fa^jsva-

E + -'maa(r

forewarn for 'warn, far-;

ES

foa'waan,

forewent past of forego for 'went, far-;

E+

ES foa-,

E+faaforewoman 'for^wuman, 'far-, -jwum-; ES

'foa-, E + 'faa-; |-women -jwimin, -man

Key:

woman
'far-;

ES

'foa^wsd, 'foa-

E + 'faa-

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

'foads-, 'faads-

ES

fa'gEtmi^nat,

ES

fa-

fa-; |-gave -'gev [-given

-'givan |-ness -nis

forgo far'go;

ES

faa'go; |-went -'went |-gone

forgot fa^'gat;

ES

fa'gat, -'got; |-ten

ES

forjudge far'dsAds;

ES

faa-;

faak; |-ed

forked adj farkt, 'farkid;

ES

|-s

-^i

-iz |-d -d

-t

ES

faak-

fa'laan; |-ness -nis

form farm; ES faam; |-ed -d [-al -1 j-ally -li

The pron. form /or the sense 'rank,' 'bench,'
once current in Engd, comes from a
variant furme, fourme 'fu:rma. Cf course,
formaldehyde far'maelda^haid; ES fa'mael-

ME

ES 'faamES 'faam-; |-ist -ist

formahty far'maelati; ES faformalize 'farml^aiz; ES 'faam-; |-s -iz |-d -d
formant 'farraant; ES 'faamformalin, F- 'farmalin;

formalism 'farmjjizam;

faa-; |-ed -d

foreword 'for^wyd,

ES

forgive fa^'giv;

forlorn fy'larn;

f ore- topmast

jwyd,

ES

-jHOt

fork fark;

'foa^tap,

E + 'faa-

see

fa-; \-\y -i

-'gan, -'gnn, less freq. -'gan

foa-,

foretoken

'foad3a(r, 'faa-;

see forge

forgettable fa-'gEtabl;

-'Gat
11

double forms

fa-; \past -got -'gat \pptc

forethought

-iz |-d

say ford,

-gotten, -got -'gatn, -'gat; |ES + -'gDt(n)

forget-me-not fa^'gEtmijUat;

-'told

fo rethink for'Giijk, far-;

|-s

see forge

forgetive 'fardsativ, 'for-;

l-d -id

foretop

ES

forger 'fardsa^, 'fordsa^;

forget fa^'gEt;

E + 'faa-

'foa-,

ME

from

results

etc.,

faadj;

many who

a by

'fordsa & 'fatrdsa.

|-y -I

forestation jfaris'te/an, jfar-, jforforetaste

ES 'faafa(r; [-shire
ES -;Jia(r, -Ja(r
forfeit 'farfit; ES 'faafit; j-ed -id
forfeiture 'farfit/a^; ES 'faafitJa(r
forfend far'fend; ES faa 'fend; |-ed -id
forgather far'gaetia'; ES faa'gae?ia(r; j-ed -d
'f^rf^^; loc. 'fnrfar;

forG,

forest 'farist, 'far-, 'for-, -ast |-ed -id |-ry -ri

E+

'foaJa:d,

-Jir, -/;

forgave fa^'gev;

'faa-; ('fore^sighted 'act)

ES

'far-;

'faa-, -ija:d

Forfar

ES

foreshorten for'Jortn, far-;

forestall

former

172

foresheet

foreshore

format 'farmaet {Fr

far 'ma)

formation far'me/an;
formative 'farmativ;

ES faaES 'faam-

forme farm; ES faam

former 'farma^; ES

'faama(r;

|-ly

-li

'farmali, by r-dissimilation, is often heard.

bee bi [pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) [rate ret |yet jet [sang saeg |angr>' 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj, wntj" (12) Ijaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

formic

Fourier

173
of fortnight here given

leading to easier confusion with formally

tions

(121).

phonetic or analogical developments.

ES

formic 'farmik;

'foam-; |-ary -jEri

fortress

ES

-tras;

'fartris,

are regtdar

'faat-;

ES 'foamformicate V 'formijket; ES 'foam-; |-d -id

formidable 'fornudabl; ES 'foam-; |-bly -bli

fortuitous far'tjuatas, -'tiu-, -'tu-;

Formosa far'mosa; ES

fortune 'fart/an;

formicate adj 'farmikit;

Brit+io^mid-

ES

formula 'farmjala;
|-lary

'faam-;

-z |-lae -}i

ES

ES

ES

fornicate 'farnijket;

ES

fornication jfarni'keXan;

Forres 'fans, 'fans,

forsake fa^'sek;

good speakers

jfaan-

'foris, -iz |-'s -isiz, -iziz

ES

fa-; |-sook -'suk 1-saken

ES

fa'suG

ES

forspend far 'spend;

faa-; [-spent -'spent

|-swore

faa'swaea(r;

ES

-'swarn;

faa'swea(r,

-'swor,

E + -'swaa(r;

-'swoa(r,

-'swar;

-'sworn,

|-sworn

fa^'saiO;

ES
ES

The

Lydia

(Z,

ES

English Latin

Lydia); the 2d,

E+faat

foat,

music

'farti, -te;

ES

ES

ES

foae,

forthcoming 'forG'kAmig,

E+faat

foat,

'farO-;

faa-

-iz |-d -t

F-

'fasta^, 'fas-, ^fos-;

ES

-ta(r; |-ed -d

-tang, -trig

|-ing

Fostoria fas'tona, fos-, -'tar-; S -'tor-'Srig-;

ES + 'ft?l-

fat

ES

foulard fu'lard, fa'lard;

-'la:d,

E+-'la:d

foul-breathed 'faul'breGt

foulmouthed 'faul'mau'Sd,
-iz

|-'s

faund
faund [founded 'faundid

found past
V

-Gt |-thedly -'Sidli

|-es -iz

b" pptc of find

|-al -| |-ally -Ii

ES -da(r; |-dress -dris

'faunda^; ES -da(r; j-ed -d j-ing

founder v

ES

foaG-,

foundery 'faundari, 'faundn |-dry -dri

ES

foaG-,

'faundang, -drig
fount faunt

E+faaG-

fountain 'fauntn, -tin, -tan

four for, far;

fortification jfartafa'ke/an;

ES

ES

Fortinbras 'fartn^braes, 'fartin-;

ES

ES

foa(r,

E+faa(r

ES fua'drini'a(r
ES 'foa-, E + 'faa-;
-t [-er -a^; ES -a(r
adv 'for 'fold, 'far-; ES 'foa-,

four-flush 'for'fkj, 'far-;

'faat-

fa'tis-;

ES

Fourdrinier fur'drini*;

/faata-

'faata-; |-fied -jfaid

fortissimo far'tisajino;

{It

|-es -IZ |-ed

for-

fourfold adj,

E + 'faa-

'tissijmo)

fortitude 'farta^tjud, -jtiud, -^tud;

[full

ES

'foaG-,

E+faaG-; ('forth^right 'mind)

'fartnait,
'foat-;

Some

-z

founder n 'faunda^;

ES

forthwith forG'wiG, farG-, -'wi(J;

'faat-,

far 'went;

foundation faun'de/an

'faat-

E+faaO

forthright adj, adv forO'rait, farG-;

fortnight

-z j-ra -ra

-^aizd
foster,

found

E+'faaG-

fortify 'farta^fai;

|-s

Foulness jfaul'nes

ES

'faat-

Fortescue 'fartis^kju, -jkiu;

forth, F- fore, farO;

|-s

'farad.

foulness 'faulnis

forte ^strong point' fort, fart;

forte

ES

|-s

foul faul |-ed -d |-ly 'fauUi, 'fauli

ES

the analogy of Forsyth,

fort fort, fart;

jfaati'naina(r

use the historical pron.

Fotheringay 'faSarigjge,

fa'saiG

1st pron. follows

as in

tradition,

ES

forwhy far'hwai; ES faa'hwai

fought

'faasait

forsythia, F- fa^'siOia, far-, -'sai6-, -Oja;

fa-, fa-;

ES
ES

-'swoan, E+-'swaan

Forsyte 'farsait;

'faat/an^telaCr

fossil 'fasl, 'fosj; |-ize -^aiz |-izes -^aiziz |-ized

forswear far'swer, -'swaer;

Forsyth

'fara'd;

fosse fas, fos

-'sekan
forsooth fa^'suO;

ES

'faawad;

still

forwent past of forgo

'fonst

'farist, 'farist,

ES

forward 'farwa^d;

'faan-; |-d -id

faa-

'faati; |-tieth -tiiG |-fold -'fold

forum 'foram, 'faram; S 'foram;

ifaam-

fa-;

'faa-; |-nate -it

forty-niner ^farti'naina^;

'faam-; |-d -id

formulation jfarmja'le/an;

ES

'farti;

ES

-'tiu-, -'tu-;

ES

fortuneteller 'fart/an^tela^;

forty

formulate 'farmjajet;

Forrest

|-s

-Jen

ES

|-tism -jtizam |-ty -ti

Fortuna far'tjuna,
faa-

-iz

|-es

l-ed -t

|-ly

'fort-,
-li

-nit,

ES

'faat-

-nat;

ES

All the pronuncia-

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

ES

four-footed

'f or'f utid,

'far-

Fourier jfuri'e, 'funa^;

ES

ES

'foa-,

E+

'f

aa-

jfuri'e, 'furi-aCr;

{Fr fu'rje)

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kiedl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


Fourierism
Fourierism 'furia'jizam
four-legged 'for'kgid,

fragrance 'fregrans |-cy

|-ist -ist

four-in-hand 'foriiijhaend,

'for-;

ES

-'kgd;

'for-,

'foa-,

'for'maestid,

ES

'for-;

'foa-,

ES

four-o'clock 'fora^klak, 'fora-;

'fora^klak,

E + 'fara-

fourpence 'forpans,

ES

'for-;

E + 'foa-;

'foa-,

-penny -jpeni, -pom

'foo'postoCr,

E + 'foo('four, score

foursome 'forsom,
foursquare

ES

'for-;

'for'skwer,

'foo'skwEoCr,

franc fraegk

E + 'fooS

ES

foa-,

'foo-

(,he's

fourth fore, forO;

ES

four-wheel adj, n

-d

-iz |-d

Franck fraok {Fr

Kuno

-sis

|-cis'

|-co

-ko

fra:k, Ger fragk)

'kuno'fragka

Franco-American

'f raeijkoa

'merakan

Franco-British 'fraegko'britij"

ES

E+foo-;

foo-,

acct + 'four 'teen th

-ths -8s
I

{It fran'tjeska)

|-s

Francisca fraen'siska |-can -kan

Francke,

E+foa-;

-iz
|-ces' -sis

Francis 'fraensis; E-h'fran-, 'fran-;

-'skwaer;

|-'s

Frances 'fraensis E-i-'fran-, 'fran-;

franchisement 'fraent/izmant

'foo-,

Engd

'fremig,haEm,

'ten)

-'skwaeoCr;

fourteenth for'tinO, for-;

'for-;

ES

Franco-German 'fraegko'dsyman; ES -Mssm-,

-'ds^mFrancophile 'fraegka,fail

fooG, E-t-fooO; |-ths -Gs

'for,liwiI,

'foo-,

E + 'foo-

Francophobe 'fraegka,fob

j-bia jfraegka'fobia

Franco-Prussian 'fraegko'prAjan

four-wheeled 'for'hwild,

'for-;

ES

'foo-,

E+

f outer, -tre 'futa^;

ES

frangipani ^fraendsi'paeni, -'pani

'futoCr

frank, F- fraegk |-ed -t

fowl faul [fowled fauld |fowhng 'faulig

ES+fnks;

|-es

-iz

|-ed -t

|-glove

Frankfurt

-d

ES

'pilot' 'foijy;

foyer 'lobby'

'foi-e;

'foia^,

ES

'foi-3(r,

'foi-e;

frankfurter, F- 'fraegkfa^ta^;

franklin, F- 'fraegklin

{Ger

ES

'fraegkfata(r

frantic 'fraentik j-ly

|-al -} |-ally -li

Eraser

fractious 'fraek/as

fracture 'fraektJV;

ES

f rae

re ; unstr. fre,

'freza^, 'fresa^;

frater 'freta^;

-tJaCr; |-d -d

fraternal

f ri

'fraedsal, -dsil |-gilely -dsali, -djili,

ES

-iz

ES

-a(r; {Sc 'fre:3ar)

'freta(r

fra'tynl,

fre-;

ES

ES

-'tynl;

-Han-, -'tyn-

fraternize 'fraeta^^naiz, 'fret-;

fragment 'fraegmant

-'tsnl,

l-ly-i

fraternity fra'tynati;

-lUi

fragility frae'djilati, fra-

fragmental fraeg'mentj

|-s

-li |-ally -li

frappe frae'pe |-ed -d (Fr fra'pe)

fractionate 'fraekj"an,et |-d -id

'f re, ,f

|-ite -^ait

frankpledge 'fraegk^pleds

Brit 'fraeka, pi -kaz

|-es -iz;

fraction 'fraek/an |-ed -d

ES

-ta-;

|-s

-iz

1-d-d
fratricide 'fraetrajsaid, 'fretra-

|-ly -i

fragmentary 'fraegman,tri

|-ly

-li,

esp.

if

See in full 3-47.

fratricidal jfraetra'saidl, ^fretra-

fraud frod

efnph. ,fraegman'terali

ES 'fraegkfat
ES 'fraegkfat;

'fraegkfa^t;

frankincense 'fraegkin,sens

F- fra

fracas 'frekas

jbath baeO;

'fraegkfa^t;

'fragkfurt)

'foi-3(r

{Fr fwa'je)

stressed

Frankenstein 'fraegkan,stain, -kinFrankfort

-,glAV |-hound -,haund |-tail -,tel

foi |-ed

frangible 'fraendsabl |-bihty jfraendsa'bilati

frangipane 'fraendsa^pen

'fo3-; ('four-, wheeled 'truck)

Key:

Mass

and

'four'teen, 'four^teen 'men)

-alli,

Framingham
-migam

franchise 'fraent/aiz

'for-,

'foo-,

fourteen for 'tin, for-;

fragile

frame-up 'frem,Ap

'foa'skooCr,

'skwaeo(r; ('four,square 'room)

fra,

-d

Francesca fran'tjeska

E + 'fo3'sko3(r;

foyer

-d

-iz |-d

|-d

ES

fourscore 'for'skor, 'for'skor;

foy V

|-s

France fraens; E-i-frans, frans;

ES

four-poster 'for 'posts', 'for-;

fox faks;

frez

framework 'frem/wyk; ES -,w3k, -,wyk

-'mast-

E-i-'faa-, -'mast-,

f raise

frame frem

four-masted

-ant

-i |-ant

frail frel |-ly 'frelb, 'freh |-ty -ti

'for-

E + 'f33-

-jklok,

fraud

174

bee bi [pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

|-ful -fal

-fully -fall

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr},' 'aeg-gri

far |watch wat/,

wntj

(12) |jaw dso [gorge gord3 |go go

fraudulence

175

fraudulence 'fr3d33l3ns [-cy

-i |-lent

-lant

fritter

frequence 'frikwans

-iz [-cy -i [-nt -nt

|-s

frequent v fn'kwent [-ed -id

fraught f rat

Fraunhofer 'fraun/hofa^;

ES

Frere

-^hofaCr

ES

'freza', 'fresa^;

Frazier 'fresa';

frir;

ES

fna(r, S-i-fra(r

fresco 'fresko [-ed -d

fray fre |-ed -d

Frazer

ES

-3(r; {Sc 'fre-.sar)

'fre53(r; cf Fraser, Frazer

fresh fre/

freshen

'f

[-es -iz [-ed -t

re/an [-ed -d

[-ing 'fre/anig, -/nig

frazzle 'fraezl |-d"-d |-ling 'fraezhg, -zlig

freshet 'fre/it

freak f rik

freshman 'fre/man [-men -man

freckle 'frekl |-d -d |-ling 'freklirj, -klig

Fresno 'frezno

Frederic, -ick 'ftEdarik, 'frdrik

fret fret [-ted -id [-ful -fal [-fully -fall

Frederica jfredaVika

-ibyg
Fredonia

fretsome 'fretsam

NY, Kan fri'donia;

{Am Sp fre'Sonja)

'donja

ES

'frednksjbyg;

Fredericksburg

ES

free fri |freer 'fria^;

ibsg.

Colombia fre-

ES

-jboad,

E+

-jbaad

friar,

F-

ES

'fraia', frair;

ES -jbutaCr
ES -jbaan
ES 'friban

[d -d

fribble 'fribl

freeborn 'fri^born;

fricassee ^frika'si [-d -d

Freeborn

'friba^n;

friction 'frik/an [-ed -d

Friday

freedom, F- 'fridam

freedwoman
'frid^wuman,
-Vimin, -an see woman

-jwu-

-men

'fraidi

spelt

friedcake 'fraid jkek

friend trend |-ly

freehand 'frijhaend

frier 'fryer' 'fraia^;

freehanded 'fri'haendid

Fries

Sw

[-'s

-IZ

freehold 'fri^hold

Freemason
free-soil,

-man

fries

F-

ES

'fri'sail ('Free-jSoil

frieze friz

'party)

ES

ES

-bsg,

-byg;

(Ger

[-sic

[-s

frighten 'fraitn [-ed -d [-ing 'fraitnig, -tnig

frightful 'fraitfal [-ly -i

frijol, -e 'frihol, -'bol

Fremont John C. 'frimant, -mont, fri'm Fremont

'frimant, -mont
French frsntj [-'s -iz [-man, -men -man
[-woman -^wuman [-women -jWimin, - an

frill fril

woman

Freneau

'f

rent/a ^fai

l-ed -d

fnnds

[-s

-iz [-d -d

frippery 'fripari
Frisian 'frisan, 'fri3ian

frit frit

[-fied -^faid

frith frie [-ths -Os

frenetic fra'netik, fri- |-al -1 [-ally

[full

fringe

frisk frisk |-ed -t

fri'no, f re-

frenzy 'ftEnzi

-zik |-sish -zij

[-d-d

-iz

freight fret [freighted 'fretid

Frenchify

schol. friz

fraiz

frigid 'fridsid |-ity fri'd3idati

'fraiburk)

see

Am

fris;

fright frait |-ed -id

-'GigkaCr

friz |-s -iz [froze froz [frozen 'frozn

'fraibyg;

'frai'a(r

Ger philos.

Frigg frig [Frigga 'friga

freethinker 'fri'eigka^;

F-

ES

frigate 'frigit

freestone, F- 'frijston

Freiburg

from fry

[-ship -/ip, 'fren/ip

-li

Friesland 'frizland, -Jaend

'fri-aCr

free-spoken 'fri'spokan

freeze,

hot.,

Friesian 'frisan

'frijmesn, ;fri'mesn |-ry -ri

'fria^;

Fridy in 1642

fried past b' pptc of fry fraid

free-for-all 'frifa^bl ('free-for-.all 'fight)

freeman, F- 'friman |-men

[-ling 'friblig, -blig

fricative 'frikativ

freedman, F- 'fridman [-men -man

F-

'frai'a(r, fraia(r

friary 'fraiari

freebooter 'fri^buta^;

freer,

-jwsk, -jwa^k

Freud fraid {Ger frayt) Freudian 'fraidian

Frey fre, Swiss statesm. frai
Freya 'frea [Freyja 'freja
friable 'fraiabi

'fri-aCr

freeboard 'fri^bord, -^bard;

ES

fretwork 'fret^wsk;

|-ied

fritillary 'fritljeri

-d

fritter 'frita-;

ful [tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

[using 'juzig [fuse

-h

f juz,

ES

'fstJa

ES

'frita(r; [-ed

-d

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

176

frivol

frowzy 'frauzi

frivol 'frivi |-ed -d 1-ing 'frivlig, -vlig

frivolity fnValati;

ES + -'vd1-

froze froz [frozen 'frozn

fructification jfrAktafa'keJan

frivolous 'frivabs, 'frivlas

friz,

full

fructify 'frAkta^fai |-fied -^faid j-tose -tos

-zz friz [frizzes 'fnziz [frizzed frizd

frizzle 'frizl |-d -d |-ling 'frizlig, -zlig

fructuous 'frAktJuas

fro fro

frugal 'frugl, 'friugl |-ity fru'galati, fnufruit frut, friut |-ed -id |-ful--fal [-fully -fall

Frobel 'frebl {Ger 'frorbal)

Frobisher 'frobija^;
frock frak;

ES

ES+frnk;

fruitcake 'frut^kek, 'friut-

'frobij3(r

fruiterer 'frutara^, 'friut-;

|-ed -t

ES

froe fro

fruition fru'i/an, fnu-

Froebel ^frebl {Ger 'frotbal)

frumenty 'frumanti, 'fnufrump frAoip j-ed -t

frog frag, frag, frog; S frog, frag, frog; |-eye

frustrate 'frAstret [-d -id |-tion frAs'treJan

-jai

Frohman 'froman
Froissart

frustrum erron. for frustum 'frAstram

ES

'froisart;

E+-sa:t; {Fr

-sa:t,

ES + 'frolik;
'from,

stressed

'frAm, jfrAm; tmstr.

Frome Eng
from

|-some -sam

jfram,

^frnm,

fram
frum

rivs. b' places

'f ju/a,

-d j-ling 'fAdhg, 'fAdhg

l-d

fudge fAds [fudges

Fronde Fr fro:d

Fuegian fju'idsian,

-idsiz

%Antid

j-age -ids 1-ages

'frantajnaek,

'frnn-,

in

C+Fr

frota'nak

ES

-'ti3(r, -ti3(r,

S+-'te3(r, -t83(r;

|-sman -zman |-smen -zman

frontispiece 'frAntis^pis,
|-s

'fira',

ES

'fju-;

ES + 'fron-;

-IZ

fugleman 'fjuglman,
fugue fjug, fiug

fro3(r,

E+fr33(r

'fju-;

pron. -fal,

frost frast, frost |-ed -id |-ing -ig

understood that
-ful

formal

-jbitn
'frost-,

'frost ^f la ua^,

-jflaur;

ES

ES

-ra(r; {Ger 'fj-:rar)

Only

-fl, less freq. -ful.

Many

-f 1 is

the

being

a common variant, and

less freq. one, being

style

it

heard chiefly in

or consciously careful speech.

adjectives in -ful are omitted

from

the

vocabulary.

-yflau'3(r, -jflau3(r
'frost jwyk,

-man

pron. -fal is given in the vocabulary,

frostbite 'frast^bait, 'frost- |-bit -jbit [-bitten

frostflower

j-men

unstressed ending forming adjectives (plaj^-

ful),

ES

'fira^,

'fiu-

-d

|-d

Fuji 'fudsi [Fujiyama jfudsi'jama

-i\i\

frore arch, fror, frar;

'frost-;

ES

-iWyk

-jwak.

-ful half-stressed

ending of compound nouns

(cupful 'kApjful).

froth froe, froO |-ths -Gs |-ed -t

-ful, -full stressed

second element of compound

Froude frud

adjectives (brimful,

frou-frou 'frufru

full 'h^f'ful, -,ful).

frounce frauns

j-s

fulcrum 'fAlkram

-iz |-d -t

frouzy 'frauzi

frown fraun

|-ed -d

frowsty 'frausti

ES

-ad,

-wad

'brim'ful, -jful, half-

-z [-ra -ra

-d

fulgent 'fAldsant [-gid -dsid

fulgor 'fAlga';

ES

full ful [fulled

fuld [fully

-ga(r; |-ous -as

'full

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret jyet jet [sang seg |angr\' 'aeg-gri
baG (10) |ah a [far far [watch wat/, wot/ (12) jjaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

[-s

-11

fulfill, -fil ful'fil |-(l)ed

fro ward 'froa^d, 'frowa'd;

Key: See

'fweds-ra(r; {Ger 'fy:rar)

fugacious fju'ge/as, fiu-

Fiihrer

'fran-;

frontlet 'frAntlit

frostwork

Adsiz [fudged fAdsd

fiu-,

fugitive 'fjudsativ, 'fiu-

frontier frAn'tir, fran-, frnn-, ^frAntir, ^fran-.

'fron-;

Fuehrer

'f

fuel 'fjual, 'final [-ed -d

|-al -1 |-ally -li

Frontenac

'fuksia

'fiu-, -Jia, generic

frond frond, frnnd

front frAnt [fronted

-a(r

fuchsin 'fuksin [-sine -sin, -sin

fuddle 'fAdl

heard in Engd.

is also

ES

Fryeburg 'fraibyg; ES -bag, -byg

fuchsia, F-

sp. pron.

-z

-z |-ta -ta

|-s

fry frai [fried fraid [fryer 'fraia^;

jfrom.

[-s

j-tra -tra

frustum 'frAstam

frwa'sa:r)
frolic 'frahk;

from

-tara(r

fullback
fullback ^fuljbaek
fuller 'fula^;

ES

'f

Alma^net

fulsome 'fulsam,
'fultni

Fulvia

'f a1vi3,

fulvous

'f

fsl, fyl; |-ed

-nant

|-d -id |-nant

'IaI-

-vja

a1v3s

'fiu-, -jt3ri;

-jtori

furrier 'fyia^;

'fjumit, 'fiu- |fumette

juma^get,

fumiter 'fjumata',

f ju'met,

fiu-

ES

'fiu-;

-t3(r

'fiu-, -itari;

S -jton

'fjumi, 'fiumi

fun fAn funned fAnd

I

function 'fAgk/an |-ed -d

|-al -1 [-ally -|i

fund fAnd [funded

'f

Andid

fundament 'f Andaman!

fundamental ^f Anda'mentj

'fiu-;

ES

'fsnit/aCr, 'fs'nit/aCr

ES

'fsn-, 'fs^n-

-raa(r

ES 'fsri-aCr, 'fAr-, 'fyi'a(r

ES 'fsrig, 'fs'ig
furrow 'fyo, -a; ES 'fsr-, 'fAr-, 'fy-; |-ed -d
furrowing 'fs^awig; ES 'fsrawig, 'fAr-, 'fyfurry 'fs^i; ES 'fsn, 'fyi
further 'fytJa-; ES 'fsSaCr, 'fy3a(r; |-ed -d

|-ly -i |-ism

-jizam

2d pron.

-^mar;

ES

E+-jm3a(r;

In

'fySa-,

'fs^Sa^jinor,

has become a by dissimilation

{121).

ES 'fstSa-,
ES 'fs-, 'fyES 'fs-, 'fs'-

furthermost 'fytJa^jmost;

Andi

furtive

fury

'fs^tiv;

'fjuri, 'fiuri

ES

furze fyz;

j-ly -i

funest f ju'nest, fiu-

fsz, fyz; j-s -iz |-d -d

fuscous 'fAskas

fungicide 'fAndsa^said

fuse fjuz, fiuz

fungoid 'fAggaid

fusee gun

|-al

fAg'gaidl

fungous adj 'fAggas

fungus n 'fAggas

'fAudsai

funicular fju'nikjala^, fiu-;

Fr

-d

fiu-

fy'ze

fusel 'fjuzl, 'fiu-, -si

fuselage

ES

j-s -IZ |-d

f ju'zi,

fusee mils.

|-es -iz |fungi

funicle 'fjunikl, 'fiu-la(r

'fjuzlids,

'fiu-,

-^05;

fusibility jfjuza'bilati, jfiu-

funnel 'fAnl |-ed -d

fusible 'fjuzabl, 'fiu- |-bly

-bh

Am

fusiform 'fjuza^farm, 'fiu-;

ES

ES

f3(r,

fy; |-red -d

{Fr

-'ia(r,

S+

-jfaam

fusil 'fjuzl, 'fiu-, -zil

ES 'fs-, 'fy-; j-ed -d

ES 'fs-, 'fy-; |-es -iz |-ed -t
furcate adj 'fyket, -kit; ES 'fs-, 'fyfurcate v 'fyket; ES 'fs-, 'fy-; \-d -id
furfur 'fa^fa^; ES 'fsfaCr, 'fyfaCr; |-es -^iz j-al
furbelow 'fybl^o;

furbish 'fs^biji

-eer

fusilier,

^fiu-;

ES

fusillade jfjuz|'ed, ^fiu- |-d -id

fusion 'fju3an, 'fiufuss fAs [fusses

furibund 'fjun^bAnd, 'fio-

fustic

Astik

furious 'fjurias, 'fiu-

fustigate

'f

'f

Asiz [fussed fAst

Ast/an

'f

ES

^fjuzl'ir,

-'eaCr

fustian

jfuU ful [tooth tu6 [further 'fy'Sa^;

-iz

|-s

fyz'lazs)

funk fAgk [funked f Agkt

fur fy;

{Fr fy'z)

'fiu-, f ju'zen, fiu-

fusain 'fjuzen,

Andsai

'f

^fs'tSa-

furthest 'fytJist;

|-es -iz

funereal fju'nirial, fiu-

funny

-Srans

|-ing -tiarig, -'Srig ]-ance -ans,

the

funeral 'fjunaral, 'fiu-

'f

ES

'fynavl;

-all

'f juror,

'fs-, 'fs^-; |-es -iz |-ed -t

'fstSa^moaCr, 'fySajmoaCr,

|-ist -ist

fungi

Furnival,

furthermore

functionary 'fAgkJaiijeri

fundus 'fAndas

|-'s

furring 'fs'ig;

'fiu- [-d -id

fumitory 'fjumajtori,

ES

furniture 'fs^nitja^;

fumet

'f

'fs-, 'fs*-

ES 'fs-, 'fyfurnace ^fs'nis, -as; ES 'fs-, 'fy-; |-s -iz

Furnas 'fs^nis, -as; ES 'fs-, 'fs'-; |-'s -iz
Furness, -niss 'fynis, -as; ES 'fs-, 'fy-;

furor

Fundy

S + -lag

'fslo, 'fylo

furmity 'fs'mati;

fumble 'fAmbl |-d -d |-ling ^fAmblig, -blig

fume fjum, fium \-d -d

fumy

-d

'fs-, 'fy-,

furmenty 'fs^manti; ES

furnish 'fyni/;

'fiu-

fumatory 'fjumajtori,

'f

ES

-IZ

fumarole 'fjumajtol,

fumigate

ES

furlough 'fylo;

'fulm3(r

fulmination jfAlma'nefan |-nous ^fAlmanss

Fulton

ES

furl fyl;

furlong 'fs'bg, -log;

-d

'ful3(r; |-ed

ES

fulmar 'fulma^;
fulminate

fustigate

177

'f

Astajget [-d -id [-tor

-',

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij* [vision

Visan [Eden

'idiri

ES

hau

[cradle 'kred} [keep

-a(r

[toy tai

'em

'kipiii

fusty

178

fusty 'fAsti

futtock

]-tily -tli, -till

ES

futhorc, -rk 'fuOark;

future

'fuOaak

futuristic

futilitarian jfjutib'terian, jfiu-, -'ter-, -rjan,

Atak
-tj3(r; |-rism -jizam

,f

jut/a 'ristik, jfiu|-ric

-rik

futility fju'tilati, fiu-

Futrall 'fjutral, 'fiu-

fuze fjuz, fiuz

Futrell

fuzee

'f jutral,

ES

futurity fju'turati, fiu-, -'tiur-, -'tjur-

tili ' tarian

'f

'fjutja^, 'fiu-;

|-ist -ist

futile 'fjutl, 'fiu-, -til |-ly -i

acct + f u

galleass

'fiu-

-iz |-d

j-s

-d

fiu-

f ju'zi,

fuzz fAZ fuzzes 'fAziz fuzzed fAzd

Futrelle f ju'trel, fiu-

|-y -i

G
G, g

letter

Gainsborough

dgi \pl G's, Gs, poss G's dgiz

gab gaeb gabbed gaebd

'genz^byo,

ES

-a;

-^bar-;,

-jbAr-, -jby-; Brit -bara, -bra

gabardine, -ber- 'gteba'jdin, jgaeba^'din;

ES

gabble 'gaebl

gabby

Gairdner

'gardna^,

'g2rd-,

'gaerd-;

ES

'ga:dna(r, 'gaead-, E-i-'ga:d-, 'gead-

-ba|-d

-d

'gaebhg, 'gaeblig

|-ling

gable 'gebl

gait get Igaited 'getid

gaiter 'geta^;

'gaebi

-d

|-d

ES

'geta(r

Gains 'geas, 'gaias

|-ling 'geblig, 'geblig

j-'s

-iz

Gabriel 'gebrial

gala 'gela

gad, G- gaed gadded 'gaedid

galactic ga'laektik

gadabout 'gaeda^baut

galactose ga'laektos

Gadarine jgaeda'rin, 'gaeda^rln

Galahad

Gades 'gediz

Galapagos ga'lapa/gos {Sp ga'lapagas)

|-es' -iz

gadfly 'gaedjflai

'gaelajhaed

Galashiels jgaela'Jilz

gadget 'gaedsit

Galatea

gadolinium jgaedaUinistn, -^linjam

Galatia ga'le/a, ga'lejia- |-tians -/anz, -Jianz

^gaela'tia

Gadsden 'gaedzdan

Galax, g- 'gelaeks

Gadshill 'gaedz^hil

galaxy 'gaelaksi |-xian ga'l^eksian

|-'s

gadzooks 'gaed'zuks, 'gaed'zuks

Galba

Gaea

gale gel |galed geld

'djia

Gaekvvar 'dsikwar;

ES

Galen

'dsikwarCr

'gaelba

'gelan, 'gelin

Gael gel Gaelic 'gelik jGaelicist 'gelasist

galena, G- ga'lina

gaff gaef gaffed gaeft

Galesburg 'gelzbyg;

ES

gaffer 'gaefa^;

-iz |-ias ga'l^eksias

ES

-bsg, -byg

Galicia ga'lijia, -'hja |-cian -Jian, -Jan

'gaef a (r

gaff-topsail 'gaef'tapsl, -jsel;

ES+-'tDp-

Galilee 'gaela^li [Galilean jgaela'lian

gag gaeg gagged gaegd

Galileo jgaela'lio {It igali'kro)

gage gads gages 'gedsiz gaged gedsd

Gaia 'gea, 'gaia

galingale 'gaelin^gel, 'gaelig^gel

gaiety 'geati gaily 'geli

gall gal

Gallon 'gaelian

gaillardia

ES

gi-;

-^lardia,

E+

|-ful -fal

Gainesville 'genzvil;

-fully -fab

S+-vl

gainly 'genii

acd + 'gain jsay,

-jsaid

See in full 3^7.

jbath baeG;

gallant adj 'amorous' ga'laent, 'gaelant

gallant n 'gaelant, ga'laent |-ry 'gaelantn

gallant v ga'laent |gallanted ga'laentid

gainsay gen'se |-says -'sez, -'sez |-said -'sed,

Key:

Gall gal, gal, gael

gallant adj 'brave' 'gaelant

-'la:d-

gain gen |-ed -d

-'sed,

galled gald
I

ge'lardia,

Gallatin 'gaslatin
galleass 'gaeli,aes, 'gaebas |-es -iz

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr}' 'seg-gri
baG (10) |ah a |far far |watch watj", wotj" (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go


galleon

gaol

179

galleon 'gaehan, ^gaeljsn

Gambia

gallery 'gaelari, -ki |-ied -d

Gambler

galley 'gaeh

'gaembi3
'gaem,bir;

ES

-jbi3(r; /oc-t-gaem-

'bir

gambler 'gaemjbir; ES -jbi3(r

gambit 'gaembit
gamble 'gaembl [-d -d |-ling

gallfly 'gDljflai

Gallia 'gaeha
galliard 'gaelja^d;

ES

'gaeljad

ES

galHardise 'gaelja^djiz;
gallic,

gambrel 'gaembral [gambreled 'gaembrald

Gambrinus gaem'brainas |-'s -iz

G- 'gaehk

Gallicism 'gaelajSizam
Galli-Curci

'gah'kurtji,

'gaeli'kytji;

ES

-'ku3-, -'k3-, -'ky-; {It 'galll'kurtji)

game gem |-d -d [-some -sam

gamecock 'gem^kak; ES-i--/kDk

ES

gallimaufry jgaeb'mofri

gamester 'gemsta^;

gallinaceous jgaeb'nejas

gamete 'gaemit, ga'mit, gae'mit

gamin 'gaemin {Fr ga'mse)

gallinule 'gaelajojul, -^niul, -^nul

gamma

Gallipoli gsUipali, ga'hpajli

Gallipolis

jgaelapa'lis

gallipot 'gaebipat;

Gallitzin

Pa

|-lis's

ES

'gaema^;

gamut 'gaemat

gallivant 'gaebjvaent, jgaelaVaent |-ed -id

gamy

gall-less 'gallis

gan gaen

gallnut 'galjHAt

Gananoque

'gemi
jgaena'nok, /oc.-i--'nakwi {Fr ga-

na'nak)

galloglass 'gaelojglaes |-glasses -jglaesiz

gander

gallon 'gaebn

'gaenda^;

Gandhi 'gandi,

gallop 'gaebp galloped 'gaebpt

|

Galloway 'gaeb^we

ES

gallows 'gaebz, -az

-glasses -jglaesiz

gallowses rare 'gaebziz.

|

gallus 'gaebs [galluses 'gaebsiz

gang gaeo [ganged gaegd [ganging 'gaegig

gange gaends [-s -iz [-d -d
Ganges 'gaendsiz [Ganges' 'gaendsiz

gallstone 'galjSton

gangling 'gaegglig

Gallup 'gbp

gangHon
j-li

'gaendaCr

'gandi, 'gaendi, 'gaendi

ganef 'ganaf-

gallowglass 'gasbjglaes

Gallus 'gaebs

'gaema(r

gammon 'gaeman
Gamp gaemp

ES + -jpiot

ga'litsm

\dial.

'gemstaCr

'gaema

gammer

-Uisiz

gallium 'gaeliam

-bziz

'gaemblio.

'gaemblio

'gaeljad^iz

[-gly -gli

'gaegglian [ganglia 'gaegglia

gangplank 'gaeg^plaegk

-lai |-'s -iz

gangrene 'gaeggrin,

galop 'gaebp galoped 'gaebpt

gaeg'grin,

'gaen-,

gaen-

galore ga'br, -'br;

ES

-'b3(r, E-h-'baCr

galosh ga'laj; ES-h-'IdJ;

|-es -iz

Galsworthy

'gaelz-;

'galz^ws'tJi,

l-d-d
gangster 'gaegsta^;

ES

-jWstSi,

ES

'gaegsta(r

gangue gaeg

-jwySi; Dev 'gaelzari

galumph ga'lAmf [galumphed ga^Umft
Galvani gaelVani {It galVami)

gangway

galvanic gael'vaenik [galvanism 'gaelv3iniz3m

ganoid 'gaenaid [ganoidal ga'naidl

galvanize 'gaslvajnaiz

Gans gaenz

|-s

ganof 'ganaf

-iz |-d -d

galvanometer jgaelva'namata';

ES

'gaeg^we

gannet, G- 'gaemt

-'namatCr,

-'nom-; |-metry -matri

[-'s

-iz {Ger

Gansevoort 'gaensvurt;
gantlet 'gaentlit

gantline 'gaentjlain

Galveston

gantry 'gaentn

Ganymede

Galway 'galwe
gam gaem [gammed gaemd

'gaena^mid

^'

Gambetta gaem 'beta

with hot Irons, in

ful [tooth tu6 [further

-vuat

gaol djel [gaoled A^eXA, formerly gel, geld

Gamaliel ga'mehal, gaWeljal

[full

ES

see gauntlet

galvanoscope gaelVaenajskop, 'gaelvana^skop

'gaelvistn, 'gaelvastn

gans)

'fa^'Sa^;

ES

'fstJa

Some, .again are boring

their very

Noses

rage that they cannot corns

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

a Resolution, whether they

gaolbird 'dselibyd;

ES

garrulity ga'rulati, ga'riulati

American

garrulous 'gaeralas, 'gaerjalas

Garry 'gaen
garth gare;

-iz |-d -d

[-s

in

general

not

is

by a longer

cultivated use.

ES

gas V gaes [gasses 'gaesiz [gassed gaest

ga:b; j-ed -d

ES

ES

Gascoigne gaes'kain, 'gaeskain, 'gaeskin

^gaibids

'ga:bl; |-d -d
]

Gascon 'gaeskan [Gascony 'gaeskani

ling -bho,

gasconade ^gaeskan'ed |-aded -'edid

-bill)

ES

garboard 'gar^bord, -^bard;

gash gaej [gashes

Garcia 'gar/ia,

{Am Sp

gaseous 'gaesias, 'gaesjas,

^garjboad.

E+-jb33d
Col gar'sia;

-/a, -sia,

ES

-a:-:

ES

'ga:dn,

gardener, G- 'gardna^, 'gardna^;

ES

gardenia gar'dinia, -nja;

Gardiner 'gardna^,

gasiform 'gaesajfarm;

ES

-^faam

Gaskell 'gaeskl

'ga:d-

gasket 'gaeskit [gasketed 'gaeskitid

gasKght

ga'din-

'gardna^,

ES

'gardina^;

ES

-lene

;gaes)'m,

'gaesl^in,

gasometer gaes'amata^;

ES

gasp gaesp; E+gasp, gasp;

ES

ga'gaentfua;

-'amata(r, -'oma-

[-ed -t

Gaspe gaes'pe {Fr gas'pe) ('Gasjpe

gaspergou ^gaespa^'gu, 'gaespa^jgu;

-n

ES

gargle 'gargi;

'ga:gl; |-d -d |-ling

?liO.

ES 'gaigail; [-d
Gargrave 'gargrev; ES 'gargrev

US

'gaestan;

Fr name

gass'tan, -'tan,

gastric 'gaestnk [gastritis gaes'traitis

gastroenteritis 'gaestrojcnta'raitis

garish

gastronomic

ES

garlic 'garhk;

S 'gaerij

ES

'garland; |-ed -id

l-al -1

jgaestra'namik;

j-ed -id

ES 'ga:na(r; |-ed -d
ES 'ga:nit; |-ed -id
garnish 'garnij; ES 'ga:ni/; |-es -iz
garnishee igarni'Ji; ES iga:-; |-d -d
garniture 'garnit/a^; ES 'gamit/aCr
Garrard 'gaera^d; ES 'gaerad

gastroscope 'gaestra^skop

garnet 'garnit;

gat gaet
gate get [gated 'getid [-way -jwe
gate-leg 'getjkg [gate-legged 'getjegd

Gath

Key:

See in full 3-47.

'gaetJa^;

ES

'gae?ia(r;

j-ed

-d

[-ing

'gaeting, 'gaeSarig

Gatling

'gaerit |-sville -s,vil

[bath baeG;

gaee

gather

garret 'gaerit

Garrett

ES + -'trDnami

gastropod 'gaestrajpad; ES-F-jpod

garner 'gorna^;

1-ed -t

ES + -'nDinik;

l-aUy -h, -ikh

gastronomy gaes'tranami;

'ga:bk

garment 'garmant; ES 'ga:mant;

-pa-

-'ton {Fr gas'to)

-d

Garibaldi ^gaera'baldi (// jgari'baldi)

garland, G- 'garland;

'tourist)

ES

gastight 'gaes'tait ('gasjtight 'joint)

Gaston

-glio

gargoyle 'gargail;

'gerij", 'gaerij;

'gaez-,

ta(r

'ga:fild

gar'gaent/ua ;

'gaesjlait [-lighted -jlaitid

gasohne,
jgaez-

Gardner 'gardna^; ES 'ga:dn3(r

Gareth 'gaeriG, 'gaeraO
Garfield 'garfild;

ES

-dm

'ga:dn3(r, -dn3(r, -din3(r

Gargantua

'gaez-

'gae/iz [gashed gaejt

gasify 'gaesa^fai |-fied -^faid

gar'sia)

garden 'gardn, 'gardin;

|-n

e.

gas n gaes [gases 'gaesiz [gassy 'gaesi

garbage 'garbids;
garble 'garbl;

-d

Gary 'gri, 'g2:ri, 'gaen, 'gen; S 'gen, 'gaen

Some speakers distinguish Gary /row Gerry

The fidly Anglicized 'gaeridj

'kaerids)

'gserand

garb garb;

ES 'ga:ta(r; |-ed
ES gaiG; |-ths -Os

garter 'garta^;

ga:(r

garage ga'ras, ga'radj, 'gaeras

Garand

garrote, -tte ga'rot, ga'rat; ES+-'rDt; [-d -id

see

gapingstock 'gepig^stak, 'gaep-;

carriage

a (fa:m)

('ken, 94)

garrison 'gaerasn |-ed -d

gaup
ES+-jStDk

gaept

{Fr ga'rais)

N with e

Garrick 'gaerik

shall say.

-^bsd, -^byd

gap gaep [gapped gaept

gape gep, gaep gaped gept,

{of

pronounced in

that have ae before r (carry 'kaeri) are often

Jayl or Gaol." i?. UEstrange {OED).

ES

E with

in which a before r (farm) is sounded a are often pronounced in

Words below
Words below

gar gar;

Gatling

180

gaolbird

to

bee bi [pity

baO (10) jah a

[far

'piti (6)

'gaetlig

[rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gn

far [watch watj",

wutj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

Genevieve

181

Gatun
Gatun ga'tun

geld n geld

gauche goj

geld V geld [gelded 'geldid or gelt gelt

gaucherie jgoja'ri, 'gojajri {Fr goJVi)

Gelderland 'gelda'land;

Gaucho 'gaut/o
gaud god gaudy

gelding 'geldig

ES

'gelda-

gelid 'dselid |-ity dsa'lidati, dse-

'gadi |-ed -id

ES

'gofa^, 'gnfa', 'gafa';

gauffer

-faCr; [-ed -d

gauge geds jgauges 'gedsiz Igauged gedsd

Gaul gal
gaunt, G- gant, gont, gant
cf gantlet

gauntlet 'gantht, 'gnnt-, 'gant

gaup gap Igauped gapt see gape

gauss gaus [gausses 'gausiz
Gauss Christian, Karl gaus; Clarence gas
l-'s

gelt past b' pptc of geld gelt

gem dsem jgemmed dsemd

-fang, -frig

|-ing

geminate

n, adj

geminate

gemination idsema'nejan

Gemini 'd5emainai, as
gemot,

-e

-an,

-ri

(Fr sa'darm)

gender 'dsenda^;

Gautama 'gatama
gauze gaz gauzes 'gaziz gauzy

'dsimani

intj

ga'mot

gemsbok 'gemzbak; ES+-bDk

gendarme 'sandarm; ES -da:m, E+-da:m;
[-ry

-iz

'dsemanit

'dsema/iiet [-d -id

ES -dad;

|-ed -d |-ing

-dang,

-drig

'gazi

gave gev

gene dsin

gavel 'gaevl |-ed -d |-ing 'gaevlig, 'gaevhg

genealogical

jdsenia'ladsikl,

-'lods-; |-ly

gavelkind 'gaevl^kaind

genealogy

Gawain 'gawin, 'gawin

gawk gak gawky 'gaki

jdsini'aeladsi,

ES+-'d1-;

^dsini-;

ES+

-i

[-gist -st;

-'aladsi;

jdseni-,

The a

or

n sound

is

gay ge Igayety
Gaza Palestine

'geati

Mozambique 'gaza

'geza,

genera pi of genus 'dsenara

general M3enaral, 'dsenral |-cy -si

gaze gez gazes 'geziz gazed gezd

|

gazelle ga'zel

generalissimo jd3enararisajmo, ^dsenral-

gazette ga'zet [gazetted ga'zetid

gazetteer ^gaeza'tir;

ES

-'tia(r,

Gdynia ga'dinja, -ma {Pol

ES

gear gir;

gia(r,

S+-HEa(r
[-ed

-d

|-sliift

jdsenarala'zejan,

'dsenaral^aiz,

|-'s

generally 'dsenaralti, 'dsenralti

-iz

gee dsi |geed dsid

generate 'dsenajret

geese gis [geese's 'gisiz

generation ^dgena're/an

geest gist

generic dsa'nerik

ES

'gea-;

[-'s

ES

'ger-;

'gy-,

^g3-,

[-al -1 [-ally -Ii, -ikli

ES

G- 'dsenasis

\pl

geneses 'dgena^slz

Genest, Genet dsa'net, sa'ne {Fr 3a 'ne)

'gaia-

genet, -tte M3enit, dsa'net

Geikie 'giki
geisha 'ge/a

genetic dsa'netik

gel chem. dsel [gelled djeld

geneticism dsa'netajSizam

Mselatn

[-(e)d

Geneva dsa'niva

-d

[-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli [-s -s

[-cist -sist

[-van -van

gelatinate dsa'laetrijet j-d -id [-nous -as

Genevese jd3ena'viz

gelation dsEl'eXan, dsa'l-

Genevieve 'dsenajviv, jd3enaViv

[full

-a(r

Genesee jdsena'si ('Gene^see 'River)

Genesee jdjena'sio
genesis,

-iz

Geierstein 'gaia^^stain;

gelatin, -e

ES

generous 'dsenaras, 'dsenras

Gehenna gi'hena
'gykinz,

[-d -id [-tor -3^;

generosity jdsenaVasati; ES+-'rDS-

'giza(r

Geffrey 'dsefri

Gehrkens

-iz

|-s

generally Msenarali, 'dsenrali

'gediz, -is

'giza",

Msenral-

j-d-d

gecko 'geko

geezer

Msenral-,

-ai'z-

generalize

-Jrft

Geauga dsi'aga
Geddes

generality jdsenaVaelati
generalization

'gdijia)

S+ge3(r;

found in all parts of the US and in Canada.

The -ology words have influenced it.

ful [tooth tu8 [further 'fytia';

ES

'fstJa

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow hau [toy

Visan [Eden

'Idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


Genevieve
Genevieve,

-vicve

saint

{Fr

'dsena^viv

33nVJ:v)

Genghis

genus 'd3in3s

\pl

genera 'dsEnara

Khan

'djEn-giz^kan, 'dseggiz-

geocentric jdsio'sEntnk

geode 'dsiod

chin' dsi'naial

lite

geodesic jdsia'dEsik, -'dis-

|-al -}

geniality jdsini'aelati, -n'jael-, -nji'aelati

geodesist dsi'adasist; ES-i--'Dd-

genie 'dsenik

geodesy dsi'adssi; ES+-'Dd-

geniculate adj dss^nikjalit

geodetic jdsia'dEtik

genie 'dsim

Geoffrey 'dsEfri

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

genii 'dsinijai

geographer dsi'agrafa^, -'og-;

genital 'dsEnatl

geographic ^dsia'graefik

genitival jdsena'taivl j-ly -i

geography dsi'agrafi, -'og-

genitive MsEnativ

geoid 'dsiaid

geni to-urinary jdsEnato'jura^nEri

geologic

geniture 'dssnitja';
'dsinjas,

ES

+ -ni3s

Gennesaret ga'nEsarit, dsaGenoa Italy 'djenawa, dsa'noa

'd3:nova)

US

|-'s

-iz

\pl

'spirits' genii 'dsinijai

{It

Geneva

ES-|--'lDd3-;

geologize

ES + -'d1-;

d3i'alajd3aiz;

ES

-S3(r; |-cy -si

-'amataCr, -'om-

|-al -j !-ally -li,

geometrician jd3i3m3'trij"3n, d3ijani3-;

l-d

ES + -'Dm-;

|-s

-iz

geophysics ^dsio'fiziks

|-ly -'tilk, -'till

ES + -'pd1-

geopolitics jdsio'palatiks;

gentian 'dsenjan, -/lan

geoponic jdsia'panik; ES-h-'ponik;

|-al -1

ES dsoads; |-'s -iz

Georgette d33r'd3Et; ES dsaaGeorgia 'd33rd33, -d3i3; ES 'd333d3-; ]-n -n
Georgiana d33r'd3aen3, -d3i'aen3; ES d333georgic, G- 'd33rd3ik; ES 'd333-; |-al -1
George d33rd3;

G- Msentail

ME

'dsenti^kssa

gentility dsen'tilati

gentle 'dsentl |-d -d j-ling -tlig, -tlig

|-r -tla^;

-tl3(r; 1-st -tlist, -thst

gentlefolk Msentljfok

j-s

geostatic jd3i3'stetik

-s

gentleman 'dsentlman |-men -man

j-ly

-h

gentlewoman 'dsentljwuman, -jwu- [-men

see

ES +

-d

gentes pi of gens 'dstntiz

-jWimin, -an

-ikh

geometry d3ram3tri; ES-h-'omgeomorphic jd3i3'in3rfik; ES -Waa-

Genseric 'djensarik, 'gen-

gent dsent

ES

-iz

geology d3i'al3d3i; ES-h-'dI-

geometrize d3i'ain3jtraiz;
gentes ^dsentiz

gentilesse 'dsentj^es,

\-s

-jom-

genro 'gen'ro

gentile,

-I

[-al

geologist dsi'aladsist; ES-i--'d1-

geometric jd3i3'mtrik
|-al -1 j-ally -li, -ikli

genre '3anr3 {Fr 5a:r)

genteel dsenHil

-ikb

-ikh

geometer dsi'amata^;

genotype 'dsenOjtaip

\pl

-faCr

dsibidl

geomancer 'd3ia,maens; ES

dsa'noa

genotypic jdseno'tipik

ES

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

i-d-d

Genoese jdsena'wiz

gens dsenz

|-al

jdsia'ladsik;

l-ally -h,

-t/alr

'spirit'

geniuses 'dsinjasiz,

-ikh

|-al -1 |-ally -Ii,

geochemistry jdsio'kEnustri

|-ly -i

genial 'generative' 'dsinial

genius

\less freq.

-es -iz

genial 'cheerful' 'dsinjal

genial 'of

gerent

182

woman

[-s

-s

geosyncline jd3io'sinklain |-nal -sin'klainl

ES + -'tDnES + -'trDpik

geotectonic jdsiotEk'tanik;

geo tropic jdsb'trapik;

gently 'dsentli

geotropism d3i'atr3jpiz3m; ES-F-'nt-

gentrice

gerah

'dsentris

gentry 'dsentri

'gira, 'giro

Geraint d33Vent

genuflect 'djenjujfkkt |-ed -id

Gerald 'd3Er3ld

genuflection, -flexion jdsEniujflEkJan

geranium d33Veni3m, -njam

Gerard d33'rard; ES -'ra:d, E-f--'ra:d; Brit +

genuflexuous ^dsEnju'tlekJuas

genuine MjEnjuin |-ineness 'dsEnjuinnis

Genung dsi'nAg

Key:

'd3Era:d, -rsd

gerent 'd3ir3nt

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret jyet JEt |sang saei) |angr\' 'aeo'g"
baO (10) |ah a |far far [watch wat/, wntj" (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gDrd3 [go go

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

|-ine -jin, -in

gerfalcon

gigolo

183

gerfalcon

ES

-^fakan;

^d^j^tiolkan,

'd33-,

Gethsemane geG'sEmani

ES

Gergesenes 'gyga^sinz;

Gerhard 'gyhard; ES 'gshard, 'gy-, E+-ha:d

gewgaw
geyser

germ dsym; ES dssm, ds^m

german 'ds^man; ES 'dssm-, 'dsymGerman 'djyman; ES 'ds^m-, 'dsym-;
-jizsm

'gjuga, 'giu- |-ed -d |-ry -ri

'spring'

Brit 'giza^;

-a(r
j-ful -fal |-fully -fall

E + 'gast-,

ghastly 'gaesth;

water-heater

'gaisa^,

'gaiza^,

ES

ghast arch, gaest

|-ism

'gast-

ghat, ghaut gat

1-y -I

germander dsa^'maenda^; ES dsa'mfendaCr

germane ds^'men, dsa^-; ES dsa-, dsy-,

ghazi,

ghee

G-

'gazi

gi

Ghent Belg

dsa-; |-maneness -'mennis

Germanic d33''maenik,

ES

d^d^-;

dss-, dsy-,

gent,

gherkin 'gykin;

djent

ES

'gsk-, 'gyk-

ghetto 'geto

d33-

germanium dsa^'meniam, -njam; ES

dss-,

Ghibelline 'giblin, -jin

Ghoorka 'gurka; ES 'guaka

ds^-

Germantown

'dsyman^taun;

ES

'dssm-,

'dsymgermen 'dsymin, -an; ES 'dssm-, 'dsym-;

|-s -z |-mina -mina

ES 'dssm-, 'dsymES Mssm-, Msym-;

ghost gost |-ed -id

ghoul gul

Ghurka
ghyl

'gurka;

giant 'dsaiant

giaour d3aur;
gib,

l-ly -I

germinant ^dss'manant;
germinate 'dsyma^net;

ES
ES

'dsam-, 'dsym'dssm-, ^dsym-;

jd5yma'nej'an;

ES

jdsam-,

ES

-iz

|-'s

|-ess -is

ES

-esses -isiz

dsauaCr

G- gib

gibber v 'jabber' 'dsiba', 'giba^;

-d 1-ing -bang, -brig

ES

-ba(r; |-ed

|-ish -barij, -brij"

ES

'giba(r

gibbet 'dsibit |-ed -id

gibbosity gi'basati;
gib-cat 'Gilbert

'dserad

ES + -'bDS-;

|-bous 'gibas

cat' 'gib/kaet

gibe dsaib [gibed djaibd

Gerrold 'dserald

Gerry 'gen

Gibeon 'gibian

gerrymander 'gerijinaenda', 'dseri-; ES -da(r

Gertrude 'gytrud; ES 'gst-, 'gyt-

giblet 'dsibht

gerund 'dserand, -And

Gibson 'gibsn
giddy 'gidi

'dsirian,

'guaka

gibbon, G- 'giban

jdsymGerontius dsaVantias; ES+-VDn-;

'dsera^^d;

ES

gibber n 'hump' 'giba^;

|-d -id |-tive -IV

germination

-h

'ravine' gil

germinal

'ds^manl;

|-ly

|-ish -i/

germicide 'ds^maiSaid;

Geryon

-ibsg, -jbyg

getup 'getjAp

'gs-, 'gy-

Gerizim ga'raizim, 'gerazim

Gerrard

ES

Gettysburg 'getiz^byg;

'dsy-

|-ive

'genan

|-es

dsa'rAndiv
dsiVaiajniz, ga-

|-ites -^aits

Gibralter dsib'ralta';

gest, -e dsEst

Gideon 'gidian

Gestapo ga'stapo (Ger ga'/tapo)

Gielgud 'gilgud

gestate 'dsestet |-d -id |-tion dses'te/an

gier-eagle 'dsir^igl

ES

-ta(r

-z |-ite -^ait

j-s

gesticulate dsEs'tikjaJet |-d -id

gift gift

gesticulation jdsestikja'le/an, dsesjtik-

gig gig gigged gigd

gesticulatory dsEs'tikjabjton, -itari; S -^tori

gigantean jdsaigaen'tian |-tesque -^tesk

gestion 'dsestjan

gigantic

gesture 'dsEst/a^;

ES

djai'gaentik

j-ally

get get \past got gat, arch, gat gaet \pptc got

in un-

stressed position often git (wi jk^ent git 'in)

('gi-

gigantomachy jdsaigaen'tamaki; ES-t--'tDmgiggle 'gigl 1-d -d -ling 'giglig, 'giglig

I

giglet 'gight

getaway 'getajwe

gigolo 'djigajlo {Fr siga'lo)

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fytJ*;

-ikli

gigantism 'dsaigaenjtizam, dsai'gaentizam

get-at-able gHt'aetabl, git'aetabl

|full

-li,

jgantic 'hound)

-tXa(r; |-d -d

gat or gotten 'gatn; ES+gDt(n)

gifted 'giftid
I

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz jdish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm


gigue

Glamis

184

gigue 3ig

girafife dsa'raef;

Gila 'hib

girandole 'dsiran^dol

gilbert,

Gilbert

G- 'gilba^t; ES -bat
and EUice Islands

^ailsndz, -Isnz;

ES

ES

ES

Girard d33'rard;
'gilba^tn'ehs-

gyd

gird 'encircle'

E+-Va:d

-'ra:d,

\past b pptc girt

gyt or

girded 'gydid; |ES -3-, -y-

-bat-

Gilbertian gil'bytian;

E+-'raf, -'raf

gird

-'bat-, -'byt-

Gilboa gil'boa

gyd; ES gsd, gyd;

'sill' 'sneer'

girdle 'gydl;

Gilchrist 'gilkrist

-dlig,

gild gild gilded 'gildid or gilt gilt

-djaCr

ES

-dlig

|-ler

|-ed -id

'gydl; |-d -d l-hng

'gsdl,

-dja^;

-dla^,

ES

-db(r,

Gilead 'giliad
Giles dsailz

girl gyl,

|-ites -^aits

ES

gal, gyl, geal;

ES gst, gyt; |-ed -id

ES gsO, gyB; |-ths -Gs |-ed -t
gi'zarm; ES -'za:m, E-t--'za:m

girt gyt;

dgil

Jack 6= Gill dsil

girth gye;

gisarme

gill 'ravine' gil

gill

gerl;

Girondist dsa'randist; ES-h-'ron-

Gilfillan gil'fibn
gill 'quarter pint'

Gill

muh lessfreq.

|-hood -hud

-iz

|-'s

Gissing 'gisig

of a fish gil Igilled gild

Gillespie gi'lespi

gist d3ist

Gillett, -e dsa'let, 'dsilit

gittern 'gita^n;

Gillian 'dsiban, -Ijan

give giv Igave gev [given 'givan

gillie,

-y 'servant,'

Gilliss 'gilis

|-'s

'serve' 'gili |-d

'gitan

give-and-take 'givan'tek

-d

giveaway 'giva^we

-IZ

given 'givan

gill-less 'gilbs

gillyflower 'dsili^flaua^, -^flaur;

ES

-jflau-3(r,

Giza

'giza |Gizeh 'gize

gizzard 'giza^d;

-jflau3(r
gilt

ES

past &= pptc of gild gilt

ES

'gizad

glabrous 'glebras

gilt-edged 'gilt'edsd ('gilt-hedged 'book)

glace glae'se {Fr gla'se)

gimbals 'dsimblz, 'gim-

glacial 'gle/al, -Jial |-ly -i

gimcrack 'dsinijkraek

glaciate 'gle/ijct |-d -id

gimlet 'gimlit |-ed -id

glacier

gimmal 'giml, 'dsiml |-ed -d

gimmick 'ginuk
gimp 'trimming' gimp |-ed -t
gin 'begin' gin \past gan gsen

'gleJV;

ES

glacis 'glesis, 'glaesis {Fr gla'si) |-es -iz

|

\pptc

gun gAn

gladden, G- 'glaedp j-ed -d |-ing 'glaednig,

-dnig

gin liquor djin

glade gled

Ginevra dsi'nevra

gladiator 'glaedijeta^;

ES

-d33(r; |-ly -h [-bread

gingival d3in'd3aivl, 'd3ind39vl

Gladiolus

gb'daiab

tlie

gingko, ginko 'gigko, 'dsigko

gladsome 'glaedsam
Gladstone

Ginn gin

stone

'glaed^ston,

pronounced

Giotto 'd3ato, 'd5Dto {It 'd33tto)

Gladys

gip d3ip |-ped -t

glair gler, glaer;

-lai

-Jai

W. E.

name

Glad-

'glad^ston

'glaedis

|-'s

-iz

gka(r,

ES

glaea(r; |-ed -d

ES+-Dn

glaive glev Iglaived glevd

Glamis Scotl glamz, in Shak. 'glamis

in full

|-li

|-eous -las |-y -i

-t

gipsy 'd3ipsi

Ibath baeG;

-stan
his

\pl -li

{Wyld).

ginseng, -sing 'dsinsEi), -sig

Key: See

\pl -s -z

genus gb'daiabs

gink gigk

gipon d5i'pan, 'd3ipan;

-jeta(r

gladiolus plant jgl^edi'obs \pl -es -iz

|-ed -d

gip 'cut fish' gip |-ped

ES

gladiatorial ^glaedia 'tonal, -'tar-; S -'tor-

gladiola jglaedi'ob,

-jbred |-snap -jsnaep

gingham 'gigam

tmcally

glad glaed gladded 'glaedid

gin machine dsin [ginned dsind

ginger 'd3ind33^;

Brit

'gleJaCr;

'glasja

'glaesia,

3^7.

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

[far

'piti

|-'s

-iz

(6) )rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg langr}' 'ag-gri

far |watch watj",

wot/

(12) |jaw d3a [gorge gDrd3 [go go


Glamorganshire
Glamorganshire

glaWargan^/ir,

ES

-/a^;

glamorous 'glaemaras, ^glaemrss

glamour, -mor 'glaema';

glib glib

Ighbbed ghbd

glide glaid |gUded 'glaidid

-'mD3g3njXia(r, -JaCr

ES

glim

gland glaend

glimpse glimps

ES 'glaendaz
'glaendsala'; ES 'glaendsalaCr;

glanders 'glaenda^z;

ES

-a(r

ES

-a(r; |-ed -d [-ing 'glim-

arig, 'glimrig

-iz |-d -t

|-s

|-r -a^;

gbm

glimmer 'ghma';

'glaem3(r

glance glaens; E+glans, glans;

glandular

Gloucester

185

-iz |-d -t

|-s

glint glint glinted 'glintid

I

|-lous

-bs

glissade gli'sad, -'sed |-d -id

glissando gli'sando

\pl -di -di {pseitdo-It)

glandule 'glaendsul

glisten 'glisn |-ed -d |-ing 'glisnig, -snig

glans glaenz \pl glandes ^glaendiz

glister 'glista^;

Glansdale 'glaenzjdel, -dl

glare gkr, glaer;

gleaCr,

Glarus Swtz 'glaras

'glaeras

|-'s

ES

glaeaCr; ]-d -d

Glaris gla'ris),

{,Fr

ES -ta(r;

|-ed -d |-ing 'glistarig,

'ghstrio

Wis

ES

glitter 'glita^;

gloam glom

-ta(r; |-ed

-d

|-ed -d |-ing -ig

gloat glot gloated 'gbtid

-iz

Glasgow

5n7+'gla-

'glaesgo, 'glaez-, 'glaesko,

glass glaes;

E+glas, glas;

|-ly -i

globate 'globet

|-es -iz |-ed -t

E + 'glas-, 'glas-; |-s -z

'glaes^haus;
E + 'glas-, 'glas-;

glassful 'glaesjful;

glasshouse

global 'globl

-houses -jhauziz

globeflower 'glob^flaua^, -jflaur;

ES

-jflau-a(r,

-jflaua(r

ES

glassmaker 'glaes^meka';

-^mekaCr,

E+

globoid 'globoid
globose 'globes, glo'bos |-bous 'globas

'glas-, 'glas-

glassman 'glaesman;

E + 'glas-,

'glas-;

|-men

-man

ES 'glabjala(r, 'globES + 'glnbglobulin 'glabjalin; ES + 'globGlocester 'glasta', 'gins-; ES -ta(r

glockenspiel 'glakan^spil; ES + 'glok-;
globular 'glabjala^;

globule 'glabjul;

glassware

'glaes jWef,

-jwaer;

-^weaCr,

-jwae3(r, 'glas-, 'glas-; S 'glaes;waea(r

'glaes jwyk;

glasswork

E + 'glas-,

ES

-^wyk,

-jwsk,

'glaesn-,

glomerate adj 'glamant, -mrit; ES+'glom-

-ban

Glaswegian glaes'widsan, -dsian

Glauber 'glauba^;

ES

glomerate

gleam glim

'gloria,

-'patri, -'petrai

|-ed -d

glorification jglorafa'ke/an, jgbr-; S iglor-

glorify 'glorajfai, 'gbr-; S 'glor-; |-lied -^faid

glebe glib

-her -jfaia^;
I

|-ful

-fal

|-y -i

S 'gloria; [G- Patri

Gloriana jglori'aena, ^gbr-, -'ena; S jglor-

'gle33(r

glean glin |-ed -d

glee gli

'gbr-;

|-d -id

ES + jglom-

Gloria
|

ES

ES+'glom-;

gloom glum gloomed glumd

glaze glez glazes 'gleziz glazed glezd

|

v 'glama^ret;

glomeration jglama'rejan;

'glaub3(r

glaucoma gb'koms
glaucous, G- 'gbkas
glazier 'glesa^;

{Ger

'gbkanjpi:!)

'glas-

Glastonbury 'glfestan^ben,

|-d -id

globe glob globed globd

[-fully

-fall

-man -man

-men -man

glee V 'squint^ gli Igleed glid

ES

-jfai>a(r

glorious 'glorias, 'gbr-; S 'glor-

glory 'glori, 'gbri; S 'glori; |-ried -rid

see agley

Glos. ahhr. for Gloucestershire glas, gins,

gbs

gloss gbs, gins |-es -iz |-ed -t

gleet glit glee ted 'glltid

I

glossary 'glasan, 'gins-, 'gbs-

glen glen

Glencairn glen'kern, -'kaern;

-'kean,

ES

Glencoe

US

'glenko, Scotl glen'ko

-a(r

Glengarry gkn'gaeri
gley V 'sq^dni' glai Igleyed glaid

'glasta^, 'glos-;

-ta(r

ES+'gbtl
ES + 'glnt-; j-s
'glatis; ES + 'glot-; |-es -iz

glottal 'glatl;

Glendower 'glendaua^, gkn'daua'; ES

jfull

Gloster Ga, La, Minn, Miss

ES

-'kaean

glottalize 'glatl^aiz;
glottis

see agley

ful |tooth tue [further 'fytSa-;

ES

'fatJa

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision

Gloucester

'glasta^, 'glos-,

'gbs-;

-iz |-d -d

ES

-ta(r; in

[custom 'k\stam [while hwail [how hau [toy

Visan [Eden

'idi^

[cradle 'kredj [keep

'em

tai

'kipip

Glouster
Engd

godown

186
'gbs- -shire

loc.

-i/ir, -/a^;

ES

-i/i3(r.

freq.

gan

in unstressed position

(jlets gu'in), or

-/3(r

Glouster

ES
gUvd

go-ahead

'goa'hed

adj

('gq-a'head

ES

Gloversville 'glAva^z^vil;

'go-ajhead

-vaz-

ES

'glau'3(r;

[-ed

-d |-ing

goal gol |-ed -d, children''s game +gul

goalkeeper 'goljkipa';

'glaurig, 'glauarig

ES

glowfly 'glojflai

goalless 'goUis

glowworm 'glojwym; ES -jwam, -jwym

gloxinia, G- glak^siiua, -nja; ES+glok-

goat got

gloze gloz Iglozes 'gloziz Iglozed glozd

goatherd 'got^hyd;

glucinum, -nium glu^samam, -'siniam, gliu-

goatsbeard 'gots^bird;

ES

Gluck gluk

goatsucker 'gotjSAka';
gob, G- gab; ES-f gob

glue glu, gliu |-d -d

gobbet 'gabit;

Glueck gluk

gobble 'gabl;

glum gUm
glume glum, glium
glut gUt Iglutted 'gUtid

-Jaad, -^ha-d

ES -jbiad, S+'^bead
ES -^sAka(r

ES + 'gobit
ES + 'gobl;

gobbler 'gabla^;

ES

Gobi

goblet 'gabht; ES-t-'gnb-

glycerol 'glisajtol, -^ral, -fv\

goblin 'gablin;

'gobi, 'gobi

ES + 'gnb-; In

Annie' Riley protioimced

glyceryl 'glisajril

glycine 'glaisin, glai^sin

goby

glycogen 'glaikadsan, -dsin

go-by 'gOjbai

glycol glaikol, -kal, -knl

gocart 'gOjkart;

glycoprotein jglaikaVrotiin

god gad, god

glyph ghf

God

'dsi^maen |-men -jinen

loc.

'Little OrpJtant

'gabajlm.

'gobi

gad, god,

ES

-jka:t, E-i--jka:t

gad

less freq.

godchild 'gadjtjaild, 'god-

dsi'nednjhAtn

{Ger

na:l, E-i-na:l; |-ed -d

^nae/iz

goddaughter

'gadjdata', 'god-;

goddess 'gadis, 'god-

-hiitten 'gnazdan^hytan)

ES

it

Godalming 'gadlmig, 'god-

1-al -1

gnash naej gnashes

(^Fr

go-between 'gobajtwin

|-y -i

glycerin 'glisrin, -sarin |-ine -rm, -S3jrm

gnarl narl;

ES+'gob-;

ga'bl)

glyceric gli'serik, 'ghsarik

Gnadenhutten 0,

[-ling -blig.

^gabla(r, 'gnb-

Gobbo 'gabo; ES+'gobo

GobeHn 'gabalin, 'gob-;

glutinus ^glutinas, 'gliu-

G-man

-d

j-d

blio

gluten 'glutn, 'ghutn |-ous -as

glutton 'gUtn |-ous -as

-^kipaCr

goatee go'ti

glucose 'glukos, 'gku- ]-coside -ka^said

glyptic 'gliptik

jchap,

'spirit)

go-ahead n 'goa^hed

glow glo glowed glod

glower 'glaua^;

gu

goad god goaded 'godid

'glaustaCr

'glausta^;

glove glAV gloved

often

ga (jkts ga'daun)

[gnashed

godfather

ES

-ta(r

|-es -iz

'gad.fa'Sa^,

'god-;

ES

-,fatJa(r,

E+-,fa(Ja(r

naej't

gnat naet

god-fearing

gnaw na [gnawed nad

]-er 'naa';

ES

^na'a(r

gnome nom

ES

-fa-;

Cgod-for^saken 'place)

gnomic 'nomik |-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

gnomon 'noman, ^nomon
Gnossus ^nasas; ES + 'nos-; |-sus' -sas
gnostic ^nastik;
-ikli |-ism

ES + 'nos-;

Godfrey 'gadfri, 'godgodhead 'gadhed, 'god- |-hood -bed

Godiva go'daiva

|-al -1 |-ally -li.

in fidl 3-47.

godlike 'gadjaik, 'god-

godly 'gadli, 'godb

-ta,sizam

gnu nu, niu, nju

go go [went went Igone gan, gnn, much

Key: See

S+-jferig,

'god-;

god-forsaken 'gadfa^'sekan, ^god-;

gneiss nais

Jbath baeO;

'gadjfing,

-,f jirig, -^f jerig

bee bi |pity

bae (10) |ah a

|far

godmother 'gadjOiAS*, 'god-; ES

less

'piti

godown

'a drink'

(6) |rate ret

far |watch watj,

wo*/

[j'et

-jmA'Sa(r

'go^daun

jtt [sang saeg langrA' 'aeg-gri

(12) |jaw d5a Igorge gards |go go

godown
godown

gonfalonier jganfala'nir,

'warehouse' go'daun

godparent 'gadjperant, 'god-,

-jpaer-, -jper-

godson 'gadjSAn, 'godGodspeed 'gadjspid, 'god-,

Godward 'gadwa^d,

-'spid

ES -wad

'god-;

ES

Goethe

gonorrhea ^gana'ria, jgon-

'gO'3(r

Gonzaga gan'zaga

-iz

|-'s

goober 'guba^, 'guba^;

Goffe gaf, gof

|-ing

(It

ES

gon'dza:ga)

Gonzalo gan'zalo

'geti, 'g3t3 (Ger 'g0:ta)

goffer 'gafa^, 'gofa', 'gafa^;

Gog

-'nia(r,

lES + jgona'kokgonof 'ganaf, 'gon-

Goebbels Ger 'goebals

Goethals 'goOslz

ES

jgon-;

S + -'na(r

gonfanon 'ganfanan, 'gongong gag, gog, gag |-ed -d

gonococcus jgana'kakas \pl -cocci -'kaksai;

godsend 'gad^send, 'god-

goer 'goa^;

Gorgonzola

187

-d

-faCr; |-ed

ES

-ba(r

good gud goodly 'gudli

I

good-by, -bye gud'bai

-fang, -frig

good deal

gag, gog, gag

go-getter 'golgEta^;

ES

goggle 'gagl, 'gog!

1-d

bargain'

'good

'gud'dil,

'much'

gu'dil

-'geta(r

goodhearted 'gud'hartid;

-d |-ling -glig, -glig

goggles 'gaglz, 'gog-

ES

-'ha:tid,

E+

-'lia:tid

Gogmagog 'gagmajgag, 'gogma^gog

good-humored 'gud'juma^d, -'hjuma'd; ES

Gogol 'gogal, 'gogol

-mad
goodman 'gudman |-men -man

Goidelic gai'debk
goiter, -tre 'gaita^;

ES

good-natured

'gaita(r; |-(e)d -d

Golconda gal'kanda ES -f gol'konda

goodness 'gudnis

gold gold, formerly guld

goldbeater 'gold^bita^;

ES

ES

'gud'netja^d;

|-es -iz

goods gudz

-jbita(r

golden 'goldn

good-tempered 'gud'tempa^d;

goldenrod 'goldn ^rad; ES+-jrDd

goodwife 'gudjwaif

goldfinch 'goldjfintj

Goodwin 'gudwin
goody 'gudi
Goodyear 'gudsir,

|-es -iz

goldfish 'goldjfij* |-es -iz

goldilocks,

G-

-iz

j-'s

'goldijlaks;

ES-h-Joks;

|-'s

-iz

gold-plate V 'gold'plet -plated -'pletid

goldsmith, G- 'gold^smiG |-ths -6s

goof guf |-y

Goldwin, Gouldin 'goldwin, 'goldin

googly 'gugk

galf , golf, galf,

much

gof

less freq. gaf,

Golgotha 'galgaOa,
goliard 'golja^d;

ES

'gudjir;

-ia(r,

S-i-

-I

goon gun

ES

goose gus

'gol-

Gollancz 'galants, -aents; ES-i-'gol-;

ES + -'loJ;

-IZ Igeese gis [geese's 'gisiz

'gusjberi,

'guz-,

-ban,

rarely

'guz-

ga'laiae

golosh ga'la/;

j-'s

gooseberry

'goljad

golliwog 'galijwag, -jwog;

|-'s

-iz

ES + 'gol-

gooseneck 'gusjnEk

\-es -iz

gopher

ES

-/hsd, -^hyd; for-

'gofa^;

ES

|-ed -t

-fa(r; j-ed

-d ]-ing ^gofarig,

ES 'gaadES goa(r, E-i-gaa(r; |-d -d

gorge gards; ES gaads; j-s -iz |-d -d |-ous -as
gorget 'gardsit; ES 'gaadsit; |-ed -id
Gorgon 'gargan; ES 'gaagan
Gorgonian gar'gonian, -njan; ES gaGorgonzola jgargan'zola; ES jgaaganGordian 'gardian, -djan;

-'lia(r,

S+

-'l3(r

gone gan, gon, miich less freq. gan

goneness 'gannis, 'gon-, much less freq. 'ganGoneril 'ganaral, 'gon-, -nl

gonfalon 'ganfalan, 'gonful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa-;

(using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish

ES

'gofrig

gondola 'gandala, 'gon- |-ed -d

gondolier jganda'lir, ;gon-;

gooseherd 'guSihyd;
merly 'gaza'd, 'goz-

Gomorrah, -rrha ga'mara, -'mar-, -'morgonad 'ganaed, 'gon-

|full

ES -Htmpad

see wife

Goop gup

|-ed -t

GoHath

-ea(r

goK

-'net/ad;

Cgood-jnatured 'dog)

ES

gore gor, gar;

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

dij" [vision

hau

[toy tai

'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipip


Gorham
Gorham

'garam,

NH

governess 'gAva^nis;

ES

-ki 'garki;

government

'goaki

gormand 'garmand; ES ^gasmsnd

ES

gormandize 'garman^daiz;

'gDam-;

-S -IZ

gory

gaas;

'gori, 'gan;

|-s

S 'gori

goshawk 'gasjhak,
Goshen 'gojan

governor

ES

^gasama(r, ^gos

ES + 'gos-;
gossoon ga'sun; ES+gogot gat; ES+gDt
Gotama 'gatama, ^got-

gossip 'gasap;

ES

'gaua^;

|-ed -t

gatn-

'jeta^baag, 'gatn>3g, -jbyg. 'gDt-;

ES

'gata^d;

loc.

'gAvana^

street

|-ed -d

'gatad,

'got-;

(Fr

-d |-ling 'graeblig, -blig

|-d

Gracchus 'graekas
grace,

G- gres

|-'s

-iz \pl -chi 'graekai

-iz |-s -iz j-d -t

|-'s

gracile 'graesl, -il

gracious 'gre/as
grackle 'graekl
|-d -id

gradation gre'de/an |-ed -d

|-al -1 j-ally -li

grade gred [graded 'gredid

Gotland 'gatland,
gotten 'gain;

Gradgrind, g- 'graedjgraind ]-ian -lan |-ism

-jizam

'got-

ES + 'gotn

gradient 'grediant, -djant

Gotterdammerung Ger 'goetar^dEma/rur

gradual 'graedsual, -dsul

Gotthard

ES

'gata^d;

^gatad,

'got-

(Fr

graduate

Brit +gud5

Gradus, g- 'gredas

|-es -iz

graham, G- 'gream
grail grel

'gulaef, -laj |-es -iz

Gouldin = Goldwin 'goldin

Gouldsboro 'guldz,byo, -a;

Me loc.

grain gren j-ed -d

ES

-jbar-, - jbAr-,

Gounod 'guno {Fr

grainery, -ary 'grenan, 'grenn

gu'no)

the 16c.

cf granarj'.

Both grainery, -ary and granary date from

'gulzbra

gourd gord, gard, gurd;

goad, gaad, guad;

In

US

'grenan, 'grenn appears

to

prevail.

gram graem

Sgoad
'gurmand;

ES ^guamand ;

(Fr

gramarye, -ry 'graeman

gourmet 'gurme; ES 'guame; (Fr gur^mE)

gramercy gra'mysi;
('Gramercy 'Park)

gout gaut

grammar

gur'ma)

NY

govern 'gAva^n;

jgAva^'nur;

ES

ES

jgAva^nua(r

'gAvan; |-ed -d

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

[-d -id

graft graeft; E+graft, graft; j-ed -id

gaf , gnf, gaf

Gouverneur

-dsak

graduation jgraedju'e/an

gouge gauds Igouges 'gaudsiz Igouged gaudsd

gourmand

|-ly -i,

n, adj 'graedsuit, -jCt

graduate v 'graedsu^et

ga'ta:r)

Gottland ^gatland, ^gnt-

Key:

ES

'gAva^na^;

a for & in

'go-a(r, 'gau-aCr

gradate 'gredet

'gotam

Gothic 'gaOik, 'gD0ik [-ism -GajSizam

-jbs'- ;

ES

grabble 'graebl

Gothenburg

or

ga'tarr)

Gough

^gAvna',

grab graeb [grabbed graebd

in Notts 'gatam, ^gotam,

goulash

'gAvana',

gown gaun

{Sw jflta'barj)
Goth gaO, gne, gaO 1-ths -Os
Gotham ^New York' ^gaOam, 'goeam, 'go8am.
Gothard

in formal

gowan 'gauan
Gowanda ga'wanda, go-, -'wonda
Gower ME poet 'goa^, 'gaua'. Loud

Gosse gas, gos, gas

'jetajbarg

the leading

shows dissimilation {121).

gosling ^gazlig, ^gnz-

jbyg;

'gAvamant among

US and England, even

'gAvana(r, 'gAvna(r;

gospel 'gaspl, 'gDS- |-ed -d

Goteborg

ES
No

'gAvanmant;
'gAvmant;

public address.

'gns-

gossamer 'gasama^;

-iz

|-s

|-es -iz

competent observer can doubt the prevalence

statesmen of

-iz

'gAvanans;

'gAvanis;

'gAvanmant,

of 'gAvanmant,

ES

ES

'gAva^mant,

'gAvamant,

l-d-d
gorse gars;

ES

governance ^gAva^nans;

'goram, ^garam

gorilla ga'rila

Gorky,

grammatical

188

'graema^;

ES

ES

-'mssi,

-'my si;

'graema(r

grammarian gra'mErian,

-'maer-, -'mer-

grammatical gra'maetikl

|-ly -i, -ikli

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr}- 'aeg-gn
ba6 (10) |ah a |far far [watch watj, woij (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go


gramme

gratitude

189

ES

gramme graem
gramophone, G- 'graemajfon

grandsire 'graen^sair, 'graend-;

Grampian 'graempian, -pjan 1-s -z

grampus ^graempas \-es -iz
Granada gra'nada (Sp gra'natJa)

grandstand 'graen^staend, 'graend-

granary

'graenari

grainery, -ary

Granary
granarium;

Latin

from English

Granby 'graenbi; in Mass

Gran Chaco 'gran'tjako
grand graend,

Grand Teton

loc.

'graembi

granny 'graem

-iz

gra'nitik, grae-

E+ grant,

grant graent;
{cf

j-tic

|-'s

grant; |-ed -id

Grant graent
grantee graen'ti; E+gran-, gran-

ES

grantor 'graent*, graen'tar;

-i

grandam 'graendam
grandame 'graendem, -dam

granular 'graenjala^;

grandaunt

'graend'aent, miich less freq. -'ant;

granulate adj 'graenjalit

-Wt,

granulate v 'graenjajlet |-d -id

-'ant,

-ta(r, -'taa(r.

E+gran-, gran-

-'aent

grandchild 'graen^tjaild, 'graend- [-ren

-it/il-

dran

ES

'graenjalaCr

granulation jgraenja'lejan

granule 'graenjul

Grand Coulee

Granville 'graenvil

'graend'kuli, -'kuli

granddad 'graen^daed
granddaughter

grape grep

|-dy -i

ES

'graend-;

'graen^data',

grapefruit 'grep jf rut, -jfriut

grapeshot 'grep^/at; ES+-i/i)t

-jdata(r

grandee graen'di

grapevine 'grep^vain

grandeur 'graendsa', -dsur;

ES

'graendsafr.

-d3ua(r

graph

'graenjfa'Sa', 'graend-;

E + -jfa3a(r;

|-ly

ES -jfa?Sa(r,

-h

|-d

graphite 'graef ait |-d -id

graphophone, G-

'graef a jf on

grapnel 'graepnal |-ed -d

grandiloquence graen'dilakwans |-ent -ant

grapple 'graepl

grandiose 'graendi^os

Grasmere 'graesmir;

ES + -'Dsati

'graenma,

'graema,

grasp graesp;

'graemma,

'graema,

'grandma

grandmamma

'graen^mAcSa^,

ES

'graend-;

ES

-mia(r,

'graen'nef ju, 'graend-,

muck

less

freq. -'nevju

grass graes;

E+ grasp, grasp;

E+gras, gras;

|-ed -t

|-es -iz |-ed -t

grasshopper 'graes^hapa^;

E + 'gras-,

ES

-jhapa(r, -jhDpa(r,

'gras-

grate gret [grated 'gretid

grateful 'thankful' 'gretfal |-ly

grandniece 'graen'nis, 'graend-

E + 'gras-,

Grassmann 'grasman

-jmAtSaCr; ]-ly -h

grandnephew

-d |-ling 'graeplig, -plig

Grasse, de da'gras

'graen/mama, 'graend-, -ma,ma

grandmother

|-d

'gras-

Grandison 'graendasn

grandma

|-ed -t

|-ly -li |-ally -li

Grandgent 'graendsant

grandiosity jgraendi'asati;

-d

E+graf, graf;

graef;

graphic 'graefik

grandfather

|-s

grateful

-iz

-i

'filled grate' 'grateful |-s

-z

grandpa 'graenpa, 'graempa, 'graempa, 'graend-

Gratiano jgrae/i'ano, jgra/-, Brit igre/-

pa
grandpapa 'graen,papa, -pa 'pa, 'graendgrandparent 'graen operant, 'graend-, -jpaer-.

gratify 'graeta^fai |-fied -jfaid

-jper-;

Grand Pre

gratification jgraetafa'ke/an

gratin 'graet^ (Fr gra'tse)

-jpaer-, -/per-

grating

'graen'pre, 'graend- {Fr gra'pre)

Gratiot 'grae/iat, 'gre-

Grandpre Shak.

'graenpre, 'graendp-;

gra'pre
|full

-tnn

-iz

\-s

Granicus gra'naikas
granite 'graemt

'graend'lek with 'graen'vju)

grandad 'graen^daed [-dy

grange, G- grends

grain.

some conss.+^xa

before

'graen'titn, 'graend-, -tan,

granduncle 'graend'Aokl

grainery.

cf

comes from

'graenari

-^saiaCr

grandson 'graen^sAn, 'graend-

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

Fr

vil.

'gretirj

gratis 'gretis

gratitude 'graeta^tjud, -jtrad, -jtud

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail

jhow hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

G rattan
Grattan

grey

190
Grecian 'gri/an

'graetn

gratuitous gra'tjuatas, -'tiu-, -'tu- |-ty

gree gri

-ti

gratulate 'graetjajlet, -t/u-

Greece gris

gravamen gra'vemen

-Vaemina
grave grev \past graved grevd \pptc graven
'grevan or graved grevd

greed grid

gravel 'graevl |-ed -d |-ing 'grfevhg, -vhg

green grin greened grind ]-ness 'grinnis

gravel-blind 'graevljblamd

Greenaway 'grina^we

-z |-mina

|-s

-iz

]-'s

|-y -i |-ily 'gridli,

-dih

Greek grik
Greeley

'grili
|

graven 'grevan

greenback 'grin^baek

gravestone 'grevjSton

green-backed 'grin'baekt ('green-jbacked

ES

graveyard 'grevjard;
gravid 'graevid

-jard,

E+-ja:d

greenbrier,

'grin^braia

ES

'bird)

-jbrai'a(r

greenery 'grinari, 'grinri

graVidati

|-ity

G-

gravitate 'graevajtet \-d -id

green-eyed 'grin'aid ('green-^eyed 'Becky)

gravitation jgraeva'tejan

greengrocer 'grin,gros3^;

gravure 'grevjar, -jur;

ES

-gravure -gra'vjur;

ES

'grevja(r, -jua(r

-VjuaCr

graybeard 'gre^bird;

ES

-i.

ES

greenhouse 'grin^haus

|-s

-jhaan
-jhauziz

ES

Greenwich Engd 'grinidg,

places usually 'grinwitj".

graze grez grazes 'greziz grazed grezd

|

grazier 'gresa^;

ES

'grisi

and
and

US

'gnnitj".

Eastern places, or recent imitations of Brit

'grizi

'grtn-, -itj;

How far

'gren- are traditional a^id prevalent for some

'gresaCr

grease n gris greases 'grisiz

grease v gris, griz; S griz;

-^swaad; |-ed -id

Greenville 'grinvil; S-i--vl

-jbiad, S+"-jbead

grayling 'grelio

normal;

greenhorn 'grin^harn;

greensward 'grin^sward;

gray, G- gre

-jgrosa(r; |-y

Greenland 'grinland

gravy 'grevi

grizd

ES

-sn

gravity 'graevati

|-s

-iz |-d -grist,

ta griz are phonetically

ta gris imitate the

noun

is doubtful.

'grEiutJ appears to prevail for

Greenwich Village,

NY.

greenwood, G- 'grin^wud
greet grit greeted 'gritid

grease (gris).

greasewood 'grisjwud
greasy

'grisi,

'grizi;

'grizi

Some

Greet, William Cabell 'wiljam'kaebl'grit

distin-

guish 'grisi 'covered -with grease' from ^grizi

great gret; S occas. gret, a historical ^orm, cj

threat Gret; The pronunciation gret paralof bread, deaf, sweat, thread, tread.

gremial 'grimial

Gremio 'grimijO, 'grimjo

Grenada Miss gri'nada, Brit colony gri'neda
grenade gri'ned

etc.

great-aunt 'gret'aent,

much

less freq. -'ant;

Great Britain

'large

'important

amount'

-'dia(r, S-f-'da(r

Gresham 'grejam, 'gresam

bargain'

'gret'dil,

'gre'dil, 'gret'dil

greaten 'gretn |-ed -d |-ing 'gretnig, -tnig

Greatheart 'gret.hart;

ES

Grendel 'grendl

'gret'britn, -tan

greatcoat 'gret^kot |-ed -id

deal

grenadier ^grena'dir;

grenadine ^grena'din, 'grena^din

-'ant, -'ant, -'aent

great

Gregorian gr'gorian, -'gar-; S -'gorian

Gregory 'gregari

'slimy'.

lels that

gregarious gri'gerias, -'gaer-, -'ger-

ES

greathearted 'gret'hartid;

E + -iha:t
ES -'ha:tid, E +

-jha:t,

-il

greave griv |greaved grivd

grebe grib

grey,

See in full 3-A7.

|bath baeO;

see Hansel and Gretel

Gretna 'gretna
Gretna Green 'gretna'grin

Gretel 'gretl

grew past of grow gru, grra

grewsome 'grusam, 'gnu-

Key:

is

Gretchen 'gretjin

Greville 'grvl,

-'ha:tid

great-uncle 'gret'Agkl

'gre/am

sp. pron.

G- gre

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angn,- 'aeg-gn
bad (10) |ah a |far far |watch watj, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards Igo go

greyhound

gruel

191

grog grag, grng, grag |-ged -d [-gery -an

greyhound 'gre^haund
grid grid |gridded 'gridid

l-gy -I

griddle 'gridl |-d -d j-ling ^gndlig, -djig

grogram 'gragram,

griddlecake 'gridl^kek

groin grain [groined graind

grommet

gride graid grided 'graidid

'grog-, 'grog-

ES + 'grnmit

'gramit;

gridiron 'gridjaia^n, -jairn;

ES

-^ai-an, -jaian

Groningen 'gronigan

groom grum, grum |-ed -d

groomsman 'grumzman, 'grumz- j-men -man

grief grif

Grieg grig

ES

Grierson 'grirsn;

grievance 'grivans

groove gruv [grooved gruvd

'griasn

|-s

grope grop [groped gropt

-iz

grieve griv \-d -d 1-dly -idly ]-vous -as

grosbeak 'gros/bik

griff grif

grosgrain 'grojgren j-ed -d

griffin 'grif in

gross gros

griffon 'grif an

grifter 'grifta^;

ES

grot

'griftaCr

grill, -e gril [grilled

'grotto'

\pl

grote 'grota or groten 'grotan

grat;

ES+grnt

grotesque gro'tesk

grig grig Igrigged grigd

Grotius 'grojias

grild

grim grim

|-rie

\or

-an, -skri

De Groot

da'grot [Gro-

variously

pron.

tius's -IZ

grimace gri'mes

|-s

Groton

-iz |-d -t

grimalkin gri'maelkin, -Wolkin, -'mokin

grime,

|-es -iz[-ed -t

grot coin grot

Griffith 'grifie

G- graim

grimed graimd

US

places

'grntn, 'gratn, 'grotn

grimy

in NEngd

'graimi

grotto 'grato;

ES + 'grnto

grouch grautj

|-es -iz |-ed -t

grin grin grinned grind

ground graund |-ed -id j-ling -lig

ground-hog 'graund jhag, -jhag,

grind graind ground graund

|

grindstone 'grainjstoh, 'graind-

NY

usually 'gratn, 'grntn

Grimm grim
|

'gratn,

-jhag, -thag,

-ihng;

-^ng

groundnut 'graund^nAt, 'graun^nAt

gringo 'griggo
Grinnell gri'nel

groundsel 'graunsl, 'graundsl

grip grip [gripped gript

gripe graip griped graipt

groundwork 'graund^wyk; ES -jwak, -^wyk

group grup [grouped grupt

grippe grip

grouse bird graus

gripsack 'grip^saek

grousy 'having grouse' 'grauzi,

Griqualand 'grikwajaend, 'grikwa-

grout graut [grouted 'grautid

|i

^g -s -iz [-d -t
-si

Griselda gri'zelda

grove grov [groved grovd

grisly 'ghastly' 'grizli

grovel 'gravl, 'grAvI; ES+'grovl; J-ed -d |-mg

grisly 'gristly' 'grisli, 'grisli

-vlig, -vlig

grist grist

A shows

the original vowel,

being a sp. pron.

gristmill 'grist ^mil

Grover 'grova^; ES 'grova(r

grow gro [grew gru, griu [grown gron

Griswold 'grizwald

growl graul [growled grauld

grit grit [gritted 'gritid Igritty ^griti

grown gron
grown-up n 'gron^Ap
grown-up adj 'gron'Ap ('grown-^up
growth groO |-ths -Gs

gristle 'grisl |-tly 'gnsli, 'grisli

grith griO |-ths -Gs

grits grits |-tten 'gritn

grizzle 'grizi |-d -d j-ling 'gnzlig,

-zhg

grub grAb [grubbed grAbd

grubstake 'grAbjStek [-staked -jStekt

grizzly 'grizli

groan gron [groaned grond

groat grot
grocer 'grosa^;

grudge

ES

'gros3(r; |-y

-i, -sri

Groesbeck 'grosbek
[full

'boys)

ful [tooth tue [further 'fySa^;

grAdj

[grudges

'grAdsiz

[grudged

grAdsd
gruel 'grual, 'griual [-ed -d

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

gruesome

gun

192

gruesome 'grusam,

guffaw gA'fa, ga'fa

'griu-

Guiana

grufE grAf

grumble 'grAmbl

-d

|-d

'grAmblig,

|-ling

|-ed -d

gi'asna, gi'ana

guidance 'gaidns

{Sp 'gjana)

-iz

|-s

guide gaid guided 'gaidid

-blig

Grumio 'grumijO, 'grumjo

grumpy 'grAmpi
Grundy 'grAndi |-ism -/izam

Guiderius gwi'dirias, -rjas

ES

gri'jer;

-'je3(r;

{Fr

'grifan

{Sp

ES

jgwod-;

'gadl^up, jgadl'up, jgwadj'up,

igwod- {Sp jgwatSa'lupe)

Mex

Guadalupe Hidalgo

WI

ES

'gilfad

'gilfa-d;

ES

'gilfad

ES + -jmDt

guillemot 'gila^mat;

guillotine v jgila'tin, 'gilajtin |-d -d

guilt gilt |-y

guimpe

jgadj'up, ^gwad-, jgwnd-

-I |-ily 'giltab,

'chemisette^

Guam gwam, gwnm

Guinea, g- 'gini
Guinevere, -ver 'gwina^vir,

guano 'gwano, 'gwono

guarantee jgaeran'ti

Guiney

-d

|-d

in contrast -'tar;

-tar,

ES

ES

ES

ES

guard

see

-n

gubernatorial

jgjub^na'torial,

|-ed

Gullah 'gAla
gullet 'gAlit |-ed -id

Gulliver 'gAlava^;
-'tar-;

igiu-,

-bh

ES

'gAlava(r

gully 'gAb gullied 'gAbd

I

gulp gAlp gulped gAlpt

I

gum gAm Igummed gAmd

gum arable jgAm'aerabik, now

-d

Gudrun 'gudrun
guelder-rose 'gelda^^roz;

ES

rare ^gAma-

'rebik

'gelda-

gumbo 'gAmbo

Guelph gwelf
guerdon 'gydn;

ES

'gsdn,

'gydn

j-ed

-d

ES

ES

-^wsk, -jwyk

guest gst Iguested 'gestid

See in full 3-47.

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

jnuch less frcq. gumz,

gumshoe 'gAm'/u, 'gAm^/u

gumwood 'gAm^wud
gun gAn Igunned gAnd

guess gs guesses 'gesiz guessed gsst

I

|-tious -Jas

gums 'alveoli' gAmz,

gumz

'gsnzi, 'gynzi

guerrilla, gueri- ga'rila

guesswork 'ges^ws^k;

gumdrop 'gAm^drap; ES-h-jdrup

gumption 'gAmpJan

-dnig

Guernsey, g- 'ga^nzi;

gull gAl Igulled gAld

gullible 'gAlabl |-bly

jgwaja'kil)

-bana-, S -'tor-

|-ing -dnig,

gulfweed 'gAlf^wid

gullibility ^gAla'bilati

gudgeon 'gAdsan

|bath baeO;

gulden 'guldan

guava 'gwava, 'gwova

Guayaquil jgwaia'kil {Sp

Key:

'gita-

gulf gAlf gulfed gAlft

guardroom 'gard,rum, -,rum; ES see guard

guardsman 'gardzman |-men -man; ES see
guard
Guatemala ^gwata mala, jgwnt-, older igata-

ES

E + -'ta:(r

gules gjulz, giulz

guardian 'gardian;

|-n

-'ta:(r,

guard

^mala

ES

gulch gAlt/ gulches 'gAltJiz |gulched gAlt/t

|-ed -id

guardhouse 'gard^haus |-houses -jhauziz;

see

-jViaCr,

'gaini

Guiterman 'gita^man; ES

E+ga:d;

ga:d,

ES

guise gaiz [guises 'gaiziz [guised gaizd

guitar gi'tar;

'gaeranti |-tied -tid

guard gard;

-va^;

-va(r

-t3(r, -t33(r, -'t33(r

guaranty

-tib

gaemp, gimp {Fr g^:p)

guanine 'gwanin, 'gwon-

guarantor 'garanta',

'hall

guillotine n 'gila^tin

,gwadl'up'hi'daelgo,

jgwod- {Sp jgwaSaUupe-i'tJalgo)

Guadeloupe

'gilfa^d;

-^stsn, -^styn

'gilda(r

guile gail |-ful -fal -fully -fall [-less 'gailhs

Guilford

jgwatJalki'liir)

Guadalupe Tex

ES

G- 'gild'halc/ ylw 'town

guildhall,

jgwadrkwiv*,

Guadalquivir
-V3(r;

guilder 'gilda^;

Guildford

gry'je:r)

gryphon

ES

Guildenstern 'gildn^styn;

gru'jer,

-iz

guild gild

|-dyist -ist

grunt gfAnt grunted 'grAntid

Gruyere

|-'s

guidon 'gaidn

'piti

(6) |rate ret

far [watch watj,

wntj

Iji-et

jst |sang saeg ]angry 'aeg-gri

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards |go go

guttural 'gAtaral

gunboat 'gAn^bot
guncotton 'gAnjkatn; ES+-jkDtn

gunfire 'gAn^fair;

ES

-man |-men -jmen, -man

Am pers. name 'gAna^; ES

-jfai3(r

'gAn^maen,

Gunnar 'gunar.
gunnel 'gAnl

ES

'gAn3(r; |-y

-d [-ling 'gAzjig, 'gAzlig

guzzle 'gAzl

|-d

Gwendolen,

-ine,

-yn 'gwendjin

Gwinnett gwi'net
gybe dsaib |-d -d
gymnasium dsim'neziam, -zjam

-a:(r, -3(r

gunner 'gAna^;

|-ly -i

guy gai guyed gaid

Guyandot 'gaian^dat; ES+'idnt

gunman

gunny

habitant

193

gunboat

-i

|-s

-z |-sia

-zia

'gAni

gunpowder, G- 'gAHjpauda';
gunrunning 'gAn^rAnig
gunshot 'gAn/Jat; ES+'j/ot

ES

gymnast Msimnaest

-jpaud3(r

gymnastic dsim'naestik
gynae-

see

gunwale 'gAnl

gynarchy 'dsainarki; ES

gurge gyds; ES gsds, gs^ds; \-s -iz 1-d -d

gurgitation jgyd33'te/an; ES jgsds-, jgyds-

gynecologic

ES

gurgle 'gygl;

'gsgl, 'gygl;

-d

|-d

-'lDd5-;

j-ling

-ikh

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

gyne-

E + -a:ki

-a:ki,

jdsaimka'ladsik,

ES +

jgain-;

l-al -1

gynecologist jdsaini'kaladsist, ^gaim-;

ES +

-'knl-

-ghg, -glig

Gurkha 'gurka; ES 'guaka

gurnard 'gyna'd;

ES

Gurney, -nee 'gym;

gynecology

'ganad, 'gynad

ES

'gsni,

'gym

other.

jdsaim'kaladji,

One form

-'kol-;

The first

is

is

as

'correct'

the

more Englished.

gush gAj gushes 'gAjiz gushed gA/t

gyp dsip gypped dsipt

gusset 'gAsit Igusseted 'gAsitid

g)T)sum 'dsipsam

gust gAst gusty 'gASti

gypsy

gustation gAs'te/an

gyral 'dsairal

ES +

^gaini-;

as

'dsipsi

gustatory 'gAstajtori,

Gustavus gAs'tevas

-jtari;

|-'s

|-ly -i

gyrate 'dsairet j-d -id j-tion dsai 're/an

S -jtori

gyratory 'dsairajtori,
gyre dsair;

gut gAt gutted 'gAtid

I

Gutenberg 'gutn^byg;

ES

ES

gyrator dsai'reta', 'dsaireta^;

-iz

gusto 'gAsto

-ibsg, -jbyg; {Ger

'gurtanjberk)

gyrfalcon

ES

-jtari;

dsaiaCr; |-d -d

'dsy^falkan,

ES

-jfakan;

'djs-,

'dsy-

Guthrie 'gAOri

gyro 'dsairo

Guthrun

gyrocompass 'dsairojkAmpas

'gutSrun

|-es -iz

gyroscope 'dsaira^skop

gutta 'gAta

gutta-percha 'gAta'pytJa;

Guttenberg

-ta(r

S -^tori

US

gutter 'gAta';

ES -'pstja, -'pytJa
ES -ibag, -jbyg

gyroscopic jdsaira'skapik; ES+-'skDp-;

ES

gyrostatic jdsaira'staetik [-ally

'gAta(r; |-ed -d

guttersnipe 'gAta^^snaip;

ES

[-ally

-h, -ikli

'gAtn^byg;

-li,

-ikk

gyve dsaiv gyved dsaivd

'gAta-

H
H, h letter etf \pl H's, Hs, poss H's 'et/iz
ha intj, n ha \pl has, ha's haz
ha V ha |haes haz |haed had |haing 'ha-ig
Haarlem 'harlam; ES 'ha:lam, E-i-'ha:lam

Habakkuk ha'baskak, 'haeba^kAk

Habana 'Havana' Sp a'(5ana
habeas corpus 'hebias'karpas; ES
|full

ful |tooth tuG Ifurther 'fytJa^;

haberdasher

'haeba'^dae/a';

ES

'haebajdaeja(r;

|-y -I, -Jri

habergeon 'haeba^dsan;

ES

'haebadsan

habiliment ha'bilamant
habilitate ha'bila^tet |-tated -jtetid

habit 'haebit |-ed -id |-able -abl |-bly -bb

-'kaapas

ES

habitant 'haebatant

'fsSa |custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how

hau

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dif |vision 'vijan |Eden 'idn [cradle 'kred} [keep

|toy tai

'em 'kipm

habitat

half-tone

194

habitat 'haebajtaet |-tation jhaeba'te/an

hail hel [hailed beld |hailstone 'bel/Ston

habitual ha'bit/ual, -t/ul

Haile Selassie 'baibsa'lasi,

|-ly -i

habitude 'haeba^tjud, -jtiud, -jtud

habitue ha'bit/uje, ha.bit/u'e

(i^r

Habsburg 'haepsbyg; ES -bsg,

'harpsburk) see Hapsburg

abi'tqe)
-ba^g;

{Ger

hacienda jhasi'enda {Sp a'sjenda)

hack bask hacked haekt

hackamore 'haekajmor,

pi see cloth

ES

-jinar;

-^moaCr,

E+-jm33(r

hair-do 'berjdu, 'baer-;

hairdresser

hackberry 'haek^beri, -ban

see

-d

|-d

|-ling

ES

hairline 'berjlam, 'baer-;

'beaz-,

ES

hadj haeds |hadjes 'baedsiz |hadji 'baedsi

halberd 'baelba^d;

some

before

conss.

+ ^hxdn

see hair

'basaz-

halation be'le/an, bae'lejan

'haednt,

see

hair's-breadth 'berz'bredO, 'baerz-, -jbredG;

man, -jmen
hackney 'haekni hackneyed 'haeknid
had stressed 'haed, jbaed; Mwsi?". had, bed, ad.
Ed, id I'd d
Haddington ^haedigtan
haddock 'haedak
Hades 'hediz Hades' 'bediz
hadn't

-a(r,

hair

hagbut
^sekhg, %aeklig
hackman 'haekman, -jmaen [hackmen 'haekhackle 'haekl

ES see hair
ES see hair
'ber^drEsa^, 'baer-; ES

haircut 'ber jkAt, 'baer- ;

hackbut 'haekbAt

-sa'laesi

ES 'beljstaam
hair her, baer; E bea(r, ES baea(r |-ed -d |-y -i
hairbreadth 'berjbrede, 'baer-; ES see hair
hairbrush 'bEr,brAj, 'baer-; ES see hair
haircloth 'berjkbe, 'baer-, -jklnB; ES see hair;
hailstorm 'bel^starm;

habituate ha'bit/uict |-ated -jctid

ES

hairsplitter 'ber^spbta^, 'baer-;

-iSphta(r,

see hair

ES

hairspring 'ber^spng, 'baer-;

see hair

Haiti 'heti |Haitian 'hetian

hake bek
Hakluyt 'baeklut,

'baeklait, 'baekkt

ES

'bselbad;

[-rt

-tfor-

merly 'balb-, 'bab-, spelt haubert, holberd

halcyon 'baelsian

('baedn 'sinim)

Hadrian 'hedrian

Haldane 'balden

hadst stressed 'baedst, jbaedst; unstr. hadst,

hale bel |haled beld

half baef ;

adst, dst

baf, baef, haf ;

|-'s

-s |-lves -vz

haem- see hemhaemo- see hemo-

half-and-half 'baefn'baf ;

Haensel 'bensl = Hansel

half-baked 'baef 'bekt; E^ee half; ('half-^baked

halfback 'baef^baek;

haft haeft |hafted 'baeftid

hag baeg
Hagar 'bega', 'begar; ES
hagbut 'baegbAt

see half

see half

'scheme)
half-blooded 'bafbUdid;
'bega(r, 'hega:(r

see half; ('haK-

iblooded 'Indian)
half-breed 'baef^brid;

see half

Hagen 'bagan

half-caste 'baef^kaest; E+'baf^kast, 'baf^kast

Hagerstown 'bega^Zjlaun; ES 'hegazhaggada ba^gada, -da \pl haggadoth ha^gadoO

Haggai 'haegijai, 'haegai

halfhearted

haggard,

H-

'baeg^d;

haggis 'baegis

haggle 'baegl

ES

-d

j-ling 'baeglig,

hagiolatry jbaegi'alatn, jbedsi-;

'baegbg

ES + -'d1-

hagiology jbaegi'aladsi, jbedsi-; ES+-'d1-

Hague beg

ES

half-mast

-'ba:tid,

E+

see half; ('half-hearted 'effort)

ES

'baef'maest;

E see half
E sec half

-'aua(r,

-i-

'baf 'mast,

'baf-

'mast

half-moon 'baef'mun;

see half

halfpenny Brit 'bepm, 'bepani

\pl

halfpence

'bepans, halfpennies 'hepniz, 'bepaniz

Hahnemann ^banaman

(Ger 'ba:naiman)

Haidarabad ^baidara^baed, jbaidara^bad

haikwan 'bai'kwan
See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

see half

half-length 'baef'kgke, -'kge;

hagiography jbaegi'agrah, jhedsi-, -'ng-

Key:

-'bartid

'baef'bartid;

half-hour 'baef'aur;

'baegad

|-es -iz

|-d

half -full 'baf'ful;

half-timbered 'baef 'timba^d ;

ES

-'timbad,

see half

half-tone 'baef^ton;

see half

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gn
baB (10) |ah a |far far [watch wat/, -wniS (12) jjaw dsa [gorge g3rd3 [go go

half-truth 'haefjtrue;

halfway 'haef'we;

Hamburg 'haembyg; ES

see half

see half; ('halfjway 'up)

half-witted 'haef'witid;

- jbytn

-ibstn,

ES

/haelikar'naesas ;

Hamilcar

ba'milkar,

Hamilton

Hamite 'baemait

Haligonian jhaela'gonian, jhaeh-

hamlet,

halitosis jhaela'tosis

hammer

'haebva', 'hae^liva';

ES

'haeh; Ger city 'hala

Halleck 'hhk,

'hsbk

ES

ES

'hallmark;

'haema^jbed;

ES

'baemajbed;

E+

'hDl^ma k,

'baemptan

hamstring

[hallooed

hsUud

'hfem^strig

J-ed -d, worship

'

laebwid

jhab'in

('Hallowjcen

-mas

hallucinate ha'lusrijet, -'bu-

|-d -id

hallucinatory hs'lusna^tori, -'bu-.

jtari;

ES

'baenapa(r

handball 'baend^bal, 'baen/bal

handbarrow

-(ton

'baend^baero, 'baen,baero, -a

hallway 'hal^we

handbill 'basndjbil, 'baen,bil

halo 'helo haloed 'helod

handbook 'baendjbuk, 'baen^buk

halogen 'baebdsan, -d3in

handbreadth 'baend^brEde,

haloid 'haebid, 'hebid

handcar 'baend^kar, 'baen-;

Halpin, -ine 'haelpm

l-'s

-IZ

halyard

ES

'haelja'd;

[full

-ika:(r,

E+

'baend jkart,

ES

'baen-;

-jkait.

Handcock 'baenkak; ES + -kDk

'haltaCr

ES

ES

E+-,ka:t

hav, haev, hav

|-d

handcuff 'baendjkAf, 'haen^kAf [-cuffed -jkAft

-d

Handel

'baendl {Ger Handel 'bEndal)

HandeHan baen'dihan, -'diljan

'haeljad

ham, H- baem
hamadryad jhaema'draiad,
Haman 'heman

|-ths

-jka:(r

handcart

'halstid, 'bael-

halt halt [halted 'haltid

halve haev;

'baeiijbrEde

-es

Hals, Frans 'frans'hals, 'fraens'haels

halter 'halta-;

or

Hancock 'haenkak; ES + 'baenkok

hand baend [handed 'haendid
handbag 'baend^baeg, 'baen^baeg

|-es -iz

hallucination hajlusn'e/an, -jhu-

Halstead 'hoisted,

-jStrAg

Hamsun, Knut 'knut'baemsan, -'bamsun

Hamtramck Mich baem'traemik
Han ban
hanaper 'baenapa^;

'joke)
'haelojinaes,

[-strung

-stringed -,strigd

'haebwig
jbaelo'in,

-/laCr,

Hampstead 'baempsted, 'baempstid

Hampton

-t

'haelo, -a

-d |-ing

-Xa(r

hallo, -loa ha'lo

Hallowmas

'haema(r; j-ed -d |-ing

Hampshire 'baemp/ir, 'baempja^; ES

Halliday 'haebjde

Halloween

ES

'baemparig, ^baemprig

- jbytn

-ibstn,

Halliwell 'haeb^wel, 'haebwal

|-ing

'haema^;

hammock 'baemak
Hammurabi jhama'rabi, jhamu'rabi
Hampden 'baempdan, 'baemdan
hamper 'haempa^; ES 'haempa(r; |-ed

Halley 'hh
Halliburton 'haebjbytn;

hallow

baem'itik, ha'mitik

|-ed -id

hallelujah, -iah jhsebluja, -'huja

haUu

|-tic

H- 'haembt

hammerhead

hal

-;ma:k; |-ed

jhaemj-

'haemariij, 'haemrii)

-va(r

Hallam 'hsebm
Halle Am name

halloo

-ka:(r.

jHamiltonian

'haemltan

Halifax 'haelajfaeks [Halifax's 'haela^faeksiz

hallmark

ES

'haemj-;

'toman

halidom 'haehdam |halidome 'haelijdom

H-

'haeinb3ga(r,

E+-ka:(r

halide 'haelaid, ^belaid

hall,

ES

'haembyga^;

hame hem
-ka:'n-;

-S3S

HaHver

-byg;

'haembag,

'hamburk)

-byga(r

hahbut 'haebbat, 'habbat; ES + 'hol Halicarnassus

{Ger

hamburger

see half

ES

Haliburton 'haelajbs^tn;

|-SUS'

handful

195

half-truth

handfast 'baend^fiest, 'baen-;

-'draiaed

ful [tooth tu6 [further 'fytSa^;

handful 'baend ,ful, 'baen^ful

ES

'fstJa

E-i--jfast, -jfast
[-s

-z

[custom 'kAstam [while bwail [how bau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan

tai

jEden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm


handgrip

hardheaded

196

Words below in which a

before r (farm) is sounded

handicap 'haendijkaep |handicapped 'haendi-

E with

are often pronounced in

a (fa:m)

'haenova';

ES

'haenovaCr; {Ger

nover ha'no:var,

loc.

ha'norfar)

Hanover

handgrip 'hsend^grip, 'haen^grip

Han-

Hanoverian ,haeno'vinan

(kaept

handicraft 'haendi^kraeft; E+-;kraft, -^kraft

handicraftsman

E+

'haendijkraeftsman;

-man

-jkrafts-, -jkrafts-; |-men

ES

-itjif;

-ka-;

-d |-Hng 'haendhg, -dlig

handmade 'haend'med, %aen- ('handimade

Hanseatic ,haensi'aetik, ,haenzi'aetik

hansom 'haensam
Hants short for Hampshire haents
hap haep happed haept haply 'haepli
]

haphazard

'shoe)
|-en

-^med^

ES

-'haezad

haep'laidik

'haepan,

-pm

-d

|-ed

-panig,

|-ing

-pnig

happy

'haend^sa, 'haen|-ed

'haepi |-pily -pli, -pili

happy-go-lucky 'haepi,go'lAki

-d

handset 'haend'set, 'haen- ('hand^set 'type)

handsome 'haensam

Hapsburg 'haepsbyg; ES -bag, -byg; {Ger

'ha:psburk)

handspike 'haenjspaik, 'haendhandspring

|-loidic

haplosis haep'losis

handrail 'haend^rel

handsel 'hiensl

/haep'haeza^d;

haploid 'haeplaid

happen

handout 'haend^aut

handsaw

'hansad,

Hansel and Gretel 'henslan'gretj

|-ted -id

handleless 'haend}hs.

handmaid 'haend^med, 'haenhand-me-down 'haenmi^daun

ES

'haensord;

hansel 'haensl hanseled 'haensld

hand-knit 'haend'nit, 'haen'nit

|-d

'haensa'd,

hanse haens |hanses 'haensiz

|-s

-t/ivz, -tfifs, -itjivz, -it/ifs

handle 'haend|

haens, -z {Ger hans)

Hansard
-sa:d

handiwork 'haendi^wyk; ES -jwsk, -jW^k

handkerchief 'haegka^t/if,

Hans

hara-kiri 'hara'kiri, 'haera-

harangue ha'raeg

'haen^sprii), 'haend-

hand-to-mouth 'haendta'mauG,

harass

'haentta-

|-d

-d |-guing -'ragig

ha'raes;

'haeras,

S + 'haens;

-iz

|-es

handwork 'haend^wyk; ES -jwsk, -,wyk

|-ed -t

handwriting 'haend^raitig

of the older 'haeras appears to be on the in-

handy 'haendi
hang haeg |hung hAg

crease.

or

hanged haegd

|-ing

'haega', 'haeggar;

ES

'haegaCr, 'haeg-

l-ed

hangdog

ES

ES

|-age

Harcourt 'harkort,

'haeg, dag, 'haeg, dog

'haega^;

-kat,

'haeg3(r

'har'bin

hangers-on 'haega^z'an, -'on, -'an;

ES

'haegaz-

hangman 'haegman [hangmen 'haegman

'ha:ba(r;

-kart,

hard-bitted 'hard'bitid;

hard-boiled 'hard'baild;
|-ed -d

|-ing

ES

-koat.

ES

'ha:d-;

('hard-

harden

'hardn;

ES

ES 'ha:dES 'ha:d-

'ha:dn;

|-ed

-d

|-ing

-dnig, -dnig

'haegkarig, 'haegkrig

'haen'kau, 'haeg'kau {Chinese 'xan-

ES 'haid'fitjad
ES 'ha:dhardhack 'hard^hsk; ES 'ha:d,haek
hardhanded 'hard'haendid; ES 'ha:dhardhead 'hardjhcd; ES 'ha:dhardheaded 'hard'hedid; ES 'hard-

hard-featured 'hard'fit/a^d;
hard-fisted 'hard'fistid;

'ko)

hanky-panky 'haegki'paegki
Hanley 'haenli

Hannah

'haena

Hannibal 'haenabl

Key:

-ka^t;

jbitted 'horse)

hard-bitten 'hard'bitn;

Hankow

|-ing

E+-kaat

hank haegk |hanked haegkt

'haegka(r;

-d

|-ed

-bands, -brids

hangnail 'haeg,nel

ES

'ha:bmd3a(r;

hard hard; ES ha:d

hanger-on 'haega^'an, -'on, -'an

hanker 'haegka^;

ES

-d

-bang, -bng

'hajg't/au (CJiin 'xag'dso)

ES

'harbindsa^;

harbor 'harba^;

ga:(r

Hangchow
hanger

Harbin 'har'bin;
harbinger

'haegig

hangar

The pronunciation ha'raes instead

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

bee bi |pity

ba6 (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far |watch wat/,

wotj

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards |go go


hardhearted

hasty

197

Words below in which a before r (farm) is sounded a are often pronounced in E with a (fa:m)
Words below that have ae before r (carry 'kaeri) are often pronounced in N with e ('ken, 94)
hardhearted 'hard'hartid;

ES

hardihood 'hardi^hud;

ES

hardly 'hardh;

ES

'ha:d'ha:tid

ES

-9t;

%a:d-;

('hardimouthed 'horse)

hardpan 'hard;paen; ES 'hard|-ed -d

'hardi;

ES

'hard-

ES hae3(r; |-d -d
ES see hare
harebrained 'her'brend, 'haer-; ES see hare
harelip 'hEr'hp, 'haer-, -jhp; ES see hare
harelipped 'het'lipt, 'haer-; ES see hare;
heaCr,

ES

S 'haeram, 'her-

'haer-, 'her-;

Harfleur 'harfly;

ES

'harfbcr, 'harfls^; (Fr

Shak Harflew

in

'harflu, -fhu;

ES -/bsg, -^byg
H- 'haero, -a |-ed -d |-ing 'haerawig
harry, H- 'haeri harried 'haerid
harsh harj; ES bar/
hart hart; ES hart
Harte hart; ES hart

haricot 'haeri^ko j-coed -,kod

hark; j-ed

harken 'harkan;

ES

Hartford 'hartfa-d;

ES

-d

[-ed

ES

|-ing

'harl-, har'l-

Harlem 'harlam; ES 'harlam

harlequin, H- 'harlakwin, -km; ES
harlequinade ^harlakwin'ed, -kin-;

harum-scarum
S

'skaeram;

'heram'skeram,

'haeram-

'haeram'skaeram;

('harum-

-scarum 'manners)
'haerunael'raejid,

ES 'hark
ES 'harbt; |-ry -ri
harm harm; ES harm; |-ed -d |-ful

ES

jharl-

wit/;

ES

'harwitj;

has stressed
-fal |-fully

har'manik, -'mon-;

-ikh

ES ha'mon-;

|-nium

-mam
[-s

-iz

l-d-d
harness 'harms;

ES

'harms;

Harold 'haerald
harp harp; ES harp;
harpoon har'pun;

ES

'har-

-iz

'haez, ^haez; unstr.

|-nied -nid

|-es -iz |-ed -t

haz, az

|'s z,

'haez, bin

Hasbrouck 'haezbruk
Hasdrubal 'haezdrubl, 'haezdrujbael
hash haej [hashes 'hae/iz [hashed haejt
hashish, -eesh 'haejij
bef.

some

com55.

+ 'haezn ('hazn

'gan)

hasp haesp; E-i-hasp, hasp;

hassock 'haesak |-ed -t
hast stressed

|-ed -t

'haest, jhaest; unstr. hast, ast, st

haste best hasted 'hestid

|

|-ed -t

hasten 'hesn |-ed -d

har'pun; [-ed -d

Hastings 'hestigz

harpsichord 'harpsi/kard;
|full

has-been

hasn't 'haeznt,

'harm-;

harmony 'harmani; ES 'harm-;

'harvist; |-ed -id

-fall

ES

ES

|-'s

Harz harts ES harts

harmonize 'harmajnaiz;

'harvad

Harvey 'harvi; ES 'harvi

Harwich Engd 'haerids, 'haeritj; Mass

'harl-

ES

'harvard;

harvest 'harvist, -vast;

Harley 'harh;

|-a -a l-ally -li,

ha'run-

|haruspices ha'rAspi,siz

harlot 'harlat;

harmonious har'monias;

'harts jbaan

'hsram, 'haeram; S 'haeram

Harvard

ES

ES

hartshorn 'harts jharn;

haruspex ha'rAspeks, 'haeras- |-pexes -^peksiz

-t

-kanig, -knit)

harmonic har'manik;

'harta^bist

'hartfad

jarra'Jid

'hark-;

Harleian 'harlian, har'lian;

ES

hartebeest 'harta^bist;

Harun-al-Raschid

'harf-

ES

'haeri-a(r

'hasriat, 'haeriit

Harrisburg 'haeriSibyg;

Harum

('harejlipped 'boy)

hark hark;

jharkwibas-

'hardi; |-dily -dli, -dili

harebell 'her^bel, 'hter-;

ES

ES

harrow,

hardwood 'hardjwud; ES

ar'flcErr)

|-es

Harrison 'haerasn
'hard^weaCr,

-jwaeaCr

harem 'heram,

'harkwibas;

S+-'a(r

harrier 'haena^;

Harriet

hardware 'hardjWEr, -jwaer;

hare her, haer;

ES

harridan 'haeradan

ES 'hard-;
hardship 'hardjip; ES 'hardhardtack 'hardjtaek; ES 'hard-

H-

'harpi

harquebusier jharkwibas'ir;
'ia(r,

hard-shell 'hardjEl;

hardy,

ES

'harpi;

-IZ

'ha:dli

hardmouthed 'hard'mau'Sd,

ES

Harpy

harquebus 'harkwibas;

'ha:di-

ES

'harpsijkaad

ful [tooth tu9 [further 'fytJa^;

ES

'fstSa

|-ing 'hesnig,

|-'s

hasty 'hesti [hastily

'hesmg

-iz

'hestli, -tili

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


headgear

198

hat

Havre de Grace

hat haet |hatted 'haetid

hatband 'haetjbaend
hatbox 'haetjbaks; ES+-,bDks;
hatch haetj hatches
|

hatchet

Hawaii

[-fully

-fall

stressed 'haeG, jhaeG; tmstr. haO, 36

ES ^hoQoaniThe BBC

recommends 'haeGorn/or

hawser

'baza^;

ES

'baza(r

hay be [hayed bed [haying

hauberk 'habyk; ES 'habsk, 'habyk

Haugen 'haugan
'hati j-tily -tli, -tih

haul hal [hauled bald [haulage 'halids

Hayes bez Hayes's

haunch bantj", hontj, bant/ [-es -iz |-ed -t

haunt bant, hrnit, bant [-ed -id
Hauptmann 'bauptman, 'baupm- {Ger 'baupt-

hayfork 'be.fark;

hauteur

ES

o'ty;

-'t3(r

{Fr

-'ty;

o'toe:r)

haymarket

[have to

hef. conss. 'baefta, bef.

'baefta

In "I could

of

vow. 'haeftu,

done

merely a misspelling for have.

nunciation

is identical.

av [Ve v

it,"

of

is

Their pro-

The pron. %aefta.

'baeftu is universal in unafected familiar

speech in

Havelock,

US

('baevn 'sinim)
'baeva^fa^d;

ES

'hejinarkit;

ES

'be^markit

'be^raek [-rick -^rik

hayseed 'be^sid -stack -,stsk

Hayti 'beti, US places + \eta.\

ES 'hewad

'bewa^d;

hayward 'be^ward, -wa^d; ES 'be^waad, - wad

hazard

'baeza^d;

ES

'baezad; [-ed -id [-ous -as

haze bez [hazes 'heziz [hazed bezd

hazel,

H-

'bezl [-nut -nat, -^nAt

Hazledean 'bezljdin
Hazleton 'bezltan

hazy

ES+-lDk

haven 'bevan [havened 'bevand

haven't 'baevnt, hef. some com^5. + 'baevn
Haverford

'be^faak

Hazlitt 'baezbt

and England.

-lok, h- 'baevlak;

'beziz

ES

'bcjinau

Hayward

a '(Sana)

stressed 'baev, ,baev; unstr. bav,

'baevafad

Haverhill 'bevaril, 'bevril, -ral

he

'bezi [-zily -zji, -zili

stressed 'hi, ^bi; unstr.

i, i,

headcheese 'bedjijiz

havoc 'baevak

headfirst 'bed'fyst;

Havre US 'baeva^; ES 'bava(r

Havre France 'bava^, 'bavra; ES

headforemost 'bed'torjinost,

Key:

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeG;

'bava(r,

hi

head bed [headed 'btdid

headache 'b^d^ek
headband 'bed^baend
headboard 'bEd^bord, -^bard;

ES 'baeva,saek
Haverstraw 'baeva'jstra; ES 'baevajStra
havior 'bevja'; ES 'hevja(r
haversack 'baeva'jsaek;

'bavra; {Fr la'a:vr)

-jOaan

'be^laft, 'be.lnft

hayrack

'obai {Fr o'bwa)

bo'ty,

Havana haVaena {Sp Habana

have

hayloft

haymow

man)
hautboy 'bobai,

ES

'be-ig

Hayakawa jhaia'kawa
haycock 'be^kak; ES + 'bejkok
Hayden 'bedn
Haydn 'haidn, 'bedn
Haydon 'bedn

'haet3(r

Hatteras 'haetaras jHatteras's 'haetarasiz

haughty

hawk-eyed 'bak,aid
Hawkins 'bakmz [Hawkins's 'bakmziz
hawse baz [hawses 'baziz

hawthorn, Hawthorn (e) 'ba,eam;

name.

the British

hatred 'hetrid

ES

\\ 'ales

'ba-adn, 'ba:dn

hawsehole 'bazjbol, 'bas-

'haeOajWe

hatter 'haeta^;

ba-

hawk hak [hawked bakt

'haetX,we

Hathorn(e) 'hDOarn;

ES

'ba-a'dn, 'bardn;

Hathaway

ba'wnja.

ba'wa-i

Hawarden US 'bewardn; ES -wa:dn;

'haetjari, 'haetjri

hate het hated 'hetid [hateful 'hetfal

hath

ba'waja,

ha'waija,

'wai'i,

'haetJit |-ed -id

hatchway

ES

haw ba [hawed had

-z

|-es

'haetjiz [hatched haet/t

hatchel 'haetjal |hatcheled 'hsetjald

hatchery

-'gres;

'haeva'da'graBs,

'baeva-

ES

-jboad,

E-f-jbaad
headdress 'bedjdres

[-s

-iz

[-es -iz

ES

-'fsst, -'fyst
-'far-,

-mast

ES

-'foa-, E-i--'faa-

headgear 'bed^gir;

ES

-igia(r, S-i--jgea(r

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angrj-- 'aeg-gri
ba6 (10) [ah a [far far [watch wat/, wot/ (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go


heading
Words below in which ea

before r (heart) is

hearthstone

headland implowed land 'hedjaend, 'promon'hedland

ES

'harO^ston;

headline 'hedjlain

headlock 'hed^lak;

-d

j-d

heartsick

ES + -jlDk

heartsore

ES 'hartES 'harts'hart;Sik, -'sik; ES 'hart'hart^sor, -jsar; ES -jSoa(r, E +

-(Saa(r; ace/ -i- 'heart 'sore

headman 'hEdmon -men -man

ES

'hed'tnaesta^;

E+-'mas-,

-t3(r,

head-on 'hed'an, -'on, -bn ('head-pn 'crash)

'hart 'hoi;

ES

heat

-iz

|-s

headquarters 'hed'kworta^z, -jkw-;

ES -'kw33-

'hartta'hart

'hart-;

'hart-

heath hie

|-ths -Os

|-ness

-Sannis

headrest 'hsd^rest

heathenesse arch. 'hiSanjes

headsman 'hedzman |-men -man

heather

headspring 'hed^sprig

heatstroke 'hitjstrok

headstock 'hedjStak; ES-h-iStnk

heaume horn
heave hiv heaved hivd or hove hov
heaven 'hsvan, 'hevm |-ward -wa^d;

headstone 'hdjSton

headwater 'hedjwata^,

-jwata^,

-jwota^;

ES

Heavener

'hivna^;

heavily 'hevli,

-t3(r

headway 'hedjwe
headwork 'hediWyk; ES -jwsk, -^wyk
health helO |-ths -Os

hia(r, S-t-hjeaCr, hjiaCr, ha(r;

hsd,

ES

hyd

'hatkan; ]-ed -d |-ing

'hia-, S-h'hjea-,

'hjia-.

Hebraic hi'bre-ik

|-al -1

ES hss, hys; |-d -t

ES hart
heartache 'hart^ek; ES 'ha:theartbreak 'hart^brek; ES 'hart-

-ally -li

[-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

'hibru, 'hibriu

hearse hys;

Hebrides 'hebrajdiz

heart hart;

Hebron

heartbroken

Hecate 'hekati, in Shak. 'hekit

hecatomb 'hekajtom, -jtum
Hecht hekt

'hartjbrokan,

-'brokan;

ES

l-ed

ES

'hart^bsn, 'hart,byn;

-d

ES

'hartn; |-ed -d |-ing -tnig.

-tnig

heartfelt 'hart^felt, -'felt;

hsO
jfull

|-d

hectare 'hekter,
hectic 'hektik

hearten 'hartn;

hearth harO;

'hibran

heckle 'hekl

'hart-

ES

ES

harO; |-ths

'hart-

-&sPoetic hyO,

-d |-ling 'hekhg, 'heklig

-taer;

-tea(r,

ES

-taea(r

|-ly -li |-al -1 |-ally -li

hectograph 'hekta^graef; E-h-^graf, -igraf

Hector

'hekta^;

hector

'hekta^;

ES 'hkta(r
ES 'hekta(r;

|-ed

-d

|-ing

'hsktang, 'hektrig

Hecuba 'hekjuba

is still occas. heard.

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fytSa';

|-ly -i

|-ist -ist

Hebraistic jhibri'istik

Hebrew

'hea-

heartburn 'hartjbyn;

-'hartid

'hibi

Hebraism 'hlbriiizam

ES

ES

hebdomadal hefo'damadl; ES + -'dom-;

Hebe

-kmg

hearsay 'hir^se;

'hivi

hebdomad 'hebdajmaed

-kanig,

-ili

heavyweight 'hevijwet

heap hip heaped hipt

hearken 'harkan;

ES -wad

'hlvna(r

heavy-hearted 'hevi'hartid;

|-ful -fal |-fully -fall

|-thily -Gali, -Oik

ES

ES

heavy 'weighty' 'hevi

heavy 'broken-winded'

heard hyd;

'hE'Sa(r; |-ed -d

Heaviside 'he vi, said

heal hil healed hild

ES

'hetJa^;

headstrong 'hEd^strag, -^strDg; S+-iStrag

ES

('heart-

hit [heated 'hitid

heathen 'hiSan |-ism -^izam

taz, -jkw-

ES

-whole 'maid)

heartwood 'hartiWud; ES

headphone 'hed^fon

'hart-

heart-to-heart 'hartta'hart;

heart-whole

headpiece 'hEd^pis

ES

heartstring 'hartjstrig;

-'mas-

hear hir;

see

hearth
heartsease 'hartSjiz;

headlong 'hed'bg, -ibg, -og; S + -ag

healthy 'helGi

(ha:t)

'harO-;

heartily 'hartli, -ih;

headlight 'hedjait

headmaster

E with a

sounded a are often pronounced in

heading 'hedig

tory^

Hecuba

199

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan jEden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm


Helot

200

he'd
he'd abbr. spelling ofhe had, he would, stressed

heddle 'hedj

helicoid 'heli/kaid

hehcoidal jheh'kaidl

hid

'hid, ,hid; imstr. id, id.

hedge hedj |hedges 'hedjiz |hedged hedsd

hedgehog 'heds^hag, -thog, -ihng; S *h3g.

hedonism

jhiho'sentrik

hehocentric

Heliogabalus ;hiha'gaebalas
heliograph 'hihajgraef;

|-al -1 |-ally -li

heUometer

|-ful -fal

-fully-

|-'s

-iz

E-i--jgraf,, -^grof

jhili'amata^^;

heUoscope 'hihajskop,
i)

|-ed

ES

-'amatafr, -'nm-

heel hil heeled hild

|-less 'hilhs

heUotrope

-iz |-d -t

helium 'hiham

|-s

'hilja=

'hiljajtrop, 'hiha-

helix 'hihks [-es -iz

|-tapped -jtaept

Heep, Uriah ju'raia'hip

helices ^hk,siz

hell hel

hett hsft Ihefted 'heftid [-y

he'll abbr. spellhig of

-i

Hegel 'hegl

unstr.

il, il,

he

will, stressed 'hil, jhil;

hil

ES

Hegelian he'gehan, hi'dsihan

hellbender 'hel^benda^;

hegemony hi'dsemam, 'hedsa^mom

hegira, H- hi'dsaira, 'hsdsara

hellbroth 'hEl^braO, -jbroe |-ths -Gs

ES

Heidelberg 'haidl^byg;

hell-diver 'hEljdaiva';

hellebore

ES

Heifetz 'haifits

heigh

heigh-ho

ES

Hellenic hE'lEnik, -'lin- |-ally

Hellenism 'hEhnjizam, -Ian-

highth

cf

-jdaiva(r

heighten 'haitn |-ed -d

-li, -ikli

|-al -1 |-aliy -li.

-ikh

Heinic, -ne nickname 'haini

Hellenize

heinous 'henas

Hellespont 'hslajspant, -,spDnt

Heinz haints, hainz

|-'s

ES

3(r,

hell-fire,

-iz
|-

esses

ES

'aea-

ae3(r; |-ess -is

H-

'hel'fair, -,fair;

ES

-d

-aia(r

hellhound 'hEl,haund
'aer-,

-jlum;

'ea-,

hellion 'hEljan

Hejaz hs'dsaz

Hekate

'hfilinjaiz, -Ian- |-s -iz |-d

hellgrammite 'helgrajmait

-ISIZ

heirloom 'er'lum,

hejira,

E+

|-ist -ist

Hellenistic jhElm'istik, -Ian-

|-ing 'haitnig, -tnig

Heine 'haina

heir er, aer;

-jboaCr,

Hellene 'helin |Hellenes 'helinz

'he'hoj 'hai'ho |-ed -t

intj, n, v

height halt

ES

-jbar;

Hellen 'hslin, -an, -En

-iz

|-'s

'hElajbor,

-ibo3{r

'hefaCr

hai

intj he,

-jbEnda(r

hellcat 'hEljkaet

-ibsg, -jbyg; {Ger

'haid3l>rk)
heifer 'hEta-;

-iz

|-'e

heliotherapy jhiho'OErapi

-d

heelpiece 'hil^pis

-li.

Helios 'hihjQs; ES-f--jDS

-fah

heedless 'hidhs
'hijho, 'i^hS (nasal

|-ally

-i

Heliopolis jhih'apahs; ES-i--'Dp-;

'hil,taep

|-al

-ikh

'hidrijizani |-ist -ist

heed hid heeded 'hidid

heeltap

-'kaptad, -'kop-

Heligoland 'hehgojaend

Hedwig 'hedwig

heehaw

ES

helicopter jheh'kapta^;

-,hag, -,hDg

hedgerow 'heds^ro
Hedjaz he'dsaz
hedonic hi'danik; ES+-'dDn-;

|-ly -?

Hehcon, h- 'hEli,kan, -kan; ES-t--ikDn

-d |-ling -dlig, -dhg

|-d

H-

hellkite 'hEljkait

hello hE'lo, ha'lo, "helo, 'hAlo, emph. 'hEVlo,

hi'dsaira, 'hedsara

'hekatij

Shak. 'hekit

'hAl'lo

held held

helm hslm helmed helmd

Helen 'hebn, -an

Helena 'hehna, he 'Una;

helmet 'hElmit |helmeted 'hElmitid

cf Saint

Helgoland 'hElgO/laend {Ger

hehacal hi'laiakl -ly
helical 'hehk}

-i,

H.

&=

Lena

Helmholtz

-akh

|-'s

-iz

in full 3^7.

|bath baeO;

-iz

jclo'iz

\-'s

-xz

{Fr

ela'iiz

Helot, h- 'hslat, 'hilat |-ism -,izam |-ry -n

heUcline 'hli,klain

Key: See

|-'s

Heloise wife of Abelard

-ly -i

Helicanus ^hEli'kenas

'hElnijholts

helmsman 'hElmzman j-men -man

Heloise Eng name jhElo'iz -'s -iz

-jlant)

bee hi |pity

ba (19) |ah a

|far

*piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg iangrs' 'ag-gri

far |watch

wat.J',

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa Igorge gards |go go


hereby

201

help
help help |helped helpt |holp arch. past b"
pptc holp |holpen arch, pptc 'holpan
helpful 'helpfal

Henrietta jhenri'Eta

|-ly -i

helpmate 'help^met |helpmeet

Helsingfors

henry,

'helpjinit

ES

-jfDrs;

'helsitj^farz,

-jfaaz,

H-

'hEnri

Helsinki 'helsigki

ES

'hElta^'skElta^;

'helta'sktl-

t3(r

|-al -1

hepatic hi'paetik -a -a

Hephaestus hi'fEstas
Hephzibah 'hEfziba

-jfaas

helter-skelter

hennery 'hEnari
henpeck 'hEn^pEk |-pecked -ipskt

-iz

|-'s

Hepplewhite 'hEpl^hwait
heptagon 'hEptajgan; ES + -jgDn
heptagonal hEp'taeganl

helve helv helved htlvd

|

Helvetia hEi'viJa, -/la

|-n

heptameter hEp'taemata'; ES -'temata(r

-n

H-

ES

E + -ta:ki

Helvetii hel'vi/ijai

heptarchy,

hem liEm |hemmed hmd

Hemans 'hemanz, 'himanz

Heptateuch 'hEpta^tjuk, -jtiuk, -;tuk

Hepzibah Pyncheon 'hEpziba'prntJan

|-'s

-iz

'hEptarki;

her stressed 'hy,

hematic, hae- hi'maetik

hematite, haem- 'hEmajtait

jhs';

ES

tmstr. ^, ba^;

ES

ha(r

|-'s

-iz

Hera

hemicyclic jhEma'saiklik, -'sik-

Heracles 'bErajkliz

hemidemisemiquaverjhemi;dmi'sin3jkwev3^;

Heraclitus jbEra'klaitas

ES

|-'s

-iz

-iz

|-'s

hemin, hae- 'himin

herald 'bErald, bErld |-ed -id

Hemingway

heraldic bE'raeldik

'hEinig^we

|-al -1

|-gia ^liEini'plidsia

herb yb, hyb;

hemisphere 'hEinasjfir;

ES

herbaceous hy'bejas;

hemispheric jhema'sfErik

herbage 'ybids,

|-al -1 |-ally -li

|-ry -ri

-ally -li, -ikli

hyb
ES bs-, by'byb-; ES 'sb-, 'bsb-, %b-.

ES

hemiplegy 'hEinijplidsi

-jfi3(r, S-i- -/fEa(r

^by;

'bira, 'bira

Herakles 'bEra^kHz

-jkwev3(r

'h3(r, ihsir, 'by,

a(r,

hemicycle 'hEinajSaikl

-ta:ki,

sb, bsb, yb,

'byb-

hemispheroid jhEma'sfiroid

herbal 'bybl, 'ybl;

hemistich 'hEma^stik

hemlock 'hemlak; ES-f-lok

hemoglobin, haem- jhima'globm, jhEinahemophiha, haem- ^hima'filia, jhEmahemorrhage, haem- 'hEmarids, 'hEmrids

|-ism -jizam

ES

herbarium hy'bEriam,
by-; |-s -z |-ia -la
|-s

'bsbj, 'sbl, 'hs-bl, 'ybl;

|-ist -ist

Herbert 'byba^t;

ES

-'baer-, -'ber-;

ES

hs-.

'bsbat, 'bybat

ES bs-, byES bs-, byHerculaneum ihykja'leniam; ES ihs-,

herbiferous hy'bifaras;

-IZ

hemorrhoid, haem- 'hEmajtaid,

hemp hEmp hempen 'hEmpan

Hempl,

George,

Am

'hEiiijiraid

|-seed

jsid

scholar 'hEmpl

hemstitch 'hEmjStitJ

herculean,

ES

-es -iz |-ed -t

hen hEn [henbane 'hEn^ben

hence Hehs
henceforth

jhEns'forO,

herd byd;

ES

-'farG;

-'foaO,

ES

-'faawad

henchman 'hEntJman |-men -man

hencoop 'hEn^kup, -jkup
hendiadys hEn'daiadis

-3-,

H- by'kjuban, -'kiul-,

see

ES

ES

'bs-, 'bs^-;

|-'s

-iz

bsd, hyd; -ed -id

Herder Ger poet 'hErda^; ES 'hEada(r

herdsman 'bydzman; ES 'bsdz-, 'bydz-;
|-nien

-man

here bir;

coop

jby-

jbykja'lian;

-y-

Hercules 'b^kjajiz;

E-F-'faaO

henceforward jhEns'farwa'd;

herbivorous by'bivaras;

ES

bia(r,

S+bjea(r, biia(r,

iEa(r,

bEa(r

Here 'biri=Hera

henequen, -quin %Enakin

hereabout jbira'baut, 'bira^baut; S+5ee here

Hengist 'hEggist, 'hEndsist

hereafter bir'aefta^;

Henley 'hEnli
henna 'hEna |hennaed 'hEnad
Hennepin 'hEnapin {Fr En'p^)
|full

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa^;

-'af-,

hereat hir'aet;

S-f-see

hereby bir'bai;

ES

ES

bir'aefta(r,

ES

here

bia'bai,

S+5ee here

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while bwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision

E-h-'af-,

S+see here

Visan [Eden

bau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


hereditable

202
hermetic

hereditable ha'redatabl |-bly -bli

hereditament jhera'ditamant

ES

hia'faaCr,

Am

Hereford 'herafa'd, by

ES

hy'metik;

hy-;

ha-,

-1

|-al

l-ally -h, -ikli

Hermia 'hymia, -mja; ES 'hsm-, 'hymHermione hy'maiani; ES ha-, by

hereditary ha'redajteri |-dity -dati

herefor hir'far;

Hesperia

S+5ee here
stockmen usually

ES 'herafad, 'hsf-, 'hyfad; |-shire

-Jir, -JV; ES -Ji3(r, -/aCr
herefrom hir'fram, -'from; ES hia-, S+5ee
here

ES

hermit 'bymit;

'ham-, 'ham-; |-age -ids

-ages -idsiz

'hyfa^d;

Hermon 'hyman; ES

'ham-, 'ham-

ES

hernia 'bynia, -nja;

'han-, 'ban-;

-z

|-s

|-niae -ni,i

herein hir'in; S+^ee here

hereinafter jhirin'aef ta^ ;

hereinto

E+-'af-,

ES

-'far;

-'fo3(r,

|-'s

S+^ee

-tu;

acct +

here

H- drug

heroine 'heroic woman' 'bero-m

hereon hir'an, -'on, -'an; S+see here

heroism 'berojizam

heretical ha'retikl |-ly

hereto hir'tu;
heretofore

ES

heron 'beran

ES

ES

^hiata'foa(r,

ES

herpes 'hypiz;

'ha-, 'by-

ES

herpetology jbypa'taladsi;
-'Anda(r,

S+^ee here

S+^ee here

hir'Antu, -tu;

-;Siu, -jSu

|-shaw -j/a

S+^ee here

hereunder hir'Anda^;
hereunto

+ see here

-'far;

|-ry -ri

heronsew, -sewe arch, 'heran^sju,

-ikh

hia'tu, S

jhirta'for,

E + -'faa(r,

-i,

-iz

'hero-in

hereof hir'av, -'af, -'d-; S+i'ee here

heresy 'hsrasi jheretic 'heratik

|-'s

|-al -1 |-ally -li |-icly

-ikh
heroin,

jherein'to

-iz

Herodotus ha'radatas; ES + -'rDd-;

heroic bi'ro-ik, ha-, he-

?>+see here

hir'intu,

hero, H- 'hiro, 'biro

Herod 'herad |-rodian he'rodian

Herodias ha'rodias, he-

jhirinbi'tor,

E + -'f33(r,

-'aeftaCr,

here

-'af-, 'Si+see

hereinbefore

ES

acct+

jbap-, jhyp-,

-'tol-

Herr Ger

title

her;

ES

bea(r

Herrick 'herik

/hereun'to

hereupon ;hira'pan, -'pon, -'pan; S+5ee here

herring 'berig |-bone -jbon

Hereward 'herawa^d; ES 'herawad

Herriot Ain pers. name 'heriat, Fr statesman

herewith hir'wiG,
cf

-'wi?i;

ES

hia-,

S+^ee here;

ES

Herford 'hyfa^d;

Hergesheimer

'hygas,haim3';

ES

'hsgas-

jhaima(r, 'hygas;haima(r

H-

3^'self;

Engd

'heriat

heritable 'heratabl |-bly -bli

heritor 'hsrata^;

ES

//"

ha-, a-

US

ES

'bytfa^d;

'batfad, 'ba-tfad;

'bartfa^d;

E + 'ha:-;

|-shire

ES
-iJir,

'ha:fad,

-JV;

hsl,

hyl

Herman 'hyman; ES

harts, hats, byts,

'hsm-, 'hym-

he's abhr. spelling

jhs-, jhy-; |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikk

Hermes 'hymiz; ES 'hsmiz, 'hymiz;

o/he has, he

jhiz; unstr. iz, iz, biz,

Hesiod

See in full 3-47.

is,

stressed 'hiz,

hiz

'bisiad, 'bes-

hesitance 'hezatans |-cy

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

-i

|-tant -tant

hesitate 'bezajtet |-d -id |-tion jbeza'te/an

l-mes'

Hesper

'bespa^;

ES

Hesperia bes'piria

|-'s

Hesione hi'saiani, he-

-h, -ikli

hermeneutic jhyman'jutik, -ma'niutik, -'nu-;

|bath bicG;

ES

E+ha:ts

-IZ |-ian -lan

ES hs-, hyhermaphroditic hy/mafra'ditik; ES h3-,hy-;

l-al -1 l-ally

ES

-Ja(r

Hertz berts, byts; ES heats, hats, hyts;

ES

hermaphrodite hy'maefrajdait;

Key:

'ha/-, 'by/-

"oi initial or after a pause

Herts short for Hertfordshire harts, byts;

'herata(r

ma(r

ES

byz

ES

'harfa^d,

- Ji3(r,

-iz

Herkimer 'hykama^; ES 'h3kama(r, 'hykaherl hyl;

ES

'ha:tfad,
[-s

haz,

herself h3''self, +

Hertford

heritage 'hcratids |-tance -tans

ES

Herschel 'by/al;

'hsfad, 'hyfad

Herington 'herigtan
heriot,

er'jo

hers hyz;

wherewith

'piti

'hespa(r
|-n

-n

(6) |rate ret [yet jet |sang saeg |angr\- 'aeg-gn

far [watch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa Igorge gards |go go


high -test

203

Hesperides
Hesperides hes'perajdiz

hiccup 'hikAp, 'hikap

Hesperus 'hesparas |-'s -iz

Hesse Ger region hes, 'hesi {Ger Hessen
The Ger word Hesse 'hesa means
'hesan)

hickory,

H-

hickory-nut ^hikrmat, 'hikari-,

H-

hi'daelgo (Sp i'tJalgo)

hidalgo,

hest best

hidden 'hidn

|-ness 'hidnnis

hide 'conceal' haid |hid hid |hidden 'hidn

'hestatf

haid hided 'haidid

Hestia 'hsstia

hide

hetaera hi'tira |hetaira hi'taira

hide-and-seek 'haidn'sik

Hetch Hetchy Valley

dial.

hid hid

'resident of Hesse' (Ger Hessen).

ES

-^iiAt,

'hika^nat

Hessian 'he/an
Hester 'hesta^;

|-ed -t

'hikri, 'hikari

hidebound 'haid^baund

'het/'hEtXi'vaeli

heterodox 'hetarajdaks, 'hetra-;

'skin'

ES + ^dnks;

hideous 'hidias
hie hai |hied haid

l-y-i

heterodyne 'hetarajdam

Hiems, h- 'haiamz

heterogeneity jhetaradsa'niati, jhctaro-

hierarch

-iz

|-'s

ES

'haia^rark;

heteronym 'hetarajnim

hieratic jhaia'rjetik

heterosyllabic jhetajro-si'laebik

hieroglyph 'haiara^ghf, 'haira-

hetman 'hetman \pl hetmans 'hetmanz

hew hju, hiu \past -ed -d \pptc -ed -d or

hieroglyphic
-n -n

ES

jhaiara'ghfik,

ES + -jrDn

high hai

hexagonal heks'aeganl

Higham ^haiam

ES

|-er 'haia^;

highball 'haijbal

highbinder 'haijbainda';
-z |-dra -dra

hexahemeron jheksa'hEmajran; ES+-jrDn

hexameter heks'aemata^; ES -'aemata(r; |-ed -d
hexane 'heksen
hexangular hEks'aeggjala^;

ES

-'aeggjalaCr

-'rnn-

highborn 'hai'barn;

ES

ES

-jbainda(r

-'baan; ('high-born

Hass)

highboy

'hai^bai

highbred

'hai 'bred

high-brow 'hai^brau

hexapla 'heksapla

highfalutin, -ting, -ten ,haifa'lutn, -'hutn

hexapod 'heksajpad; ES + -jpnd

hexarchy 'heksarki; ES 'heksaiki, E+-a:ki
Hexateuch 'heksajtjuk, -jtiuk, -^tuk
hey he [heyday 'he^de

highflier 'haijflaia-;

Heyne

highjacker 'haijdsaeka^;

'haina

He)rwood 'hewud
Hezekiah jheza'kaia
hiatus hai'etas

ES

hibernate 'haiba^^net;

|full

'hai^get,

Engd

H-

'hailand

'haigit

ES

-idgaekaCr

ES

|-er -a^;

high-pressure 'hai'preja^;

-'bsnl, -'bynl

ES

ES

-basnet;

ES

|-d

-id

jhaiba-

-a(r

sp. for

-'prs/aCr

high-strung 'hai'strAij ('high-jstrung 'nervesj

hight arch, v

'call' 'called' bait

hight var. sp. of height hait

|-es -iz

hiccup

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

ES

highroad 'haijtod, -'rod

high-spirited 'hai'spiritid

-'bsn-, -'byn-; |-n -n

hai'biskas, hi-

hiccough erroneous

US

highhanded 'hai'haendid

high-pitched 'hai'pit/t ('high-,pitched 'note)

l-nicism -najSizam

H-

Highgate

highminded 'hai'maindid

hibernation jhaiba^'ne/an;

hibiscus,

-jflai'3(r

highlight V 'haijlait |-ed -id

|-es -iz

Hibernia hai'bynia;

ES

high-flown 'hai'flon ('high-jflown 'speech)

highland,

Hiawatha jhaia'waOa, -VnOa

hibernal hai'bynl;

-1

'hai-a(r; |-est -ist

hexahedral jheksa'hidral
|-s

|-al

-ling 'highrj, ^higlig

hexagram 'h8ksajgraem
hexahedron ^heksa'hidran

jhaira-

higgledy-piggledy 'higldi'pigldi

hexagon 'heksajgan, -gan; ES + -jgDn

|-ly -i

-ikh

-ikh

higgle 'higl |-d -d

-jkaad

hexa-emeron jheksa'cmajran,

l-ally -h,

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

Hieronymus jhaia'ranamas,

hex heks |hexes 'heksiz |hexed hekst

hexachord 'heksajkard;

E+-jra:k;

-jaik,

|-y-i

heterogeneous jhetara'dsinias, -njas

high-test 'hai'test

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

highth doublet of height haitO, Bril+haiQ

Highth is not an error for height, hut a pho-

normal

netically
e.g.

history

204

highth

found

variant,

historical

-'far-;

ES

-'foa-, E-f--'faa-

hindsight 'haind^sait, 'ham-

in Milton.

Hindu 'hindu, 'hin'du ('Hin^du

Hinduism 'hmdujizam
Hindu Kush 'hmdu'kuj, -du-

high-toned 'hai'tond
highty-tighty 'haiti'taiti

highway 'haijwe

highwayman
highwayman

hindside 'hamd/Said, 'hainhind-side-foremost 'hamdjsaid'forjmostj'hain-,

Hindustan jhmdu'stsen, -'stan

'hai^weman, hai'we-

'robber'

'road

'haiwe^maen

overseer'

'races)

-i

|-i

hinge hinds |hinges 'hindsiz |hinged hindsd

Hingham 'higam

|-men -jmn

hinny

hike haik hiked haikt

|

Hilaire hi'ler, -'laer;

ES

-'kaCr,

'hini

Hinsdale 'hmzdel

-laeaCr

hilarious ha'krias, hi-, hai-, -'laer-, -'ler-

hint hint [hinted 'hmtid

hilarity ha'laerati, hi-, hai-

hinterland

Hilda 'Hilda

ES

'hmta^jlaend;

'hinta-;

Hildebrand 'hildsjbrasnd {Ger 'hildajbrant)

Hildegarde 'hildajgard; ES -;ga:d, E + -jga:d

hip hip |hipped hipt |-bone -'bon, -^bon

hilding 'hildig

hippocras 'hipajkraes

hippocampus jhipa'kaempas

hillbilly 'hil^bih

Hippocratic ,hipa'kraetik

HilUs

Hippocrene 'hipa/krin, jhipa'krini

hippodrome 'hipa,drom

'hilis |-'s -iz

hill-less 'hillis

hillock 'hibk |hillocked 'hilakt

hippogriff, -gryff 'hipa,grif

hillside 'hil^said

Hippolyta hi'palita; ES-h-'pnl-;

|-s

hippopotamus

-z |-la -la

him stressed 'him, jhim; unstr. im, him

Himalaya hi'malja, -'malaja, jhima'lea |-n -n
In Engd the traditional Anglicized
i-s -z
pron.

still

rare), as

more

it

ES

Hirsch hy/;

ES

his stressed

|-'s

ES 'haindafr
'hindaf; ES 'hindaCr;

|-ed -d

When

no h, just

like he,

'hainda-

|-nic

his'paenik

his |hisses 'hisiz |hissed hist

hist hist |histed 'histid

histology his'taladji; ES-h-'toI-

'hindi, 'hin'di

hindmost 'haind^most, 'ham-

Hindoo 'hindu, 'hin'du

|-ism

historian his'torian, -'tor-; S -'tor-

^hindujzam

Hindostan ,hindu'staen, -'stan

'haind'kwarta',

-'kw33t3(r

historic his'tarik, -'tank, -'tnrik ]-al -1 |-alty

-h, -ikh

|-stani jhindu'staeni, -'stani

|-i

historicity ^hista'risati

-i

'ham-;

ES

historiographer jhistori'agrafa', hiSjton-, -an,

-'og-; S -on-,

hindrance 'hindrans

it.

hispid 'hispid |hispidity his'pidati

Iiiss

ES

'hs-, 'hy-

Hispaniola ^hispan'jola

|-ing 'hindrig, 'hindarig

hindermost 'hainda^jmost;

-iz

ES

jhiz; unstr. iz, hiz

Hispania his'penia, -nja

hinder 'hack' 'hainda^;

I-s

-iz

See in full 3~47.

'hs-, 'hy-

hsj, hsj";

'hiz,

her, him, 'em,

hindbrain 'liaind^bren, 'ham-

hindquarter

ES

haia(r; |-d -d [-ling -lig

entirely unstressed, his has

hind haind

Ibath baeO;

hircine 'hysain, -sin;

hirsute 'hysut, -siut, -sjut;

pause im'self

Key:

Hiram 'hairam

Hirohito jhiro'hito

one has recently become

himself him'slf,+?/ not initial or after

Hindi

-tas

ES + -'pDt-;

^hipa'patamas;

once did in America, but the pron.

'obstruct'

|-tus

-iz

|-mi -^mai

hire hair;

frequent here.

hinder

|-es -IZ

prevails (Jones says hi'malaja is

like the native

j-'s

|-tus's -tasiz

hilt hilt ihilted 'hiltid

hilum 'hailam

-pai

|-es -iz |-pi

ES + -'pDk-;

Hippocrates hi'pakrajtiz;

hilled hild

hill hil

{Ger

-jlant)

ES

-fa(r

history 'histri, 'histari |-ried -rid

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet [sang saeg |angry 'asg-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far |watch wot/, wntj (12) |jaw dsa Igorge gards Igo go

205

histrionic

ES + -'Dn-;

hole

hit-and-miss ^hitn'mis

Hoboken 'hobokan
Hobson 'habsn; ES-f-'hobsn
hock hak; ES+hnk; |-ed -t
hockey 'haki; ES + 'hoki

hit-and-run 'hitn'rAn ('hit-and-^run 'driver)

hocus

^histri^anik;

histrionic
|-ally -Ii,

-1

|-al

-ikh

hit hit

H-

hither

'hitJa^;

ES

'hitJa(r;

^hitSa^'tu;

hitherward 'hitJa'wa'd

('hither.to

^hitJa-;

ES

ES

'hitiawad;

[-s

-z

|-ism -jizam [-ite

'hitlaCr;

-jait

Hitlerian hit'lirian
hit-or-miss 'hita^'mis;

ES

'hita^mis

hit-skip 'hit'skip |-ped -t ('hit-^skip 'driver)

hm hm

the

ES ho3(r, E-i-hosCr
hoard herd, hard; ES hoad, E-t-haad; |-ed -id
hoarfrost 'hor^frast, 'har-, -^frDst; ES 'hoa-,
hor, har;

E-f-'haa-

hoarhound

'horjhaund,

'har-;

ES

'hoa-.

ES

hoas, E-i-haas

'hori, 'hari; S 'hori

hoaryheaded 'hori'hdid,

'hari-;

'hori-;

hob hab; ES+hob; |-bed -d

hob-and-nob 'haban'nab; ES + 'hoban'nnb
Hobart Tasni 'hoba^t, -bart, US pers. name
-bat, -ba:t

Hobbes habz; ES-t-hnbz;

ES + 'hnbl;

|-'s

]-d

-iz

-d |-Ung -blig,

Hogarthian

'habi; ES-i-'hobi; |-horse -^hars;

ES

-jhaas

-'ga:0-,

'hag-, 'hog- |-ed -t

hog
hogwash 'hagjwaj",
cf hog

c/hog

jhog-

'hag-, 'hog-, -iWa/, -jWdJ

ES

-jzalan, -jZdI-:

{Ger jho:an'tsalarn)

hoiden 'haidn

|-ed -d j-ing -dniij,

-dnig

hoi polloi 'haipa'lai

hoise arch, haiz jhoised haizd or hoist haist
hoist V pres haist |-ed -id

hokeypokey 'hoki'poki
Hokkaido ha'kaido, hohokum 'hokam
Holbein 'holbam,

'hal-, 'hol-

hold hold [held held

\arch.

pptc hoiden 'holdan

holdall 'holdpl

holdback 'hold^baek

hobman-blind

Hoiden 'holdan, -dm

'habman'blaind; ES-f'hnb-;

hodman-blind

holder 'holda^;

ES

'holda(r

hobnail 'hab^nel; ES-h'hob-; |-ed -d

holdfast 'hold.faest; E-t--,fasf, -,fast

hobnob 'hab^nab; ES+'hob^nnb; |-bed -d

hobo 'hobo

holdup 'holdjAp

[full

E-f-

hognose 'hag^noz, 'hag-, 'hog- j-d -Acf hog

hognut 'hagjnAt, 'hag-, 'hng-, -nat cf hog
hogshead 'hagz^hed, 'hagz-, 'hogz-, -zid cf

hobgobHn 'hab^gabbn; ES-t-'hob^gobbn

see

ES

ho'garOian;

Holborn Loud 'hoba^n, 'hoi-; ES -ban; Scotl

hol'bom, -'bam; ES -'boan, E + -'baan

-bhg
hobbledehoy 'habldi.hai; ES-f 'hob-

hobby

see hoodman-blind
hoe ho jhoed hod [-cake -jkek
hog hag, hag, hog; S hag, hag, hng; [ged -d
Hogarth 'hogarO; ES -ga:0, E-|--ga:0

hoicks haiks

('hoary jheaded 'joke)

hoax hoks |hoaxes 'hoksiz [hoaxed hokst;

\NEngd+}x6ks {46)

hobble 'habl;

hodman-bhnd 'hadman'blaind; ES+'hod-;

Hohenzollern 'hoan^zala^n;

hoary

ES

ES-f'hndsjpods;

Hohenlinden 'hoan^hndan
Hohenstaufen Ger jho:an'/taiifan

E-i-'haa-

hoarse hors, hars;

'hoba^t;

'hads^pads;
-d

hogmanay jhagma'ne,

nasal, w-ith closed lips

ho ho

H-

-iz |-d

hogback 'hag^baek,

hive haiv hived harvd

hoar,

hodgepodge

-'ga:0-

Hittite 'hitait

h'm,

[-ed -t

Hodgenville 'hadsan^vil; ES-f-'hodj-, S+-vl

[-most -jmost

ES

|-s

'hitla^;

[hocused

hod had; ES-f-hod

halts

'came)

Hitler

'hokasiz

|hocuses

hocus-pocus 'hokas'pokas

hitchhike 'hit/^haik -hiked -^haikt

hithe,

'hokas

'hokast

hitch hit/ Ihitches 'hitjiz |hitched hit/t

hitherto

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz,

fmz

ES

'fs'Sa

hole hoi jholed hold

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[dish dij [vision 'visan

tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

H-

'holinis

Holinshed

home hom |homed homd;

ES + 'hnl-

holiday 'habjde;
holiness,

|-'s

-iz

ES +

'halnij/ed;

'hahnzjhEd,

part=

homely 'homh; A^Eng^+'hb'mli

homemade 'hom'med

ha 'la see hollo

Holland 'habnd; ES+'hnlhollandaise ^halan'dez; ES+^hul-;
jdaise 'sauce)

hollo 'halo, ha'lo

This

ES

word

living

'hal3(r, 'hoi-,

holler

is

shunned by many.

ES + 'hnl-; |-ed -d |-ing

ES -W3(r; |-est -lawist

hollow 'halo, 'hab;

|-er

('hollan-

'wordb'\io\\diare hardly

The

in current use.

-lawa^;

holly 'hah;

ES + 'hoh

hollyhock

'hah,hak,

Holmes homz; NEtigd+h'6mz

(46)

|-'s

'holmiam

|holmium

'holmia

-iz

1-mic

-mik
holocaust 'halajkast; ES + 'holHolof ernes, -pher- jhab'fyniz;

ES

jhab-

'faniz, jhnl-, -'fyniz; |-nes' -niz

holograph 'hab^graef;

ES + 'hol-,

-/graf

holophote 'habjfot;

ES + 'hnl-

holp arch, past &' pptc of help help

holpen arch, pptc of help 'holpan

Holstein 'holstain, with US farmers usually

ES

-st3(r; |-ed

H-

holt;

NEngd+Kolt

holy 'hoh |holily

'holali,

-ikh

-ei

homer

Homer

'homa^;
'homa^;

ES 'homaCr
ES 'homaCr
|-al -1 |-ally

-h, -ikli

homesick 'hom^sik

homespun 'honijSpAn
homestead, H- 'homjSted, 'homstid
homestretch 'hom'stret/

|-es -iz

homeward 'homwa-d; ES 'homwad

homework 'hom^wyk; ES -^wsk, -^wyk
homey 'homi
homicidal jhama'saidl; ES+-ihDm-; |-ly -i
homicide 'hamajsaid; ES + 'homhomiletic jhama'ktik; ES + ihnm-; |-al -1
-ikh

homily 'hamli; ES+'hom-

hominy 'hamani; ES + 'homhomo, H- 'homo \pl homines 'hamayiiiz;

ES + 'homhomogamic jhoma'gasmik, ^ham-; ES + zhomhomogamy ho'magami, -'mngjham-;

ES +

^ham-;

ES +

homogenesis jhoma'dsEnasis, jham-;

ES +

jhiom-

-d |-ing 'hol-

starig, 'holstrig
holt,

|-ally -li,

homogeneity jhomadsa'niati,

'holstin {Ger 'halXtain)

Holstein-Friesian 'holstain'frisan, -stinholster 'holsta^;

homeopathic jhomia'pseOik

homeopathist jhomi'apaGist; ES+-'dp-; |-thy

l-ally -li,

E+-^graf,

{46)

homemaker 'honijmeka^; ES -^mekaCr

homeopath 'homi3jpae6 |-ths -6s

Homeric ho'inerik

ES + 'hoh^faDk;

-jhok;

The pronunciation 'hah^hok is evidenced

from all parts of US and from Canada.
Hollywood 'hahjwud; ES + 'holiholm horn
holmia

homebred 'hom'bred ('home-bred 'mink)

homeland 'homeland
homelike 'hom,laik

'head.'

holla 'hala,

-bwiij

\A^Engd+K6m

{46)

'hoi-; -]Jed is a sp. pron.; the second

'hala^;

homoDhonous

206

holiday

{46)

homogeneous
jhom-

jhoma'dsLmas,

/hnm-

-hh

ES+

holyday 'holi,de

homogenize ho'mad33,naiz;

Holyhead Wales 'hah.hed, -'hed; ES + 'tnliHolyoke 'holijok. Mass city cf college 'holjok
Holyrood Scotl 'halijrud; ES + 'hnli-

homologous ho'malagas; ES+-'mDlhomologue 'hamajbg, -jlag, -jlog; ES + 'hom-

holystone 'holi/Ston

|-d

-d

holy tide 'holi^taid

ES + 'hnlihomage 'hamids, 'am-; ES + 'hom-, 'nm-;

Holywell 'halijWl, -wal;

|-s

-IZ |-d -d

hombre Sp 'man' bmbre \pl -bres -bres

hombre 'omber' 'amba^; ES 'ambaCr, 'nm-

Key:

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

bee bi |pity

baO (10) [ah a

|far

'piti

-'mods-

homology ho'maladsi; ES + -'mDlhomonym 'hama^nim; ES + 'liDmhomonymous ho'manamas; ES+-'mmi-;

|-my -mi

homophone 'ham3;fon; ES + 'hnmhomophonic jhama'fanik; ES + ihoma'tomk

homophonous ho'mafanas; ES+-'mDf-; |-ny

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang Seg langry 'asg-gri

far |watch watj,

wotj

(12) |jaw dga |gorge gards [go go


homorganic
homorganic jhomar'gaenik, jham-; ES jhomaa'gaenik, jham-, jhora-

Homo

-li

hooky 'huki

-Jai

hooligan 'huhgan [-ism -jizam

'ho'naen, -'nan(C/ww 'xA'nan)

Honduran han'duran,
hnn-;

-'diur-, -'djur-;

ES +

honey 'hAni jhoneyed

[-ed -t

hoopoe 'hupu
hooray hu're, huHoosac 'husak, -saek

hone hon [honed hond

ES + 'nn-;

hoop hup, hup

hooping-cough 'hupigjkof, 'hupig-, -jknf

|-ras -ras |-ras's -rasiz

honest Wist;

Hooker 'huka^; ES 'hukaCr

hookup 'hukjAp

hookworm 'huk^ws^m; ES -^wsm, -jwa^m

sapiens 'homo'sepiiCnz

homunculus ho'mAgkjabs

Honan

hornpipe

207

|-y -i

'liAnid |-bee -jbi

honeycomb 'hAni,kom |-ed -d

honeydew 'hAnijdju, -jdni, -^du
honeymoon 'hAnijinun |-ed -d

hoosegow, hoosg- 'husgau

honeysuckle 'hAiu^sAkl

hoot hut [hooted 'hutid

|-d

Hoosic, -sick 'husik

honey-tongued 'hAni'tAijd ('honey-jtongued

'hag'kag, 'hon'kng

Honiton 'hanitn,

loc.

'hAnitn;

ES + 'hnn-

honk 'hogk, 'haok, 'hogk |-ed -t

Honolulu jhana^la, -lu; ES + ^hon-;
'ho'noUuUu {even

honor

'ana';

ES

-nang, -nrig
jon-;

native

[-able -abl, -nrsbl |-bly -bli

-'raer-, -'rer-;

ES +

'buva(r

-pei 'ho'pe

hoplite 'haplait;

ES + 'hnp-

hop-o'-my-thumb 'hapamai'OAm; ES4- 'bnphopper 'hapaf; ES 'hapa(r, 'hephopscotch 'hapjskatj";

-na

ES + 'on^anaVifik; ES + ^Dn-;

Horace 'bans,

honorary 'an3,rEri;
honoritic

ES

(46)

Hopeh,

'an3(r, 'Dn3(r; |-ed -d |-ing

-z |-ria

|-s

'huva^;

Hopatcong ho'paetkqg, ha-, -kog

hope, H- hop [hoped hopt; \NEngd+h'6p

stress)

honorarium jana'rEriam,

Hoover

'husaCr

hooves pi of hoof huvz, huvz

hop hap; ES+hnp; |-ped -t

'Ann)

Hong Kong

ES

Hoosier 'husa-;

-d

[-al

-1

[-ally

-J"io

Honshu 'hanju, 'hon-

Horatius ba'rejas, bo-, -Jias

hooch hutj

horde hord, hard;

hood,

H- hud |hooded 'hudid

-hood

efiding, pron.

number
jhud.

from

-hud, -^hud according

of syllables; as 'maenbud,

The pron. of
lite

all

to

'laikh-

|-s

horehound
E-i- 'baa-

hooves -vz

-s \rarely

The pronunciation huf

the

N, E, and

S,

'borba'lija,

'bor^baund,

^bara'zantj,

-'zon-; |-ly

'har-;

ES

'boa-.

ES

'bar-;

'boa-.

jbar-,

^bor-;

ES +

-i

hormone 'barmon; ES 'baamon

Hormuz 'barniAz; ES 'baamAz; |-'s

H- barn; ES haan; |-ed -d
hornblende 'barnjbknd; ES 'haanhornbook 'barn^buk; ES 'baanHornell bar'nel; ES baa'nel
Horner 'barna'; ES 'baana(r
hornet 'barnit; ES 'baanit
Hornie 'bami; ES 'baam
horn-mad 'barn'maed; ES 'baanhornpipe 'bam,paip; ES 'baan-

-iz

horn,

|-ed -t

clearly prevails in

and probably in Canada.

hook huk [hooked hukt

|-ness 'hukidnis

ful [tooth tuO [further 'fy'Sa';

1-d -id

'bar-, -eb; S 'bor-

horizontal

hookah, -ka 'huka

[full

-iz

|-'s

boad, E+baad;

horizon ba'raizn |-ed -d |-ing -'raizmg -znig

Hooghly, -gly 'hugh

hooked adj 'hukid, hukt

ES

E-i--'baa-

adding -hud

or -jhud directly to the main ward.

hoodlum 'hudbm
hoodman 'hudman |-men -man
hoodman-blind 'hudman'blamd
hoodoo 'hudu [hoodooed 'hudud
hoodwink 'hud^wigk |-ed -t

hooey 'hui
hoof huf , huf

Horeb 'borab,
Hore-BeUsha

such words omitted

vocab. can be found by

[-ed -t

-iz

[-'s

Horatian ha'rejan, bo-, -/lan

Horatio ba're/o, bo-,

-h, -ikli

ES + 'hop^skntj";

'bar-, 'bor-, -as

ES

'fa'Sa

[custom 'kAstam [while bwail jhow bau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse f juz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'vijan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

horologe

Hottentot

208

horologe
'harajods,

ES+'Jods;

-]lad5;

'hor-,

'har-,

ES

horologer ho'raladsa^, ho-;

-'raladsaCr,

'haast-

'haasi

ES

hortative 'hartativ;

'haata-

ES

-jtari;

'haata,ton,

E + -;tari

horoscope harajskop, 'har9-, 'hnra-

ES + -'rDS-

horoscopy ho'raskapi, ha-;

ES

'harst'vssl;

ES

hortatory 'hartajton,

-'rol-; |-gist -dgist |-gy -dsi

ES

Hortense har 'tens;

horrendous ha'tEndas, ha-, ho-

haa-;

|-'s

-iz

ha-

|-ius

ES

Hortensia har'tensia, -Jia;

horrent 'harant, 'har-, 'hor-

ES

Hortensio har'tensi^o, -'tEnJjo;

ho-

horticulture 'hartiikAhJa-

H-

ES

hosanna,

horrify 'hara^fai, 'har-, 'hor-

hose hoz |hoses 'hoziz |hosed hozd

|-fied -jfaid

'har-, 'hnr-

hosier 'hosa^;

ES

'arda'kamha;

'aada-,

ES

aa-; {Fr

ES

haas;

ES

'ho3a(r; |-y

-i,

|-s

ES

'haas-

ES 'haasES 'ha3Sjka:(r, E + -jka:(r

horseback 'hars^baek;
horsecar 'harsjkar;

horsecloth 'hars^kbG, -^kloO |-ths -6s,

see

-tSz

-iz

hospitable 'haspitabl, 'hns-,

much

less freq.

hospitality ;haspi'taelati, ^hos-

hospitahzation jhaspitla'ze/an, jhns-, -ai'z-

hospitahze 'haspitj^aiz, 'hos-

|-s

-iz |-d -d

host host [hosted 'hostid

ES + 'hns-; |-s -iz

ES + 'hos-; |-ry -ri
'hastla^; ES 'hastla(r, 'hns-

hostage 'hastids;

cloth

ES 'haasES 'haas-

horsefly 'hars,flai;

horsehair 'harsjhcr, -^haer;

hosteler

'haasjha(r,

ES

'haaSjhaeaCr

ES

horsehide 'hars,haid;

'haas-

ES 'haas-, -jdsoki
ES 'haas-, E + -jlaf,

horse jockey 'harsjdsaki;

horselaugh

'harsjaef;

horseman

'haas-; |-men

'haas-;

manager

rider,

horseman racing

ES

hostile 'hastl, -til:

ES + 'hos-

hostility has'tilati;

ES+hos-

hostler

ES

'harsman;

sport, expert 'harsjinaen;

ES

'haas-; |-men -jinn

ES

'hasla^,

'asla^;

ES

'hasla(r,

'haas-

ES 'ha3s,pau-a(r
ES 'haas-; |-es -iz
'harsjju, -jjiu; ES 'haa/-,

horsepower 'harsjpaua^;

ES+hnt

ES + 'hntES + 'hothotbox 'hatjbaks; ES + 'hot^boks; |-es -iz

hot-breathed 'hat'breet; ES + 'hnthotchpot 'hat/jpat; ES + 'hot/jpot
hotchpotch 'hat/ipatj; ES + 'hot/jpotJ"; |-es
hot-blooded 'hafbUdid;

-IZ |-ed -t

horse-radish 'hars'rajdi/;

hotel ho'tl ('Hojtel 'Cleveland)

horseshoe 'harjjju,

hotfoot 'hat.fut;

ES

horsewhip 'harsjhwip;

hothouse 'hat,haus;

See in full 3^7.

ES

-jwum-;
see

Horsham 'harjam; ES 'haa/am;

ES + 'hntES + 'hnt-; |-ses -ziz

H- 'hatjspy; ES 'hatjsp3(r, -/spy,

hotheaded 'hat'hedid;

ES

'haas-; |-ped -t

woman

'hot-

sp. pron.

bee hi [pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

hotspur,

i-ed -id

ES-i- 'hot-

'haas-

horsewoman 'harsjwiiman,
'haas-; |-women -jWimin

|bath baeG;

ES + 'hnt-;

hothead 'hatched;

'haas-; |-d -d
horsetail 'hars,tel;

'asla(r

'hos-, 'ds-

hotbed 'hat^btd;

j-es -iz

-man

horseplay 'hars^ple;

-d

hostess 'hostis [hostesses 'hostisiz

hot hat;

|-ed -t

horseleech 'hars,litX;

|-d

hostel 'hastl;

horseflesh 'harsjfkj;

Key:

-sri

'hoz-

hospital 'haspitl, 'has^pitl, 'hns-

-iz |-d -t

|-s

horse-and-buggy adj 'harsn'bAgi;

ho'zia, 'hozia

has'pitabl, hos- |-bly -hh

ar'doe:vr)

-^laf

name

Hosmer 'hazma^; ES 'hazma(r,

hospice 'haspis, 'hns-

-'kom-; {Fr ardako'ba)

hors d'oeuvre ar'doevra, -'dAv;

horse hars;

ho'zia, pers.

('Hojsea 'Biglow)

-ra(r

Horsa 'harsa; ES 'haasa

hors de combat

ho'zaena

Hosea prophet

-iz

|-'s

ES

'hara', 'har-, 'hor-;

ha-

'haatijk Alt/a (r

horrification ^harafa'kejan, jhar-, ^hor-

horror

-s

|-ius's -siz

horrid 'hand, 'har-, 'hor-

Horrocks 'haraks,

(F,-

b'r'ta:s)

horrible 'harabj, 'har-, 'hur- |-bly -bli

horrific ha'rifik, ha-,

Horst Wessel
horsy 'harsi;

-iz

|-s

'piti

Hottentot 'hatn,tat;

ES + 'hotn^tot

(6) |rate ret |yet jst [sang saeg |angn,- 'aeg-gn

far |watch wat/,

wotj

(12) |jaw dja |gorge gards |go go

Howard

Houdini hu^dini

hough hak; ES+hok;

Hough

[-ed -t (Sc

howdah 'hauda
how-do-you-do

'hotn, 'hautn, 'hotri

Houlton 'holtn
hound haund |hounded 'haundid
Hounslow 'haunzlo
hour aur; ES aua(r
hourglass

ES

'aur^glaes;

ES %auad

'haua^d;

howbeit hau'biit

hox)

hAf, hoi, hai, hni

Houghton

hullabaloo

209

Houdini

^haudaJaMu,

di'du, 'haud'du

how-dy-do 'haudi'du
E+-]glas,

^aua-,

howe'er hau'er;

ES

Howells 'haualz

|-'s

hau'ea(r
-iz

ES hau'va(r
'hauitsa^; ES 'hauitsa(r

however hau'eva^;

-iglas; |-es -iz

houri 'huri, 'hauri

howitzer

Housatonic jhusa'tanik; ES+-'tDn-; loc.+

howl haul [howled hauld

house n haus [house's 'hausiz [houses 'hauziz

V

[-er -a^;

hauz [houses 'hauziz [housed hauzd

houseboat 'hausjbot

[-ed -id

housebreaking 'haus,brekig
housecarl 'hausjkarl;

ES

-^ka:l,

houseful 'hausjful

ES

-'8va(r

hoy hai [hoyed hoid

hoyden 'haidn [-ed -d [-ing -dnig, -dnig
hub hAb [hubbed hAbd

huckaback 'hAka^baek

[fuls -jfulz

huckle 'hAkl [-back -jbaek (-backed -jbaekt

household ^aus^hold, -jold

housekeeper ^hauSikipa*;

howsoever jhauso'eva';

hubbub 'hAbAb
Hubert 'hjuba^t, %iu-; ES -bat

E+'^ka:!

housefly 'haus^flai

ES

huckleberry,

-jkipaCr

H-

'hAkl^beri,

housel 'hauzl [houseled 'hauzld

hucklebone 'hAkjjbon

ES

-ban

houseless 'hauslis

huckster 'hAkst*;

housemaid 'haus^med

hucksterer 'hAkstara^;

house-raising 'haus^rezio

huddle 'hAdl

housetop 'hausjtap; ES+-jtDp

Hudibras

housewarming 'hauSjWDrmig; ES -jWDamig

Hudibrastic jhjudi'braestik, jhiu-

housewife ^wommi' 'hausjwaif

Hudson 'hAdsn

|-ves -vz

housewife 'sewing-kit' 'hAzif, 'haus^waif

|-fes

housewife v 'haus^waif

|-s

ES

soldier b" city 'hjustan, 'hius-;

street,

Ga

co.

'haustan, Scotl 'hustan

Houyhnhnm

hu'inam,

^winam,

^hwin-

ES + 'hDvl;

-iz

'hiub-,

'hjubna^,

'hib-;

less freq. 'hava^;

ES

-V3(r,

'hov-; j-ed -d [-ing -varig, -vrig

Hugh

-na(r;

h)u, hiu

hjuz, hiuz

Hugh 'hugk
Hugo %jugo,

|-'s

-iz

'hiugo

Huguenot 'hjugajnat, 'hiu-; ES-h-^nrat

huh hA {nasal a) &" various other grunts
hula or hula-hula 'hula, 'hula 'hula

hulk hAlk [hulked hAlkt

how hau

hull hAl [hulled hAld

How(e) hau

hullabaloo 'hAlabajlu, 'hAlaba'lu

[full

ES

Huidekoper 'haidi^kopa^; ES -;kopa(r

[-ed -d [-ing -vlig, -vlig

hover 'hAva^, imich

[-'s

hug hAg [hugged hAgd

huge hjudg, hiuds, judj
huggermugger 'hAga^^mAga^; ES 'hAga^mAgaCr

Hughes

''m^m^m
hove n & past of heave hov
hovel %Avl, much less freq. 'havl;

'hjudi^braes, 'hiu-

huff hAf [huffed hAft

Housman 'hausman

NYC

'hAkstara(r

Huerta 'werta {Sp Verta)

-jwsk, -jwyk

housing 'hauzig

botanist 'hustan,

ES

-d [ling ^hAdhg, 'hAdhg

{Ger 'hy:bnar)

-s [-d -t

housewifery 'hausjwaifn, -fan, 'hAzifri

housework 'hausjwyk;

|-d

'hAksta(r

hue hju, hiu jhued hjud, hiud

Huebner

-fs [-ves -vz

Eng

-a(r

Hubbell 'hAbl

housebroken 'haus^brokan

Houston Tex

ES

howlet 'haukt

jhuza-

house

'haudaju'du.

'haudaji'du, 'haudja'du, 'haudju'du, 'hau-

ful [tooth tue [further 'fytSa^;

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em

tai

'kipni


husband

210

hulio
hullo ha'lo Ihulloed ha'lod

humph

Hulme hjum, hium, hAlm

pufs

Humphrey,

Hultzen hul'tsen

hum hAm jhummed hAmd

l-s'

human

'hjuman, 'hiuman, 'juman

-mannis
humane hju'men, hiu'men, ju'men

-ry

'hAmfn, 'Am-,

humus 'hjumas,
Hun hAn

|-ness

hunch

'hjumaiiiizam, 'hiu-

|-ist -ist

-'ter-,

^hjumaena-, jhiu-

[hunches

hAntJ"

[th -e

-dad;

-drid,

Humber 'hAmba^; ES 'hAmb3(r

Humbert ^Amba^t; ES 'hAmbat
humble 'hAmbl, Umbl |-d -d The
Umbl is well preserved in the S.

been current

bumblebee 'hAmbl^bi
humbler 'hAmbla^, Um-; ES
-bhst |-bly -bk

Humboldt 'hAmboIt

historical

-blaCr;

|-blest

{per 'humbalt)

jdrAmd

Hume

hjum, hium
humerus 'hjumaras, 'hiuhumid 'hjumid, 'hiumid

hunh hA (nasal
hunk hAgk
hunky 'hAgki

'hiu-;

ES

jhjumili-.

biu-,

-^tari;

H-

'hiu-, 'ju-;

ES

The

-inrig

ES

[-Ung

'hsdijgsdi.

hsl, bs^l; |-ed -d

hurly-burly 'hylijbs'li;

hurrah ha'ra, ha'ra, hu-

'juma'.

in 'sense of

'hsli^bsli,

hurray ha 're, hu-

hurry 'hyi;

ES

ES

'hsn-, 'hAn-, 'hyi-

'hsn, 'hAn, 'hyi;

hurry-scurry, -sk- 'hs'i'skyi;

'hiu-, 'ju|-al -1

humorous 'hjumaras, 'hiu-, 'juhump hAmp [humped hAmpt

humpback 'hAmpjbaek [-backed -jbaekt

Humperdinck 'humpa^jdigk; ES 'humpa-

'hyli-

'hjuran, 'hiu-

hurricane 'hyijken;

jhiu-

ES

>yh
Huron

humoristic jhjumaVistik, jhiu-, jju-

'hAn'skAn, 'hyi'skyi
hurt hyt;

ES

hurtle 'hytl;

hst, hyt;

ES

'hstl,

[-ried

ES

[-ried

-d

'hsn'sksn.

-d

|-ful -fal [-fully -fall

'hs^tl;

|-d

-d

[-Ung

-thg, -thg

husband 'hAzband [husbanded 'hAzbandid

3^7. bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angn*^ 'aeg-gri
ba6 (10) [ah a [far far [watch watj, wutj" (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

in full

ES

'hydijgydi;

pron.

to occzir

humoresque jhjumaVesk,

[bath bae6;

ES

-dhg, -dhg

-ma(r; |-ed -d

humor,' 'mood,'' and in the verb.

humorist 'hjumarist,

[-shire -i/ir, -Ja';

-Ja(r

huntsman 'hAntsman -men -man

hurdle 'hydl; ES 'hsdl, 'hydl; [d -d

hurl hyl;

'hAin3(r

most likely

'hAnta(r

'hydijgydi

hummingbird 'hAmiQjbyd; ES -^bsd, -^byd

hummock 'hAmak |hummocked 'hAmakt

is

ES

'hAnta^;

hurdy-gurdy

-jtori

humility hju'milati, hiu-

-mariij,

-d |-ing

Huntington 'hAntigtan
Hunts short for Huntingdonshire hAnts

-jd3a(r

hiu-,

hju'mihajtori,

humor 'hjumy,

-'ger-

hunky-dory jhAgki'dori, -'dan; S -'don

Hunnish 'hAmJ

- Jia(r,

hjujimli'ejan,

ES

[-ed

a) a' other similar sounds

Huntingdon 'hAntigdan

|-fied -jfaid

;hiu-

'hAma^;

hAg'gEnan,

'hAgga(r;

Hunterian hAii'tinan

humiliate hju'imlijCt, hiu- |-ated -/Ctid

humiliatory

|-rian

Jias

Tennyson and

the 14c to

ES

-,fold

-dad

'hAggarig, 'hAggrig |-gry -gri

hunter,

humidity hju'midati, hiu-

humiliation

King George V.
hung hAQ
Hungary 'hAugari

-'fold,

[-fold

'hAndd,

hunt hAnt hunted 'hAntid

|-es -iz |-ri -{tai

humidify hju'midajfai, hiu-

humidor 'hjumijdar,

from

hunger 'hAgga^;

humbug 'hAitiybAg [humbugged 'hAm,bAgd

humdrum 'hAm^drAm |humdrunimed 'hAm-

Key: See

[hunched

'hAntJiz

hunchback 'hAntJjbaek [-backed -jbtekt

hundred 'hAndrad, -drid, -da'd; ES -drad.
j-weight -'wet, -jwet

'juma(r

-z

|-s

'hiu-

humanity hju'maenati, hiu-

|-ing

-pfri

nasal

hAnt/t

humanitarian hju^maena'tErian, hiu-,

hummer

C7

-z

|-ness

-'mennis

humanism

hmmm b various other grimts

husbandman

Hyksos

211

husbandman 'hAzbandman, -banman j-men

-man

hydrodynamics jbaidrodai'nsemiks

husbandry 'hAzbandri
hush HaJ hushed hAjt

hydrogen 'haidradsan, -d3in

hydroelectric jhaidro-i'lektrik
|-ate -fit |-ated

-jCtid

|-edly -idli

hushaby 'hAjajbai
Hushai 'hju/ijai, 'hiu-, -Jai
husk hAsk husked hAskt
husky 'hAski Husky 'hAski
Huss Has |Huss's 'Hasiz |-ite

hydrogenize ^aidradsanjaiz

|-s

-iz |-d -d

hydrogenous hai'dradsanas; ES^-'drndshydrographer hai'dragrafa^, -'drog-; ES

-fa(r; |-phy -fi

hussar hu'zar;

ES

hydroid 'haidraid

-ait

hydrolysis hai'drabsis; ES+-'drDl-;

hu'za:(r, E+-'za:(r

hussy 'Hasi, 'Hazi

|-yses

-jsiz

hustle 'hAsl |-d -d |-ling ^hAshg, 'hAs]ig

hydromechanics jhaidromi'kaeniks
hydromel 'haidrajmel

huswife 'hAzif

hydrometer hai'dramata^; ES -'dramata(r,

hustings 'hAstigz

-'drom-

hut hAt Ihutted 'hAtid

hutch hAt/ [hutches 'hAtJiz [hutched hAtJt

hydropathic jhaidra'paeOik

Hutten, von fan'hutn

hydropathy hai'drapaOi; ES + -'drDphydrophobia /haidra'fobia

hydroplane 'haidra^plen

Huxley 'hAksli
Huygens ^haiganz

hydroponics jhaidra'paniks; ES+-'pDn-

huzza ha^za, hu'za

Hwang-ho
hyacinth,

Hyads

hydropsy 'baidrapsi; ES + -drDphydroquinone jhaidrokwi'non

^hais^sinO |-ths -Os

'haiadz |Hyades 'haia^diz

hyaena hai'ina

hydrosphere

hyaline 'haislin

-'sfeaCr

hyalogen hai^el3d33n,

Hyannis hai'aenis
Hybla 'haibb
hybrid ^haibrid

-dsm

hai^bridati

\-s

-iz [-d

|-s

-'draendsia, -dsa

-id

hygienic jhaid3i'nik

|-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

hydrocarbon jhaidro'karban, -ban;

ES

|-s

-s |-al -1 ]-ally -li,

-ikh
hygienist 'haid3ianist

'ka:b-,

E + 'ka:b-

hydrocephaly jhaidro'sefab

hyena hai'ina
Hygeia hai'dgia
hygiene 'haidsin, 'haidgi^m

hydride ^haidraid, -dnd |drid -drid

hygrometer hai'gramata';

ES

-'gramata(r,

-'grom|-lic

-sa'faelik

hydrochloric jhaidra'klorik, -'kbr-; S -'klor-

hydrochloride jhaidra'kloraid, -'kbr-, -id; S

hydrocyanic jhaidrosai'aenik
ful [tooth tue [further 'fytJa^;

hygrometric jhaigraWetrik

'fstJa

-1

|-ally -li,

hygroscope 'haigrajskop

Hyksos

ES

|-al

-ikh

hying ptc of hie

-'klor-; |-rid -id

|full

hydroxide hai'draksaid, -id; ES+-'drDks-;

l-id

hydrant 'haidrant
hydrate n 'haidret, -drit
hydrate v 'haidret |hydrated 'haidretid

-bon,

hydrous 'haidras

hydrozoan, H- ^haidra'zoan

H- hai'drendsa,

hydraulic hai'drolik

-fid

hydroxyl hai'draksil; ES+-'drDk-

-z |-drae -dri

hydracid hai'draesid
hydrangea,

^haidro'sAlfaid,

-fide,

hydrotherapeutics jhaidrOjOera'pjutiks, -'piu-

'bad, 'haidra-, ^haidra-

'haidra

-s |-al -1 |-ally

hydrosulphite jhaidro'sAlfait

-d

Hydaspes hai^dsespiz |-pes' -piz

Hyderabad, Hydra- 'haidsrs^b^d, jhaidara-

Hydra

S+

|-phid, -fid -fid

hybridization jhaibrida'zefan, -ai'z-

hybridize 'haibrid^aiz

[-s

-jsfia(r,

-h, -ikh

hydrosulphide,

|-ity

ES

'haidra^sfir;

hydrostatic ^haidra'staetik

-iz

|-'s

ES + - 'drop-

hydroponist hai'drapanist;

'hwag-

'hwseij'ho,

H-

|-al -1

'haiirj

'hiksos, -sas;

ES + -sds

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

(using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan jEden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm


Hymen

212

Hymen, h- 'haiman
hymeneal ^haima'nial |-ly -i |-nean -'nian
hymenopterous jhaima'naptaras, -tras; ES +
-'nnp-

hypnotic hip'natik;

|-tist -tist

hypnotize 'hipna^taiz

-iz [-d

hypodermic
-'dym-;

-'ps-, -V^^-;

-li;

ES

-z

I-s

hyperbolize hai^s^bajlaiz;
-IZ |-d

jhaipa'balik,

ES

jhaipa'bor-,

|-ally -ji, -ikli |-ticism

ES

-'bar-;

ES

^haipa-;

|-al

ES

-|

ES

jhaipa-;

ES

jhaipa-

ES

-'p3-,

-V^'-;

hyphen 'harfan

j-ed -d |-ate -jCt |-ated -jctid

'haifaiijaiz

[-s

hypothesis

hyrax,

'ai, ^ai;

hythe,

poss I's aiz

as in possible 'pasabl, divide daVaid.

bee bi jpity

bae (10) |ah a

[far

-iz

|-al -1 [-ally -li, -il:!i

'hairaeks [-es -iz [-races -ra^siz

|-n

-n

-li, -ikli

H-

-s |-al -1 j-ally -li, -ikli

|-s

haitS

rule only one pronunciation (a or

in the vocab.

The

permissible if

it

it

i) is

shown

alternative pron. with

does not sound

woidd in possible) or with a

,

sound slovenly (as

it

artifi-cial

if

it

i is

(as

does not

would in sluggish).

But such judgments depend somewhat on

habit, and as regional practice varies con-

'piti (6)

[rate ret \ytt jet [sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gri

obscured in the direction of the sound a,

H-

|-s

hysteria his'tiria, less freq. his'teria

unstr. ai, 3i, familiar a

See in full 3-47.

|-ses

hysteresis ,hista'risis

[bath baeO;

ES-i--'pdG-;

Hyrcania hy'kenia; ES hs-, hy-;

hyson 'haisn
hyssop ^hisap

The nonfinal unaccented vowel

spelt i and originally pron. i shoivs a tendency
in innumerable words of normal conversation

Key:

hai'paOasis;

hysteric bis'tsrik

-iz |-d -d

hypnosis hipWsis [-noses -'noslz

letter ai \pl I's, Is,

-jius, -jus,

-iz

hysteretic ^histaVrtik [-ally

|-phied -fid

to he

[-s

hypothesize hai'paOajsaiz; ES+-'pDe-;

jhaipa-

jhaip^'Oairaidjizam;

hj^ertrophy hai'pytrafi;

I,

ES+-VDt-;

-jsiz

|-vity -jS2nsa'tivati

hyperthyroidism

-z;

l-d-d
hypothetic jhaipa'OEtik

hypersensitive jhaipa^'sensativ;

-SAl'fju-,

hypothecate hai'paGajket; ES-f-'pnG-; |-d -id

hypothecation haijpaea'ke/an; ES-h-iPoG-

jhaipa-

hyperopia jhaipa^'opia

I pro stressed

^haipa'sAlfaras,

-'fiu-

ES

Hyperion haiVinan

hyphenize

hyposulphite ^haipa'sAlfait

-tajSizam

hyperfunction jhaipa^'fAijkXan;

ES+-'fDs-;

jhaipa'fasfet;

hypotenuse, -poth- hai'patrijus,

H- jbaipa^'borian,
E + -'bar-

hypercritic ^haipa^'kritik;

-i-

-Mam-,

|-phite -fait

-'p3-> -'py-;

hypercivilized jhaipa^'sivljaizd;

i-,

ES

[-ally -li, -ikli

hyposulphurous

-d

hyperborean,

[-ly -i, -ikli

hypophosphorous jhaipa'fasfaras; ES+-'fDS-

ES

jhaipy'balik;

-'bol-; [-ally -li |-icly -ikli

I,

ES + -'pDk-

jhaipa'dymik;

hypophosphate

-'py-;

-'ps-,

-z

hyperbolic

|-s

ES-i-

hypogene 'hipajdjin, 'haipa-

hyperacidity jhaipara'sidati, -ae'sidati

hyperbole haiipyba^li,

^hip-;

hypocrite 'hipa^krit
hypocritical jhipa'kritikl

ES

-d

^haipa'kandna,

hypocrisy hi'pokrasi;

hyperacid jhaipa^'aesid

|-s

[-s

-'knn-; [-driac -drijaek

-/a

hyperbola hai'pa^bala;

-li,

'haipo

hypochondria

hyoid 'haiaid

Hypatia hai'pe/ia,

[-ally

hypnotism 'hipna^tizam

hypo

Hymettus hai'metas |-'s -iz

hymn him [hymned himd [hymning 'himii)
hymnal 'himnal |-nist -nist |-nody -nadi
hymnbook 'him^buk
hymnology him'naladsi; ES+-'nDl-

ES-i--'nDt-;

-ikh

As

far [watch wat/,

wntj

(12) jjaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

ideography

213

an enlightened judgment and

siderably, only

ending (mania)

-ia

ruffian),

sanio),

-ia-

plus consonant (trivial,

plus cons, (alien), -io (Bas-

-ie-

plus

-io-

combinations

(scorpion),

cons,

(tedious), -ius (radius).

-ious

These and similar

unstressed

of

ichneumon ik'njuman,
ichor 'aikor, -ka^;

observation can decide.

plus

vowel

In

regularly have double prons. la &" ja.

ES

-'niu-, -'nu-

'aik33(r, 'aik3(r

ichthyologic ^ikGis'ladsik;

ES

ichthyosaur 'ikGiajSar;

icily 'aisli, 'aisili

is

given, with

more or

is also

common.

less

-jS33(r

ichthyosaurus, I- jikOia'saras

common

in ordinary speech

|-gy

-d5i

icicle 'aijsikl, 'aisikl |-d

understanding that the other pron.

|-al -1

ichthyologist jikOi'aladsist; ES-t--'Dl-;

the vocab. usually the one believed to be most

the

ES + -'lDd5-;

|-ally -li, -ikli

|-es -iz |-ri -rai

-d

icing 'aisig

Ickes

'ikis, -as, -iz [-'s -iz

lachimo 'jakijmo; so Shak.; mod.+3a}sek^ imo

icon 'aikan, -knn

lago I'ago

iconoclasm

|-s

-z |-es 'aika,niz

ai^kana^klaezam;

ES-h-'knn-;

1-clast -iklaest

-ial see -ia

iamb 'aiaemb |-ic ai'aembik

iambus ai'aembas |-es -iz |-bi ai'aembai

iconoclastic ai,kana'klaestik, ^aikana-; ES-i-

-ian see -ia

iconography ^aikan'ografi, -'ng-

iarovize 'jara^vaiz

|-s

-on-; |-ally

icosahedron jaikosa'hidran |-dra -dra

-d

-iz |-d

-ikh

-li,

Iberia ai'biria |-ian -lan

ictus 'iktas

ibex, I- 'aibeks |-es -iz |ibices 'ibi^siz, 'ai-

icy 'aisi

ibidem abbr.

I'd abbr. spelling of I had, I would, stressed

ibid,

i^baidem,

'ibid, 'aibid

'aid, jaid; unstr. aid, aid, occas.

ibis 'aibis |-es -iz

Idaho 'aida^ho,

-ibie see -able

ending of advs

to

words in

-ic

(comic) or

in -ical (radical), pron. -ik-l-i ('raedik-l-i)

The pron. ivith -ik-li

very common colloquially, and in a good

or -ik'h ('raedik-b).
is

many

ad

'aidi^ho |-an -an

idea ai'dia, ai'dia, occas. by sentence rhythm

Ibsen 'ibsn
-ically

|-es -iz

ivords is recognized by the spelling,

'aidia

ideal ai'dial, ai'dil, ai'dial |-ism -jizam

idealistic
1

jaidial'istik,

ai^d-

-dial-,

|-al

ideality jaidi'aelati

as in authentically, -thenticly, cubically.

idealization ai,diala'zeXan, -jdial-, -ai'z-

heroically,

specifically,

-icly,

-icly,

rannically, -icly,

rustically,

symbolically,

-icly,

-icly,

ty-

idealize ai'dialjaiz, ai'dial-

ideation ^aidi'ejan

Icarus 'ikaras,

ideatum jaidi'etam |-ta -ta

idem 'aidem
idempotent ai'dtmpatant
Iden 'aidn

'ai- |-'s -iz

ice ais |ices 'aisiz |iced aist

-ibsg, -jbyg

iceboat 'aisjbot

icebound 'aiSjbaund
icebox 'aiSjbaks;
ice

identic ai'dentik

ES + -jbDks;

cream 'ais'krim

identity ai'dentati

ideogram 'idia^graem,
ideograph

|-ses -ziz

|-ic

ais'laendik

iceman 'aiSjmaen, -man |-men

Ichabod 'ika^bad, -jbod
|full

|-al -1 [-ally -|i, -ikli

identify ai'denta^fai j-fied -jfaid

'ice-

jcream 'soda)

Iceland 'aisland

-d

identification aijdentafa'kejan

[-es -iz

ice-cream 'ais%rim ('ice-'cream jcone,

icehouse 'aiSjhaus

-iz |-d

ideate v ai'diet, -'diet |-d -id

etc.

ES

|-s

ideate n ai'diit, -et

Icarian I'kerian, I'ker-

iceberg 'aiS/byg;

-1

ally -li, -ikh

which usually lags behind pronunciation;

-icly,

|-ist

-ISt

'aidia-;

E-t--jgraf,

-iirai

-jinEn,

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fy'Sa^;

'aidia-

'idia^graef,

-man

ideographic jdia'graefik, ^aidia-

ideography

ES

'fstJa

,idi'agrafi, ^aidi-, -'og-

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzio [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan

[Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


illume

214

ideology
ideology ^aidi'abdsi, jid-;

ES + -'d1-

ileum 'iliam

[ileac, iliac 'ilijaek

'aikks

ides aidz

ilex, I-

id est 'that is' ^id'est

Ilfracombe 'ilfra/kum, jilfra'kum

idiocy 'idiosi

iliac 'ihjaek

idiom 'idiam

Iliac 'of Ilium' 'ili^aek

idiomatic /idia'maetik

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

idiosyncrasy jidia'smkrasi,

|-al -I |-ally

-h.

|-al -1 |-ally

-h.

j-ling ^aidliij, -dlig \-r -dla^;

-d

idle 'aidj |-d

ES

ai'dabta^;

-MdI-;

idolize 'aidljaiz

|-s

ES + -'dDm-;

|-'s

Idumaea, -mea

illegal I'Hgl, il'lJgl l-ly -i

illegibility

illegible

-iz |-d -d

Idomeneus ai'daman jus, -m3inius, -majnus;

jikdsa'bibti, ^ilkds-, ijrds-

I'kdsabl, il'kds- |-bly -bb

illegitimacy jib'djitamasi, jilb- [-mate -mit

ill-fated 'il'fetid ('ill-^fated 'project)

-iz

jidju'inia, ^aid-,

-du-

|-n

-n

Idun 'idun = Ithunn

ES

ill-favored 'il'feva^d;

-'fevad

ill-gotten 'il'gatn; ES-f-'gntn

ill-humor 'il'juma', -'bjuma^, -'hiu-;

'aidl

ai'dikk

|-al -1 |-ally

-h, -ikh

l-ed

ending see

ES

-ma(r;

-d

illiberal I'bbaral, I'bbral, il'l- |-ly -i

ending see -y

iUiberality jibba'raebti, jillib-

-ia

-ien ending see -ia

illicit I'bsit, il'bs-

if if, f

illimitable I'bmitabl, il'bm- ]-bly

igloo ^iglu

illinium I'lmiam

Ignatius Loyola ig'ne/as bi'ob, b'job

Illinoian ,ib'naian

igneous 'ignias

Illinois

ignescent ig'nEsnt
ignis fatuus. 'ignis 'f setJuas [ignes fatui 'igniz-

-bb

jib'nai, -'n3iz |-nois's -'naiz, -'naiziz

jib'naiz, not infrequent generally, is esp.

common

in the S.

Illinoisan jib'naian, -'naizan

'faet/ujai

ignite ig'nait |-d -id |-nition ig'ni/an

illiteracy I'btarasi, il'lit- |-rate -nt, -trit

ignoble ig'nobl |-bly -bli

ill-looking 'il'lukiij

ignominious jigna'minias

ill-mannered 'il'maena^d;

ignominy 'ignajmnii
ignoramus jigna'remas

ill-natured 'il'netja^d;

ignore ig'nor, -'nor;

ES

ig'no3(r,

{Sp

ill-starred 'il'stard;

^iga'rrote)

-'sta:d,

ES

E + -'sta:d

iguana I'gwana

ill-timed 'il'taimd ('ill-jtimed 'start)

Duce

Key:

ill-treat il'trit |-ed -id

see in- prefix

illume I'lum, I'lium

il'dutji {It il'du:t/e)

See in

|bath baeG;

fnil 3-47.

-'tempad

ill-tempered 'il'tempa-d;

11

-i.

-mand

ES

Igraine I'gren

'not''

[-ly

-ikb
ill-omened 'il'omind,

^I-

-'maenad

-'net/ad

ES + -'lod3-;

illogical i'lad3ikl, il'l-;

E + -'n33(r;

l-d-d
Igorot jiga'rot,

ES

ES

illness 'ilnis |-es -iz

|-es -iz

ignorance 'ignarans |-rant -rant

il-

it

ill-advised 'ibd'vaizd |-sedly -zidb

illegality jili'ga;bti

idolization jaidja'zejan, -ai'z-

-ie

but often suhstittited for

ill-bred 'il'bred

ai'dabtaCr,

|-tress -tris |-try -tri

-11

(= 'aijl)

ill-boding 'il'bodig

idol 'aidl |-ed -d ]-ing 'aidlig

idolater

not a contraction

ahhr. spelling o/ 1 will ail

illation I'le/an [illative 'ibtrv

-dl9(r; |-st -dhst

idly 'aidli

-iel

I'll

of I shall

-ikh

idyl,

'ibam

ilium 'ibam

iUiI

ES + 'Wik;

idiotic ;idi'atik;

idyllic

Iliad 'ibad

ilk ilk

-ikh
idiot 'idiat |-ism -jizam

ES

= ileac

Ilion 'iban |Ilium

-'siij-

idiosyncratic ^idiosm'kraetik

|-es -iz

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

[far

'piti

|-d

-d

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang

far [watch watj,

wotj

saerj

|angr}- 'aeij-gri

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards |go go

iliuminant

immorality

215

imbroglio im'broljo (It im'braXXo)

iliuminant i^lumsnant, I'humilluminate I'lumajnet, I'lium-

imbrue im'bru, -'briu

|-d -id

imbrute im'brut, -'briut

illumination ijluma'ne/an, ijium-

imbue im'bju,

illuminative I'lumajnetiv,

'hum-

illuminator I'luma^neta^, I'lium-;

-'biu |-d -d

ES

-t3(r

imidogen I'midadsan, I'mida-, -dsm

imine I'min

ill-usage 'il'jusidj, -'juz-

imi table 'imitabl

[-s

|-d -id

imid 'imid |imide 'imaid, 'imid

illumine I'lumin, I'liunun |-d -d

ill-use

-d

|-d

illuminati, I- i/luma'netai, ijlumi'nati, ijliuin-

-iz

imitate 'ima^tet [-tated -jtetid ]-tive -iv

'il'jus |-s -iz

imitation jima'te/an

-d

ill-use V il'juz |-s -IZ |-d

ES

illusion i'lu53n, I'liugan |-ed -d

imitator 'ima^teta^;

illusive I'lusiv, I'liusiv |-sory -sari

immaculate I'maekjaht

illustrate 'ibstret, I'Ustret |-d -id

immane I'men

illustration jibs'trejan, ijlAs'trefan

immanence 'imanans
Immanuel I'maenjual

|-nent -nant

immaterial ^ima'tinal

|-ly -i |-ism

illustrative I'lAstrativ, 'ibs^tretiv, I'Usjtretiv

illustrator 'ibsjtreta', I'lASjtreta';

ES

-t3(r

illustrious I'lAstnas
illy

subsiattdard for adv

ill

immature

'ih

Penseroso jilpensaVoso (It il^pense'roiso)

im-

am,

abbr. spelling of I

unstr.

aim,

occas.

stressed 'aim, ^aim;

am

'not' see in- prefix

image 'imids |-s -iz ]-d -d

imagery 'iimdsri, -dsari

-'tiur,

|-bly

imaginary I'maedsa^nEri
imagination i^maedsa'neXan

|-tive

I'maedga-

jnetiv

|-ly -i

immense I'mens |-sity -ati

immerse I'mTs; ES I'mss, I'mys;

imago I'mego

immix im'miks

|imagines I'maedsi^niz

imam I'mam |imaum I'mam, I'mom

imbalm im'bam; E + -'bam; |-ed -d
imbark im'bark; ES -'ba:k, E+-'ba:k;
-jsil |-lity

|-ed -t

|-died -did

-d |-ing -'boldnig.

-'boldmo

-ai'z[-s

-iz [-d -d

immoderate I'madarit, im'mad-, -drit; ES-t- 'modimmodest I'madist, im'mad-; ES-f-'mod-;

immolate 'ima^let |-d -id |-tion jima'le/an
immolator 'ima^leta^; ES -,leta(r
immoral I'maral, im'm-, -'mar-, -'mor- |-ly

imbricate adj 'imbrikit, -^ket

\-

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

-i

immorality jima'raebti, -ma-, -ma-, -mo-.

-id

-mo-

imbrication jimbri'kejan
|full

jmmo-

immobilization i^mobla'ze/an, im^mo-, jimob-.

l-y-i

imbosom im'buzam, -'buzam [-ed -d

imbower im'baua^; ES -'bau3(r
imbricate v 'imbn^ket

-'mikstja(r

-bil, -bil

immobilize i'mobl,aiz, im'mo-

-'bit3(r; |-ed -d

|-ed

immobility jimo'bibti,

jimmob-,

imbibe im'baib |-bibed -'baibd

imbolden im'boldn

ES

immobile I'mobl, im'm-,

/imba'sibti

imbody im'badi; ES+-'bDdi;

|-bly -bli

|-es -iz j-ed -t

immixture im'mikst/a^;

imbed im'bed -bedded -'bedid

ES

-iz |-d -t

immigrate 'ima,gret |-d -id |-tion jima'gre/an

imminence 'imanans |-nent -nant
immitigable I'mitagabl

\pl -s -z

[-s

immiscible I'misabl |-bly -bli

-d

|-d

immediacy I'midiasi
immediate I'midiit, esp. C I'midjat
immemorial ^ima'morial, jiimna-, -'mar-; S

imagist 'im3d3ist |-gism -jdsizam

imbitter im'bita^;

-a(r;

immersion I'my/an; ES I'ms/-, I'msJ"immigrant 'imagrant, -/graent

-bh

imbecile 'imbasl,

ES

-'tjur;

immeasurable I'mesrabl, im'm-, -'mesaral-bly -bk

-'mor-;

imaginable i'maed3in3bl, i'ma2d3n3bl

imagine I'maedgin

,ima'tur,

|-rity -ati

Ilokano jilo'kano

I'm

-^izam

immateriality jimajtin'aebti

Illyria I'liria |-n -n

11

-jteta(r

ES

'fstfa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vijan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

immortal

impersonality

216

ES

immortal I'martl;

impeach im'pit/

I'maatl

immortality jimDr'taebti;
immortalize I'martljaiz;

ES jimD'taebti
ES I'maatl-; |-s

|-es -iz [-ed -t

impeachability jimpit/a'bilati, im^plt/a -iz

impeachable im'pitjabl

ES

impearl im'pyl;

l-d-d

ES

immortelle jimar'tel;

im'psl, -'pyl; |-ed -d

impeccabihty ^impEka'bilati, im^pek-

jimaa'tel

immovability i^muva^bibti, inijmuv-, jimuv-.

impeccable im'pEkabl -bly -bh

jimmuvaimmovable I'muvabl, im'muv-

impecuniosity

immune

-jkiuni-;

impecunious jimpi'kjunias, -'kiun-

I'mjun, I'nuun |-nity -ati

immunization jimjuna'zejan,

^impijkjuni'asati,

ES-i--'ds-

|-bly -bli

-ai'z-

immunize 'imjainaiz, -ju- |-s -iz |-d -d

immunology jimjs'naladsi, -ju-; ES + -'nDlimmure I'mjur, I'miur; ES -3(r; |-d -d
immutability ijmjuta'bilati, -^miut-, jimjut-.

impede im'pid |-d -id |-dance -'pidns

impediment ira'pedamant
impedimenta jimpeda'mEnta, im,pdimpedimentary imjpEda'mEntari, -tn
impel im'pEl |-pelled -'peld

impend im'pend

jimiut-, jimra-

|-ed -id

immutable I'mjutabl, I'mnit- |-bly -bli

Imogen 'im3d3m, -an [-gene -jdsln

impenetrability jimpenatra'bilati, im^pen-

imp imp limped impt

impact n 'impaekt

impenitence im'pnatans

impact

impenetrable imVenatrabl -bly -bh

imperator jimpa'reta^;

V im'paekt |-pacted -'paektid

impair im'pEr, -'paer;

-'p3(r,

ES

-'paEa(r;

|-d

l-bly

impanel im'paenl -ed -d

ES

E+-'pa:k;

im'pa:k,

E+-'pa:t; [-ed -id

-'pa:t,

ES

impartation jimpar He/an;

impartial im'parfal;

ES

E 4- -parE + -'pa:j3l"

-pa:-,

-'pa:j3l

ES

adj,

-Ji'ael-;

ES

-pa-.

E + -paim^paes-; E-t-

imVaesabl;

^impa-

ES -W-.

imperforated im'pyfajretid;
imperial im'pirial

ES

-'paf-. -'pyf-

|-ly -i
|-ist -ist

imperialistic imipinal'istik [-ally -h,

-il |-ed

-i

kh

-d

imperious im'pirias
imperishability ,impEriJa'bilati, imjpEi'-

-pas-, -jpas-, -pas-, -jpas-

impassable

ES

-'ps^f-

imperil im'pEral,
jimpaesa'bilati,

jimpa-

im'ps^farit;

imperialism im'pirial^izam

l-ly -I

impartiality jimparlfaelati,

impassability

ES

-'psf-, -'ps^f-

imperfection jimpa^'fEkJan;

imperforate

ES

-bh

imperfect im'pyfikt;

-iz |-d -t

|-s

l-ed -t

impart imVart;

ES jimpaES impa-;

jimpa^'septabj;

imperceptive jimpa^'sEptiv;

imparadise im'paerajdais

l-bly

-'tor-

imperceptible

impalpable imVaelpabl |-bly -bli

im'park;

-Veta(r

imperceptibility jmpa'jsepta'bilati;

-d

impalpability jmpaelpa'bilati, im^pael-

impark

ES

imperatorial jimpera 'tonal, im^pEra-, -'tar-;

-d

l-ed

impale im'pe!

|-tent -tant

imperative im'perativ

E-i--'pas-,

-'pas-;

-bh

impasse im'paes, 'impaes; E-i--a-, -a-

|-s

{Fr x\a:%)
impassible im'paesabl |-bly -bh

-iz

imperishable im'psnjab}, |-bly -bh

imperium im'piriam |-ria -na

impermanent ira'pymanant;
-'pym-

ES

- 'p3m-.

impassionate adj im'paeXanit

impermeability
ES -3-, -y-

impassionate

impermeable im'pymiabl; ES -'psm-, -'pym-;

im'paeXanjet |-d -id

impassioned im'pae/and

l-bly

impassive im'pajsiv |-sivity jimpas'sivati

impaste im'pest

|-d -id

impatience im'pefans

Key:

See in full 3^7.

|bath baeO;

ES

-'p3S-,

-I

impersonality

|-tient -/ant

inijpym-;

-bh

impersonal im'pysnl, -'pysnal;

-'pys-; |-ly

impavid im'paevid

jimpymia'bilati,

^imps'sn'aelati,

nn^pys -;

ES

-3-, -3^-

bee bi

baG (10) |ah a

jpity 'piti (6) |rate ret jyet JEt |sang saeij Iangr>^ 'aerj-gri

jfar far

jwatch watj",

^votj" (12)

jjaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

impersonate
impersonate irnVs'sn^et;

ES

-'p3s-, -'pys-;

mportance im'partns; ES -'paatns;

|-tant

-tnt

l-d -id

jimpysn'e/an,

impersonation
-3-, -y-

ini/pys-;

ES

ES

-'pat-, -'pyt-;

-iz |-tinent -tnant

ES

imperturbability jimpa^jtyba'bilati;

-pa-

mportunate adj im'part/anit; ES

mportunate v ira'part/a^net; ES

-poa-,

ES

jimpa^'tybabl;

-pa'tsb-,

adj,

im'part/an;

jimpa^'tjun,

ES

ES

jimpyta^'be/an;

-pata-,

ES

-'tun,

-'tiun,

-'tiun-, -'tun-;

-iz |-d -d |-sing -ig

|-s

mposition jimpa'zi/an

-'psv-, -'p^'v-

ES +

mpossibility jimpasa'bilati, im^pas-;

impetigo jimpi'taigo
jimpet/u'asati,

ES +

im^pEt-;

-DS-

ES + -'pDS-;

mpossible im'pasabl;

-'ds-

|-bly

impetuous ira'pet/uas

mpost 'impost

impetus ^mpatas

mpostor im'pasta^; ES -'pasta(r, -'pnsmpostume im'past/um; ES + -'pDS-

Impey

|-es -iz

'impi |-an -an

|

impish

|-s -iz [-d

-d

mpound im'paund

'impij"

implacability jimpleka'bilati, im^plek-, -laek-

implacable im'plekabl, -'plaek- |-bly -bh

implant im'plnt;

E + -'plant, -'plant;

ES

-'pastXa(r, -'pos-

|-tent -tant

|-ed -id |-age -ids

mpoverish im'pavarij",

-vrij";

ES + -'pDV-;

|-es -IZ |-ed -t

|-ed -id

mpracticability jimpraektika'bilati, im^praek-

implausible im'pbzabl |-bly -bh

mpracticable im'praektikabi |-bly -bh

implead im'plid

mpractical im'praektikl

implement

7t

-bb

|-ed -id

mposture im'past/a^;
mpotence 'impatans

impiety imVaiati impious 'impias

impinge im'pmds

|-ed -id

mpracticality jimpraekti'kaelati, im^praek-

'implamant

implement v 'impla^mEnt |-ed -id

implemental ^impla'mentl
implementation jimplamen'te/an

mprecate 'impri^ket

implicate adj 'imphkit

mpregnability jimpregna'bilati, im^preg-

implicate v 'imph;ket

mpregnable im'pregnabl

im'plor,

|-d -id

imply im'plai

-'pbr;

ES

-'ploa(r,

E+

|-plied -'plaid |-pliedly -'plai-

ES + -'pd1-

im'pandarabl;

import

V im'port, -'part;

'import, -part;

export,

V.

|-es -iz
|-es -iz |-ed -t [-edly

-idh

mpressible im'prEsabl |-bly -bh

|-al -1 [-ally

-h

mpressionability imjpre/ana'bilati, -Jna-

mpressionable im'preXanabl, -/na- |-bly -bh

ti

|full

ES + -'pDn-;

-bk

import

im'pres

mpression im'prs/an

-Dn-

|-ed -id

mpressibility jimptEsa'bilati, im^prES-

imponderability jimpandara'bilati, im^pan-;

l-bly

mprescriptible jimpri'skriptabi |-bly -bh

mpress

impolite jimpa'lait

imponderable

S -jtori

-;tari;

|-bly -bh
mpregnate adj im'prEgnit
mpregnate v im'pregnet |-d -id
mpregnation jimprEg'neJan

mpress w 'imprES

idli

ES+

-id

mpresario jimpri'sarijO

-d

impolitic ira'pala^tik;

mprecatory 'imprika^tori,

implicit im'pbsit

-'plaa(r; |-d

|-

mprecation ^impri'ke/an

implication jimpb'ke/an |-tive 'implijketiv

implore

ES

jimpa-

mpose im'poz

-pyta-

impervious im'pyvias;

-'paa-; \-d

jimpa-, im'paat/-; |-d -d

mportunity jimpa^'tjunati,

-pa'tyb-; |-bly -bli

imperturbation

-'paa-

-id

mportune

jtsb-, -p3jtyb-

imperturbable

impetuosity

ES

mportation jimpor'tejan, -par-;

E+-paa-

impertinence ira'pytnans;
|-s

impressive

217

ES -poat, E + -paat
ES -'poat, E + -'paat;

acc^ + 'import, esp. in contrast to

ful [tooth tue [further 'fytJa^;

mpressionism im'prejanjizam
mpressionistic

|-ist -ist

inijprE/an'istik

|-ally

-li,

-ikli

mpressive im'presiv

ES

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

[Eden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


imprest

218

inartistic

imprest adj, n 'imprest

means

imprest

its

im'prest j-prested -'prestid

'not,'

and

imprimatur jimpri'meta^; ES -'met3(r

imprimis im'praimis

main

imprint n 'imprint

even 'in'aektiv.

under emphasis

jin'aektiv, or

But

if the second part does

not show a clear meaning, being fused with

-d

|-ed

accent has a slight stress that could be

marked thus:

imprint v im'print |-ed -id

imprison im'prizn

the second part clearly has

separate meaning, the in- just before the

-'pnznig,

|-ing

the in- into

a sim-ple word, as insipid in-

'sipid, then the in- is quite stressless.

-znig

ES +

improbability jimpraba'bilati, im^pr-;

no

there are all grades between

-rob-

improbable im'prababi; ES+-'pn)b-;

|-bly

-bh

impromptu im'pramptu,

ES +

-tju;

-tiu,

it

stress

and full

m^rk

this accent,

often exists in speech.

The same

stress, it is

though

improbity im'probati, -'prabati; ES+-'pnjb-

not feasible to

statements apply to the variants

il-

and im-.

nabiHty jina'bdati

n absentia ^inab'sEnJia

-'promp-

improper im'prapa^;

ES

naccessibility jinak,s8sa'bilati, ^maek-

-'prap3(r, -'prnp-

In

impropriety jimpra'praiati, jimpa'praiati

jimpa'praiati

is

by

lost

dissimilation

naccessible ^inak'sEsabl, jinaek- |-bly -bh

naccuracy in'jekjarasi

[-rate

-nt

naction in'aek/an |-active -'jektrv

{121).

improvability iiiijpruva'bilati

nactivity ^inaek'tivati

improvable im'pruvabl

nadequacy in'aedakwasi |-quate -kwit

improve im'pruv
improvidence

|-bly

-bb

nadmissibility jinadjnusa'bilati

-d

|-d

im'pravadans;

ES+-'prDV-;

nadmissible jinad'nusabi |-bly -bh

nadvertence jinad'vytns;

|-nt -nt

improvisation

jimpravai'zefan,

-prava'ze-;

ES 4- -prov-

ES

-'vat-, -'vyt-;

|-cy -I |-ent -tnt

nadvisability jinad^vaiza'bdati

improvise 'imprajvaiz, jimpra'vaiz

|-s

-iz j-d

imprudence im'prudns, -'priud- |-dent -dnt

impudence 'impjadans, -pju- |-dent -dant

impugn im'pjun, -'piun

-3(r; |-able -abj |-bly

nadvisable jinad'vaizabl [-bly -bh

nalienability jineljana'bilati, injcljan-, -han-

-d |-visedly -'vaizidb

|-ed

-d

|-er -3';

ES

-bh

nalienable in'eljanabi, -'ehan- |-bly -bh

nalterable in'aharabi |-bly -bh

namorata injaema'rata, jinaemnane in'en

impugnable 'unconqueyable' im'pAgnabl

nanimate in'aBnamit

impuissance im'pjuisns, -'piu- j-sant -snt

nanity in'aenati [inanition jina'ni/an

impulse n 'impAls

nappeasable yina'pizabl

impulse v im'pAls

]-s

-iz

napplicability jinaephka'bilati, in^aep-

[-s -iz |-d -t

impulsion im'pAlJan j-sive -siv

napplicable in'aephkabl |-bly -bh

impunity im'pjunati, -'piun-

napposite in'aepazit

impure im'pjur, -'piur;

ES

nappreciable ;ina'pri/iabl |-bly -bh

-a(r; |-rity -ati

imputability inijpjuta'bilati, -^piut-, jimp-

nappreciative ^ina'pri/ijCtiv

imputable im'pjutabl, -'piut-

napproachabiHty ^ina/prot/a'bilati

|-bly -bli

imputation ^impju'te/an

napproachable ^ina'prot/abl

impute im'pjut,

nappropriate jina'propnit

-'piut |-d -id

napt

in adj, adv in
in prep stressed 'in, ^in; unstr. in,
'kAtn'tu),
article

occas.

nonsyllahic

n
n

(cut in

two

before the

a a (I'm in a hurry jaimna'hs'i,

minute bil'gona'minit)
In words like inactive, ivhere

He'll go in a
in- prefix.

Key:

Since

with different speakers and styles of speech

See in fidl 3-47.

|bath baeO;

-bh

in'aept

naptitude in'aeptajtjud, -;tiud, -^tud

narm m'arm; ES

-'a:m,

narticulate /inar'tikjaht;
nartistic ^inar'tistik;

in-

|-bly

l-al -! l-ally -li,

ES

E + -'a:m; |-ed -d
ES -a-, E + -a-a:'tis-, E-)--a:'tis-;

-ikh

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret [j'et jet [sang saerj |angr}- 'aeo'g"
baO (10) |ah a |far far |watch watj, wot/ (12) |jaw dja Igorge gard5 |go go

inasmuch

incompact

219

inasmuch jinaz'mAt/
inattention ^ma 'ten/an

inch intj [inches 'int/iz [inched int/t

Inchbald 'mt/bald

|-tive -tiv

inaudibility jinoda'bibti, inpd-

inchoate adj in'kcit

inaudible in'odabl |-bly -bli

inchoate v 'inko^et

inaugural in'agjaral, inbgaral

inchworm

inaugurate inbgja^ret, -'aga-

[-d -id

ES -^wam,

'intJ'jWS'ni;

-^ws^m

incidence 'insadans [-dent -dant

|-d -id

inauguration inpgja're/an, -pga-

incidental jinsa'dentl

inauspicious jina'spi/ss

incinerate in'smajret [-d -id |-tor -a^;

inboard

ES

-^bard;

'in^bord,

E+

-^boad,

|-Iy -i

incipience in'sipians [-cy

-i |-ent

ES

-a(r

-ant

incipit 'here begins' 'insipit

-^baad

ES

inborn m'barn;

-'baan; ('in^born

inbound 'in'baund ('in^bound

inbreathe in'bri'S

|-d

^ace)

incise in'saiz

[-s

-d

-iz |-d

incision in'sisan

'ship)

-d

incisive in'saisiv, -ziv

ES

inbred adj in'bred ('injbred 'tact)

incisor in'saiza^;

inbreed in'brid |-bred -'bred

incite m'sait |-d -id [-tation jinsai'te/an

-'saiza(r

Inca 'igka

incivility ^insa'vilati

incalculability jinkaelkjala'bilatr, in^kael-

inclemency in'kkmansi [-clement -'kkmant

incalculable in'ktelkjalabl |-bly -bh

incHnable in'klainabl

incandesce ^inkan'des, -kaen-

inclination ^inkla'nejan

|-s

incandescence ^inkan'desns )-cy

-iz |-d -t

-nt

-i |-nt

incline

'inklain, in'klain

incantation jinkaen'te/an

incline v in'klain |-d -d

incapabiHty /inkepa'bilati, in^kep-

incUnometer jnkli'namata';

incapacitate jinka'paesajtet ]-d -id |-ity

ES

m'karsa^ret;

incarcerate

inclose in'kloz

-ti

E+

-'ka:s-,

injkarsa're/an;

ES

-jka:s-.

incarnate

-'ka:-.

-net;

ES

-'ka:-.

E + -'ka:-

[-d-d

ES

-3a(r
[-d -id

inclusion in'klusan, -'kliu-

incog in'kag, -'kng

incoherence jinko'hirans |-cy

-i |-ent

-ant

incombustibility jinkanijbAsta'bilati

incarnate v in'kamet;

ES

E + -'ka:-;

-'ka:-,

l-d -id

incarnation,

-iz

incognito in'kagnijto, -'kng-

in'karnit,

adj

ES

-d

|-d

-'namataCr,

inclusive m'klusiv, -'khu-, -ziv

E+-ika:s-; ^inkincarnadine m'karnajdam, -dm;

E+-'ka:-;

|-s

inclosure in'klosa';.

include m'klud, -'kbud

-'ka:s-; |-d -id

incarceration

ES

-'nnm-

incapable in'kepabl |-bly -bli

I-

jinkar'ne/an;

ES

-ka:-.

E+-ka:-

incombustible jinkam'bAstabl [-bly -bh

income 'in^kAm, 'ig^kAm

incoming 'in^kAmig
incommensurability

incase in'kes [-cases -'kesiz |-cased -'kest

jinka^mEnJara'bilati,

-sara-

incendiary in'sendi^Eri |-arism -a^rizam

incommensurable
[-bly -bh

incense n 'insens \adj

incommensurate jinka'men/arit,

incaution in'kajan |-tious -/as

incense v in'sens

|-s

-t

incommode jinka'mod

-iz [-d -t

-sara-

(inka'ttienjarabl,

-sarit

[-d -id [-dious -las

incentive in'sentiv

incommodity jinka'madati; ES+-'niDd-

incept in'sept |-ed -id

incommunicability jinkajmjunika'bilati.

inception in'sEp/an |-tive -tiv

-jiniun-

inceration jinsa'Tc/an
incertitude

in'ss'tajtjud,

-jtiud,

-jtud;

ES

incommunicable
[-bly -bh

jinka'mjunikabl,

-'miun-

incessancy in'sEsnsi |-sant -snt

incommunicado ^inkajmjuni'kado, -^miunincommunicative /inka'injunajketiv, -'miun-

incest 'insest |-uous in'sEst/uas

incompact jnkam'paekt

-'s3t-, -'syt-

[full

ful [tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fstia

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

'em

ti.

'kipitt.

220

incomparability
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

incomparability jinkampara'bilati, -pr3-, in-

jkamincomparable m'kamparab), -praincompatible jinkam'paetabl |-bly

|-bly -bli

inconvertible ^inkanVytabl;
I-bly

|-tent

-i

-nt

-i |-nt

inconvincible jinkanVinsabI |-bly -bli

in-co-ordination jinkoprdn'ejan;

incompressible jinkam'prEsabl |-bly -bh

ES

ES -padn-

-'kaap-

incorporate adj in'karparit, -prit;

ES

ES

-'kaap-

-'koap-; |-d -id

|-rative -jtetiv

incorporation

incomputable jinkam'pjutabi, -'pmt-

ES

in^karpa 're/an;

-jkaap-;

jink-

inconceivability ^inkaiijsiva'bilati

incorporeal jinkar'porial, -'par-;

inconceivable jinkan'sivabl |-bly -bli

inconclusive ^inkan'klusiv, -'kliu-

'porial,

-kag-,

ES

jinka-

E + -'parial

incorporeity jinkarpa'riati;

-^faamati

ES

-kap-; in^k-

incorrect jinka'tekt ('incorrect 'answer)

incongruence in'kaggruans |-ent -ant

^inkag'gruati,

-badnit;

'e/an

incorporate v in'karpajtet;

|-bly -bli |-sive -siv

incongruity

ES

jinko'Drdnit;

incorporable in'karparabl;

in/kamincomprehensible jinkampri'hensabl, in^kam-

ES

ES -Vst-, -Vyt-;

|-nated -dn^etid

jinkamprijhensa'bilati,

inconformity jinkan'farmati;

-jVst-,

-bU

in-co-ordinate

incomplete ;inkam'plit I-pletion -^plijan

incompliance jinkam'plaians |-cy

and S

ES

inconvincibility ,inkan;\insa'bilati

-bli

|-cy

tant

incomprehensibility

o are often pronounced with d in

inconvertibility ^inkanjVS'-ta'bilati;
-jvyt-

incompatibility jinkaniipaeta'bilati

incompetence in'kampatans

inculcation

-n'gru-,

-'gnu-

incorrigibility ^inkandsa'bilati, m^kar-, -ar-,

-nr-

incongruous in'kaogruas

incorrigible in'karidsabl, -'kar-, -'kor- |-bly

-bh

inconsecutive jinkan'sskjativ

inconsequence in^kansa^kwEns |-quent -^kwent

incorrupt jinka'rApt |-ed -id

inconsequential /inkansa'kwEn/al

incorruptibility jinka^rApta'bilati

|-ly -i

inconsequentiality jinkansajkwEn/i'aelati, in-

incorruptible jinka'rAptabl |-bly -bli

incorruption jinka'rAp/an

jkaninconsiderable jinkan'sidarabl, -'sidra- |-bly

increase n 'inkris, 'igkincrease v in'kris

-bli

|-s

-iz

-iz |-d -t |-dly -idli

increasingly in'krisir)li

inconsiderate ^inkan'sidarit, -'sidrit

inconsideration jinkan,sida'reXan
inconsistence ^inkan'sistans |-cy

|-s

incredibility jinkreda'bilati, in^kreda-

-i |-nt

-nt

incredible in'kredabl |-bly -bh

inconsolability jinkanjsola'bilati

incredulity jinkra'dulati, -'diul-, -'djul-

inconsolable jinkan'solabl |-bly -bli

incredulous in'kredsalas

inconsonance in'kansanans |-nant -nant

increment 'inkramant, 'igk-

inconspicuous ^inkan'spikjuas

incriminate in'krimajnet

inconstancy in'kanstansi |-tant -tant

incrimination injkrima'ne/an, jinkrima-

incriminator in'krimajneta';

incontestable jinkan'testabl |-bly -bli

incontinence in'kantanans |-cy

-i |-nt

incontrollable jinkan'trolabl |-bly -bh

incontrovertability jinkantrajvyta'bilati,

jkan-;

ES

ES

m-

in^kan-;

-Vst-, -Vs't-; occi+in'contro avertible

-iz [-d -t [-nt

|-d -id

incubator 'inkjajbeta^, 'igk-;

ES

-ta(r

|-es -iz |-bi -jbai

inculcate in'kAlket, 'inkAl^ket |-d -id

inculcation jinkAl'ke/an

-nt

Key:

|-s

-jtori

incubation jinkja'bejan, jigk-

incubus 'inkjabas, 'igk-

I-bly -bli

inconvenience jinkanVinjans

incrustation jinkrAs'te/an

incubate 'inkjajbet, 'igk-

jinkantra'vytabl,

-jneta(r

-jtari;

incrust in'krAst |-ed -id

-jvat-, -jvyt-

incontrovertible

ES

incriminatory in'krimanajtori,

-nt

jinkra'mntl

|-al

|-d -id

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret Ij^et J2t [sang saeg Iangr>- 'aeg-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far Jwatch wat/, wotj" (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

indignity

221

inculpate
inculpate in'kAlpet, 'inkAljpet |-d -id

indemnify in'dEmna/fai

inculpation jinkAl'peJan

indemonstrable in'dEmanstrabj, ^indi'man-

inculpatory in'kAlp9jtori,

-ttsri;

strabl;

-^tori

ES+-'mDn-;

|-fied -jfaid |-ity -ti

|-bly

incult in'kAlt ('in^cult 'beard)

indene 'indin

incumbency in'kAmbansi |-bent -bant

incumber in'kAmba'; ES -'kAmbaCr; |-ed -d
|-ing -'kAmbrig, -bang
incumbrance in'kAmbrans |-s -iz
incunabula jnkju'naBbjala \sg -lum -lam

indent n in'dent, 'indent

incur in'ky;

ES

-'ksCr, -'ky; |-red

ES+-'ds-

|-s

ES

-'karans, -'kArans,

incursive in'kysiv;

ES

incurvate in'kyvet;

ES

-'ks-, -'k?-

indestructibility jindijStrAkta'bilati

indeterminate

ES

^indi'ts-manit;

-'tsm-,

-'tsm-,

ES

ES

-'ksv-, -'ka^v-

-'ksv-, -'kyv-; |-d -id

ES -ks'v-, -ks^VES -jksv, -jkyv

ES -'ksv, -'kyv; |-d -d

-'tym-;

|-cudes in'kjudiz, -'kiu-

The

historical pron. is

|-es -iz [indices 'indajsiz |-ed -t

|-n

-man |-men

-n |-man

-man
Indiana ;indi'aena

BBC indi'a:na is not Am.

Indianapolis jindian'asphs, -'aephs, -as

|-'s

-iz

Indianian jindi'aenian, -njan

aind, as in Chauc. and Shak.

indamin 'indamin |-mine

-'t3m-,

|-ist -ist

India 'india, 'indja

|-es -iz

ES

indeterminism jindi'tymanjizam;
index 'indeks

Ind 'India' ind, aind

ES -^tam-,

inde termination ^indijtyma'ne/an;

incurve n 'in^ks^v;

incus 'igkas

ES

indeterminable iindi'tyminabl;

incurvation jinks^Ve/an;

in'kyv;

|-cy -i |-nt -nt

-itym-

-'kss-, -'kys-

incurvate adj in'kyvit, -vet;

-'dent/a(r; |-d -d

independence ;indi'pndans

-'tym-

-iz

incursion in'kysan, -'ky/-;

incurve

ES

indenture in'dentja"-;

-'tym-; |-bly-bh

incurious in'kjurias, -'kiur-

-'kyans;

in'dent |-ed -id |-ation jinden'te/an

indestructible jindi'sttAktabl |-bly -bh

incurable in'kjurabl, -'kiur- |-bly -bh

incurrence in'kyans;

indention in'den/an

indescribable jindi'skraibabl |-bly -bh

-d

incurability ^inkjura'bilati, -kiur-, irijk-

incuriosity jinkjuri'asati, -kiur-;

indent

-bh

-mm

-jinin,

Indie 'indik
indie 'indik |indican 'indikan

indebt in'det |-ed -id |-edness -idnis

indecency in'disnsi |-cent -snt

indicant 'indikant

indecipherability .indijsaifra'bilati, -fara-

indicate 'inda^ket [-d -id |-tion ^inda'kejan

indecipherable jindi'saifrabl, -fara- [-bly -bli

indicative in'dikativ, -'dikitiv

indecision jindi'sisan |-cisive -'saisiv

indicator 'inda^keta^;

indeclinable jindi'klainabl |-bly -bh

indices pi of index 'inda^siz

indecorous

in'dekaras,

jindi'koras;

EN+

-jketa(r

|-er,

-or -a^;

ES

-a(r

indictable in'daitabl |-bly -bh

-'kar-

indecorum jindi'koram,

indict in'dait |-ed -id

ES

-'kar-;

S -'koram

indeed in'did, n'did, ew^//. + 'in'did ('jEsn-

indictee jindait'i
indiction in'dik/an

indictment in'daitmant

'did)

indefatigability jindi^faetiga'bilati

Indies 'indiz, 'indiz

indefatigable jindi'faetigabl |-bly -bh

indifference in'difrans, -'difarans ]-nt -nt

indefeasible ^indi'fizabl |-bly -bh

indigence 'indadsans |-gent -dsant

indefensible jindi'fensabi |-bly -bh

indigene 'inda^dsin

indefinable jindi'fainabl |-bly -bh

indigenous in'didsanas

indefinite in'dEfanit

indigestibility jindajdsesta'bilati

indehiscence jindi'hisns -scent -snt

indigestible jinda'dsestabl |-bly

indelibility iindela^bilati, inydel-

indigestion jinda'dsestjan

indelible ni'delab! |-bly

-bh

-bh

indign in'dain

indelicate in'dElakat, -kit |-cacy -kasi

indignant in'dignant |-gnation jindig'nejan

indemnification nijdemnafa'ke/an

indignity in'dignati

|full

ful [tooth tuO [further 'fy'Sa^;

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


indigo

222

inebriacy
Indo-Germanic (indodsa^^'maemk, -ds^-; ES
-dsa-, -dss-, -dsy-

indigo 'indijgo |-digoid -di^gaid

indigotin in'digatin, ^indi'gotin

Indio 'indijO

indol 'indol, -dal, -dol |-dole -dol

indirect jinda'rekt |-rection

-Vek/an

indolence 'indalans |-lent -bnt

ES

indiscernible yindi'zynabl, -'syn-;

-an-.

-yn-; |-bly -bh

indomitable in'damatsbl; ES-h-'dnm-; |-bly

-bh

indiscriminate ^indi'skrimanit

Indonesian ^indo'niXan, -33n

indoor 'in^dor, -/dar; ES -jdo3(r,

indiscrimination jindijskrima'ne/an

indoors n in'dorz, -'darz;

indiscreet jindi'skrit |-scretion -'skreXan

indispensability jindiyspensa'bibti

indispensable jindi'sp8ns3bl
indispose jindi'spoz

|-s

|-ljly

-iz |-d

indoors

-bli

indoors

^indijSpjuta'bibti,

-^spiut-.

-bh

Usage appears

to

he

'bibti;

jindijsalja'bilati,

in^dislju-

ES + -jSd1-

-jdarz;

ES

-^doazj

adv

'in'dorz,

-'darz;

ES

-'doaz.

E + -'d33Z
indorse in'dars;

ES

-'daas;

-iz |-d -t

|-s

indoxyl in'daksil; ES-f-'dokindraft, -draught 'm^draeft; E+-jdraft, -^draft

indrawn 'in'dran ('in;drawn 'breath)

ES +

indissoluble jindi'saljabl, in'disljubl;

-'sdI-; |-bly

'in^dorz,

Indra 'indra

sensibly foUoidng the analogy 0/ dispute.

indissolubility

adj

indophenol jindo'finol, -nal, -nol

m^dispjuta'bilati

|-bly

indubitable in'djubitabl, -'diu-, -'du- |-bly

-bh

-bb

induce in'djus, -'dius, -'dus

indistinct jindi'stiijkt

indistinguishability jindijstiijgwija'bilati

|-cible

-iz

|-s

induct in'dAkt |-ed -id |-ance -ans

indite in'dait |-d -id

inductile in'dAktl,

indium 'indiam

inductihty jindAk'tibti

individual jinda'vidsual, -dgul

1-ism

|-ly -i

|-ally -Ii,

-til

induction in'dAk/an |-tive -trv

jinda^vidsual'istik,

-d3ul-

inductor in'dAkta^;

ES

-'dAktaCr

indue in'dju, -'dm, -'du

-ikh

individuality jindajvidsu'aelati

indulge in'dAlds

individualization jmdajvidsuala'zejan, -d5ul-,

indulgence in'dAldgans

|-s

|-d

-d

-iz |-d -d
|-s

-iz |-d -t |-nt -nt

indulin 'indjuhn |-line -Jin, -hn

-ai'z-

individualize jindaVidsual^aiz, -dsul-

|-s

-iz

indurate adj 'indjurit, -durit

indurate v 'indjujret, -du^ret

l-d-d
indivisibility jindajViza'bibti

induration ^indju're/an, -du-

-bh
Indo-Aryan 'indo'Erian, -W-, -W-, -rjan;

industrial in'dAstrial |-ly

indivisible jinda'vizabl |-bly

Indus 'indas

|-'s

|-d -id

-iz
-i

j-ism

-jzam

j-ist

-ISt

-'aer-, -'er-, -'ar-

Indo-British 'indo'briti/

industrialization injdAstriala'ze/an, -ai'z-

Indo-Chinese

industrialize in'dAstrialjaiz

'indotJ"ai'niz

indocile in'dasl, -sil;

ES+-'dDS-

industry 'indastri, 'in^dAstri

ES-h-Mok-;

|-d

ES +

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

[far

"~

ES

-jdwelaCr

indwelling n 'in,dwEhg

inearth in'yO;

-D-

Indo-European ^inda jura'pisn* jindoin full 3-47.

-d

indwell in'dwel [-dwelt -'dwelt

indweller 'in^dwela^;

-id

indoctrination in^daktri'iiejan, jindak-;

|bath baeG;

-iz |-d

|-s

industrious in'dAstnas

indocility jindo'sibti

indoctrinate in'daktrinjet;

Key: See

-t

inductivity jindAk'trvati

|-ist -ist

individualistic

|-d

-abl |-dly -idh

indistinguishable jindi'stiggwijabl 1-bly -bh

-jizam

E-i-

E + -jdD3Z

-d

indisputable jindi'spjutabl, -'spiut-, in'dis-

pjutabl

E + -jd33(r
-'doaz,

-'dD3Z

indisposition ^indispa'zi/an
indisputability

ES

ES

-'36, -'yO; |-ed -t

inebriacy in'ibrissi |-briant -briant

'piti

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr}- 'asg-gri

far |watch wat/, wotj" (12) |jaw dsa |gorge g3rd5 |go go


223

inebriate

infinitive

inebriate adj in'ibnit

inexpiable in'Ekspiabl |-bly -bli

inebriate n in'ibriit, -ifii

inexplainable jinik'splenabj

inebriate v in'ibriiet |-d -id

inexplicability injEkspIika'bilati, jinsks-

inebriation mjibri'e/an

inexplicable

in'sksplikobj

|-bly

-bli

Brii

occasional ^inik'splikabj seems to he gaining

inebriety ^ini'braiati

groiond here.

inedibility jineda'bilati, injcda-

inedible lo'edabl

inexpressible ^inik'sprEsabl |-bly -bli

inedited in'editid

inexpressive jinik'sprESiv

ineducability jinedsaka'bilati, -dsu-

inexpugnable jnik'spAgnabl [-bly

ineducable in'edsakabl, -A^v-

in extenso ^inik'stEnso

ineffability jiiiEfa'bibti, in^efa-

inextinguishable ^imk'stiggwijabl |-bly -bli

-bli

ineffable in'efabl |-bly -bli

in extremis ^imk'striniis

ineffaceable jina'fesabj |-bly -bli

inextricable in'Ekstrikabl |-bly -bh

ineffective jina'fsktiv

infallibility jinfaela'bilati, in^faela-

ineffectual jina'fekt/ual, -t/ul |-ly -i

infallible in'faelabl |-bly -bli

ineffectuality jinajfEkt/u'aebti

infamous 'infamas infamy

inefficacious jinEfa'ke/as |-cacy in'efakasi

infancy 'infansi |-fant -fant

inefficience jina'fi/ons |-cy -i |-nt -nt

infanta in'faenta infante in'faente

inelastic jini'laestik

infanticide in'faenta^said
infantile 'infan^tail, -tal, -til

inelasticity jinilaes'tisati

inelegance in'sbgans

|-s

'iiifami

infantine 'infan^tain, -tm

-iz |-cy -i |-nt -nt

-man ]-men -man

ineligibility jinekdsa'bibti, in^Elidsa-

infantry 'infantri |-man

ineMgible in'shdjabl |-bly -bli

infatuate in'faet/ujet |-d -id

ineluctable jini'lAktabl |-bly -bli

infatuation in^fastju'e/an

inept in'Ept

infeasible in'fizabi

ineptitude in'Eptajtjud, -jtiud, -^tud

infect in'fEkt |-ed -id

infection in'fEkJan |-tious -/as |-tive -tiv

inequality jini'kwabti, -'kwolinequitable in'skwitabl |-bly -bli |-ty

infelicitous jinfa'lisatas |-ty -ti

-ti

ineradicable jim'raedikabl |-bly -bli

infelt 'in^fElt

inerrancy in'sransi |-rant -rant

infer

inert in'yt;

ES

inertia in'^/a;

mfe; ES

-'f3(r, -'fy; |-red

-d

in'at, -'yt

inferable in'fyabl, 'infarabi; ES+-'f3rabl

ES

inference 'infarans

-'a/a, -'y/a

|-s

-iz

inescapable iina'skepabl |-bly -bli

inferential jinfa'rEn/al |-ly

in esse ih'esi

inferior in'firia';

inessential jina'snj"al

inferiority injfin'arati, -'ar-, -'nr-, jnfir-

inestimable in'sstamabl |-bly -bli

ES

-i

-'firi'a(r

ES -'fsnl, -'fynl; [-ly -i

ES -'fane, -'fyno
inferrible m'fyabl; ES + -'f3rabl
infertile in'fytl, -til; ES -'fs-, -'fy-; l-ly -i
infertility jnfa^'tilati; ES jinfainfernal in'fynl;

inferno, I- in'fyno;

inevitability ^inEvata'bilati, idjEv-

inevi table in'svatabl |-bly -bli

inexact jinig'zaekt
inexactitude jinig^zaekta^tjud, -^tiud, -^tud

inexcusable jinik'skjuzabl, -'skiuz- |-bly -bli

infest in'fEst |-ed -id |-ation jinfEs'te/an

inexhaustibility ^inigjzasta'bilati

infidel 'infadi |-delity ^infa'dElati

inexhaustible jinig'zastabj |-bly -bli

infield 'in^fild

inexorable m'Eksarabl |-bly -bh

infiltrate in'filtret |-d -id

inexpedience jinik'spidians |-cy

-i |-nt

-nt

inexpensive jimk'spEnsiv
inexperience jnik'spirians [-d
inexpert jnik'spyt;

ES

infinite, I- 'infanit,

-'spst, -'spyt; ('inex-

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

worship occas. -^nait

infinitesimal jinfina'tEsaml |-ly -i

-t

jpert 'help)
|full

infiltration jinfil'tre/an

infinitival jnfina'taivl, in^fina- |-ly -i

infinitive in'finativ

ES

'fstJa

[using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij [vision

|custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau |toy

Vi5an |Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

infinitude in'finajtjud, -jtiud, -^tud

infusoria,
-'soria;

infinity in'finati

infirm in'fym;

ES

-'fsm, -'fym; |-ary -an,

-n

inflame in'flem

|-d

-d |-dly -idli

inflammable in'flaemabl |-bly

-bli

inflammation jinfb'mejon

inflammatory in'flaemajtori,

-jtori;

-^tori

'draegig.

The pronunciation

or

-with -in,

ivith

'getn) is occasionally heard in

tJie

parts of the

US

b" C.

It is

more frequent in

is not infreqii-ently

and

all

In

informal

the S, "where

heard also on formal

this vocabulary only -ig is

this is usually omitted if the pro-

nunciation can be inferred by adding the

in'fkkt |-ed -id

sounds -ig directly

|-al -j |-ally -li

head pronunciation.

to the

Ingaevones ^indsiVoniz

inflexibility injfkksa'bibti, jinfkksa-

ingather m'gieSa';

in'fkksabl |-bly -bh

inflexion in'fkkjan

ES

-'gaeSaCr; |-ed -d ]-ing

-'gaeSrig, -'gaeSarig

ingathering n 'in^gaetJrig, -jgaeSang

in'fhkt |-ed -id |-ction -kjan

inflorescence jinflo'resns, -fb-; S -flo-;

J-s

-iz

|-cent -snt

Inge Dean of St. FauFs ig

Ingelow 'indsajo

ingeminate in'dsEmajnet

'iiijflo

influence 'influans, -fliuans

|-s

-iz |-d -t

|-d -id

ingenerate adj in'dsenarit

influential jinflu'En/al, -fliu- j-ly -i

ingenerate v in'dsEnajret

influenza jinflu'enza, -fliu-

ingenious in'dsinjas

influx 'in^fUks |-es -iz

ingenue Fr ieje'ny

infold in'fold |-ed -id

ingenuity ^indsa'nuati, -'nni-, -'nju-

inform in^form;

ES

informal m'farmj;

-'foam; |-ed -d |-edly -idh

ES

-'faamj;

informality jinfor'tnaelati;

informant in'fDrmant;

ES

ES

information jinfa-'mejan;
informative in'farmativ;

[-d -id

ingenuous in'dsenjuas
Ingersoll 'igga-sal, -jsal, -jSdI, -^sal;

|-!y -i

-fD^maslati

ES

'igga-

ingest in'dsEst \-ed -id j-gestion -'dsEstJon

Ingham 'igam

-'faamant

ES jinfaES -'foamativ

ingle 'iggl |-nook -^nuk

inglobe in'glob |-d -d

inglorious in 'glorias, -'gbr-; S -'glor-

infra 'infra

ingoing 'in^goig

infract in'fraekt |-ed -id

infra dig short for infra dignitatem

'infra-

'dig(ni'tetm)

Ingold 'ingold, 'iggold

Ingoldsby 'iggjzbi, 'iggaldzbi

infrangible in'fraendsabl |-bly -bli

ingot 'iggat -ed -id

infrared jinfra'red

ingraft in'grasft;

infrequence in'frikwans |-cy

infringe in'f rinds

|-s

-i |-nt

-nt

E + -'graft, -'graft;
Ingraham 'iggriam, 'iggraham

|-la -la

infuriate c^f/m'fj unit, -'fiur-

ingrain adj, v in'gren ]-ed -d ('in^grain 'rug)

ingrained adj in'grend |-nedly -nidli, -ndli

infuriate v in'fjurijet, -'fiur- |-d -id

Ingram 'iggram

infuse in'fjuz, -'fiuz

ingrate n 'ingret

|-s

-iz |-d

|-ed -id

ingrain n 'in^gren

-iz |-d -d

infundibulum jinfAn'dibjabm

-d |-dly -idli

infusible in^fjuzabj, -'fiuz-

ingratiate in'gre/ijct [-d -id

infusion in'fjusan, -'fiujan

ingratiatory in'grefiajtori, -jtari; S -jtori

infusive in'fjusiv, -'fius-

ingratitude in'graBta,tjud, -jtiud, -jtud

Key:

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

-an

-n (getting

speech of the cultivated in

given,

inflow n

making

dragging

'draegg.

occasions.

inflict

or g sound, as

'mekg,

inflation in'fle/an |-ary -jgri |-ism -^izam ]-ist

inflexible

Syllabic -g frequeiitly

'mekig,

it

in'fkk/an

-ing ending of pres ptc b' verbal n, pronounced

inflate in'flet |-d -id

-ISt

-'soria;

-fiu-,

-n

(running 'rAnin, 'rAnan) or

inflammability in/flaema'bilati, jinflaems-

inflection

-1 |-n

replaces -ig after a

'in^fiks |-es -iz

infix V in'fiks |-es -iz |-ed -t

inflect

jinfju'soria,

I|-1

-ig, -g, -in, -an, n.

|-ity -3ti

infix

ingratitude

224

infinitude

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr}' 'seg-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far [watch watj", wotj (12) |jaw dsa Igorge gards |go go

ingredient
ingredient in'gridiant

ingress

Innsbruck

225
inion 'inian

iniquitous I'nikwatas |-ty

'ingrts |-es -iz

I'm/al

ingress v in'grES |-es -iz |-ed -t

initial

ingression in'greXan |-sive -'grsiv

initiate n, adj I'ni/iit, -^et

ingrow 'in^gro |-grew -igru, -jgriu |-grown

-igron

-ti

|-ly -i

initiate v I'm/iiCt |-d -id

initiation ijiu/i'efan

ingrown adj 'm'gron ('in^grown 'habit)

initiative i'ni/i,etiv, I'ni/iativ

ingrowth

initiatory I'ni/iajtori, -jtori; S -jtori

'iiijgroB |-ths -0s

inject in'dsekt |-ed -id j-ction -kjan

inguinal 'iggwinl
ingulf in'gAlf |-ed -t

ES

injector in'dsekta^;

ES -'gsds-, -'gyds-

ingurgitate m'gs'dsajtet;

-'dsektaCr

injudicious ^indsu'diXas, -dsiu-

injunction in'dsAgkJan [tive -tiv

Id -id

inhabit in'haebit |-ed -id

inhabitability
inhabitability

'

injure 'indsa^;
injhaebita'bilati

habitabiliiy'

'nonhabitability'

^inliaebita-

inhabitable 'habitable' in'hiebitabl

-d53(r; |-d -d |-ry

injustice in'dsAstis

ink

'bibti

ES

-iz

|-s

iflk |-ed -t |-horn -jhorn;

ES

inkstand 'iflkjstaend

inhabitancy in'haebatansi |-tant -tant

inkwell 'igk^wel

inhabitation in^haeba'tejan

inland adj 'inland

inhalant in'hebnt

inland n, adv 'injaend, 'inland

inhale in'hel |-d -d |-lation jinha'Ie/an

-'mon-,

ES

jinhar'manik;

inlander 'inlanda^;

-ha:'manik.

E+ -barES

-ha'mon-.

E + -haES

S + -'he3(r;

-'hi3(r,

inherence in'hirans |-cy

-i |-nt

|-d

-d

-nt

inheritable in'heratabl |-bly -bb

inheritance m'heratans

ES

-da(r

v in'la |-ed in'lad

inlet

'in^kt, v in'let

inly 'ink

inhere in'hir;

-tris

inlaw n 'inja,

inlay n \n\e, v in'le |-laid in'led

inharmonious jnharWonias;

inheritor

-jhaan

inkling 'igklig

inhabitable 'not habitable' 'in'haEbitabl

inharmonic

in'berata';

|-s

ES

inmate 'inmet
in

medias res in

in

memoriam jinma'morijaem, -'man-,

'inidi,aes 'riz

-'hr3t3(r;

|-tress

inmost 'in^most, -mast

inn in |inned ind

-tress's -trisiz

innate I'net, in'net ('in^nate 'poise)

inhibit in'hibit [-ed -id

inner

inhibition jini'bijan, jinhi-

innervate I'nyvet, 'ina^jvet;

inhibitive in'hibitiv

'ina^;

ES

'ina(r; |-most -^most,

-mast

ES I'nsv-, I'nyv-,

'ina-; |-d -id

inhibitory in'hibajtori, -jtari; S -^tori

inhospitable m'haspitabl;

-bh

innerve

I'ns'v,

in'nyv;

inhospitality ^inhaspa'taelati; ES-i- -bos-

Innes, Inness 'inis

innholder 'in^holda^;

inhumanity jinhjuWaenati, -hiu-, -ju'maen-

innkeeper 'in^kipa';

inhumation jinbju'mejan, -hiu-

innocence 'inasns |-cy

|-d

[-tionist -ist

inning

-iz

|-'s

ES

-jholda(r

'inii)

ES

innocuous I'nakjuas;

-d

-jkipa(r
-i

|-cent -snt

ES + -'nnk-

innominate adj I'namanit, in'n-;

Inigo 'inijgo
-i,

innovate 'inajvet

-ikb

ES + -'nDm-

|-d -id |-tion jina'vejan

ES + -'nDk-

inimitability jinimitD'bilati

innoxious I'nakjas, in'n-;

inimitable in'imatabl |-bly -bh

Innsbruck 'inzbruk (Ger 'insbruk)

ful |tooth tuG Ifurther 'fySa^;

-'nyv;

1-d-d

inhuman inTijuman, -'hiuman, -'juman

inhumane jinbju'men, -biuWen, -juWen

inhume m'bjum, -'hium

ES jinaES -'nav,

innervation jina^'vejan;

ES + -'hDS-; much

less freq. jinhos'pitable |-bly

inimical in'imikl |-ly

-jon.

S -'mori-

-iz

inheritrix in'heratriks [-es -iz

|full

-i

injurious in'dsurias, -'dsiu-

ES

'fstJa

|custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau |toy

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij [vision 'visan |Eden 'idn |cradle 'kredl |keep

tai

'em 'kipm

innuendo

insincerity

226
insanity in'saenati

innuendo ^inju'Endo
innumerable

m'n-,

I'njumarabl,

-'mum-,

-'num- |-bly -bh

innumerous m'njumaras, -'mum-, -'numinnutrition jinju'tri/an, ^mnju-, -mu-, -nu-

insatiability injse/ia'bilati, -^seja-, /insej-

insatiable in'sefiabl, -'seja- |-bly -bli

insatiate in'sejiit |-ated -^etid

inscribe in'skraib |-d -d

inscription in'sknpjan

|-tious -/as

inobservance jinab'zyvans;

ES -'z3V-, -'zyv-;

inscroll

m'skrol

|-ed -d

inscrutability iiijskruta'b^ati, -^sknut-, ^in-

|-nt -nt

ES + -'iokES + -'Dk-; |-d

skr-

inoculable in'akjalabl;
inoculate in'akjajlet;

inscru table in'sknitabl, -'skmit- |-bly -bb

-id

ES

inoculation injakja'leXan; ES+-jt)k-

insculp in'skAlp |-ed

inodorous in'odaras

insect 'insekt

inoffensive jina'fEnsiv

insectarium ^insEk'tEnam, -'ter-

inofEcious jina'fi/as

insectary 'insEk^tEn

inoperable in'aparabl; ES+-'Dp-

insecticide in'sektajsaid |-dal -jsekta'saidl

inoperative in'apajretiv, -'aparativ, -'aprativ;

insectival jinsEk'taivl, in'sektavl

ES+-'Dp-

insectivore in'sEktajVor,

inopportune ^inapa^'tjun, in^ap-, -'tiun, -'tun;

ES+-DP-,

ES

-^var;

-^voaCr,

E+-jV33(r

ES -'aadnit
jinar'gaenik; ES -aa'gaen-;

insecure jinsi'kjur, -'kiur;

j-al

-j

inseminate in'sE magnet

-ally -h, -ikh

ES

-a(r

insecurity jinsi'kjurati, -'kiurati

|-d -id

inosculate in'askjajlet; ES+-'ds-; \-d -id

insemination nijSEma'neJan, jinsEma-

inositol I'nosijtol

insensate m'senset, -sit

inpatient 'injpejant

insensibility jinssnsa'bilati, in^SEnsa-

inphase adj

insensible in'sEusabj |-bly -bli

'in^fez

-ipur;

ES

-,po3{t,

inpour v in'por, -'por-, -'pur;

ES

-'po3(r,

inpour n
-;pu3(r,

-'pu3(r,

'iii/por,

-tja(r

insectivorous jinsEk'tivaras, -'trvras

-jop-

inordinate in'ordnit;
inorganic

-t |-ture -t/a--;

-jpar,

E + -;pD3(r
E + -'p33(r;

insensitive in'sensativ
insensitivity jinsEusa'tivati, nijSEnsa-

|-ed -d

insentient in'sEnJiant, -Jant

inseparability

input 'in^put

jinsEpara'bilati,

in^SEpara-,

-pra-

inquest 'inkwEst

inseparable in'sEparabj, -pra- |-bly -bli

inquiet in'kwaiat

insert n 'insyt;

inquietude in'kwaiajtjud, -jtiud, -jtud

insert v in'syt;

|-ed -id

insertion

-'syjan

inquire in'kwair;

ES

-'kwai3(r; |-d -d

inquiry m'kwairi, 'inkwari

inset n 'in^sEt, v in'set

inquisition jnkwa'zi/on

insheathe

inquisitive in'kwizativ |-tor -t^;

ES

-t3(r

inquisitorial iiijkwiza 'tonal, jinkwiza-, -'tor-;

ES -sst, -syt
ES -'sst, -'s^t;
in'saj'an; ES -'ss/an,
in'/itS \-d

-d

inshore adj \nJot, -/Jar;

inside adv 'in'said ('in^side

inroad 'in^rod

inside prep in'said

inrush n 'in^rAX
inrush v in'rAj

insider in'saida^;

1-es -iz

E+

insalubrious

jinsa'lubrias,

-brati

ES

&

'out^side)

-'saida(r

insidious in'sidias

|-es -iz |-ed -t

insalivate in'saelajvet |-d -id

insight 'lUjsait

-'hub-

]-brity

insignia in'signia
insignificance jinsig'mfakans j-cant -kant

ES

insane in'sen ('iujsane 'root)

insincere jinsin'sir;

insanitary in'saenajteri

insincerity ,insin'srati

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

-j/oa(r,

inside n, adj 'in'said ('in^side 'door)

-'tor-

in re in'ri

Key:

ES

-yJaaCr; adv 'in'shore

-'si3(r, S-i--'sEa(r

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet JEt |sang saerj langrj- 'aeg-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far |\vatch watj, wotj" (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go


insurgence

227

insinuate

The

instead in'sted

insinuate in'sinjujct |-d -id

insinuation injSinju'e/an

is

historical doublet in^stid

frequently heard.

insipid in'sipid |-ity ^insiVdati

instep 'injstep

insipience m'sipians |-ent -ant

instigate ^instajget |-d -id |-tor -a^;

insist in'sist |-ed -id

instigation /insta'gejan

insistence m'sistans |-cy

-i |-ent

instill, -il in'stil |-ed, -led

-ant

in'sner,

-a(r

-d

instillation jinsti'Ie/an

in situ in'saitju, -tiu-, -tu

insnare

ES

-'snaer;

-'sn3(r,

ES

instinct

'instigkt

instinct adj in'stigkt |-ive -iv

-'snaE3(r; |-d -d

insobriety jinsa'braiati, ^inso-

institute 'insta/tjut, -jtiut-, -^tut |-d -id

insociability jinso/a'bilati, in^so/a-

institution

insociable in'so/abj |-bly -bh

institutionalize

insolate 'insojiet |-d -id

-^tiu-,

-'tu-

jmsta'tju/anj^aiz,

-Jnal-

-iz j-cy -i |-nt -nt

|-s

insolubility jinsalja^bibti;

ES+-sdI-

ES + -'sd1-;

insoluble in'saljabj;

instruct in'strAkt |-ed -id 1-ction -k/an |-ive

-IV |-or -3^;

]-bly -bli

ES

-a(r

instrument 'instramant

insolvable in'salvabl, -'solv- |-bly -bli

instrumental /instra'mentl

insolvency in'salvansi, -'sdIv- |-vent -vant

instrumentality /instramen'taelati

ES + -'si3m-

insomnia in'samms;

|-ist -ist 1-ly -i

instrumentation /instramen'tejan

ES -^baadES -^baad-

insomuch jinsa'mAt/, -so-

insubordinate jinsa'bardnit; -dnit;

insouciance in'susians {Fr ^esu'sja-.s)

insubordination jinsa/bardn'e/an;

insouciant in'susiant {Fr ^su'sja)

insubstantial jinsab'stjenjal

inspan in'spsen j-ned -d

insubstantiality /insabjstaenXi'aelati
insufferable m'sAfrabl, -fara- j-bly -bh

inspect in'spekt |-ed -id J-ction -kjan

ES

inspector m'spekta^;

ES

-'spektaCr; ]-ate -it

-'sfi3(r,

S+-'sfE3(r

-i

|-ent -ant

insufflation jinsa'fle/an

inspiration jinspa'rejan

-'spai3(r;

|-d

ES

insular 'insala^, 'insju-;

|-al -1 |-ally -li

inspiratory in'spaira^tori, -jtari; S -/ton

ES

insufficience /insa'fi/ans |-cy

insufflate in'sAflet, 'insa/flet |-d -id

inspirable in'spairabi

inspire in'spair;

|-s

institutive 'msta^tjutiv, -/tiu-, -^tu-

insole 'injsol |-d -d

insphere lu'sfir;

|-ary

-IZ |-d -d

insolation jinso'le/an

insolence 'msalans

jinsta'tju/an,

-fin

-d j-dly

-idh

-Ia(r

insularity jnsa'lasrati, /insju-

insulate 'insajlet, 'insju- |-tor

-9-',

ES

-a(r

insulation jinsa'lejan, -sju-

inspirit in'spint j-ed -id

insulin 'insalin, -sju-

inspissate in'spiset j-d -id

insulize 'msa^laiz, -sju-

instability jinsta'bilati

insult

install in'stal |-ed -d

insuperability in^supara^bilati, -^siu-, -iSJu-,

installation imsta'lejan

|-s -iz |-d -t

ES

instar
instar

^instar;

ES

in'star;

j-stant -stant

-'poat-,

E+-sta:(r

-'sta:(r,

l-red -d

quo in'stetju'kwo,

]-bly

-'part-;

ES

-bh

insurable in'/urabl |-ability inj/ura'bilati

insurance m'/urans

|-s

-iz

ES -'j"ua(r; |-d -d
insurer in'/ura^; ES -ra(r
insurgence in'sydsans; ES -'ssds-,
insure in'/ur;

-^staetju-

instaurate in'staret |-d -id

instauratlon /instaVe/an
|full

jinsa'portabi,

E+-V33t-;

insuppressible jinsa'prEsabl |-bly -bh

E+-'sta:(r;

instate in'stet |-d -id

in statu

-bh
insupportable

-'staenta(r

-sta:(r,

ES

-iz |-d -d

insuperable in'suparabl, -'siu-, -^sju- |-bly

instantaneous jinstan^enias
instanter m'stasnta^;

|-s

'insAlt, v in'sAlt |-ed in'sAltid

^ins-

installment, -stalm- in'stolmant

instance 'instans

ful Itooth tue Ifurther 'fytJa^;

-'s3'd3-;

|-cy -I |-ent -ant

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam |while hwail [how

[using 'juzirj |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish di/ [vision

Visan |Eden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

|toy tai

'em 'kipm

228

insurmountabie
insurmountable
l-bly

jinsa^'mauntabl;

ES

-sa-;

interest

ES -'tsk-, -'ts'kES -'tsk-, -'tyk-;

intercalary in'tyka^lEri;
intercalate in'tyka^let;

-bh

insurrection jinsaVek/an |-ary -^en

insusceptibility jins3jSpt3'bibti

intercalation in^tyka^lejan;

insusceptible jinsa'septabl l-bly -bli

intercede ^mta^'sid;

inswathe m'swetJ

|-d

-d

ES

intact in'taekt

intercept v

j-ption -p/an

intaglio m'taeljo, -'taljo {It inHaXito)

ES ^intaES ^rntan 'inta^yt/ends; ES 'inta-; j-s -iz

v jinta^'t/ends; ES ^mta-; |-s -iz

intake 'in^tek

intercession jinta^'se/an;

intangible in'tiendsabl l-bly -bk

intercessory ^inta^'sEsan;

ES

interchange

-d33(r
-i 1-grable

interchange

-gr9bl

I-d-d

integrality ^inta'graelati

interchangeability

integrant 'intagrant -grand -^graend

|

integrate 'intajgret 1-grated -^gretid

-jgreta(r

l-bly

v in'tEgjajiriEnt |-ed -id

ES

'mta-, E-i--'klas,

intercollegiate jintyka'lidsiit, -dsit;

intercolonial ^inta^ka'lonial;

intellect 'mtl.ekt

^intrekt/ual, -tjul 1-ly

|-ism

-i

ES

-jiniun-;

intellectuality jintl/ektXu'aelati
intellectualize jintl'ektjualjaiz, -tjul-

|-s

-iz

ES

jnta'kajinjuna^ej'an.

^inta-

jinta-

interconnect jint3<^ka'nkt;

-iz j-d -t

ES

jinta-; |-ed -id

intelligent in'tlad3ant

interconnection yinta^ka'nEk/an;

intelligential injtela'dsen/al

intercostal

intelligentsia in^tEla'dsEntsia, -'gEntsia

jinta^'kastl,

ES

-'kos-,

jinta-

intercourse 'mta'jkors, -jkars;

ES

'intajkoas,

E + -jkaas

intelligible in'tElidsabl |-bly -bli

intemperance in'tEmparans, -prans

intercurrent

intemperate inHEmpant, -pnt

^inta^'kyant;

ES

jinta'ksr-.

-'kAr-, -'ky-

intend in'tEnd j-ed -id 1-ance -ans |-ant -ant

intense in'tEns j-sity -ati 1-sive -iv

interdenominational
-/nal;

ES

interdental jinta^'dEntl;

intensify in'tEnsajfai |-iied -jfaid

interdepartmental

intension in'tEn/an

part-;

intent in'tEnt

ES

jinta^dijnama'nej'anl.

iintadi^nama-, -jnoma-

intensification iiijtEnsafa'kcJan

ES

^inta-; 1-ly -i

jinta-dijpart'mEntl,

^mtadi^pait-, -jdipa:t-,

|-al

-1,

-Jnal j-ally

-li,

-/nail

interdependence jinta^di'pendans;

ES

^inta-;

|-ent -ant

ES

-'t3(r, -'ty; |-red

inter- prefix 'inta^-;

ES

ES jnta-; |-ed
ES ^inta-; j-bred

ES 'intaES ^inta-; 1-ed

jinta^'dik/an; ES ^inta-

interdict n 'inta^^dikt;

-d

interdict v jinta^'dikt;

'inta(r-

interact jinta^'aekt j-ed -id -ion -k/an |-ive -iv

interdiction

interblend jinta-'blEnd;

-id

interest n 'intarist, 'intrist

interbreed iinta^'brid;

-'brsd

interest v 'intarist, 'intrist, 'inta;rEst

See hi full 3-47.

|bath baee;

-,di-

E + -;pa:t-,

-pa:t-; |-ly -i

intention in'tEn/an

Key:

ES

-'kas-;

iinta-; |-ly -i

intelligibility injtElidsa'bilati

inter in'ty;

^mta-

intercommunion ^inta'ka'mjunjan, -'miun-;

ES

I-d-d
|-s

ES

;inta-; 1-ly -i

jinta-; |-d -id

intercommunication

j-ist -ist

intelligence in'teladsans

ES

intercommunicate jinta^ka'mjunajket, -'miiin-;

intellection jintrek/an I-tive -tiv

-jizam

'inta-^klaes

-'klas; ('inter^class 'game)

integument n in'tEgjamant

intellectual

^inta-;

-bh

interclass

integrity in'tegrati

integument

ES

interchangeable ^mta^'t/endsabl;

ES

ES

^inta'jtj'endsa'bilati;

jinta-

integration jinta'grejan
integrator 'intaigreta^;

-^tsk-, -jt^rk-

ES ^inta'sEljalaCr
ES 'inta^mta-'sEpt; ES jinta-; |-ed -id

intercept n 'inta^jSEpt;

integer 'intadsa^;

ES

/inta-; [-d -id

intercellular ^inta^'sEljala--;

inswept 'in^swEpt

integral 'intagral 1-ly

j-d

-id |-tive -IV

-id

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret lyet JEt Isang saeg |angr\- 'aef-gri
baG (10) |ah a |far far |watch watj, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa Igorge gards Igu go

interested 'intaristid, -ros-, 'intristid, -tras-,

interesting 'intaristirj, -ras-, 'intristiQ, -tras-,

The former pron. ^inta'rEstid,

is now somewhat old-fashioned {though
heard both in America and England),

'inta/estig

still

but 'inta^rEstid, -ig are

ES

jinta'fioCr, S+-'f3(r';

-d -nee -ans |-nces -ansiz

'ramataCr,

ES

interlude 'inta^jlud, -Jiud;

interlunar

-'3;

'inta-

-'liuna^;

jinta^'luna',

ES

jinta-

'luna(r, -'liu-

intermarriage jinta^'maerids;

ES

jinta-;

|-s

-IZ

ES ^inta-; |-ied -d
ES ^inta-; |-d

intermeddle jinta^'mEdj;
|-ling

ES

^inta^fiVamata^;

jintafi-

-Vom-

-d

-'medlig, -'medlig

ES

jinta-;

|-s

-iz

-d |-sion -3an

interglacial jinta^'gleXal;

intergrade n 'inta^^gred;
intergrade v jnt3''gred;

ES jintaES 'intaES jinta-;

|-d -id

ES

-'tiri'a(r

interject jinta^'dsakt;

ES

-W-

ES

^inta-; |-al -]

-tan
\past df pptc

jinta-;

ES

jinta-;

Interlaken 'inta^ilakan;
interlard jinta^'lard;

ES

ES

|-s

-iz |-d -t

'mta-

jinta'lard,

jnta-;

|-d

-d

intermission jinta^'mijan;

ES

ES

jinta-

jinta-; j-ted -id |-tent

-nt

-t |-ture

-iS^;

ES

ES

jinta-; ]-es -iz j-ed

-tJaCr

ES -'tan, -'tyn
ES -tsn, -tyn
m'tyn; ES -'tsn,

intern, -e adj in'tyn;

E + -'la:(I;

intern, -e

n 'intyn;

intern v 'segregate'

l-ed -id

ES 'intainterlay v jinta^'le; ES jinta-; |-laid -'led

interleaf n 'inta^^lif; ES 'inta-; -leaves -vz
interleaf v jinta^Uif ES ^inta-; |-s -s |-ed -t
interleave v jinta^'liv; ES ^inta-; |-s -z |d -d
interline n 'inta^jlain; ES 'intainterline v jinta^'lain; ES ^inta-; |d -d
interlineal jinta^'Iinial; ES jnta-; |-ly -i
interlinear jint3^'lini3^; ES ,inta'lini'a(r
interlineate jnta^ 'limpet; ES jinta-; j-d -id
interlineation jinta^jluu'ejan; ES ^intainterlink n 'inta'Jigk; ES 'intainterlinkz) iinta^'hgk; ES jinta-; |-ed -t
interlocate ^inta^'Ioket; ES jinta-; |-d -id
interlock n 'inta^jlak; ES 'intajak, -jlok
interlock v jinta^'lak; ES jinta'lak, -'Ink;
'inta^Je;

-'tyn;

l-ed -d

intern v 'act as intern' 'intyn;

ES

-tsn, -tyn;

l-ed -d

internal in'tynl;

ES

-'tsnl, -'tynl; |-ly -i

internal-combustion in'tynlkam'bAstJan;
-'tsnl-, -'ts'nl-;

internality jinta^'naelati;
int&rnational,

I-

ES

jinta-

jinta^'nae/an],

jinta-; |-ly -i |-ism

-jizam

internationalization
-/nala-, -ai'z-;

ES

-J"nal;

|-s

ES

|-ist -ist

jinta^^naeJanla'zeTan,
^inta-

internationalize jinta^'nae/anjjaiz, -J"nal-;

jinta-;

ES

ace/ + 'in ternal-

ES

-iz |-d -d

internecine jinta^'nisin, -sain;

internment in'tynmant;

ES

ES

jinta-

-'tsn-, -'tyn-

internship, -terne- 'intyny/ip, in'tyn/ip;

ES

-sn-, -s'n-

l-ed -t

interlocution jnta^la'kju/an, -'kiu-;

interlocutor ^inta-'lakjata^;

ES

jinta^'miggl;

-'migghg, -gjig

intermix jinta^'miks;

-knit -'nit or -knitted -'nitid

interlace jnta^'les;

|-ling

intermit jinta^'mit;

ES

interknit ^inta^'nit;

ES -'tsm-, -'tym-;

-bh

intermingle

jinta-; |-ed -id

interjection ^inta^'dgek/an;

interlay

jinter'meddzo)

l-bly

interiority in^tiribrati, -'ar-,

|-ally -Ii |-tory

{It

interminable in'tyminabl;

interim 'intarim
interior in'tiria';

ES ;intaES ^intointermediate adj jinta^'midiit; ES ^mtaintermediate v jinta^'midi^et; ES jinta-; |-d -id

interment in'tymant; ES -'ts-, -'tyintermezzo jinta^'metso, -'medzo; ES jinta-;
intermediacy jinta^'midiasi;

intermediary jinta^'midijEri;

interfuse jinta^'fjuz, -'fiuz;

ES

-'Ink-; |-tory -,tori, -itari;

|full

|-r

interferometer

|-d

/inta-; |-d -t

-a(r; flcc^ + 'interloper

intermarry jinta^'mjeri;

England.

esp. in

interfere jinta^'fir;
|-d

in excellent use,

still

ES

interlope jinta^'Iop;

ES

'inta^restid

-II),

interpellant

229

interested

ES

jinta-

,inta'lakjata(r,

ful jtooth tuG Ifurther 'fytSa^;

ES

'fstJa

jinta-

interoceanic jinta^joXi'aenik
interpellant ^inta^'pelant;

-,tori

ES

internuncio jnta^'nAnJijO;

ES

,inta-

[custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau |toy

tai

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz Idish dij" |vision 'visan |Eden 'idn |cradle 'kredl |keep 'em 'kipm

230

interpellate

ES

interpellate jinta^'pelet, in'ts^pi^Iet;

jinta-,

ES

interpellation jinta^pEle/an, m^typi'lejan;

|-s

jinta^pe'leta',

ES

in'ts^pijleta^;

ES

ES

jinta^'pEiajtret;

jinta-;

interstice in'tystis;

l-d -id

interplanetary jinta^'plaena^tEri;

jinta'stelafr

-'tas-, -'tys-; j-s -iz

ES

jinta-

ES jintaES ^into-; |-ed -d

jinta^'p'id; ES ^inta-; |-ed -id

interplay v ^inta^'ple;
interplead

or

-plead, -pled -'pltd

ES

interpolate in'typa^let;

ES

|-tor -9-;

-'ts-, -'ty-; j-d -id

-3(r

ES -^ts-,
ES ^intainterpose ^inta^'poz; ES jinta-; |-s -iz
interposition jinta^pa'zi/an; ES jintainterpret in'typrit; ES -'tsp-, -'ts'p-;
interpolation in^ts^ps'le/on;

-^ty-

interposal jinta^'pozj;

-d

|-d

ES jinta-; |-ly -i
ES jintaintertwine n 'inta^^twain; ES 'intaintertwine v ^inta^ 'twain; ES jinta-; |-d -d
intertwist n 'inta^jtwist; ES 'mtaintertwist v jinta' 'twist; ES jinta-; |-ed -id
interurban jinta^'yban; ES ^inta^'sban, -'abinterval 'inta^vl; ES 'inta-; |-ed -d
intervale 'inta^,vel, attrib. + -\\, -vil; ES 'intaintervene jinta^'vin; ES jinta-; |-d -d
intervenience ^inta^'vinjans; ES ^inta-; |-cy -i
interstitial jinta^'sti/al;

intertribal jinta^'traibl;

jinta-

interplay n 'inta'iple;

-lent -jant
I

|-ed -id

occasional pron. in'ts^pit is due to

ES

-itsp-,

ES

intervention jinta^'ven/an;
1-ism -jizam

ES

intervocal ^inta^'vokl;

ES

ES

in^typri'teXan;

-jtap-,

interpretive in'ta^pritiv;

ES

-'tsp-, -'typI

ES
ES

-woven -'wo van

or

ES

-'wov

;inta-; ]-\vove

-wove -'wov

intestine in'testin |-nal

jinta-

^inta-;

jinta-; [-ally

intestate in'testet, -tit |-tacy -tasi

-'tap-, -'typ-

interracial jinta^'rejal, -/lal;

interregnum jinta^'regnam;

ES

ES

-h, -ikh

interweave ^inta^'wiv;
interpretative in'ts^pn^tetiv;

'inta-; ]-ed -d

^inta-; |-ly -i

intervocalic jinta^vo'kaelik;

-ityp-

interpretation

jinta-; |-al -1

|-ist -ist

interview 'inta^jvju, -jViu;

dissimilation {121).

interpretability in^typrits^bdati;

-z

j-s

|-na -na

-1

j-nally -li

{BLC

jintes'taml)
inthrall, -al in 'Oral |-(l)ed -d

interrelate ^intari'let;

ES

^inta-; |-d -id |-tion

inthrone in'Oron

j-d

-d

intimate adj 'intamit |-macy -masi

-'le/an

interrenal jinta^'rinl;
interrex 'inta^jtEks;

ES

ES jintaES 'inta-;

intimate
j-reges jint<r-

jinta-

-a-;

v 'inta^met |-d -id j-tion

intimidate in'timajdet

(inta'me/on

|-d -id

intimidation in^tima'dejan

interrogate in't2rajget |-d -id [-tor

ES

intitle in'taitl |-d -d |-ling -tlig, -tlig

intitule in'titjul |-d -d

-3(r

interrogation injtEra'ge/an

into before vowel 'intu, 'inta; before cons, 'inta;

|-al -1

interrogative ^intaVagativ, -'rog- |-tory -jtori,

-/tan; S -,ton

interscholastic

jinta^ska^laestik,

-sko-;

|-ction

pause 'intu; in poetry

intolerable in'talarabl;

ES

jinta^'sckt;

ES

jinta-;

|-ed

-id

-k/an

interspace n 'inta^jspes;

interspace v jinta^'spes;

See in full 3^7.

|bath baeO;

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

|-ed -d [-ment

|-d

'piti

j-bly -bli

in'tummant

-d |-nation jinto'nejan

in torsion in'tarjan;
-t

ES + -'tDl-;

intonate 'into^net |-nated -^netid

intone in'ton

ES 'inta-; |-s -iz

ES jinta-; |-s -iz |-d

often in'tu

ES + -jtDl-

intolerance in'talarans; ES+-'tDl-; |-ant -ant

intomb m'tum

iinta-

intersect

before

intolerability injtalara'bilati;

interrupt jintaVApt |-ed -id |-ption -p/an

Key:

ES

ES

'"^*.

ES

interpenetration jinta^^pena'trejan;

'ridsiz;

jinta-; (.'inter jState

'act)

interstellar ^inta^ 'stela--;

jint3p2'Iet3(r, in'tspijletaCr, -'ts'pijletacr

The

-iz |-d -t |-dly -idli |-sion -/an, -3311

interstate jinta^'stet;

jinta-, -its-, -ity-

interpenetrate

ES ^inta-; ]-ly -i
ES jinta'spss, -'spys;

interspatial jinta^'spe/al;

intersperse jinta^'spys;

-hs-, -'ta--; |-d -id

interpellator

intort

intort in'tart;

ES

ES

-'taa/an

-'taat; l-ed -id

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr\' 'o*gri

far |watch watj",

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

231

in toto

investigation

in toto in'toto

intuitive in'tjuitiv, -'tiu-, -'tu-

intoxicant in'taksakant; ES+-'tDks-

intumescence jintju'mEsns,

intoxicate in'taks9jket;

ES+-'tDks-;

-tive

ES

inturn 'in^tyn;

-tiu-, -tu- |-nt -nt

-jtsn, -jtyn; |-ed -d

intussuscept jintassa'sept |-ed -id |-ion -pjan

intoxication in^taksa'kejan; ES+-jtDks-

intwine in'twain

intra 'intra

inulin 'injalin

intracellular jintra'seljala';

ES

-d

|-d

inunction in'AgkJan

-laCr

intracollegiate jintraka'lidsiit, -dsit

inundate 'inan^det, -An-, in'Andet

intractability jintraekta'bibti, in^traekta-

inundation jinau'dejan, jinAn-

intractable in'traektabl |-bly -bk

inure in'jur;

intractile in'traektj, -til

inurn in'yn;

intrados in'tredas;

ES + -dDs;

ES

inutility ^inju'tilati

-laCr

intramural jintra'mjurol, -'miural

intramuscular jintra'mAskjala^;

in

ES

intransigence in'traensadsans |-cy

-'jua(r; |-d -d

-'sn, -'yn; |-ed -d

inutile in'jutj, -til |-ly -i

|-es -iz

intramolecular jintrama'kkjala^;

ES
ES

|-d -id

vacuo in'vaekjujO

invade in'ved |-vaded -'vedid

-lafr

-i |-ent

-ant

invalid 'not valid' in'vaelid

intransitive in'traensativ

invalid n, adj 'sick' 'invalid j-ism -^izam

intrant 'intrant

invalid v 'invalid |-lided -jlidid

intrastate jintra'stet ('intranstate 'trade)

invalidate in'vjelajdet |-dated -jdetid

intravenous jntra'vlnas

invalidation injvaela'dejan, ^invsela-

intreat m'trit j-ed -id

in validity jinva'lidati

intrench in'trentj

invaluable in'vaeljabl, -'vaeljuabl |-bly -bli

j-es -iz |-ed -t

invariability

intrepid in'trepid |-pidity ^intra'pidati

jinvEria'bilati,

-ver-,

-vaer-,

lUjV-

intricate 'intrakit |-cacy -kasi

intrigue n in'trig, 'intrig

invariable in'vEnabl, -'ver-, -'vaer- 1-bly -bli

intrigue v in'trig |-d -d

invasion lu'vegan |-sive -siv

intrinsic in'trinsik |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

invective in'vektiv

inveigh in've |-ed -d

intrinsicate in'trinsikit, -jket

introduce jintra'djus, -'dius, -'dus

j-s

-iz |-d -t

introduction jintra'dAk/an j-tive -tiv |-tory

inveigle

in'vigl,

-'veg|

invent in 'vent |-ed -id

-tan, -tri

|-d

-d

|-ling

-gjig,

-glio

introit in'tro'it

inventory 'invanjtori,

introjection ^mtra'dsekjan

Inverness

|-ive -iv |-ntion

-jtari;

ES

jinva^'nes;

-n/an

-^tori

-va-; ('Inver^ness

intromission jintra'mi/an

'cape) |-ness-shire -'nesjir,- 'ne//-, -JV;

intromit jintra'mit |-ted -id |-tent -nt

-Xia(r, -fair

introrse in'trars;

ES

inverse n, adj in'vs's;

-'traas

introspect jintra'spekt j-ed -id

jintra'vy/an,

-5an;

inverse v in'vys;

ES

-'vs-,

ES -iVst, -jvyt
ES -'vst, -'vyt; |-ed

invert n, adj 'invyt;

'intrajvyt;

introvert v jintra'vyt;

-id

intrude in'trud, -'tnud j-d -id

intrust in'trAst |-ed -id

-tiu-,

invert v in'vyt;

ES

ES

ES

-'v3-, -'vs^-

-vst, -vyt

-'vst, -'vyt; l-ed -id

in'vytabrit, -jbret;

ES

invest in'vest |-ed -id

investigable in'vestigabl j-gatable -;getabl

-tu-,

in'tjuit,

-'tu- |-ed -id

ful Itooth tue [further 'fySa^;

-'tra-,

investigate in'vEsta^get

\-d -id

|-tor -a^;

ES

-a(r

intuition jintu'ijan, -tiu-, -t]u|full

\-s -iz |-d -t

-'vst-, -'v3*t-; |-d -jbretid

intrusion in'trusan, -'triusan |-sive -siv

'intjuit,

-'v3s, -'vs's;

invertebrate n, adj

|-ive -IV

intuit

ES

1-dly -idh, -tli

inversion in'v3\fan, -san;

-'vy-; |-sive -siv

introvert

-'v3S, -'vys; ('in-

jverse 'ratio)

introspection jintra'spek/an j-tive -tiv

introversion

ES

ES

investigation in/vesta'gejan

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

232

investiture
investiture inVestat/a';

investment m'vestmant

ES

lola ai'ola

-tJaCr

|-stor -ta^;

inveteracy inVetarasi |-rate

Irish

ES

-t3(r

lolanthe jaia'laenGi
-ion ending see -ia

-rit

Invictus inViktas

ion 'aian, 'aian, -nn

invidious inVidias

Ion 'aian, -on

invigorate inViga^ret |-rated -^retid

lona ai'ona

invigoration in^vigaVe/an

lone heroine ai'oni

invincibility iiijVinsa'bilati, jinvinsa-

lone

invincible in'vinsabl j-bly -bli

Ionia ai'onia, -nja

inviolability injvaiala'bilati, ^invaiala-

ionic, I- ai'anik, -'on-

formation ai'on

village, geol.

|-n

-n

inviolable inVaialabl 1-bly -bh

ionium ai'oniam

inviolate inVaialit, -Jet

ionization jaiana'zejan, -ai'z-

invisibility jinviza'bilati, in^viza-

ionize 'aian^aiz

in visible

inVizabl

Iosco ai'asko;

|-bly -bli

-d

-iz |-d

\-s

ES + -'ds-

invitation jinva'te/an

iota ai'ota J-cism -^sizam

invite n 'invait

iotize 'ai3jtaiz

invite v inVait |-vited -Vaitid

invocate 'inv3jket

\-d -id |-tion

invoice 'invais

-iz |-d -t

|-s

jinva'kejan

Iowa 'aiawa,
I

ES -kaCr;
ES -Vol-;

involucre 'invajluka^, -jliuka^;

involuntar}/ in'val3n,tEri;
-rail, esp. if

|-d

j-s

-iz |-d

-d

|-rily

P A

/oc. -i-'ai3jwe

jinta^'naefanl fo'nEtik a^sosi-

'aijpi'e,

jejan, ajso/i-;

ES

^inta-;

|-d -id

ipso facto 'ipso'faekto

involve in'valv, -VdIv j-d -d j-dly -idli

Ipswich Vpswit/

invulnerability jinvAlnara'bilati, in^vAl-, -nra-

Iquique i'kike

invulnerable in'vAlnarabl, -nra- |-bly -bli

iracund 'airajkAnd

inwall n 'in^wal, v in'wal |-ed in'wald

irade i'radi

'inwad;

j-s

Iraq i'rak

-wove -Vov
inwind in'waind -wound -Vaund
inwork in'wyk; ES -'wsk, -'wyk;

Iras 'airas

or

1-ed -t or

-wrought -Vat

|-'s

-IZ

|-i

-i

]-'s

-iz

irascible ai'raesabi, I'raesa- |-bly -bli

ire air;

ES

aia(r; |-ful -fal |-fully -fall

Iredell 'airdsl;

ES 'aiaES 'aialand

Ireland 'airland;

'hue)

iriwrap in'raep |-ped -t

Irenaeus ^aira'nias

inwreathe in'riS

Irene ai'rin, myth, ai'rini

|-d

-d

inwrought in Vat ('in^wrought

|-'s

iridaceous jairi'de/as,

ending see

-iz

irenic ai'rsnik, -rinik |-al -I |-ally -Ii, -ikli

'colors)

lo 'aio

iridesce ^ira'dss

-ia

|-s

jiri-

-iz |-d -t

iodate 'aiSjdet |-dated -jdetid

iridescence ^ira'desns |-cy

iodide 'aia,daid, -did jiodid 'aiadid

iridium ai'ridiam,

iodine 'aia^dain,
iodize 'aia^daiz

-dm, chem. usually

j-s -iz |-d

See in full 3-47.

-jdin

iris, I- 'airis |-es -iz

Irish 'airi/ |-man

-d

iodoform ai'odajfarm, -'ad-;

-i |-ent

-snt

i-

Irion 'irian, -an, -nn

iodin 'aiadin

bath bae6;

-'dsinja

irate 'airet, ai'ret ('irate 'foreman)

inwound inVaund
inwove in Vov -woven -'wovan ('in^woven

name

irascibility ai^raesa'bilati, i,rjesa-

Key:

Iran ai'raen, i'ran ]-ian ai 'reman

-z

inweave in'wiV |-wove -Vov |-woven -Vovan

-io

AP

ipse dixit Vpsi'diksit

involution jinva'lujan, -'liujan, -vl'ju/an

ES

c/"

ipecac Vpi^kaek |-uanha -ju'aena

Iphigenia jifadsi'naia, mod.

emph. ^involun'tarily

inward 'inwa'd;

-d

'aijo'ju

-ious ending see -ia

invoke in'vok |-voked -Vokt

involute 'invajlut, -\ii\t

OU

ES

-jfaam, -'od-

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

]-ed -t

-man |-men -man -woman

|

-jwuman, -jwu- |-\vomen -jWimin, -an

(6) |rate ret |yet Jt |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj",

wot/

(12) |jaw Ayi

gorge gards |go go

233

iritis

iritis

irk

arraitis

-Vitik

|-tic

yk; ES ak, yk;

-sam

ES

iron, I- 'aia^n;

irrefragable

la-

irrefutabihty

'ai-an-; ('ironjclad

jfjuta-,

'shoe)

I'lef-,

-bh
ijrefjuta'bilati,

ES

-jfiuta-;

jirri-,

ixitzi-,
i^rEf-,

^iri-

la^ref-,

jiri^f-, jiarijf-

ES

iron-gray, -grey 'aia^n'gre;

'ai-an-; ('iron-

irrefutable
jirn-,

jgray 'hair)
ironic ai'ranik;

ES-h-Von-;

]-al -1 |-ally -Ii,

ES

'ai-an^raAggaCr;

ES 'ai-an-; |-s -z
ironsmith 'aia^n^smifl; ES 'ai-an-; |-ths -Gs
ironstone 'aia^n^ston; ES 'ai-an-

ironware 'aia^n^wer, -jwaer;

'ai'3njW3(r,

ironwork 'aia^n^wyk;

ES

'ai-an^wsk, 'ai-an-

ES

irrelevance

-jkw3iz,

|-'s

-i |-ant

-ant

irreligion jiri'hdsan,

ES

I'rel-, la'rel-

ES

I'rsl-,

^in-,

^lari-;

irVel-;

ES

^irri-;

-dsas
jin'midiabj,

ES

jirn-;

iiri-,

ir^rep-;

ES

ir'raej-;

jin'muvabi,

la'r-;

I'r-,

ES

irreparable

^iri-,

jirepara'bilati,

ijrep-,

jirrep-,

jirep-, jiarep-, i^rEp-, la^rep-

iVEparabl,

la'rep-; |-bly

1-Iy-i

ES

iVtn-',

-bh

irreparability

irradiation jiredi'e/an, i^redi-

ES

^im-;

jrijmuva'bilati,

jiri-, jiari-

jiari-; |-bly

irradiate I'redi^et |-ated -^etid |-tive -iv

iVaefanl,

ijreg-,

|-cy -i |-ant -ant

irremovable

-;kw3iziz

irrational

jirreg-,

iiareg-, ijreg-, lajieg-;

I'relavans,

irremovabihty
-^kwDiz

irradiance iVedians j-cy

I'rEgjalaCr,

jian-; |-bly -bh

Iroquoian jira'kwaian
'ira^kwai,

;ireg-,

irremediable

'ai-ani

jiri'f-,

|-lation -ja'le/an

|-gious

irony kind of humor 'airani

jiri'fjutabl,

la'rcf-,

ES

jirEgja'Iaerati,

ES

irrelative I'rdativ, ir'rel-;

jwyk
irony Hike iron' 'aini;

ir'rf-,

iVef-,

ir'reg-;

I'tEgjala^,

ir^reg-;

laW-;

-jwae3(r

ES

la'reg-

irregularity

|-y -gari, -gri

ironside, I- 'aia^n^said;

Iroquois

I'refjutabl,

-'fiuta-;

jiari'f-

irregular

-ikh

ironmonger 'aia^n^niAgga^ ;

ES

ES

irVef-;

I'refragabl,

la'ref-; |-bly

'ai-an |-ed -d

ES

ES

ir^ref-;

ijfEf-, la^ref-

Irma 'yma; ES 'sma, 'yma

ironclad 'aia'n'klaed;

ijrEfraga'bibti,

irrefragability

|-ed -t |-some

ES

Irkutsk ir'kutsk;

irresolution

ES

ir'rep-;

I'rep-,

-bh

irrationality

ES

jirrae/a-;

ijrae/a'naelati,

i^raefa-, jiarae/a-

l-bly

Irrawaddy jira'wadi, -Vodi

irreclaimability

ES

jirri-;

;i3ri-; |-bly

^irri-;

ES

jiri-,

-bh

ES

ir'rek-;

ES

+ jirrecon'cilable

|-bly

iVekan^sailabl,

laVek-;

em/'/^.

-bk
jiri-, jiari-;

irredeemable

|-bly

jirri-,

-vra-;

ES

-bh

jiri-,

^im-;

jirijpresa'bilati,

ES

yiri-, jiari-

l-bly

ES

iiri-, jiari-;

-bh

jiari-; 1-bIy

ES

^iri-,

ES

jiri-,

-bh

irresistibility ^irijZista'bilati,

jiri'dimabi,

jirri-;

ES

^iri-,

jim-;

irreducible jiri'djusabl,
|-bly

iim-;

ES

jiri-, iiari-;

-bh

irresolute iVeza^lut, ir'rEz-, -ihut, -Vczljut;

ES

Irredentist jiri'dntist

jiri-, jiari-;

irresistible jiri'zistabl,

l-bly

jian-; |-bly -bli

jfull

ES

jirri-;

jian-

irrecoverable jiri'kAvarabl,

ES

jiri'plesabl,

irreproachable jiri'protj'abi, jim-;

litEk-, la^rek-

I'rek-,

;in-, jian-;

-bh

irrepressible jri'prsabl, jim-;

irreconcilability ijrekanjsaila'bilatis ir^rek-;

irreconcilable

jiari-; |-bly

irrepressibility

/iri'klemabl,

ES

-bh

irreplaceable

jirijklems'bilsti,

jiri-, jiari-

irreclaimable

irrepealable jiri'pilabl, jirri-;

iVez-, la'rez-

irresolution jireza'lujan, ,irrz-, i^rez-, ir^rez-,

jirri-,

-Mius-, -'dus-;

-bh

ful |tooth iu6 jfurther 'fySa^;

-'hu-, -zFjuJan;

ES

iirez-, ^larez-, i^rez-,

ia,rz-

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam |\vhile hwail [how

[using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fniz |dish dij [vision 'visan

hau

|toy tai

|Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

234

irresolvable
Those words below in which the a sound
irresolvable

^iri'zalvabl,

is spelt

ES

-'zdIv-;

jirri-,

isoclinal
o are often pronounced with n in

and S

Isaiah ai'zea, ai'zaia

isatin 'aisatin

jin-, jian-

irrespective ^iri'spektiv, iim-;

irresponsibility

ES

jin-, jian-

jinjspansa'bilah, ^im-;

ES

Iscariot is'kaenat

ischium 'iskiam

-la

|-ia

Iseult I'sult

jin'spansabl,

irresponsible
jiori-; |-bly

iim-;

ES

jin-,

-bh

Isfahan jisfa'han, -'hasn

-ish

irresponsive

iiri'spansiv,

jirn-;

ES

^in-,

irretraceable

jiri'tresabi,

jirn-;

ES

jin-,

adj ending -1/

pron. can be

often omitted

found by adding

when

the

-ij to the head

pronunciation

Ishbosheth iJ'bo/iG

Ishmael 'i/mial

jiari-; |-bly -bli

ES

irretrievabiHty ^iri^triva^bilati, jirn-;

;iri-,

Ish tar 'i/tar;

|-ite -;ait

ES

E + -ta:(r

-ta:(r,

Isiac 'aisij^k

irretrievable

/in'trivabl,

ES

iirn-;

jin-,

irreverence

ES

iiVev-;

I'rEvarans,

I'rev-,

la'rev-; |-ent -gnt

irreversibility

-Vys-,

jirijVS'sa'bilati,

ES

iirn-;

I /rev-,

ES

jiriVysabl, iirn-;

jiriVas-,

-jglas

ES

ir^rev-;

is'laemik, -'lamik

j-ic

|-tic

jisla'mitik

island 'ailand
isle ail |-d

ijrevaka'bilati,

i3,rev-

irrevocable

Islam 'islam, is'lam

Islamite 'islam^ait

jiari-; |-bly -bli

irrevocability

E + -;glas,

isinglass 'aiziOyglaes;
Isis 'aisis |Isis' 'aisis

jirijvss-, -jvys-, jiari-

irreversible

Isidore 'iza^dor, -jdar; S -jdor

Isidorian ^iza 'dorian, -'dar-; S -'dor-

jiari-; |-bly -bli

Isle

-d

Royale

|-less 'aillis

'ail'raial, -'rajal

islet 'ailit

I'revakabl,

is'rEV-; |-bly -b!i

ir'rev-

ES

Isleton 'ailtan

Cultivated speakers often

pron. jin'vokabl, hy confusion of revocable

with revokable.

ES -wa6

Isleworth 'aizlwa^O;
Islington 'izligtan
Islip 0.xf,

LI

Northants +'^saz-

'aislip,

irrigable 'irigabl |-bly -bli

ism n

irrigate 'ira^get |-d -id |-tion jira'gejan

-ism ending -izam, -izm

'izara

The pron. -izm

iit -izam

is

-izam

is

is also

though the vowel

irritability jirata'bilati

less frequent,

irritable 'iratabl |-bly -bli

often very brief.

irritant ^irotant

given,

irritate 'ira^tet |-tated -itetid |-tive -rv

possible pron.

irritation ^ira'tefan

main

accent, as in 'truism, -iz- has slightly

irruption I'rAp/an |-tive -tiv

more

stress

Irvine 'yvin;

Irving 'yvig;

Irwin 'ywin;
is

stressed

ES
ES
ES

'iz, jiz;

after voiced

'svin, 'a^vm
'sviij,

accent

'swin, 'ywin

sounds except sibilants

|-s

z; after

s; after

izsee

's

's:

tlte

or 88.

|-la

tlte

syllable before has the

than -am, though usually the

is

not used.
it

If -ism follows

Ismail
isn't

Rus

'iznt,

isn't

city,

Egyp

before

viceroy ^isma'il

some

conss.

isobar 'aisa^bar;

ES

-jba:(r,

isochromatic jaisakro'mactik
isochronal ai'sakranl

|-al

-1

|-ally

-li,

-ikb

Key:

j-ly -i

isochronize ai'sakrajiiaiz

|-s

|-nous -nas
-iz |-d -d

isoclinal jaisa'klainl |-clinic -'klmik

See in fidl 3-47.

|bath baeO;

E + -jba:(r

Isobel 'izabl, -^bel

jizo'bela

isagoge ^aisa'godsi

jaisa'gadsik

+ hzr\. (There

time Sa^jizn'taim)

Isadora jiza'dora, -Mara; S -'dora

isagogic

a?!

has a secondary accent

isobaric jaisa'baerik

-s |-s's -siz

Isabel 'izajbsl, -bl

mark

If

is

('htaraljizam, 'fEma^nizam, 'fetjjizam).

imstr. cf sometimes spelt

sibilants (s, z, /, 5, t/, ds)

Isaac 'aizak

the vocab. only

being understood that -izm

unaccented syllable,

'yvig |-ton -tan

sounds except sibilants

voiceless

it

In

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang sjeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wotj

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

235

isocline
Those words below in which the a sound

is s

izzard

dt o are often pronounced with

isocracy ai'sakrasi

it stressed \t, ^it;

Isocrates ai'sakra^tiz

see

-iz

|-'s

isodynamic jaisadai'naemik

tmstr.

Italian I'taeljan, a-,

|-al -I

it

now

and

isogenous ai'sadsanas

ItaUanate

isogeo therm ^aisa'dsiajOs^m;

ES

-fism, -^Oym

|-gonic ^aisa'ganik

|-ly -i

or {spelt

-it

v I'taeljanjet |-ated -^etid

Italianize I'taeljan^aiz

|-s

-iz |-d

italicize I'taela^saiz |-s -iz |-d -d

isolate 'aisj^et, 'is- |-ated -fitid

Italy

isolation jaisre/an, js-

Itasca ai'tasska

Isolda I'solda, I'zol-

itch It/ litches 'it/iz |itched it/t

'itli

Isolde I'sold, I'solda, I'zol- {Ger h'zolda)

Itchen

isomagnetic jaisamajg'nstik

it'd Ht woidd' 'itad

ES -m3(r
ES -^miaCr

isomeric ^aisa'ttiErik

|-al -1 |-ally

-h, -ikli

isomerism ai'samajrizam |-rous -ras

isometric jaisa'metrik

-d

-ikh

italic, I- I'taelik |-ally -li,

isolable 'aisalabj, 'is-

isomere 'aisajinir;

't)

less freq. ai'taeljan

Italianate adj I'taeljan^et,

isomer 'aisama';

'twas, 'twere, 'twill, 'twould

'tis, 't'll,

isoelectric jaiso-i'lektrik |-ally -li, -ikh

isogonal ai'sag3n|

n in

Istria 'istria |-n -n

isocline 'aiso/klain

-an

'it/in,

item

item

n, v 'aitam |-ed -d

adv 'aitem

itemize 'aitam^aiz

|-s

-iz [-d

-d

iterate 'ita^ret |-d -id |-tive -iv

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

-ikh

iteration ^ita 're/an

Ithaca 'iGaka, 'iGika

isometry ai'samatri

ES

isomorph 'aisOimarf;

isomorphic jaisa'tnorfik;

-jinaaf

ES -'moafik;

|-phism

-fizam |-phous -fas

Ithamar 'iGa;mar; ES -jma:(r,

Ithunn, -un 'i'Sun = Idun

E + -jma:(r

Ithuriel I'Gjurial, I'Giurial

isopiestic ^aisapai'tstik |-ally -h, -ikli

itineracy ai'tinarasi, i- |-ancy -ansi |-ant -ant

isopleth 'aisa^pIeG |-ths -Gs

itinerary ai'tinajteri, i-

isopod 'ais3ipad

itinerate ai'tina^ret, i- |-rated -^retid

isoprene 'ais3;prm

it'll

isosceles ai'sasljiz

its

Ht will'

'itl

pass its

it's 'it is,' 'it

has' its

isoseismal jaisa'saizml, -'sais-

itself it'self

isoseismic ^aisa'saiznuk, -'sais-

thority) -ati,

isostatic ^aisa'staetik j-al -1 |-ally -ji, -ikli

isothere ^aisa^Gir;

ES

-iti.

It seems clear that -ati is

the prevailing pron. in colloq. speech,

ES -fism, -fis^ni
jaisa'Oyml; ES -^Gsml, -'Gyml

E
-ius

b'

ending see

-ia

isotope 'ais3jtop |-pic jaisa'tapik

isotrope 'aisajtrop |-pic ^aisa'trapik

I've '/ have' aiv

isotropy ai'satrapi

-ive unstressed ending -iv

Ispahan jispa'han, -^haen

the vocab.

Israel 'izrial |-ite -^ait |-itish -jaitij

Issachar 'isaka^;

ES

when

its

rectly to that of the

Ives aivz

-k3(r

|-'s

pron.

ivory, I- 'aivri, 'aivan

|-s

ivy

issue 'iju, hfjv \-d -d

'isju is

mainly Brit.

-d

'aivi [-ied

Issus 'isas |Issus' 'isas

Ixion iks'aian
izard, I- 'iza'd;

isthmus 'ismas

izzard 'iza^d;

[full

l-mian -inian

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

ES

ES 'izad
ES 'izad

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij |vision

from

be added di-

iwis, y- I'wis \erron. I wis ai'wis

Istanbul jstan'bul, jistam|-es -iz

may

head word

issuable 'i/uabj, 'ijju- |-bly -bk

often omitted

-iz

issuance 'i/uans, 'ijju-

-iz j-ant -ant

the

than in the N.

Ivan 'aivan
Ivanhoe 'aivan^ho

isotonic jaisa'tanik |-ity jaisato'nisati

-iti is

more common in

probably somewhat

-jGiaCr

isotherm 'ais3iGym;
isothermal

word ending (fatahty, familiarity, au-

-ity

|-al -1

isostasy ai'sastssi

Visan |Eden

hau

'idn |cradle 'kredl |keep

|toy tai

'em

'kipiii

Janiculum

236

J,

letter

dse

Jacquerie Fr sak'ri

poss J's dsez

\pl J's, Js,

jactation dsaek'te/an |-titation -ti'te/an

jab dsaeb Ijabbed dsaebd

jabber

ES

'dsaeba^;

-b3(r;

-d

|-ed

|-ing

jade dsed |jaded 'dsedid

jaeger, jag- bird 'jega', 'dse-, rifleman 'jega^;

'dsaebrig, Msaebarig

ES

Jabberwock ^dsaeba^jwak, -jwnk; ES Msaeba-

-g3(r; {Ger 'jeigar)

Jabesh-gilead 'dsebc/'gihad

Jael 'dseal

Jabez 'dsebiz

Jaffa 'dsaeia

-iz

|-'s

jabot gae'bo {Fr sa'bo)

Jaffrey 'dsaefn

jacinth 'dsesinO |-ths -0s

jag dsaeg jagged dsaegd

Jack,

j-

jagged adj M5aEgid

dsaek |jacked dsaekt

jack-a-dandy jdsaeka'dtendi

jagged-toothed 'dsaegid'tuGt,

-'Sd

jackal 'd3tek3l

jaguar 'dsaegwar, Msaegjujor;

ES -wa:(r, -,a:(T

jackanapes 'djaekajneps |-napeses -jnepsiz

Jahveh

jackass 'dsaek/aes

-vizam

|-vist

-\ist

Jahweh 'jawe |-wism -wizam

|-wist

-vnst

|-vistic ja'vistik

|-es -iz |-ed -t

jackdaw Msaek^da
jacket 'dsaekit j-ed -id
jack-in-a-box

|-vism

'jav

|-wistic ja'wistik

Msaekina^baks;

ES + -jbDks;

jail

dsel [jailed dseld

jailbird 'dseljbyd;

|-es -iz

jack-in-the-box 'dsaekin'Sajbaks; ES+-jbioks;

Jain dsain

|-a -a

Jaipur dsai'pur;

I-es -IZ

ES

|-ism

ES

|-er -a^;

-izam

jack-in-the-pulpit 'd3aekin'33'pulpit

Jairus dse'airas, 'dsearas

jalap Msaelap

j-

rfgaol

|-ist -ist

|-'s

-iz

Jalna ^dsalna

jdsaekavbljtredz

jack-o'-lantern 'dsaskajaenta-n, 'dsaek^l-;

ES

jalopy dsa'lapi;

ES-f-%pi

jalousie jsaelu'zi {Fr salu'zi)

-tan

jack-rabbit Msaekjraebit

jam dsaem jammed dsaemd

jackscrew ^djaek^skru, -jskriu

Jam dsam

Jackson Msaeksn

Jamaica dsa'meka |-n -n

jamb, -e dsaem
jambeau 'dsaembo ]-x -z
jamboree jdsaembaVi

j-ville -iVil; S-i--vl

Jacksonian dsask'sonian
jackstay Msaek^ste

jackstraw 'dsaekjstra
jack-tar Msaek'tar;

ES

-Ha:(r, E-i--'ta:(r

Jacob Msekab, 'dsekap

Jacobean jdsaeka'bian ('Jacojbean 'style)

Jacobi Am dsa'kobi, various Germans

%obi {Ger

ja-

ja'ko:bi:)

Jacobin 'dsaekabin
Jacobinic jdsaeka'binik

|-al -1 J-ally -Ii,

-ikk

jacobus dsa'kobas

Jan dsaen
Jane dsen
Janeiro dsa'mro, -'nero {Pg sa'neiru)

Jacobite 'dsaeka^bait
Jacobitic jdsaeka'bitik

James dsemz j-ian -lan |-'s -iz

Jameson 'dsemsn
Jamestown 'djemz^taun
Jamestown weed 'dsimsn^wid
Jamieson 'dsemasn

Jamy Mseini

Jacobian dsa'kobian, dse-

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

Janesville 'dsenzvil

Janet

|-es -iz

jacoby M3aek3bi
Jacquard,

j-

dsa'kard;

ES

'dsjenit, dsa'net;

Fr

writer

Janice 'dsaenis

|-'s

-iz

Janicula dsa'nikjala

Janiculum d5a'nikjalam

Jacqueline Msaekwalin, -Jin

See in full 3-47.

name

jangle 'dsaeogl |-d -d |-Hng 'dsaeggliQ, -glio

-'ka:d, E-i--'ka:d;

(Fr 5a'ka:r)

|bath baeO;

/c7?J.

Sa'ne {Fr sa'ns)

Jacoby, Harold dsa'kobi, Johann ja-

Key;

-a(r;

-'pua(r; acd-h'Jaipur

jackknife 'dsaek^naif |-knives -^naivz

Jack-of-all-trades,

ES

-jbsd, -^byd

bee bi |pity

ba0 (10) |ah a

|far

'p'ti (6)

|rate ret |yet jet |sang Sicg |angr>' 'aeg-gn

far |watch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

janitor

ES

'dsaenata^;

-t3(r;

-d

]-ed

|-ing

Msaenatarii), -trig

Janizary 'dsaenaiZeri

Jansen 'dsaensn |-ism -jizam |-ist

January Msaenjujeri, 'dsaenjuari

Janus 'dsenas

-ist

j-

Jeames dsimz [-'s -iz

Jean Eng name d3in, Fr name 3a
jean cloth A'^m, d3en
Jeanne Eng name d3m, Fr name 30:11
Jeanne d'Arc Fr 3a:n'dark
Jeannette d33'ii8t

-iz

|-'s

Jeans d3inz

Jap dsaep
Japan,

jerkin

237

janitor

Japanese jdsaepa'niz ('Japa^nese

-iz

|-'s

Jebusite M3bjujzait

dsa'psen, dsae- j-ned -d

jdsEbju'zitik

-si tic

Jedburgh 'dsed^byo,

^beetle)

-a;

ES

-^bAr-,

-^bar,

-jby-; Brit 'd3Edb3r3

jape dsep japed dsept

|

Japhet 'dsefit

Jedediah jd3edi'dai3

Japheth

jeer d3ir;

'dsefiO, -fit

ES

S+d33(r;

d3i3(r,

Japhetic dsa'fetik, d^e-

Jefferies 'dsefriz |-ries' -riz

Jaqueline 'dsaekwalin, -Jin

Jefferson Msefs'sn;

Jaquenetta jdsaekwa'neta, jdsaeka-

Jeffersonian jd3f3' 'soman;

Jaques surname dsaeks,

'dsekwiz, -kwiz |-'s -iz
jar dsar;

ES

jardiniere jdsardn'ir;

iw

^/za^.

|-red -d

ES

E+ja:l;

jail,

'without

jar less

|-s

-z

jar'

'dsarlis;

Jehu 'd3ihju, -hiu

ES

Msa:-,

-iz [-d -d

|-s

jejune d3i'd3un, -'d3iun ('jej'une 'diet)

Jekyll 'dslkl, 'd3Ekl

jelly 'd3Eli |-ied -d |-fish -jfif

'd3aEro, -a

ES

E + 'd3a:-;

jasmine, -min 'd3aesmin, Msaez-

Jemima d33'niaini3
jemmy, J- 'dsEini

Jason 'dsesn

Jena 'jena

Jarvis M3arvis;

jasper, J- 'd3aesp3';

^30:-,

ES

]-'s

-iz

'dsaespaCr; j-ed -d

'd3En-giz'kan, 'd3Eggiz-

-is

jaundice Msandis, M3Dn-,

^300-

|-s -iz |-d -t

jaunt d33nt, d3Diit, d3ant |-ed -id

j-y -i

Javan Bible 'd3ev3n, Msevaen

-iz

'd3n3(r

jennet 'dsEnit

Jenny,

j-

'd3ni

jeopard 'dsEpa^d;

-n

|-'s

ES

Jenner 'd3n3';

Jastrow Msaestro

|-n

Jenghiz Khan,

Jenkins 'dsEgkinz

^jasi, 'd3aesi

Java 'dsava

ES

'd3p3d; |-ed -id

jeopardize 'dsEpa^d^aiz;

Javanese jdsaeva'niz ('Java^nese ^people)

ES

Jephtha 'dsEfGa, 'dsEpGa

jaw dsD Ijawed dsad

jawbone Mso'bon, -^bon

Jerauld dsa'rold

jawbreaker 'd33jbrek3';
jay, J- d3e
jayhawk 'd3ejh3k

|-y -i
\-s

-iz

d33'bo3

jeremiad jd3Er3'mai3d, -aed

-jbrekaCr

Jeremiah jd3Er3'mai3
j-ed -t |-er -a^;

jay-walk 'd3ejW3k |-ed

-t j-er -a^;

jazz dsasz [jazzes M3aeziz |-ed -d

Jeaffreson M3Ef3^sn;
jealous 'dsElas |y

ES

jerboa d33''bo3;

ES

'd3Ep3d-;

l-d-d

javelin M3aevlin |-ed -d

|full

S -'horam

jejunum d3i'd3un3m, -'d3iun3m

jarovize 'jaraivaiz

Jassy

-'bar-;

Jehoshaphat d3i'haX3jfaet, -'has-; ES+-'hD-

Jehovah dsi'hova

|-ess -is

E + 'd3a:Jarrow

jehad dsi'had

Jehoram d3i'hor3m,

E + 'dsa:-;

'd3a:-,

jargon M3arg3n, -gan, -gnn |-ed -d

jarl jarl;

id^eis-

Jehoiakim dsi'haiajkim

-'83(r; (Fr 3ardi'nJ:r)

ES

ES

Jeffrey, -fferey 'd3fri

Jeffries 'dsEfriz |-ries' -riz

jd3a:dn'i3(r, jd3a:d-;

Jared 'd3erid
jarful 'd3arjful;

'd3Ef3sn

Jeffreys 'd3Efriz |-reys' -riz

E+dgaUr;

dsarCr,

S jd3a:dn'i3(r,

dseks;

ES

|-ed -d

ES
ES

-3(r
-3(r

|-ily -li, -ili

ES M3f3sn

Jericho 'dsEra^ko
Jeritza 'JEritsa

jerk d3yk;

ES

jerkin 'd3ykin;

-i

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fycJa^;

Jeremy 'd3r3mi

ES

d33k, ds^k; |-ed

ES

-t

'dssk-, 'd3yk-; |-ed -d

'fsSa |custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how

hau

|toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij [vision 'vi33n [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipin


Jeroboam
Those words below in which the a sound

Jeroboam,

Joe

238

j-

is spelt

jdsEra'boam

ES

Iger 'dsiga^;

-3(r; |-ed

iiggle 'd3ig! |-d

Jerrold 'dsErald

igsaw 'd3igjS3 [-ed -d

Jerry -build 'dseri^bild

Jersey,

M5TZ1; ES

j-

-built -^bilt

Jill

'dsszi, 'ds^zi; j-ed -d

ES

Jervaulx Yks 'dsarvis, Msyvo;

'dgsvo, 'dsyvo,

E + 'dsaivis;
ES

Jervis 'd33'vis, 'dsarvis;

E + 'dsarv-;

|-'s

'djaivis,

-voz

-isiz,

'dsavis, 'dsyv-,

ES M33V-, Msyv-

Jervois Austral 'dgyvis;

ES

jess

dses

Jimjams M3iinjd3aemz
Jimmy, J- Msinu |-ied -d
Jimson weed 'd3imsn;wid

Khan

'd3in-giz'kan, 'd3iggiz-

jingle 'd3iggl |-d -d |-hng 'd3igglig, -glig

Jingo 'd3iggo J-ed -d |-ism -jizsm

Jeshurun 'dsEjjuran, ^seJuJespersen 'jespa^sn;

jilted 'dsiltid
I

Jinghis

-iz

|-'s

d3il

Jilt d3ilt

Jim dsim

Jerusalem dsa'rusalam, -Viu-

'd3a:v-,

ihad d3i'had

'dseri

j-

and

-d |-ing -ig, -gnij

-d |-ling 'dsiglig, -glig

Jerome dsa'rom, 'dsEram

Jerry,

o are often pronounced with d in

Jink dsigk |jinked d3igkt

'jespasn

Jinn pi d3iii

dsest

Ijesses 'dsEsiz |jessed

Jessamine, J- 'dsesamin
Jesse 'dsEsi Ijessie 'dsEsi |-sica 'dsESika

Jinnee, -nni d3i'ni \pl jinn dsin

Jessopp, Jessup 'dsEsap

Jinricksha, -rikisha dsinVikJa, -^3

Jest djEst

Jinx d3igks Ijinxes M3igksiz Ijinxed dsigkst

Jinniyeh dsi'nijE

Jested ^d3Estid

\pl

jinn

d3m

Jitney 'd3itni

Jesu Msizju, 'dsis-, -lu, -u

ES

Jesuit 'd33uit, 'dsEzju- |-ry -ri

jitters 'dsita^z;

Jesuitic, J- jd3E3u'itik, jdsEzju- |-al -1 |-ally

Jiujitsu, jiujutsu d3u^d5itsu,

Joab Msoaeb
-akim

-li, -ikli

Joachim,

Jesup 'dsEsap
Jesus 'd3iz3s

|-sus'

Joan

Jet-black 'dset'blaek ('Jet-^black 'eyes)

Jetty 'd5ti Ijettied 'd3tid

Jeu d'esprit Fr 3odEs'pi'i

Jevons 'dsEvanz

|-'s

-iz

|-ess -is |-ry -ri

Vl3UZjharp,
E-i--iha:p;

'd3us-,

ES

M31U-;

M3us/liarp preserves a

regular old form, dissociated

from Jew's.

Jezreel 'd3Ezri3l, d3z'ril

|-ite

'dsEzrial^ait

d3ib Jibbed dsibd

Jocelin, -ine, -lyn 'd3asb;n,

Jock dsak
jockey 'd3aki

'dsasalm

]-ed -d

jocose dso'kos j-sity -'kas3ti

jocular

'dsakjsla^;

ES

-'a:k,

jocko 'dsako

Jezebel 'dsEzabl

-3(r; |-ed -d j-ing

-bang,

ES

-l3(r;

jd3akJ3-

|-ity

'la;r3ti

jocund 'd3ak3nd, -And [ity dso^Andati

-brig

Jibboom 'd3ib'bum
Jibe d3aib |jibed d3aibd

jodel 'jodl |-ed -d j-ing 'jodlig, 'jodlig

Jiffy 'dsifi

jodhpurs 'd3adp3^z, 'djod-;

Jodhpur d3od'pur; ES

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

-'pu3(r; af c/ -h

ES

'

Jodhpur

-p3z

Joe d30

dsig Jigged d3igd

Key:

Jocasta d3o'kaest3

Jewett 'dsurt, 'dsiuit

Jig

is

Jobson 'dsabsn, 'dsob-

Jewel, J- 'd3U3l, 'dsiuol |-ry -ri

Jibber M3ib3^;

d3o'aen

not used by those familiar

with the traditional pron.

Jettison ^d3Et3sn, -zn [-ed -d

Jib

violinist

Joanna d3o'aen3
Joan of Arc Msonav'ark, d3o'aen-; ES
E-i--'a:k;
see Joan
Joaquin hwa'kin {Am Sp hwa-)
job d3ab |-bed -d |-ber -a*; ES -3(r
Job dsob

Jetsam 'dsEtsam

-jha:p,

'dsos^kim,

d3on, 'd303n, dso'aen

spelling pron.,

Jethro 'dsEGro

Jew's-harp

Bible

-an

d3iu-

'jo3jkim {per jo'axim)

-zas

Jet d3t iJetted 'dsEtid

Jew d3u, d3iu

'dsitaz; |-ery

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet JEt |sang saeg |angr}- 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw d33 |gorge gards |go go

judgement

239

Joel
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

Joffre

Fr sbfr

o are often pronounced with o in

Joshua 'dsajua,

Joel 'dsoal

o.j.

mid S

'dsaja^we

Josiah d3o'sai3

dsagd

jog dsag jogged

I

joss d3as,

dsDS

|-es -iz

joggle 'dsagl |-d -d |-ling 'dsaghg, -giro

jostle 'dgasj |-d -d |-hng 'd3ashg, -slig

Johanna d3o'haen9

jot dsat Ijotted 'd3atid

Johannes,

j-

dso'haeniz

Jotunn, -un 'jatun,

|-es' -iz

Johannesburg dso'haeniSjbs'g,

jo-;

ES

-jbsg;

[-heim -jhem

'jot-

Joule d3aul, dsul, dsol |joule dsaul, dsul

jounce dsauns Ijounces Msaunsiz

-ibyg

John dsan, dson |-ian 'dsonian

johnnycake 'dsani^kek
Johnny-jump-up 'dsani'dsAmpjAp
Johnson 'dgansn |-ese ^dsansn'iz

Jourdain Shak. dsur'den;

Johnsonian dsan'sonian

journalese jdsynl'iz,

Johnston 'dsanstan

|-ism -jizani

'

ES

'dsanl, 'dsynl; j-ed -d

|-ist -1st

-'is;

journalistic jdsynl'istik;

Johnstown 'dsanz^taun
Fr jwadaVivr

ES jdssnl-, jdsynlES jdssnl-, jd3ynl-;

-ally -h, -ikli

I

ES

journahze 'd3ynljaiz;

join dsDin |-ed -d

j-s

ES 'dsoindaCr
ES 'd53in3(r; |-ed

|-d -t

dsua-; Fr name

3ur'de

journal 'ds^nj;

joie-de-vivre

-IZ |-d

-d |-y

-i

joint d33int |-ed -id j-ress -ris |-resses -risiz

joint-stock 'dsaint'stak ('joint-jstock 'bank)

'dynl-;

'dgsnj-,

-d

journey ^33^111;

joinder 'dsDinda^;
joiner 'dsama^;

ES

ES

Mssni, 'dss'ni;

|-ed

-d

-man -man |-men -man

joust d3Ast, dsaust |-ed -id

Jove dsov Jovian 'dsovian

I

jointure 'dsaintja^;

ES

joist d33ist, d33is

-joists dsaists, dsois:

^dsointJaCr; |-d -d

jovial 'd3ov3al, -vial |-ity jdsovi'aelati

Jovinian d3oVinian

joke dsok joked d3okt

Jowett 'd3auit

JoHet

jowl dsaul, dsol |-ed -d

III

'dsohjEt, -at, jdsoli'et, -al-

Jolhet, JoK- explorer 'dsolijEt, -3t, ^dsoli^et.

-al-

{Fr

jollify

jolly

'dsabjfai

M3ali

|-ed -d |-ful -fal

|-fied -^faid

Msalati

Ijollity

|-'s

jolt d3olt Ijolted 'dsoltid

Juarez, Juarez 'hwares

Jon d3an
Jonah 'dsona

Jubal 'dsubj, 'dsiubl

Jonas 'd3on3s

-fully -fah j-ous -as

-iz

Juab 'dsiiaeb, 'dsiuasb

Juan 'dsuan, 'dsiiian {Sp xwan)
Juanita wa'nita, wd-, wa- {Sp xwa'nita)

jdsalafa'ke/an

jollification

joy d3Di

Joyce dsais

3l>'lJ8)

{Am Sp

jubilance 'd3ublans, 'dsiu- |-cy

|-'s

Jubilate jdsuba'leti, jd3iu-

Jones dsonz

jubilation jdsubl'e/an, jdsiu-

-iz

jonglery 'dsagglan
jongleur 'dsaggla^;

-ant

jubilee 'd3ublji, 'd3iu-

ES

'dsagglaCr; {Fr 30-

Judaea d3u'dia, d3iu-

|-n

-n

Judah 'd3uda, 'dsiuda

'gloe:r)

jonquil 'dsagkwil, 'd3an-

Judaic d3u'de'ik, dsiu-

Jonson 'dsansn

Judaism 'dsudi^izam, 'dsiu-

|-ian

dsan'sonian

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

Joplin 'dsaplin

judaize 'dsudi^aiz, 'dsiu-

j-s

Joppa 'd3ap3
Jordan 'dgordn; ES 'd333dn
jorum 'dsoram, Msor-; S 'd3or3m

Judas 'd3udas, 'dsm-

-iz

Josepha d3o'sif3 |-phus -fas |-phus's -fasiz

josh dsa/ Ijoshes 'dsajiz [joshed dsajt
ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytiV;

j-'s

-iz j-d -d

Judd dsAd

Joseph Msozaf |-phine 'd30Z3;fm

[full

-i |-ant

jubilate 'dsubl^et, 'dsiu- |-d -id

-iz

Jonathan 'dsanaGan
|-'s

'hwares)

ES

Jude dsud, dsiud

Judea d3u'dia, d3iu- |-n -n
judge d3Ad3 [judges 'dsAdsiz
judgement 'd3Ad3mant

1-d

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

-d

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fiuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan jEden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


Judges

240

justificatory

Judges 'dsAdsiz

jump dsAmp [jumped d3Ampt

judgeship 'dsAdsJip

junco, J- 'd3Ai)ko
junction 'd3Ar)k/3n j-ed -d

judgmatic dsAds'maetik

|-al -1 j-ally -li,

-ikh

judgment 'dsAdsmant
judicable Msudikabl, 'dsiujudicatory

'dsudika^ton,

juncture 'd3AgktJV;

-jton;

^dsiu-,

-jton

judicature ^dsudikat/a^, M31U-;

ES

ES

M3Agktj3(r

June d3un, d3run

Juneau 'd3uno, 'dsiuJungfrau 'jug;frau
jungle 'dsAggl |-d -d

-tj3(r

Juniata jdsuni'aeta, jdsiu-

judiciable dsu'di/iabl, dsiu-

ES

judicial dsu'di/al, dsiu- |-ly -i

junior 'd3unJ3', M3iun-;

judiciary dsuMiJi^en, dsiu-, -^difan

juniority d3un'J3r3ti, d3iun-, -'jar-, -'jnr-

-J3(r

ES

judicious dsu'di/as, dsiu-

juniper 'd3un3p3', 'd3iun-;

Judith 'dsudiG, M31U-

Junius Mjunjas, 'd3iun-, -mas

Judson MsAdsn
Judy Msudi, 'dsiudi
jug d3Ag Ijugged dsAgd

junk d3Agk Ijunked dsAgkt

Juggernaut,

Junker,

ES

'jugka-;

|-'s

ES MsAga-;

|-cd

'jugkaCr

Juno M3uno, 'd3iuno

junta 'd3Ant3 |junto 'dsAnto

-id

juggle

MsAgl

Jupiter 'd3Up3t3^, 'dsiu-;

-d |-ling 'dsAglig, -ghij

I-d

Jugoslav n ^jugo^slav,
Jugoslav adj

jural Msural, 'dsiur- |-ly

-jslaev

'jugo'slav,

-^slaev

('Jugo^slav

-t3(r

-i

jurant 'd3ur3nt, 'dsiurjurassic d3uVaesik, d3iu-

'state)

Jugoslavia 'jugo'slavia, -vja

|-n

jurat 'd3uraet, 'dsiur-

-n

juridical dsu'ridik}, dsiu- |-ly

Jugoslavic jugo'slavik, -'slievjugular MsAgjala^, less freq. 'dsug-;

ES

Jugurtha dju'gyGa;

ES

juice dsus, dsius

-iz |-d -d j-cy -i

jujitsu

ES

Jura 'dsura, 'dsiura {Fr 3y'ra)

jugglery ^dsAgbri

j-s

-b(r

1-ally

juju 'dsudsu |-ism -jizam

j-'s

jd3uris'dikj"3n,

jd3iur-

|-dent -dnt

d3uVistik, dsiu-

juristic

-iz

-1

|-al

ES

juror 'd3ur3', 'dsiuras

Juliana jdsub'aena, ^dsiul-, -ji'aena

jury 'd3uri, 'd3iun j-man

Julien 'd3ulJ3n, M3iulJ3n

jury-rigged 'dsuri^rigd, 'dsiuri-

Msml-, -hat

The freqnerd

modern pron. jd5uh'Et has no basis in Shakespeare's verse.

Gf some 47 occiurences, 43
show only two syllables and initial accent;

cases of three syllables {all highly

emotional) there is no evidence that the last

syllable

had more than secondary

Julius 'dsuljas, 'dsml-

|-'s

July dsu'lai, d3iu- ('Ju^ly

jumble 'd3Ambl

Jumbo,

j-

|-d

accent.

just dsAst, lightly stressed adv often d5ast,

d38st
justice 'd3Astis

-iz |-d -t j-sliip -^Jip

justiciar d3As'tiXi3';

ES

-'tiJi-aCr

justiciary d3As'tiJijri
justifiability jd3Astajfaia'bilati

justificatory
tari;

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|-s

justiciable dsAs'tiJiabl

justification jdsAstafa'ke/an

'first)

-d |-ling 'd3Amblio, -blig

See in full 3-^7.

-r3(r

-man |-men -man

justifiable 'd3Astajfaiabl |-bly -bli

-iz

'd3Ambo

|bath baeO;

-Ii,

Jusserand Fr 3y'sra

julienne jdsuh'en, idsiul-

in the

j-ally

-ikh

Julia 'd3ulJ3, 'd3iul- |-n -n

'd3ulJ3t,

-1

jurist 'd3urist, 'd3icr-

julep 'd3ukp, 'dsiu-, -lap

Juliet

|-al

-h

jurisprudence ^dsuns'prudns, jdsicns'priud-

]-ist -ist

jujutsu d3u'd3itsu, d3iu-

Jukes dsuks, d3iuks

ES + -'kDii-

jurisdiction

dsuMsitsu, dsiu-

-i, -ikli

jurisconsult jdsuriskan'sAlt, jd3iur-, -'kan-

saU;

-'g303, -'gyOa

jujube 'd3ud3ub, 'd3nid3iub {Fr 3y'3yb)

Key:

-iz

junket 'd3Agkit j-ed -id

'dsAga^^nat;

j-

j-

-p3(r

|far

'piti

dsAs'trfakajton,

'd3Astafajke-

EN+-jtari

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg jangn.- 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wotj

(12) |jaw d33 |gorge gard3 |go go

Kazan

241

ustif y

Juvenal 'dsuvanl, 'dsiuv-

justify 'djAstajfai |-fied -jfaid

Justin ^dsAstin |-ian dsAs'tmian

juvenescence jdsuva'nesns, jdsiu- j-ent -nt

Justus MsAstas

juvenile 'dsuvanl, 'dsiu-, -ml, -^nail

|-'s

-iz

juvenility jdjuva'nilati, jdsiu-

Jut dsAt Ijutted 'dsAtid

jute, J- dsut,

dsmt

juxtapose ^dsAksta'poz

j-s

-iz |-d -d

juxtaposition jd3Akst3p3'zij3n

Jutland MsAtland

|-al -1

K
K, k

letter

ke

\pl

K's, Ks, pass

K s ke2

ES

Kaaterskill 'kat^z.kil, 'kat-;

Karakoram

Kabul 'kabul
Kadesh-Barnea 'kede/'bornia; ES

^kara'koram,

KareHa ka'rUia
-

'bam-.

E+ -'barn-

Karl karl;

ES

ka:l,

E+ka:I

Karlsbad 'karlzbaed;

Kaffir, Kafir 'kaefa^;

ES

Kahoka ka'hoka
kaiser, K- 'kaiza'; ES

ES

'ka:lz-,

E + 'ka:lz-;

ES

'ka:Iz-,

E + 'ka:lz-;

{Ger 'karlsbat)

'kaefaCr

Karlsruhe 'karlzrua;

{per 'korlsru-.a, -'ru:a)

'kaiz3(r

karma 'karma, 'ks^ma; ES 'ka:ma, 'ksma.

Kalamazoo ^kaelama'zu

'kyma; {Hind 'kArma)

kale kel

Karnak

kaleidoscope ks'laida^skop
kaleidoscopic ka^laida'skapik;
l-al -1 l-ally -li,

ES+-

sknp-;

'karnaek;

ES

'ka:-,

Kaskaskia kaes'kaeskia

Kalkaska kael'kaeska
Kallyope 'calliope' 'kaebiOp
Kalmuck, k-, -muk 'kaebnAk

Katahdin ka'tadin, -dn

|-d

Kate, k- ket

Katharina jkaeOa'rina
Katharine

-d

'kaeOrin,

'kteGarm

Kama 'kama

katharsis ka'Oarsis;

Kamchatka kaem'tjaetka
Kamerun jkaema'run (Ger jkama' ru:n)
Kanaka ka'naeka, 'kaenaka
Kanawha ka'nawa

Katherine 'kaeGrin, 'kaeGarin

Kanchanjanga jkantX3n'd3agga
Kandahar jkaenda'hctr, ^kAnda-; ES

Katrine 'kaetnn,

Kathleen
Kathrine
-'ha:(r

'kaeGlin

Kattegat

'kaeGrin, 'kaeGann
'kaetrin,

Sc 'kat-

'kaetiigaet, jkaeti'gaet

'kaufman)

S+- zis;

-an -an

|-sas' -as, -IS

kaent {Ger kant) |-ian -lan |-ism -izam

kaoliang ^kaoh'aeg

kaoUn, -ine 'keahn

kapok 'kepak, 'ksepak; ES+-pnk

kappa 'kaepa
ful jtooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

Kaukauna ka'kana
Kavanagh 'kaeva^na, -na
Kavanaugh 'kaevajna, -na
kay ke
Kay ke
kayak 'kaiaek
Kaye ke jKaye-Smith 'ke'smiG

|-ianism -lanjizam

|full

E+-'6a:s-

Kauai jka-u'a-i
Kauffman 'kafman [Kaufman 'kafman {Ger

Kankakee jk^gka'ki

Kant

-'Oa:s-,

katydid 'ketijdid |-dided -jdidid

|-ed -d

'kaenzss, rarely -sas;

ES

kathode 'kaeOod

Kandy 'kaendis %anKane ken

kangaroo ^kaegga'ru

-'mia(r; |-ian

-ran

Kalevala jkabVola

kalsomine 'kjelsa^main

E + 'ka:-

Karroo, Karoo, k- ka'ru, kae'ru

Kashmir India kaej'imr; ES

-ikh

kalends 'kaelindz, -andz, -nz

Kansas

EN+

^kaera-;

-'karam

-taz-

Kazan ka'zan

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish d^J" [vision 'visan

[Eden

'idif

hau

[cradle 'kred| [keep

[toy tai

'em

'kipip

Kean

Keswick

242

Kenmore US 'kenmor, -mar; ES

Kean, -e kin
Kearny, -ey 'karni; ES
Kearsarge 'kirsards;
-sa:d3;

l-'s

Keats
Keble

kits

Kedar

'klda^;

ES

'ki3sa:d3,

E+

Kennebunkport jkenabAok'port

'kibl

Kennedy 'kenadi
kennel 'kenl

j-ed -d |-ly 'kenli

Kennedy 'kena-b; ES
Kennesaw 'kena^sD

Kedron 'kidrsn
keel kil keeled kild [-less 'killis
1

'kii-

ES

-'skwa(r,

|-ness 'kinnis

keep kip |kept kept |-sake 'kip^sek

keno 'kino
Kenora ka'nora,

Keewatin ki'watin, -'wntkeg kEg L.A. shows that keg

Kenosha ka'nqfa
Kenova ka'nova

Keene kin

6" less freq. kaeg

Keighly Yks 'kiGh

Keijo 'ke'dso

Keith kie
-ly,

\el^; ES

'kela(r

k- 'keli Ikelhed 'kehd

Kellogg 'kebg, -ag, -og

Kelmscot 'kemskat (Kelm- J274, Kemscott
kelp kslp

kepi 'kepi

Kepler

ES

'keplsr;

kelpie,

-py 'kelpi

keratin 'keratin

Kelsey

'kelsi

kerb kyb;

|-ist -ist

ES

'keltaCr

Keltic 'ksltik |-ally -h, -ikh

Kelticism 'keltajSizam

ES

ksn, kyn;

|-ed -d

Kernahan, -no- 'kyna/hten, 'kar-; ES

Kemal ka'mal, 'kemal

kemb kem |kembed kemd or kempt kempt
Kemble 'kembl
Kemmerer 'kemara^; ES 'kemaraCr
kemp, K- kemp
Kempis 'kempis |-'s -iz
ken ken kenned ksnd
Kendal, -11 'kendl |-ville

Kenilworth 'kEnljwyG;

'ky-, 'ka:-,

'ks-,

E + 'ka:-

kernel 'kynl; E-S 'ksnl, 'kynl; |-ed -d

kernelless 'kynlhs;

ES

'ksn-, 'kyn-

kerosene 'kera^sin, jkera'sin

Kerr ky, kar; ES ksd, ky,

Kerry 'ken

|-d

-d

ka:(r, E-t-ka:(r

K- 'kyzi; ES 'kszi, 'kyzi

Kershaw ky'/a; ES ks-, kykersey,

-jVil

Kenedy 'ksnadi
Kenelm 'kenalm, -elm

Kesteven Lines 'kestivan, /oc.+kes'tivan

kestrel 'kestral

ES

See in full 3^7.

ksb, kyb; -stone -jSton

-IZ

kern kyn;

|-cist -sist

Kelvin 'kelvin

|bath baeS;

ES

kerchief 'kyt/if;

kelson 'kelsn

Kc^:

'kepla(r

ES 'ks-, 'ky-; j-s -s !-ed -t

kerf kyf, karf; ES kaf, kyf, ka:f, E+ka:
kermes 'ks^miz; ES 'ksm-, 'kymkermis, -mess 'kymis; ES 'ksm-, 'kym-; ]-es

Kelso 'kelso

kelter 'kelta^;

j-kian -an

kept kept, before some conss. +kep ('kep'takig)

Ker, -rr ky, kar; ES k3(r, ky, ka:(r, E + ka:(r

1695), 'kelm-

Kelt kelt

-'nara; S -'nora

Kenton 'kentan
Kentucky kan'tAki, /oc. +ken'tAki
Kenya 'kenja, /oc. + 'kinia
Kenyon 'kenjan
Keokuk 'kla^kAk

Keightley 'kith

Kelley,

-'skwasr;

-'skwasa(r

Kensington 'kenziijtan
Kent kent |-ish -ij

are used by cultured informants.

Kellar, -er

'kenali

Kenneth 'keniG
Kennett Square 'kenit'skwEr,

keelhaul 'kil^hal |-ed -d

keelson 'klsn,

ES

-'port;

-'poat, E-K-'paat

'kidaCr

kedge keds |kedges 'kedsiz |kedged kedsd

kedgeree 'ked33jri, ^kedsaVi

keen kin

'River)

Kennebunk jkena'bAgk

-iz

ES

E+

Kennan 'kenan
Kennebec jkena'bek ('Kennejbec

-iz

|-'s

-moafr,

-mD3(r; Scotl Ken'more

E + 'ka:ni

'ka:ni,

-jW30,

jW3^G

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

Keswick 'kezik
'piti (6)

|rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg langrs' 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wDtJ

(12) |jaw Ay |gorge gards |go go

kindle

243

ketch

K- ketf

ketch,

Kilauea jkilau'ea

]-es -iz

ketchup 'ketjap

Kildare kil'der, -'daer;

ketene

kilderkin 'kilda^kin;

'kitin

ketone 'kiton

K-

kettle,

i-drum -jdrAm

'ketl

kilerg 'kiljS'g;
'kitl,

a his-

torical variant, is still not infrequently heard.

Keturah

Keuka

Kew

km

|-'s

-^bord,

jbord;

ES

Key West

Kilmer

'kilma^;

-'mEn

ES

'kilm3(r

The

{so in the

kiln in the

kiln-dry 'lul^drai -dried -^draid

|

-^poat,

E + -iP33t

kilo 'kilo, 'ki-

'kibikaebn

kilocalorie

kilocycle 'kil3jsaikl

'kijston j-d -d

kilogram,

'ki'west

-mme

'kib^graem

khaddar 'kAda^; ES 'kAdaCr

kilometer,

khaki 'kaki, 'kaeki |-ed -d

ES

kilowatt-hour

-lal, -jal

much

less

freq.

-J

-^wot-;

ES

wot

'kib^wat'aur,

-'au3(r

kai'am, -'aem, -'jam, -'jaem

ka'div j-vial

-jlit3(r

-t3(r, -'loin-

kilowatt 'kibjwat,

Kharkov 'karkDf, -kf ES 'ka:-, E + 'ka:Khartoum, -turn kar'tum; ES ka:-. E+ka:-

ES

'kil3/mit3^,

-tre

ki'lam3t3*;

khan, K- kan, kaen

K-

1470

Milne.

-iz

kiloliter, -tre 'kibjita^;

Khayyam

E+

-'ma:n-,

n sound was lost from

same way as it was from ell, mill,

1611 Bible)

|-'s

ES

spelt kill since

Kezia, -h ka'zaia

khedive,

E + -'la:ni

-'la:ni,

-'ma:n-

kiln kil, kiln

-iz

Keyport 'ki^port, -^pDrt; ES

Keyser 'kaiz*; ES 'kaiz3(r

K-

ES

killjoy 'kil(d33i

'ki^not, -'not

keystone,

'cats)

kild |-able -abl

kill kil Ikilled

Kilmarnock kil'marn3k;

'ki^maen, -'maen |-men -jinEn,

keynote

-flg, -^yg

Killigrew 'kib^gru, -igriu

keyhole 'ki^hol

Keynes kenz

-'dae3(r

Killiecrankie /kili'kraegki

kiz, kaiz

keyman

ES

killdeer 'kilidir;ES -jdi3(r, S + -jdE3(r, -jdje3(r

Kewanee ka'wani, -'wnni

Kewaunee ka'wani
Keweenaw 'kiwi^nD
key, K- ki j-ed -d |-board
-jboad, E+-jb33d
Keyes

-'dE3(r,

'kilda-

Kilkenny kil'ksni ('Kil^kenny

Killarney ki'larni;

ki'tjura, -'tiura

ki'juka, 'kjuka

kju,

ES

ES

Kilpatrick kil'paetrik

-viate -lit

kilt kilt Ikilted 'kiltid

Khmer kmer; ES kme3(r

Khyber 'kaiba^; ES 'kaib3(r

kilter 'kilta^;

Kiangsu

Kimbolton
kim'boltn, NC 'kimblt3n.
Hunts kim'boltn, /orwe/'Zy 'kimlt3n {Shak.

Kim kim

'kjaeo'su {Chin 'dsjag'su)

Kiaochow 'kjau't/au {Chin 'dsjau'dso)

ES -S3(r
ES + -dX

kibitzer 'kibitsa^, ka'bit-;

kick kik |-ed

-t

|-back -jbaek

kin

j-ofE - of, -jOf

kickshaw 'kik/a
kickup 'kikjAp

kin'kardin,

kindergarten 'kinda^jgartn;

E+-jga:tn;

-'ha:t-; ('kind-hearted

'kind3jga:tn;

ES

ES

-tn3(r

-'ha:t-,

E+

'man)

kindle 'kindl |-d -d |-ling -dlig, -dlig

kl'Ev, -'eI, 'kiEv, -Ef

ES

|-tner, -tener -tna^;

kindhearted 'kamd'hartid;

Kiel kil

tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

-'ka:d-.

Kinchinjunga jkint/in'dsAgga
kind kaind

-t

kidskin 'kidjskm

full ful

ES

kig-;

E + -'ka:d-

Kidron 'kidran

km

kinaesthesia ^kims'Oiss, -zi3 |-thetlc -'GEtik

Kincardine
-i

Kidd kid

Kiev

ES -bab

Kincaid kin'ked, kig'ked

kid kid Ikidded 'kidid i-dy

kidnap 'kidnajp l-(p)ed

kidney 'kidm

'kilt3(r

Kymmalton)
kimono k3'mon3, -no

kibe kaib |kibed kaibd

kibosh 'kaiba/, ki'baj;

ES

|-ball -bl |-berley -ba^li;

ES

'f3t53

[custom 'kAst3m while hwarl |how hau |toy

|

tai

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dif [vision 'vi33n |Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Kirkcudbright ky'kubn;

kindling n 'kindlig

kindness 'kaindnis, 'kainms

kam

kinematic jkina'maetik

j-al -1 j-ally -li, -ikli

E + -jgraf,

kinesthesia jkinis'Gisa, -zia |-thetic -'Gstik

kinetic ki'netik, kai-

[-al -1

[ally

-li, -ikli

ES 'ksk-, 'kykES 'ksm-, 'kym-; |-es

Kirtland 'kytland; ES 'kst-, 'kytkirtle 'kytl; ES 'kstl, 'kytl; |-d -d
kismet 'kizmet,

-iz

'kis-

kist kist
kit,

K-

kit l-ty -i

kitcat 'kit/kaet

kinfolk 'kin,fok

K-

kitchen,

K- kig

kingbird 'kig^byd;

ES

'kit/in,

Kitchener, k-

-^bsd, -^byd

kingbolt 'kig,bolt

kitchenette

kingcraft 'kig^kraeft; E+-jkraft, -^kroft

kitchenware

kingdom 'kigdam
Kingdon 'kigdan

Kitchin

ES

'kitjin^wer,

Kittanning ki'tsenig

'kigzjberi,

Kitta tinny

-ban

jkita'tini

kitten 'kitn

Kingsley 'kigzli

Kittery

The pron. ^hitan is substatidard.

'kitari

Kittitas 'kitijtaes

-e 'kig-stan, 'kigz'tan, 'kigks-

|-'s

Kingstown 'kigzjtaun
kink kigk [kinked kigkt Ikinky ^kigki
Kinkaid kin'ked, kig'ked

kittiwake 'kitijwek

kinkajou 'kigka^dsu

kitty,

K-

Kitty

Hawk

kin'ras,

-Vd-,

-'ros

-Ja^;

ES

|-ross-shire

Kittredge 'kitrids

-Vasfir,

Klaeber

Klamath

kinsman, K- 'kinzman ]-men -man

'kinzjwuman,

-jwu-

'kitijhak

|-wanis -nis

'kleba^;

ES

'kkbaCr

'kltemaO

kleptomania jkkpta'menia

|-niac

-'meiUjak

klieg klig

ES + -'Dsk, -osk

Klingsor 'kligzor, -zar;

places 'kaiawa

Kiowa, -way Indian 'kaiajwe, -wa

Kluge Ger

ES 'kipa(r; |-ed -d
Kirby 'kybi; ES 'ksbi, 'kybi
Kirghiz kir'giz; ES kia-; |-'s -iz
kirk, K- kyk; ES ksk, kyk
Kirkby 'kykbi, 'kybi; ES 'ks-, 'kykipper 'kipa^;

kySee in full 3^7.

-zoa(r,

E+-z3a{r
{Ger

'klap/tak)

Kipling 'kiplig

Kirkcaldy ky'kaldi, -'kadi, -'kadi;

ES

Klondike 'klandaik; ES + 'klnnKlopstock 'klapstak; ES + 'klopstnk;

Kioto 'kjoto

|Kittyhawk

KleinSmid, von fan'klainjsmid

|-women

-jWimin, -an

|bath baeO;

'kiti'hak

kiwi 'kiwi

kinship 'kinjip

US

-iz

kiva 'kiva

kinsfolk 'kinz^fok

kiosk ki'ask, 'kaiask;

|-'s

'kiti

Kiwanian ka'wanian, -'won-

-JiaCr, -JaCr

'kinsi, -zi

kinswoman

-iz

kittle 'kitl

kinnikinnick, -kinic jkinika'nik

-'raj/-,

-jwaer;

-an-,

-jwaea(r

'kitjin

kingship 'kigjip

Kinross

-na(r

kithkiG

kingpin 'kig^pin

Kingston,

ES

-an-

jkitj'in'et,

kite kait kited 'kaitid

-^fiJaCr

kinglet 'kiglit

Kingsbury

-an

'kit/ina', -ana^, -t/na^;

ES

-jwea(r,

kingfisher 'kigjfi/a';

Key:

]-shire

kiss kis Ikisses 'kisiz |kissed kist

-igraf

Kiowa

ky-;

Kirkland 'ka-kland;

kinematograph jkina'maetajgraef;

Kinsey

ES ks-,

-Jia(r, -/a(r

kirmess 'kynus;

ES + 'ipoks

|-pox -^paks;

kinema 'kinama

king,

ES

-Jir, -JV;

|-es -iz

kindred 'kindrid, -ad

kine

knead

244

kindling

scholar 'kluga;

Eng

jiaine

kluds,

kliuds

knack naek |knacked naekt

knag naeg |knagged 'naegid |-gy -i
knap naep knapped naept |-sack -jSek
knar nar; ES na:(r, E+na:(r; |-red -d |-ry
knave nev ]-d -d |-ry -an, -n |-ship -/ip
knead nid [kneaded 'nidid
|

ES

ks-,

-i

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) [rate ret |yet Jt |sang saeg Iangr\- 'feg-gn
baO (10) lah a Ifar far Iwatch watf, wntf (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go


knee

Krakatao

245

ny; ES

knee ni kneed nid |-cap -jkaep

knur,

knee-deep

knurl nyl;

'ni'dip ('knee-jdeep 'clover)

'ni^paed |-pan -jpaen

Kobe

knell nel knelled neld

|

Kneller

ES 'ndad

'nela^;

nju,

nm, nu

ES

knicker 'luka^;

Knickerbocker,

'nikaCr; [-ed -d

k-

ES ^mka-

'nika^jbaka^;

n naif

naivz)

\pl

[knife's naifs {in

knives naivz

naivz for knife's

ny;

[-(r)ed -d

'kobi

'kodi^ajk

-ri

Koekeritz 'kkarits

Shak. knives

Koheleth ko'hehO

The pronunciation

is the older possessive

singu-

|-'s

-iz

-'nua(r

K-

kol [Kohlan 'kolan

ES

knife v naif [knifes naifs [knifed naift

Kohler

knifeful 'naif^ful

kohlrabi 'kol^rabi, 'kol'rabi

[-s

-z

Kokomo

-ri

knighthood 'nait-hud
see knife

knockout 'nak^aut;

ES + 'nok-;
ES + 'nok-

knoll nol |-ed -d [-y

-i

[-d -'nid

|-d

koodoo 'kudu
Kootenay, -nai 'kutn^e
kopeck, -pek 'kopek

kopje 'kapi;

ES + 'kopi
ES koa(r,

kosher 'koJV;

ES

E-t-kaaCr

-zi-

'koJa(r

Kossuth ka'suG, ko- {Hung 'ko/ut)

kotow ko'tau [-ed -d
koumis,

-ss,

-yss

'kumis

[-ville

-vil;

kraal kral [kraaled krald

kraft kraeft; E+kraft, kraft

Kraft,

-d [-ling -klig, -khg

-fft

kraft, krjeft

knucklebone 'nAkl,bon

Krag krag, kraeg

Knudsen 'nudsn,

Krakatao jkraka'tao

[full

-jbyg;

-jbsg,

kowtow kau'tau, ko- [-ed -d

Koyukuk ka'jukuk, ko-

-iz

know-nothing,

knuckle 'nAkj

ES

{Ger 'k0:niksjberk)

Koussevitzky jkusa'vitski

[-able -abl [-bly -bli

K-N- 'nOjnA0ig
Knox naks; ES+noks; j-'s -iz
S + -vl

ES + 'kog-

Konigsberg 'kenigz^byg;

Korzybski kar'zibski; ES kaaKosciusko ;kasi'Asko; ES-t-^kos-; mt.

[-ted -id [-ty -i

Knott nat; ES+not

knout naut [knouted 'nautid
know no [knew nju, niu, nu [known non
knowledge 'nalidg; ES-t-'nul-; [-s -iz |-d -d
|-'s

'kaggo;

-an.

Koran ko'ran, -'raen

Korea India 'korijO, 'kar-; S 'korKorea Japan ko'ria, ka-; S ko-; [-n -n

knothole 'natjhol; ES-h'nnt-

Knowles nolz

Kongo

kor kor, kar;

knop nap; ES+nop; [-ped -t [-py -i

Knossus 'nasas; ES + 'nos-; [-sus' -sas
knot nat; ES-t-nnt;

'koka^mo

Komintern jkamin'tyn, 'kamin^tyn; ES

-s'n, -Dm-

knob nab; ES+nnb; [-bed -d, -id |-by -i

knobble 'nabl; ES + 'nubl; [-d -d [-hng -bho.
-bhg [bly -bli, -bli
Knoblock 'nablak; ES-t-'noblok
knock nak; ES+nok; [-ed -t [-about -a^baut
knockdown 'nak,daun; ES-i-'nokknock-knee 'nak^ni;

'kob(r

kola 'kola

knit nit [knit nit or knitted 'nitid

knives naivz knive's naivz

'kola^;

koine 'kaini, -ni

knight nait [knighted 'naitid |-age -idg

knight-errant 'nait'erant [-ry

ES

Kohinoor, -nur ^ko-i'nur;

Koh-i-noor,

kohl,

lar.

'korbalt)

Koch Ger kax; 'Assamese^ kotj [-es^otjiz

Kodak 'kodaek kodaked 'kodakt
Kodiak

ibak3(r, -jbnk-; |-ed -d

knickknack 'nik^naek -ery -an,

knife

n3(r,

nsl, nyl; [-ed -d

Koblenz 'kobknts [-'s -iz

kobold 'kobald, -bold, -bold {Ger
Kobuk ko'buk

knelt nelt

knew

ES

Knut ka'nut, -'niut, -'niut = Canute

knut 'nut' humorous ka'nAt
Knutsford 'uAtsfa'd; ES 'nAtsfad

knee-high 'ni'hai
kneel nil [knelt nelt or kneeled nild

kneepad

-rr

'niudsn, 'njudsn

ful jtooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fstSa

[custom 'kAStam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

Krakow
Krakow

Kufic 'kjufik, 'kiu-

'kreko, 'kraekau {Pol 'krakuf)

Krapotkin

Ku-Klux, Kuklux 'kju^klAks,

city kra'patkin, -'pot-

kraut kraut

'kiu-

ES

kultur

'kultur;

ES

{Ger kul'tu:r)

-tua(r;

kumiss 'kumis

Kresge 'kr8sgi, 'kreski

ES

kreutzer, K-, kreuz- 'kroitsa^;

kiimmel 'kiml {Ger 'kymal)

kumquat 'kAmkwat, -kwot

'kr3its3(r

Kreymborg 'krembarg; ES -baag

Kundry 'kundri
Kuomintang 'kwonun'taeg, 'gwo-, -'tag
Kurath, Hans 'haens'kjuraeO, -'kiu-, 'hans-

kriegspiel 'krig^spil

Kriemhild 'krimhild (Ger 'krirmhilt)

Krimhild 'krimhild

'kurat

kris kris |krises 'krisiz

Krishna 'krijna |-ism -jizam

Kurd kyd, kurd; ES ksd, kyd, kuad

|-ist -ist

Kurdistan

Kriss Kringle 'kris'kriggl

krona 'krona {Sw 'kruma)

jkydi'stsn,

jkur-,

Kure 'kure

krone 'krone \Dan pi kroner 'kroner

Kuril 'kuril |-ian ku'rilian, -Ijan

Kropotkin anarchist kra'patkin, -'potKruger 'kruga^; ES 'kruga(r

Kurland 'kurland; ES 'kua-

Krupp

Kwangsi

'kwaeg'si,

'gwag-

Kwangtung China 'kwaeg'tAg, 'gwag'dug

Kwantung Manchuria 'kwaen'tAg, 'gwan-

Krutch krutj |-'s -iz

krypton 'kriptan, -ton

'dug

'kjaetrija

Kubelik 'kubahk

Kweichow

Khan Chin rider 'kublai'kan

Kubla Kahn poem 'kubla'kan

Kyd

kudos 'kjudas, -dos,

Kyrie eleison

Kublai

'kwe't/au, 'gwe'dso

kid

Kyoto, Kio- 'kjoto

'kiu- ]-ed -t

'kiri^i

a'leasn

Kythera 'kiGara

kudu 'kudu

laborious la'borias, -'bar-; S -'bor-

Ls, poss L's elz

letter el \pl L's,

music la Fr
;

laager 'catnp' 'laga^;

ES

laborite,

article la

'laga(r; \-ed -d

L-

'leba^rait

labor-saving

'leba-

^sevig

ES

label 'lebl j-ed -d |-ing 'leblig, 'leblig

ES
laburnum la'bynam; ES

labellum la'belam

labyrinth 'laeba^rmO j-ths -8s

Laban

Labrador

'leban

|-la

-'bela

labialize 'lebialjaiz

j-s

-iz \-d

lace les [laces 'lesiz

|-ed -d

|-ing

-brig.

laboratory 'laebrajtori, 'laebara-, -bri-.

-]tari;

-ba(r;

-bang

laches

ES

bee bi |pity

baO (10) iah a

|-sis'

-sis

lachrymal 'laekraml

'lebara(r

See in full 3-47.

bath baeG;

'laetjiz

Lachesis 'laekasis

laborer 'lebara^;

laced lest

lacerate 'laesa^ret |-d -id |-tion jlaesa'refan

-jtori

Key:

Lacedaemon jlaesa'diman
Lacedaemonian ,laesadi'monian, -njan

|-bia -bia

ES

-'bsn-, -'ba^n-

lac laek

labile 'lebl, -bil

labor 'leba^;

'leba-

-,daa(r

labyrinthine jlaeba'nnein, -6in

-d

labiate adj 'lebijct, -but

labium 'lebiam

'lasbra^dar;

labyrinthian jiaeba'rineian

labial 'lebial |-ly -i

ES

Kutztovv'n 'kutSjtaun

krAp, krup (Ger krup)

la intj la, la

-'stun;

jkad-, jkyd-, jkuad-

-nor -nor

\pl

krone 'krona \Ger pi kronen 'kronan

L,

-iz

kulak ku'Iak |-ism -izam

'kraisl3(r

K- 'krmlin

Kshatriya

|-es

|-ed -t

Kreisler 'kraisla^;

kremlin,

lachrymal

246

[far

far

'piti
|

(6) |rate ret

watch

Ij^et

jet |sang saeg |angr\- 'aeg-gri

watj", wotj" (12) |jaw

dsa [gorge gards

|go

go

laminate

247

lachrymatory
lachrymatory 'laekramajtori,

-itari;

-^tori

lag laeg lagged laegd

|

ES

lachrymose 'laekrajmos

lager 'cafnp' 'laga-;

laciniate la'sinijet, -it |-ated -jctid

lager beer 'laga*, 'bga^;

lack laek lacked laekt

Lagerlof

lackadaisical jlaeka'dezikl

|-ly -i,

laggard

-ikh

Sw

-g3(r; [-ed -d

ES

ES

'laega^d;

'lajgad

lagniappe, -gnap- laen'jaep, 'Isenjaep

lackaday 'laekajde

Lackawanna JaekaVana, -'wona

lagoon

lackey

La Guardia b'gwardia,

'laeki j-ed

-d

ES

lackluster, -tre 'laekjAsta^;

Laconia Is'konia

|-n

|-ally -ji,

ES

-3(r; |-ed

-'hor;

ES

-'ho3(r,

E+-'h33(r

laic 'le-ik |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

-d j-ing 'laekang.

|-'s

ES

ES

-'tamataCr, -'tom-

lacustrine

|-s

le3(r,

ES

Sc lerd;

-d

laeaCr; |-ed

lead,

ES

laead

-'f3(r.

{Fr kse'feir)

laity 'leati, 'le-iti

la'hAnta

{Am Sp

la'hunta)

lake lek

-z |-nae -ni

b'kAstrm

Lalla Rooldi 'lala'nik, Brit 'laeb'ruk

L'Allegro la'legro {It lal'le:gro)

'lesi
|

-'faea(r;

La Junta

lactone 'laekton |-tose -tos

lacuna b^kjuns, -'kiu-

laer;

laissez faire, laisser jlese'fer, -'faer;

lacteal 'laektial lactic 'laektik

lactometer laek'tamata^ ;

kr,

laird lerd, laerd,

-iz

lactate 'laektet |-d -id |-tation laek'tejan

lad laed

lain pptc of He len

lair

L- la'kros, -'kros

lacrosse,

laddie Uaedi

'laeda-;

ES

-daCr; j-ed -d |-ing

-dang,

-drig

lade led \past -d -id \ppic -d -id or laden 'ledn

laden v 'ledn |-ed -d |-ing 'lednig, Uednig

US

Ladoga Finl Uadoga,

lam laem |-med -d

lama 'lama

Lamar b'mar; ES la'ma:(r, E + -'ma:(r

Lamarck la'mark; ES -'ma:k, E+-'ma:k;
|-ian -lan

{Fr la'mark)

lamasery 'lamajSri

ladle 'ledl |-d -d |-ling 'ledlig, Uedlig

lamb laem [lambed laemd lambing 'laemig

places la'doga

ladrone b'dron, Sc 'laedran

lambaste laem'best

lady Uedi ladies, ladies', lady's 'lediz

lambda 'laemda
lambency 'laembansi

ladybird 'ledi^b^d;

ES

-ibsd, -^byd

Lambeth

ladybug UedijbAg

ES -g3(r
ES -l9(r

lady-killer 'ledijkila^;

lambrekin 'laemba^jkin, 'laembra-;

ladylove UedijUv

ES -p3(r
lady's-slipper Uediz,sbp3^; ES -p3(r
Laertes li'ytiz, le-; ES -'stiz, -'s^tiz;

'laem-

lambskin 'laem^skin
lame lem lamed lemd

lady-slipper 'ledi^slipa^;

La Farge Wiai's, commonly Anglic,

ES -'fa:-, E + -'fa:-; |-'s -iz

Lamech

'lemak,

b'mela

|-tes' -tiz

lamella

la'fards;

lament la'ment

-mek
j-s

-z |-lae -'meli

|-ed -id

lamentable 'laemantabl |-bly -bli

Lafayette Fr general Jafi'tt {Fr lafa'JEt),

US

places pron. variously jlaefi'(j)t, jlefi'(i)t.

b'fe(j)it

Lafeu, Shak. Lafew b'fju, -'fiu

ES

ba-, -bra-

ladyship 'ledi,Jip

ful

|-bent -bant

'laembiO, -baO, -beO

lamblike 'laemjlaik

ladyhke Uedi^laik

La Follette b'falit; ES + -'fDlLa Fontaine lafan'ten, -fon- {Fr

|-d -id

lambkin 'laemkin

ladyfinger Uedi^figga^;

[full

-a:d-.

laid past cr pptc of lay led

'laeka^;

Uaekng

ladder

ES

-'gar-;

la'gwardja)

(//

Lahore b'hor,

-n

-ikh
lacquer

lacy

la 'gun

E+-a:d-;

-t3(r

L- b^kaiuk; ES+-'kDn-;

laconic,

-g3(r

'Ia:g3rjl0:v

lamentation ilaeman'tejan

La Mesa b'mesa |Lamesa la'mlsa

Lamia poem 'lemia; Gk town b'mia,
lamina 'lamana

|-s

'lemia

-z 1-nae -jnl |-nar -na^;

ES

-n3(r
lafo'ten)

tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fstSa

laminate adj 'laemanit, -,net

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan jEden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

'em

tai

'kipip

laminate

Laplace

248

laminate

'laemajnet \-d -id |-tion ^laema-

Landseer
Land's

'nejan

Lammas Uaemas |-tide -jtaid

Lammermoor 'laema^iinur; ES

ES

-si3(r

'laendz'end, 'laenz-

landskip arck. 'landscape' 'laendskip

'laema^muaCr;

landslide 'laend, slaid, 'Isenlandslip 'laend^shp, 'laen-

(Sc jlamar'muir)

Lammermuir

'laendsir, 'laen-;

End

'laema^jinjur, -jiniur;

ES 'laema-

jmju3(r, -jmiU3(r; (5c jlamar'mjuir)

landsman 'laendzman, 'laenz- j-men -man

landward 'laend wa^d; ES 'laend wad; |-s -z

Lamont b'mant; ES + -'inDnt

lane len

lamp laemp lamped laempt

lampad 'laempaed

Lanfranc

'laenfraegk

lampblack 'laemp^blaek

Langlade

'liegled

Lanett b'nst

lamplight 'laempjlait

Lampman

|-ed -t

ES

|-er -a^;

'laempman

lampoon laem'pun

{Fr la'glad)

Langland 'laegbnd
Langley 'laegh
Langmuir 'laegmjur, -miur; ES

-3(r

|-ed -d

-afr

lamppost 'laemp/post

langsyne 'laeg'sain, in the song cjtcn -'zain

Lamprecht 'laemprekt {Ger 'lamprExt)

lamprey 'laempri
Lanark 'laena^k; ES 'laenak; |-shire -Jir,

Langtree, -try

ES

-/a^;

variously

'laenjkaesta'

ES

|-s

'laegkasta^,

Uaeijikaesta^,

-t3(r

Lancastrian laso'kaestrian
lance laens; E+lans, lans;

Lancelot 'lasnsabt,

j-s -iz |-d -t

'Ian-, -Jat;

ES+'^lot

languish 'laeggwij

|-es -iz |-ed -t

'laegga^;

lank laegk

|-ily 'laegkli, -ili

Lansing

'laensig

ES

land laend landed 'laendid

lantern 'laenta^n;

landau 'laendD

lanthanum 'laenOanam

'laentan

lanthorn arch. sp. 0/ lantern

landfall 'lasnd.fal, 'la;n-

E+-jgrant,

Uaen-;

'lajndjgrtent,

|-ous -as, -gras

lanolin 'laenalin |-line -lin, -,lin

Lansdowne 'laenzdaun

lanyard

'laenja-d;

ES

'laenta^n;

ES

ES + -'Dk-

'laend, grev, 'laen-

landgravine 'laendgr3,vin,
landholder 'laend jholda^;

landlady 'l^endjedi,

Laodamia Jeoda'maia

'laen-

ES

Laodicea Jeada'sb,

-^holdaCr

,leo-,

le,ada'sio;

Laomedon le'ama,dan, -'omajdon, -dan

ES + -,lDkt
landlord 'laend ,brd, 'lajn-; ES -jbad
landlubber 'laend jUba^; ES -jUbaCr
landmark 'laend ,mark, 'laen-; ES

lap laep lapped laept

landlocked 'laendjakt;

-;ma:k,

E+-jma:k
|-s

-iz

Landor 'laenda^, -dor; ES -d3(r, -d33(r

landowner 'laendjona^; ES -j0n3(r
'laend 'pur,

'laen-;

ES

landscape 'laenskep, 'laend-

-jbard;

'laep,bord,

-'pu3(r.

|-d -t

ES

-jboad.

E + -,baad
lapful 'laepjful

j-s

b'peld

-z

lapidary 'laepajden
lapin 'laepin {Fr la 'pa)
lapis lazuh 'laepis'laezjajlai, -ju'laepijOi

Laplace b'plaes,

lae- |-'s -iz

{Fr la'plas)

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet Jt [sang sg langr>' 'ieg-gri
baO (10) |ah a [far far |watch wat/, wotj (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

See in full 3-47.

la'pas)

lapboard

Lapithe

-'po3(r, -'p33(r

|bath baeG;

La Paz b'pas {Am Sp

lapel b'pel |lapelled

land-office 'laendpfis, -^nfis, -^afis

land-poor

ES+

-,Dd-; |-n -n

'laen-

landless 'laendhs

Key:

-tan

'laenjad

Laocoon le'akajwan, -,WDn, -ko,an, -jon;

-jgrant

landgrave

-'db:j

ES 'laegga(r;
laniard 'laenja^d; ES 'laenjad
Lanier b'nir; ES -'nia(r
languor

lanceolate 'laensialit, -Jet

short for Lancashire laegks

-d

languid 'laeggwid

Lanes

land-grant

-iz |-d

langue d'oc, L- Fr lag'dak

langue d'oil Fr lag'dail,

-i/i3(r, -S3(r

Lancashire 'laegkaj/ir, -JV; ES -;Ji3(r, -X3(r

Lancaster Engd 'laegkasta^ ES -t3(r; US
places

'laegtri

language 'laeggwids


Latrobe

249

La Place

Words below in which a before r (farm) is sounded a are often pronounced in E with a (fa:in)
Words below that have se before r (carry 'kaeriX.are often pronounced in N with e ('ken, 94)

La

Place la 'pies

Las Casas las'kasas (Sp las'kasas)

-iz

|-'s

Lapland 'laep^laend
Laplander 'laepilaenda', -bnda';

La Plata b'plata (Sp

Lapp lap
lappet

Lascelles 'laeslz, b'selz

ES

la'plata)

-iz (Lassells

Las Cruces las'krusis

(Am Sp

lash laef [lashes

[lashed laeft

'lae/iz

las'kruses)

lapse laeps [lapses 'laepsiz [lapsed laepst

lassitude 'laes3itjud, -jtiud, -^tud

lapsus linguae 'laepsas'liggwi

lasso 'laeso, older lae'su [-ed -d

Laputa b'pjuta, -'pm-

last n, adj, v laest;

|-tan -tn

lapwing 'laepjWig

ES

lar lar;

la:(r; \Latin pi lares 'leriz

\Eng pi

latchet

'laerami

larboard 'larba^d, -jbord, -jbord;

ES

'laibad.

E+-jb33d

larcener 'larsna^;

ES

'la:sn3(r; j-cenous -snas

Laredo b'redo,

ES

lath

ES

ES

'lards'hartid

'la:d3-; ('large-

ES 'lardsis; j-es, -s
ES la:-; {It lar'getto)

-iz

'la:go

Lamed

la:k; |-ed -t

'lamid;

ES

ES

'la:kjsp3(r, -jspy

Lars Porsena 'larz'porsina ;

ES

ES

ES

'laiz'paasina

'la:v3; |-vae -vi l-val -vl

[-gitis

jlienn'dsaitis

|-es -iz [larjoiges

[full

L-

'laska^;

ES

ES

'laeGa(r,

'letSa^;

ES

ES

'letJa(r

'lae?a(r; |-ed -d |-ing

E-i-

lathy

'like

lath' 'laeGi;

'laetama^;

'laetn,

ES

E + 'laGi,

'laGi

'laetama(r

'laetin |-ed

-d [-ism -jizam

[-ist

Latinity lae'tmati
'laetrijaiz, -tiiijaiz |-s -iz [-d

-d

latitudinarian

jlaetajtjudn'Enan,

-jtiud-.

Latium 'le/iam
Latona la'tona,

le-

latrine la'trin

Latrobe la'trob

'IteskaCr

ful [tooth tuO [further 'fytS*;

latitude 'laetajtjud, -^tiud, -;tud

-;tud-, -'er-

b^nndsiz

Salle la'sael (Fr la'sal)

lascar,

'laeGa^;

latish 'letij

laryngoscope la'riggajskop

La

lather foatn' 'laeSa^;

Latinize

'la:/-; |-'s -iz

laryngology Jaerig'galadsi; ES+-'gDllarynx 'laerigks

latJts'

'laG-

-ISt

'laeram, 'leram; S 'laeram

laryngeal la'rmdsial

who

'one

lather 'lathe-worker'

Latin

larrup 'laerap [larruped 'laerapt

larva 'larva;

leti |-thes -tJz

lather

Latimer

'la:nid

Lartius 'larjias, -/as;

-t

-ban

'laG-, 'laO-

larrikin 'laerajkin

larum

lathe

'laeG^beri,

'laetSarig, 'laetirig

lariat v 'laerijaet |-ed -id

larkspur 'larkjspy;

-Gs

Lathrop 'leGrap
lathwork 'laeGjWyk; ES -jwsk, -jwyk,

'laeriat

ES

E+laG, laO; [ths -3z,

laeO;

E + 'laG-,

larghetto lor'geto;

lark lark;

Lathbury

la:d5

ES

'laetaran

latex 'leteks [-es -iz [latices 'laetajslz

largess, -sse 'lardsis;

'laet/^ki

late let

Lateran

-scale 'buying)

lariat

latchkey

lath V laeO; E+laG, laG; [-ths -Gs |-ed

'lards'skel;

largo 'largo;

[latched laetjt

'laet/it

lateral 'laetaral |-ly -i

la-, -'ri-

large-hearted 'lards'hartid;
large-scale

-iz

latency 'letnsi [-tent -tnt

pi of lar 'leriz

large lards;

[-'s

'laet/iz

lateen lae'tin

ES laitj; j-es -iz

lard lard; ES la:d; |-ed -id
larder 'lorda-; ES 'la:d3(r
Lardner 'lardna^; ES 'la:dn3(r
larch lart/;

bef.

latchstring 'laet/jstrig, -ijtrig

|-ceny -sni

lares

Las Vegas las'vegas

latch laetj [latches

-jboad,

E+last, last; [-ed -id

conss. often laes ('laes'nait)

lars -z

Laramie

1574)

lass laes [lasses 'laesiz [lassie 'laesi

-id

'laepit |-ed

|-'s

lascivious la'sivias, lae-

-daCr

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tDi

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/Jvision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipiji


leadsman

250

latron
latron Uetran

lavender 'Isevanda-;

latten 'laetn

Lavengro la'vEggro,

latter 'laeta-;

ES

lattice 'laetis

|-s

1aet3(r; [-ly

ES

bd

laud, L-

-jWak, -^wyk

lavish 'laevi/

law

-n

'laetvia \-n

ES

'levaCr

j-es -iz j-ed -t

bd

|lawed

|-ful -fal [-fully -fal I

law-abiding 'ba/baidig

lauded Uadid

ES -jbreka(r
ES -jgiva(r
lawmaker 'b^meka^; ES -^mekaCr

laudability jbda'bibti

lawbreaker 'bjbreka^;

laudable 'bdabl j-bly -bli

lawgiver 'b^giva^;

laudanum 'bdnam, ^bdnsm

lawmaking 'b^mekig
lawn bn |lawned land

laudation b'de/an

laudatory 'bdajton,

Lauder
laugh

ES

Uoda^;

laef ;

laughable

S -^ton

-jtDri;

Lawrence, -ance 'brans,

'bd3(r; |-derdale -jdel

'laefabl |-b]y -bli;

see

lawyer

laugh

see

laugh

ES

'bja^;

'bjaCr

lax laeks |laxes 'laeksiz

laxative 'lasksativ laxity 'laeksati

|

Laughlin

ES + 'b-,

'Isflin, 'laf-, 'lak-, 'lax-;

E + 'lalaughter

lay past of

lie le

lay V le [laid led

'laefta';

Launce bns.

ES

-t3(r,

Inns, lans

Launcelot 'bnsabt,

|-'s

see

lay n, adj le

laugh

Layamon

-iz

ES +

'Ion-, 'Ian-, -Jat;

layer

'leaman, 'iajaman

kr; ES

'lea^,

'le-aCr, lea(r; |-ed

Launceston Tastn 'bn^sestan,

'bnstan,

loc. 'Ian-,

'Ian-;

Cornw

layout 'le^aut

bntj", lontj, lantj" |-es -iz j-ed -t

|-ing -drig,

ES

-da(r; |-ed -d

-darig

layover

ES

-jovacr

laundry 'bndri,

NEfigd+^\an-;

-dried -drid

Lazarus.

Lazarus

laureate n 'brut [-ship

'laezaras, -zras
|

-bones -;bonz

lazy

lazzarone Jaeza'rone

Laurens 'brans,

'lar-, 'Inr-,

-anz

j-'s

-iz

'lar-, 'Inr-;

ES

-i-aCr;

states-

Jaddza-

leaches

kd

'lit/iz

leached Ht/t

ES+-jkok

kd

leaded 'kdid

lid
v,

adj

'kdn

|-ed

-d

|-ing

'kdnig.

'kdnig

ES

in Shak. Lavatch

leader 'guide'

ES

leader Head-worker^ 'kd*;

-'lia(r;

(Fr lava-

'lida^;

'lida(r

ES

'kdaCr

leadoff 'lidpf, -ioi

'lie:r)

lavatory

'laeva jtori, -/tan;

lave lev laved levd

]

Key:

lit/

'lijkak, 'le-;

lead n, v lid [led

Lead

lavabo, L- la'vebo
|-'s -iz,

\pl -ni -nl {It

li

L-

leaden

lavaliere, -ier Jaeva'lir;

lead metal

lo'zaen {Fr lo'zan)

la'vaetj

L-

Leacock

'lor-

lava 'lava, 'laeva

Lavache

lea,

leach,

la-, lo-

'brijC, 'lar-, 'Inr-

Lausanne

'lezi

'rome)

'lar-, 'lor- |-'s -iz

Laurentian b'ren/ian, -Jan,

-iz

laurel 'bral, 'lar-, 'lor- j-ed -d

Laurence 'brans,

|-'s

laze lez lazes 'leziz lazed lezd

-jj"ip

laureate v 'bri^et |-d -id

Laurier 'bna^,

li'as

lazaret, -tte Jaeza'ret |-retto -'reto

Laura 'bra

Laurie 'bri,

The a in lazar

-za(r;

lengthened after the word 2vas shortened frcm

]-es -iz

'Ian-;

ES

'lejova^;

lazar 'leza^;

laundress 'bndris, 'Ion-, 'Ian'Inn-,

layman, L- 'leman [laymen -man

layoff 'lepf, -.of

'bn-, -sn

launder 'bnda^, 'Ion-, 'Ian-;

man

-d

layette le'et

-Jot

-'S -IZ

'lar-, 'lor-

lawsuit 'bjsut, -^siut, -,sjut

laf, laef, laf ; |-ed -t

laughingstock 'laefiOiStak; ES+-jStDk,

launch

-da(r

lae-

Lavinia la'vinia, -nja

-iz |-d -t

latticework 'laetiSjwyk;

Latvia

laver 'leva^;

-li

ES

See in full 3^7.

]bath baeG;

-jtori

lead-pencil 'kd'pensl, -iPtnsl

leadsman 'kdzman |-men -man

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg langrj- 'aeg-gn
baG (10) |ah a |far far [watch watj, wotj (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

leazing 'falsehood' Uizig

Leadville 'ledvil

leaf

lif

leaf V

lif

leafy

Lebanon 'kbanan
Le Beau la 'bo, in Shakespeare's day b'biu
Lebrun Fr b'brce

leaf's lifs [leaves livz

leafs lifs 1-ed -t

leafage 'lifids
leaflet

c/ leave v

-iz

|-s

league

cf

leavy

'liga^;

ES

'ksa6m
Lecky 'kki
lecithin

-g3(r; |-ed -d |-ing

-gang.

Le Conte

-griO

Leah 'lia
Leahy Am diplomat Uci,
leak lik [leaked likt [leaky
leal

lean lin [leaned lind or

ES

li'aenda^;

ES

'kktan

lection 'kk/an j-ary -,eTi

'lehi

lector 'kkta-;

[-age -ids

'llki

ES

lecture 'kkt/sr;

Leander

ES+-'kDnt

li'kant;

lectern 'kkta^n;

lil

Leamington 'kmigtan,

'kt/aCr; |-ous -as, -t/ras

-t/n

l-y -I,

[leagued ligd

lig

leaguer

ES

lecher, L- 'ktJV;

'liflit

'lif

legatee

251

Leadville

Lemington
leant knt

t/arig,

cf

-'aendaCr

'kkta(r

ES

lectureship 'kkt/a^j/ip;

ES

led past &' pptc of lead

kd

'kktja-

leanness 'linnis

Leda

leant past 6" pptc of lean lent

ledger

lean-to 'lin^tu

'kdsang, 'kdsrig
Ledyard 'kdja^d; ES 'kdjad
lee, L- li

leap

[leaped

lip

leapfrog

lipt,

'lip ^f rag,

-jfrag, -ifrng;

kpt

or leapt lept, lipt

-ifrog,

-jfrog;

-ifrog.

[ged -d

ES li3(r, S+k3(r
ES bn, lyn; [-ed

lir;

learn lyn;

leech

ES bn-, lyn-;

learnt past & pptc of learn l^nt;

'tell

ES

bnt, lynt

-iz j-d -d

[leashed

'letJa^;

leatherette,

ES

L- JetJaVet

leaf

leave 'depart'

lia(r, S-j-ka(r; [-ed

'liwa^d, nazit. 'lua-d, 'liua^d;

liv

Brit

ES

'liwad.

'liwa^d'ailandz,

-lanz;

ES

'li^we

'lose' liz

[-roid 'ktSa^raid

Lefevre

army+IH

left

= leese

la'fiva^;

ES

-'fiva(r

kft

left-hand 'kft'haend ('left-^hand 'turn)

[leaved livd

liv [left

leeze

kft

left-handed 'kft'haendid

kg

leg

leaven 'kvan [-ed -d |-ing 'kvanii), -vnig

legacy 'kgasi

Leavenworth 'kvanwa'O, -jwy0; ES -waO,

legal

-jW36, -iWyO

[legged v

'ligl [-ly -i

kgd
[-ism -^izam

[-ist -ist

legalistic ^ligl'istik [-ally -li, -ikli

leaves pi of leaf b' leave w, J sg of leave

j;

livz

legality li'gaelati

leave-taking Uivjtekig

legalization jligja'ze/an, -ai'z-

Leavit, -tt Uevit

legalize 'ligl^aiz

leavy Uivi

legate 'kgit

[full

-d

lit

leaved adj livd

leaze

E+

lees liz

leeway

'ktSaCr; [-n -n [-y -i, -tJri

liv, dial, b'

'to

-^boad,

Uiwad-

leastways 'list^wez [leastwise 'list^waiz

leave

lik

ES

Leeward Islands

least list

leave n

|-ing

'lu-ad, 'liu-ad

li/t

leasing 'falsehood' 'lizig

leather

ES

-d

[leeches 'lit/iz [leeched litjt

L-

leeward

'li/iz

-jbard;

[-ed

lidz [Leeds's 'lidziz

leer lir;

leek,

leet

leasehold 'lisjhold
leash lij [leashes

-dsaCr;

leese 'lose' {1611 Bible) liz

lis [-s -iz j-d -t

lie' 'liz j-s

ES

'liibord,

'lit/

Leeds

adj -ned -nid

lease

'kdga^;

-jbaad

-d, -t or -t -t

learned past df pptc lynd, Is'nt;

lease 'rent'

'lida

leeboard

leapt past b' pptc of leap kpt, lipt

Lear

-d [-ring 'kk-

-t/aCr; [-d

'kktjng

'fell

lie' liz j-s -iz |-d

-d

ful [tooth tu6 [further 'fytSa^;

|-s

-iz |-d

-d

legatee jkga'ti

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail

[how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipiji

Leonatus

252

legatine
legatine Uegatin, -jtain

leisure

legation li'ge/an

legato li'gato {It le'garto)

Leitch

legend 'ledsand |-ary -fin

Leith

Leger Uedsa';

ES

'kdsaCr

legged past of leg

z^

ES

kgd, adj

leghorn 'kga^n, 'legjhorn;

'ks^-;

ES

-33fr;

ES

ES

'legan, -^liDan

-^n

-W; E

ES

-'eaCr,

|-d -id |-lative -jletiv

Leamington

cf

-z |-mata -ta

|-s

lemur

'lima';

ES

'lim3(r

-jwi

lend lend |lent lent

legislation jledsisUe/an
legislator 'kdgiSjleta';

lake 'liman

Lemington 'kmigtan,

Lena 'lina
Lenawee 'knawi,

-'ae3(r

'kdsisjet

Leman

lemming 'kmiij
lemon 'leman |-ade Jeman'ed
Lemuel 'kmjual

legible 'ld53bl |-bly -bli

Jidgan'er,

-tif 'laitmOjtif

'liland

lemma 'kma

'legan, -^haan

legibility jledsa'bilati

legion 'lidsan |-ary

-iz

LeHa 'lilia, -Ija

leman 'kman

legd

'legid,

Leghorn Italy 'kgjhorn; ES -jhaan; fowl

'kga^n, -jharn;

litj" |-'s

Leland

jld33-

leggings 'legigz |leggins 'kginz

legislate

less freq.

lie

leitmotiv,

legerdemain jEdsa^^di'men;

legionnaire

now

'1133',

l-d-d

ES -Jet3(r
ES -jletJaCr

L'Enfant 'lanfant {Fr

la'fa)

legislature 'kdsis^letja^;

length krjke, legO j-ths -Gs |-thy

legist 'lid3ist

lengthen

'legkOan,

'legOan

-i

|-ed

-d

[-ing

-Banig, -Gnig

legitimate adj li'dsitamit ]-macy -masi

legitimate v Ii'd3it3jm3t ]-d -id

lengthways 'legkGjwez, 'kg6- |-wise -jwaiz

legitimist Ii^d3it3mist |-matist -'d3it3m3tist

lenience 'linians, -njans |-cy

legitimize Ii'd3it3jmaiz

Lenin 'knin |-grad

|-s

-iz |-d -d

leg-of-mutton adj 'kga^mAtn, 'kgav-

lenitive 'knativ |-ty 'knati

Legree

Lennox 'lenaks

li'gri

legume 'kgjum, li'gjum, -'gium

legumen li^gjuman, k-, -'giu- |-s

Lenoir
-z |-mina

-mina

Havre

France

-'hav3(r, -'havra; {Fr

Lehigh

-'havra;

la'hava',

Wa:\x)

-ant

-iz

ES

-'noa(r,

E-f--'naa(r

Lenore

ES

|-'s

places la 'nor, -'nar;

Lenoir, Etienne

legumin li'gjumin, k-, -'giumin |-ous -as

Le

US

-i |-ent

-igrsed, -jgrad

Fr

e'tjen la'nwarr

la 'nor, -'nar;

ES

E + -'naa(r
knzd

-'noa(r,

lens lenz lenses 'knziz |lensed

|

lent lent

Lent lent Lenten 'kntan

'lihai

Lehman Uimsn, ^leman

lenticular kn'tikjala^;

lehua li^hua

lentigo kn'taigo |lentigines kn'tid3ajniz

lei

k,

'laibnits

|-'s

-iz

{Ger

Leibniz

Uaipnits)

I'envoi,

Leicester 'ksta^;

ES

'kst3(r;

|-sliire -//ir,

Leif Ericson 'lif'Eriksn

pers.

name

li;

places

li,

lai

Leila 'lib

Leinster 'knsta^;
Leipsic Uaipsik,

ES

'knst3(r

'lipsik

Leipzig 'laipsig, -sik {Ger 'laiptsix)

Key:

knVai

(Fr la'vwa)

Leominster Mass 'kminstcy, Engd 'kmst,

ES

-sta(r

Leon US places 'lian, PI le'on

Leonard 'lena^d; ES 'lenad
Leonardo Jia'nardo; ES -'na:do
Leonardo da Vinci /lia'nardo da'\intXi; ES
-'na:do; {It Jeo'nardo do'vintji)
Leonato jlia'nato
Leonatus ^lia'netas |-'s -iz

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret \\tt jet jsang saeg |angr},' 'aeg-gn
bae (10) |ah a |far far jwatch watj, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

See in full 3-47.

|bath bae6;

-JV;

-voy 'knvai,

'lio

'kmin-;

- Ji3(r, -/3(r

Leiden 'laidn
Leigh

lento It 'lento

Leo

Leica 'kika

ES

-la(r

lentil 'kntl, -til

'k'l

Leibnitz

ES

253

Leonid
Leonid

Lethe 'Uei, 'liOi

Lethean li'Gian

'lisnid

Leonidas li'anadas; ES+-'Dn-;

-iz

|-'s

lexical
|-d

leonine, L- 'lisinain

Letitia Ii'ti/ia, -/a

Leonora jlia'nora, -'nora; S -'nora

Leontes li^antiz, -'ontiz

let's

ES

leopard 'kpa^d;

Leopold
Lepanto

Leto

ES

lepidopterous

ks

Lett kt

'kpld

ES

letter 'kta^;

li'paento

leper 'kpa^;

'lito

kts,

let's see kts'si, kt'si {originally let sec )

'lepad; |-ess -is

'li3ipold, older

^kta(r; |-ed -d

Jepa'daptaras,

ES +

-tras;

|-'s

letterpress 'kta'jpres;

-iz

leprechaun 'kprajkan

Lettice 'ktis

leprosy 'kprasi |leprous 'kpras

Lettish 'ktiX

Lesbian 'kzbian

lettuce 'ktis, -as

Lesbos 'kzbas, -bas; ES+-bns

letup 'ktjAp

majesty 'liz'maedsisti

leud lud,

lesser 'ksa^;

ES

-ks

ciation

The pronun-

not normal to conversational

is

hut occurs occasionally in deliberate

reading

In

especially in rime.

style,

vocab. only the pron. -lis is given, hut

to be

many

understood that

usually not given.

-less is

added

to

words ending in

the
it is

speakers (feiver

and S) also pronounce

stylus 'stailas. In the vocabulary

in the

ES

'kta-

-iz

|-'s

hud

[-s

Leutner 'bitna^;

'ks3(r

-less unstressed suffix -lis, -las.

style,

'kta'psf-.

|-s

-iz

leucorrhea, -rhoea Juka'ria, jliuka-

Leslie 'ksli
1

ES

leucocyte 'luka^sait, 'liuka-

lesion 'lisan

ks

'kta-

'kta^'pyfikt;

letter-perfect
-'ps^f-

Lepidus 'kpidas

less

ES

letterhead 'kta^^ed;

'kpoCr; |-ed -d

-'dnp-

lese

-d |-thied -Bid

-las as in

the ending

WJten

-less is

or

tivo

-1

-1,

Levantine laVaentin, 'kvanjtain

levator laVeta^;

ES

-Veta(r;

ikva-

|-tores

'toriz

levee 'hank'' 'kvi |-d -d, 'reception' +\3 'vi

level 'kvl, older b'

still

occas.

'kvil l-iy -I

|-ed -d |-ing 'kvlig, -vlii)

levelheaded 'kvl'hedid ('level-headed move)

lever 'kva^,

'liva^;

-va(r;

'llva(r,

'

lva(r;

-d |-ing -varig, -vrig |-age -ids. -vnds

|-ed

Levi

bridleless 'braidllis.

leviable 'kviabl

-ness.

'bitnaCr

Levant laVaent

sounds are pronounced, as in soulless 'soUis,

Cf

-z |-es -iz

ES

'livai

leviathan, L- laVaiaGan

lessee ks'i

lessen 'ksn |-ed -d |-ing ^ksnii), 'ksnig

Lesseps 'ksaps

|-'s

-iz

levigate 'kvajget |-d -id

{Fr k'seps)

levin 'kvin

Lessing 'ksiij

Levis

lesson 'ksn |-ed -d |-ing 'ksnig, 'ksniij

levitate 'kvajtet |-d -id |-tion ^kva'tej an

lessor 'ksar;

ES

lesaaCr; (les'see

&

Levite

les'sor)

kst

lest

ES

Le Sueur

la'sur;

-'sua(r;

{Fr Lesueur

kt |-down 'kt^daun

Letcher 'ktJV;

|-al -I [-ally -li |-us

-as

levy 'kvx [levied 'kvid

lewd lud, hud

la'sqoerr)

ES

Lewes,

lethargic Lt'Oardsik,

k-;

ES

-^Oaids-; j-al

-h, -ikh

lethargy 'kGa^dsi;

-1

Lewisohn 'lui^zon, 'liui-, -json

Lewiston 'luistan, 'huislex

ES

-is 'luis, 'liuis j-'s -iz

lewisite 'luis,ait, 'liuis-

'kt/aCr

lethal 'Ileal |-ly -i

[full

'livait

levulose 'kyja^los

-iz

|-'s

ES

le'vi)

levity 'kvati

'kstaCr

L'Estrange k'strends

I-ally

{Fr

Levitic la'vitik

Lester 'ksta^;

let

'livis

ful [tooth tue [further 'fySa^;

kks

[leges 'lidsiz

lexical 'kksikl

'kOadsi

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

ES

-'kng-;

jleksa'kagrafa^,

lexicographer

ligate

254

lexicographer

Engd

Lichfield

'litjfild

hch-gate 'btj^get

-f3(r; |-phy -fi

lexicon 'kksikan

licit Uisit

Lexington 'leksigtan

Uck hk jUcked hkt

Leyden 4aidn
Lhasa 'lasa

lickerish adj 'hkarij

liable 'laiabj |liabihty jkia'bibti

lickspittle

Licking 'hkig

liar 'laia^;

ES

'bk^spitl

lictor 'hkta^;

Libby 'hbi

lid

ES

'hkt3(r

Liddell 'hdl

-d |-ing laiblig, laiblig

Liddesdale 'hdz^del

libelee, -llee jlaibl'i

Lidice

libelous, -llous 'laiblas

lie

liberal 'bbaral, 'bbral j-ly -i |-ism

-jizam

'liditsr,

-tse {Czech li-dji-tse)

n \ni
laid [lying 'laiig

lie 'falsify' lai |lied

liberality jbba'raebti
liberalize 'hbaraljaiz, -bral-

|-s

-iz j-d

-d

Liebig'libig(Ger 'H:bix)

liberate 'hba^ret

Liechtenstein 'liktan^stain

liberation jhba 're/an

lied past of lie laid

ES
ES

liberticide b'byto^said;

libertinage 'bba^tinids;

ES

ES

^hba-

lief

-'bst-, -'bs^t-

lif

lliefer

'bba-

liege lids

Uibajtin; |-nism -tin-

Liege

|-s

ES

{Fr 1Je:3)

lieutenant lu'tEnant, liu-;

library 'laijbren, -bn,

In

-bran

lieve liv |hever 'liva^;

the occas.

prons. 'laijberi, 'laibari r is lost by dissimi-

and

'laibri is

due

to contrac-

Hfe laif
lives

[life's

laivz

life's is the

ES

laifs {in

librettist b'bretist

lifeguard Uaif^gard;

Libya Uibia

-n

lifelong

+ -^h\\d

|-s

licensor

ES

'laisnsa^;

ES

-iga:d,

'laif'bg,

-'log;

lifesaver 'laifiSeva*;

-iz |-d -t

ES

life-size 'laif'saiz |-d

(jlaisn'si

-S3(r;

an

-jsev3(r

lifetime 'laif jtaim

licentious lai'senjas

ligament 'hgamant

Lichas 'laikas

Ligarius li'gsrias, -'ger-

-iz

lichen Uaikin, -kan |-ed -d |-ous -as

See in full 3-47.

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

ES

-sk,

-yk

|-ed -id or arch, lift bft

lift lift

('life Jong

-d

licentiate n, adj lai'sEn/iit, -^et

|bath baeO;

S + -'lag;

lifework 'laif^wyk, -'wyk;

Jaisn'sar)

|-'s

E+-jga:d

'friend)

lice's 'laisiz

Uaisns

\pl

lifehke 'laif.laik

|-ti -ti

licensee, -cee ^laisn'si

Key:

-V3(r; j-est -ist

older possessive singular.

lifeboat 'laif jbot

-z

lei-.

The pronunciation laivz for

librate 'laibret |-d -id |-tion lai'bre/an

\-s

army

Shak. lives laivz)

lifeblood 'laifjbkd, emph.

tion.

libretto h'brto

Brit

Brit navy lu- {Jones)

librarian lai'brerian, -'brer- ]-ship -^Jip

license, -nee

|Hefest

lieu lu, liu

'libati

Libra 'laibra |-brae -bri

|-n

-3(r;

lien lin, 'lian

Hbido li^baido

{Ger

-iz

li'es, -'3

lieutenancy lu'tenansi, liu-

lice lais

'lidaCr;

see lieve

libidinous h^bidnas

lation {121),

ES

'Ufa-;

'liva-,

livist, 'lifist

,iz3m, -tin,iz3m
'bba^ti;

ES

li:t, 'litdar)

hbertarian ibb^'terian, -'ter-;

hberty

{Get- ^lixtanj/tain)

lied 'song' lid \pl lieder 'lida^;

-jretaCr

Liberia lai'bina |-n -n

libertine Uiba^jtin;

len |lying -ig

lie 'recline' lai jlay le |lain

ES

-jspitlig,

bd Ihdded 'bdid

libelant, -llant Uaiblsnt

liberator Uib3,ret3^;

|-hng

'bkanj, -kn-

licorice 'hkaris,

'lai-3(r

libation lai'bejan

libel 'laibl |-ed

-d

j-d

-jspithg

liaison jlie'zS {Fr Ije'zo)

|-al

Jiga'nintl
|-s

-iz

ligate 'laiget j-d -id |-tion lai'ge/an

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr>' 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj", wotj" (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

255

ligature

ES

ligature 'ligajtjur, -tja^;

-itju3(r, -tj3(r;

Lincoln
liking 'laikig
lilac 'lailak, older 'lailaek

l-d-d
ligeance 'laidsans, 'lidslight lait

Lilian

-iz

|-s

lighted 'laitid or ht

Lilith 'hhe

lighten 'laitn |-ed -d |-ing 4aitnig, -tnig

ES

lighter 'laita^;

'lait3(r; |-ed

lighterage 'laitarids

|-s

-d

Lille

lil

lilhbullero Jiliba'liro

-iz

ES

light-fingered 'lait'figga'd;

Lightfoot

'lilisn, -Ijan

liHed 'hhd

lit

Lilliput 'libjpAt, -pat

-'firjgad

Lilliputian jhb'piujan, -'piu-

'laitjfut

light-footed 'lait'futid

Lilly 'hh

lighthead 'lait^hed

lilt

hit lilted 'hltid

lightheaded 'lait'hedid ('light,headed 'youth)

lily

'hh Ihlied 'hhd

lighthearted

ES

'lait'hartid;

E-h

-'hartid,

lily-livered 'hh'hva-d;

Lima US

lighthouse Uaitjhaus

ES

Peru
limb lim jhrnbed limd

-'ha:t|-ses -ziz

'laima,

-'hvad

'lima, bean ^laims

limbeck, -bee 'hmbek

lightning 'laitnig |lightninged Uaitnigd

light-o'-love 'laitaUAV

limber Hree trimmer' 'hma^;

lightship 'laitjjip

limber

lightsome 'laitsam

1-ed -d |-ing

ES

'limba^;

'flexible'

'flex'

limbo 'limbo

lightweight 'lait'wet ('light-weight 'coin)

Limburg, -bourg Bclg 'hmba^g;

'lait/wud, loc.

light-year

'lait'jir,

Hgneous

-jir;

'laitad

ES

-i3(r;

Hgnin 'lignin

Lymehouse 1547

Ugnite 'lignait

1535,

lignose 'lignos |-nous -nas

ate ignorance)

vitae 'lignam'vaiti,

ES

limekiln 'laimjkil,

-ti

limehght

-'ni3(r

ligure 'ligjur;

ES

Hung Chang

j-n

'li'hug'tjieg, -'hAg-, -'t/ag

limewater

'laim^wota^,

-jwata^,

-jWT3t3^;

limit 'limit |hmited 'limitid

Words in

-like are usually

from the vjcab., since the pron. can

always be found by adding -Jaik to the sound
omitted

word (manlike 'maenjlaik)

head word ends in a

sound, two

When
sounds

are heard (taillike 'teljaik, eaglelike

'igl-

limn

hm

limner

limned

'lima^,

hmonene

hmd

'hmna^;

Limoges li'mo3

|-'s

[ing 'hmig,

ES

-iz

'limajiiin

limousine 'hmajzin, jlima'zin

|

limped limpt

hkelihood 'laiklijhud

limpet 'hmpit

likely 'laikh

limpid 'limpid |-pidity hm'pidati

liken 'laikan |-ed -d |-ing 'laiksiug, -knig

limy 'laimi

likeness 'laiknis |-es -iz

linage 'laimdg

likewise 'laikjwaiz

linchpin 'lint/jpin -pinned -jpind

j-s

-iz
|

Lincoln 'ligkan

likin 'li'kin

ful ]tooth tuO [further 'fytJa^;

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz,

'hmmg

-3(r

limonite 'laimajiiait

Hmp hmp

Jaik, bell-like 'bel jaik).

[full

ES

-t3(r

|hked laikt

-like snjfbx -jlaik

the

sec kiln

-/.iiln

'laim^lait

limestone 'laim^ston

-n

Hkable, Hkeable 'laikabl

of the head

liter-

limerick, L- 'hmarik, 'hmrik

'!igju3(r

Liguria li'gjuria, -'giui'ia

like laik

a triumph of

limen 'laimen

ligule 'hgjul

Li

ES 'hmbsg.

Limburger 'limbyga^; ES 'kmbsgad, -bygaCr

hme laim |Hmed laimd
Limehouse Lond 'laimjhaus, loc. 'limas (Les
Lymostes 1367, Lymost 1496, Lymehurst

c/year

'lignias

Ligonier Jiga'nir;

'hmbaCr;

-byg; {Fr l^'bu:r)

lignify 'Iign3,fai |-lied -^faid

hgnum

ES

'hmbarig, 'hmbrig

light-struck 'lait^strAk

Ughtwood

'lim3(r

fmz

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAStam [while hwail |how

[dish di/ [vision 'visan

[Eden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em

'kipip


256

Lincolnian

Listerine

Lincolnian lig'konian

linsey-woolsey 'bnzi'wulzi

Lincolniana Jigkani'ena, -ko-, -'ana, -'ana

linstock 'hnjStak;

Lincolnshire 'ligkan^Jir,

ES

-Ja^;

-JaCr

-iJ"i3(r,

ES+-jStDk

bnt

lint

Lines short for Lincolnshire ligks

lintel 'bntj [-ed -d

Lind Iind
Lindbergh 'hnbyg, 'hnd-;
linden, L- 'lindan

linter 'bnta^;

'lindli, 'linh

Lindsay

'linzi, 'lindzi

Lindsay

'Iinzi,

-^farn,

E+-ifa:n

'laian [-ess -is [-ess's -isiz

'laianj, 'laia^nEl

lion-hearted

ES

-jha:t, E-t--/ha:t

ES

'laian'hortid;

lionize 'laianjaiz

lineage 'family^ 'liniidj

|-s

|-s

-iz

lip

-iz |-d -d

bp

|-s

-d

-iz |-d

lipase 'laipes

|-neament 'liniamant

lipide 'laipaid, 'bpid |-pid -pid

Lippi 'bpi

'hni'a(r

{It 'lippl)

Lippmann 'bpman

lineman 'lainman |-men -man

lipstick 'bpjStik [-sticked -jStikt

linen 'hnin, -an

liquefaction jbkwi'faekjan

ES

liquefy 'bkwa^fai

'Iaina(r

-Jaid

[-fied

linesman 'lainzman |-men -man

liquescence b'kwesns [-cy

line-up 'lainjAp

liqueur b'ky;

ling

{Fr

III)

linger

ES

'hrjga';

'ligga(r;

j-ed

-d

|-ing

ES

L-

-ber,

'bkwid^aemba^;

liquidate 'bkwi^det [-d -id

lingua franca 'liggwa'fraegka

liquidation Jikwi'de/an

lingual 'liggwal

liquidator 'likwi^deta^;

linguaphone, L- 'liggwa^fon

liquidity b'kwidati

ES

-^faam

liquor 'bka^;

-s |-al -1 [-ally

|-s

-ikh

linkage Uigkids

[-s

hgkt

-knj

'licorice' 'bkariJ,

Lisa

lisle,

lisp

Linklater 'bgkjleta^;

linkwork 'bgk^wyk;
see

ES
ES

lail

{Fr

[lisped

lissome, -soni

-jwsk, -jWS'k

list

Lindley

[-'s

L-

bsp

-/leta(r

'laiza, 'bsa. It

name llza

lil)

bspt

'bsam

bst [-ed -id

list 'please'

Linlithgow bn'bOgo

Linnaeus h'nias

Eng name

Lisbon 'bzban

-iz

linked 'bgkt, poet, 'bgkid

bst \past listed 'bstid or arch,

list

bst [pptc hsted 'bstid

-iz [-aean,

-ean -'nian

listel 'bstj

listen 'bsn [-ed -d [-ing 'bsnig, 'bsnig

linnet 'hnit

linoleum b'nobam, -Ijam

Linotype 'lainajtaip

[-d -t

listener 'lisna^, 'bsna^;

lister,

linseed 'bn,sid

L-

Listerine,

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

-n/

liquorish 'lickerish' 'bkarij'

linkboy 'hgkjbai

Key:

'bka(r; [-ed -d

liripipe 'bn,paip [-poop -^pup

[links ligks [linked

Linley 'hnb

-jdeta(r

lira 'bra [-s -z [lire 'bre (7^ 'li:ra, -re)

lining 'lainig

bgk

-li,

liquorish

liniment 'bnamant

link

ES

ES

liquorice 'bkans, -kris,

linguist 'liggwist

bg'gwistik

ES

-jaemba(r

lingo 'hggo

linguiform 'hggwijfarm;

[-scent -snt

li'koe:r)

liquidambar,

'liggario, 'liggrig

-i

-'ksCr, -'ka^; Brit b'kjuaCr;

liquid 'hkwid

lingerie Uaensajti {Fr las'ri)

linguistic

E+

[lipped bpt

lineate adj 'hniit, -^et |-ated -^etid

liner 'lama';

-'ha:t-,

-'ha:t-

lineage 'alignment Uainids

ES

'bnta(r

lionheart 'laian^hart;

|Vachel Vetfal

line lain [lined laind

linear 'lima';

L-

Lionel

Uindzi

lineal 'linial |-ly -i

ES

Lin Yutang 'hnju'taeg

-bsg, -b^g

lion,

ES

Lindisfarne 'lindiSjfarn;

Lindley

ES

bee bi [pity

baO (10) [ah a

[far

'piti (6)

'bsta^;
1-

ES

ES

-na(r

'bsta^r

'bsta,rin

[rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angr\- 'aeg^gri

far [watch wat/,

wntj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge g3rd3 [go go

Llangollen

257

listless

Shak. bv
bv |hved bvd

listless 'listlis

live 'lief

Liszt bst

Hve

lived 'having

lit lit

L-

litany,

Litchfield

US

livelong n, adj 'bvjl^g,

'lit/fild

ES

liter, -tre 'lita^;

laivd

life'

liven 'laivan |-ed -d |-ing 'laivaniij, -vnig

literacy 'litsrasi

-jizsm

liver

|-ist -ist

ES

'bva^;

-V3(r;

arms

literate 'litarit

liver Liverpool

literati jhta'retai, jlito'rati

liveried 'bvarid, 'bvrid

'laiva^;

literature 'litarajt/ur, -tjer, 'htra-, -jtjur;

ES

litharge 'liGards;

ES

lithe laiti |-some

-sam

E + -0a:d5

-Ga:d5,

ES
ES

lither 'more lithe' 'laiSa^;

lithia 'liOia, -Gja |-ium

'liOajgraef ;

Livermore 'bva^jmor,

-lam

ES

Liverpool 'bv^^pul;

'Iaitf3(r

liverwort 'bva^jW^t;

'lit$3(r

liverwurst

|-ic

|-ed -t

ES

-'Oog-;

-f3(r;

'bvajpul

|-al -j |-ally -li, -ikli

ES

-jsfi3(r,

Lithuania ^liOju'enia, jliGu'enia

S+-jsfe3(r

|-n

ES

'bva^wst, Uiva^wyt

-vn

-d j-man

j-ied

o/Hfe laivz

|live's laivz

Hvestock UaiVjStak; ES+-jStDk

-n

litigate 'hta^get |-d -id |-tion jlita'gcjan

Hvid 'bvid

living 'bvig

litmus 'litmas

Livingston, -e Uivigstan

|-vidity b'vidati
|-s

-z

litotes 'laita^tiz, 'laito-

Livonia bVonia, -nja

Utro

Livy

'litro

litten 'litn

-'11

ES

-'t3(r,

-'ty;

(Fr

l-r

ES

^bzad

ahbr. spelling of unstressed will in

you'H

-d

Jul,

he'll

they'll tJel,

it'll

bll,
'itl;

Ma^,

'btla-;

ES

-3(r; |-st 'litlist,

tion, as

will

'htlist

'lusi aligo,

4ama

llama

Httoral 'Iitaral

Llanarmon Ise'narman,
{Welsh 4a'narmon)

Hturgical li'tydsikl;

ES

-'tsdg-, -'tyds-; |-ly

Glae-;

ES

-'na:m-;

Llanberis laen^ens, Glaen- {Welsh 4an'beris)

-dsiks

liturgism 'lita^^dsizam;

ES

'tJaetl'du,

Joe will go 'dsoljgo.

See will

littleneck 'litl^nek

^lita'dsi;

wil,

nouns rarely ab-

father will go 'faSa^ aligo, George

Littleton 'htltan

Kturgy

after

I'll ail,

we'H

Jil,

go 'dsards aljgo, that will do

Lucy will go

Littlejohn ^htljdsan, -jdsDn

-I, -ikli |-gics

she'U

breviated in spelling but often in pronuncia-

litera'toe:r)

Httle 'htl

'livi

Hzard, L- 'bza^d;

'ktl, liHel

jlitara'ty;

see life

3 sg of Hve v bvz
Hves 'lief dial, bvz

Htigious Ix^tid3i3s

htterateur

-man |-men

lives

Livia 'bvia

'lit3(r; j-ed

'liva-

-man

litigable 'htigabl |-gant 'litagant

ES

ES

-^wurst;

'bva^jW^st,

livery 'bvari,

lives pi

-fi

lithographic jhOa'graefik

'lita^;

'bv3jmo3(r,

^W3St, 'llV3jWyst, -,WU3St

-ik

E + -igraf, -jgraf

li'Gagrafa^,

lithosphere 'IiGaisfir;

ES

-jinDr;

Liverpudhan jliva^'pAdban; ES jbva-

lither 'bad,' 'agile' 'liSa^;

Htter

'laiv3(r

E+-jm33(r

-jt/u3(r, -iS^ir, -jtju3(r

LitteU

ES

liverish 'bvarij", 'bvrij

literatim ^litaVetim

l-phy

-d |-ing -varig,

|-ed

-vrig

literary 'lit3jrri

hthographer

S + -Jao

-iloi);

lively 'laivb

'lit3(r

literal 'litaral |-ly -i j-ism

hthograph

cf long-lived

livelihood 'laivb,bud

'litni

ES

'Iita-; [-gist

-d3ist

Llandudno laen'dAdno,

Glaen-

{Welsh 4an-

'didno)

'litadsi

Welsh 4a'ne4i)

Litvinov litVinaf, -of

Llanelly

livable, liveable 'livabl

Llangollen laen'gahn, Glaen'gaGl-, -'go-, -an

Hve adj
|full

{Welsh 4an'go4en)

laiv

ful [tooth tuG [further

lae'neli, Glae'nEGli {S.

'fs^tJa^;

ES

'fstSa

[using ^juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

Visan [Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

logarithmic

258

llano
Those words

beloiv in

which the a sound

is spelt

llano, LLlano Estacado 'lano^Esta'kado, 'leno^Esta-

'lano, 'laeno

o are cflen pronounced with d in

and S

ES

Lochinvar JakinVar, Jd-, -xin-;

-H'a:(r,

E + -Va:(r
loci pi of locus 'losai

'kedo
-elyn

Llewellyn,

liu-

lu'elln,

{Welsh

"4-3-

lock lak llocked lakt |-age -ids

|-et -it

Locke lak

'welin)

Lloyd bid
Lloyd George Uoid'dsards; ES -Msaads;

ES

Lockerbie 'laka-bi;
|-'s

Lockhart

'lakabi

ES

-kat;

'lakhart,

-ha:t,

-kat.

E + -ha:t

-IZ

Llywelyn

lockjaw 'lakjdsD

{Welsh 43'welin)

Iu'eIiii, liu-

lockout 'lakjaut

lolo

Lockport

loach lot/ loaches Uot/iz

'lakjport,

ES

-jport;

-jpoat,

E+

load lod loaded 4odid

ES

loadstar 'lodestar;

-jpaat
-jSta:(r,

Locksley

E+-jSta:(r

loaf n lof |loaf' s lofs

loaf V lof

loam

lorn

'laksli

locksmith 'lak^smiO

loadstone 'lodiSton

loafs lofs

j-ths -Os

lockup 'lakjAp

loaves lovz

Lockyer

loafed loft

loamed lomd

ES

'lakja^;

UakjaCr

loco 'loko locoed 'lokod

1

loan Ion loaned lond

locomotion Joka'mcjan |-motive -^motrv

loan Phil measure lo'an |loanes lo'anes

locomotor jloka'mcta';

loath loO

Locrine lo'kram, -'krin

loathe

lots

Locris 'lokris

loathed lotid

loathful 'loSfal |-ly

'loGli,

locus 'lokas

'loSh {older form)

L- lab lobbed labd

ES

|loci 'losai

locution lo'kju/an, -'kiu-

lobar 'loba^;

-jlai

|-li

locust 'lokast

loathsome 'lo'Ssam
lob,

|-es -iz

locum tenens 'lokam'tininz, -anz

loathly adj 'loSli

loathly adv

-'motsCr

-iz

|-'s

loculus 'lakjabs

-i

ES

locutory 'lakjo^ton,

'lob3(r

lobby 'labi lobbied 'labid lobbyist

]

'labiist

lobe lob |lobed lobd

-jtori;

lode lod |-star -jstar;

EG

-jtori

-,cta:(r,

E+-jSta:(r;

|-stone -jSton

lobeHa, L- lo'bilja

lodge ladj lodges 'lad^iz lodged ladsd

loblolly 'lablab

Lodge lad3

|-'s

-iz

lodgment, -dge- 'ladsmar.t

lobo 'lobo

Lobos 'lobos

lobster 'labsta^;

ES

locale, -ai lo'kiEl, -'kal

'lodai; Italy

'loii!

Lodore lo'dor, -'dar; ES

Lodovico jlodaViko

'labst3(r

local 'lokl |-ed -d |-ly -i

localism 'lokjjizam

US

Lodi

-iz

|-'s

Lodowic, -ick 'lodawik,

{Fr Ib'kal)

Loeb

|-istic jlokl'istik

leb, leb, lob {Gcr

'lad-

loess 'lo'is {Gcr loss Ices)

locahzation jlokla'zcjan, -ai'z-

loft bft, loft

localize 'lokl^aiz

|-s

Lofthouse 'bftss,

-iz |-d -d

E + -'ka:no

'loft-,

Loftus 'bftas, Unf-

|-'s

lofty 'bfti, Uof-

location lo'kejan

log bg, lag, log |-gcd -d

Logan

locative 'lakativ, Uakitiv

loch,

L- lak, lax {Sc \n\, lox)

Lochaber

la'kaeba^.

Id-,

-'xaeb-,

-aba^;

Key:

ES

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

|-sport

l-al -1 1-ally -li,

bee bi Ipity

ba6 (10) |ah a

jfar

'piti (6)

-iz

-Ziport,

-z^part;

ES

E + -Zjp33t

logarithm 'bgOjri'Scsm, Mag-,

la'kil. Id-, -'xil

|-'s

l-tily -tb, -tili

'log-, -earn

logarithmic jbga'ri'Smik, jlag-,

-b3(r

Lochiel

'logan

-Zjpoat,

-Jiaus

-iz

locate 'loket, lo'ket |-d -id

|-al -1

E + -'d33(r

lor^:)

locality lo'kaebti

Locarno lo'karno; ES -'ka:no,

(// 'b:di)

-'do3(r,

jlog-,

-Onuk

-ikk

Irate ret |yet Jt |sang saerj !angr>- 'aeg-gri

far [watch wat/,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa Igorge g3rd5 |go go

logbook
Those words below in which the a sound

logbook 'bgibuk,

is spelt

'lag-, 'Ing-

loge I03 {Fr \6:z)

loggerhead 'bg<yjhed,

'log-;

'lag-,

ES

-ga-;

|-s

-z {It

o are often pronoimced with n in

and

longhand 'bgjhajnd, 'log-; S + 'laglonghorn 'bg^harn, 'log-; ES -^haan, S + 'lagLonginus lan'dsainas |-'s -iz
longish 'bgij, 'log-; S + 'lag-

1-ed -id

loggia 'ladsia, -dsa, 'lods-, 'bds-

'bddsa

Lorenzo

259

\pl

loggie 'bddse)

longitude 'landsa^tjud, -jtiud, -jtud

longitudinal

-danal

logic 'ladsik |-al -1 |-ally -Ji, -ikh

jlandsa'tjudnl,

-'tiud-,

-'tud-.

|-ly -i

logicality jladsi'kaelati

long-legged 'bg'kgid, 'log-, -'legd; S + 'lag-

logician lo'dsi/an

long-Uved 'bg'laivd,

logos,

L- 'lagas,

logy

-ijoa-, -jj"aa-;

'lag-, 'Ing-

bin

longsuffering

bind

|loined

Loire Iwar;

Lois

ES

lwa:(r,

E+lwa:(r; {Fr lwa:r)

'bita^;

ES

-taCr;

|-ed -d [-ing -tang.

'log-,

Longsword 'bg^sord,
longways

-i-

-fang;

S+

'bg^wez,

-jsoad.

S + 'lag-;

j-wise

'log-, -^sard;

'lag'log-;

long-winded 'bg'wmdid, 'log-;

'loki {Ice 'bki)

Lollard

looby 'lubi

lolled laid
'lal9^d;

ES

'labd; j-ry -n 1-y

look luk [looked lukt

-i

looker-on

Lomax 'lomaeks [-'s -iz

Lombard 'lamba^d, 'Um-, -bard; ES -bad.
-ba:d, E + -ba:d
Lombardic lam'bardik, Um-; ES -'ba:d-,
'lamba^di,

'Um-; ES -badi

lookout, L- 'luk^aut
loom lum loomed lumd
1

loon lun lloonery 'lunan

loose lus [looses 'lusiz [loosed lust

Londonderry 'lAndan^den,

Irel

jAndan'dEri

cigar 'landres {Fr lo'drtts)

lone Ion [lonely 'lonli j-some -sam;

loosen 'lusn [-ed -d |-ing 'lusnig, -snig

loosestrife 'lus^straif

NEngd+

loot lut [looted 'lutid

lop lap lopped lapt

{46)

long bg, log; S+lag;

j-er -ga^;

ES

-ga(r; |-est

lope lop [loped lopt

Lopez

-gist

long-and-short 'bgan'/art, 'log-;

ES

-'Jaat,

S + 'lag-

'lopz

{Am Sp

'lopes)

lop-sided 'lap'saidid ('lop-^sided 'mind)

loquacious lo'kwefas |-quacity -'kwaesati

Longaville 'lagga^vil, 'logga-; S + 'lag-

Lora

longboat 'bg^bot, 'Ing-; S + 'lag-

Lorain, -e lo'ren

longbow 'bgjbo,
long-distance

[lookers-

loop lup [looped lupt j-hole -jhol

London 'Undan

Ib-n(-)

-bn

-'on,

jlukaz-

loony, -ey 'luni

Lomond 'lomand

1-

Juka^'an,

ES

jluka^z-;

Loon, van vaen'lon

E+-'ba:d-

Lombardy

Londres,

S+ 'lag-

loo lu jlooed lud

lollipop 'lalijpap

'log-; S

+ 'lag-

'bg'distans,

'log-;

lord,

S+'lag-;

'lora,

L-

'bra; S 'lora

lard;

ES bad;

lord-and-lady 'brdn'ledi;

('long-jdistance 'call)

|-ed -id |-ling -lig

[-ship -/ip

ES

ES

'bad-

E+ba(r

longeron 'landsaran {Fr lose'ro)

lore lor,

longevity lan'dsevati

Lorelei 'bra^lai, 'lor- {Ger 'lo:rajlai)

Longfellow 'bg^felo, 'log-; S + 'lag-

Lorenzo Ic'renzo,

[full

|-men -man

-jwaiz

Lola 'lob
loll lal

'bg'sAfrig,

-jsaad; S -^soad,

-trig

Loki

-^/ar-;

'log-,

-;Xoa-,-i-'lag-;

'lag-

'lo'is |-'s -iz

loiter

Longstreet 'bg^strit, 'log-; S-i-'lag-

'logi

Lohengrin 'loanjgrin, -igrin

loin

by false etym.+

longshoreman 'bg^Jorman,

logroll 'bg^rol, 'lag-, 'Ing- |-ed -d

logwood 'bgjwud,

'log-,

S + 'lag-

-'livd;

'log-

ful [tooth tue [further 'fytSa^;

ES

'fstJa

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision

br;

loa(r,

la-

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

Visan [Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

low-down

260

lorgnette
Those words below in which the a sound
lorgnette brn'jet;

ES ban-;

{Fr

lorimer, L- 'brama^, 'lor-, lor-;

is spelt

ES

-m3(r

Eng nam^

'luis,

Louisa lu'iza

Lorrain lo'ren {Fr b'rse)

louis d'or Jui'dar, ,livi-;

Louise

lorry 'bri, 'lari, Uori |-ied -d

exist.

Ids-, -'aendsabs,

Other pronunciations

-iz

|-'s

resident phonetician writes,

only one Fve never heard

"The

los'agheles."

is

Los Angeles Chile, Am Sp los'aglieles

Los Angelean bsjaegga'lian. Ids-, -ndsaUian
1

Los Gatos bs'gatos,

bs. Ids

loth loe

Uatid

Fr

lot;

Lothian

-'Gea(r,

ES

lounge launds

-iz j-d -d

|-s

lour laur;

ES

laua(r;

n laus

|-'s

louse, V lauz

|-s

|-ed

louver

'luv3-;

ES

'lotJli,

'luva(r; |-ed -d

ES

love Iav loved

1

'lotas^ita^z;

ES

'Uvabl

|-bly -bli

Uvd

love-in-idleness 'lAvin'aidlnis [-es -iz

-^itaz

Lovel,

'lata, 'lati

-11

'IavI

Lovelace 'Uvles, 'Uvhs \-s -iz

Lottie

lovelock 'lAVjlak

'lati

lotto 'lato

lovelorn 'lAv,brn;

'lotas |-es -iz j-eater -iita^;

ES

-a(f

hu

ES

-jban

lovesick 'Uv^sik

Lovett

loud laud

'lAvit

loving-kindness 'lAvig'kaindnis, -'kainnis

louden 'laudn

|-ed -d |-ing 'laudnig,

loudmouthed 'laud'mauSd,

Loudon 'laudn

-dnig

ES

lowed led

-e lo

lowboy

ES

-'baan; ('lowjborn

'lass)

'lojbai

lowbred 'lo'brad ('low-bred 'horse)

Loughborough

'lAf^byo, -a;

ES

-ibsr-, -jbAr-,

-,b3^-

Loughrig 'Ufrig
Louis Fr name

'lui

{Fr Iwi)

in full 3-47.

lo

lowborn 'lo'bam;

-'spika(r

lough lax, Idx

|bath baeG;

low

Low,

-Gt

|-doun -dn

j-ville -jVil

loud-speaker 'laud'spika^;

Key: See

'luvra, 'luva(i

L- 'Uvat

lottery 'latari

lu,

|-iiig

lovability, loveab- jAva'bilati

adv loG-, lotj-

lotos 'lotas [-es -iz

Lou

-i

lousy 'lauzi

'luvra, 'luva^, luv;

lovat,

L-

|-y

luv; {Fr lu:vr)

lovable, loveable

lotus,

lu-

-d

-iz |lice lais |Iice's jlaisiz

-iz |-d -d

lotion Uqfan

Lotta

'lui^vil, 'liui-.

Lounsbury 'launz^ben, -ban

loup-garou Fr luga'ru \pl loups-

lothsome lotSsam

Lotos-Eaters

Ky

less freq. -iSjVil; S-i-'luivl, 'luavl

Louvre

-'Gaer-, -'Ger-

'lotiian

lothly adj

the

L'Ouverture, Toussaint Fr tus^luver'tyrr

la'terr)

Lothario WQerifi,

and

Louth Irel lautS, Lines lauG

Louvain lu'ven {Fr lu'v)

riv. lo, loc. lat

-fully Uo'Sfali

Lothaire, -thair lo'Ger, -'Oaer;

{Fr

lu,izi'aena.

lout laut |-ed -id

l-ful lotJfal

-'eaea(r;

lu'iz, [Louise's lu'iziz

Louisville 'luis^vil, 'liuis-;

louse

lost bst, iDSt

Lot Eng name

-jbsg, -jbyg

-'daa(r

Lourdes lurd; ES luad; {Fr lurd)

loc. -'gaetas |-'s -iz

|-es -iz

lot lot [lotted

ES

'laung

lose luz loses 'iuziz |lost bst, Inst

loss

ES

accentuations 'Louisi^ana, Lou'isijana.

Los Angeles Cal bs'^og^l^s.

-ndsa^liz

'liuis-;

jluizi'aena, jluizi'aena, la^wizi'sena,

losable, loseable 'luzabl

-lis,

lu'izaz

Competent observers also report

S Uon

'bri;

[-'s

Louisiana Juizi'aena, lu^izi'aena |-nian -man

Guillaume de Fr gijomdalD'ris

'lori,

|-'s

Louisburg 'luiSjbyg,

Lorraine lo'ren {Fr b'ten)

lory

and

'huis, 'lui, 'liui

-IZ, -z

lorn brn; ES ban

Lorna 'brna; ES 'bana

Lorris,

o are often pronounced with n in

Louis

Xii^jizi)

bee bl |pity

baG (10) |ah a

[far

'piti

low-brow 'lojbrau

low-browed 'lo'braud ('low^browed

'taste)

low-down n 'lojdaun
low-down adj 'lo'daun ('low-,down

'triclO

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg jangry 'ipg-gri

far |watch watj",

wntj

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

261

Lowell
Lowell

Lucerne lu'syn,

'IodI, 'lo-il

lower 'frown'

ES

'laua*;

'lau'3(r; |-ed -d j-ing

'less

lower

down'

'let

ES

high' 'loa';

ES

'loa^;

Lucia

'lo-3(r

'lo'3(r; |-ed

-d [-ing

ES

'loa^iinost;

ES

liu-;

-'s3n, -'syn; {Ger

lu'tsern)
liu-

'luja, 'hu-, -/la |-n -n

Lammermoor

Lucia di

ES

'loang, 'long

lowermost

Luzern

Lucetta lu'seta,

'laurig, 'lauarig

lower adj

lull

-'laemajmua(r;

lu'tjiadi'laema'jmur;
lu'tji:adi,lanimer-

{II

'mu:r)

'Icajinost

lowery 'laun, Uauari

Luciana

Lowes

lucid 'lusid, 'liusid |-ity lu'sidati, liu-

loz |Lowes's Uoziz

Lowestoft
lowland

'lost3f t, -tnft, loc.

'lojlaend, -land, adj

ES

lowlander 'lolanda^;

+ 'lostaf

Lucifer,

-land

Lucile,

jluji'aena, Jiu-, -'ana |-nus -nas

1-

Lucilius lu'silias, liu-, -Ijas

'lolandaCr

low-lifed 'lo'laivd ('low-'lifed ^fellow)

Lucina lu'saina, hu-

lowlihead 'loli^hed
low-lived 'lo'laivd ('low-ilived 'face)

Lucinda lu'sinda, liuLucio 'lujijo, 'Iiu-, -/jo

lowly

lucite 'lusait, 'liu-

'loll

Lowman

Lucius 'lu/as,

'Ionian

Lowndes laundz, launz

ES

low-pressure 'lo'prEja';
lowrie,

L-

lowrie

'lory' 'Ion, 'bri;

Uk

luck

-iz

|-'s

ES

'lusafa^, 'liu-;

-fa(r

-lie lu'sil, liu|-'s

-iz

'liu-, -Jias |-'s -iz

1-y -I 1-ily

'bkh, 'kkik

Lucknow 'Uknau

-'preJaCr

lucrative 'lukrativ, 'liu-

'fox' 'lauri

S 'Ion

lucre 'luka-, 'liu-;

ES

-ka(r

low-test 'lo'test ('low-^test 'gas)

Lucrece

Lowth lauG

Lucretia lu'krija, hu-, -Jia

Lowville 'lauvil
loyal 'bial, 'bjal |-ly

-jizam

]-ty -ti j-ism

-i

lu'kris,

hu-

|-'s

-iz

Lucretius lu'krijas, hu-, -/las

|-'s

lucubrate

-ku-

'lukjujbret,

'hu-,

-iz

Loyd bid

lucubration jlukju'brejan, /hu-, -ku-

Loyola bi'ob, b'job

Lucullus lu'kAlas, hu-

lozenge 'lazmds;

lubber 'lAba-;

ES

ES + 'lnz-;

|-s

Lucy

-iz |-d -d

'UbaCr; |-ed -d

ludicrous 'ludikras, 'hu-

Ludlow 'Udlo

|-al -1

lubricant 'lubnkant,

'husi

iLuddite 'Udait

Ludington 'bdigtan

'lubek, 'liu- |-bish -bij |-bs -bz

lubric 'lubrik, 'liu-

-iz j-lan -Ian j-lian

Ludendorf 'iudn,darf; ES -^daaf

Ludgate 'Ud/get, 'Udgit

(Ger 'ly:bek)

'liu-

'lusi,

Lud Ud

|-ly -li

Lubbock 'Ubak
Lubec 'lubek, 'bubek
Liibeck 'lubek,

|-'s

-han

Loyolite 'bio^lait, 'bjajait |-lism -jlizam

Lubeck

|-brated

-ibretid

|-ist -1st

|-lovian

Ud'lovian

Ludovic 'ludavik |-wick -wik

'liu-

lubricate 'lubn^ket, 'liu- |-d -id ]-tor

-a^;

ES

-3(r

Ludwig 'Udwig, -wik

Luella lu'ela, hu-

lubrication Jubn'ke/an, jliu-

lues 'luiz, 'hu-

lubricious lu'bri/as, liu- |-city -'brisati

luff

Uf

lubricous 'lubnkas, 'hu-

lug

kg

{Ger 'lu:tvix, 'lurd-)

Uft

luffed
I

Lucan

lugger 'kga';

'lukan, 'liu-

Lucas 'lukas, 'hu- |-'s

Lucasta lu'kaesta, huluce,

L-

lus,

has

lucence 'lusns,

|-s

-iz

lugubrious lu'gjubnas, liu'giu-, lu'gub|-'s

Luke luk, huk |-kan, -can -kan

lukewarm 'luk'warm, 'huk-; ES

-iz

-snt

('lukejwarm

liu-, -Jjo

lucerne, -rn lu'syn, liu-;

[full

lugsail 'lAgjsel, 'Ugsl

-iz

'liu- |-cy -i |-cent

Lucentio lu'sen/i^o,

Ugd luggage 'Ugids

ES 'lAga(r

lugged
I

ES

-'s3n, -'syn

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa';

ES

'fstJa

lull,

L-

1a1 |-ed

-'waam

'zeal)

-d |-aby -a/bai

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vigan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


lumbago

262

lumbago Um'bego
lumbar 'Umba^; ES UAmba(r
lumber 'lAmba^; ES -ba(r;
'lAmbng, -bong

lurid 'lund, 'bu-

lurk lyk;
|-ed

'hu-,

-man

-mina

luminary 'lumajneri, 'bulumine 'lumin, 'hu-

|-d

ES

Isk, lyk; |-ed -t

ES

Lurlei 'lurlai;

'lua-; {Ger 'lurlai)

lush IaJ

ES 'Umba-

-z |-mina

|-s

|-ing

'lAmba-

lumber-room 'lAmba^jrum, -jrum;

lumen 'lumin,

-d

luscious '1a/3S

ES

lumberjack 'lAmba^^dsaek;

-ly

Lusiad 'lusi^ad, 'bu-

|-s

-z

Lusitania /lusa 'tenia, ,bulust lAst llusted 'lAstid |-ful -fal |-fully -fab

-d

ES

luster, -tre 'ksta-;

luminesce Juma'nes, ,bu-

luminescence jluma'nesns, /bu- |-scent -snt

luminosity jluma'nasati, Jiu-;

-ta(r; |-(e)d

-d |lust(e)-

ring 'lAstang, 'lAstng

-iz |-d -t

|-s

ES + -'nDS-

luminous 'lumanas, 'buLumley, -ly 'Umb

ES

lusterer 'lAstara^;

lusterware,

'lAstara(r

'Ust^jwer,

lustre-

'lAstajWeaCr,

ES

-jwaer;

-jwaea(r

lustihead 'JAsti^bed jlustihood 'lAsti,hud

Lummis HAmis |-'s -iz

lummox 'lAinaks j-es -iz

lustral 'lAstral

lump Ump lumped lAmpt

Lumpkin 'Umpkin

lustrous 'lAstras

Luna,

lutanist 'lutnist, 'but-

lustrate 'Ustret |-d -id [-tion Us'tre/an

'luna,

1-

lustrum 'lAstram

'buna

'luna^, 'buna^;

-z |-tra -tra

lute lut, but |-d -id

lunacy 'lunasi, 'bulunar

|-s

ES

-n3(r; |-y

lutecium lu'ti/iam, bu-

-i

ES

lunate 'lunet, 'bu-, -nit |-tion lu'ne/an, liu-

Luther

lunatic 'luna^tik, 'bu-

Lutterworth 'kta'wa'G;

lunatical lu'naetikl,

bu-

'bu-;

'luGa^,

-6a(r; |-an -an, -6ran

ES 'UtawaO

Luttrell 'JAtral

|-ly -i, -ikli

lunch UntJ lunches 'Unt/iz lunched Unt/t

Lutz

luncheon 'lAntJan

lux lAks |-es -IZ \L pi luces 'lusiz, 'bu-

|-ed -d

lunchroom 'Unt/jrum, -jrum

luxe luks,

Uks

|-'s

-IZ

(Fr lyks)

Luxembourg 'lAksam^byg; ES

bun

lune lun,

luts, lAts

Lunenburg 'lunan^byg; ES

-jbag, -ibyg

Luxemburg 'lAksam^byg; ES

lunette lu'nst, bu-

lung Iao lunged lAijd

-jbsg, -ibs^g;

(Fr lyksa'bu:r)
-ibag, -]byg;

{Ger 'luksam^burk)

Undgd
ES 'lAg3(r
Lunger surname 'lAga^; ES 'UgaCr
lunger /row? lunge 'lAndsa^; ES 'UndsaCr

Unds

lunge

lunges 'lAndsiz lunged

|

lunger from lung 'Iaqs^;

lunkhead 'lAgk^bed
'luni,

Lupercal

luxuriate

lAg'surijct,

luxurious

'bum

'lupcrkl, 'bu-, -^kael

-kj"- is

lAg'surias,

due

to the

pron. with -kJ-

lupine, -in plant 'lupin, 'bu-

to accent)

lupus, L- 'lupas, 'bu-

lAg'gurias.

|-pi

Luquiens lu'kaen, bu- {Fr

lurch lytj;

lure lur,

-pai

ES

bur

Luzon

ES

'bdn,

-H

'Is'dn

See in full 3-47.

|bath bae9;

see

The pron.

is

less freq.

ivith

q.v.

'lAg3

The

phonetically normal {oicing

that with -g3- is

ES

due

to

analogy of

-'z3n, -'zyn

lu'zan, -'zon

Very many words in

-ly {esp. advs) are

from the vocah. when tlie pron. can

be found by adding the sounds -b directly to

-d

omitted

lure 'Irtimpet' 'lura \pl luren 'luran

Key:

-id

-ly ending of adjs (timely) b' advs (boldly) -b,

btjT, lyt/; |-es -iz |-ed -t

|-d

Uk'/ur

Luzerne Pa lu'zyn, bu-;

ly'kjse)

bu- ('Lu^ray 'Caverns)

lurdan, -e 'lydn;

|-d

analogy of 'lAk/ari,

luxury 'Uk/ari, much

Lupercalia jlupa^'keba, /bu-, -'kelja

lu're,

lAk'/ur-

with -g3- is phonetically normal; that

lupine 'wolfish^ 'bspain, 'bu-

Luray

|-cy -i |-ant

see luxurious

-ant

luxurious

lunn, L- Iau

luny

Luxor 'Uksar; ES 'lAksaa(r

luxuriance Ug'sunans, lAk'Jur-

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet jsang

far |watch watj,

wot/

sag

|angr>' 'aeg-gri

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gardg |go go

the corresponding

slowly

head pron., as slow

But

'slo-li.

if

as in real Vial

a single

only,

Ay form is

entered,

|-ly -i or full ful j-ly -i,

is

which

'holli,

between

where

sounded, or in sole sol

'solb, where both are sounded, or in

'hoh,

slo,

some question of pro-

niinciationis involved, the

Lyall

McAdoo

263

Lyall

|-ly

Lynn bn
lynx ligks lynxes 'bgksiz

wholly

lynx-eyed 'ligks'aid ('lynx-^eyed 'scout)

For variation

varies.

Lynchburg 'bntJTjyg; ES -bag, -byg

Lyndhurst 'bndhyst; ES -hsst, -hyst
Lyndsay 'bnzi, ^bndzi
Lynmouth 'bnmsO

Lyon Eng name

b'l see -y in the vocab.

Uaisn; Fr city see Lyons

lyonnaise jlaia'nez {Fr Ijo'nEiz)

'laial

lycanthropy lai'kaenGrapi

Lyonness, -sse Jaia'nes

lyceum lai'sism, 'laisism |L- lai'siam

Lychorida lai'konda, -'kar-, -'knr-

Lyons Eng name

Lycia

Lyra,

'lijia

-IZ

iLycian li/ian

Lycidas 'hsadas

j-'s

1-

Lyon

Fr

city

Lycoming lai'kanug; ES + -'kDm-

ES

'laira \geti

lyre lair;

-'ksg-, -'kyg-;

j-'s

LjTae

ES

lai3(r; |-d -d

ES

lyrebird 'laiijbyd;

'laia^bsd, 'laia^byd

-ikh

lyddite ^kdait

lyricism 'brajSizam

|-cist -sist

Lydekker lai'deka^, h-; ES -dekaCr

Lydenberg Uaidn^byg; ES -ibag, -ibyg
Lydgate 'bdget, -git
Lydia 'bdia j-n -n

IjTicize 'brajsaiz

-iz ]-d

Lysander

lye 'alkali' lax jlyed laid lying 'laiio

lyse lais jlyses 4aisiz |lysed laist

Lyell

Lysias 'bsias

\-s

lyrist lyric poet

'laial

'bnst

lai'saenda^;

|-'s

ES

lysimeter lai'simata^;

Uaiig

lymph bmf, Iimpf

|-atic

lymphocyte 'brnfa^sait
lymphoid Uimfaid
Lympne lim

j-'s

|-'s

-iz

-t3(r

|-'s

-iz

lysis 'laisis

-iz

bm'faetik
j-tic

ES

lysin Uaisin |-sine 'laisin, -sin

-iz

Lysippus lai'sipas

Regis 'laim'ridsis

-'saenda(r

-iz

Lysimachus lai'simskss

lying 'deceiving,' 'reclining' 'treating with lye'

]-'s

-d

lyrist lyre-player 'lairist, 'lir-

Lyme

'lairi

lyric 'brik 1-al -1 |-ally -b,

-IZ

Lykens 'laikinz, -kanz

Lyly 'bb

Uaianz

Ijo)

lyrate 'lairet, -rit

-iz

Lycurgus lai'kygas;

{Fr

-iz

|-'s

'laianz,

lysol laisal, -sol, -sal

Lyte

jbmfa'sitik

lait

Lytell

Lytle

'laitl, ^ht],

lyncean bn'sian

Lyttleton 'btltan

lynch, L- bnt/ lynches ^nt/iz I-ed -t

Lytton 4itn

b'tel

'laitl, 'btl

M
m letter em \pl M's, Ms, poss M's emz
'm unstressed form of am after I,
ma'am maem, mam, -m, -m
Mab maeb

macabre ma'kabra, ma'kaba^;

Mabel 'mebl

MacAdam

M,

Mabinogion jmaeba'nogian
Mac-, Mc-, M'- pro7i. ma-, mi-, mak-, mik-

alphabetically

M'

&

Mc

are placed with

Mac
|full

ful jtooth tuG Ifurther 'fytia^;

macadam, ma'kaedam

ES

'fstSa

-'kabra,

|-ize -^aiz |-izes -^aiziz

|-ized -jaizd

|-s's

mak'aedam, maek'sedam

|-s

-z

-ZIZ

macadamization

majkaedama'ze/an,

-mai-

'ze/an

McAdoo

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij [vision

ES

-'kaba(r

'maeka^du

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how hau |toy

Visan [Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

made-up

264

McAllister
McAllister, Macalister ma'kaelasta' ;

ES

machine ma'/in |-d -d |-ry -an, -n |-ist -ist

Mcllrath 'maekljraO, 'maekl,ra6
Mcintosh 'maekin^taj; ES + '^toJ; |-'s -iz
Maclvor, Flm-a mak'aiva^, -'ivar-; ES -va(r

-t3(r

macaroni jmaeka'roni

ES + -'rDnik
macaroon jmaekaVun ('macajroon 'tart)
MacArthur mak'arGa^; ES m3k'a:03(r,
macaronic jinaeka'ranik;

E+

mackerel 'maekaral, 'maekral

Mackinac

-'are-

co., isl.,

and

strait

Macaulay ma 'kali
Macbeth maek'b6, mak'bsO

mackintosh

'maekin^taj";

ES+-jtDX;

Maccabees 'maekajbiz |-bean ^maeka'bian

Maccabeus jinaeka'bias |Maccabeus's -'biasiz

McLaughlin ma'kloklin,

M'Carthy ma'karGi; ES ma'kaiei, E+-'ka:Oi

McClellan ma'kklan

McLean

Macclesfield 'maeklzjflld

McColl ma'kal
McCormack ma^karmak; ES ma'kaamak
McCormick ma'kormik; ES ma'kaamik
MacCracken ma'kraekan

-la,

-h

MacTavish

-'fa:l-,

-Ian;

ES

-'fa:l-,

ma'kredi, ma'kridi

mak'tae^^X, maek'taevi/

maculate

v 'maekja^let, 'maekjujlet [-d -id

MacVeagh mak've

mad maed [madded

'maedid

Madagascar jmaeda'gaeska^; ES

MacFlecknoe mak'flEkno, mask-

-ka(r; |-can

-kan

ma'gihi

madam 'maedam

university ma'gil, mi'gil

Macgillicuddy ma'gilajkAdi, 'maegj^k-, 'mae-

madame 'maedam

{Fr ma'dam, pi

me'dam)
madcap 'maed^kaep
madden, M- 'maedn

gliik-

MacGillivray ma'gilavri, ma'gilavari

Machen Arthur 'maekan

McHenry mak'hnri, ma'kenri

j-ed -d

mesdames

|-ing

'mdnig,

'masdnii)

machete ma't/ete, ma'Jet, ma'/eti {Sp ma-

madder

'maeda^;

ES

'maedaCr

made med

HJete)

Machias ma'tfaias

|-'s

Madeira ma'dira

-iz

Machiavelli ^maekiaVeh, -kja- {It ^makja-

Madeleine 'maedl^en

Madeline 'maedjjain, 'mdlin

VeUi)

Machiavellian jmaekiaVdian, -kja-, -Ijan

machinate 'maekajnet

[-d -id

|-tion

^maeka-

mademoiselle jmaedama'zel {Fr madmwa'zl,

mam'zel)

made-up 'medVp ('made-jUp

'nejan

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

mak'mkan

maculate adj 'maekjaht, 'maekjuht

E + -'fa:l-

Key:

-en

maculation jmaekja'lejan, ^maskju'lejan

MacFarlane mak'farhn,

McGill

-iz

MacReady

E+-'fa:l-

McGehee

ma'klen, mak'len

Macrobius ma'krobias |-crobius's -'krobiasiz

macrocosm 'maekrajkazam; ES+-jkDzam
macron 'mekran, 'mekran, 'mekron, 'maekJMcShea mak'Je

macerate 'majsa^ret [macerated 'maesa^retid

ES

-af-;

MacMillan maek'milan, mak'milan

MacMonnies mak'mAniz |-Monnies' -'mAniz
Macomb ma'kom, Mich ma'kum, -'kom
Macon 'mekan, 'mekan, 'mekon

-Ian;

|-es -iz

-ax-,

MacLeish mak'lij jMacLeish's mak'lijiz

McLeod ma'klaud
McLoughlin ma'klakbn; ES + -DkMacManus mak'maenas, -'manas, -'menas
|-'s

McDougal, -11 mak'dugl, maekMacDowell composer mak'daual

McDowell Am general mak'daual
Macduff maek'dAf, mak'dAf
mace mes maces 'mesiz |maced mest
Macedon 'maesajdan; ES + 'niaesajdon
Macedonia jmaesa'donia, -'donja |-n -n

McFarland mak'farland,

-'gl-,

ES+-D-

McMechan,

McCrae ma'kre
McCrea ma'kre
McCulloch, -ough ma'kAlax, -'kAlak,

'maekajna

Mackinaw 'maeka^na
McKinley ma'kinli

Macassar ma'kaesa'; ES ma'kaesaCr

bee bi Ipity

ba0 (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

'story)

(6) [rate ret [yet jet jsang saeg langn,' 'ag-gri

far |watch watj,

wotX

(12) |jaw dja |gorge gards |go go


Madge
Madge maeds Madge's
|

'maedjiz

Margery

c/

and see 121

madhouse 'maed^haus -houses -^hauziz
Madison 'maedasn
madman 'maed^maen, 'maedman [-men -man
Madonna ma'dana; ES+ma'dona
madras ma'draes, 'maedras, ma'dras
Madras ma'draes, ma'dras |-'s -iz
Madrid US Waedrid, Spain ma'drid {Sp
|

Brit India 'maedsura, -dju-;

Du

E.

Indies ma'dura

magnate 'maegnet
magnesia maeg'nija, -33 |-sium -/lam, -31am
magnesite 'maegm^sait

magnet 'maegmt
magnetic maeg'netik

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

magnetism 'maegna^tizam
magnetite 'maegnajtait
|-tizes -jtaiziz |-d

magnetogenerator maegjmto'd3najret3';

magnetometer

Mae me

maelstrom,

M-

|-s

maestro 'maistro

-z

jmaegna'tamata^;

ES

-ta(r,

{It

'mEta-;

magnification jmaegnafa'keXan

magnificence maeg'nifasns |-cent -snt

ma'estro)

ES

'meta-,

{Du 'matarjigk, Fr mater'!*)

'storehouse^ jinaega'zin, 'periodical'

;maega'zin, 'maegajzin

Magdalen Bible 'maegdahn, -Ian, Oxf college

'madhn
Magdalene Bible 'maegdajin, jmaegda'lini,
college

magnetoscope masg'nitajskop, maeg'netamagnific maeg'mfik |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikh

Magnificat maeg'nifijkaet

|maenades 'menajdiz

Maeterlinck 'meta'jligk, 'meta^-;

magazine

-'sinasiz

'melstram

maenad 'minaed

'madlin

Magdeburg 'maegda^byg; ES 'maegda^bsg,

magnifico maeg'nifa;ko

magnify 'maegna^fai |-fied -jfaid

magniloquence maeg'nilakwans |-quent

-kwant
magnitude 'maegna^tjud, -^tiud, -^tud
magnolia maeg'noha, -'nolja

magnum 'maegnam
Magog 'megag, 'megog
Magoun ma 'gun
magpie 'maeg^pai

-jbyg; {Ger 'makda^burk)

Magellan ma'dselan Magellanic

^maedsa-

'laemk

M- ma'dsenta
Maggiore ma'dson, ma'dsari; S ma'dsori;

magenta,

maguey 'maegwe {Sp ma'ge'i)

Magus 'megas |Magi 'med3ai
Magyar 'maegjar; ES 'maegia:(r, E+-gia:(r;
{Hung 'modjor)

Mahan

mad'd3o:re)

ma'haen, 'me-an

Mahanoy

maggot 'maegat [maggoty 'maegati

Maggy 'maegi cj Margaret and see 121

maharaja,

Magi 'medsai

^maha'nai
-h

jmaha'rad3a

{Hind ma'ha-

'rad3a)

magic 'maedsik |-al -1

magician ma'dsi/an

|-ally -li,

maharani, -nee jmaha'rani {Hind ma'ha'rani)

-ikk

Maginot 'maesa^no, 'mag- {Fr masi'no)

mahatma ma'haetma, ma'hatma

Mahdi 'madi

magisterial jmaedsis'tirial

mah-jongg, -ng ma'd3ai), -'dsog, -'d3ag

|-ly -i

magistery 'masdsiSiteri
magistral 'maedsistral

|-ly -i |-stracy -strasi

magistrate 'maedsis^tret, 'maedsistrit

magma 'maegma |magmas 'maegmaz

|mag-

mata 'maegmata
Charta,

-'ka:ta,
|full

ES

-'tom-

Maeander mi'aenda^; ES mi'aenda(r

Maecenas mi'sinas, mi- |Maecenases

Magna

-d

-ta(r

maduro ma'duro {Sp ma'Suro)

{It

|-mity ^maegna-

'nimati

magneto maeg'nito

madrigal 'maedrigl

Madura

magnanimous maeg'naenamas

magnetize 'maegna^taiz

ma'SriS, ma'Sri)

Camb

mahout

265

Carta

'maegna'karta;

E + -'ka:ta

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa';

ES

ES

mahogany ma'hagani, ma'togani

Mahometan ma'hamatan, -'homMahommed ma'hamid, ma'homid |-an -an
Mahon Am name 'mean, ma'hun, -'hon
Mahoning ma'honig
Mahound ma'haund, ma'hund
mahout ma'haut

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

[Eden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


maid

mallet

266

maid med maiden 'medn

maladjusted imaela'dsAstid j-justment -'dsAst-

maidenhair 'medn^hor,

-jhaer;

-jheaCr,

ES

mant
maladminister ^maelad'minast*;

-jhaea(r

maidenhead 'mednjhed [maidenhood 'medn-

ES

-'min-

asta(r

ihud
maidservant 'med^syvant; -/ssvant, -^syvant

maladministration jmaelad,mina'strej3n

Maidstone Engd 'medstan, 'medjston

mail mel Imailed meld |mailable 'mebbl

malady 'maeladi
Malaga 'maelaga

mailbag 'niel,baEg

malaise mae'lez {Fr ma'leiz)

mailbox 'mel^baks;

ES + Weljboks;

mailman 'meljmaen
'melman
maim mem [maimed
main men
Maine men

|mailmen

memd

|-es -iz

'melimen.

ES

malapert 'maela^ps-t;

-^pst, -,pyt

Malaprop 'maela;prap; ES + -jprDp

malapropism 'maelaprapjizam; ES-i- -propmalapropos jmaelaepra'po

|-edly -idh

malaria ma'lsria, ma'leria, ma'laeria

j-l

-1

malassimilation 'maela,sima'leXan

mainland Weiijlaend, Wenland

mainmast

maladroit ^maela'drait ('mala^droit 'move)

Wenjmaest,

-mast;

E + -jmast,

-;mast

Malay ma'le, 'mele |-an ma'lean

Malaysian ma'Ie/an, ma'lesan
Malchus 'maelkas [Malchus's 'maelkasiz
Malcolm 'maelkam, /orwer/v 'makam

mainsail 'men^sel, naut. ^mensl

mainsheet 'menjit

malcontent 'maelkan^tent

mainspring 'menjspno

mal de mer Fr malda'meir

Maiden 'maldan, 'maldin Maldon 'maldan
male mel

mainstay 'men,ste [mainstayed 'men,sted

maintain men'ten, man'ten j-tained -'tend
maintenance 'mentanans, -tin- |-s -iz

Mainwaring

'maenarig,

-war-,

'menwariij,

-WDt-

maledict

'maelajdikt

|-ed ^maelkan'tentid

[-ed

-id

;maela-

|-ion

'dik/an

maledictory jmaela'diktari,

-tri

ES

maitre d'hotel Fr metrada'tel, metdb'tEl

malefaction ^maela'faekjan

maize mez [maizes 'meziz

ma'kfik [-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

maleficence ma'kfasns [-cent -snt
malevolence ma'kvalans [-lent -lant

majestic ma'd3estik

[-tor -ta^;

|-al -1 [-ally -li,

-ikh

majesty 'maedsisti, 'maedsasti

majolica ma'dsahka, ma'jal-;

ES + -d1-

malfeasance jmael'fizns [-feasances -'fiznsiz

major 'med33'; ES 'medgaCr; [-ed -d

Majorca ma'dsarka; ES ma'dsaaka

malformation jmaelfar'me/an;

ES

-faa'mejan

major-domo 'medsa^'domo; ES 'medsa'domo

malformed mael'farmd; ES -'faamd

malic 'maelik, 'mehk

majority ma'dsarati, -'dsar-, -'dsor-

malice 'maelis j-licious ma'lifas

majuscule ma'dsAskjul, -kiul

malign

make mek [made med

malignance ma'lignans

makebate 'mek,bet
make-beheve 'mekbajllv

malignity ma'lignati
malines, -line ma'lin {Fr ma'lin)

makeshift 'mekj/ift

malinger ma'ligga^;

make-up 'mek^Ap
makeweight 'mek^wet
Malabar 'maelajbar, jmaela'bar; ES
E + -a:(r; ('Mala^bar 'Coast)
Malacca ma^laeka

ma 'lain

malleable 'maebabl

'tejan

mallet,

bee bi jpity
[far

|-ing

ES

-'liggara(r

mall 'maul' mal j-ed -d

maladaptation ^masladaep'tejan, ^maelaedap-

baG (10) [ah a

|-ed -d

malkin 'makin [Malkin 'maelkin, 'makin

mallard 'maela^d;

-ga(r;

-nant

malison 'maslazn, -sn

Mall mael, mal

See in full 3-47.

ES

malingerer ma'liggara';
-a:(r.

malachite 'majla^kait

jbath baeO;

|-cy -i [-nant

-gang, -grig

Malachi 'maelajkai

Key:

-ta(r

malefic

'piti

M-

see Pall

ES

Mall

'maelad

[-bility jmaeha'bilati

'maeht

(6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg jangn,- 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj",

wntj

(12) [jaw d^o [gorge gards [go go

mallow
mallow

manganite

267
manageability jmaenidsa'bilati

'maslo, -a

Malmesbury Wamzjberi, Wamzbari

manageable 'maenidsabj

M- Wamzi

malmsey,

malnutrition jinaelnju'trijan, -niu-, -nu-

malodor

mael'oda^;

ES

mael'od3(r;

|-ous

malonic ms'lanik,

m3%nik; ES + -'lDnik

Malory 'maebn
malpractice mael'praektis

maiiana ma'njana {Sp ma'jiana)

M-

malt malt malted 'maltid

manatee,

Manchester

Maltese mal'tiz

|-s

-iz ('Mal^tese 'cat)

-'6iuz-, -'Ouz-, -jan

'maelva^n, maelVs'n,

tralia 'malvs^n, 'malva^n;

ES

Engd, Aus-

-an, -sn,

ES

jmaelva^'sejan;

-yn

^maelva-

mama Wama, now

rare

ma'ma

Mamaroneck ma'maera^nek
Mameluke, m- 'mjema/luk, 'maemajiuk
Mamilius ma'milias, -'miljas

|-'s

-iz

'mama, now rare ma'ma

gland'
'maema
mammae
j

'maeml [mammalia mae'melia,

mammalogy

mae'maeladsi

|-gist

j-damuses -'demasiz

mandarin n 'maendarin, v jmaenda'rin |-d -d

mandatary 'maendajten
mandate n 'maendet, -dit, v -det [-d -id
mandator masn'deta^; ES masn'deta(r
mandatory 'maendajtori, -jtan; S -jtori
Mandeville 'maendajVil

'maema^kri

mandrake 'maendrik, 'maendrek

mandrel,

'maemi

M- maen

|men

men [manned maend

nounced in sg b' pi -man.

In

the sg f pi

-man

deliberate

often becomes sg -jmaen,

-/men (horsemen

'racing sports'

'cavalry'

'harsjmen).

In

|-d

j-s -iz [-d

-'nuvarig, -'nuvno

Manfred

-d j-ling -klig,
-d |-ment -mant

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

'maen;ita(r

manege mae'neg, mae'neg |-s -iz {Fr ma'ne:5)

manes 'meniz
Manet ma'ne {Fr ma'ne)
maneuver ma'nuva'; ES -'nuva(r; j-ed -d [-ing

the vocab.

-klio

manage 'maenids

mane men [maned mend

man-eater 'maenjita^; ES

maneuverability majnuvara'bilati

are given.
-ikl

'maendral, 'maendril

'harsman;

usually only the popular and colloquial forms

manacle 'maenakl,

-il

mandrill 'maendril

speech or sometimes with special meaning,

[full

^maenda'le

mandolin 'maandl^in, jmaendl'in

mandragora maen'draegara

-man, -men second elemejit of compound nouns

(policeman).
In most popidar words pro-

pi

manciple 'maensapl

-Ija

-dsist

mammary 'maemari |mammilary

mammon, M- 'maeman
mammoth 'maema8 ]-ths -6s
man,

-ku'oan,

mandible 'maendabl

'maemi

mammy

jmaentjuku'o,

j-ed -t

mamba 'mamba

'milk

'language)

^maentju'kwoan,

mandamus mfen'demas

Malvolio maeFvohjO, mael'voljo

'mother'

ES

maen't/ukawan
Manchuria maen't/uria

Mandalay 'maendaje,

'se/an

mammal

Manchu maen'tju ('Man^chu

Manchukuo jmaentju'kwo,
Manchukuoan

maltreat mael'trit |-ed -id [-ment -mant

malversation

'maent/ista^ ;

maen't/uko

maltose 'maltos

US

jmaena'ti
'maenjtjesta',

-ta(r

'maelGas jMalthus's 'maelBasiz

Malthusian mael'Ojuzian,

E+

-'a:mz

|-tices -tisiz

Malta 'malta

mamma
mamma

-esses -isiz

Manassas ma'naesas [-nassas' -'naesas

Manasseh ma'naesa, -si
man-at-arms 'maenat'armz; ES -'a:mz,

Malone ma'lon

Malvern

Manasquan 'maena^skwan, -jskwnn

-'odaras

Mai thus

|-bly -bli

manageress 'maenidsans, -dsns

managerial ^maena'dsirial j-ly -i

ES

'fstfa

'maenfrid, 'maenfred

manful 'maenfal |-ly -i

manganese 'maetjga/nis, 'maen-, jmaegga'nis,
/maen-, -^mz, -'niz

manganic maen'gaenik, maeg'gaenik

manganite 'maegga,nait, 'maen^a^nait
[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

mange

manufacture

268

mange mends

Imanged

mendsd

Imangy

'mendsi
mangel-wurzel

'maeogl'wyzj,

ES

-'ws'tsl ,

manly,

M-

'maenli

Mann, Horace 'hans'maen, 'bans, 'bons, -as

Mann, Thomas 'tamas'maen, 'man; ES-i'tomas; (Ger 'tormas'mon)

-'w3-, -'wy-; accl+-,wurze[

manger Wendsa^; ES 'mend33(r

mangle 'raaeggl \-d -d |-ling 'maegghi),

manna
glio

mango 'maeggo
mangonel 'maeggajnel
mangosteen 'maeggajstin
mangrove 'maeggrov, Waenmanhandle 'maen^haendl, jmaen'haendl -d -d

'maena

mannequin 'maenakin
manner 'maena^; ES 'maena(r; |-s -z [-ed -d
mannerism 'maenajtizam
Mannheim 'maenhaim (Ger 'mmibaim)
mannish 'maemj
mannitol 'maenajtol, 'maenajtal,

Manhattan maen'haetn ('Man^hattan

'Bor-

manoeuvre ma'nuva'-; ES

ough)

[-ring -'nuvarig,

Manheim US 'maenhaim

man-of-war

manhole 'maen^hol

manhood

-jtnl

Manoah ma'noa

|-ling -dlig, -dlig

-'nuva(r;

|-

d -d

-'nuvng

'maenavVar,

'maena'war;

ma'nomata^;

ES

manometer

'mffinhud

-'namata(r.

man-hour 'mten'aur; ES 'maen'auaCr

mania 'menia |-niac 'meni^aek

manor 'maen; ES 'maena(r

maniacal ms'naiakl

manorial ma'nonal, mae-, -'nar-; S -'nor-

-'nom-

|-ly -i

mansard 'maensard; ES 'mansard, E + -sa:d

manse maens manses 'maensiz

manic 'menik, 'maenik

Manichean jmaena'kian

manicure 'maeni^kjur, -jkiur;

ES

-jkju3(r.

manservant 'maen,S3"vant |menservants 'menjS3^vants;

-jkiu-

|ES -]S3v-, -jS^v-

manifest 'maen3;f8st |-fested -jfestid

Mansfield 'maenz^fild, 'maens^fild

manifestation jmaenafEs'teXan, -fas'te/an

mansion 'maen/an |mansioned 'maen/and

manifesto jmaena'festo

manslaughter 'maenjslata'; ES -ta(r

manslayer Waenjslea'; ES 'masn,sle-a(r

manikin 'msenakin
-11a,

m- ma'nila

manioc 'maenijak, 'meni^ak; ES-i--jDk

maniple 'maenapl |manipled 'ma^napld
manipulate ma'nipjajlet

ES

-lator

|-lated -jletid
]

mansuetude 'mienswi^tjud, -^tiud,

manteau 'maento (Fr ma'to)
Manteca maen'tika
mantel 'maentl |manteled 'maentld

manipulation majiupjalejan

Mantell maen'tel, 'mantel

mantelpiece 'maentljpis j-pieces

Manistee jmaena'sti

Manti 'maentai

-jleta';

Manistique

-jlet3(r

mantilla maen'tila

Manitoba

mantis 'mantis

^maena'toba,

jmaenato'ba

j-ban

-jpisiz

|-es -iz

[mantes 'mantiz

mantissa man'tisa

-'toban

Manitou 'maenajtu

mantle 'mantl

Manitoulin ^maena'tulin

mantrap 'man,trap
mantua 'mantjua, 'mantua

Manitowoc jraaenata'wak, -Vnk

Mankato maen'keto
mankind m^n^kaind (^man^kind

Mantua

&

'woman-

jkind)

Manley 'maenh
manhke 'maenjaik
Manlius 'mtenhas

|-d

-d j-ling 'mantlig, -tbg

'mantj"ua, 'mantua,

manual 'manjual |-ly -i

Manuel 'manjual, 'manju^el
manufactory ^manja'taktari,

'manta^we

-'faktri

manufacture jmanja'takt/*, ^mana'takt/a-;

|-'s

ES

-iz

See in full 3-47.

Ibath bae;

-jtud

mantic 'maentik

jinajna'stik

manito 'maena^to |manitou, -tu 'maenajtu

Key:

|-ry

-ri

manifold 'maen3,fold 1-folded -jfoldid

Manila,

ES

-'wDa(r

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti ( 6)

-tja(r; [-d -d |-ring -tjarig, -t/rig

Irate ret |yet jet |sang

sag

jangrj' 'ag-gri

far [watch watj, WDtJ" (12) Ijaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

manumission

269

Words below in which a before r (farm) is sounded a are often pronounced in E with a (fa:m)
Words below that have ae before r (carry 'kaeri) are often pronounced hi N with e ( 'ken, 94)
manumission

Marcius 'mar/ias,

jmaenJ3'iniJ"3n, jmaenju-

ES

-/as;

'ma:/-;

j-'s

-iz

manumit ^maenja'init, jmaenju- |-ted -id

manure ma'njur, ma'mur, ma'nur; ES -3(r;

Marco 'marko; ES 'ma:ko

Marconi mar'kom; ES ma:'kom

l-d-d
manuscript 'msnjajskript

marconigram mar'komjgraem;

manward 'maenwa^d; ES 'maenwad; |-s -z

Manwaring 'maenariij, 'maenwang, -war-.

Marcus 'markas; ES 'ma:kas; |-'s -iz

Mardian 'mardian, -djan; ES 'ma:dMardi gras 'mardi'gra, -'gra; ES 'ma:dimare mer, maer; E mea(r, ES maea(r

-wor-

manwise 'maen^waiz
Manx maegks

Manxman

Marengo, m- ma'reggo

'maegksmdn,

-jtnaen [-men

-man.

-jmen

many

'mni |many's 'nxEiuz

\occas. unstressed

'haumani'men)

'meaz-,

ES

mare's-tail 'merz^tel, 'maerz-;

'meaz-,

ES

'maeaz-

manysided 'msni'saidid ('many-sided 'man)

Maori 'maun, 'man
map maep mapped maept
|

M-

mares-nest 'merz^nest, 'maerz-;

'masaz-

mam (how many men

maple,

ES ma'kom-

jgraem

'mepl ]mapled 'mepld

Margaret 'margrit, 'margant; ES 'ma:gmargaric mar'gaerik, -'garik;

ES

margarine 'mardsajrin,

much

'marga-;

Mapleton 'mepltan, 'maeplMappleton 'mapltan

ES

-rin,

'ma:d3-,

ma:'gless freq.

acct +

'ma:g-;

^marga'rine

Margarita jmarga'rJta;

ES

Maquoketa ms'kokita
mar mar; ES ma:(r; |-red -d

Margate Engd 'margit,

NJ

Maracaibo imaera'kaibo, ^mara-

marge mords; ES ma:d5; ]-s -iz |-d -d

margent 'mardsant; ES 'ma:d3ant
Margery 'mardsan, -dsn; ES 'ma:d3margin 'mardgin; ES 'ma:d3in; |-ed -d

M- ^maera'skino
marathon, M- 'maerajBan, -finn, -6an
maraud ma 'tad marauded ma'radid
|

-bho
Marblehead

-d |-ling -blig.

ES

'marbl'hed;

'morbljhed,

'ma:bl-

Marburg 'marbyg; ES Wa:b3g,

'raarbyg;

{Ger 'marburk)

marcel mar'sel;

ES

ES

'ma:ka,sait

ma:'sel; ('marked 'wave)

ES ^marsMarcella mar'sela; ES ma:'sela

Marcellus mar'selas; ES ma:-; |-'s -iz
march, M- mart/; ES maitj; |-es -iz |-ed
marchesa mar'keza; ES mar'keza;
Marceline ,marsl'm;

|-ly -i

ES

-Ija;

/ma:d3-

Margot Eng name {from Margaret) 'margat.

Fr 7iame 'margo; ES 'ma:gmargrave 'margrev; ES 'ma:grev
margravine 'margrajvin; ES 'ma:graivin

M-

^marga'tit;

ES

jma:ga'rlt

Maria ma'raia, ma'ria

Marian 'merian, 'maerian, 'merian
Mariana jmsri'aena, ^maer-, ^mer-, Sp

schol.

Marianne jmEri'aen, jmeri'aen

Maria Theresa ma'raiata'riza,
-t

{It

-ta'rssa

(//

ma'ri:ate'r:za)

Marie ma'ri, 'man,

'maeri

Marietta ^mEn'eta, ^meri-

marchese mar'keze;

ES

mar'keze;

{It

mar-

marigold 'maera^gold

marijuana jmari'hwana {Sp jmari'xwana)

'ke:ze)

'marjams,

'maijams, jmaiJa'nEs;

^marj'a'nes;
|-es -iz

marchpane 'martj^pen; ES 'ma:t/jpen

|full

ES

jmari'ana {Sp ^mari'ana)

mar'ke:za)

marchioness

'ma:d3-;

marginalia jmard3a'neha,

marguerite,

Marcade 'markajdi; ES 'ma:kmarcasite 'marka^sait;

ES

marginal 'mardsinl;
|-d

'marget, -git;

'ma:g-

maraschino,

Marazion jmsera'zaian
marble 'marbl; ES 'ma:bl;

jma:ga'rita

ful |tooth tuO [further 'fytJa^;

ES

ES

marimba ma'nmba
Marina ma'rina, -'raina
marine

ma 'rin

'fsSa |custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vi3an

hau

[toy tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

martyr

270

Words below in which a before r (farm) is sourided a are often pronounced in E with a (farm)
Words below that have ae before r (carry 'kaeri) are often pronounced i^i N with e ('ken, 94)
mariner 'maerana^;

ES

Marion 'merian,

Marquand mar'kwand, -'kwnnd; ES mar-;

'maeranaCr

ES + -'d1-

Mariolatry jmEri'alatri, ^meri-;

NC

'mae-, 'me-,

'me-.

('Mar^quand

SC

marionette ^maeria'nEt

Mariposa ^maera'posa, -'poza

'kes-

marish 'marsh' 'maerij |marishes WaeriXiz

marish

'like

'Hall)

marque mark; ES mark

marquee mar'ki; ES mar'ki
Marquesas mar'kesas, mar'kesaes; ES mar-

a mare' 'merij", 'maerij; S 'maer-

marquetry 'markatri; ES 'markatn

Marquette mar'kEt; ES mar'ket
marquis, -ess 'markwis;

Marissa ma'nsa
marital 'maeratl

ES 'markwis;

maritime Waerajtaim

marquisette jmarki'zet, -kwi'zet;

Marius 'merias, 'maerias, 'merias \-'s -iz

marjoram 'mardsaram; ES 'mardgaram

marriage 'maerids

Marjoribanks

'mar/-;

'martjjbaegks,

Marjorie, -ry 'mardsari, -dsn;

M- mark; ES

Mark Antony

ma:k;

ES

'mards-

|-ed -t |-edly -idli

'mark'aentani ;

ES

market 'markit; ES 'markit;

-abj |-bly -bh

'mark-

ES ^markMarkham 'markam; ES 'morkam

marksman 'marksman; ES 'marks-; 1-men
-man

^mark-

marrow 'maero, 'maera j-ed -d i-ing 'maerawig

marrowbone 'maerojbon, 'maeramarrowfat 'marajfaet, 'maero-

marrowy 'maerawi
marry 'maen married 'maend
Marryat 'maeriat, 'maen^aet
Mars marz; ES marz; |-'s -iz
Marseillaise

ES

^marsl'ez;

jmarsl'ez;

{Fr

marse'jerz)
Marseilles,

m-

mar'selz;

ES

mar'selz;

|-'s

-iz

{Fr Marseille mar'serj)

ES

marl marl;

Marlborough,

marsh,

marl; |-ed -d

-ro

US

'marljbyo, -a;

ibsr-, -jbAt-, -jby-;

ES 'marl-

Mos5 + 'mnlbra ; Engd

ES 'marlin
marline 'marlin; ES 'marlin; -spike -^spaik
Marlow, -lowe 'marlo; ES 'marlo
Marmaduke 'marma^djuk, -jdiuk, -^duk; ES
Marlin 'marhn;

'marmamarmalade 'marml^ed, jmarml'ed; ES 'marma-, jmarmaMarmara 'marmara; ES 'marmara

Marmion 'marmian, 'marmjan; ES 'marmMarmora 'marmara, mar'mora, -'mara; ES
'marmara, mar'mora, E+mar'mara

marmoreal

mar'morial,

-'mar-;

ES

marsupial mar'supial,

'marjl^si

M-

-^maela;

ES 'mar/ES ma-

-'siu-, -'sju-;

ES mart
ES mar'tel
marten 'martin, 'martn; ES 'martMartha 'marGa; ES 'marOa
martial, M- 'marjal; ES 'marjal; |-ly -i
Martian 'marjian, 'marjjan; ES 'niarjmartin, M- 'martin, 'martn; ES 'martMartineau jmarti'no, ^martn'o; ES ^martmartinet jmartn'et, 'martn,t; ES ,mart-,
mart,

mart;

Martel mar'ttl;

ES mar-; |-nez' -niz

ES 'martrijgel
Martinique ^martri'ik; ES /martn'ik
Martinmas 'martinmas; ES 'martinmas;
Martinez mar'tiniz;

martlet 'martlit;

martyr 'martcy;

'mar^plat, -jplot

Marprelate 'mar^prElit;

ES

See in full 3^7.

ES

martingale 'martrijgel;

marmoset 'marmajZEt; ES 'marma^zet

marmot 'marmat; ES 'marmat
Marne marn; ES mam; {Fr marn)
maroon ma'run marooned ma'rund

[bath baeG;

Marshalsea 'marjljsi;

-i

-d

'mart-

ES ma-

E + -'mar-

marplot 'mar^plat;

M- mar/; ES marj; |-es -iz |-y

M- 'marfal; ES 'marjal; |-ed

marshal,

marshmallow 'marjjmaelo,

'malbara, -bra

Key:

ES

-iz |-able -abl

|-s

|-ed -id |-able

marketability jmarkita'bilati;

'raorial,

-iz

marriageability jmaerid3a'bilati

ES

'mart/-, 'ma:J-

mark,

j-'s

{Fr mar'ki)

{Brit maVaitl)

|-ly -i;

bee bi |pity
|far

'martlit

'marta(r;

-ed -d l-dom

-dam

'marjprslit

baO (10) |ah a

ES
ES

l-es

'piti

(6) |rate ret jyet jet |sang

far |watch watj,

wntj

saerj

|angr}- 'aeg-gri

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards jgo go

Words below in which a

before r (farm) is

martyrological jinartara'ladsikl;

E with

sounded a are often pronounced in

ES

jma:t3-,

ES

/marta-,

masseuse mae'ssz

|-s

-iz

j-'s

-iz

a (fa:m)

{Fr ma's0:z)

massicot 'maesi^kat; ES-i--ikDt

-'lods-

martyrologist jmarta'rabdsist;

Marullus ma'rAbs

|-'s

|-ed -d |-ing -vjig,

ES

'ma:vl

Marx marks; ES marks;

|-iaii

-lan, -jan

|-'s

'me:ri,

speakers distinguish

Some
Mary from merry by
'men,

'maeri

ES

'maeraban

see St.

ban came from

-h

E + 'mas-,

Mary-le-Bone.

-^bon,

'maera-

Maryburn by

the original

Masaryk 'masajrik
Mascagni mas'kanji, maes- {It mas'kajijii)
mascara maes'kaera, mas'kara (7^ mas'katra)
mascot 'maeskat, -kat; ES + -kDt
'maeskjahn

^maeskja-

j-linity

[-y

masterpiece

Maseiield 'mes^fild, 'mez-

mash maef [mashes

'mae("i

ES

'maefiz

ES

'maesta-,

E-i-

-iz

ES 'maesta^wsk,
E + 'mas-, 'masmasthead 'maest jhed; E + 'mast-, 'mastmasterwork 'maesta-jwyk;

mastic 'maestik

masticate 'maesta^ket

|-d -id |-tion ^maesta-

'kejan

masticatory 'maestakajtori, -jtan; S

E + 'mastif,

-jtori

'mastif

mastitis maes'taitis
]

mastodon 'maestajdan; ES + 'maestajdon

mashed maeft

mastoid 'maestaid [mastoiditis ^maestaid'aitis

jmashies 'mae/iz

mask maesk; E+mask, mask

masturbation

1-ed -t

masochism 'maezajkizam
mason, M- 'mesn masonry 'mesnn

ES

jmassta^ 'be/an;

^maesta-

'bejan

masurium

masonic ma'sanik;

|-s

-'a:mz,

-iz

|-'s

'msesta'jpis;

'mas-, 'mas-;

[-fully

j-ful -fal

-tan, -tri

'mas-

mastiff 'mtestif;

'Iinati

mashie, -y

-tng

'maesta^wsk,

r-dissimilation {121).

masculine

-fall |-ly

'mas-;

-ta(r, E-i-'mas-,

j-ed -d [-ing -tang,

master-at-arms 'maestarat'armz;

a longer e {55).

Maryland 'meraland, 'mEriland

Marylebone Land road 'maeralaban,

[-ed

-id

master 'maesta';

-IZ

Mary 'men,

-d3a(r

massive 'maesiv [massey 'maesi

Masson 'macsn
mast 'pole,' 'nuts' maest; E+mast, mast;

-vlig |-ous -vlas, -vlas

'marvl;

ES

Massinger 'maesndsa^;

-iz

marvel 'marvl; ES 'ma:vl;

-11

massif 'maesif {Fr ma'sif)

Massillon 'maeslan, 'maesalan

-'ml-; |-gy -dsi

Marvel,

mater

271

martyrological

ES+ma'snmk

ma'sjunam,

ma'siuriam,

ma-

'suriam

Masora, -h ma'sora, ma'sara; S ma'sora

mat maet [matted

masque maesk; E+mask, mask

masquerade ^maeskaVed |-raded -'redid
mass maes [masses 'maesiz [massed maest
Mass maes [Masses 'maesiz
Massac 'maesak, -aek

Matabele ^maeta'bih j-leland -jlaend

matador 'maeta^dar; ES 'maetajdaaCr; {Sp

Massachusetts

L.A. of

^maesa't/usits,

NEngd

-'t/uz-,

jmata'Sar)

Matamoras
j-'s

-ats

shows that about 28 per cent

of the cultured informants pronounce

massacre 'maesaka^;

ES

[-sages -'sa5iz |-saged -'sasd

|-zas'

-zas

{Am Sp

ma'tansas)

match

^maeta'wan, -'wnn

maetj"

[matches

'maet/iz

mae'sy;

ES

matchlock 'maetjjlak;

[matched

ES + 'maet/jlok

matchmaker 'maetjjmeka* ES
matchwood 'maetjjwud
mate met [mated 'metid
;

Massena ma'sina
Massenet ,maesa'ne {Fr mas^nt)
mae's3(r,

-'sy;

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

{Fr

ES

'maetj"jmeka(r

mate, -te 'mate, 'maete

mater

ma'soerr)
[full

Matanzas ma'taenzas

maet/t

Massasoit 'maesa^sait

masseur

^maeta 'moras, -'mar-; S -'mor-;

-IZ

Matawan

z,

-ka(r; j-d -d [-ring

-krig, -karig

massage ma'sas

'maetid [matting 'maetig

'mother' 'meta', 'mata^;

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

-ta(r

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan jEden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

materfamilias

ES

materfamilias jmet^fa'milijaes;

maUinal

material

Mayfair

272

|-ism -jizam

^meta-

j-ist -ist |-ly -i

materiality majtiri'jelati
materialize ms'tirialjaiz

-iz |-d

[-s

matzoth 'maetsoG, 'matsoO

Mauch Chunk
Maud, -e mad

'mak't/Agk

maudlin 'madlin

-d

materia medica ma'tiria'medika

mauger, -gre 'maga^;

materiel majtin'el {Fr mateVJEl)

Maugham mam

maternal ma'tynl;

ES

maternity ma'tynati;

ma'tsnl, -'tynl;

ES

|-ly -i

|-s

-s |-al -1 |-ally

'maga(r

|-ed -d

Maulmein maul'men,

-'tsnati, -'tyn-

mathematic jmaeOa^msetik

maul mal

ES

mal-, mol-

maulstick 'mal,stik

Maumee ma'mi ('Mau,mee

-h, -ikk

Mather

'maetJa^;

Mathew

'maeOju

ES

'maeSaCr

Mathias ma'Oaias |Mathias's ma^Oaiasiz

'mandano, 'mandntj
Maundy Thursday 'mandi'Oyzdi; ES

Mathilda, -tilda ma'tilda

matin 'maetin
matinee ^maetn'e ('mati^nee
matrass, -ttrass

client,

matriarch 'metrijark;

'sa)

Mauretania,

^mara'tema, jmar-, ^mur-,

-ri-

-nja

matricide 'metrajsaid, 'maetrajsaid

|-d -id

matriculation ma,trikja'leXan

matrimonial jinaetra'monial, -'monjal

|-ly -i

Maurice 'mans, 'mans, 'mnris |-'s -iz

Maurois Fr 'morwa, mo'rwa
mausoleum, M- jmasa'liam |-s -z |-lea -'Ua

mauve mov

matrimony 'maetrajmoni
matrix 'metriks, 'maetriks

[matrices

|-es -iz

M-

maverick,

M-

mavis,

'metriislz, 'maetrijsiz

'maevank

'maevrik,

'mevis

|-es -iz

M-

matron 'metran
matronymic jmaetra'niinik
Mattaponi jintetapa'nai
matte maet matted Waetid

mavourneen,

Matteawan jmaeta'wan,

mawkin 'makin = malkin

mawkish 'maki/

-'var-;

'mgeta^;

matterate

ES

Mawer

jinaeta'wDn

'maeta(r; |-ed -d

'maetajret

|-d

-id

|-tion

^maeta-

Matterhorn 'maeta^jharn; ES 'maetajhaan

matter-of -course 'mjetarav'kors, -'kars;

ES

E + -'kaas

matter-of-fact 'maetarav'faekt,

'maetara'faekt

('matter-of-jfact 'style)

Matthew

ES

'maa^;

maxilla maeks'ila

-'vor-,

'ma-a(r

|-lae -li

'maeOju

|-s

maxim, M- 'maeksim
Maximilian ^maeksa'mikan, -'miljan
maximite 'maeksa^mait
maximize 'maeksa^maiz |-s -iz |-d -d
maximum 'maeksamam j-s -z |-ma -ma
maxwell,

-z |-s's -ziz

Matthias ma'Oaias Matthias's ma'Oaiasiz

may

mattock 'maetak

May me

|-ed -t

mattress 'maetris, 'maetras

|-es -iz |-ed -t

maybe

maturate 'maetjuiret, 'maetjujret |-d -id

maturation ;maetju're/an, /maetjuVeJan

mature ma'tjur,

-'tiur, -'tur |-d

-d

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'maekswel, 'm^ekswal

'maja

^me;

iinstr.

Mayan 'majan

'mebi,

'mebi,

sionally heard,

is

'mebi

mi,

ma

'msbi,

occa-

phonetically normal, being

parallel to 'brekf ast for breakfast.

|-rity -ati

matutinal ma'tjutinl, ma'tiu-, ma'tu-

M-

stressed 'me,

Maya

Mattoon mae'tun, ma-

Key:

ma'vumin,
E + -'vaa-

-'vua-, -'voa-,

maxillary 'maeksajeri, maeks'ilan

'rejan

-'koas,

-nin,

ES

maw ma

matter

-'63z-,

Maupassant, de da'mopajsant {Fr damopa-

|-es -iz

-ja:k; |-ate -it [-y -i

matrices pi oj matrix 'metn^siz, 'maet-

matriculate ma'trikja^let

j-ing

-'Gyz-

'seat)

'maetras

ES

'River)

maumet 'mamit |maumetry 'mamitn

Mauna Kea 'mauna'kea, 'mana'kia
Mauna Loa 'mauna 'loa, 'mana'loa
maunder 'mand; ES -da(r; |-ed -d

mathematician jmaeGama'ti/an

mayest 'me-ist
Mayfair 'majfer,

'piti (6)

-/faer;

-jfa(r,

ES

-jfaeafr

|rate ret [yet Jt |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gn

far jwatch wat/,

wotj

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

Mayflower
Mayflower, m- Wciflau*,

ES

-iflaur;

'me-

jflau*a(r, -^flauaCr

mayhap

medicine

273

^me^haep, me'haep

|-s

measurable 'mesrabj, 'mesarab} |-bly -bli

measure 'm33^; ES 'me3a(r; [-d -d [-ring
'mesrig, 'mesarig

-s

mayhem 'mehem, 'meain

Mayhew 'mehju, Wehiu

meat mit [meated

Meath Ir co. mie

mayn't ment
Mayn waring Waensng, 'menwarig, -war-,

meatman

-WD>--

Mayo surname

Am

'meo.

Indian 'majo

mayonnaise ^mea'nez ('mayonjnaise

'dress-

ing)

mayor,

M-

met; ES 'me'3(r, mE3(r;

'mea',

Maypole, m- 'meipol
maypop 'mepap; ES+'mepop
mayst mest

Mechhn

mazer 'meza^; ES 'mez3(r

mazurka ma'zyka, -'zurka;

ES

-'zaka.

'maeza^d;

ES

'maezad

Mazzini maet'sini, mat'sini

mat'tsimi,

Macmi
mid

alphabetized under

stressed 'mi, jini; unstr.

|-ed -d |-less 'milhs

mealie, -y 'corn' 'mill

j-lies

'meklin^byg.

'mek-)

medal 'medl

[-ed -d [-ist -ist

medallic ma'daehk, mi- [ally

medallion ma'daeljan, mi-

-li,

-ikU

|-ist -ist

meddle 'medl [d -d [-Ung 'medbg, 'medlig

meddlesome 'medlsam

Mede mid
Medea mi'dia

M- 'midia \pl mediae 'midiji

media pi of medium 'midia
mediacy 'midiasi
mediaeval jmidi'ivl, ^med- [-ly -i |-ism -jizam
medial 'midial

median,

M-

|-ly -i

'midian

mediate adj 'midiit

mediate

[-s

ES

mediatory 'midia/tori,

-ftt

|-thedly

-etli

mi'aenda-;

imidi'e/an

v 'midi^et [-d -id |-tion

mediatize 'midia^taiz

medical 'medikl

M-

Germany

US,

-/bsg, -/bs^g; {Ger 'meiklan^burk.

-d

-iz [-d

-,eta(r

-^tari;

-jtori

medic 'medik [Medic 'midik

'mili'mautJd,

mean min meant ment

meander,

ES

mediator 'midi^eta^;

-z

mealtime 'mil^taim

-Sdh,

-d

|-ist -ist

mead mid |Mead, -e

meadow 'medo, 'meda |-ed -d |-ing 'medawig
Meadville 'midvil; S + -vl
meager, -gre 'miga^; ES 'miga(r; |-(e)d -d
Meagher mar; ES ma:(r, E+ma:(r

-tJidh,

-ai'z-

-iz [-d

media,
{It

mad'dz-)

mealy adj 'mill

mealymouthed

-Ian-;

[-s

Medford 'medfsrd; ES 'medfad

-'zyka, -'zuaka

meal mil

[-ally -li, -ikli

'meklin

Mecklenburg

-idli

me

mechanistic ^meka'nistik

mechanize 'meka^naiz

Maytide 'mejtaid
mazard 'maezd; ES Waezad
Mazatlan ^mazaUlan {Am Sp jmasa'tlan)
mazda, M- 'maezda
Mazdaism, Mazde- 'maezdajizam
maze mez mazes 'meziz [mazed mezd [-dly

Mc-

'mit^maen [-men -/men

meatus mi'etas [-es -iz \L pi -tus -tas
Mecca 'meka
mechanic ma'kaenik [-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli
mechanician jmeka'niXan
mechanism 'mekajnizam |-nist -nist

mechanization jmekana'ze/an,

|-alty -alti

mazzard

'mitid

|-ness

ES

'minms

-'aenda(r; |-ed -d

|-ly -i,

-ikb -cable -kabi

|

medicament n ma'dikamant, 'medikamedicament v ma'dika^ment [-ed -id

medicamental jmedika'mentl [-ly -i
medicate 'mdi,ket

|-d -id [-tion

jmedi'keXan

Medicean ^meda'sian

|-ing -'aendrii), -'aendarig

meant ment
meantime 'min^taim [meanwhile 'min^hwail

medicinable ma'disnabl, in Shak. 'medsinabi

measles 'mizlz [measly 'mizli

medicinal ma'disnl

measurabiHty jmegara'bilati

medicine 'medasn [-cined -snd

[full

ful [tooth tuO [further 'fytSa^;

ES

Medici 'meda^tji

{It 'merdijt/i)

j-ly -i

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow

hau

|using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan jEden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

medico

Meigs megz [-'s

Meikle 'miki

medico 'medijko
medicodental jinediko'dentl
medicolegal jmsdiko'ligl

|-ly -i

[-ism -jizam

mein men
meiosis mai'osis

|-ist -ist

Medina NY,
CO.,

-iz

Meiklejohn 'mikl^dsan, -jdsnn

|-ly -i

medieval jmidi'ivl, jined-

Tex

Melrose

274

0, Spenser's F.Q. ma'daina, mi-;

Arab

city,

ma'dina, me-, mi-;

IW

Belg painter,

Sp

b'

SAm

river

persons b'

Meistersinger

ES

'maista'jSiga^;

melanchoUa jmelan'koba

-'kalik; ES-i-

|-lic

-'kolik

places me'tiina

ES -kaCr
ES + -'Dk-

mediocre 'midi^oka^, jmidi'oka*;

melancholy 'melan^kab; ES-i--jkDli

mediocrity jmidi'akrati;

Melanchthon
'Goman

meditate 'meda^tet

|-d -id |-tive -iv

Melanesia

meditation jmeda'te/an

Mediterranean,

'maista-

jSiga(r

m- jmedataVeman

|-neous

-mas

ma'la^gkOan

^melaegk-

|-ian

imEla'tiiJa, -/la, -'1113- ]-n -n

melange me'las

|-s

-d {Fr me'lais)

-iz j-d

melanic ma'laenik |-niferous (mEla'mfaras

medium 'midiam |-s -z |-dia -dia

medlar 'media'; ES 'medb(r

melanin 'mElamn |melanism 'mEla/iuzam

medley 'medli |-ed, -lied -d

Medoc, Me- 'medak, mi'dak; ES-f-ok; {Fr

Melba 'mslba

melanotic jmEla'natik;

me'dijk)

medulla mi'dAla

|-s

Melchers 'mEltJVz;

-11

-z [-lae

Melbourne 'melb^n;
Melcher 'mEltJa^; ES

ES + -'nDt-

ES

'melban

'mElt/aCr

ES

'mElt/az;

|-'s

medullary 'medljEn, mi 'd Alan

Melchizedek mEl'kizadik, -jdsk

Medusa ma'djusa, -'dm-,

Medway 'medjwe

meld meld melded 'mEldid

Meleager ^rmWeA^'sr; ES -'ed3a(r

meed mid

melee

-'du-, -za

M- mik

meek,

'fray'

me'le, 'mele, 'mEle {Fr me'le)

melee 'diamond' 'mli

meerschaum 'mir/am, -Jam; ES 'miameet mit |met met

Melibeus, -boeus jmEla'bias

meetinghouse 'mitig^haus |-houses -^hauziz

melinite 'meb^nait

Meg meg

meliorate 'miljairet |-d -id 1-tive -iv

megacephalic jmegasa'faelik

megafarad jmega'faerad,
megalith 'mega^he

|-lous -'sefalas

|-ths -Os |-ic jmega'liGik

melioration ymilja'rejan

ES

mE'gaemata^;

Mellen 'mebn, -an

melHfiuence ma'bfluans |-nt -nt 1-uous -cas

Mellon 'melan
mellow 'mElo, -a
'mElawa^;

-'gaemata(r

megameter

'million meters' 'mEgaimita';

ES

-ta(r

ES

|-er

|-al

-1

|-ally

-1

|-ally

-ikb

melodion ma'lodian j-dious -diss

-'gaer-,

melodist 'mEladist

melodrama 'mEla^drama, -,draema

-'ger-

megatherium jmega'Oinam
Megiddo ma'gido

melodramatic jmEladra'maetik

megohm

melody 'meladi
melon 'melan

'rnggjom

See in full 3~47.

bath bae6;

|-al

-li, -ikli

megrim 'migrim
Mehetabel ma'hetabl |Mehitable ma'hitabl
Meier 'maia^; ES 'mai-aCr
Meighen 'mian

'mslawig

j-ed -d |-ing

-wa(r; [est 'mElawist

melodic ma'ladik; ES-i--'lDd-;

-li,

megaphone 'megajfon |-d -d |-ist -ist

Megara 'megara |-rian me'genan,

Key:

-iz

Melissa ma'lisa

-'faeraed

instrument

|-'s

Melicent 'mElasnt

megalomania ^mEgala'mema |-iac -i,aek

megalophonous jmega'lafanas; ES + -'lDf-

megameter

-iz

bee bi |pity

ba6 (10) |ah a

|far

far

'piti
|

j-ied

-d

m- 'milas, -Ids
Melpomene mel'pamani,
Melos,

Melrose 'melroz
(6) [rate ret

[j^et

|-'s

-,ni;

ES+-'pDm-

-iz

jet |sang saeg |angrA' 'asg^gri

watch wat/, wotJ (12) |jaw dsa gorge gards

|

|go

go

melt

mercantile

275

melt melt |-ed -id

melton,

M-

\arch.

mene,

mene,

pptc molten ^moltn

tekel,

Melton Mowbray 'mEltn'mobri

menfolk 'men^fok

Melun maUAn {Fr

menhaden mEn'hedn

ma'loe)

menhir 'menhir;

Melville 'melvil; S + 'melvl

member 'memba'; ES 'memb3(r;

-ship
I

|-ed

-d

membrane Wembren |-d -d

membranous
'membranas,

mem'brenas

('mem^branous 'croup) |-neousmEm'breni3s

memento mi'iiiEnto
memento mori nu'mEnto'inorai, -Wo-; S
-'rao-

Memnon 'memnan,

-non

memoir 'mEmwar, -war; ES

M-

-iz |-d -d

memorize 'mema^raiz

|-ly -i j-ism

-ai'z-

meningitis

-jizam

jmEnin'dsaitis

\L

pi

-gi tides

-'dsitijdiz

meninx 'mimgks [meninges ma'nindsiz

Mennonite 'menan^ait
Menominee, -nie ma'namajnl; ES-h-'nnmmenopause 'mena^paz |-s -iz

ES

-/S3V-, -jsyv-

menses 'mensiz |mensal 'mensl

menstruate 'menstru^et |-d -id

j-al

-strual

menstruation jmenstru'ejan

memorial ma'morial, -'mar-; S -'mor-; |-ly -i

memorialize ma'monal^aiz, -'mar-; S -'mor-;
memorization jmemara'ze/an,

E + -'fats-

-hia(r

menservants 'men^syvants;

-wa:(r, -W33(r

/memara'briia

memorable 'memarabl, Wemra- |-bly -bk

memorandum jmemaVaendam |-s -z |-da -da

|-s

ES

'mini'miiu-

-'fa:s-,

-s

|-s

menial 'minial, -njal

ES

Menifee 'menajfi
meninges ma'nindsiz |-ningeal -'nindsial

Jip

memorabilia,

upharsin

'tiklju'farsm, -'tekl-;

'meltn

mensuration jmenja'rej'an, -sa're/an, -sju-

-ment unstressed ending of nouns -mant, older

b' lessfreq. -mint. Tlie pronunciation -ment
for unstressed -ment {as in judgment) is

memory 'mEmari, -mri |-ied -d

Memphis 'memfis |-'s -iz
Memphremagog jmemfri'megag, -gng

Words in -ment are usually

from the vocab. if the pron. can he
found by adding -mant to the head pron.
Verbs in -ment {with secondary accent) are

mem-sahib 'mm,sa'ib, -jsahib

usually given,

men men men's menz

'augment, 'comment, 'ferment, 'torment,

menace 'mems,

in which

|-s

-iz |-d

-d

artificial.

omitted

menad

-as

|-s -iz |-d -t

'minaed |menades 'mena^diz

as

also

a few nouns like

-ment has an {unmarked) subordi-

nate accent.

menage, me- ma'naj, me- |-s -iz {Fr me'na:5)

menagerie ma'naedsari, -'naes- {Fr menas'ri)

Menander mi'naenda'; ES -'naenda(r

Menands ma'naendz, -'naenz |-'s -iz
Menard ma'nard; ES -'na:d, E+-'na:d
Menas 'minas |-'s -iz
Menasha ma'naeja
Mencken 'megkin, -an

mental 'mentl |-ly

Menteith men'tiO

menthol 'mendol,

-i |-ity

men'taelati

-6al, -GdI, -6al

mentholated 'menOajletid

mention 'men/an
mentor,

menu

M-

|-ed -d j-ing -/ami), -Jnig

'menta^;

'menju,

ES

'mnta(r

'menju, 'menu,

mend mend [mended 'mendid

Menuhin 'menjuin

mendacious men'dejas j-dacity -'daesati

Mendel 'mendl |-ian men'dihan
Mendelssohn 'mendlsn, -json

Menzies 'menziz {Sc 'migiz,

Mephibosheth mi'fibayJeO

orig. 'mijiiz)

Mephistophelean jmefista'filian, jmefa^stafa-

Mendelyeev /menda'leef, jmendJE'ljeEf

mendicancy 'mendikansi |-cant -kant

Mephistopheles jmefa'stafa/liz,

mendicity men'disati

Mephistophelian ^mefista'tihan

Mendota men'dota
Mendoza men'doza {Am Sp men'tJosa)

Meramec 'mera^mek

Menecrates ma'nekrajtiz
Menelaus jmena'leas I-'s
|full

|-'s

|-ly-li|

ES

'fstSa

-'stnf-

j-'s

-iz

|-al -1 |-tis -'faitis

mercantile 'mykantil, -jtad;

-iz

ful [tooth tue [further 'fy3;

'lian, -jStof-

mephitic me'fitik

-iz

'menu {Fr

ma'ny)

ES

'ma-, 'my-;

+ -,til

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kred} [keep 'em 'kipm


mercaptan

Messala

276
myl; ES msl, vasX

mercaptan ma^'kaeptaen; ES maMercator my'keta^; ES ms'ketaCr, my'ketaCr

merl, -e

Merced ma^'sEd; ES ma-

merlon 'ms-lan;

Mercedes my'sidiz; ES ms-, my-; |-des'

mercenary 'mysn^En; ES 'mss-, 'mys-

M-

mercer,

'mysa^;

ES

-diz

ES

'mss-, 'm^s-;

]-s

'myt/an^daiz,

ES

-jdais;

ES

merchandise
|-s

'myt/an^daiz;

ES

^mstj-,

mermaid 'ms-jmed; ES 'ms-, 'my'my-; j-men

'ms-,

Merope 'merapi,

-jpi

-man |-men -man

Mercia 'my/ia,

-Ja |-cian -/lan, -/an, -sian

Mercier 'm^sia^;

Merriam 'menam

ES

Merrilies 'merajliz

|-'s

-IZ

Merrill 'meral

-iz |-d -d

merchant 'mytfant; ES 'mstj-, 'myt/-; [-man

'm3Si-a(r, 'mysi-aCr; {Fr

Merrimack, -mac 'mera^maek

merriment 'ms-rimant

merry 'men |-rily 'merali, -nil

merry-andrew 'men'aendru, -dnu
merry-go-round 'merigajraund, -go-

mer'sje)
merciful 'mysifal;

ES

'mss-, 'mys-;

ES

mercurate 'mykjajret;

]-ly -i

'msk-, 'm^k-;

|-d

Mersey 'myzi; ES 'mszi, 'myzi

Merton 'mytn; ES 'mstn, 'mytn
mesa,

-id

mercurial my'kjunal, -'kiu-;

ES ms-, my-;

M-

'mesa

Mesaba ma'saba

{Am Sp
|-bi

ES ms-, mymercurous my'kjuras, ^mykja-, -'kiu-; ES

-y-

'mesa)

-bi

mesalUance me'zaelians

l-ly -I

mercuric my'kjurik, -'kiu-;

|-s

-iz {Fr meza'lja:s)

Mesa Verde ^mesa'vyd; ES

{Am Sp imcsa'liertJe)

-'vsd,

-'vyd;

mescal mes'kfel |-ism -izam

Mercury 'mykjari, 'mykari, -kn; ES 'msk-,

'm3"k-

Mercutio my'kjuJijO,

ES

-^kiu-, -/jo;

ms-,

mesdames me'dam {Fr me'dam)

meseems mi'simz
mesencephalon jmesen'sefajan, -jlon
mesentery 'mEsn^teri

ms'-

M-

ES 'mssi, Wysi
ES mia(r, S+ mEa(r
|-'s

-iz

Mesmer 'mesma^,

ma'gaensa(r

'mesmar, Fr mez'merr)
mesmeric mes'merik, mez-

meretricious ^mera'tri/as

merganser ma^'gaensa^;

ES

merge myds; ES msds, myds; |-s -iz |-d -d

merger 'mydja^; ES 'msdsaCr, 'myd3a(r
mergence 'mydjans; ES 'msdj-, 'mydsMergenthaler 'mergan^tala^, 'mygan-; ES

Meriden 'meradn, -dm

ma'ridian

meringue maVasg
Merino, m-

-ikli

see

mesmerism

'mez-;

ES

-ma(r;

|-al -1

j-ally -li,

mesmerism
'mesma^rizam,

'mez-

mesmerize 'mesmajtaiz, 'mez-

|-s

-iz ]-d

Mesopotamia jmesapa'temia j-n -n

mesothorium jmesa'0onam, ^mez-,

M -d {Fr ma'r:g)

ma Vino
-/a*;

ES

-'aniO-

-'Gar-;

Mesozoic jmesa'zo-ik

meritorious jmera'torias, -Har-; S -'tor-

mess mes messes 'mesiz messed mest

message 'mesidj |-s -iz |-d -d

Merivale 'mErajVel

Messala me'sela

See in full 3-47.

mesquite 'meskit, mes'kit

merit 'merit j-ed -id

-d

-'Gor-

j/ia(r, -^on-, -/a(r

[bath baeG;

{Ger

jmesma'rismus, Fr mezme'rism)

Meso-Gothic, Mesog- jmiso'gaeik, -'goOik

|-al -1 |-ally -|i

Merionethshire jmn'aniGj/ir,

Key:

{Ger

mesne min

'meaganjtala(r, 'msg-, 'myg-

M-

jmesn'tErik

|-ric

mesh me/ jmeshes 'me/iz |meshed me/t

Meshach 'mi/aek
Meshek 'mi/ek

'ms^si;

mere mir;
Meredith 'meradiO
Meres mirz; ES miaz;

meridian,

'msl-, 'msl-

'msl-, 'msl-

Merrick 'merik

'mst/-, 'mytj-

mercy,

ES

Merovingian ^mEra'vindsian, -dsan

merchandise

-3-,

'mylin;

-^men

-iz |-d -d

'myt/-;

M-

merman 'my^mjen; ES

'mssaCr, 'mys3(r

mercerize 'mysa^raiz;

merlin,

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

l-lian -lian

(6) |rate ret |yet jet [sang

far |watch wat/,

wot/

sa?r)

|angr>' 'aeg-gn

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards jgo go

Messeigneurs
Messeigneurs,

m- jmEsen'jyz; ES

-'jsz, -'jyz;

messenger 'mesndsa^;

ES

Metchnikoff 'mEtJnijkaf, -jkof, -jka!

'mesridsaCr

Messiah ma'saia |Messias ma'saias

M-

Metazoa jmeta'zoa
Metcalf, -e 'mEtkaef; E+-kaf, -kaf

{Fr mese'jifKtr)

messianic,

metropolitan

277

jmesi'aenik

j-al

-1

|-s's

-siz

|-ally

-li,

mete mit meted

'mitid

Metellus mi'tElas

-'s -iz

metempsychosis jmEtamsai'kosis, majtEmp-

-ikh

m-

Messieurs,

'mesa^z;

ES 'mS9z (Fr me'sjo)

si'kosis -ses -siz

ES

Messina ma'sina, m-

meteor

messmate 'mesjmet

meteoric ^miti'arik, -'or-, -'nr-

ES 'mesaz
messuage W8swid5 |-s -iz
Messrs. 'mesa'z;

(JFr

me'sje)

-li,

^mitiara^ladsik,

-jora-; ES-i--'lnd3ik;

meteorologist
|-s

'miti-a(r; |-ite -^ait

-1

-pra-,

- lOra-,

|-al -1 |-ally -li.

metabolize ma'taebljaiz, me-

methane

|-s

ES -'ka:pl
ES -'ka:pos;

ES

'mita(r; |-(e)d -d

'iriEOen |-nol

'mEGa^nol

methegiin ma'GEgbn

-d

-iz |-d

metacarpus ^meta'karpas;

methinks mi'eigks |methought mi'eat

|-es

method 'inEGad
methodic ma'eadik; ES-h-'God-;

-IZ 1-pi -pai

metacenter, -tre 'metajSEnta^;

ES

-jS8nt3(r

-ji,

|-al -1 l-ally

-ikh

metacentral jmeta'sEntral

|-tric -trik

Methodism 'niEGad^izam

metagalaxy ^niEta'gaelaksi

j-lactic -ga^laektik

methodology ^meGad'aladsi; ES + -'d1methought mi 'Gat

metal 'metl

-iz

|-s

Methow

|-ed -d

metallic ma'taelik

l-al -1 l-ally

-li",

-bds-, -'s'ds-;

-ikli

'mEtjjydsi,

ES

mE'taela^dsi ;

ES -Waa-;

-la ted -jletid

methylene 'msGa jin

metier Fr me'tje
metis, metisse

ES

metamorphosis jmEta'marfasis;

-'maa-;

Fr me'ti:s

metonymy ma'tanami; ES

-'ton-

metope 'mEta^pi

|-ses -jsiz

'mEtafa^;

ES WEtafa(r

metaphoric jmEta'farik,
|-ally -li,

-'far-,

metric 'metrik
-'for-

|-al

-1

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

^mEtasai'kosis,

-b, -ikh

ma-

|-trist -trist

metrology mi'traladsi;

ES + -'trDl-

metronome 'mEtrainom

metaphysician jmEtafa'ziJan
metapsychosis

|-al -1 |-ally

metrician mE'triJan,
metrics 'mEtriks

-ikh

metaphysic jinEta'fizik

less

sensibly

nu/taepsi'kosis

metronomic imEtra'nainik; ES-f-Wm- ;l-al

-1 l-ally

-h, -ikh

metastasis ma'taestasis

[-ses -jsiz

metronymic jmitra'nimik

metatarsal jmeta'tarsl;

ES

metropolis md'traphs, -phs;

|-si

-zla

meticulous ma'tikjalas
-fos;

-IZ |-d -d, -t

metaphor

Methuselah ma'Gjuzla, -'Gmz-,

methyl 'mEGal, -il
methylate 'mEGaJet

j-s

-d -d

metamorphose jmEta'm3rfoz,
|-s

-'Gm-, -an; surname

'mEGjuin, -an

methylamene jmEGala'min

-jsdsi, -jydsi, -'taeladsi

metamorphic ^mEta'marfik; ES -'masfik

metamorphize jmEta'morfaiz; ES -'moa-;
-IZ

'mEt-hau, mEt'hau ('Metjhow 'Riv-

Methuen Mass mi'Gjum,

metalliferous jmetl'ifaras

ES

|-ist -ist

er)

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

metallurgic jinEd'ydsik;

metallurgy

-ikh

ES + - Vol-;

jmitia'raladsist;

meter, -tre 'mita^;

|-al -1

metabolism ma'taebljizam, me-

metage Witidg

l-ally

l-gy -d3i

-z |-tae -ti

metabolic jineta'balik; ES+-'bDl-;

metacarpal jinEta'karpl;

j-al

-ikh

meteorologic

mestizo mes'tizo

met niEt
meta 'mita

'mitia^;

-'ta:sl; [-sus -sas

-sai

metathesis ma'taeOasis

ES + -'trDp -;

1-es

-iz

metropohtan ^metra'palatn; ES + -'pd1-

[-ses -jsiz

IfuU ful Itooth tuG Ifurther 'fytJa^;

ES

'fsSa Icustom 'kAstam |while hwail jhow

lusing 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz jdish di/ Ivision

hau

]toy tai

Visan Eden 4dn cradle 'kredj jkeep 'em 'kipm

I

Metternich 'msta^nik;
mettle

'iriEtl 1-d

ES

-d |-some

'metanik

microanalysis jmaikroa'naelasis

-sam

microbe 'maikrob

Mexlcali jineksi'kali,

Mexico 'mksijko
Meyerbeer

microcephalic jmaikrosa'faelik |-lous -'sefalas

microchemistry jmaikro'kemistn

microcosm 'maikra,kazam; ES-f--,kDZmicrofarad jmaikro'faerad,

microgram 'maikrojgraem
micrography mai'kragrafi, -'kmgmicrometer tool mai^kramata^; ES -'krama-

-kan

'mai-aCr;

'maia^^bir;

ES

j-s

ta(r,

-z

'mai-a bia(r; {Ger

-'krom-

micrometer 'millionth of a
jmita^;

'maiar^beir)

ES

(//

Micronesia ^maikra'nisa, -fa \-n -n

microorganism jmaikrobrganjzam;

'meddzo)
'mezo-.

'mtsosa'prno,

j-ed

microscopic

mi mi

ES

-ba-

-d

|-d

microphysics jmaikro'fiziks

microscope 'maikra,skop

-id

mho mo

l-al -! I-ally

|-d -t

^maikra'skapik;

ES-h-'skop-;

-h, -ikb

ES

microscopy mai'kraskapi, ^maikrajskopi;

-'aemi

miaow, -ou mi'au, mjau

miasma mai'sezma, mi-

'maikro-

gan-

microphone 'maikra^fon

'medzo-, -'prano

mezzotint 'metsa^tint, 'meza-, ^medza-

Miami mai'aema,

ineter'

-jmita(r

micrometry mai'kramatn; ES-h-'krnmmicron 'maikran; ES + -krDn; |-s -z |-cra -kra

Meynell 'men), Wenl

Meyrick 'merik, 'memezzanine 'mezajnin, -nin
mezzo 'mtso, 'mezo, 'mdzo
mezzo-soprano

-'faeraed

microfilm 'maikra/film -ed -d

-'kaeli

|-can

ES

'maia^;

|-ses -jsiz

microbiology jmaikrobai'aladsi; ES-i--'d1-

Metuchen ma'tAtJin, -an

Metz mets |-'s -iz
Meung Fr moe
Meuse mjuz, miuz |-'s -iz {Fr m0:z)
mew mju, miu j-ed -d
mewl mjul, miu! j-ed -d
Mexia Tex ma'hia, /oc.+-'hea

Meyer

middling

278

Metternich

|-ed -d
|-s

-i--'krDS-; |-pist -pist

-z |-mata

-mata

microtomy mai'kratami; ES + 'knotmicrovolt 'maikra^volt

-ml
miasmatic
1-1

^maiaz'maetik

-1

j-al

-h.

I-ally

microwatt 'maikra^wat

-jWiot

micturate 'miktjajret |-rated -^retid

-ikh

miaul mi'aul, mjaul

micturition ^mikt/aViJan

|-ed -d

mid mid ]-most -jmost

Midas Waidas |-'s -iz

mib mib
mica 'maika |-caceous, -cacious mai'kejas
Micah 'maika |Micaiah mai'kea

I'mid

mid

midbrain 'mid^bren

Micawber ma'kaba^; ES -'kabaCr

mice mais mice's ^maisiz

midday 'mid^de,
midden 'midn

-'de

Michael 'maikl

middle 'midj

-d |-ling 'mid jig, 'imdbg

Michaelmas 'imkjmas [-es -iz

Michaud, -chault, -chaut mi'/o

middle-aged 'midl^edsd ('middle-jaged 'man)

Michelangelo

Middleboro 'midljbs'O, -a;

{B r milfo)

jmaikl'aendsajlo.

jinikl-

(//

jmiikel'andsejo)

Michelson 'maiklsn

Michigan 'mi/agan
-da(r;

Brit

|-der

'mit/igan

jmi/a'g aenda^;
is

current

not

ES
in

America.

M-

See in full 3-47.

E-i-

-jmart/

ES

'midla(r
j-'s

-iz

Middleton 'midltan |-town -^taun

middleweight 'midljwet

^mikl

microampere /maikro'aempir;

|bath baeO;

-jbsr-, -jbAr-,

Middlebury 'mid},bri, -ban

middleman 'midl^maen |-men -,men
Middlemarch 'midl^martj; ES -jnaitj,

Middlesex 'midl^seks

Micmac 'mikmaek

Key:

ES

-,b^-

middler 'imdla^;

Michiganite 'miXagaiijait
mickle,

|-d

ES

-'aempiaCr

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

middling adj, adv, n 'midbg

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang sasg |angr>' 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wotj (12) |jaw dsa

Igorge gards |go go

Midgard

279

Midgard 'mid^gard; ES -iga:d,

midge mids midges 'midsiz
midget 'midsit
Midi Fr mi'di
Midian Vidian |-ite -^ait

E + -,ga:d

milady mi'ledi

M-

midland,

ES

not current in

Milan US 'mailan;
Milano mi'lamo)

midiron 'midjaia^n, -jairn;

millennial

Milanese jmilan'Iz

Milburn 'milba^n; ES 'milban

milch miltj

-^ai-on, -^aian

mild maild

'midland

-n |-ened -nd |-ening -dnig.

|-en

-dmg

Midlothian mid'lo'Sian

midmost Wd^most

mildew

midnight 'mid^nait

Mildred 'mildnd

midnoon 'mid'nun ('mid^noon

M-

midrash,

mid'rajim

'nudraej

\Heb pi -im

milepost 'mailjpost

Miles mailz |Miles's 'mailziz

midrib 'inidjrib ]-bed -d

Milesian ma'lisan, -/an

milestone 'mail^ston

midriff 'midrif

midship

'nul^dju, -^diu, -^du |-ed -d

mile mail |-age -ids |-ages -idsiz

'heat)

-iz

|-es

-VaJoG

|-oth

'midjj"ip

|-man -man |-men -man

Miletus mai'litas

-iz

|-'s

midst midst, mitst

milfoil 'miljfail

midsummer, M- 'mid'sAma'; ES -'sAmaCr

midway, M- n 'midjwe

miliary 'milijri, 'miljari

midway

'midVe ('midjway

adj

adv,

'midjway

Milford 'nulf^d;

'out,

Midwestern nud'westa^n; ES -tan;

ES

|-er

ES

Fr

mi'lje

militant 'milatant |-tancy -tansi

militarism 'milata;rizam
-dr-;

'mid waif
^

-wife's

ES

militia ma'li/a

-'winta(r

-i)ia(r,

|-man -man |-men -man

-ixmn

|-y -i |-ily 'maitli, -ih

ES + -jSDp

mightest 'maitist

milksop 'milkjsap;

might-have-been n 'maitavjbin, 'maita^bin

milkweed 'milkjwid

mightn't 'maitnt, before some

cora5^.

+ 'maitn

(mightn't go 'maitn'go)

M- mil |-ed -d The n sound was lost

from mill {OE myln ^gristmill') in the same
way as from ell, kiln, Milne.

mill,

mignon 'minion' 'minjan

mignon 'small' 'minjan, -jon (Fr mi'jio)
Mignon Ala 'minjan; in Goethe Fr ml'jio

Millais mi'le

mignonette jimnjan'Et

Millay mi'le

ES

Millburn 'milba^n;

Millais mi'lez

'milad

ES 'milban
ES 'milban

Millbury 'mil^beri, -ban

migrant 'maigrant
|-d -id |-tion

migratory 'maigrajton,

|-lais's -'lez \pl

Millard 'nula^d;

Millbourne 'milba^n;

mi'jib'n)

migraine 'maigren, mi'gren

migrate 'maigret

-iz |-d -d

milkman retailer 'milk^masn |-men -^msn

milkman producer 'milkman |-men -man.

mignonne 'minjan (Fr

|-s

|-tate -f.et |-tated -jtetid

milk milk |milked imlkt |-maid -^med

S+-iJea(r

mifE mif miffed mift

might mait

militarize 'milata,raiz

miUtary 'milajteri

-ri

ES

midyear 'midjir;
mien min

-^waivz

-wives

midwinter 'mid'winta^;

-itari;

mai'gre/an

milldam 'mil,daem

S -iton

Milledgeville 'mihdsjVil; S+-vl

M- ma'kado
M- maik

mikado,

millenarian

jimla'nErian,

millenary 'milaineri

mil Scand measure mil

millennial ma'knial

ful |tooth tu6 jfurther 'fytJa^;

-'ner-

|-anism

-;izam

mil mil

|full

|-rist -rist

militaristic jmilata'ristik |-ally -ji, -ikli

militarization jmilatara'ze/an, -tra-, -ai'z-

-a(r

-waifs |-ry -an,

mike,

'milfad

Milicent 'milasnt
milieu

'air)

midweek 'mid'wik ('mid-week 'meeting)

Midwest 'mid'west ('Mid/west 'custom)

midwife

America

Italy mi'lsen, 'milan {It

ES

'fstJa

|-ly -i |-ali=m

-jizam

|custom 'kAStam while hwail [how hau |toy

|

tai

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij |vision 'vijan |Eden 'idn |cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

millennium ma'kniam

|-s

Mina 'mama

-z |-nia -nia

minaret ^mina'tet, 'mina,rt

millepede 'mib^pid

M-

miller,

ES

'mila';

Am

painter 'milit,

miHe {Fr mi'k,

Fr

sculp., painter

mince mins |minces 'minsiz

ES -pi3(r
ES -jad, -ja:d

mind maind

minded 'maindid

Milligan 'milagan

mine n, v mam [mined maind

Mineola jimrn'ob

milligram 'mila/graem

miner,

Millikan 'milakan

mineral,

milliliter, -tre 'milajita';

ES

millimicron jinila'maikran;

'inil3n3(r;

|-y

ES

-'e3(r,

mingle 'miggl

j-d -d ]-ling 'miijglii), -g]ii)

Mingo 'miggo
miniature 'minitja', 'mima-;

millpond 'mil,pand, -jpnnd, -^pand

Minie

millrace 'miljres

minify 'minajfai

-iz

|-s

millstream 'miljStrim

minim 'minim
minimal 'minimi

When

Miln, -e mil, nuln

it

is

n sound

minimize 'mina^maiz

a spelling prommciation ; see

mmimum 'minamam
minion, M- 'minjan

mill.

ES

Milner 'milna^;

Milnes milz, milnz

US name

minister

-iz

|-'s

minish 'mini/

'miln3(r

and places Wailo; 'Mclos'

ES

-'bad;

not current in

-z

same

|-es -iz |-ed -t

'minista^;

ES

-ta(r;

|-ed

-d

|-ing

'ministarig, 'ministng
-i

ministrant 'mmistrant j-stry -stri

miniver,

Miltiades inil'tai3,diz

M-

'mmava^;

ES

|-'s

Minneapolis jmmi'aeplis,

-iz

Milton 'miltn |-tonian mil'tonian

Minnehaha jmmi'halia

Miltonic mil'tanik; ES + -HDn-; j-ally -ji

Milwaukee mil'waki ('Miljwaukee 'Road)

minnesinger,

mime maim mimed maimd

|

mimeograph,

M-

'mimi3jgraef;

E + -,graf,

M-

'minijSiga^;

-a

mimic 'mimik |-ked -t |-ally

mimosa, M- mi'mosa, -za
mina 'mama l-s -z l-nae -ni

Minola 'minab

|-'s

-iz

Minoan mi'noan
minor,

M-

'maina^;

ES

'maina(r

Minorca ma'narka; ES -'naaka;

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

-jSiga(r

Iminny 'mini

minny-bass 'mmi^baes

See in full 3~47.

ES

Minnie 'mini

mimeographic jmimia'graefik |-ally -li, -ikli

mimetic mi'metik, mai- |-al -1 |-ally -ji, -ikli
-li |-ry -ri

-^aeplis, -as |-'s -iz

Minnesota jmini'sota j-tan -tn

Minnewit 'minjuit, 'mmawit=]Minuit

minnow 'mino,

-igraf; |-ed -t

'minava(r

mink migk

milt |-ed -id

|bath baeG;

-d

-ma -ma

ministration ^mma'stre/an

America
milreis coin 'miljres \pl

Key:

1-d

|-s

ministerial jmmas'tirial |-]y

'milo

milord mi'brd;

M-

]-ly

is

the

-tJaCr; |-d -d

j-fied -jfaid

minikin 'mmikin

millwright 'mil^rait

ES

ball 'mmijbal {Fr mi'nje)

millstone 'mil^ston

milt,

ES + -'d1-;

l-gy -d3i

millipede 'milajpid

Milo

al

Minerva ma'ns'va; ES -'nsva, -'nyva

Ming mig

-'ae3(r

heard,

mam

-h, -ikh

mineralogist ^mina^'aeladsist, -'al-;

-jneri,

-nan
-'aer;

\pro

M- 'maina^; ES 'maina(r
M- 'minaral, 'minral

-1 l-ally

million ^miljan |-th -8 j-ths -6s

^nuljan'er,

fal

|-ful

mineralogic jirunara'ladsik; ES-h-'lods-;

-JitaCr

ES -,mit3(r
ES + -krDn

millimeter, -tre 'mibjinita^;

millionaire

j-meat

-t

1-fuUy -fall

Millicent 'mibsnt

Wlana^; ES

|-d

-jmit

milliampere ,inili'aempir;

milliner

l-ly

minatory 'minajtori, -jtan; S -^ton

mi'je)

milliard 'milja'd, -jard;

|-ed -id

minatorial jnuna 'tonal, -'tar-; S -'tor

'niib(r; |-ite -iait

millet 'grass' 'milit; relig. grotip + mi^lt

Millet

Minorca

280

millenium

|-n

-n

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angn,' 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj",

wnt/ (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards

]go

go

Minorite
Minorite,

misericord

281

m-

misappropriation /miS3jpropri'e/an

'maina^rait

misbecoming jinisbi'kAmio
misbegotten ^misbi'gatiji; ES+-'gDtn

minority ms^norsti, mai-, -'nar-, -'nor-

Minos 'mamas, -nas; ES+-nDs;

Minot 'mainst
Minotaur 'mmajtar; ES -|t33(r

ES

minster 'nunsta^;

|-'s

-iz

misbehave ^misbi'hev

miscalculation jmiskaelkja'le/an

minuet ^minju'Et |-ed -id

Minuit 'minjuit, 'min3wit=Minnewit

miscall mis'kal |-ed -d

miscarriage mis'kaerids

|-es -iz

tire'

\-r -9-;

|-s -iz;

in sense

'fail-

|-ied -d

miscegenation jmisidsa'nejan

minute

w, v

minute

'small' ma'njut, mai-, -'nnit, -^nut

|-d -id

miscellaneous jinisl'enias, -njas

minuteman 'minit^maen |-men -tmen

miscellany 'misl^eni

minutia mi'nju/ia, -'niu-, -'nu-

mischance mis't/aens; E-i--'t/ans, -'tjans;

|-tiae -/iji

minx migks minxes 'mioksiz

Miocene 'maiajsin |-cenic jmaia'senik
Miquelon jinika'lan, -'Ion {Fr mi'klo)
Mirabeau 'mirajbo {Fr mira'bo)
miracle 'mirakl, 'miri- |-d -d j-ling

mischief 'mistjif j-chievous -tjivas

miscolor mis'kAla^;

-kliij,

[-'s

-iz |-d

ES

ES

mai3(r;

|-d

misconstruction jmiskan'strAkJan

-d

ES 'miraCr; |-ed -d
ES msO, myG; |-ful

misconstrue ^miskan'stru,
-i

mirror 'mira^;

-fal j-fuUy

ES

'myza;

'msza,

{Pers

mis'kan-

-i

]-ant -ant

|-d -id [-tion

|-d

-'e/an

-d

misdate mis'det |-dated -'detid

misdeal mis'dil ]-dealt -'delt

misadventure ^misad Vent/a'

misalliance jmisa'laians

|-s

ES

-t/aCr; [-d -d

misdeed mis 'did

misdemean ^misdi'min |-ed -d j-ant -ant

misdemeanor jinisdi'mina^; ES -'mina(r

-iz

misanthrope 'misanjGrop, 'mizmisanthropic jmisan'drapik; ES+-^6rDp-;

-1

miscreance 'miskrians j-cy

miscue mis'kju, -'kiu

'mirza)

-'striu,

ES+-'kDn-; \-d -d
miscount mis'kaunt |-ed -id
stru, -striu,

miscreate jmiskri'et

-fall

miry 'main
Mirza 'myza;

-'kansta(r, -'kon- |-ed -d

misconstruct jmiskan'sttAkt j-ed -id

Miriam 'mirism, 'menam cf Syracuse

mirk myk; ES msk, myk; |-some -sam \-y
mirth myO;

-d

|-d

misconception jmiskan'ssp/an

misconster 'misconstrue' Shak. mis'kansta';

-iz

-d

Miranda ma'raenda
mire mair;

-'kAla(r; |-ed -d

misconduct n mis'kandAkt; ES-i--'konmisconduct v ^miskan'dAkt |-ed -id

-klir,

\-s

ES

misconceive ^miskan'siv

miraculous ma'raekjobs

mirage ma'ras

[-al

-ally -li, -ikli

I

misanthropism mis'aenGrajpizam
misanthropy mis'aenGrapi

|-pist -pist

misdirect jmisda'rekt |-ed -id |-ction -kjan

misdo mis'du |-did -'did |-done -'dAn

misdoubt mis'daut |-ed -id
mise miz, maiz

misapplication jmisaepla'ke/an

misease mis'iz

misapply ^misa'plai

miser,

|-ied

-d

misapprehend jmisaepri'hend

M-

|-s

|-d

'maiza^;

-iz

-d

ES

'maiza(r;

]-ly -li

miserable 'mizrabl, -zara- j-bly -bli

[-ed -id

misapprehension jmisaepri'hen/an

Miserere jimza'tEn,

misappropriate adj jmisa'propriit

misericord, -e ^mizari'kard, mi'zErijkard;

misappropriate v jmisa'proprijet
[full

|-s

-IZ l-d -t

Miraflores jmira'f lores

ES

+-\xnid5

miscarry mis'kari

minuscule mi'nAskjul, -kiul

'mimt

ES

miscalculate mis'kaelkjajet |-d -id

|-age -ids

minuend 'imnjujend

minus 'mamas

-ja^;

-a(r

|-sy -si

mint mint [minted 'mintid

-d |-vior

misbelieve iinisba'llv, -b|'iv |-d -d

'minstaCr

minstrel 'minstral |-ed -d

|-d

-ja(r

ES

ES

-aad

|-d -id

ful jtooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

-'riri

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep 'em 'kipip

misery

mistrust

282
misread mis'rid |-read -'red

misery 'mizri, 'mizsri

misestimate mis'estajmet -mated -jmetitl

misreport

jmisri'port,

ES

-'port;

-'poat,

E + -'pD3t;

misestimation jinisEsta'meJan, nusjcstamisfeasance mis'fizns

misfire mis'fair;

ES

misrepresent jirusrepn'zent |-ed -id

-iz

|-s

misrepresentation jmisreprizEn'te/an

-'fai3(r; |-d -d

misrule mis'rul, -'nul |-d -d ('rule or 'mis-

misfit nus'fit |-ted -id ('mis^fit 'suit)

misfortune mis'fDrtJan;

ES

-'fDatJ-; |-d -d

jrule)

M- mis

misgive mis'giv |-gave -'gev 1-given -'givan

miss,

misgiving mis'givii)

missal 'misl

ES

misgovern iius'gAva^n;
misguide mis'gaid

|-d -id

mishandle mis'haendj

|-d

-'gAvan; |-ed -d
|

-dance -ns

-d

|-ed -id

[-ling -dlig, -d|ig

|misses 'misiz jmissed mist

Missaukee mi'soki
missay mis'se |-said -'sed
misseem mis'sim j-ed -d

mishap 'mis^haep, mis'hfep

Misliawaka jim/a'wDka

misshape mis'Jep, mi/'Jep

Mishnah, -na 'mi/na \Heh

mission 'mijan |-ed -d j-ary -fixi

pi -nayoth jim/na-

-an

Missisquoi mi'siskwai

'joe

ES

misinform jmisin'farm, jmisn-;

-'foam;

-d

l-ed

Mississippi

^misa'sipi,

jsippi 'River) [-an

misinformation jinismfa^'mefan;

ES -fa'meES -'tsp-,

misinterpret ^nusin'typrit, jmisn-;

misinterpretation

jixiisinjts'pri'tej'an, jinisn-;

missive 'misiv

Missoula mi'zula

misspeak mis'spik |-spoke -'spok j-spoken

-'spokan

-jtsp-, -jtyp-

misjudge mis'dsAds

j-s

-iz |-d

misspell mis'spel |-ed -d or -spelt -'spelt

-d

mislabel inis'Iebj j-ed -d |-ing -blig, -blig

misspend mis'spend |-spent -'spent

mislay mis'le

misstate mis'stet j-d -id

|-laid -'led

mislead mis'lid

misstep mis'step |-ped

j-led -'led

mismanage mis'maenids |-s -iz |-d -d

mismatch mis'maetj |-es -iz |-ed -t
mismate mis 'met -mated -'metid
misname mis'nem -named -'nemd
misnomer mis'ttom*; ES -'nomaCr;

mistakable ma'stekabl |-bly -bli

mistake

ma'stek

'stekan

j-ed -d

-'nomarig, -'nomrig

misogamist im'sagamist;

ES + -'sDg-;

|-my

ES + -'sDd3-;

|-ny

-ni

the

in syllable division.

|-es -iz

|-taught

-'tat

mistell mis'tel |-told -'told

m-

ES

'mista';

'mista(r; |-ed -d

misthink mis'Oigk -thought

-iz |-d -t

ra3-

than

mistaught mis'tat

Mister,
|-s

j-n

familiar

less

is

mistake c^ was (were) mistaken; hence

misteach mis'titj

misplace mis'ples

mis'tuk

[-took

mistook

dijferejice

-mi
misogynist mi'sadsanist;

-t

mist mist misted 'mistld

|-ing

('Missis-

jinisi'sipi

-an

Missouri ma'zuri, -'zura |-rian -nan

-'typ-; |-ed -id

ES

|-d -t ]-n

missile 'misl, -il

-'Gat

misplay mis'ple |-ed -d

mistime mis'taim

misprint n mis'print, 'misjpnnt

mistletoe 'misl,to

misprint v mis'print |-ed -id

mistook mis'tuk

misprision mis'prisan

mistral wind 'mistral, mis'tral {Fr mis'tral)

misprize inis'praiz

mispronounce

j-s

-pa'-

|-s

-iz

j-d-t

see

mistake

mistranslate jinistraens'let, -traenz-

|-d -id

mistreat mis'trit |-ed -id

mispronunciation

jimsprajiiAnsi'eJ'an,

-pa'-,

mistress 'mistris |-es -iz

|-'s

-iz

mistrial mis'traial

-Si-

misquotation jiniskwo'te/an

misquote mis'kwot

Key:

-d

Mistral poet, Fr mis'tral

-iz |-d -d

jinispra'nauns,

|-d

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

mistrust inis'trAst |-ed -id; dial,

|-d -id

'expect,' 'thitik'

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

in

saise

mi'strAst

(6) |rate ret ]yet jet |sang saeg |angr}' 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj, wotj" (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

misunderstand
Those words below in which the a sound

misunderstand ^misAnda^'staend;
I

Mohave

283

ES

is s

-Anda-;

-stood -'stud

'M o are often

is

misusage nus'jusids, -zid5

misword mis'ws'd; ES -'wsd, -'wyd;

|-ed -id

miswrite mis'rait |-wrote -'rot [-written -'ritn

-1

ES

mo'daelati

|-ly -i |-ity

model 'madj |-ed -d |-ing 'madliQ, 'madkij

moderate n, adj 'madarit, 'madrit

'maitaCr; |-(e)d -d

-iz

moderate

|-tes' -tiz

v 'mada^ret |-d -id |-tor -&;

ES

-a(r

moderation jmada're/an

mitigable 'mitagabl
|-d -id |-tion

^mita'gejan

mitosis mi'tosis |-toses -'tosiz

mitrailleur

|-al

-jbsd, -jbyd

modal 'modi

mitigate 'mitajget

in-

mockingbird 'makiQibyd, 'mok-, 'mak-;

mode mod

Mithridates jiniGra'detiz

and not

arid C,

and S.

-ikh

-ally -Ii,

Mitchell 'mitjal

ES

mak

mite mait

|-'s

and

-an

mock-heroic 'makhi'ro-ik, 'mnk-, 'mak-

misuse n mis'jus [-uses -'jusiz

Mithras 'miGraes

|-ed -t |-ery

widespread in the

frequent in the

misuse v mis'juz j-uses -'juziz j-used -'juzd

miter, -tre 'maita^;

pronotmced with d in

mock mak, mnk, mak

ES

jinitre'jy;

-'jy;

-'J3(r,

{Fr

mi'tra'joeir)

mitrailleuse jinitre'jsz

j-s

-iz {Fr mitra'joiz)

modern 'mada^n; ES 'madan, esp. attrib.

'madn
modernism 'mada^njizam; ES 'madan-, -dnmodernity ma'dynati, mo-; ES -'dsn-, -'dynmodernization

^mada^na'zejan,

ES

-ai'z-;

jmadan-, -dn-

mitral 'maitrsl

modernize 'mada^n^aiz;

mitt nut -en 'mitn |-ened 'mitnd

ES 'madan-, -dn-;

|-s

mittimus 'mitamas

|-es -iz |-ed -t

-IZ |-d

mitzvah, mits- 'mitsva \Heh pi -voth -vo6

mix,

M-

iniks

|-es -iz |-ed -t j-edly -idli,

mixture 'imkstja"

ES

-tk

'mizn

-mast,

|-mast

|-d

ES

'madannis,

-jinaest;

E-i-

Modesto mo'desto
modicum 'madikam

|-s

-z

modifiable 'mada^faiabl |-bly -bk

modification jmadafa'kejan

-d |-ling 'mizlii;, -zlig

mnemonic ni'manik

-'manikl

|-al

|-ally -li,

modify 'mada^fai

|-fied -^faid

modish 'modij*

-ikk

Mnemosyne

Moab

^mada'imis;

'madnnis
|

-jHiast, -jHiast

mizzle 'mizl

modernness

modest 'madist modesty 'madasti

'mikstJaCr

Mizpah, -peh 'mizpa

mizzen

-d

ni'masn^i, -'maz-, -'mn-

'moaeb

|-ite

modiste mo'dist {Fr ma'dist)

'moabjait

moan men moaned mond

|

|-ful

-fal

-fully

Modjeska ma'dseska
Modoc 'modak

Modred 'modrid

-fah

moat mot moated 'motid

|

modulate 'madsajet

mob mab

|-bed -d

modulation jmadsa'lejan

mobble 'muffle' 'mabl |-d -d

Moberly 'moba^li; ES 'mobali
Mobile mo'bil ('Mo^bile 'Bay)
mobile 'mobl, 'mobil,

[-d -id j-tor -a^;

module 'madsul, -dsiul

modulus 'madsalas |-es

-bil |-bility mo'bilati

-iz

|-]i

-Jai

ES

-a(r

modus operandi 'modasjopa'raendai

modus vivendi 'modasvi'vendai

mobilization jmobla'zejan, -ai'z-

Moeso-Gothic, Moesog- ^miso'gaGik, -'goOik

mobilize 'mobl^aiz

Moffat,

-iz |-d

|-s

moble

'muffle'

moble

'movable' 'mobl

'mabl

|-d

-d

-et, -tt 'malit, -at

Mogador

-d

^maga'dor,

E-i--'daa(r;

-'dar;

ES

-'doa(r,

Ohio 'Moga^dore

Mobridge 'mobrids |-'s

Moby Dick 'mobi'dik

-iz

Mogul

moccasin 'mokasn, -zn

|-ed

mohair 'mother, -^kaer; E -jka(r, ES -jhaea(r

Mohammed mo'baemid |-an -'haemadan
Mohave, -jave mo'havi {Am Sp mo'ha^e)

-d

Mocha 'moka
|full

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fytJa^;

ES

'mogAl, mo'gAl ('Great Mo'gul)

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm


Mohawk

Mongolia

284

Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

o are often pronounced with d in

Mohawk 'mohok

molybdic ms'libdik

Mohican mo'hikan

Molyneux 'mAhinuks,

Mohock 'mohak, -hak

Mohonk mo'hagk, -'hogk
moidore 'maidor, -dar; ES
moiety

-do3(r,

-inju, -jmu,

momentaneous jmoman'tenias

Moira 'maira
moire mwar, mwar, mor, mar; ES mwa:(r,

momentarily

'moman^terali,

esp.

emph.

if

jmoman'terali

-tamz
|-ed -d |-ing 'moisnig,

|-ta -ta

Mommsen 'mamsn,
Momus 'momas |-'s

-smg

'moistJaCr

-zn {Ger 'mamzan)

-iz

Monaca 'manaka

Mojave mo'havi (Am Sp mo'ha^e)

ES

|-x's

momentous mo'mentas j-tum -tam |-tums

mwa3(r, mo3(r, E+mD3(r

moist maist

ES

-jm

Mombasa mam'bassa, -'basa

Momence mo 'mens |-'s -iz
moment 'momant |-mentary -man^ten

E+-d33(r

'niDiati, 'majati

moisture 'maistja^;

and S

-jnuksiz, -jiijuz, -jmuz, -jnuz

moil mail moiled maild

moisten 'maisn

|-dite -dait

molasses ma'laesiz

monachal 'manakl |-chism -^kizam

monacid man'aesid

mold mold |-ed -id |-y -i

Moldavia mal'devia, -vja |-n -n
moldboard 'mold^bord, 'mol-, -jbard,
'mAl-; ES -jboad, E + '^baad

Monaco 'manajko
monad 'manaed, 'monaed
Monadnoc poem ma'naednak \mt. -nock -nak
Monaghan 'managan, 'manahan, -xan

molar 'mola';

molder 'molda^;

'molaCr

ES

dial.

'mold3(r; j-ed -d |-ing

Woldrig, 'moldarig

ES

monarch 'mana^k; ES 'manak; |-ed -t

monarchal ma'narki; ES -'na:kl, E+-'na:kl;

-'kk33l3(r

molecule 'mala^kjul, -^kiul

|-ly -I |-chial -kial

monarchic

molest ma'lest |-ed -id

ES

-3(r; {Fr mb*-

E+

-'na:k-,

-jkizam

|-chist -kist

monastery 'manas^teri |-rial ^mana'stirial

monastic ma'naestik |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

'lje:r)

monasticism ma'naestajSizam

|-y -i

molhfication ^malafa^kejan
mollify 'mabjfai

ES

-1 |-ally -li, -ikli

monarchy 'mana^ki; ES 'manaki; |-chism

molestation jmolas'te/an, ^mal-

Moline mo'lin
Moll mal, mol, mal

ma'narkik;

-'na:k-; |-al

-I'jer;

[-dry

-dri

molehill 'moljhil |moleskin -^skin

jraoli'er,

'mana-

monandric ma'naendrik |-drous -dras

Moliere

Lisa 'mona'liza, 'mana- {It

'll:za)

moldwarp 'moldjwarp; ES -jwaap

mole mol moled mold
Mole 'mole
molecular maHekjala';

Mona

|-fied -^faid

mollusk, -sc 'malask |-ed

mollycoddle 'malijkadl

-t [-scan

j-d

ma'lAskan

-d |-ling -jkadlig,

Monboddo man'bado
Monckton 'mAgktan
Monday 'mAiidi spelt Mundy

in 1647, cf

Friday

Monel, m- mo'nel

-jkadlig

Moloch 'molak

Monet mo'ne

Moloney, -ny ms'loni

molt molt Imolted 'moltid;

monetary 'mAna^teri, 'manamonetize 'mAna^taiz, 'mana- |-s -iz |-d -d

money 'mAni |-s, -nies -z j-ed, -nied -d

\NEngd+mi\i

{46)

molten 'moltn

Moltke 'moltka {Ger 'moltka)

Molucca ma'lAka |-n -n |-s -z
moly 'moll
molybdenum ma'libdanam, jmalib'dinam

Key: See

in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

{Fr ma'ne)

moneybag 'mAnijbaeg
monger 'mAgga^; ES 'mAgga(r;

|-ing

-grig,

-gang

Mongol 'maggal,

-gal, -gol

Mongolia mag'golia, man-,

-Ija |-n

-n

(6) |rate ret |yet JEt |sang saeg |angr)^ 'g'grr

far |watch watj", wntj" (12) |ja\v dja Igorge gards |go go

mongoose
Those words below in which the a sound

mongoose,

'maggus,

-goos

is spelt

'man-

'mAg-,

-gril

ES

'manikaCr

monish 'manij |-es -iz |-ed -t

monism 'manizam, 'men- |-ist
monistic mo'mstik |-al -1 j-ally

-Gagjgaiz, -Gog-

-ist
-li,

'manataCr; |-ed -d |-ing

mAgk

-jtori;

|-craft

|-ist -ist

monopolization ma^napla^ze/an,

-ai'z-

-iz |-d -d

|-s

E+-ikraft,

monorail 'manajtel

monorailroad 'manajrelrod |-railway -jrelwe

monlcey 'mAgki

monosyllabic ^manasi'laebik

|-ed -d |-shine -jjain

Monkwearmouth 'mAgkVirmaG; ES -^wiamsO

Monmouth 'mamnsG |-shire -y/ir, -JV; ES

monosyllabism jmana'sila^bizam
monosyllable 'mana^silabl

ES

|-al

monotone 'manajton
monotonous ma'natnas [-tony
monotype 'mana^taip
-'karpas,

monochord 'mana^kard; ES -jkaad

monochrome 'mana^krom
monocle 'manakl |-d -d
|-ly -i

Monroe manVo

|-rovia -'rovia

Monsieur, m- ma'sjy;

Monsignor,

|-nous -nas

ES

-'J3(r, -'jy;

m-

ES

{Fr ma'sje)

-'sJ3(r;

man'sinja^;

ES

-ja(r;

(//

monsiji'jio:re)

Monson 'mAnsn

monoclinic jmana'klinik

monocotyledon jmanajkatl'idn

|-ous -'idnas,

monsoon man'sun

|-al -1

monster 'mansta",

ES

'mansta(r; j-ed -d

monstrance 'manstrans

-'ednas

monocracy mo'nakrasi
monody 'manadi
monogamist ma'nagamist |-mous -mas |-my
-mi

monogram 'manajgraem ]-med

-d

monograph 'manaigraef; E+-jgraf,

-]graf;

monstrous 'manstras

monolith 'manljiG

|-ths -Gs |-ic

monologue,

'manlpg,

-^ng

-iz

man'strasati

-jgiu

Montana man'tasna |-n -n

Montano man'taeno
Montauk man'tak ('Mon^tauk

'Point)

mant'blaegk, mnnt- {Fr mo'bla)

Montcalm mant'kam

^manl'iGik

-^ag,

|-s

|-strosity

Montagu, -e 'manta^gju,
Montaigne man 'ten

Mont Blanc

l-ed -t

|-d,

-ged -d

monomania jmana'menia,

-h,

{Fr mos'jioe:r)

monocline 'mana,klain

-log

|-ally

-tni

Monseigneur, m- jmansen'js^;

E+-'ka:p-

monoclinal jmana'klainl

-1

-ikb

Monocacy ma'nakasi
jmana'karpas;

|-ist -jGiist

monotheistic ^manaGi'istik

monobasic /mana'besik

monocarpous

j-al -1 |-ally -li,

-ikb

monotheism 'manaGi^izam

-S^ir

Lisa 'mona'liza {It 'mana'lhza)

monniker 'mamka^; ES 'mamk3(r

monoacid jmano'sesid

|full

-d

monopoly ma'napli, -'naph

-jtori

-jkraeft;

-^kraft

- Ji3(r,

-iz j-d

monopolize ma'napljaiz

-tang, -trig

Monna

|-s

monoplane 'manajplen
monopolism ma'napjjizam

-ikk

monition mo'm/an

monitory 'mana^tori,

|-ist -ist

Monongahela ma^nagga'hila, -jnanMonongalia ;monan'gelia

monophthong 'manaf^Gag, 'mana^G-, -jOog
monophthongal ^manafGaggj, -a'O-, -ng-, -g)
monophthongize 'manafOagjaiz, 'jnanaG-,

monied 'mAmd monies 'mAmz

moniker, -icker 'manika^;

ES

and S

Monona ma'nona

'mongst mAgst, mAgkst

Monhegan man'higan
Monica, m- 'mamka

monitor 'manata^;

o are often pronounced with n in

monometallic jmanama'taelik

monometallism jmana'metljizam
monomial mo'nomial

|-(e)s -iz

mongrel 'mAggral, 'mag-, 'man-,

monk

Montebello

285

Montclair mant'kler,

-'klaer;

-'kkaCr,

ES

-'klaea(r

-nja

|-iac -ijaek

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fstJa

Montebello jmanta'bElo
|custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau |toy

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij" |vision 'vijan |Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl |keep

tai

'em 'kipm

Monte Carlo
Those words below in which the a sound

Monte Carlo

jmanti'karlo;

ES

-'ka:-,

is

less

and S

Moore mor, mar, mur; ES mo3(r, mu3(r,

E-t-mD3(r

Moorehead

Cristo, Montecristo jmanti'kristo

Montenegro jmanta'nigro j-grin -'nlgrin

Monterey, -rrey jmanta're {Am Sp jmonte-

'mur^hed,

Montesquieu jmanta'skju, -'skiu {Fr mots-

'mor-,

ES

'mor-;

'mua-, 'mo3-, E-t-'maa-

Moorgate 'mur^get, 'mor-, 'mar-; ES 'mua-,

'moa-, E-i-'maa-;

Vrei)

loc. -git

Moorhead 'mor^hEd,

ES

'mar-, 'mur-;

'moa-,

'mua-, E-h'maa-

'kj0)

Montessori /manta'sori,

-'s3ri;

S -'son

{It

jmontes'so:ri)

Moorish 'munj
moose mus moose's 'musiz
Moosehead 'mus,hd
|

US

Montevideo

jmanta'vidijo;

Uru + ,man-

tavi'deo {Am Sp jmonte^i'tieo)

Montezuma jmanta'zuma

Montferrat ^mantfoVaet

Moosilauke 'musjpk, jmusl'aki

moot mut [mooted 'mutid

{It jinonfer'rarto,

Fr

mofe'ra)

mop map |-ped -t

mope mop moped mopt
|

Montgomery mant'gAmri, -'gAmari

-iJir,

pronounced with d z

spelt o are often

E+

-'ka:-

Monte

more or

286

ES

-JV;

|-shire

Mopsa 'mapsa

-Ji3(r, -J3(r

month mAn6 months

niAnOs,

moppet 'mapit
moraine mo'ren

mAnts

|-nal -1 j-nic -ik

Monticello jmanta'selo, -a {It jmonti'tjEllo)

moral 'maral, 'mar-, 'mor-

Montmorency US, Can, France ^mantma-

morale ma'rael, mo-, ma-,

morahty

'rensi {Fr moniDra'si)

Montour man'tur; ES

ES

{Fr ma'ral)

ma-, mo-, ma-, mo-

moralize 'maral^aiz, 'mar-, 'mor-

-'tu3(r

Montpelier mant'pilja^;

ma'raelati,

|-ly -i |-ist -ist

-'rol

|-s

-iz j-d -d

moralless 'marallis, 'mar-, 'mor-

-'pilJ3(r

Montpellier France mant^pelije {Fr mopa'lje,

Moran

mo'raen, ma-, ma-, 'moran, 'mar-; S

mo-, ma-, 'mor-

-PE-)

Montreal jinantnbl, jinAntMontrose mant'roz |-'s -iz

Mont-Saint-Michel Fr mostemi'/El

morass mo'raes, ma-, ma-; S mo-, ma-;

|-es -iz

moratorium

^mnr-,

Montserrat ^mantsa'raet {Sp jinantseVrat)

Moravia mo'revia, ma-

monument n 'manjamant
monument v 'manjajment j-mented -jmentid

Moray

monumental jinanja'mentl j-ly -i

moo mu mooed mud
mooch mutj mooches 'mutjiz

'man
moray 'more, mo're,

-'tar-;

mooched

mut/t

M- mun mooned mund

|

mooncaK 'mun^k^f;

-jkaf,

|-beam -jbim
-jkaf,

-jkaef;

-Ives -vz

moonrise 'mun^raiz

Am Jem.

-iz

moonset 'mun^set
moonshine 'mun^Xain |-shined -jjaind
moonstone 'mun^ston
moon-struck 'mun^strAk
moor, M- mur; ES mu3(r; |-ed -d |-age -ids
See in full 3~47.

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

name

ES

'msri,

often

'mori,

'ma-, ma-; S 'mo-, momorbid 'marbid; ES 'maabid

ES ma'bidati
ES maaES 'maadnsi;

|-dant

-dnt

Mordecai ^mardi'keai, 'mardijkai; ES -aadimordent 'mardnt; ES 'maadnt

morel,

|-ed -id or -lit -jlit

|-s

-n

'mAre)

more,

moonlight 'munjait

Ibath baeG;

'mAri, 'myi;

j-n

{Sc

M- mor, mar; ES moa(r, E-i-maa(r

M- ma'rEl, ma-, ma-, moMoreland 'morland, 'mar-; ES 'moa-, E-i-

mooneye 'mun^ai moon-eyed 'mun^aid

Key:

'ms'i

mordancy 'mardnsi;

moolly, mooly 'muli, 'muli

Scotl

mordacious mar'dejas;

jmar-,

S -'toriam

morbidity mar'bidati;

mood mud moody, M- 'mudi

moon,

^mara'toriam,

'piti

'maa-

Moreno ma'rino
more or

less 'mora^'lES,

.'mora'ks,

E + 'mara

'mora'ks, 'mar-;

In

the

ES

2d pron.

a^

becomes a by dissimilation {121).

(6) |rate ret |yet JEt jsang sasg langr\'

far |watch wat/,

wot/

'ag-gn

(12) |ja\v dsa |gorge gards |go go

motorcycle

287

moreover

ES

mar-;

moreover mor'ov,
E+ mar-

mor'ov3(r,

ES ^maataES 'maata-; |-fied -^faid

Mortimer 'martama^; ES 'maatama(r
mortise 'martis; ES 'maa-; |-s -iz |-d -t
mortmain 'martmen; ES 'maat-; |-ed -d
Morton 'mortn, 'martn; ES 'moatn, E +
mortification jmartafa'ke/an;

mortify 'marta,fai;

mores 'moriz, 'mar-; S 'mor-

Morgan 'margan; ES 'maagan

ES

morganatic jmarga'naetik;

^maag-;

|-al -1

-ally -li, -ikli

I

Morgan ton 'margantan; ES 'maag-;

|-town

'maatn

mortuary 'mart/u^eri; ES 'maat/u-

-jtaun

Morgenthau 'margan^ea; ES 'maag-; (Ger

morgue marg; ES maag
Moriah maVaia, moMoriarty

Mosaic, m- mo'ze-ik

Moschus 'maskas, 'mns-;

Moscow Id 'masko,

ES

jmari'arti, ^mar-, ^mnr-;

-'a:ti

Moselle mo'zel

moribundity jmara'bAndati, jmar-, ^mor-

Moses 'moziz,

m- ma'risko

-az, -as, -is

'mozaz & 'mozas

are less freq. in the S.

Morison 'marasn, 'mar-, 'mor-

Moslem 'mazlam,

Morland 'marland; ES 'maaland

Morley 'marli; ES 'maali
Mormon 'marman; ES 'maaman; |-ism -jizam
morn marn; ES maan; |-ing -ig
Morocco, m- ma'rako; ES-F-'mko; |-can -kan
moron 'moran, 'mar-; S 'mor-, ES + -Dn
moronic mo'ramk, ma-; S mo-, ES-h-'ron-

mosque mask, mosk, mask

morose mo'ros, mamorpheme 'marfim; ES 'maa-;

Morpheus

'marfias, -fjus;

ES

'maaf-;

|-'s

m-

'maris, 'mar-, 'mor-

|-'s

-iz

M- mas, mos

moth mae, moG

ES

'mASarinjla,

'mA'Sa'jlaend;

moths maSz, mnSz,

ES

-iz

'maata(r; |-ed -d

ES

'mart'darOa^

'maat'da:ea(r; {Fr martdar'tyrr)

mortgagor, -er 'margidsa^;

(jmortga'gee

&

mortice 'martis;

ES

-iz |-d -d

'maagid3a(r;

jmortga'gor -'dsar)

ES

mot

juste

motley,

mortgage 'margids; ES 'maa-; |-s

mortgagee ^margi'dsi; ES ^maa-

|full

'maata-

E+-jbaad

Morte d'Arthur, Mort Darthur

ES

ES

-6s

'ma6i, 'moGi

motion 'mojan |-ed -d

motivate 'motajvet |-d -id
motive 'motiv |-d -d

|-ly -i

ES ma-

mortarboard 'marta^^bord, -jbard;

jboad,

ES 'mA^a-

motile 'motl, 'motil

'maatj;

ES

ES

motif mo'tif

'maasi; |-ed -d

mortality mar'taelati;

mortar 'mart*;

'mASa^n^la;

'mAcJazinjla, 'mAtiazn^la

mort mart; ES maat

mortal 'mart!;

-d |-ing

mothers-in-law 'mA'Sa' zinnia, 'mAtJa^zn^la;

mothy

ES

|-ed

'mAtiarin'la, 'mA'San^la

Morse mars; ES maas;

morsel 'marsl;

'mASa(r;

'mAtJrig, 'mASariij

Morristown 'maris^taun, 'mar-, 'mormorrow, M- 'maro, 'mar-, 'mor-, -a

|-'s

j-back -^baek

|-ths -Sz, -Os |-th's -Os

'mA'Sa';

motherland

-iz

Morrison 'marasn, 'mar-, 'mor-

|-es -iz j-ed -t

most most; NEngd+niost (46)

mot Fr mo
mote arch, v mot \past moste most, mod. must
mote n mot |moted 'motid
motet mo'tet

mother-in-law
-'fol-

ES + 'mn-

'mas-;

mosquito ma'skito, -a
moss,

mother

morphine 'marfln; ES 'maaf in

morphology mar'falad3i; ES ma'fal-,
Morris,

mar-

|-mic

ES maa-

'fimik;

-iz

|-'s

'mos-; Russia -kau, -ko

Moseley 'mozli

moribund 'mara,bAnd, 'mar-, 'mor-, -band

Morisco,

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

Mosby 'mozbi

'marganjtau)

'maa-;

|-s

ES

'fstJa

jmota've/an

Fr mo'syst

M-

'math; ES-i- 'mot-

'mota^;

ES

'mota(r; |-ed -d |-y

-i

motorboat 'mota'jbot; ES 'motamotorbus 'mota'jbAs; ES 'mota-; l-(s)es

motorcar 'mota^jkar; ES 'mota^kaUr,

-iz
E-t-

-jka:(r

motorcycle 'mota'jsaikj;

-iz |-d -t

ful Itooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

motor

]-tion

ES

'mota-;

|-d

-d

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

|-ling

-jsaikhg, -jsaiklig

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

'em 'kipm

motorman

Muir

288

motorman 'mota'man; ES 'motaman; 1-men

-man
Motteux ma'tju, mo-, -'tiu, -'tu {Fr mo'to)
mottle 'matl; ES + 'motl; |-d -d |-ling -tlig.

mouthful 'mauGjful

|-fuls -^fulz

mouthpiece 'mauO^pis

-iz

[-s

movability, movea- ^muva'bilati

movable, movea- 'muvabl

|-bly -bli

move muv [moved muvd [movie 'muvi

-tho
-a; ES + 'mot-; |-ed -d
mouch 'mutj |mouches 'mutjiz Imouched

motto 'mate,
mutjt

moue Fr mu
Moukden muk'dn, 'mukdan
mould mold |-ed -id |-y -i
mouldboard 'moldjbord, 'mol-,
'mAl-; ES -jboad, E+-jb33d

ES

moulder 'molda^;

-ibard, dial.

mow 'haymow' mau [mowed maud

mow 'reap' mo [mowed mod [mowed mod w
mown mon
mow 'grimace' mau, mo |-ed -d
Mowbray 'mobn
mower 'mowing machiiie' 'moa^; ES
Mower 'maua^; ES 'mau'a(r

'm0'a(r

Mowgli 'ma ugh

'mold3(r; |-ed -d |-mg

mown mon
Mozambique ^mozam'bik

'moldrio, 'moldarig

mouldwarp 'mold^warp; ES -jwoap

Moulmein maul'men, mal-, mol-

Mozart 'mozart; ES -za:t; (Ger 'mo:tsart)

Mr. 'mista^; ES 'mista(r

moult molt Imoulted 'moltid; \NEngd+Ta6\t

Mrs. 'misiz,

Moulton 'moltn
Moultrie

US

ES

ES

-'dza^t;

('Mount ^Desert

'Island)

muck mAk [mucked mAkt

muckle 'mAkl
muckrake 'mAk^rek [-raked
'mjukas,

mouse n maus |-'s -iz |mice mais |mice's -iz

mouse V mauz [mouses 'mauziz [moused

mauzd
'mausjhol

mu

[Mousehole

Cornw

'mauzl

-^rekt

[mucus

'miu-

'mjukas.

'miu-

mud mAd [mudded 'mAdid [-dy -i [-died -id

muddle 'mAdl [-d -d -ling 'mAdlig, -dlig
muddleheaded 'mAdl'hedid ('muddle-headed
'Joe)

mudguard 'mAd^gard; ES

l-ed -d

-,ga:d, E-f--jga:d

mudsill 'mAdjSil

muezzin mju'ezin, miumuff mAf [muffed mAft

muffin 'mAfin
muffle 'mAfl -d -d [-ling 'mAflig, 'mAflig

mouser 'mauza^; ES 'mauza(r;

|-y

'mausari.

muffler 'mAfla^;

ES

'mAfla(r

mufti 'mAfti

-sri

mousse mus [mousses 'musiz

moustache 'mAstaeJ, ma'staej

mug mAg
[-s

mugged mAgd

'mautJi,

E baO

|-wump

bee bi [pity

-jbsg.

-ibyg

Muir mjur, miur

See in full 3-47.

-i

Muhammad mu'haemad |-an -an

Muhlenberg 'mjulan^byg, 'mm-; ES

-Gi

[bath baeO;

j-gy

-jWAmp

-iz |-d -t

mousy 'mausi, 'mauzi

mouth n mau9 |-th's -6s [-ths -Sz
mouth V mautS [mouthed mautid j-y

Key:

mju, miu, mu; Chin meas.

mucid 'mjusid, 'nuusid

ES

mountebank 'mauntajbaegk
Mountjoy 'mauntdsai
mourn morn, marn; ES moan, E+maan;

mousehole

('misis

voiced

much mAtJ

mucous

-tin-, -tan-

jmauntdi'zyt,

-'z3t, -'zyt, -zat;

letter

before

'braun).

mucilaginous jmjusl'aedsanas, ^miusl-

S + -'a(r

mountainside 'mauntn^said,

Mount Desert

'misiz

S 'miziz, miz:

'misis before voiceless

mucilage 'mjuslids, 'mm-, -sbds

-'si3(r

mount, M- maunt [mounted 'mauntid

mountain Wauntn, -tin, -tan |-ous -as
mountaineer ^mauntri'ir, -tin-, -tan-;
-'ia(r,

'praet,

mu Gk

'mutri, 'multri (formerly spelt Moutrie)

maun'sir;

and 'misiz

sounds,

places 'moltn. Fort 6" general

mound, M- maund mounded 'maundid

Mounseer 'Monsieur' arch, b' humorous

-az, 'misis, -as;

Some speakers say

(46)

'piti (6)

[-head -jhed

[rate ret [yet jet [sang

(10) |ah a [far far [watch wafj,

wotj

sg [angry

'jeg-gri

(12) |jaw dga [gorge gards [go go

Mukden

Mut

289

Mukden muk'dEn, 'mukdan

multitudinous jinAlta'tjudnaS, -'tiud-, -'tud-

mulatto md^seto, mju-, miu-, -a

multivalence ^mAka'velans, mAl'tiva- |-cy

M-

mulberry,

-ban

'mAl^beri,

Mulcaster 'mAlkaesta^ ;

ES

mulch mAltf |mulches

Multnomah mAlt'noma

-kaestaCr

|mulched

'mAltJiz

HlAlt/t

mulct mAlkt [mulcted 'mAlktid

mule mjul, nuul

muleteer

j-lish -if

ES

jinjula'tir;

-i

-lent -lant
I

S+-'tE3(r

-'ti9(r,

muley 'mjub, 'iniu-, Wuli, 'mub

mull mAl mulled mAld
mullah, M-, -la 'mAb, Wula

mumm mAm |mummed lUAmd

mumble 'mAmbl |-d -d |-ling 'mAmbbg,
Mumbo Jumbo 'mAmbo'dsAmbo
mummer 'mAma^; ES 'mAmad; |-y -i
mummify 'mAmijfai |-iied -jfaid
mummy 'mAini mummied 'mAmid
mum,

-blio

mumps mAmps

munch

Mullens, -ins 'mAbnz, -anz

Muller 'mAla^;
Miiller,

Max

mAntJ" [munches ^mAntJiz [munched

mAnt/t

mullein, -len 'mAbn, -an

-iz

|-'s

ES 'mAb(r
ES

'maeks'mila';

-'nul3(r; {Ger

Munchausen mAn'tJazn ('Mun^chausen

Muncie 'mAnsi jMuncy 'mAnsi
mundane 'mAnden

Munday 'mAndi
Munhall 'mAnhal

'maks 'mylar)
mullet 'mAbt

mulley 'mub, 'muli

mulligatawny jmAbga'toni

Munich

mulligrubs 'mAb^grAbz

municipal mju'nisapl, miu-

mullion 'mAljan |-ed -d

municipality

Mulock 'mjubk,

'miu-, -lak;

multifarious jmulta'ferias,

ES+'lok

ES

munition mju'DiJan, miu-

-jfaam

'mAlt3;graef; E+-igraf, -jgraf

Munro,

-roe

-W; E

jinAltajiniljan'er,

ES

-zi

ES

'minsta^;

'minsta(r;

mural 'mjural, 'micral

Murat

multiple 'mAltapl j-plex -/pkks

multiplication jmAltapIa'ke/an, ^mAltapais lost

by l-dissimila-

tion (121).

multiplicity jmAka'pbsati

multipHer

'niAltajplaia^;

ES

|-ly -i

Fr general
my'ra (Fr my'ra)
mju'raet, miu-,

[-ing

|-ed -d

-dang, -drig

murderer 'mydar;

ES

'msdarafr, 'mydara(r

murderous 'ms^daras, -dras; ES 'msd-, 'mydmurex, M- 'mjureks, 'miu- [-es -iz [-rices
-rajsiz

multiply adv 'mAltapb, -pb

muriate 'mjurijct, 'miu-,

-it |-d -^etid

muriatic jmjuri'aetik, ^miu- ('murijatic 'acid)

-'polaCr

multitude 'mAlta^tjud, -jtiud-, -jtud

ful jtooth tu6 [further 'fs^Sa^;

ES 'mafnz-

ibsr-, 'myf-, -jbAr-, -jby-

ES

name

Murfreesboro 'myfriz^byo, -a;

-jplai-3(r

multiply V 'mAkaiplai -plied -jplaid

multipolar jmAha'pola';

'minsta^bsg,

murder 'myda^; ES 'msdaCr, 'myda(r;

multiplicate 'mAltapli^ket

Am

mju'raet, miu-,

multiplicand jinAltapb'kaend

2d

ES

'minstajbyg; (Ger 'mynstar jberk)

multiphase 'niAltajfez

the

(Ger

'mynstar)

multiped 'mAltajped |-pede -jpid

[full

[-ed -d

Miinsterberg 'minsta^jbyg;

-b-3(r

2d pron.

|-nt

-i

Munster 'mAnsta^; ES ^mAnsta(r

Miinster

-'ae3(r

multiparous niArtiparas

the

mju-

man'ro

Munsey 'mAnsi,
Munson 'mAnsn

|-ly -i

multinuclear jinAlti'njukba^, -'niu-, -'nu-;

In

-pb

^miu-,

muniment 'mjunamant, 'miu-

multilateral jmAUi'laetaral

ES

[-ly -pli,

jmjuiusa'paelati,

-snt

multiHngual jmAlti'bggwal

-'3(r,

Miinchen

(Ger

munificence mju'nifasns, miu- [-cy

-'stljalaCr

-'faer-, -'fer-

ES

multiform 'mAltajfarm;

multimillionaire

^miu-

jmsa-, miu-

multifold 'mAlta^foId

M-

'mjunik,

'mynxan)

multicellular jmAlti'sEljala^;

multigraph,

'tales)

ES

Muriel 'mjurial, 'miu'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


myope

290

Murillo
Murillo mjuVilo, miu- (Sp mu'ri^o)

Musset ma'se {Fr my'se)

murk myk; ES mak, myk; |-some -sam \-y -i

murmur 'ms'ma'; ES 'msmaCr, 'mym3(r; |-ed

Mussolini jmusl'mi, ^mus-

-d 1-ing -mrii), -marig

Murphy

'm^fi;

ES Wsfi,

'myfi

Murphysboro 'myfiz^byo,

ES

-a;

^mafiz-

jbsr-, 'myf-, -ibAr-, -jby-

ES

murrain 'myin;

'marin,

WAnn, 'myrm;

(It jmusso'li:m)

Mussulman 'lUAslman \-s -z or -men -man

must stressed 'mAst, ^mAst; unstr. mast, befare
conss. +m3s (iwi mas 'go)
mustache 'mAstaJ, ma'staef
mustachio ma'staXo |-ed -d

j-s

-iz |-d -t

Mustafa Kemal, -pha 'mAstafaka'mol,

Murray 'myi; ES 'msri, 'mAri, 'myi

murrey 'myi; ES 'man, 'mAri, 'myi
murther 'raySa^; ES 'matJaCr, 'mySaCr;

mustang 'mAstaeg
mustard 'mAsta^d; ES 'mAstad
j-ed -d

ES

'mAsta(r; |-ed -d [-ing

mustn't 'mAsnt, before soine cow^^. + 'mAsn

muscadine 'mAskadin, -jdain

muscat 'mAskat,

muster 'mAsta^;

'mAstarig, 'musing

1-ing -tJariij, -Srio

('mAsn 'du

-kaet

it)

muscatel jmAsk3'tl ('muscajtel 'wine)

mutability jmjuta'bilati, jiniuta-

Muscatine jinAska'tin

mu table

muscle,

M-

'mAsl

-d

|-d

1-ling

Muscoda jHiAska'de
Muscogee mAs'kogi
Muscovy 'mAskavi |-vite
muscular 'mAskjala^;

ES

'mAslig, -slig

-jvait

'mAskjala(r

ES

musculature 'mAskjalatJa^;

M-

mjuz, miuz

museum mju'ziam,

|-s

'miu-

-run

less freq.

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

-ikh

musicale jmjuzi'kael, ^miu- {Fr myzi'kal)

musician mju'zi/an, miumusicologist

ES +

^miu-;

musket 'mAskit

'mAska^Ands

|-s

|-s

-iz

mutinous 'mjutnas, 'miut- |-ny -ni

Mutius 'mjujas, 'mm-, -/las |-'s -iz
mutt mAt
mutter 'mAta^; ES 'mAta(r; |-ed -d

ES

Muskingum mAs'kiggam,

-iz

|-ing

M-

'mAtn

The pron. 'mAtan

is

not

in general use.
|-ly -i

muzhik,

-zjik

my

mu'gik, 'musik
j-d

-d |-hng 'mAzlig, 'mAzlig

stressed 'mai, jmai; unstr.

before vowels

mai, before conss. ma, Brit stage sometimes

-Hia(r, S+-'ta(r

recently +mAS^kn^-

am

mi
Mycenae

mai'sini [-naean ^maisi'nian

mycologist mai'kaladsist; ES-h-'kol-; |-gy

muskmelon 'mAskjmelan
Muskogee mAs'kogi

Myer

muskrat 'mAsk^raet, 'mASjkraet

Mynheer, m- main'hEr,

-dsi

muslin 'mAzlin

'maia^;

-'hia(r;

ES

'mai'a(r;

{Du mijnheer

|-s

-z |-s's -ziz

-'hir;

ES

-'hEa(r,

ma'ne:r)

musquash 'mAskwaJ, -kwoj 1-es -iz

muss mAs musses 'mAsiz mussed mAst

myocardiograph ^maio'kardiajgraef ; ES

mussel 'mAsl |-ed -d

myope 'maiop |myopia mai'opia

Key:

S-i-

'mAtarig, 'mAtrig

muzzle 'mAzl

j-ry -ri

musketeer ^mAska'tir;

-'ia(r,

mutuality jmjutju'aelati, ^miu-

muskallonge 'inAska^lands, -Jonds

Muskegon mAs'kigan
-kail-

ES

-d

mutual 'mjutjual, 'miu-

-'kol-; |-gy -dji

musk mAsk jmusked mAskt

muskellunge,

-'a(r, -'jea(r; |-ed

mutton,

jmjuzi'kaladsist,

mju'tsendis,

|-d -id

mutineer jmjutn'ir, iUuut-;

-iz |-d -d

mush mAj |-es -iz |-ed -t

mushroom 'mAjrum, -rum,

tetid

mutilation jmjutl'e/an, ^miu-

-t/aCr

miu-, -'ziam, 'mjuziam.

music 'mjuzik, 'miu-

'mjutabl, 'miut- j-bly -bli

mutate 'mjutet, 'miu- |-tated mutation mju'te/an, miumutatis mutandis mju'tetis

miu'tetis miumute mjut, miut |-d -id
mutilate 'mjutj^et, 'miu-

muscularity jmAskja'laerati

muse,

-'ke-

mal

l-ed -d

See in full 3^7.

Ibath baee;

-'ka:-

dia-, E+-/graf, -igraf, -'ka:d-

bee bi |pity 'piti ( 6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'jeg-gri
bae (10) |ah a |far far |watch watj, WDtJ (12) Ijaw dsa Igorge gords |go go

myopic
myopic mai^apik; ES + -'Dp-;

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

mysterious mis^tirias, mi'stinas

mystery
mystery

-ikh

myosis mai'osis
myosotis ^maia'sotis

Myra

nape

291

mystic,

|-es -iz

'trade' 'mistari
'secret' 'mistri,

M-

'mistik

'mistari

-ikh

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

mysticism ^mistajSizam

'maira

myriad 'nuriad
myriapod 'miri3ipad; ES+-jpDd
Myrick 'mairik, 'merik
Myrmidon, m- 'mymajdon, -dan;

Wama-, 'ms'ma-,
Myron 'mairan

mystification jmistafa'ke/an

mystify 'mista^fai

myth mi6

ES

|-fied -jfaid

|-ths -6s

mythic 'miOik

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

-ikh

mythological jituGaladsikl; ES+-'lDd3-;

-jdon

|-ly

-I, -ikli

myrrh my; ES m3(r, my;

|-ed -d

|-ic

-ik,

mythologist mi'Oaladsist;

^mirik

ES+-^Gd1-;

|-gy

-dgi

Myrrha

'mira

Myrtle,

m-

mythologize mi^Gala^dsaiz; ES+-'6d1-;

'mytl;

ES

'mstl, 'mytl

myself ma'self, mai'self

Mysia 'mijia [-n -n

Mysore mai'sor, -'sar; ES

-'soa(r,

|-s

-iz

l-d-d
Mytilene ^mitrim
E+-'saa(r

myxedema, -oedema jmiksiMIma

myxoid 'miksaid

N
N, n

letter

Naaman

en

\pl

namable, nameable 'nemabl

N's, Ns, pass N's enz

namby-pamby

'neaman, 'neman

-pamby

|-bly

-bh
('namby-

'naerabi'paembi

Naamathite 'neamajGait
nab naeb nabbed naebd
Nabal 'nebl
nabob 'nebab; ES + 'nebob

name nem |named nemd [namely

Nameoki jnaemi'oki

Naboth 'nebaO; ES+'nebne

Namur

nacelle na's2l

Nanchang Wn't/aeg (Chin 'nan'tjag)

Nancy pers. name 'naensi; France 'naensi

Nacogdoches jnaeka'dotjiz
nacre 'neka^;
nadir

'neda-^;

ES
ES

|-es' -t/iz

|-s

{Fr

Nanking naen'kig [Nankin naen'kin

Nannette hasn'et
Nannie 'naem [nanny-goat 'naeni^got

Nansen 'naensn {Noriv 'nansan)

-z |-es -ajdiz

Nantasket

nasn'taeskit

Nantes naents |-'s -iz {Fr na:t)

Nanticoke 'naenti^kok
Nanti-Glo 'naenti'glo
Nantucket naen'tAkit ('Nan^tucket

nail nel [nailed neld

Nain 'ncm, nen

nainsook 'nensuk, 'naensuk

ES naean,
-JV; ES -/laCr,

Nairn nern, naern, nern;

neao.

Naomi

-/a(r

nap naep [napped naept

'neajmai, ne'omai, -mi,

Naismith 'nesmiO

Napa

naive na'iv jnaivete no/iv'te, na'ivte

Napanee

naked 'nekid,

nape nep, naep

[full

'nemua(r; (Fr na'my:r)

Nansemond 'naensimand

= naive

-shire -fir,

ES

nankeen, -kin naen'km

'neda(r

naiad 'neaed, 'naiaed, -ad

'nemur;

na'si)

nag naeg [nagged naegd

Nagasaki ^naega'saki, ^naga^saki
Nahant na'haent; E+na'hant, na'hant
Nahuatl 'nawatl |Nahuatlan 'nawatlan
Nahum 'neam, 'nehAm

E+nean;

'nemli

namesake 'nem^sek

'neka(r

naif na'if |naifs na'ifs

'air)

old fash, 'nekid

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytfa^;

ES

'fstJa

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision

'coast)

-ma

'naepa
'naepajni

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

Visan [Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

'em

tai

'kipin

Naperviile

Nauvod

292

ES

Naperviile 'nepa^^vil;

Naseby

'nepa-

'nezbi

napery 'nepari, 'nepri

Nash(e) nae/

Naphtali

Nashua

naphtha

'naeftajlai

naphthene
naphthol

Napier

Nassau US
Nast naest

'np-, -GdI, -6d1, -6al

'nepia', 'nepja^, na'pir;

ES

'naeso,

nasturtium

'nepi'3(r,

'nepJ3(r, na'piaCr

Napierville

+ 'naej"3jwe

Nasmyth 'nesnuO

'naefOajlin, 'naep-

'naefOin, 'naep-

'naefflol,

'nae/iz

Nashville 'nae/vil; S-i-'naeJvI

'naepOa, 'naefOa

naphthalene

|-'s

'naejua, ^oc.

Germany 'nasac

nae'styjam,

ES

na-;

-'sts/-,

-'styf-

ES

-pja^-;

'nepia'jVil,

nasty

'nepi-a-,

'naesti; E-i-'nasti, 'nasti

natal 'netl

-PJ3-

S Afr

napkin 'naepkin |napkined 'naepkind

Natal

Naples 'neplz

Natalie

napoleon,

N-

-iz

|-'s

nD^poljan, na'poban

Napoleonic najpoli'anik;

Braz na'tal

na'tael,

'naetli,

'netb {Fr nata'li)

natant 'netnt |natation ne'te/an

ES + -'Dnik

natatorial ^neta'torial, -'tar-; S -'tor-

Nappanee 'naepa^ni, ^naepa'ni

Narbonne nar'ban; ES na:'ban, -'bon; {Fr

natatorium (neta'toriam,

-'tar-;

S -'tor-;

ES

narcism 'nar^sizam;

ES

Natches

'na:s-

'naetjiz |Natches' 'naet/iz

'nar^sizam

Natchitoches 'naekijtaj

ES

Nathan

narcissism nar'siSjizam;

na'siS/izam

ES na:'s-; |-sus' -sas

ES na:'kosis
narcotic nar'katik; ES na:'katik, -'kotik
narcoticism nar'katdjsizam; ES na'kat-,

'neflan

|-iel

j-'s

-iz

na'Oaenjal

Narcissus nar'sisas;

natheless, -thless arch. 'neObs, 'naeObs

narcosis nar'kosis;

Natick 'netik
nation 'nejan |-hood -jhud
national 'naejanl, 'naejnal |-ism -jizam

-'kot-

ES

nard nard;

ES

'na:k-

nationalistic jnae/anl'istik, -Jnal- |-al -1 |-ally

na:d

-b, -ikb

ES 'na:gES nszaz; |-'s

nationality jnae/an'aelati

narghile, -gile 'nargab, -Je;

Nares nerz, naerz;

neaz,

nationalize 'naejanljaiz, -Jnal-

-iz

Narragansett jnaera'gaensit

nativity ne'tivati, na-

narrate nae'ret, 'naeret

Natrona na'trona

|-d -id

narration nae're/an [narrative 'naerativ

natty

narrow

natural 'naetjaral, 'naetjral

'naero, 'naera |-ed -d |-ing 'naerawig

'naerawa^;

narrow-gauge

ES

-W3(r;

|-est

'naeti

naiuraHze 'naetjaraljaiz,

ES

narrowish 'naerawi/

nature

narrow-minded

Naugatuck 'naga^tAk

'naero 'maindid, 'naera- ('nar-

-e,

nasal 'nezl

[-s

|-ist -ist

-iz |-d -d

'netja(r

'nati

'na3ia

-wal 'narhwal, -wal;

ES

nauseous 'nasas, 'nazias, 'nasias, 'na/as

'na:-

Nausicaii na'sikia

nautch nat/ |nautches

nasaUzation jnezla'ze/an, -ai'z|-s

-iz [-d

-d

nautical 'natikl

'nat/iz

|-ly -i

nautilus 'natlas |nautiluses 'natlasiz

'naezbi

Nauvoo na'vu

nascency 'naesnsi nascent 'naesnt

|

See in full 3-47.

'naet/ral-

nauseate 'nasijct, 'nazi-, 'nasi-, 'na/i-

|-ly -i

nasalize 'nezljaiz

[bath baeO;

[-ly -i

nausea 'nasa, 'nazia, Wsia, 'najia, 'na/a,

'na:8-; |-es -iz

Narvaez Sp nar'Jia-eO
Narvik 'narvik; ES 'na:vik
narwhal,

'netja^;

naught nat |naughty

row-^minded 'hate)

ES

-iz ]-d -d

naturalism 'naetjaraljizam, 'naet/ral-

'naerawist

'naero 'geds, 'naera-

narthex 'narOeks;

|-s

native 'netiv

naris 'neris \pl nares 'neriz

Key:

|-ist

-ist |-ly -I

narcotism 'narkajtizsm;

Nasby

-z

natatory 'netajtori, -jtan; S -^ton

nar'bb'n)

narceine, -in 'narsi,in, -in;

|-er

]-s

|-ria -ria

bee bi [pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

far

'prti
|

\6)

Irate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

watch wat/, wot/ (12) Ijaw dsa

Igorge gards |go go


Navaho

Nemean

293

Navaho,

necrology ne'kraladsi; ES+-'krDl-

-jo 'naevajho

naval 'nevl

necromancer 'nEkra^maansa^; ES

|-ly -i

Navarino jnaeva'rmo

ES

Navarre na'var;
nave nev

naVaiCr,

E + -'va:(r

necrosis nE'krosis |-croses -'krosiz

ES

nectar 'nekta^;

Navesink 'naevajSigk, 'neva-,

Wva-

navigability ^nievaga'bilati

nee ne

need nid

navigate 'naevajget

-t^;

|-d -id |-tor

'nekta(r; |-ed -d |-ous -as

nectarine 'nektajrin, jnekta'tin

navigable 'naevagabj |-bly -bli

ES

-taCr

|-ed -id |-ful -fal

needle 'nidi |-d -d

-fully -fab

j-ful -^ful |-fuls -^fulz

navigation jnaeva'gefan

needle-point 'nidl^paint |-ed -id

navvy 'naevi
navy 'nevi
nawab na'wab, naVab
nay ne

needlewoman

Nazareth

'naezaraO, -ri6, 'naezr-

'nidnt,

Nazi

ne'er nEr;

'natsi, 'naetsi |-ism -jizam {Ger 'na:tsi:)

Nazimova na'zimo^va

ES

-'aenda-; {Ger

ES

nEa(r

ne'er-do-well 'nErdujwel;

ES + -'piol-

negative 'negativ

ni3(r, S+nJE3(r, nji3(r, neaCr

S + 'njea-,

'njia-,

nearsighted 'nir'saitid;

ES

'ma-, S + 'njea-,

'njia-, 'n3-

neat nit |neated 'nitid

|-d -id |-tion

neglect ni'glekt |-ed -id

{Fr

/nEgli'5e

|-ful -fal [-fully -fall

negli'se)

('negli^gee

'wear)
|-gent -d3ant

negligence 'nEgladjans [-cy

-i

negligible 'nsgladsabl |-bly

-bb

ES

negotiable ni'go/iabl, -'gc/a-

-ihad, -^hs^d

negotiate ni'gojijet

neb neb nebbed nebd

negotiation nijgcji'ejan

Nebo

negress 'nigris

'nibo

Nebraska na'braeska |-n -n

Nebuchadnezzar jnebjakad'neza', ^neba-; ES
-'nza(r; |-drezzar -'reza^;
|-s

-z |-lae

ES

-jli

-'rEza(r

|-lous -las

negro,

N-

|-d -id |-tor -a^;

Negroid 'nigraid

Negros

PI

'negros

Negus, n- 'nigas

-iz

neigh ne [neighed ned

^nia'tnaia

neighbor 'neba^;

'neba(r;

|-ed

-d [-ing

Neilson 'nilsn
neither

-ti

neck nek [necked nekt

|-s

ES

'nebrig, 'nebarig [-hood -^hud

necessitate na'sesa^tet j-d -id ]-tous -tas ]-ty

neckerchief 'neka^t/if;

-iz

|-'s

|-'s

Nehemiah

'ssrali

-a(r

|-es -iz

necessarily 'nesajserab, esp. if emph. ^nesa-

necessary 'nEsajseri

ES

'nigro, esp. S 'nigro, 'nigra

nebulosity jnebja'lasati; ES+-'1ds-

'ni'Sa^,

much

less freq. 'naiSa^;

ES

-(5a(r

Nell nEl [Nellie 'neb [Nelly 'neb

ES

Nelson 'nelsn

'nekatjif

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytfa-;

|-ville -iVil;

S+-vl

nematode 'nemajtod

-iz |-d -t

Nemean

necktie 'nskjtai
[full

ni'gejan

-d |-vism -jizam

|-d

neat's-foot 'nits^fut

necklace 'nekbs

'nEadu^wEl

negotiabihty nijgo/ia'bilati, -igcja-

nitS

neatherd 'nitjhyd;

nebula 'nebjala

'neadujwil

Negaunee ni'gani
negligee

'nea-; ('near-^by 'town)

ES
ES

-'faer-, -'fer-

negate 'niget, ni'get

neap nip neaped nipt

'nia-,

+ ^nidn

is not in

'nina

nefarious ni'lsnas,

ne'andatjta:!)

Neapolitan jnia'podstn;

conns.

The pron. 'nidant

ne'er-do-weel 'nErdu^wil;

Neanderthal m'aenda^jtol;

-^wsk, -^wyk

general use.

Neenah

ES

|-men

-^wu-

some

before

('nidn 'ba'Sa')

Nazarite 'naeza^rait

near-by 'nir'bai;

ES

needlework 'nidl^wyk;
needn't

jnaeza'rin ('Naza^rene 'Gospel)

'neath niO,

'nidl^wuman,

-jWimin, -an

Nazarene

ES

|-es -iz

ES + -krDp-

necropsy 'nskrapsi;

navel 'nevl

near nir;

-sa(r; j-cy -si

ES + -'krDp-;

necropohs nE'krapalis;

{It ^nava'ri:no)

ES

'fstJa

ni'mian, 'nimian

[custom 'kAStam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

[Eden

tai

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Nemesis
Nemesis, n- 'nemasis

Neocene

Newbury

294

Neufchatel ^nju/a'tEl, ^niu-, ^nu- {Fr noeja-

|-eses -a^siz

hz\) ('Neufcha-jtel 'cheese)

'nis/sin

ynio-im'prEjanjizam

neoimpressionism

|-ist

neural 'njural, 'mural, 'nural

neuralgia nju'raeld3a,

-ISt

neolith 'niaJiO j-ths -Os

neologism nrala^dsizam;

ES + -'d1-;

|-ist -ist

neologistic nijola'dsistik; ES+-jd1-;

[-al -1

neurasthenic jnjuras'Oenik, /luu-, ^nu- l-al-I

|-ally -li,

ES + -'d1-

neology ni'ttladgi;

mu-, nu-

neurasthenia ^njuras'sima, ;mu-, ^nu-

jnis'lidik

|-ic

-ikh

neuritis nju'raitis,

mu-, numu-, nu-; ES +

neon 'nian, 'nion

neophyte 'm3,fait
Neoplatonism ^nio'pletrijizam

neuron 'njuran, 'mu-, 'nu-, -ron

Neozoic jnia'zo-ik

neuropathic ^njura'paBGik, /mu-, ^nu-

neurologist nju'raladsist,
-'rnl-; |-gy -A^i

Nepal, -paul ni'pal

neuropathist nju'rapaGist, mu-, nu-;

'nefju, -ju, -lu,

nephritic ne^fritik

much

less freq.

'ncv-

neurosis nju'rosis,

nepotism 'nepajtizam

neurotic

-h, -ikli

|-ally

-tjiun, -tjun

mu-, nu- -roses -'roslz

mu-, nu-; ES-f- -'rot-;

nju'ratik,

Nereid, n- 'mriid

Neustria 'njustria, 'nm-, 'nu-

Nerissa na'risa, ne-

neuter

Nero

neutral 'njutral, 'mu-, 'nu-

'niro, 'luro

ES

nerve nyv;

nsv, n^v; |-d -d |-vous -as

-nes

only -nis is given in the vocab.,

many

understood that

E b' S)

is to be

speakers (fewer in the

also pron. -nas,

When

sinus.

it

is

When

occasional in reeding style or rime.

riming slyness with

in -n or -n, two

(thinness 'Oinnis, fineness

ness 'sAdnnis)

'f

neutralize 'njutral^aiz, 'mu-, 'nu-

Nevada

Mo

state na'vaeda,

cities,

co. loc.

ES

'n2va(r

never 'neva^;

Nevis 'nvis,

new nju, mu, nu

Newark 'njua^k, 'mu-,

'nestaCr
-'tar-;

-ark;

-'tor-

New

net net netted 'netid

1

nether

'netia^;

Netherlander

ES

ES

-bnda^;

'ne'Sa^Jaenda',

Netherlands 'netfa-landz, -nz;

ES 'neSaES 'ne'Sa-

nethermost 'netSa^jmost, -mast;

|-n - n; la,

ES

ES

/neva'moaCr,

jueva-

Bern

'nivis

|-'s

-iz

ES

'nu-;

-ak;

Del+

-a:k

ES -ban
ES -ban

'njuba^n, 'mu-, 'nu-;

'njuba^n, 'mu-, 'nu-;

Newberry, -bery 'nju,beri, 'mu-, 'nu-. -ban

newborn 'nju'bam, 'mu-, 'nu-; ES - baan;
('new /born 'lamb)

Newburgh 'njubyg, 'mu-,

ES

-bsg.

-ban

|-port

'nu-;

-byg

Nettie 'neti

Newbury

netting 'netig
nettle 'netl |-d -d |-hng 'netlig, 'netlig

network 'netjwyk;
in full

Ibath baeG;

ES

Newbern

'ng'SaCr

'nE33,laend3(r, -l3nd3(r

Key: See

l-d-d

Neville 'nevl, -vil

nestling n 'nestlig, 'nesliij

ES

-iz

-'veda

nevertheless ;n8va'tJa'les;

Nevin 'nevin

'nesta^;

|-s

m-, -'vada

Ark

nest nest nested 'nestid

Nestorian nts'tonan,

/HU-,

neutron 'njutran, 'mu-, 'nu-, -tron

nestle 'nsl j-d -d |-hng 'neslig, ^neslig

Nestor

^mu-.

jnjutrala'ze/an,

-ai'z-

amnis, sudden-

cf -less.

|-ly -i

are pronounced

n sounds

-ta(r

mu-, nu-

nevermore /Ueva^'mor, -'mar;

E+-'maa(r

-ness is added to words ending

-n

|-n

ES

'mu-, 'nu-;

neutralization

The pron.

not normal to conversation hut

is

'njuta^,

neutrality nju'traelati,

ness nes |nesses 'nesis

-ness unstressed ending -nis, -nas.

ES +

-'rop-; |-thy -Gi

ne plus ultra 'nipUsUltra

Neptune 'nept/un,

-I

neuropsychosis jnjurosai'kosis, /mu-, nu-

-^raitis

|-al -1 |-tis

-ron
l-al

-h, -ikh

l-ally

nepenthe ni'pEnOi

nephew

|-ronc

ES

3^7.

bee bi |pity
|far

-bri-;

ES

-/poat, E-i- -/paat

('Newbury& jNewbury'port)

-jwsk, -^w^k

baG (10) |ah a

'nju/beri, 'nm-, 'nu-,

-/Port, -jpart,

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'asg-gn

far |watch watj,

wotj

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards |go go

-jkasl;

E+'^kasl,

'njujkaesl, 'niu-, 'nu-;

Newcastle

Engd

England nju'iggland, niu-, nu('new-

^nu-

^niu-,

^njufand'laend, jniu-, ^nu-.

'de, 'neks 'flor)

nexus 'neksas

|-es -iz

Ney ne

ES

'nez'pys;

-'pss, -'pys;

j-s

Niagara nai'aegra, -gara ('Ni^agara

'Falls)

nibble 'nibl |-d -d |-ling 'mblig, 'nib jig

Nibelung 'nibl^ug

|-enlied -an^lid {Ger

niu-, nu-;

Nicaea nai'sia

|-n

ES

-'kena(r

Nicaragua ,nika'ragwa, -'ragwa

niu-, nu-, -/ir;

mu-, nu-,

loc.+

-'hevm

|-n

-n

nice nais |-ty 'naisati

Nice nis

-J3(r, -JiaCr

nju'hevan,

-jlit)

-n

Nicanor ni'kena', nai-;

Newgate 'njugit, -get

New Hampshire nju'haempXa^,

j-'s

-iz

Nicene nai'sin ('NijCene 'Creed)

niche nitj [niches 'nitjiz niched mtft
|

New Jersey

nju'dja^zi, niu-, nu-;

ES

-'dsszi.

Nicholas 'niklas, 'niklas

Nichols 'mklz

-'dsyzi

N-

mk

l-'s

j-'s

-iz

-iz j-lson 'niklsn

mkt

new-laid 'nju'led, 'niu-, 'nu- ('new-jlaid 'egg)

nick,

Newman

nickel 'nikl |-ed -d |-ing 'nikjig, 'mklig

'njuman,

Newmarket
-jma:kit,

New

'niu-, 'nu-

'njujuiarkit,

Orleans molasses.

Newport
-jpoat,

'nju^port,

is

^njua^'linz

regular

is

New

in

Cf Orleans.
'niu-,

'nu-,

ES

nicotine 'nikajtin, -tin

newsprint 'njuz^print, 'muz-, 'nuz-

nifty 'nifti

|-tin -tin

Niemeyer 'nimaia^; ES -mai-a(r

NiemoUer Ger 'nimoelar
Nietzsche 'nit/a
Nigel 'naidsal

'muz-, 'nuz-

Niger 'naidsa^,

newsstand 'njuz,staend, 'muz-, 'nuz-

Nigeria nai'dsiria

newt

niggard 'mga^d;

njut, niut, nut

'njutn, 'mu-, 'nu- |-town -jtaun

Newtonian nju'toman, mu-, nuful [tooth tue [further 'fySa^;

-iz

Niemen 'niman {Pol 'njeman)

newssheet 'njuzjit, 'nju3-, 'mu-, 'nu-

[full

|-'s

Nicolay 'mkljC
niece nis [nieces 'nisiz

Newton

('Nickel-

nickname 'nik^nem [-named -^nemd

Nicodemus jmka'dimas |-'s -iz
Nicolas 'mklas, 'niklas

-jpart;

E + -jp33t

'njuzjril,

-id

nicknack 'mk^naek

news njuz, muz, nuz |-boy -jb3i

New Salem nju'sebm, niu-, nu-; Mass loc.
'New jSalem (cf Salem, Mass)
newspaper 'njuzjpepa^, 'njus-, 'niu-, 'nu-; ES
-jpep3(r; |-man -^maen |-men -jmn
newsreel

|-d

Nickleby 'niklbi

ES

nu-;

niu-,

-'aalianz; TAe older pron.

uncommon, and

'nikl'plet

jplate 'Railjroad)

'njunan, 'niu-, 'nunju'Drlianz,

|nicked

nickelodeon ^mkl'odian
nickel-plate

nju'meksajko, niu-, nu-

Orleans

not

ES

'nu-;

'niu-,

E+-/ma:kit

New Mexico
Newnan

-iz

niblick, -ic 'mblik |-cked -t

-d3(r

ES

('New jYork 'City)

Zealand nju'ziland, mu-, nunext nskst, before some conss.+n^s ('neks

bnd, niu-, nuNewfoundlander nju'faundlanda^,

New Haven

-jiaz,

nib nib nibbed nibd

'njufandbnd, 'niu-, 'nu-; dog nju'faund-

ES

ES

-'iv

{Fr neper 'se |-ces -'se)

-fangled 'whims)
isl.

'njuj'irz, 'niu-, 'nu-;

New

Nez Perce

newel, Newell 'njual, 'niual, 'nual

Newfoundland

Year's

New York nju'jark, mu-, nu-, nu-; ES -'joak;

'niu-, 'nu-

newcomer 'njujkAma', 'niu-, 'nu-; ES -m3(r;

acct new 'comer
Newcomerstown 'njukAma'Zjtaun, 'niu-, 'nu-;
ES -kAmazNewdigate 'njudigit, 'nni-, 'nu-, -jget

newfangled jnju'faeogld,

New

S+-/iE3z; |Day -jde jEve

nju'kasl

loc.

Newcomb, -mbe, -me 'njuksm,

newcome 'nju^kAm, 'niu-, 'nu-

New

nigger

295

Newcastle

nigger 'niga^;

'naiga^;

ES

|-n

ES

ES

-dsaCr, -ga(r

-n

'nigad; [-ly

-li

'mga(r; [-ed -d [-ing 'nigarig.

'nigrig

ES

'fstSa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipxp

noblesse oblige

296

niggle
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

o are often pronounced with d in

nigh nai |nighed naid

Ninus 'nainas |-'s -iz

Niobe 'naiabi, -jbi
niobium nai'obiam
Niobrara ^naia'brera,

night nait |-ed -id |-cap -^kaep [-capped -jkaept

nip nip nipped

nightdress 'nait^dres

nip-and-tuck 'mpan'tAk, 'mpm'tAk

'nigliij, 'niglig

niggle 'nigl |-d -d |-ling

ES

niggler 'mgla^;

'nigbCr

niggling n 'niglig

[-es -iz

nightgown 'nait^gaun

nipper 'mpa^;

|-ed -d

'naitn^gel, ^naitm-, 'naitig-

nightjar 'naitjdsar;

ES

-jd3a:(r,

E + -jd3a:(r

-jraaer;

-jiR3(r,

ES

'mpa(r; |-ed -d

-'pon, 'mpan, -pnn

Nipponese ^nipan'Iz
ny-,

Nma-

ny'vaena, mr-, -'vana;

ES

ns-.

nisi 'naisai [nisi prius -'praias

-jmae3(r; |-d -d

Nismes nim

nightshade 'nait^/ed

ES

nightshirt 'nait^Jyt;

-iJst, -iJs't; [-ed -id

nighttime 'nait^taim

nightward 'naitwa^d;

nit nit
niter, -tre 'naita^;

ES

nightwalker 'nait^waka^;

ES

ES

'naita(r; |-(e)d -d

niton 'naitan, -ton

-jwakaCr

'naitwad

night-watch 'nait^wat/, -jwotj, -iWatJ

nitrate
|-es -iz

night-watchman 'naitVatJman, -'wot/-.

|-men -man ('night- ^watchman
-'wDtJ-

'naitret, -trit

nitrate v 'naitret j-d -id |-tion nai'tre/an

nitric 'naitnk j-trid -trid j-tride -traid, -trid

nitrify 'naitra^fai [-iied -^faid

nitrite 'naitrait

'Jones)

nitrobacteria jnaitrobaek'tina

nihil 'naihil

nihilism 'naialjizam

nil

Nippon m'pan,
nirvana,

nightlong 'naitjbg, -ilng; S + -/lag

nightmare 'nait^mer,

Nike

ES

nipple 'nipl |-d -d |-ling 'niplig, 'niplig

nighthawk 'nait^hak

N-

-'braera, -'brera

mpt

Nipissing 'mpa,sig

nightfall 'nait^fal

nightingale,

and S

nitrocellulose jnaitro'seljajos

|-ist -ist

nitrogen 'naitradsan, -dsin |-ate -jet |-ated

'naiki

ml

-jetid

Nile nail |Niles nailz |Niles's 'nailziz

nitrogenous nai'tradsanas

Nilotic nai'latik

nitroglycerin jnaitra'glisrin, -sarin j-ine -rin,

Nilus 'naibs

|-'s

nimble 'nimbi

|-d

nimbus 'nimbas

-sa^rin

-iz

-d |-ling 'nimblig, 'nimblig

j-es -iz |-bi

-bai |-ed

nine

nitwit 'nitjWit

-t

Nimes nim
Nimrod 'mmrad
Nina /em. name 'naina; goddess 'nina
nincompoop 'ninkam^pup, jninkam'pup,
kam-

nitrous 'naitras

nix niks nixes 'mksiz

|

Nizam

no no |noes noz |noed nod

-ig-

Noah

'noa

nob nab [nobbed nabd [nobby 'nabi

Nobel no'bel ('No^bel 'prize)

nam

ninefold cdj, adv 'nain'fold ('nine^fold 'gain)

nobility no'bilati

ninepence 'nainpans

noble 'nobl

|-s

|-ie -i

nai'zaem, ni-, -'zam

-iz

ninepenny 'nain^pem, -pom

ninepins 'nain^pinz

'nobla^;

ES

Nobleboro 'nobl^byo,

-a;

[-r

-bla(r; |-st 'noblist

ES

-ibsr-, -jbAr-,

-,b3^-

nineteen nain'tin, 'nain'tin ('ninc/teen 'years)

nobleman 'noblman [-men -man

ninety 'nainti

noble-minded 'nobl'maindid ('noble-jminded

|-tieth

'naintiiO

Nineveh 'ninava
ninny 'mm

|-vite -^vait

ninth nainO [-ths -Gs

See in full 3^7.

[bath basG;

-i6s

'man)

i-fold -'fold

Key:

|-tieths

noblesse no'bks
noblesse

oblige

no'bkso'blis

{Fr

nablesa-

'bU:5)

bee bi jpity 'piti (6) [rate ret jyet jet [sang saeg [angr>- 'aeg-gri
baO (10) [ah a [far far jwatch watj, wot/ (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards jgo go

noblewoman
Those words below in which the a sound

noblewoman

'nobl^wuman,

is spelt

|-men

-^wu-

-jWimin, -an

-'pjer-;

|-s

^nana'pirans;

nociassociation jnosiajsosi'ejan, -iSofi-

nonassessable ^nana'sesabl

nonattendance ^nana'tendans

noctambulation jnaktaembja'lefan, nakjtaem-

nonbeliever ^nanbaliva^;

noctambulism nak'taembjajlizam

nonbelligerent ^nanba'lidsarant

nocturnal nak'tynl;

ES

|-list -list

-'tsn-, -'tyn- |-ly -i

nocturne 'nakts'n, nak'tyn;

ES

-sn, -s^n

nocuous 'nakjuas

-d j-ling

Wdlig,

'nadlig

ES

-va(r

nonce nans
nonchalance

'nan/alans,

jnanja'lans

ES

nodular 'nadgala^;

noncom nan'kam
nomcombatant nan'kambatant, -'kAmnoncommissioned jnanka'mijand
noncommittal jnanka'mitl |-ly -i

'nadsalaCr

nodule 'nadsul

name 'noal; 'Christmas'

nag jnogged nagd

no'el

noncompliance jnankam'plaians |-s -iz

non compos mentis 'nanikampas'mntis

noggin 'nagrn

nonconditioned jnankan'dijand

nohow 'nojhau

nonconductive ^nankan'dAktiv

|-tor -ta^;

nonconformance jnankan'farmans; ES -'faamnonconformist jnankan'farmist; ES -'faam-

noise naiz [noises 'naiziz [noised naizd

noisome 'naisam
Noll nal

noncontemporary ^nankan 'tempa ^reri

noncontraband ntm'kantrajbaend

nolle prosequi 'nali'prasi;kwai

non-co-operation ^nankojOpaVe/an

nolo contendere 'nolokan'tendajri

non-co-operative jnanko'apa,retiv

nol-pros jnal'prcs

noncorroding jnanka'rodig

Nokomis no'komis

|-'s

-iz

|-ses -iz |-sed -t

nondelivery jnandi'livari,

'nomasd, 'namaed |-ism -^izam

nomadic no'maedik |-al -1 |-ally

nombles 'nAmbIz=numbles

nom

de plume

-li, -ikli

nondescript 'nandi^skript

nondramatic ^nandr a 'maetik

none 'ninth hour' non nones nonz

none 'not any' nAn
|

Nome nom
nomenclature 'noman^kletja^;

ES

-^kletj'a(r

nonesuch 'nAn^sAtJ

|-ly -i

nominate adj 'namanit

nominate v 'namajnet |-d -id

nonentity nan'entati
nonessential jnana'snj'al

nc'raenklafJaCr is chiefly Brit.

|-es -iz

nonexistence ^nanig'zistans |-tent -tant

|-tion

^nama-

nonexplosive ^nanik'splosiv
nonfactual nan'faekt/ual

'ne/an

nominative 'nama^netiv, gram. + 'namanativ.

nonfeasance nan'fizns

-mnanominee inama'ni
nomology no'tnaladji

nonfiction nan'fik/an

nonflammable nan'flaemabl
nonfulfillment jnanful'filmant

|-gist -dsist

nonacceptance ,nanak'sptans, -ik-

nonhuman nan'hjuman,

nonage 'nanids, 'nomds

nonagenarian jnanadja'nerian, ;nona-, -'ner-

nonillion

|full

|-rosive -'rosiv

-'livri

nondivisible jnanda'vizabl

'namdajplum, -jplium {Fr

noda'plym)

nominal 'namanl

ES

-ta(r

noil nail |-age -idg

nomad

{Fr

noncombustible ^nankam'bAstabl

node nod |noded 'nodid

pers.

-iz

noncollapsible ^nanka'la^psabl

nodal 'nodi |-dality no'daelati

Noel

|-s

-bl'iva';

nqfa'la:s) |-nt -nt (Fr -'15)

nod nad nodded 'nadid

nog, nogg

S+-'pr-,

-iz

nock nak nocked nakt

|-d

and S

nonalcoholic ^nanaelka'halik, -'hnl-, -'hal-

'nojbadi, ^no\}\Ai, 'nobadi

noddle 'nadl

o are often pronounced with n in

nonaggression jnana'gre/an

nonappearance

nobly 'nobb

nobody

nonimmune

297

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fytfa';

ES

-'hiu-

no 'nil j an

nonimmune jnani'mjun, -'miun

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

normal

298

nonindustrial
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

o are often pronounced with n in

and S

nonindustrial jnanin'dAstrial

nonresidential jncmrEza'dEnfal

noninflammable jnanin'flaemabl

nonresistance jncmn'zistans |-tant -tant

noninjurious jnanm'dsurias

nonintercourse

nonrestricted jnann'striktid

nan'mta^^kors,

ES

-jkDrs;

nonreturnable

E+-jk33s

-'intajkoas,

ES

inonn'tynabl;

noninterference jnanmta^'firans;

ES

-mta-,

nonrigid nan'ndsid

ES

-inta-

nonsectarian jnansek'terian, -'tenan

-eating

nonsense 'nansens

S+-'fr-

nonrustable ncin'rAstabl

nonintervention jnaninta^Ven/an;

nonin toxicant

^nanm'taksakant

nonsensical non'sensikl [-ally

-iketig

nonjoinder nan'dsamda^;

ES

-li,

-ikh

non sequitur nan'stkwita^; ES -'skwita(r

-'dsamdaCr

nonjuror nan'dgura^, -'d3iur3^; ES -r3(r

nonmember nan'memba^; ES -'memba(r

nonsharing nan'Jerig,

nonmetal nan'metl |-talic ^nanma'taelik

nonmoral nan'maral, -'mar-, -'mnr-

nonsmoker nan'smoka^; ES -'smoka(r

nonnegotiable ^nanni'gojiabl, -'goja-

nonstarter

nonobservance

jnanab'zs^vans;

ES

-'zsv-.

ES

non'starta^;

ES

nonstriker nan'straika';

nonpareil ^nanpa'tel ('nonpajreil 'type)

ES

nonparticipation jnanpa^jtisa'pejan;

-zan non'partazn;

ES

nonsupport ^nansa'port,

'flight)

-'straika(r

-'part;

ES

nonsustaining jnansa'stenig

-'pa:t-.

nonsyllabic jnansi'laebik

nonpaying nan'pe-io [-payment -'pemant

nonperformance ^nanpa^'farmans; ES -pa-

nontaxable nan'taeksabl
nontheatrical jnanei'aetrikl

nonthinking nan'Gigkig

'faamnonperiodical jnanpiri'adikl

nonpermanent nan'pymanant;
-'pym-

ES

-'psm-.

nonunion nan'junjan ('non-union 'shop)

nonvoter nan'vota';
noodle 'nudl

nonperpendicular ^nanpypan'dikjala^, -pypm-p3pan'dikjala(r, -pspm-, -py-

nonphysical nan'fizikl

|-d

ES

-'vota(r

-d |-ling 'nudlig, 'nudlig

nook nuk |nooked nukt |-ery -an, -ri

noon nun |nooned nund |-day -jde [-tide
no-one 'no/WAn, 'nowan

|-es -iz |-ed -t

nonpoetic ^nanpo'etik

noose nus nooses 'nusiz [noosed nust

nonpoisonous nan'paiznas, -znas

Nootka 'nutka

nonpolitical jnanpa'htikl

no-par 'no'par;

nonproducer jnanpra'djusa',

-'diu-, -'du-;

ES

ES

-'pa:(r,

E + -'pa:(r;

ES

ES na(r; stressed

nonprofessional ,nanpra'fe/anl, -/nal

Nora, -h 'nora, 'nara; S 'nora

Nordic 'nardik;

non-Protestant nan'pratastant

Nordica 'nardika;

nonreality jnanri'aelati

Norfolk

ES

'narfak;

'naadik; |-icism -da^sizam

ES 'naadika
ES 'naafak; Mass

norm narm; ES naam

nonreligious jnanri'lidsas

Norma

nonresidence nan'rezadans |-dent -dant

normal, N- 'narmj;

bee bi |pity

baO (10) jah a

[far

'piti

loc.

'narfak, 'naafak

nonrefillable jnanri'filabj

'nar, juar;

'naa(r, jnaa(r

nonprofit nan'prafit

nonrecoverable jnann'kAvrabl, -'kAvarabl

('no-

npar 'stock)

nor usual form na^;

-sa(r

nonproductive ^nanpra'dAktiv

See in full 3-47.

-jtaid

l-time -;taim

nonplus nan'plAs, 'nanplAs

[bath baeO;

-'poat,

Eh-'paat

-pa-

E+-'pa:t-

Key:

E+

-'sta:ta(r,

nonsuit nan'sut, -'siut, -'sjut, 'naii/S- |-ed -id

-pa'tis-

ES

-'/aer-

-'start-

nonstop 'nan'stap ('non-stop

nonparticipant ^nanpa^'tisapant;

nonstainable nan'stenabl

-'zyv-; |-ant -ant

nonpartisan,

-'/aer-;

nonskid 'nan'skid ('non-skid 'tread)

nonofficial /nana'fijal |-ly -i

ES

-'tsn-.

-'ts^n-

'narma;

ES 'naama
ES 'naaml;

[-ly -i

|-cj'-

-si

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gri

far jwatch watj,

wot/

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gardg [go go

normality nar'maebti;

ES

ES

-ai'z-;

ES

'noam-;

Norman 'narman; ES 'noaman;

Norn nam; ES naan
Norridgewock
-jwok

'narid3iWak,

|-s

-iz |-d -d

'nnr-,

Norse nars; ES naas; |-man -man |-men -man

N-

ES

narO;

naaO; |-ed

naG'aelatan

Northampton narO'haemptan, nar'Oaem-; ES

naa-; ]-shire

-jjir, -/a^;

ES

ES

-aa-,

Northants short for Northamptonshire narO'haents, nar'Oaents;

ES

ES

-la:na,

In

-ka^'laina,

-ka-;

jnaaOkaera-,

-kaea'la:na

loc.+

jnarOkaUaina ka^

becomes ka by dissimilation {121).

Northcliffe 'narOklif;

ES

ES

'nartn;

northeast,

N-

ES

^naaG-

;naa0-; ('north-

naut.+nor^ist

-a(r; |-ern -a^n;

ES

-di-;

ES

jnarG'ist;

'wind)

|-er

-a^;

ES

|-er -a^;

ES

-a(r j-ern

'naatn

Norwalk 'narwak; ES 'naawak

ES

'narwe;

'naa we

Norwegian nar'widsan; ES naaNorwich US 'narwitj; ES 'naa-;

Engd

-iz

|-'s

nose noz noses 'noziz nosed nozd |-sy

]

-i

|-ed -id

nosebleed 'noz,blid

nosegay 'noZ;ge
nosepiece 'noz^pis

|-s

-iz

nosology no'saladgi; ES+-'sol-;

|-gist -dsist
|-gic

-dsik

nostril 'nastral, 'nos-, 'nas-, -tril

'nos-, 'nas-

not stressed 'nat, ^nat; ES-h-ot; unstressed,

rarely -nat
-t,

-n

cannot

|-n't enclitic -nt, -nt,

see aren't, doesn't, can't, etc.

nota bene 'nota'bini

-an

northeastward ^narO'istwa^d;

ES

^naaG'istwad;

notabihty jnota'bilati
notable 'no tab! |-bly -bli

-z

ES

norther 'narSa^;

'naa'Sa(r;

-n

|-n

|-ly

-li

N-

northerner,

'naatJanaCr;

'narSa^na^,

In

'narUana';

'nar'Sana' a results

by dissimilation {121)

ES

from

a^

this is less freq. in

northern 'narSan.

northernmost

notarial no'tErial, -'taer-, -'ter- |-ly

notary 'notan

-most -^most

|-ied

notation no'te/an

notch natj; ES+nntJ";

|-es -iz |-ed -t

note not |noted 'notid |-book -jbuk; \NEngd +

-mast;

ES

noteworthy 'notjWytSi;

ES

-jWstJi, -^ws^di

nothing 'nAGig

Northfield 'narG^fild;

northing 'narGig,

ES 'naaGES 'naa-

notice 'notis

|-s

-iz |-d -t

noticeable 'notisabl |-bly -bli

-'8ig;

N- 'narGland, -Jaend
Northman 'narGman; ES 'naaG-; |-men -man

notification jnotafa'kejan

Northop

notion 'no/an |-ed -d

northland,

see

Northport

-i

-d

nat {46)

'narSa^n^most,

'naafjan-

Northrup

'narG^port, -jpart;

E+-jpaat
Northrup, -rop 'narGrap, -Gap;
pron. 'narGap

is

due

to

ES

'naaGjpoat,

notify 'nota;fai |-fied -jfaid

notochord 'nota,kard;

j-al -1 |-ally -li

ES

-jkaad

notoriety jnota'raiati

ES

'naaG-; Tlie

r-dissimilation {121).

Northumberland narGVmba'land; ES naG'Ambaland

|full

-z

jnaram'biga, jnar-, ^nor-

nostrum 'nastram,

-kot

naa'w-;

|-s

^naaG-; naut.+

nostalgia na'staeldgia, nn-, -dsa

'naaG-; |-cote -kat,

North Dakota jnarGda'kota,

ES

nose-dive 'noz^daiv |-dived -^daivd

naa-

North CaroHna jnarOkaera'lama,

-kalaina;

'naaGwad;

-an

noseband 'nozjbaend

-3(r

|-s

ES

jnarG'wEst;

'narids, 'nar-, 'nor-

-,fi3{T, -/a(r

Northanger 'nar6and33', nar'Saegga^;

jeast

ES

-a^n;

Norway

-t

ES

Northallerton narO'aela^tan;

N-

Norumbega

-iz

|-'s

Northrup

ES

nar'w-;

'nar-,

Norton

Norris 'nans, 'nar-, 'nor-

see

northward 'narGwa^d;
northwest,

|-dy -di

naG'Am-;

-n

|-n

Northup

jn33mnormalize 'nDtmljaiz;

ES

narGUmbria;

Northumbria

no'maelati

jnarmla'ze/an,

normalization

north,

Nottaway

299

normality

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fatJa

notorious no'torias, -'tar-; S -'tor-

Notre

Dame US

^nota^'dem;

ES

^nota'dem;

Paris ,notra'dam {Fr natra'dam)

Nottaway 'nata;we; ES + 'not|custom 'kAStam |while hwail |how hau |toy

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij |vision 'visan |Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl |keep

tai

'em 'kipm

Nottingham

US 'natig,haBm, Engd

Nottingham

ES + 'not-;

numerology

300

-shire

'natigam;

ES

-JV;

-i/ir,

-jji3(r,

nub nAb |nubbed UAbd |nubbin 'nAbm

nubble 'uAbl

Nubia

-/3(r

Notts short for Nottinghamshire nats

nnts
notwithstanding

ES +

jnatwiO'staendig,

[-d

-d |-bly -bli

'njubia, 'niu-, 'nu- |-n -n

nubile 'njubl, 'niu-, 'nu-, -bil

nuclear 'njukha^, 'niu-, 'nu-;

-witJ-

ES + ,nDt-

nuclei 'njukb^ai, 'niu-, 'nu-

noun naun

nuclein 'njukbin, 'niu-, 'nu-

nucleic nju'kluk, niu-, nu-

|-al -j |-ally -li

ES

nourish 'nyi/;

'nsrij, 'hat-, 'ny-; |-es -iz

nous nus, naus

-la(r

-Jetid

nouveau riche Fr nuvc'rij"

nova 'nova novas 'novaz novae
|

Nova Scotia 'nova'skoja |-n

Nova Zambia 'nova'zembla

nucleolus nju'klialas, niu-, nu'novi

-iz

|-es

|-li

-jlai

nucleus

-n

'njukbas,

'niu-,

'nu-

-iz

|-es

|-lei

-hjai

novel 'navl jnovelly 'navji, 'navli;

ES + 'nnv-;

nude njud, mud, nud

|-d -id [-ism

-izam

|-ist

-ist

|-ist -ist

ES + ,nDVES + 'nov-; ]-s -iz |-d

novelty 'navlti; ES + 'novNovember no'vamba^; ES noVEmbaCr

nudge UAds nudges 'uAdsiz nudged nAdsd

novelette jnavl'Et;
novelize 'navljaiz;

novena no Vina

|-s

-d

nudity 'njudati, 'niu-, 'nu-

nugatory 'njugajtori,

-jtari;

number 'more niimV 'uAina^; ES 'nAma(r

number 'count' 'nAmbs'; ES 'nAmba(r; j-ed

-d

'niu-,

'nu-,

-jtori

nugget 'uAgit

-z |-nae -ni

Novgorod 'navgajrad; ES + 'nnvgajrud

nuisance 'njusns, 'niu-, 'nu-

No vial

null nAl nulled nAld

'no vial, jnovi'al

j-s

-iz

ES + 'nov-;

novice 'navis;

null

-iz

|-s

and void 'nAlan'vaid

novitiate, novici- no'vijiit, -^et

nullification jUAlafa'keJan

Novocain,

nullify 'nAla^fai j-fied -jfaid

'novajken

-e

now nau |-adays 'naua^dez,

noway 'nojwe |-ways -jwez

'nau^dez

-ihwa(r
nowhither 'no^hwi^a^;

ES

nullity 'uAlati

numb nAm numbed nAmd

|

nowhere 'no^hwEr, -jhwaer;

-jhwa(r,

ES

-jhwitJa(r

|-ing

noxious 'nakjas;

Noyes naiz

|-'s

nozzle 'nazl;

ES + 'nok-

-iz

ES + 'nozl;

'nAmbrig, 'nAmbarig

numbest 'nAmist
numbles 'nAmblz
numbly 'uAmh

nowise 'no^waiz

|-d

-d |-ling

-zliij,

-zlig

numbskull 'nAiu^skAl
|-ery -sxi |-ism

abbrev.

spelling

auxiliaries

-nt,

of unstressed not after

-nt,

-n,

doesn't, can't; see these

-t,

as in don't,

and similar com-

nth enG
n-tuple 'entupl, -tjupl, en'tupl, -'tiu-, -'tju1-d -d |-Hng -phg, -phg
nu Gk letter nu, nju, niu
nuance nju'ans, niu-, nu-, 'njuans,
|-s

-IZ |-d -t

{Fr nq5:s)

See in full 3-47.

Ibath baeO;

numerable

|-ed -d |-edness -idnis

-skAl,izam

'njumarabl,

-bb
numeral 'njumral,

'niu-,

'niu-, 'nu-,

-mra-

|-tor -3^;

ES

-maral

'niu-,

'nu-

|-d

-id

-a(r

jUiu-, ^nu-

numerical nju'iuErikl, niu-, nu-

numerology

|-ly -i

'niu-, 'nu-, -^ret

numeration jnjuma'reXan,
'niu-,

'nu-,

l-bly

numerate adj 'njumarit,

numerate v 'njumaifet,

binations in the vocab.

Key:

ES

nucleolar nju'kliala^, niu-, nu-;

nucleolate adj nju'klialit, niu-, nu-, -Jet |-d

l-ed -t

'nu-

-kli'a(r

nucleate v 'njukh;et, 'niu-, 'nu- ]-d -id

nougat 'nugat, 'nuga

nought not

-n't

ES

nucleate adj 'njukhit, 'niu-, 'nu-, -^et

jujuma'raladsi,

|-ly -i, -ikli

iniu-,

juu-;

ES+-'d1-

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gn
bae (10) |ah a |far far |watch wat/, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa |gorge g3rd3 |go go

numerous
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

-maras

numerous
Numidia nju^midia, mu-, nu- |-n -n
numismatic jnjumiz'maetik, iniu-, ^nu-, -mis'njumras, 'niu-, 'nu-,

l-al -1 1-ally -li,

-an

o are often pronounced with d in

'nstJaCr, 'nytJaCr; j-d -d

'niu-, 'nu-

nutcracker 'nAtjkraeka^;

ES

Nuthall, Nuttall 'nAtal,

Engd

nuthatch

Nutley

|-es -iz

-jkraeka(r

'uAtli

nutmeg 'nAtm2g

nuncio 'nAnJi^o

nutrient 'njutriant, 'niu-, 'nu-

|-ged -d |-gy -i

nutriment 'njutramant,

nuncle 'nAgkl

'nAtl

'nAtjhaetJ' |-es -iz

nuncheon 'nAnt/an

'niu-, 'nu-

nutrition nju'trijan, niu-, nu- |-tious -Jas

nAn'kjupativ,

'nAnkjujpetiv,

and S

nutation nju'tejan, niu-, nu-

|-ism -skAljizam

nuncupative

'nas-, 'nys-

nut nAt [nutted 'nAtid

nutant 'njutnt,

nun nAn |nunned nAnd

Nun Bible hah
Nunc Dimittis ^nAgkdi'mitis

ES

nurture 'nytja^;

|-edness -idnis

|-ed -d

ES

nursling, nursel- 'nyslig;

-ikh

numskull 'nAm^skAl
|-ery

obese

301

nutritive 'njutritiv, 'niu-, 'nu-

-'kiu-

Nuneaton nAn'itri
nunnery 'nAnari
nuptial Wp/al, 'nAptJal |-s -z |-ed -d
Nuremberg 'njuram^byg, 'niu-, 'nu-; ES
-ibsg, -ibyg; {Ger Nurnberg 'nymberk)

ES

nurse nys;

nss, nys;

|-s

nutshell 'uAt^Jel |-ed -d

Nuttall 'uAtal,

'uAtl

nux vomica 'uAks'vamika

nuzzle 'nAzI |-d -d j-hng 'nAzkij, 'nAzIig

Nyack 'naiaek
Nyanza nai'aenza, niNyasa nai'aesa, ni- |-land

-iz |-d -t

ES 'nss^gsl, 'nys^gyl
nursemaid 'nys^med; ES 'nss-, 'nysnursery 'nysri, 'nysari; ES 'nas-, 'nys-;
nursegirl 'nys^gyl;

|-ied -d -maid -;med

nurseryman 'nysriman, 'nysari-; ES
'nys-; -men -man

Engd

nutty 'uAti

Nye

-jlaend

nai

nylon 'nailan, -on

Nymnim

'nas-,

nymph

nimf, nimpf

|-al -1 [-ic

-ik j-ical -ikl

O
0,

letter

o'

\pl O's,

oath o6 [oath's o6s [oaths

Os, pass O's oz

intj

prep unstressed form of on a

fo'

nights

Oban 'oban

a'naits) or of of (o'clock a'klak)

oaf of

j-'s

-s loafs ofs or

oaves ovz

obbligato jobb'gato

Oahu o'ahu

obduracy 'abdjarasi, -djuobdurate 'abdjarit, -dju-, -daobeah, 0- 'obia [obeahed 'obiad

oak ok [oaken 'okan

Oakes oks |-'s -iz
Oakland 'okland
oakum 'okam
oar or, ar;

ES

oa(r,

Obed
E+aa(r;

|-ed -d [-lock

ES

'oaz-,

E + 'aaz-;

[-house

obelus 'ablas

j-es -iz

Oberammergau

oasis o'esis, 'oasis [oases -siz

-jhaus

[-houses

-^hauziz

oat ot oaten 'otn j-cake -jkek [-meal -jmil

1

[full

-i |-ent

-ant

obeisance o'besns, -'bisns [-sant -snt

obelisk 'abj^isk

'arz-;

|-men -man
est

'obid, 'obtd

obedience a'bidians [-cy

-M
oarsman 'orzman,

oast

otSz

Oaxaca wa'haka i^Am Sp wa'haka)

Obadiah joba'daia

ful jtooth tue [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fs'Sa

[-li

'abl^ai

^oba^'aema^/gau, -'am-;

ES

-majgau
Oberon 'obajran, 'obaran
obese o'bis

[-sity o'bisati,

o'bss-

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vi5an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

obey
Those words below in which the a sound

obey

Oceana

302
is s

it

o are often pronounced with d in

and S

obsequious ab'sikwias

a'be, o'be |-ed -d

obfuscate ab'fAsket, ab-, 'abfasjket

obsequy 'absikwi

j-d -id

observable

obfuscation jabfAs'keJan, ^abfasobiter dictum 'abita^'diktam, 'ob-;

ES

-ta-

l-bly

obituary a'bit/ujeri, o-

observance cb'zyvans}

object n 'abdsikt

ES

ab'zyvabi;

-'zsv-,

-Wv-;

-bh

ES

-Wv-; [-s
ES -zaES ab'zava-

-'z3V-,

-IZ ]-ant -ant |-vation ^abza^'vejan;

observatory ab'zyva,ton, -jtan;

object V ab'dsEkt |-jected -'dsektid

objectify ab'dsekta^fai |-fied -jfaid

jtori,

objection 3b'd38kX3n |-able -abl, -/nabl |-bly

-'zyv-, E+-/tari

ES

observe ab'z^v;

-'z3v, -'zs^v; |-d -d |-dly

-idb

-bh
ab'dsektiv

objective

&

('subjective

'ob-

obsess ab'ses

|-es -iz ]-ed -t |-ion

obsolescence jobsa'lEsns |-scent -snt

objectivity jobdjek'tivati

objector ab'dsekta^;

ES

obsolete 'absajlit

-'dsektaCr

objurgate 'abdsa^^get, ab'dsyget;

ES

'abdsa-,

obstacle 'abstakl, 'abstikl

obstetric ab'stetrik

ab'dssg-, -'ds^g-; |-d -id

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

oblate n, adj 'ablet, ab'let

obstetrician jabsts'trijan

oblate V ab'let |-lated -'letid

obstinacy 'abstanasi |-nate -nit

oblation ab'le/an, ab-

oblatory 'abla/tori,

-,t3ri;

obstreperous ab'strtparas, abS

obstruct ab'strAkt |-ed -id |-ion -'strAkJan

-jtori

obligate 'abb^get |-d -id j-tion jobb'gefan

obtain ab'ten j-ed -d |-able -abl

obtrude ab'trud, -'triud

obligate jobk'gato

obligatory

-'sE/an

obsidian ab'sidian

ijective)

a'bhgajtori,

'abbga-,

-jtari;

obtuse ab'tus,

-,tori

oblige a'blaids

|-s

obligee ^abh'dsi (jobli'gee

obligor 'oblijgDr;

ES

&

ES

'abvss, -vys

ES -3S, -ys
ES abVst, -Vyt; |-ed -id

obverse adj abVys, 'abvys;

jobli'gor)

obvert abVs^t;

-jg33(r; see above

oblique a'blik |obliqued a'bllkt

-'tius, -'tjus

obverse n 'abvys;

-iz |-d -d j-dly -idli

|-d -id

obtrusion ab'trusan, -'triusan |-sive -siv

a'blaikz^

o.f.

obviate 'abvi/ct |-d -id j-tion jabvi'e/an

obvious 'abvias

or military.

obliquity a'bbkwati

ocarina ^akaVina

obliterate a'blitajret |-rated -^retid

Occam 'akam

obliteration a^bhtaVeJan

occasion a'ke3an |-ed -d

oblivion a'blivian |-ous -as

occasional a'kejanl, -'kesnal

oblong 'abbg, -log; S+-lag

Occident 'aksadant

obloquy 'ablakwi

occidental joksa'dEntl

obnoxious ab'nakjas, ab-

occidentalize ,aksa'dntjjaiz

oboe 'obo, 'obai

occipital ak'sipatl |-ly -i

obol 'abl

occiput 'aksijpAt, 'aksapat |-pita ak'sipita

obolus 'abjas

|-ly -i

|-ly -i

|-ism -,izam
|-s

-iz |-d -d

occlude a'klud, -'khud |-d -id -elusion -3an

|-es -iz |-li 'abj^ai

Obrdlik C^ecli scholar bba'djlik;

ES bbad-

occult a'kAlt |-ed -id ('ocjcult 'science)

obscene ab'sin, ab- ('objscene 'mind)

occupation jakAl'teJan, -kal-

obsceneness ab'sinnis

occupancy 'akjapansi |-pant -pant

obscenity ab'senati, -'sinati

occupation jokja'pejan

obscurant ab'skjurant, -'skiur- ]-ism -jizam

occupy 'akjajpai

obscuration jabskjuVeJan, -skiu-

occur a'ky;

obscure

ab'skjur,

-'skiur;

ES

-'skjua(r,

Oceana

obscurity ab'skjurati, -'skiurati

Key:

See in full 3~47.

Ibath basG;

bee bi |pity

ba6 (10) |ah a

[far

'piti

|-pied -^paid

a'k3(r, a'ky; |-red -d

occurrence a'kyans;

ocean 'ojan

-'skiua(r; j-d -d |-dly -idh

ES

ES

wot/

|}"et

a'ksr-, a'kAr-, a'ky-

jo/i'aenik |Oceanica -'aenika

o'siana, jo/i'ena,

(6) |rate ret

far |watch watj,

|-ic

Mich

jo/i'aena

jet |sang saeg |angr\- 'aeg-gri

(12) |ja\v dsa |gorge gards |go go

Oceania
Those words below in which the a sound

Oceania

offprint

303
is spelt

odor

Oceanid o'sianid lOceano jo/i'ano

oceanography ^o/ian'agrafi, jojan-, -'og-

Oceanus o'sianas

ES

'oda^;

ES

'oda(r; |-ous -as

'Od's bodikins, odsb- 'adz'badikinz

Odysseus o'disjus, o'disias

ocelot 'osajat, 'asa-, -lat

ocher, ochre 'oka^;

'okaCr; |-(e)d -d |-ing

'okarig, 'okrig

Odyssey 'adasi
oecumenic /Ekju'mgnik

ochroid 'okraid

oedema Tdima

Ockham 'aksm

Oedipus 'edapas

Oeneus 'in jus

Oenone I'noni

o'clock a'klak

Ocmulgee ok'mAlgi

traditional cr loc. pron.

ES

octachord 'akta^kord;

-jkaad

o'er or, ar;

octad 'aktaed

ES

E+aa(r

oa(r,

ES

'ssted, 'ys-

octagon 'akt3jgan, -gan

oesophagus i'safagas
oestrous 'estras,

ES

oestrus 'estras,

-'taemataCr

octane 'akten

'is-

'is- |-es

-iz

of stressed 'av, ^av, 'dv, jDV, 'av, jAv; unstr.

octangle 'aktaeggl |-gular ak'taeggjala^;

ES

av, before conss.+9 (<5a 'led a 'kol), or after

vowels

-3(r

octaroon jokta'run

+V

(tJi

ai'dia v jSaet)

off af, Df

octave 'aktev, 'aktiv

offal 'af}, 'ofl, 'afl

Octavia ak'tevia |-vius -s

|-vius's -siz

off

octavo ak'tevo

and on

'afan'an, 'of-, -'on, -'an

offcast 'af'kaest, 'of-;

octennial ak'tenial

ES

October ak'toba^;

E+-'kast, -'kast;

&

off-color

'sesjtet)

ES

'of-;

'af'kAla^,

-'kAla(r;

Offenbach 'afan^bak,

octogenarian jaktadsa'nenan, -'ner-

offend a'f8nd offended a'fsndid

octogenary ak'tadsa^nEri

offense, -ce a'fens

octopus 'aktapas

offensive a'fensiv

octoroon jakta'run

offertory

-'tiu-, -'tju- |-d

Odd

Od, 'Od,

-d

ES

|-ling

-tjupl,

inij ad,

od

ak'tupl,

-fajtori,

j-'s

Oddfellow,

|-s

-z [-ity -ati

Odd

'afa'^tori,

'of-,

'af-,

'of- ('off-hand

-z

officeholder 'afis^holda^, 'of-, 'af-;

officer 'afasa', 'of-, 'af-;

|-ment -mant

official a'fijal |-ly -i

Fellow 'ad^fElo, 'od-, -a

ES

'way)

office 'afis, 'of is, 'afis |-s -iz |-d -t

ES

ES

-a(r

-fasa(r

|-dom -dam

officiant a'fijiant

ode od

officiary a'fiJijEri

Oder 'oda^; ES
Odessa o'desa
Odin 'odin

'oda(r

officiate a'fiJiiCt |-ated -^etid

officinal a'fisinl

officious a'fi/as

odious 'odias |odium 'odiam

offing 'afig, 'ofig

Odoacer jodo'esa^; ES -'esa(r

odometer o'damata'; ES o'damata(r

offprint 'afjprint, 'of- j-ed -id

]full

-d |-ing

-jtari;

j-list -list

odalisque, -sk 'odl^isk

odd ad, nd

-fa(r; |-ed

E+-itari

offhand 'af'haend,

-phg, -plig

'akjala(r;

ES

-fang, -frig

octroi 'aktrai (Fr b'k'trwa)

'aktupl,

{Ger 'afan^bax)

-iz ('ajfensn'dijfens)

|-s

offer 'afa-, 'of a', 'afa^;

octosyllable 'akta,silabl |-bic ^aktasi'laebik

ocular 'akjala^;

'of-, 'af-

|-es -iz j-pi -jpai

('off-

jColor 'story)

-'tobaCr

octodecimo jakto'des3jmo

adj,

('off-

jcast 'clothes)

|-ly -i

octet, -tte ak'tet ('ocjtet

octuple n,

-idgai

|-es -iz |-gi

'is-

oestrum 'estram,

octahedral jokta'hidral

|-tous -tas

-iz

octagonal ak'taeganl

|-ly -i

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

-iz

|-'s

|-'s

|-eus' -jus, -las

-mata -mata

\pl

oersted 'ysted;

octameter ak'tasmata';

and S

odoriferous joda'rifaras, -fras

-iz

j-'s

o are often pronounced with d in

odontology jodan'taladsi, ^ad-

jo/i^aenia, -'an-, -'en-

ful
I

tooth tuG further

I

'fytia^;

ES

offish 'afij, 'nfil

'fsSa

custom 'kAstam while hwail |how hau |toy tai

'em 'kipin
|

[using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish di/ |vision 'visan |Eden 'idn jcradle 'kredl |keep


off scouring

304

offscouring bfjskaurig, 'ofoffset

oldwife 'oldjwaif

offshoot bf Jut, 'd-

old-world

'of-,

ES

-'Jar;

E+

-lfo3(r.

oleander

-'/33(r

-times -jtaimz

-tana^,

-fna',

-tna^;

ES

oleomargarine,

Ogden 'agdan, 'ogdan, bgdan

much

ogee o'dsi, 'odsi

-'ma:-

-d

Ogilby 'oglbi jOgilvy,

ES

-'aestaCr

'ohm

-'morg-;

less freq.

olfactory al'faektan, -'faektn;

ogle 'ogl |ogled 'ogld |-ling 'oghg, 'oglig

Olga

'agpu, 'ogpu,

ogre 'oga^;

ES

-jOarp;

ES

intj

o'ho

-^kbe

|-ths

-Sz,

-Gs--see

cloth

Oligocene 'abgo^sln; ES-h'nlolivary 'alajven;

olive,

ES + 'd1-

0- 'ahv; ES-t-'nUv

ES

'alava(r, 'd1-

ES + 'd1-

Olivia o'livia, o'hvja

oUa

'ala; ES + 'ola; [ollae -K

ES + 'nla; \pl oUas -iaz (Sp

'oXa,

ES + 'd1-;

(Sp

word

'ala;

'oXas)

oilskin 'ailjskin

olla-podrida

oilstone 'ail^ston

ointment 'aintmant
Oireachtas 'eraxtas

'alapa'drida;

'o/Capo'tSriSa)
j-'s

Olmsted 'amsted, 'nm-, 'Am-, -stid

Olney US 'aim, 'nlni, Engd 'olm, loc. 'om

-iz

Ojibway, -wa o'dsibwe

'o'ke

j-'s

-'kez

[-'d

-'ked[- 'ing

-'ke-ig

okapi o'kapi

ES + 'd1Olympia o'limpia, -pja [-n -n |-piad -pi,aBd

Olympic o'limpik |-pus -pas [-pus's -pasiz

ology 'aladsi;

okra 'okra

Omaha 'omajba, 'omajha

Omar 'oma^, 'omar; ES 'oma(r, 'oma:(r
omber, -bre 'amba^; ES 'amba(r, 'om-

Olaf

omega, 0- o'mega, o'miga, 'omiga

Okeechobee

joki'tjobi, -bi

Oklahoma jokla'homa

[-n

-n

'olaf, 'olaf

old old [olden 'oldn [oldened 'oldnd

omelet, -tte 'ambt, 'amabt; ES-i-'om-

Oldcastle 'oldjkjesl; E4--jkasl, -jkasl

omen

'old'f^/and,

old-fashioned

ioned

'ol'f-

('old-,fash-

'oma(r
'o-;

ES + 'omijlunon

omissible o'misabi [-bly -bli

'old'medi/, 'ol'm- ('old-jmaidish

omission

o'mi/an

Commission

and

'com-

jmission)

'air)

Key:

ES

ominous 'amanas; ES + 'um-

'ol'f-

'oldara

old-maidish

'omin, 'oman

omer, 0- 'oma^;

omicron 'ami^kran,

'girl)

old-fogyish, -gey- 'old'fogii/,

Oldham

-i

-'ga:k-, jul-

olio 'olijo

olla

OK

ES+d1-

'ah^gark, 'dIi-; [-y

ES

Olivet 'ala;Vt, 'alavit;

oilproof biFpruf |-ed -t (bil^proof 'paint)

O.K.,

ES

oligarchic ^ali'garkik;

Oliver 'alava^;

bil^klaO,

E+

'alga, 'olga

oUgarch 'ahjgark;
- grrj

'og3(r; [-ish, -grish -garij,

oil ail [oiled aild [oily bili j-less billis

oilcloth

-rin,

-'ma:-,

ohbanum o'libanam

-jOaap

bgpu

oh o |oh's, ohs oz |ohed od johing 'o-ig

O'Hara o'haera, o'hara
Ohio o'haio [Ohioan o'haiawan see -ow
ohm, 0- cm |-age -ids l-ages -idsiz
oho

ES

oleoresin jobo'rezn, -'rezin

-ie 'ogjvi

Ogleby 'oglbi [Oglethorpe

[oleo 'objO

joha'mardsajrin,

-in

ogive 'odsaiv, o'dsaiv |-d -d

Ogpu

('ole^ander

'olivet, 'obit

oleic o'liik, 'obik [olein

ag, Dg, og

j-d

-da(r;

olefin 'olaf in [-fine -fin, -jfin

-n3(r; |-nest -nist

Og

-'wald, -'wyld

ES

^oli'aenda^;

oleaster joh'aesta^;

oleate

'of-,

'oWwyld; ES

'leaf)

often bfan, bftan, 'of- -times -jtaimz

oftener bfana^,

-sta(r

-jwaifs [-wives -^waivz

oleaginous ^oli'aedsanas

offspring bf^sprio, 'ofoft aft, nft

|-'s

old-womanish 'old'wumanij, -'wum-

offset V of'set, of- [-setting -'setig

bf'/or,

ES

oldster 'oldsta-, 'ols-;

'of , set, 'of-

offshore

omission

See in full 3^7.

[bath baeG;

bee bi [pity

baO (10) [ah a

[far

'piti

(6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angr}^ '^g-gri

far jwatch wat/,

wotj (12) [jaw d^o

[gorge gards [go go

onto

omissive o'misiv

omit oWit, a'mit |omitted -'mitid

omnibus 'amnajbAs, 'amnabas; ES + 'om-;
|-es -iz

omnifarious

jamna'ferias,

-'fer-;

-'faer-,

omnific am'nifik;

lef.

ES+nmES+om-;

omnipotence am'nipatans;

|-ent

hej.

conss.

ontogeny an'tadsani; ES+nn'tods-;

ontology an'taladsi; ES+on'tol-

[-ist -ist

onus 'onas |onuses 'onasiz

-z

oogenesis joa'dsenasis
oolite 'oajlait |oolitic joa'htik

-ant

omnipresence jamiu'prezns;

ES + ^mn-;

j-nt

oology o'aladsi;

omniscience am'ni/ans;

omnium gatherum

ES+nm-;

1-ent -ant

ES +

'amniam'gae'Saram;

'nmomnivorous am'nivaras, -'nivras; ES+omon an, on, an an is commonest in S and W.

ES

onager 'anadsa^;

'anad3a(r, 'nn-; \pl -s -z

onanism 'onanjizam |-ist -ist

once wAns
oncoming ^an^kAmig, ^nn-, 'anondometer an'damata^; ES an'damata(r.
wn'dDm-

VAn, jWAn;

unstr.

ES

one-horse 'wAn^hars;

wan

|-s

-z

'wAn'haas; ('one-

-dsist

oomiak 'umi,aek
oosperm 'oajspa^m; ES 'oa,sp3m, -jspym
oosphere
oospore

ES

'oa^sfir;

'oajSpor,

'oajsfia(r,

S+-jsfa(r

ES

-iSpar;

'oa,spoa(r.

E-i--iSpaa(r

ooze uz |oozes 'uziz |oozed uzd joozy 'uzi

opal 'opl jopahne

Ky

'opljin

opaHne adj 'oplin, 'opljain

opaque o'pek, a'pek
ope op |oped opt
open 'opan, 'opm j-ed -d
'opnig; NEngd+^'6p- (46)
-'aer;

openhanded

O'Neill o'nil

-'a(r,

joni'anta;

ES + -'Dnta

ES

-'aea(r

-'aiidli, -'aidb

('open-handed

'opan'haendid

'giver)

ES

openhearted 'opan'hartid;

oneness 'wAnnis

'opanig.

|-ing

open-eyed 'opan'aid |-eyedly

o'nida

one-legged 'wAn'legid, -gd ('one-jlegged 'man)

onerous 'anaras;

opalescence jopl'tsris |opalescent jOpl'esnt

open-air 'opan'er,

-horse 'shay)

Oneida o'naida,

NY

|-gist

'ulng, 'ulag

opacity o'pcesati

l-gri -,grai

stressed

ES + -'d1-;

0- 'ubg,

oolong,

-nt

Oneonta

pause ^antu, 'on-, 'an-;

-ta; bef. vow. -tu, -ta

onward 'anwa'd, 'on-, 'an-; ES -wad; |-s

onyx 'aniks, 'oniks; ES-t-'on-; |-es -iz

ES + jom-

one

operative

305

omissive

-'ha:tid,

E+

'ha:tid

ES -'ha:6, E-h-taiO
open-minded 'opan'mamdid ('open-^minded

ES + 'nn-

open-hearth 'opan'hare;

oneself wAn'self, wAnz'self,

wan-

one-sided 'wAn'saidid ('one-iSided 'view)

'man)

onion 'Anjan, 'Anjin

openmouthed 'opan'mautJd, -Gt

openness 'opanms
openwork 'opan^wyk; ES 'opan^wak, -jwyk

Onions 'Anjanz

opera 'apara, 'apra;

ES + 'op-

operable

'apra-;

one-step 'wAn,step |one-stepped 'wAn^stept

one-way 'wAn'we ('one-jway

j-'s

'traffic)

-iz

onionskin 'Anjan^skin, 'Anjin-

onlooker 'anjuka^, 'on-, 'an-;

only

'onli;

NEngd + ^'inh

onomatapoeia

ES

-jluka(r

o^namata-;

ES+'np-;

bouffe

'apara'buf,

'apra-;

op^ra comique Fr apera-ka'mlk

Onondaga jonan'daga, -'daga; ES + jon-

operatic

'an- |-es -iz

operate 'apa,ret;

ES + 'np-; 1-d -id

ES + jOp-;

japa'raetik;

operation jOpa're/an;

onslaught

operative

'an^slat, 'on-, 'an-

Ifull

-'ter-;

ES-i-nn-

ful Itooth tue [further 'fySa^;

|-ally

-li.

-ikli

onset 'anjset, 'on-, 'an-

Ontarian an'terian,

ES + 'np-;

{Fr apera'buf)

ES-i-iOn-, OjnDm-; |-poeic -'piik

onomatapoetic jonajmaetapo'Etik; ES-j-^nn-

onrush 'an^rAj, 'nn-,

|-bly

-bh
opera

{46)

jonajmaeta'pia,

'aparabl,

|-io -liO

ES

'apaiietiv,

ES + jOp'aparatrv,

'aprativ;

ES + 'np-

'fsSa [custom 'kAStam [while hwail [how

lusing 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiu |dish di/ [vision 'vijan [Eden

'idip

hau

[cradle 'kred} [keep

[toy tai

'em

'kiptft

operator 'apajreta^;

opere citato, op.

ES

cit.

optometer ap'tamata^; ES ap'tamata(r, op-

'apa^retaCr, 'op-

|-trist -trist |-try

ES + jOp-;

|-s

opus 'opas

-z |-te -ti

form ^; ES

or conj, iisual

ophidian o'fidian

ES

|-cy -i |-nt -nt

ES + 'op-

|opera 'apara;

|-es -iz

opuscule o'pAskjul, -kiul

a'filJD, o'filja

'of 3^;

-tn

ES + 'op-;

opulence 'apjalans;

operetta ^apaVeta;

Ophir

'tom-;

'apajri-sai'teto, 'ap'sit;

ES + 'opOphelia

ordinal

306

operator

pr;

'of3(r

ophthalmia afGaelmia, -mja; ES+nf-; [-mic

-mik

or

ES

'aa(r,

ES

'ere' ar;

-or ending -3^;

ES + jofophthalmology ^af Gael'mabdsi ES + jofOael-

a(r; stressed 'or,

pa(r

Da(r

ES

-a(r; iisually not pron. -ar,

-3a(r imless co?itrast is expressed or implied,

ophthalmitis jufOael'maitis;

as 'vendor

ven'di

oracle 'arakl, 'arikj, 'or-, 'or- |-d -d

'mnl-

ophthalmoscope afOaelma^skop; ES+of-

oracular a'raekjala', a'r-, o'r, o'r-;

opiate 'opijCt, 'opiit

oral 'oral, 'aral; S 'oral; |-ly

opine o'pain |opined o'paind

orange 'arinds,

opinion a'pinjan |opinioned a'pinjand

Orangeman 'anndsman,
-man

opium 'opiam, 'opjam

ES

E+

o'poato,

opossum 'pasam, a'pasam; ES + 'pos-, a'pnsOppenheim 'apanjhaim; ES + 'opopponent a'ponant

jopa^'tjun, -'tiun, -'tun;

ES + jop-;

|-nist -ist |-nity -ati j-neness -nis

orangery 'arindsri,

oppose a'poz

|-s

-iz |-d

opposite 'apazit;

orator

-I,

'arata^, 'arata', 'orata^;

ES

orbit 'arbit;

orby

a'presa(r

'arbi;

Orcadian ar'kedian;

optative 'aptativ;

|-al -1 [-ally -li.

-ikh

ES+opES + 'op-

ES + 'op-;

|-mist

-mist
^apta'tnistik;

ES + jop-;

|-al

-1

l-ally -h, -ikli

optimum 'aptamam; ES + 'opoption 'apjan; ES + 'op-; |-d -d

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

-drio
|-al -1 l-ally'-li

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

ES a'kedian
ES 'aasiin
orchard 'artJVd; ES 'aatjad
orchestra 'arkistra; ES 'aakistra
orchestral ar'kestral; ES aa'kestral |-ly -i
orchestrate 'arkis^tret; ES 'aak-; |-d -id
orchestration prkis'trejan; ES pakisorchestrion ar'kestrian; ES a'kestrian
orchid 'arkid; ES 'aakid
orchis 'arkis; ES 'aakis; |-es -iz
orcinol 'arsi^nol, -^nal, -/nol; ES 'aaordain ar'den; ES aa'den; |-ed -d
ordeal ar'dil, -'dial, 'ard-; ES aa'd-, badorder 'ard; ES 'aada(r; [-ed -d |-ing -dang.
orcein 'arsiin;

|-ed -id

ES + 'opES + 'op-; |-s -s

S -^ton

ES aak

oppugn a'pjun, a'piun \-ed -d

oppugnant a'pAgnant
opsonic ap'sanik; ES+op'sonik
opsonin 'apsanin; ES + 'op-

optimistic

-ta(r

ES a'bikjala(r
ES 'aabit; |-bital -bitl
ES 'aabi

ore ark;

'aptajimzam;

ES

aab; |-ed -d, adj poetic -id

opprobrious a'probrias j-brium -briam

optimism

o-

'arajtori, 'ar-, 'or-, -jtari;

orbicular ar'bikjala^;

'aptajini;

'o-,

-ikh

oratory

j-es -iz |-ed -t

optician ap'ti/an;

{Malay

oratorio pra'torio, ^ar-, jor-, -'tar-; S -'tor-

-d

oppression a'prrjan |oppressive a'prtsiv

optic 'aptik;

-jtaeg

oration o're/an, a'rejan; S o're/an

oppress a'prs

opt apt; ES+opt;

-an- |-men

'o-,

oratorical pra'tarikl, ^ara'tar-, jora'tor- |-ly

ES + 'opES + iOp-

ES

|-ade

-ands-

orate 'oret, 'aret, o'ret, a-; S

orb arb;

Key:

'a-,

'a-, 'o-,

opposition jQpa'zi/an;

oppressor a'prssa^;

|-s -iz

'orag'utan)

opposable a'pozabl |-bly -bli

optime

-and3

orangutan, -outang o'raegujtaen,

o'paato

opportune

-la(r

-'ed

opinionated a'pinJ3n,etid |-ative -jCtiv

Oporto o'porto, o'parto;

'ar-, 'or-,

ES

-i

|far

ordinal 'ardnal;

'piti (6)

ES

'aadnal;

|-ly -i

|rate ret |yet jst |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far |watch wa^fj

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

ordinance

orthography

307

ordinance 'ardnans, brdnans;

ES

bad-;

|-s

originate aVidsa^net |-d -id |-tive -iv

orinasal jori'nezj, pr-; S fir-;

-IZ

ordinary brdrijeri, brdneri;

ES

bad-;

|-ily

ES bad-

ES bad-; |-d -id

ES padn'e/an
ordnance brdnans; ES badnans
ordo brdo; ES bade; -dines -di^mz
ordonnance brdanans; ES bad-; {Fr

Orion o'raian

'or-

orison brizn, 'ar-, 'nr-

ordination prdn'efan;

Orizaba

Orkney
b'rda-

ore

Dan

ES jaadaVi/an
ES badsaCr, -djua(r

ES

oa(r,

Oregon brijgan, W-,

'or-

'or-,

Orestes o'rEStiz, a-; S o-;

ES

US

bVle'a), cf

Ormuz

-gan

places

New
ES

ES 'aahanz;
ES aa'I- {Fr

ar'linz;

Orleans

'aalap, -lop

ES

'arniAz;

'aamAz;

ornament n 'arnamant,

j-tes' -tiz

organ brgan; ES bagan

organdy brgandi; ES bagandi
organic ar'gaenik;

most

aa'taendo
'arlianz;

Ormazd, -muzd 'armazd; ES 'aamazd

ormolu 'armajlu; ES 'aamajlu

E+Da(r

oread Wijaed, brijaed; S

-iz

|-'s

'arna^men t;

ornamental pma'mEntl;

aa'gaenik;

|-ally

-li.

ES pan-;

|-ly -I

ornamentation prnamn'te/an, -man -;

ES

pana-

ES baganjizam;

organism brganjzam;

|-ist

ES aa'net
ES 'aanari

ornate ar'net;

ornery 'arnari;

-ISt

ES ^aagES bagan-; j-s -iz |-d -d

organon brga^nan; ES baga^nan, -jnon; j-s -z

ES

pana-,

organization prgana'ze/an, -ai'z-;

ornithology prna'Oaladsi;

organize brgan^aiz;

orogeny a'radsani; ES+a'rodsorography a'ragrafi, a'rogoroide 'oro^aid,

|-gana -gana

organum brganam; ES bag-;

-z |-gana

|-s

ES pads-;

orgiastic prdsi'aestik;

orgy brdsi;

0- n

[-al -1

orient v 'orijEnt, br-; S 'orijent; |-ed -id

oriental jori'entl, pr-; S fit-; |-ism -jizam
-jaiz |-izes -^aiziz |-ized

-as

'aafan; |-ed -d j-age -id3

|-'s - IZ

'arfjus;

'arfik;

orrery 'arari, 'ar-, 'nr-

-jaizd

orientate 'ori8n,tet, jori'entet, br-, pr-; S

orthodontia

orientation jorien'teXan, pr-; S jor-

-amb

bra,flaein,

ES

aa'sino

prOa'danJa,

-fio;

ES

aaOa-,

-'don-

orifice brafis, 'ar-, 'nr-

Origen bradsin, bri^dsen,

orris 'aris, 'aris, 'oris

Orsino ar'sino;

fix-; |-d -id

oriflamme,

j-us'

'ar-, 'ar-, 'nr-

ES 'aaf-;
ES 'aafik
orphrey 'arfri; ES 'aafri; |-ed -d
orpiment 'arpimant; ES 'aaporpine, -pin 'arpin; ES 'aapin
Orpington 'arpigtan; ES 'aapOrphic

'or-

orient adj 'oriant, br-; S 'oriant

|-ist -ist |-ly -I |-ize

ES

'arfan;

Orpheus 'arhas,

'or-

'orajno, 'ar-; S 'or-

orotund 'ora^tAnd,

orphan

Wial

'ori^Ent, br-, -ant;

Orosius a'rosias, -sjas

ES badsi

oriel 'orial, brial;

'ar-;

- 'GdI-

orology o'raladsi, a-; S o-, ES+-'rDl-

Orono

-gana

orgasm brgaezam; ES bagsezam

W-,

ES

'aan-; J-ed -id

-ikli

orient,

{Am Sp

jor-;

'aakni

ES

La, France

orlop 'arlap;

coin sg b' pi 'ora

ES

'arkni;

Orlando ar'laendo;
Orleans

'na:s)

ore or, ar;

pr-;

^ori'sava,

jOri'sa(Ja)

ordure brdsa^, brdjur;

|-ly -i

fit-

-z \gen pri'onis, (Or-, ,or-

|-'s

ordinate v brdn^et;

Ordovician prdaVi/an;

flt-;

oriole 'orijol, br-;

-rah, esp. if emph. prdi'narily

ordinate n, adj brdn^et, brdnit;

Orinoco jora'noko,

W-,

orthodox 'arGajdaks;

'or-

orthoepy

'ar-, 'or-

'aaOa-, -^dnks

l-y-i

ES a'Bo-,
ES paOa-;

'aaGo-

orthographic prGa'graefik;

origin bradsin, 'ar-, 'ororiginal a'ridsanl ]-ly -i

1-al

-1

|-ally -Ii, -ikli

orthography ar'Oagrafi, -'Gog-;

originality ajridsa'naslati

|fuU ful Itooth tuG Ifurther 'fytJa-;

ES

ar'Go-ipi, 'arOO'i/pi;

ES

'fstSa

ES

a^O-

[custom 'kAstam while hwail |how hau [toy

|

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij jvision 'visan |Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl |keep

tai

'em 'kipm

orthopedic

|-s

ES

prBa'pidik;

-paed-

orthopedic,

paGa-;

ES + ^dsES + 'ds-; |-fied -^faid

Ossining 'asiiiug; ES + 'dsOssipee 'asa^pi, -pi; ES + 'ds-; ^oc. + 'aspi
osteal 'astial; ES + 'dsossification /osafa'ke/an;

ossify 'asa,fai;

-s

orthophonic prOs'lanik;

ES

paGa'fan- , -'fon-

orthophosphoric prOafas^forik,

ES

oughtn't

308

-'far-. -'for-;

paOafas-, -fos-

ES

orthopsychiatry prGssai'kaiatri;
orthopter ar'Gapta^;
oryx, 0- 'oriks,
OS 'bone' as;

ES

aaGa-

'or-, 'ar-, 'or- |-es -iz

ES + ds;

ora 'era. 'ara; S

1/)/

Ostend as'tend; ES+ds-

ES+ds-;

|-bly -bli

ostentation iOstan'teJan, -tn-;

ES + ^dsES + ^ds-

ostensible as'tensabl;

ostentatious jastan'te/as, -t8n-;

ossa -a

\pl

ES+ds;

OS 'mouth' as;

39'0apt3(r, -'Gnp-

ES + ^DSti'Dladsi
ES + 'dsosteopathic jastia'paGik; ES + ^ds-; |-ally
osteopathy jasti'apaGi; ES + jOsti'opaGi
ostiary 'asti^eri; ES + 'dsostler 'asla^; ES 'asla(r, 'dsosteology ^asti'aladsi;

osteopath 'astiajpaeG;

'ora

Osage o'seds, 'oseds |-s -iz ('OiSage Drange)

Osaka o'saka {Jap 'orsaka)
'

Osawatomie josa'watami,

^asa-, jDS-, -'wot-.

loc. jOS3-

Osborn,

-e

ES

bzba^n, 'dz-, 'az-;

ostracism 'astra^sizam, 'ds-, 'as-

-ban

Oscan 'askan, 'nskan, bskan

Oscar bska',

'oska^, 'aska^;

ostracize 'astra^saiz, 'ds-, 'as-

ES

ostrich 'astritj, 'ds-, 'as-

-ka(r

ES + jDSES + 'ds-; j-d -id

oscillation ,asl'ejan; ES + ^dsoscillator 'asj^eta^; ES 'asljeta(r, 'ds-

|-s

Osceola /asi'ola;

Ostrogoth 'astrajgaG, 'ostrajgDG

Oswald,

E + -,graf,

-wold

'azwald,

Oswestry 'azwastri,

Osgood 'azgud, 'dz-, 'azO'Shaughnessy o'Janasi

O'Shea o'/e, o'Ji
Oshkosh 'aJkaX; ES+'dJIcdJ

otherwise 'AtJa^jwaiz;

other

otherworldly

ES

'dG-,

otology o'talad3i;

-la(r

'uslu)

-man

j-mious

-mias

ES + -'tDl-;

|-gist

{It 'artranto)

ottava rima a'tava'rima

{It ot'ta:va'ri:ma)

otter 'ata^;

ES

'ata^wa, -^wd;

osmotic az'matik, as-; ES+Dz'mDtik, DSOsmund, 0- 'azmand; ES + 'dz-

'Dta-, -ta jbyn,

due

to

ES + 'dI-

'ata(r, 'Dta(r

Otterburn 'ata^jbyn, 'ataba^n;

ES + 'das-; ES+d-

'as-;

-d3ist

Otranto o'traento, a-, d-

Ottawa 'atawa,

|-mium -miam
osmosis az'mosis,

'o'Sin

otiose 'o/ijos, 'otijos

{Nona 'oslo,
Osman 'azman, 'as-, 'd-, -man

osmose 'azmos,

ES 'Atfa^hwail
ES 'A'Sa^waiz
'AtSa^'ws^ldli; ES 'A'Sa'wsIdli,

Othman 'aOman,

'azlo, 'aslo, 'd-

Osmanli az'maenk, as-, dosmic 'azmik; ES + 'dz-;

'A(5a(r

'ASa'wyldli

Othin

'033 (r; j-ed -d

'osla', 'ozla*, 'as-, 'ds-;

ES

otherwhile 'A'Sa'/hwail;

Osiris o'sairis [Osiris's o'sairisiz

Oslo

'AtSa-;

-wes-

'dz-,

Othello o'Gelo, a'OElo

Osier

'dzwdW,

Oswego as'wigo; ES+ds-

-jgraf

ES 'askjala(r, 'ososculate 'askjajet; ES + 'ds-; j-d -id

osculation jaskja'lejan; ES + jDS-

ES

|-ths -Gs

'azwald,

'azwald

oscular 'askjala^;

osier '033*;

-iz |-d -d

|-e3 -iz

oscillate 'as|,et;

oscillograph a'sila^graef;

ES

'ata^bsn.

-ban; The pron. 'ataba^n

'ato; ES + 'Dto
Ottoman 'ataman, 'ato-; ES + 'ot-

Otto

Ouachita 'wajijta, 'wd/-, 'waj-

Osric 'azrik, 'dz-

ouananiche jwana'iuf, ^wd- {Fr wana'nij)

Ossa 'asa;

ES + 'osa
ES + 'dsosseous 'asias, -jas; ES + 'dsOssian 'ajan, 'asian; ES + 'dOssianic jasi'aenik, tofi-; ES + jD-

oubliette ^ubh'et

ossein 'asiin;

ouch autj louches 'autjiz jouched autjt

ought at [ought to 'attu, 'atta, 'atu, 'ata,

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeG;

is

r-disslmilation {121).

osprey 'aspri, 'ospri, 'aspri

Key:

-li

oughtn't

'atnt,

hef.

som

couss.

+ htn

'attu

('atn-

'dsan ta'go?)

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret [j^et jet |sang sasg langn,' 'teg-gn
baG (10) |ah a |far far [watch wat/, yroij (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

Ouida

outplay

309

ES

Ouida Vida

outer 'auta';

Ouija 'wld33

outface aut'fes |-faces -'fesiz |-faced -'fest

ounce auns jounces 'aunsiz

outfall 'autjfal

Oundle 'aundl
our aur, ar;

ES

outfield

au3(r, a:(r;

ES

ourself aur'stlf, ar-;

|-s

-mast

'aut'fild, 'autjfild

outfit 'autjfit [outfitted 'aut^fitid

-z

aua-, a:-; ]-lves -vz

ES

Oursler 'aurzla', 'auz-, 'az-, 'dz-;

see

'aut3(r; |-most -/most,

-l3(r;

outflank aut'flaegk [outflanked aut'flaegkt

outflow n 'autjflo
outflow V aut'flo [outflowed aut'flod

121

-ous ajy ending, always unstressed -as

outfoot aut'f ut [outfooted aut'futid

Ouse uz

outgeneral aut'dsenaral, -'dsenral [-ed -d

ousel 'uzl

outgo n 'autjgo

ousia u'sia

outgo v aut'go |-went -'w8nt [-gone -'g3n,

oust aust jousted 'austid

-'gon,

much

less freq.

outgoing aut'goig

out aut
out-and-out 'autn'aut ('out-and-iOut

outargue aut'argju;

ES

outgrow aut'gro |-grew

'thief)

E + -'a:g-;

-'a:gju,

-'gan

('outjgoir) 'train)

-'gru,

outgrowth 'aut;groO [-growths -jgroOs

l-d-d
outbalance aut'b^ebns

|-s

outguess aut'gES [-guesses -'gesiz [-ed

-iz |-d -t

outboard 'aut^bord, -^bard;

ES

-jboad,

E+

|-ed -id

outhouse 'autjhaus [-houses -jhauziz

-jbaad

outbound 'aut'baund ('out^bound

outing 'autig

'train)

outbrag aut'braeg -bragged -'braegd

outland n 'autjaend

outbranch aut'braentj; E+-'brantX, -'brantj;

outland adj 'aut,laend, -land

outbrave aut'brev outbraved aut'brevd

'aut^kasst;

-jkast;

outlay n 'aut^le
outlay V aut'le

out'cast

[-laid -'led

outlet 'autjkt

outcaste v aut'kaest; E+-'kast, -'kast; j-d -id

outlier 'autjaia^;

outclass aut'klaes; E+-'klas, -'klas;

outline 'aut^lain [-Uned -Jaind

j-es -iz

ES

-jlai'3(r

outlive aut'liv [-lived -'livd

l-ed -t

outlook n 'autjluk

outcome 'aut^kAm
outcrop n 'aut^krap; ES+-jkrDp
V

aut'krap;

ES + -'krDp;

outlook
|-ped -t

-'daer;

outdistance aut'distans

E
|-s

outdo aut'du |-does -'dAz

ES

-'d3(r,

outdoors

aut'dorz

ES

ES

-V3(r;

-'daeaCr

outmode aut'mod [-moded -'modid

-iz |-d -t

outmost 'aut;most, -mast

j-did -'did |-done

outnumber aut'nAmba^; ES -'nAmba(r;

-d [-ing -brig, -bang

-'dAn

outdoor 'autjdor, -jdor;

aut'luk [-looked -'lukt

[-ed -d [-ring -varig, -vrig

V aut'krai j-cried -'kraid

outdare aut'der,

outlying 'autjlaiig

outmaneuver, -noeu- jautma'nuva';

outcry n 'aut^krai

-jdo3(r,

-'darz;

E + -jd33(r

ES

-'doaz,

E + -'d33Z
outdoors adj 'autjdorz, -jdarz;
outdoors adv 'aut'dorz, -'dorz;

[-ed

out-of-date 'autav'det, 'auta'det

out-of-door

'autav'dor,

-'dar;

ES

-'doa(r,

E-H-'d3a(r

ES

-idoaz,

out-of-the-way 'autatJa'we, 'autavtia'we ('out-

ES

-'doaz,

outpatient 'aut^pejant

E + -jd33Z

of-the-jway 'place)

E + -'d33Z
[full

-3(r

outlaw 'autjb [-lawed -jbd [-lawry -^bri

E+-,kast,

outcaste n 'aot^kasst; E-H-^kast, -^kast

outcry

ES

outlast aut'laest; E-i--'last, -'last; [-ed -id

outbuilding 'aut,bildig

[-er -a^;

outlandish aut'laendij ('outjlandish 'hats)

|-es -IZ |-ed -t

outcast

-t

out-Herod aut'berad ('out-^Herods 'Herod)

outbid aut'bid \past &' pptc -bid -'bid

outcrop

-'gnu [-grown

-'gron

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytSa^;

outplay aut'ple j-played -'pled

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

outpoint

310

overall

outstanding adj 'aut'st^endio

outpoint aut'pomt 1-pointed -'pamtid

outstare

outpost 'autjpost

outpour n 'aut^por,

-jpor;

ES

-jpo3(r,

E+

ES

-'po3(r,

E+

aut'ster,

-'staer;

-'st3(r,

ES

-d

-'stae3(r; |-d

outstation n 'aut^ste/an

-/P33(r

outpour V aut'por,

-'p^r;

outstation v aut'stejan |-ed -d

outstay aut'ste |-stayed -'sted

-'paaCr

output 'autjput

outstretch aut'stretj

outrage 'aut,red3 -rages -jredsiz

|-es -iz |-ed -t

outstrip aut'strip -stripped -'stript

-d

|-d

outrageous autVedgas

outtalk aut'tak [-talked -'takt

outrange aut'rendg -ranges -'rendgiz

|

outrank autVaeok -ranked

|-d

-d

outtell aut'tEl |-told -'told

outtop aut'tap; ES-f-'top; 1-ped

-'raerjkt

ES

outre u'tre ('oUitre 'styles)

outturn n 'aut^tyn;

outreach n

outvote aut'vot |-voted -'votid

'autjritj |outreaches 'aut^ritjiz

outreach v autVitJ"

outward 'autwa^d; ES 'autwad;

j-es -iz |-ed -t

outremer, Outre-Mer jutraWsr;

outrider 'aut^raida';

outrigger 'aut^riga^;

ES

-'mE3(r

ES 'aut^raidaCr
ES 'autjrig3(r

-t

-itsn, -jtyn

|-s

outwear

aut'wer,

-'waer;

-'wa;a(r; |-wore -'wor, -'war;

outright adv 'autVait ('out^right 'lazy)

E-i--'w3a(r;

outrival aut'raivl j-ed -d |-ing -vlig, -vhg

-'woan,

|-worn

-'worn,

-;W8a(r,

ES

-iz

-'warn;

outroot aut'rut, -'rut |-ed -id

outweigh aut'we [-weighed -'wed

outwind

'uncoil'

outwind

'exhaust'

\past -'rasn \pptc -'rAn

-3(r

ES

-'woa(r,

ES

E+-'waan

outrun aut'rAn

ES

|-es

l-ed -t

outright adj 'aut^rait

outrunner aut'rAna^, 'autjtAna^;

-z

outvvatch aut'watj", -'wotj", -'watj

aut'waind [-wound -'waund

aut'wind [-winded -'windid

outsell aut'sel |-sold -'sold

outwit aut'wit [-witted -'witid

outset n 'autjSEt, v aut'set

outwork n 'autjwyk; ES -jwak, -^wyk

outwork aut'wyk; ES -'wak, -'wyk; |-ed -t
or -wrought -'rat
outworn adj 'aut'worn, -'warn; ES -'woan,

outshine aut'/ain -shone -'/on

t;

outshoot n 'aut/Jut

outshoot

V aut'/ut |-shot -'/at;

ES-^-'/ot

E-h-'waan; ('outjworn 'joke)

outside n, adj 'aut'said ('outjside 'door)

outside adv 'aut'said ('outjside

&

'in^side)

ouzel 'uzl

outside prep aut'said

outsider aut'saida^;

outwrite aut'rait [-wrote -'rot [-written -'ntn

ES

ova pi 'ova

aut'said3(r

\sg

ovum 'ovam

outsit aut'sit [outsat aut'saet

oval 'ovl

outsize n 'autjsaiz |-sizes -^saiziz

ovarian o'verian,

outsized adj 'aut'saizd ('outjsized 'pair)

ovary

'ovari,

ovate

'ovet, 'ovit

outskirt 'autjskyt;

ES -jskst, -^skyt
ES -'smart, E + -'sma:t;

outsmart aut'smart;

[-ly -i

ovation o've/an

oven 'Avan

|-ed -id

outsoar aut'sor, -'s3r;

ES

-'so3(r,

E + -'s33(r;

l-ed -d

over
over-

'ova^;

cording

outspeak aut'spik

In

-spoke

-'spok

-spoken

-'spokan

to

'leader)

-jbsd, -^byd

in over- vary in accent ac-

meaning, rhythm, and sense

with jover'liow)

overact 'ova^'aekt [-acted -'asktid

outspokenness aut'spokannis

overage 'surplus' 'ovaridg, 'ovridg

outspread n 'autjspred

overage

outspread v aut'spred

over-all adj 'ova^jal ('over-jall 'width)

outstand aut'staend l-stood -'stud

overall adv jova^'al

Key; See

in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

bee bi [pity

baO (10) [ah a

[far far

'piti

stress.

pound verbs, over = 'excessively' is

have more stress than over = 'above'

(cf 'over'do

outspoken 'aut'spokan ('out^spoken

ES

'ova(r

cot)!

apt to

outspent aut'spent

[-bird -jbs'd;

ES

Compomids

outspan aut'spaen |outspanned aut'spaend

|

-'vser-, -'ver-

'ovn

'too old' 'ova^'edj j-d

[-s

-iz

-'edgid, -'edgd

(6) [rate ret jyet JEt jsang saeg jangry 'asg-gri

[watch wat/, wot/ (12) [jaw dga [gorge gardg [go go

overalls

ES Wa^plz,

overalls 'ova^plz, -jholz;

overanxious 'ova^'aegk/as -'aegj-

'ova^h-

|-iety -aeg-

jova^'o

-bd

]-awed

overdo 'ova^'du;

ES

'ova-; |-ed -t

'ova-; [-does -'dAz [-did

ES

jOV3-;

[-s

-iz

overdose

v 'ova^'dos;

-draught

overdraft,

l-d-t

overbear jOva^'ber,
|-bore

-'baeaCr;

E+-'b33(r;
-'boan,

jOV3%3(r,

ES

-'bar;

-'bor,

-'bo3(r,

ES

-'bam;

-'bom,

ES

E + -'baan

overbearing
'brig,

-'baer;

|-borne

ES

jOva-

v ^ova^'bid;

ES 'ovajbid
ES /Ova-; \past

j-blew -'blu,

iOva-;

ES Wa^boad,

E+-jbaad

'ova-,

ES

'ova^'dra;

[-drew -'dru,

'ova-;

overdue

ES

'ova-; [-es -iz [-ed -t

ES

-'du;

-'diu,

'ova^'dju,

'ova-;

'ova' 'it

[-eaten -'itn

-'at

[-ate

[-eat

dial, past -^zi, cj ate

\pl -ses -^siz

overemphasize 'ova^'emfa/saiz

[-s

-iz |-d -d

overestimate

v 'ova^'estajinet [-d -id

overexcite 'ovarik'sait |-d -id

ES Wa-; (Wer^bold

'ova^'bold;

overexert 'ovarig'zyt;

ES

ES

overbuild 'ova^'bild;

overburden

'ova-; [-built -'bilt

'ova^^bydn;

ES

'ova^'bydn;

ES Wa'bsdn,

'ovajbsdn,

overexpose 'ovarik'spoz
-3a-;

ES

'ova'bydn; [-ed -d

|-ing -dnig,

-dmg

Overbury 'ov3^,bEn, -ban; ES 'ovaoverbuy 'ova^'bai; ES 'ova-; [-bought

overcall n 'ova^^kal; ES 'ova-

ES

overcall v 'ova^'kal;

overflow
overflow

-'bat

ES

'ova^'kerfal,

ES

-'kaer-;

'ova-;

|-s

'ova-

ES

[-s

-iz |-d

ES

'ova-

-d [-sure

'ova-; [-fed -'fed

'ova,flo

,ova-; [-ed -d

overgarment 'ova^jgarmant; ES 'ova,ga:mant,

ES

,ova-; |-ed -id

ES 'ova-; [-s -iz

overglaze v jova^'glez; ES ,ova-; [-s -iz
overgrow 'ova^'gro; ES 'ova-; [-grew
overglaze n 'ova*,glez;

-d

|-d

-'gru,

-'gnu [-grown -'gron

-'kaeafal; |-ly -i

overcast n 'ova^jkaest;

-'zs/-, -'zy/-

E-i-,ga:m-

-IZ |-d -d

overcareful

'ova* 'fid;

overgild ,0V3*'giId;

'ova-; [-ed -d

overcapitalize 'ova^'kaepatljaiz;

'ova*, fid;

ES
n 'ova*,flo; ES
v jOva^'flo; ES

overfeed V

ES

-3a(r

overfeed n, adj

'ova^bydn

overburden

-ed -id

-'z3t, -'zyt

overexertion 'ovarig'zyjan;

'act)

'ova-, E+-jkast,

overhand

adj, adv 'ova^'haend;

ES

'ova-; [-ed

-id ('over,hand 'play)

-jkast

ES

overcast v jova^'kaest;

iOva-, E-i--'kast,

-'kast; in sense 'sew' ace/ + 'over, cast, ptc

adj jover'cast, 'over^cast

overcharge n

'ova^jt/ords;

ES

Wa^tjccdj,

E+-'tJa:d3;

'ova^'tjards;
|-s

-iz [-d

overcloud jova^'klaud;
overcoat 'ova^^kot;

ES

ES

ES

Wa'tjardj,

[-s

overhaul n 'overhauling'

jova-; |-ed -id

jova^'hal;

ES

'ova*,hal;

ES

'fstJa

'ova-

ES 'ovaES 'ovaES 'ova-

'overalls' 'ova'jhalz;

jova^'hir;

ES

,ova'hia(r, S+-'h]a(r,

-'hjiaCr, -'ha(r; [-heard

-'hyd;

ES

-'had,

-'h3*d

overheat

'ova* 'hit;

ES

'ova-; [-heated -'hitid

overindulge 'ovarin'dAlds

-iz

ES

^ova-; |-ed -d

n, adj 'ova*,hd;

overhead adv 'ova^'hed;

overhear

'ova-

ful [tooth tue [further 'fytJa*;

overhauls

overhead

-d

overcome jOva^'kAm; ES ^ova-; \past -came

-'kem \pptc -come -'kAm
overconMence 'ova^'kanfadans; ES 'ova'kan-, -'kon-;

overhand n, v 'ova'jhaend; ES 'ova-; [-ed -id

overhang n 'ova*,haeg; ES 'ovaoverhang V ,ova*'haeg; ES ,ova-; [-hung -'hAg
overhaul V

E+-jt/a:d3; [s -iz

overcharge

-iz |-d -t

ES

overestimate n 'ova^'sstamit, -jmet

overboard 'ova^^bord, -jbard;

'keafal,

-iz

-,draft

overemphasis 'ova^'smfasis

ES

jova^'blo;

-'bliu [-blown -'blon

overbold

[-s

-'driu [-drawn -'dran

overeat
b' pptc

-bid -'bid

overblow

overdraw

[-s

'ova-;

('overjdue 'note)

-'baerig

overbid n 'ova^jbid;

E + -jdraft,

'ova-;

'ova^jdraeft;

overdress 'ova^'dres;

-'baerig;

jova^'berig,

ES
ES

overdose n 'ova^^dos;

overbalance jova^'baelans;

[full

ES

overdevelop Wa'di'velap;
-'did [-done -'dAn

'zaiati

overawe

overbid

overindulge

311

[-s -iz |-d

-d

[custom 'kAStam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipip

312

overjoy

ES 'ova-; |-ed -d
ES (Ova-; ('over^laid
adj, adv 'ova^Jaend; ES 'ovaV 'ova'^laend, ^ova^'laend; ES

overt
overreach

overjoy 'ova^'dsai;
overlaid ^ova^Hed;

overland
overland

override

'gold)

-ridden

ES
ES

overlap V jova^'laep;

overlay past of overlie

overrun V jOva-'rAn;

jova-; |-ped -t

ES

jova^'le;

overscrupulous

jova-

overlie jova^'lai;

ES

oversea

'ova^'si;

ES

'ova-;

ES

jOva-; |-sav/ -'sa |-seen

overlord 'ova'jbrd;

^ova-; \past -lay -'le \pptc

ES 'ovaES iOva-; |-ed

ES 'ovajlaad

ES

-z

('over^sea

overseer

'ova^^sia^,

jova^'sir;

-jSir,

ES

'ova-

ES 'ova-; j-sold -'sold

ES 'ovaoverset V jOva^'st; ES jovaoversew 'ova^^so, jova^'so; ES 'ova-, ;0va-;
oversell 'ova^'sel;

overset n 'ova^^set;

-t

'ovali

overman ^foreman' 'ova^man; ES

'ova-; [-men

-man, 'superman'' -^masn j-men -jmen

ES

v 'ova^'maen;

ES

E + -'mas-,

\past -ed -d \pptc -ed -d or -n -n

overshadow

jOva'maesta(r,

-'masjOva-;

j-es

-iz

overshoe

ES

jOva^'J"ain;

adj,

adv

'ova^'mAtJ;

ES

'ova-;

'ova^'nait;

ES

'ova-;

('over^much 'joy)
adj,

ES

'ova-

jOva-;

ES 'ovaES 'ova-;

oversize adj 'ova'saiz;

('over^night 'bag)

|-shot -'/at;

|-d

-d ('over-

jsize(d) 'bolt)

overnight n 'ova^jnait;
'ova^jpaes;

ES 'ovaES 'ova-, E + -jpas,

-jpas; 1-es -iz

overpass v jova^'paes;

ES

jova'paes, E-i--'pas,

-'pas; |-es -iz j-ed -t

'ova^'pe;

jOva-; |-ed -d

ES + -'/Dt
oversight 'ova^^sait;

adv

ES

jOva-; |-shone -'/on

ES

'ova^jju, -ijiu;

overshoot jova^'jut;

|-ed -t

jOva-; |-d -id

jova^'/aedo, -da;

[-ing -'/aedawig

overshine

ES

jova^'mtetj;

ES

overshade jova^'jed;

'ova-; j-ned -d

overmaster jova^'maesta^;

overpass n

j-s

/si'a(r, -jsia(r, jOva'sia(r

overly 'ova'k;

overnight

ES

-nu-;

-'sin

V jova^'luk;

overmuch

jOva-; j-ran -'raen

'ova^'skrupjalas,

oversee jova^'sl;

-'lipt

overlook n 'ova^Juk;

overmatch

^ova-; |-d -d

'voyage)

-lain -'len

ES

'ova-; |-paid -'ped

overpersuade 'ova^pa^'swed;

ES

'ovapa-; |-d

ES 'ova-; |-s -iz

ES jOva-; j-s -iz j-d -d
oversldrt 'ova^^skyt; ES 'ova^skst, 'ova,skyt
oversleep 'ova^'slip; ES 'ova-; -slept -'skpt
oversoon 'ova^'sun, -'sun; ES 'ovaoversoul 'ova^jsol; ES 'ovaoverspend 'ova^'spend; ES 'ova-; [-spent
oversize n 'ova^jsaiz;

oversize v jova^'saiz;

-id

-'spent

overplus 'ova^jpUs;

overpower

ES

^ova^'paua^;

ES

jOva'pau-a(r; j-ed

-d |-ing -'pauarig, -'paurig

ES 'ovaES ^ova-; |-ed -id

overprize 'ova^'praiz; ES 'ova-; |-s -iz |-d -d
overproduction 'ova^pra'dAkJan; ES 'ovaoverproportion 'ova^pra'por/an, -'par-; ES
overprint V jova^'print;

'ovapra'poa/an,

E + -'paa-;

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

-'strod [-stridden -'stridn

overstrung 'ova^'strAg;
overstuff 'ova^'stAf;

j-'s

-iz

[far

ES

ES

'ova-

'ova-; [-ed -t

'ova^sab'skraib;

ES

'ova-;

[-d-d

[-rated -'retid

bee bi [pity

baG (10) [ah a

overstate 'ova^'stet;

oversubscribe

]-ed -d

ES 'ova'ret;
Overreach 'ova^jrit/; ES 'ova-;
overrate 'ova^'ret;

ES jovaES 'ova-; ]-d -id

overstay 'ova^'ste; ES 'ova-; [-stayed -'sted
overstep jova^'step; ES jOva-; |-ped -t
overstride jova^'straid; ES jOva-; [-strode
overspread /ova^'spred;

'ova-; |-es -iz

overprint n 'ova^jprint;

Key:

ES

'ova-

'ova-

'ova^jle;

-'kpt or -leapt -'kpt,

overpay

'ova-

ES
ES

overrun n 'ova-^rAn;

'ova-

ES 'ovaoverlay V jova^'le; ES jova-; |-laid -'led

overleaf adv 'ova^'lif; ES 'ova-; n 'over^leaf
overleap jova^'lip; ES jOva-; j-leaped -'lipt,

overman

ES

overrule jova^'rul, -'nul;

overlap n 'ova^Jaep;

overlook

-'ridri

overripe 'ova^'raip;

-va-;

l-ed -id

overlay n

ES jOva-; |-es -iz [-ed -t

ES jOva-; j-rode -'rod

jova^'rltj";

^ova^'raid;

overt o'vs't;
'piti ( 6)

ES

o'vst, o'vyt; ('ojvert 'act)

[rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angr>' 'sg-gri

far [watch wat/,

wot/

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go


oxygenate

313

overtake

ES

overtake fiYhek;

-'tuk

|-took

jova-;

Ovoca aVoka
ovoid 'ovaid

-taken -'tekan
I

ES

overtax 'ova^'taeks;

'ova-; |-es -iz |-ed -t

over-the-counter 'ova^'Sa'kaunta';

ES

'ovatSa-

overthrow

ES 'ovaES /Ova-;

'ova^jGro;

V ^ova^'Oro;

ovum 'ovam

\pl

ova 'ova

-ow sitffix -o, -b, -a. The ending -ow is seldom

pronounced {except with artificial care) with

'kaunt3(r

overthrow n

ovule 'ovjul

|-threw -'Gru,

-'Gnu -thrown -'Gron

The commonest prons.

afidl o as in elbow.
are with

an advanced

with a.

b, nearly like u,

and

overtime n 'ova^jtaim;
overtime V jova^'taim;

ES 'ovaES iOva-;

|-d

overturn n 'ova^jtyn;
overturn v jova^'tyn;

ES 'ovajtsn, 'ova^tyn
ES jOva'tsn, jova'tyn;

overwatch

ES

-'wot/,

'ova^'watj",

When a

vowel follows the -a {as in -ing, -er)

aworr intervenes; as follow

'falawig or
is

Ano

'falarii).

'fala,

following

sound, nearly u,

heard in medial syllables of such

also

owe o |-d -d lowing

Owego a'wigo, o-

-'watj";

'ova'w8a(r,

-'waea(r; ]-wore -'wor, -'war;

E-i--'waa(r;

ES

|-worn

ES

-'woa(r,

-'warn;

-'worn,

ES
ES

'ova^'wiri,

-'wiri;

ES Wa-,

S+

ES 'ova-; [-ed -d |-ing -ig

ES 'ova-; |-ed -d
n 'ova^^wet; ES 'ovaadj 'ova^'wet; ES 'ova-; ('over-

'ova^'win;

overweigh 'ova^'we;
overweight

jweight 'parcel)

-'waund
Hoo

hard

w.'

'ova^'wyk;

ES

'ova'wsk, 'ova'wyk; 'extra w.' 'over^work

v

'ova^'wyk;

|-ed -t or

overwrought"

ES

-wrought

'ova^ 'rat;

ES

'ova'wsk,

'ona'^J'ip;

ES

'onay/ip

Owosso a'waso, a'wnso

ox aks;

ES+nks;

oxalate 'aksajlet;

oxalis 'aksalis;

l-'s

-iz |-en -n

ES + 'nks-;

\-d -id

ES+nksES + 'oks-

oxbow

'aksjbo;

ES + 'oks-

oxen 'aksn; ES-i-'oksn

oxeye 'aks^ai; ES + 'oks-;
Oxford 'aksfa^d;

ES

ES

|-d

-d

'aksfad, 'nks-; ]-shire

-Jia(r, -Xa(r

ES + 'oksES + 'oks-; |-d -id

oxide 'aksaid, 'aksid; ES + 'nksoxidize 'aksa^daiz; ES + 'oks-; |-s -iz |-d
oxime 'akslm, 'aksim; ES + 'oksoxidase 'aksa^des, -jdez;

oxidate 'aksa^det;

-d

ES+'oks-; The earlier form

The present syl. division may
confusion with the word Mp; cf

oxlip 'aksjhp;

was ox-sUp.
be

'ova'rat; ('over-

due

to

cowslip.

Oxonian aks'onian; ES+oks-

ES + 'ovid

ES + 'oks-; j-d -d
ES + joksoxycalcium jaksi'kaelsiam; ES + joksoxygen 'aksad^an, 'aksi-, -dsin; ES + 'oksoxygenate 'aksadsanjCt; ES + 'oks-; |-d -id
oxtongue 'aksjtAg;

Ovidian o'vidian

oxyacetylene jaksia'stl,in;

oviduct 'ovijdAkt
oviparous o'viparas
oviposit jovi'pazit;

'ova-

-'rat

jwrought 'nerves)
'avid;

own on owned ond

-Jir. -f^l

ES 'ova-; j-ed -id

overwhelm jova^'hwelm; ES jova-; |-ed -d
overwind 'ova^'waind; ES 'ova-; |-wound

overweight v 'ova^'wet;

overwork n

-an

|-et -it

oxazine 'aksa^zin, -zin; ES-i-'oks-

-'weri; |-ied -d

overv/eight

'oig

oxalic aks'aelik;

-'woan, E-(--'w3an

overweary

'o-in,

ownership

overwear 'ova^'wer, -'waer;

|full

stood to include the pron. with fronted o.

owl aul

'ova-; \-d -d

'ova-; |-es -iz |-ed -t

Ovid

is not

used in the vocab., the symbol o being under-

Owen

1-ed -d

overvalue 'ova^'vaelju;

'wyk;

chiefly in its lip-

words as whatsoever.

-jt/ua(r

overwork

from a

rounding. In these words the symbol b

-d

ES 'ovaovertop jova^'tap; ES jova'tap, -'top; |-ped -t

overtrade 'ova^'tred; ES 'ova-; |-d -id
overtrick 'ova^jtnk; ES 'ovaovertrump jOva^'trAmp; ES iOva-; |-ed -t
overture
'ova't/a^,
-^tjur;
ES 'ovatJ"a(r,
overtone 'ova^jton;

overween

differs

ES + -'pDz-;

|-ed -id

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa';

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'vijan [Eden

'idigi

hau

[cradle 'kredj [keep

[toy tai

'em

'kipip


oxygen ize

paiadin

314

ES + 'oks-;

oxygenize 'aksadsan^aiz;

\-s

-iz

ES + joksi'tosik,

oxytocic joksi'tosik, -Hasik;

joksi'tDSik

l-d-d

oxyhydrogen ^aksi^haidradsan, -dsin; ES +

oxymoron /oksi'moran, -'mar-; ES

'moran, joksi'moron, E + -'m3roxysalt 'aksiiSalt; ES + 'oks-

^aksi-

ES + 'oks-

oxytone 'aksijton;
oyer 'ojV,

jDks-

'aia^;

ES

'oJ3(r, bi-3(r

oyez, -yes 'ojes, 'ojez

|-es -iz

ES bist3(r
Ozark 'ozark; ES 'oza:k, E + 'oza:k
oyster bista^;

oxysulphide, -fide ^aksi'sAlfaid, -fid;

ES +

ozone 'ozon, o'zon

ozonize 'ozajuaiz

ioks-; 1-phid, -fid -fid

-iz |-d -d |-nous

\-s

-nas

P, p letter pi \pl P's, Ps, pass P's piz

Padriac Colum 'padnk'kalam, -'knlam

pabulum 'paebjabm

padrone pa'droiu

pace pes paces 'pesiz [paced pest

[-s

-z {It pa'dro:ne \pl -ni

-ni)

pacemaker 'pes^raeka^; ES 'pes^mekaCr

Pachaug pa't/ag, cf Patchogue
pachisi pa'tjizi, pa
see parcheesi
pachyderm 'p^k^idym; ES -jdsm, -jdym
P- pa'sifik

|-ally -li,

ES

'pian

paediatric ,pidi'aetrik, iptd-

|-s

-s

pagan 'pegan paganism 'peganjzam

-ikh

pacification jpaesafa'kejan
pacificator 'paesafajketa^;

paean

'pa:dova)

paediatrician jpidia'trijan, iped-

pacifiable 'paesajfaiabl |-bly -bli

pacific,

Padua 'paedsua, 'paedjua |-n -n {It

Paducah pa'djuka, -'diu-, -'du-

-jket3(r

Paganini jpaega'nini

{It jpaga'nirni)

paganize 'pegan^aiz

|-s

-iz |-d

-d

pacificatory pa'sifaka^tori, -jtari; S -jtori

page peds |pages 'pedsiz |paged pedsd

pacificism pa'sifajSizam

Page peds Page's 'pedsiz

pageant 'p^dsant |-ry -n

pacifism 'paesajfizam
pacify

|-fist -fist

Paget 'paedsit

'pfles3jfai |pacified 'paesa^faid

pack paek

packed paekt

|-age

1-ages

-ids

pagination jpaedsa'nejan

-id3iz

Packard 'p^ka^d; ES 'p^ekad

packet

paginate 'p^dsa^net |-nated -jnetid

'paekit

|packeted 'p^kitid

ES

packhorse 'paekjhars;

'p^^k^haas;

\-s

-iz

packsack 'pkjsaek

pagoda pa'goda
Pago Pago 'pai)o'paoo = Pangopango
pah int, v pa, pa, pae, etc. |-ed -d
Pahlavi, p- 'palajvi=Pehlevi

packthread 'p^k^OrEd

paid past cf pptc of pay ped

pail pel |-ed -d j-ful -jful |-fuls -jfulz

pact paekt

pain pen pained pend

packsaddle 'p^ek^saedl

-d

|-d

j-ful -fal [-fully -fall

pad paed padded

Paine pen

^psedid

paddle 'paedl

|-d

-d |-ling 'pasdiig, 'paedlig

painstaking 'penz^tekii)

paddock 'p^edak |paddocked 'paedakt

paint pent jpainted 'pentid

paddy, padi

paintbrush 'pent^brAj

Paddy

'rice' ^psedi

pair per, paer;

'Irishman'' 'paedi

Padelford pa'delfa^d;

Paderewski

ES

-'rev-,

padishah 'padij/a

padlock 'paedjlak;
padre 'padri

paEa(r; |-ed -d

-'ruski.

Paiute pai'jut ('Pai^ute 'language)

ES + -jlDk;

{It 'pa:dre,

|-s

-z

pal pael [palled paeld

Sp

See in full 3^7.

[bath baeO;

ES

pajama pa'djama, pa'dsama

-Viuski

Key:

|-es -iz

pa(r,

Paisley 'pezli

-fad

jpaedaVefski,

[-ed -t

'patire)

palace

'paelis,

-as

|-s -iz

paladin 'paeladin

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang sasg [angry 'aeg-gri
baO (10) [ah a [far far [watch watj", wot/ (12) [Jaw d33 [gorge gards [go go

Palamon

Panama

315

Palamon 'paelaman,

-jmnn

-jinan,

palladic psUaedik, ps'ledik

palanquin, -keen jp^elsn'kin, -ag'k- [-ed -d

palladium, P- psUediam

palatability ^paelata'bilati

palladous pa'ledas, 'p^eladas

|-s

-z |-dia -dia

palatable 'p^l^tabl |-bly -bh

Pallas 'paelas |Pallas's 'paelasiz

palatal 'p^el^tl

pallbearer 'paljbera', -^baera^;

palatalization jpaelatla'zejan, -ai'zpalatalize 'paelatjiaiz

-d

|-s -iz j-d

-jberaCr,

pallet 'paelit

palate 'paeht

palliate 'paeb^et |-d -id |-ative -^etiv

palatial paUeJal j-ly -i

palliation jpaeb'eXan

palatinate, P- paUaetrijet, -it

pallid 'psebd

palatine, P- 'paebjtain, -tin

pallium 'paebam

Palatka paUaetka

pall-mall

palaver pa'laeva^;

ES

pa'laevaCr; |-ed -d |-ing

pa'laevarig, pa'laevrig

Pall

|-s

-z [pallia 'pseba

game 'pel'mel
Mall London street

pallor 'paela';

ES

'pel'mel, 'psel'mael

'paelaCr

palm pam [palmed pamd

pale pel paled peld

|

pale-, paleo- 'peb-, 'pebo-, Brit usually 'p^el-

|-ist

-ist

[-istry

-istri

paleethnology ^pebEG'naladsi; ES-i--'nDl-

palmate 'paelmet, 'paelmit -mated -metid

paleface 'peljfes j-faces -jfesiz

palmer, P- 'pama';

paleobotany jpeho'batni;

ES + -'bDtES -f3(r

paleographic jpeba'graefik

ES 'pamastan

palmitate 'paelma^tet -mi tic pael'mitik

|

palmitin 'p^lniatin

j-phist -fist

j-tine -tin, -jtin

palmy 'pami

paleo lith 'pebajbO |-ths -6s

Palmyra, p- pasl'maira

paleolithic jpeba'bOik

paleontologic jpebjanta'ladsik;
|-al -1 |-ally -ji,

paleontology

'pamaCr

palmetto pael'meto

|-al -1 [-ally -li

paleography jpeb'agrafi, -'og-

ES

Palmerston 'pama^stan;

paleographer jpeb'agrafa^, -'og-;

'lodsik;

ES

-jbaEr3(r

ES + -jDnt3-

-ikb

jpeban'taladji;

Palo Alto

Pa

Cal,

'paelo'aelto;

la,

Tex+

'palo'alto

ES + -Dn'tDl-;

palpable 'p^lp^b} |-bly -bb

palpitant 'paelpatant

-gist -dsist
I

Paleozoic jpeba'zo-ik

palpitate 'p^elpaitet |-tated -jtetid

paleozoology 'pebjO'Zo'aladsi;

ES

Palermo paUs^mo;
pa'krmo)

ES + -'d1-

-'Ismo,

-Uymo;

palpitation jpaelpa'tejan
(//

palsy 'palzi [palsied 'palzid

palter

'palta^;

ES

Palestinian jpaelas'tinian, -'tinjan

paly 'peb

paletot 'paelajto, 'paelto

pam paem

palette 'p^ebt

Pamela 'paemala

Paley 'p^b

Pamlico 'paembjko
'pael-

Pali 'pali

palikar 'paebjkar;

ES

-d

|-ing

pamphlet 'paemfbt, 'paempfbt ]-ed -id

pamphleteer ^paemfb'tir; ES -'tia(r,

paKndrome 'paebnjdrom
paling ^pebg

paHngenesis jpaebn^dsenasis

|-ing

'paemparig, 'paemprig

^paebika:(r

palimpsest 'psebrnp^sEst

S+

-'teaCr; |-ed -d

Pamunkey pa'mAgki

|-sist -sist

palinode 'paeb^nod |-d -id

pan, P- paen [panned paend

palisade jpaela'sed j-d -id |Palisades -'sedz

panacea

pall pal palled paid

Panama, p-

ful [tooth tuO [further 'fytSa^;

jptena'sia, -'sia

'paenajina, -^ma,

jpaenaWa, -'ma

{Sp jpana'ma)

Palladian pa'ledian
[full

|-ed

pampas 'paempaz, attrih. -pas

Pampas 5 Amer plains 'paempaz
pamper 'paempa^; ES 'paBmpa(r; |-ed -d

palfrey, P- 'palfri

Palgrave ^pTAgtey,

'p^ltaCr;

'paltang, 'paltrig |-try -tn

Palestine 'paelasjtain

ES

'fstfa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz jdish dij [vision 'vi3an

tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep 'em 'kipm


Panamanian
Words below

Paracelsus

316
pronounced in

that have se before t (carry 'kaeri) are often

N with e

('keri, 94)

Panamanian ^paena'menian, -Wenjan, -'man-

pantheism 'paenOijizam

|-ist -ist

Pan-American 'paens'merskan

pantheistic ^paenOi'istik

|-al -} |-ally -li, -ikli

Panay

pantheon,

pa'nai {Sp pa'nai)

pancake 'paen^kek,

P-

'paenOian,

-^an,

paen'eian;

ES+-iDn

'paeg-

ES

panchromatic jpgenkro'maetik

panther

Pancras 'paegkras

Panthino paen'Oino

Pancras

see St.

'paenOa^;

'paenGaCr

pancreas 'p^nkrias, 'ps^O-

pantofle 'paentafl, paen'tafl, -'tufl; ES-K-'lnf-

pancreatic jptenkri'aetik,

pantomime 'paentajmaim |-d -d j-mimist

pantomimic jpaenta'mimik

ipaerj-

pancreatin 'paenkriatin, 'paeg-

panda 'p^enda
Pandar 'paenda^; ES 'paenda(r; c/ pander
Pandarus 'paendaras |Pandarus's 'paendarasiz
pandect, P- 'paendekt

'paentri

pants paents

ES -bds,

Panurge paen'yds;

-'yds;

|-'s

-iz

{Fr pa'nyrs)

pandemic paen'demik
Pandemonium, p- jpaendi'moniam, -'monjam

ES

pander, -ar 'paenda^;

pantry

-ist

'paEnda(r;

|-ed

-d

'paenza', 'pantsa^;

ES

-a(r; {Ger 'pan-

tsar)

Paola

pi'ola, pe-, Italy 'parola

Paoli pi'olai, pe- {It 'pa:oli)

|-ing 'paendarig, 'paendrig

Pandora paen'dora, -'dara; S -Mora

pap paep Ipapped paept

papa 'papa, noiv rare pa 'pa
papacy 'pepasi

pandowdy paen'daudi
Pandulph 'paendAlf
pane pen |paned pend
panegyric jpaena'dsirik

panzer

papain pa'pe-in
j-al -1 |-ally -|i,

-ikh

papal 'pepl papally 'pepli

|

panegyrize 'p^n^dsa^raiz

j-s

papaverine pa'paevajrin, -nn, -'pev-

-iz |-d -d

panel 'p*"} l-^d -d

panful 'penjful |-s -z

papaw

pang paeg

Papeete jpapi'ete

pangenesis paen'dsenasis

paper

Pangopango 'pago'pago=Pago Pago

P-

panhandle,

'papa

papaya pa'paia, pa'paja

'paenjhaendl

-d

|-d

'pepa^;

ES

'pepa(r; |-ed -d 1-ing 'pe-

parig, 'peprig
j-dling

-dhg, -dlig

paperer

ES

'pepra^;

'pepara^,

'pepara(r,

'pepra(r

Panhellenic 'paenha'lenik, -hE'knik

panic 'paenik |-icked

papeterie 'papatri {Fr pap'tri)

papier-mache 'pepa^ma'/e, jpsepjemae'/e;

panicky 'pseniki

-t
]

panicle 'p*nikl jpanicled 'p^nikld

Pan jab pAn'dsab

|-i

'pepama'Je,

'paenja^, 'paenia';

ES

papist 'pepist
papistic pe'pistik, pa-

'paen]a(r, -ni-a(r

pannikin 'paenakin

papoose pae'pus

j-al -1 j-ally -li, -ikli

-iz

j-s

paprika, -ca pae'prika, pa-

panoply 'paenapli -plied -plid

Papua

panorama

papyrus pa'pairas

jpaena'raema, less freq. -Vania-

panoramic ^paenaVaennk

pansy

ES

{Fr papjema-

Te)

-i

panjandrum, P- paen'dsaendram
panne paen
pannier

jpaepjemaE'/e;

|-ally -li,

'paepjua

par par;

-ikk

ES

[Papuan 'paepjuan

pa:(r,

j-es -iz

jpapyri pa'pairai

E+pa:(r;

|-red -d

Para pa'ra ('Para 'rubber)

'paenzi

pant psent panted 'paentid

parable 'paerabl

|-d

-d |-ling -blig, -blig

Pantagruel paen'taegrujel {Fr patagry'tl)

parabola pa'raebala

pantalets, -ttes jpaentj'ets

parabolic jpaera'balik;

pantaloon jpaentl'un

pantechnicon

paen'tEknijkan,

-kan;

ES +

j-ally -li,

paraboloidal pajraeba'bidl

Paracelsus jpaera'selsas

See in full 3-47.

Ibath baee;

ES + -'bDl-;

-ikh

|-ed -d

-jkon

Key:

|-loid -jlaid

bee bi |pity

bae (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

j-sus'

-sas

(6) |rate ret jyet jet |sang saeg langry 'aeg-gri

wntj (12) Ijaw dsa |gorge gords |go go

far jwatch watj",


parishioner

317

parachute

Words below in which a before r (farm) is sounded a are often pronounced in E with a (fa:m)
Words below that have ae before r (carry 'kaeri) are ofteti pronounced in N with ('ken, 94)
parachute V^raj/ut [-chuted -Jutid

parasyn thesis jpaera'sinOasis

paraclete 'p^ersjklit

parasynthetic jpaerasin'Oetik

parade pa'red |paraded pa'redid

paradigm 'paer3,dim, -jdaim
paradigmatic jpaeradig'maetik

paratactic ^paera'taektik
-ally -h,

|-al -1

|-al -1 |-ally -Ii,

-h, -ikh

|-al -1 |-ally

ES

parboil 'pofibail;

paradox 'paera^daks; ES-i--,dDks; |-es -iz

paradoxical jpaera'daksikl; ES+-'dDks-; j-ally

parbuckle 'par^bAkl;

ES

'pa:jbAk!;

-d

|-d

'pa:sl; |-ed -d |-ing -s?ig,

paragenesis jpaera'dsenasis

parcener 'parsna^;

paragon ^^sut^^gan, -gan; ES+-jgon

paragraph 'paera^graef |-ed -t; ES+-af, -af

parch part/;

|-al

ES

-slig

paraffin 'paerafin |-fine -fin, -jfin

paragraphic ^paera'graefik

'potibail; j-ed -d

-^bAklig

|-ling -jbAklig,

parcel 'porsi;

-h, -ikh

-OaiVaidl

|-al

paratyphoid ^paera'taifaid

paradise, P- 'paera^dais -discs -^daisiz

|

-ikh

parataxis jpaera'taeksis

parathyroid jpaera'Oairaid

-ikli

paradisaic jpaeradi'se-ik

|-al -1 [-ally -li,

-ikli

|-ally

-1

ES

ES

'pa:sna(r; |-nary -jgri

|-ed -t |-edly

|-es -iz

pa-.tj";

-idli
-li,

parcheesi, -chesi, -chisi pa'tjizi, pa:-; N-t-pa^-,

par-

-ikk

Paraguay 'paerajgwe, -igwai {Sp ^para'gwai)

Paraguayan jpaera'gwean, -'gwaian

parchment 'part/mant; ES
jsard pard;

ES

ES

parakeet 'paer3,kit

Pardee par'di;

paraldehyde paVaeldajhaid

pardie intj par'di;

parahpsis,

-lep-,

-leip-

-'kp-,

jpaera'lipsis,

'pordn;

-dnig, -diug

-'laip- |-ses -siz

parallax 'p^era/laeks

pardon

'pa^'J-; I'^d -id

pa:d
par'di

ES
ES

pa:'di

'pa:dn;

|-ed

-d

[-ing

-dnabl, -dnabl |-bly

|-able

-bii

|-es -iz [-ed -t

ES

parallel 'paerajkl |-ed -d |-ism -kljizam

pare per, paer;

parallelepiped 'p^er^ilEla'paipid, -'pipid

paregoric jpaera'gank, -'garik, -'gorik

parallelogram jpaera'klajgraem

parent Operant, 'paerant, 'perant |-age -ids

paralysis pa'raelasis |-ses -jsiz

parental paVentl parentally paVentli

paralytic jpaera'litik

parenthesis paVenOasis |-theses -ea,siz

pa(r,

paea(r; |-d -d

paralyze 'paerajaiz |-lyzes -Jaiziz

paramount, P- 'paerajmaunt

[-d

parenthesize pa'renOajSaiz

-d

-iz |-d -d

j-s

|-cy -si

parenthetic jpaeran'Getik

paramour 'paer3;mur; ES -^muaCr

Parana jpaera'na, -'no (5^ jpara'na)

paresis pa'risis, 'paerasis

parang pa'rag

par excellence par'eksa^lans {Fr parekse-

paretic paVetik, pa'ritik

paranoia jpaera'naia |-noiac -'naiaek

parapet
-fa- ;

'la:s)

'p^erspit, -ipet |-peted -pitid, -jpetid

paraphernaUa

In

jpaerafa'nelia,

the first pron.

-Ija;

-fa^-,

a' is lost

ES

by dissimi-

lation {121).

paraphrase 'paera^frez

|-s

-iz |-d -d

paraphrastic ^paera'fraestik

|-al

-1

-ally -li,

ES

pa:-; {Fr par'fe)

parhelion par'hilian, -Ijan;

pariah pa'raia,

'paeria, 'par-

Parian 'perian,

'paer-, 'per-;

ES
S

pa:-;

|-ia

-la

'paer-, 'per-

pari mutuel 'paeri'mjut/ual, -'miu- {Fr parimy'tql)

parapsychology ^paerasai'kaladsi; ES-h-'kolparasang 'pserajsaeg

parasite 'paerajsait |-sitism -saitjzam

ful Itooth tue [further 'fySa^;

Paris ^psens, jocularly pae'ri

Paris,

Gaston

gaes'tanpae'ris

|-'s
|-'s

-iz {Fr gas-

parish 'paenj |parished 'paeri/t

parishioner pa'rifana', -'ri/na^;

ES

-iz {Fr pa'ri)

topa'ri:s)

[-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

parasol 'p^r^jsal, -(SdI, -jsal

Ifull

parfait par'fe, par'fe;

parietal pa'raiatl

-ikli

parasitic jpaera'sitik

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

-na(r

hau

[toy tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

parure

318

Parisian

Words below in which a before r (farm) is sounded a are often pronounced in E with a (fa:m)
Words below that have ae before r (carry 'kaeri) are often pronounced in N with ('ken, 94)

ES

Parisian paVisan, paVizian

parsley 'parsli;

parity 'paerati

parsnip 'parsnap, -nip;

park park; ES park;

parson 'parsn;

j-way -^we

|-ed -t

parka 'parka; ES 'pazka

Parker 'parka^; ES 'pa:k3(r
Parkman 'parkman; ES 'parkman

ES

parlance 'paribus;

parlay 'parh;

ES

'pailans;

ES

-'tuk -taken -'tekan

ES

par-; |-d -d {Fr par'terr)

ES jparOES 'parG-, -^nnn

Parthenope par'Oenajpi, -pi; ES pa'GenParthia 'parOia, -6ja; ES 'parG-; |-n -n
partial 'par/al; ES 'parjal; |-ly -i
partiality par'Jaelati, ^parji'ael-; ES pa'/ael-.

|-ed -d

ES

'parlamant
-'tei -;

ES

iPa:l-tri; ES jparlES 'pa:la(r; j-maid -j med

parlous 'parlas; ES 'parlas
Parmesan ,parma'zaen; ES jparm-; ('Parme-

parliamentary jparlaWentan,
parlor, P- 'parla^;

jpar/i'aelati

partible 'partabl;

ES

'partabl

Parnassian par'naesian, -sjan;

Parnassus par'naesas;

ES

ES

pa'n -

participate

culj pa^'tisapit,

']

parnl;

parochial pa'rokial, -kjal

|-ly -i

|parodied

'paeradi

'paeradid

l-dist

participle

ES

(parta'sipial,

-pjal;

'partasapl,

ES

Parolles pa'ralis, -'ml-

particular

-iz

paronomasia jpaerano'mesa, -31a

pa-,

pa:-; J-ed -'ked.

ES

-iz

'paeri |parried 'paerid

pars; |-d

ES

-t

{Brit parz)

'par^sek

ES 'parsi, par si
ES 'pars-; {Ger parzi-

Parsi, -see 'parsi, par 'si;

Parsifal 'parsafl, -jfal;

'

see Parzival

parsimonious jparsa'monias, -njas;

parsimony 'parsa,inoni;

ES

See in full 3~-f7.

the

'parti jkAlad

par-;

2d pron.

<3-

ES

pa-

is lost

by

ES

see note above

particularize

pa^'tikjalajraiz,

j-s

-iz |-d -d

pa-, par-;

ES

see note above

ES 'partigES 'partazn
partition pa^'ti/an, par-; ES pa-, pa:-; |-ed -d
partitive 'partativ; ES 'partativ
partlet, P- 'partlit; ES 'partlit
partly 'partli; ES 'partli
partner 'partna^; ES 'partna(r
partook pa^'tuk, par-; ES pa'tuk, parpartridge 'partrids; ES 'partnds; |-s -iz
parturition jpartju'njan; ES jpartparty 'parti; ES 'parti
party-colored 'parti jkAla^d; ES 'partijkAlad
parure pa'rur; ES pa'rua(r; {Fr pa'ryrr)
partisan, -zan 'partazn;

-i

parrot 'paerat [parroted 'paeratid

parsec 'par^sek;

In

ES

pa-,

Partington 'partigtan;

'pa:k-

parricide 'paera,said
j-'s

pa-;

pa

pa-, pa-;

-'ketid

parquetry 'parkitri;

'parta^sipl;

particularity pa^jtikja'l^rati, pa-, par-;

paroxytone paer'aksajton; ES+-^Dks-

parricidal jpaera'saidl j-ly

^parta-;

dissimilation {121).

paroxysm, P- 'paeraksjzam

|bath baeG;

pa^'tikjala^,

'tikiala(r,

ES + -'rDtid

ES

pa-, pa-

'part-; |-d -d

parti-colored 'parti jkAla^d;

parquet par'ke, -'ket;

ES
ES

'partsapl,

particle 'partikl;

parotid pa'ratid;

pa-, pa-;

'part-

parol, -e 'word' pa'rol

|-'s

ES

participation p*jtisa'pej"an, par-;

parole pa'rol j-d -d |-lable -abl

Key:

pa-.

l-ly -I

-dist

ifal)

ES

l-d -id

participial

pa:'n-, 'pa:n-

ES

pa-, pa-

par-, -jpet;

participate V pa^'tisa^pet, par-;

pa:'n-; |-sus' -sas

Parnell par'nel, 'parnl, Irish leader

parse pars;

ES

participant pa^'tisapant, par-;

pa-

jsan 'Cheese)

parry

Parthenon 'parea^nan, -nan;

parliamentarian jparlamen'tErian,

Parrish 'paerij

-li

pa'tek, par-; ]-took

parthenogenesis ,par0ano'd5nasis

ES pari
'park; ES 'pa^li;

parody

'pars-

part; |-ed -id -ly

parterre par'ter;

-iz

|-s

'pa:li

parliament 'parbmant;

ES

ES

'parsn; |-age -id5

partake pa^'tek, par-;

parle pari;

parley

ES

part part;

ES

'parsli

ES

,pars-

'pars-

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) [rate ret [yet jet |sang saeg |angr\^ 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wotj

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

parvenu

319

Words below in which a

parvenu

before r (farm) is

'parvajtiju, -jniu, -jnu;

ES

pathetic

sounded a are often pronounced in

'pf*:v-;

pastille

parvoline 'parv3jHn, -lin;

'partsavj,

-iVal;

ES 'po:vES 'pa:ts-;

pastime 'paesjtaim;
{Ger

pastor

with a (farm)
|-tile

ES

'paesta^;

pastoral

pas Fr pa

V*skl {Fr

E + 'pas-,
'paesta(r,

'pas-

E + 'pas-,

pas'kal)

'paestaral,

E + 'pas-,

-tral;

Pasch paesk |Pascha 'paeska |paschal 'p*skl

pastorale jpaesta'rali {It /pasto'ra:le)

pastorium paes'tonam,

'paeJ^' 'pa/a. palfa

Paso Robles 'paeso'robiz, -bias, 'pasoVobks

pasquinade jpaeskwi'ned |-d -id

pasturage 'paest/arids

pass paes; E+pas, pas;

pasture

j-es -iz |-ed -t |-able

pasty

passbook 'paes^buk;

E + 'pas-,

ES

'paestja^;

chiefly Brit 'paesti, 'pasti

'pie,''

patch paetj [patches

Patchogue

passementerie paes'mentri {Fr pasma'tri)

ES

passenger 'paesndsa';

pae'tjag, pa-, cf

-pa'tu,

ES

-pa'tu.

pate pet |pated 'petid

pate Fr pa'te
patella pa'tela

-z ]-lae

[-s

-li

paten 'paetn

-pa:'tu; |-ed -d

passer-by 'paesa^'bai;

ES

'paesa-,

E + 'pas-,

patency 'petnsi
patent 'obvious' 'petnt,

'pas-

passim 'paesim
passion, P- 'paefan j-ed -d |-ate

E + 'pas-,

passover 'paesjova^;

ES

'paes^port,

-it,

patentee

-/nit

patentor

'pas-

-,ov3(r,

-^part;

password 'paesjwyd;

^paetn'ti

E + 'pas-, 'pas-^poat, E +

ES

ES

-ta(r, -'taa(r

pater, P- 'peta^;

ES

'peta(r

ES

paterfamilias 'peta^fa'mili/aes, -as;

'peta-;

|-es -IZ

ES

-^wsd, -^wyd,

E+

{Fr pa'si)

ES

paternal pa'tynl;

-jizam

'pas-, 'pas-

|-ist

-ist

pa'tsnl, -'tynl;

|-ism

-^aiz

|-izes

|-ly

-i

paternalistic pa/tynl'istik;

paste pest |pasted 'pestid

paternity pa'tynati;

'pest^bord,

|-ize

-^aiziz 1-ized -^aizd

past paest; E+past, past

-/bard;

'pes-,

ES

E + -jbaad
ES 'paestan
ES -'t3(r,

'paeta-,

ES

-/tsnl-, -jtynl-

pa'tsnati, -'tyn-

ES

'peta-

Land

street

'paeta*-;

-'nDsta(r;

ES 'paetajiiasta-,
'paeta^sn; ES 'paetasn

'paeta'/nasta^'ro;

Paterson
-'ty;

ES

paternoster 'peta^'nasta^,
'nasta(r,

pastel paes'tel ('pasjtel 'drawing)

{Fr pas-

'toerr)

path paeG; E+paG, paO;

|-'s

-Os

-^iiDsta-

[-ths

-tJz

l-thed -et

pasteurization /paestara'zejan, jpaest/a-, -ai'z-

Pathan pa'tan, pat'han

pasteurize 'paesta,raiz, 'paest/a-

pathetic pa'Getik

|full

patentee

contrasted with

'paetnta^,

(paetn'tar;

'pas-, 'pas-, -jpaat

Pasteur paes'ty;

patent' 'paetnt

'letters

|-ed -id

passive 'paesiv |-sivity pae'sivati

pastern 'paesta^n;

-abl

Pachaug

patchwork 'paetjjwyk; ES -jwsk, -jwyk

ES

-pa:'tu; {Fr paspar'tu)

passe-partout v jpaespa^'tu, -par-;

'paes^ki;

-n

[-n

'paetjiz j-ed -t |-able

patchouli, -ly 'paet/uli, pa'tjuli

'psesnd33(r

passe partout n jpaespa^'tu, -par-;

|-d -t

Patagonia ,paeta'gonja, -'gonia

'belle)

-/boad,

E+'pas-,

'paestja(r,

pat-a-cake 'paeti^kek, 'paeta-

'pas-

passe, fern, passee pae'se {Fr pa'se) ('pasjsee

pasteboard

-'tor-

pat paet jpatted 'paetid

Passamaquoddy jpaesama'kwadi, -'kwodi

pae'si

pasty Hike paste' 'pesti

-d |-way -jwe

-iz |-d

|-s

Passaic pa'scik, pae-

Passy

-'tar-;

'pas-

passado pa'sado

passport

'pas-;

pastry 'pestri

-abl l-bly -bh

passkey

'pas-;

l-ly -I

pasha

passage 'p*sid3

-til

|-ate -it, -trit

'partsijval)

Pascal

'paestil

|-(e)d -d

(Fr parva'ny)

Parzival

[pastil

paes'til

|-s

ful [tooth tuO [further 'fs^Sa*;

-iz |-d

ES

-d

'fstJa

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz jdish dij [vision 'visan

jEden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

ES

pathfinder 'paeG^fainda^;

-daCr,

E + 'pa6-,

paul pal |-ed -d

Paul pal [Paula

'pae-

pathogenesis

jpaeOa'dsenasis

|-netic

Pauline /ew. name pa'lin;

'netik

ES + 'Undsik;

pathologic jpae83'lad3ik;

|-al-l

pauper

pae'0abd3ist,

pathologist

ES

pauperize 'papa^raiz

|-gy -dsi

pathos 'peOas; ES+'peGos

pathway

'papa^;

'paeO^we;

|-'s

-iz

patina ^pan' 'p^etina |-nae

'paG-; |-ed -d

pave pev

patient 'p^Jant

pavement 'pevmant

|-s

-iz |-d

Pavia

'p^vi, cf

-ven -van

Peavey

'pevia; It city pa Via (It paVi:a)

bol.

pavilion paViljan |pavilioned pa'viljand

patio 'potijO (5^ 'patjo)

E+

Patmore 'paetmor, -mar; ES -mo3(r,

ES 'pevja(r
paw pa pawed pad [pawing
pawky 'paki
pavior 'pevja';

-m33(r

'pa-ig

ES+-mDs;

'paetmas, 'paetmas;

|-'s

pawl

-IZ

patois 'paetwa,

ES

-ja:k,

pal |-ed -d

pawn pan [pawned pand

-wd {Fr pa'twa)

patriarch 'petri^ark;

E+-ja:k;

pawnee

ES

E+-'a:kI;

-'a:kl,

pan'i [-nor

patrician pa'tri/an

Paw Paw

Patrick 'p^trik
patrimonial jpastra'monial, -njal

-n'ar;

ES

patriot 'petriat, 'petri^at;

ES + -jDt

ES+-'Dtik;

|-al -1 |-ally

-h, -ikli
patristic paHristik

'papa

-jxnas-, -jinas|-'s

patron 'p^tran
patronage Vetranids,

payment 'pemant
Payne pen
paynim 'penim

-iz

patrol pa'trol |-led -d |-man,

-men -man

pay-roll 'petrol

'paet-

patroness 'petranis, ^pxt|-s

Paz,

|-es -iz

-iz ]-d -d

+ 'paet-

pea

La

la'pas (/Im

Sp

la 'pas)

pi

patronymic ;paetra'nimik

Peabody

'pijbadi, -badi;

patroon pa'trun

peace pis

|-s

Pattee

peaceable 'pisabl |-bly -bli

pae'ti

ES 'paetafr; |-ed
'paeta'n; ES 'p^et^n

^paeta^;

ES + -jbDdi

-iz [-d -t |-ful -fal [-fully -fall

peacemaker 'pis^meka^; ES -jmeka(r

patten 'p*tn ]pattened 'pastnd

peach

-d

pit/ [peaches 'pitjiz [peached plt/t

peachick

'pijtjik

peach-tree

'paeti, 'paeti {It 'patti)

'pitjjtri

Pattison 'paetasn

peacock 'pi,kak;ES-i--,kDk; [peafowl

patty, P-

peag, -e pig

patty-cake 'paeti^kek

'paeti
|

paucity 'pasati

Key:

See in full 3-47.

jbath baeO;

-na(r,

Pawtucket pa'tAkit
pax paeks [paxes 'paksiz
pay pe [paid, naut. payed ped |-ing 'pe-ig
payee pe'i
paymaster 'pejmaesta^; ES -jmaesta(r, E-t-

|-ly -i

patrimony 'paetrajmoni

patronize Vetran,aiz

'pana^,

Pawnee pa'ni
pawnshop 'panjjap; ES-h-iJop
pawpaw 'papa = papaw

l-ly -I

Patroclus pa'troklas

ES

-n'aa(r

Patricia pa'trija, -/la

patriotic ^petri'atik;

[-broker -jbroka^;

-a(r

|-ate

-It

patriarchal jpetri'arkl;

Patti

-d

\past b' pptc -d -d \rare ppic

Pavey, -vy

-jxi

^film^ 'paetna |-s -z

pattern

|-ism

|-age -ids

patter

|-es -iz |-ed -t

pause paz pauses 'p^ziz [paused pazd

E + 'paG-,

patience, P- 'pe/ans

'papa(r;

Paul' 'palain

-jizam

ES+-'0d1-;

pa-;

'of

PauUnus pa'lainas |-'s -iz

paunch pantj, pnntj, pant/

|-ally -li, -ikli

Patmos

'p^'^ [Paulist 'p^list

Paulina pa^laina, pa 'lama

-dsa-

pathogenic jpaeSa'djEnik

patina

pea -green

320

pathfinder

'pi^faul

pea-green 'pi'grin ('pea-^green 'dress)

bee bi [pity

baG (10) [ah a

[far

'piti

(i

j6)

[rate ret [j-et jet jsang saeg [angr\^ 'aeg-gri

far [watch wat/, WDtJ" (12)

jaw dsa [gorge gards

[go

go

peahen

pelage

321

peahen 'pijhEn
peak pik peaked pikt
peaked adj Vikid, pikt; iVEng^ + 'pikid

pedagogue, -gog 'peda^gag, -jgog, -jg3g

-ged -d |-guism, -ogism -jizara

|-d,

peal

pedagogy 'pedajgodsi, -jgadsi; ES + -jgDd3i

pedal n,

pealed pild

pil

pean ^heraldic pattern,'

pean 'paean' 'pi^n
peanut 'pinst, 'pii^At

pedal adj 'pedl, 'pidl

'peen' pin

pedaler 'ptdla^;

pedant 'pednt

E p3(r, ES pae3(r
ES pias, S+peas; |-'s
pyl; ES pal, ps'l; |-ed -d

Pearce pirs;

pearmain 'permen,
peart

pyt, pirt;

'pert'

'paer-;

p3t,

peddle 'pEdl

-iz

pedestal 'pedistl |-ed -d

pyt, piat,

ES

peaz,

paeaz;

|-'s

ES 'piaES pias, p3s, pys;

ES 'piasn

-iz

Pearse pirs, pys;

Pearson 'pirsn;

\-'s

-iz

|-ry

ES + '^kod
ES + -iblDS-

\-d

'pebli,

Pavey

Pedro

'pebk

to prevail

uncommon

'pidro, 'ped-

peduncle pi'dAgkl

-d |-ling -blig, -blrg

{Sp

'petJro)

-d

|-d

pee pi

pi'kan

in the S, but pi'kaen

is

not

Peebles 'piblz
-1/3';

ES

j-'s

-iz ]-shire -i/ir, -Isi/ir, -/a',

- Jia(r, -J"a(r

peek pik [peeked pikt

peel, P- pil peeled pild

there.

peccable 'pekabl

-'am-, -'dom-, -'om-

ta(r,

pecan pi'kan, pa-, pi'kaen, 'pikaen

appears

'pEdla(r

pedro 'pidro

'pivi

'pevi, 'pivi, cf

pebble 'pebl

ES

pedometer pi'damata', pEd'am-; ES -'dama-

-an |-wood -jwud

pit |-ery

pedicle 'pEdikl

pedlar 'pEdla^;

Peaseblossom 'piziblasam;
peavey, -vy

-s

pedigree 'peda^gri |-d -d

-n

pease piz |-cod -,kad;

|-s

pediatrician ^pidia'tn/an, ^pedi-

pediment 'pedamant ]-al jpEda'mentl

pedimented 'pedaiinEntid, 'pEdamantid

'piri

peasant 'p^znt

pebbly

pedestrian pa'destrian |-ism -jizam

pedicel 'pedasl j-ed -d

Pearsall 'pirsal, 'pirsl;

Peavey

'pedlaCr

pediatric jpidi'aetrik, jpedi-

Pears perz, paerz;

peat

ES

peddler 'pedla^;

'paea-

-ikh

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

-d |-ling 'pedlig, 'pedlig

|-d

ES

S + p3t

Peary

'p^dlaCr; c/ peddler

-n

j-ite -ait

'pea-,

ES

ES

|-ry

pedantic pi'daentik

pear per, paer;

pearl, P-

-d |-ing 'pedjig

v 'pedj |-ed

|-bility jpeka'bilati

peccadillo jpeka'dilo

peen pin jpeened pind

peccant 'pskant |-ancy -ansi

peep pip Ipeeped pipt

peccary 'pekari

peer pir;

peccavi pi'kevai, pE-

j-s

ES

|-hole -jhol

S+pEa(r;

pia(r,

peerage 'pirids; S + 'pEr-;

-z

peck pek jpecked pekt

peeve piv peeved pivd

|-s

j-ed -d
-iz

|-dly -idli,

-dk

Peckham 'pEkam

peg, P- pegged
I

pEgd |peggy, P-

Pecksniff 'p^ksnif |-ian pek'snifian

Pegasus 'pEgasas

Pecock 'piikak; ES + -jkDk

Pecos 'pekas, -os |-'s -iz

Peggotty 'pEgati

pectin V^ktin

|-al -1 |-ase

pectoral 'pektaral

peculate 'pEkja^let

peignoir pen'war,

-^es |-ate -jCt

|-d -id |-tor -a';

ES

-a(r

ES

jfull

ES

-a:(r,

|-'s

pias,

-iz

S+pEas;

|-'s

US

'pikin,

China

-iz

'pi'kin [-king 'pi'kig

Pekingese jpikig'iz |-kinese -kin'iz

-'gods-;

ES +

pekoe

ES

'fstSa

|-'s

-iz

'piko, Srii + 'psko

pelage 'pElids

]-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

ES

-'dsor-

Pekin

pecuniary pi'kjunijEri, -'kiun-

-'gods-;

-ar;

pejorative 'pidsa^retiv, pi'djarativ, -'dsar-,

-ja(r

jkjurjaerati, -jkiul-

jpeda'gadsik,

Peiraeus pai'rias
Peirce pirs;

peculiarity pijkjuli'aerati, pijkjulji'aerati, pi-

pedagogic

'penwar,

Peiping 'pe'pig {Chin 'be 'pig)

|-ly -i

pi'kjulja-, -'kiul-;

-sas

-aa(r

peculation jpekja'lejan

pecuKar

|-sus'

'pEgi

|-s

-iz

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan

tai

jEden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Pendergast 'penda^^gast;

pelagian, P- pa'ledsian |pelagic pa 'laedsik

Pelasgian pa'Iaezdsian, -gian

Pelee

-d3ik

|-gic

been

Peleus 'piljus

|-'s

by

lost

ES

'penda-;

dissimilation

has

{121)

see

Prendergast.

|Pelee mt. pa'le

'pili

isl.

pensile

322

pelagian

Pendleton 'pendltan

-iz

pelf pelf

pendragon, P- pen'draegan

Pelham 'pEl^m

pendulous 'pendsalas

pelican 'pelikan |-ry -ri

pendulum 'pendsalam, 'pendlam, 'pendjalam

Penelope pa'nelapi |-an pa^nela'pian

Pelion 'pilian
pelisse pa'lis

peneplain, -plane 'pinajplen, jpLna'plen

-iz

\-s

pellagra pa'legra, -'laeg- |-grous -g ras

penetrabihty ^penatra'bilati

pellet 'pelit |-ed -id

penetrable 'penatrabl |-bly -bh

pellicle 'p^lik}

penetrate

pell-mell, pellmell 'p8l'ml |-ed -d

-sus -as

|-sos,

Peloponnesian jpElapa'niJan, -3311

ES + dnps;

Pelops Vdaps;

penicillin jpeni'silin

jpeni'cillus)

j-es -iz |-nes -niz

penitence 'penatans |-tent -tant

Pembina 'pembina, -^na |Pembine 'pembain

Pemberton 'pemb^'tn; ES 'pemb^tn
Pembroke US, C 'penibrok, Wales, Irel -bruk

penitential jpena'tenjal

ES

-Ja^;

-Jia(r,

penknife 'pen^naif, 'penaif j-knives -aivz

penman 'penman |-men -man

-V DSit

Pemiscot 'pEmijskat; ES-h-iSkot

pennant 'penant

pemmican 'pemikan

pennate 'penet

pen

Pennell 'penl

pen
pen

ft

pen

V 'write'
V 'shut'

penal

pen [penned pend

pen |penned pend

pronunclation
'penlti,

which

'penl^aiz
is

-i^

is

I"

d -d r/ze

influenced

by

heard oftener than 'pinj

|-ed

-d

Pennsylvania jpensl'venja, -nia,

penny 'peni

|-ies -z

1-s

ES

-'laina(r

-'rajal, -'rail

pennyw^eight 'penijwet

-iz |-d -t

pen-and-ink 'penan'igk, lessfreq.

Pen Argyl pen'ardsil; ES

-n

^pen'jaen

pennyroyal ^pena'raial,

penalty 'penlti

-sil- j-n

[pence pens

penny-a-Hner jpenia'laina^;

Penn Yan

(penal).

penance 'penans

|-d -id

Pennine 'penain

pennon 'penan

|-ship -;Xip

penniless 'penlis, 'penihs

'pinl j-ly -i

penalize Vinjiaiz, V^n!"

|-ly -i

penitentiary /pena'tenjari, -'tent/an

Penn pen
pen-name 'pen^nem

-/3(r

Pemigewasset jpEinidga'wasit,

|-r -a^;

-a(r

pelvis 'pelvis |-es -iz j-ves -viz |-vic -vik

Pembrokeshire 'pembrukj/'ir,

^pena-

|-ery -^en

-jholda(r

penis 'pinis

-d

'pElt3(r; j-ed

ES
{cf L

penholder 'pen^holda^;

ES

ES

1-tion

peninsula, P- pa'ninsala, -sjula, -Jula

-iz

|-'s

pelt pelt pelted 'peltid |-ry -ri

pelter 'pelta^J

-id

|-d

penguin 'pengwin, 'peggwin

pellucid pa'lusid, -'husid

Peloponnese jpelaps'nis

'penajtret

'trejan

'

)enand'igk

penny-wise 'peni'waiz ('penny-jwise 'move)

pennyworth 'peni^wyO; ES -jWsG, -jWyG;

-'a:d3il

penates, P- pa'netiz

|-ths -Gs

Penbrook 'penibruk

Penobscot pa'nabskat, -skat; ES-H-'nobsknt

pence pens, in combination -pans, -pens

penology pi'naladsi; ES-f-'nol-;

penchant 'pent/ant {Fr pa'Ja)

Penrith 'penriO, pen'riG

pencil 'pens! |-ed -d

Penrod 'pentad; ES+-n)d

pend pend |-ed -id j-ing -ig

pendant 'pendant j-ed -id
pendency 'pendansi |pendent 'pendant

Pensacola ^pensa'kola
penseroso, P- jpensa'roso

Pendennis pen'denis

pensile 'pensl, 'pensil

Key:

|-'s

bee
baG (10) |ah a

See in full 3-47.

jbath baeG;

-iz

[-gist -dsist

Pensauken pen'sakan

bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet [sang saeg |angr}' 'ag-gri
|far

far [watch watj,

wntj

(12) |Jaw dsa [gorge gards |go go

peregrination

323

pension
pension ^payment' 'pen/an |-ed -d

peptone 'pepton

pension 'lodging^ 'ponsijan, -jon (Fr pa'sjo)

Pepys

pensionary 'pen/anjeri

diarist

'pEpiS

|-'S

penstock 'pen^stak; ES+-^stDk

Pequawket pi'kwokit, -'kwokit

Pequot 'pikwat, -kwot

pent pent

per prep w. object pa^;

pentagon 'p^ntajgan; ES+-igDn

pentagonal pen'tfeganl |-ly -i

py; ES p3(r, py
perad venture
jpyadVent/a^;

pensive 'pensiv

]-d

-d

pentahedron ^penta'hidran
pentameter pen'taemata^ ;

ES

annum

per

Pentecost 'pentijkast, -^kost, -jkast

percale pa^'kel;

Penthesilea jpenGesl'ia

per capita pa^'kaepita;

pentice 'pEntis

|-s

-iz \-d

ES

perceive pa^'siv;

-jhaust

-t= penthouse

ES

ES

percentile pa^'sentail,

percept 'pysept;

pa-;

pa-;

ES

perception pa^'sepjan;

-z |-brae -bri

penurious pa'nurias, -'niu-, -'nju-

-iz

'paini

represents piony, in literary use 1519 cc

(Cowper has pioney). Peony dates from

-'t/ans

Percheron 'p3'tjaran, -jOn;

ES

'pstj*-, 'ps'tj'-,

ES

perchlorate ps^'kloret, -'kbr-;

py-, E-^-'kbr-;

-d |-ling 'piplig, 'pipUo

peopleless 'piplhs

percipience pa^'sipians;
percolate

{Fr pe'p)

-tor -a^;
|-ed

'p^P^Cr?

-d

|-ing

ES + -jbDks
'p^psran-; ES

'pepa-n'salt,

'pepan-, 'peparan-

peppercorn 'pepa^/karn;

ES

|-s

Pepperrell 'peparal, 'pepral

'pepa^jWS't;

ES

'psk-, 'ps'k-

'psk-, 'pyk-; |-d -id

ES

pa-;

|-es -iz |-ed -t ]-ion

-'kAjan

Percy 'pysi;

ES 'pssi,
ES pa'di
ES

perdition pa^'dijan;

-iz

'p^pa-. 'p^piPiint

pa-; |-ent -ant

ES

-a(r

Perdita 'pydita;

Depperidge 'pepands, 'pepridj

'p^'si

ES

pa-

'psd-, 'pyd-

ES

pa'di/an

perdu, -due pa^'dju, -'dm, -'du;

ES

pa-

perdurable pa^'djurabl, -'diur-, -'dur-;

'pepa^wat, 'pepa-

iwyt

ES

pa-; |-bly -bli

peregrin 'peragnn 1-grine -grin, -igrin

pepsin, -e 'p^psm |-ate -^et |-ated -jctid

peregrinate 'peragri^net [-nated -^netid

peptic 'peptik

peregrination jperagri'nejan

[full

[-ride

ES

per diem pa^'daiam, -em;

'pepa^kaan

Pepperell 'pep^ral, 'pepral

'pepa^jinint;

ES

percuss pa^'kAs;

perdie pa^'di;

ES

ES

'ps'kaht, -jlet;

percolate v 'pyka^let;
I

ES

'peparig, 'peprig j-box -^baks;

peppenvort

ps'klor-,

-nd

-raid, -rid

Peoria piWia, -bria; S -'ona

peppermint

-rik j-rid

|-ric

pep pep |-ped -t |-py -i |-pily -Ii, -ill

Pepin lake, Wis co. 'pepin; Franks king 'pepin

pepper-and-salt

pa-

tJte

16c.

V^P^";

-s

-iz

ES pa-; |-bly -bli

ES pa-; |-tive -tiv
perceptual pa^'sept/ual; ES pa-; |-ly -i
Percival, -ce-, -e 'pysavl; ES 'p^s-, 'p^'Sperch pytX; ES pstj, pytj; |-es -iz |-ed -t
perchance pa-'tjaens; ES pa-, E + -'tJans,

perceptible pa^'septabl;

'pipl |-d

|-s

|-s

'pa-, 'py-

penultima pi'nAltama j-mate -nut

pepper

ES

-tl, -til;

ES

penumbra pi'nAmbra

people

ES

per cent, percent pa^'sent;

penult 'pinAlt, pi'nAlt

peon 'pian |-age -id5 |-ism -jizam

peony 'piani The well-known popular

pa'kaep-

pa'siv; |-d -d

pent-up 'pEnt'Ap ('pent-jup Vrath)

j-'s

|-tor -a^;

pa'kel; {Fr per'kal)

percentage pa^'sentid3;

penury 'pen j an
Penzance pen'zaens

|-d -id

pa^'aenam

pentose 'pentos

|-s

jpsrad-

perambulation pa^jaembja'le/an

-jtiuk, -jtuk

|-ses -ziz |-d

ES

-a(r

pentathlon pen'taeOlan, -Ian, -Inn

penthouse 'pent^haus

pa(r; without obj.

perambulate pa^'aembjajlet

-'taemataCr

pentane 'penten

Pentateuch 'pentajtjuk,

ES

VentJaCr, jpyadVent/aCr

|-dral -dral

ES

Eng family

Ir family pips ;

-IZ

|-al -1

ful |tooth tu6 Ifurther 'fySa^;

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam |while hwail |ho\v hau |toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

peremptory
peremptory paVemptari,
-itari;

'peramp^tori,

-tri,

perfect v pa^'fekt,

peripheral pa'nfaral

|-ly -i

ES

perfect adj 'ps'fikt;

now

periphrase 'pera^frez

'psf-, 'pyfless freq.

ES

'pyfikt;

ES p3'fkX3n
perfervid py'fyvid; ES ps'fsvid, py'fyvid
perfidious pa^'fidias; ES pa'fidias
perfidy 'ps'fadi; ES 'pafadi, 'ps'fadi
perforate adj 'pyfarit, -jret; ES 'psf-, 'pyfperforate v 'pyfaitet; ES 'psf-, 'ps^f-; |-d -id
perforation jps'fa're/aii; ES ipsfa-, ipyfaperforce pa^'fors, -'fars; ES pa'foas, E + -'f33s
perform pa^'form; ES pa'faam; j-ed -d |-ance
perfection pa^'fekjan;

dissimilated pron. p3'fDrm(3ns) is

perfume n 'ps^fjum, -fium, pa^'fjum, -'fium;

'ps-, 'ps^-,

perfume

V pa^'fjum, -'fium;

ES

pa-; |-d -d

jpEra'fraestik

dissimilated pron. pa'fjumari

|-ally

-li,

-n

peripteral pa'riptara! |-ry

perique pa'rik
periscope 'pEra^skop

ES + -'skDp-;

periscopic ^pera'skapik;

perish 'panj

|-al -1

|-es -iz |-ed -t

perishabiHty /pEriJa'bilati
perishable 'peri/abl |-bly -bli
peristalsis ^pera'staelsis |-stalses -'staelsiz
peristaltic jpera'staeltik |-ally -li, -ikli

peritoneum, -nae- ^perata'niam |-nea, -naea

is often

peritonitis jperata'naitis

periwig 'pera^wig j-ged -d

periwinkle 'pErajWiijk} |-d -d

ES

perfunctory pa^'fAoktari;

pa-;

|-rily

-rah,

Perizzite 'pera^zait

perjure 'pydsa^;

-rili

ES pa-; |-s -iz

Pergamum 'pygamam; ES 'psg-,
perfuse pa^'fjuz, -'fiuz;

-d

|-d

'pyg-;

pergola 'pygala;

ES

perhaps pa^'haeps,

ES

praeps;

pa-

'haeps, pa'raeps, praeps

peri 'piri, 'piri

pericarditis jperikar'daitis;

pericardium /peri'kardiam;

ES
ES

'psdjaCr, 'pydsaCr; |-d -d

perjurer 'ps^dsara^;

ES

ES

'psd3ara(r, 'pyd3ara(r

psk, pyk; |-ed

1-cy -I |-nent -nant

-ka:-'ka:d-; |-dia

permanganate py'maeggajnet; ES
permeability jpymia'bilati;

-dia
Pericles 'pEtajkliz

|-'s

permeable 'pymiabl;

-iz |-ean jpera'klian

ES

ES

ps-,

py-

jps-, ^py-

'ps-, 'py-; 1-bly -bli

permeance 'pymians; ES

perigee 'pera^dsi

'ps-,

'py-;

|-ant

-ant

perihelion jperi'hilian

permeate 'ps^mi^et;
Permiak 'pymijaek;

peril 'peral |-ed -d |-ous -as

perimeter pa'rimata^;

-t

ES 'psk-, 'pykPerkins 'pykinz; ES 'psk-, 'pyk-; ]-'s -iz

perlite 'pylait; ES 'psl-, 'pylpermanence 'pymanans; ES 'psm-, 'pym-;
Perkin, p- 'pykin;

'psg-, 'pyg-

pa^'aeps,

ES

|-ring -dsarig, -dsrig |-ry -i, -dsri

perk pyk;

|-amus -mas |-ainus's -masiz

ES

-'rimata(r

perimetric geom. /p8ra'mtrik

|-al -1 |-ally -ji,

-ikh

ES
ES

'ps-, 'py-; |-d -id

'ps-, 'py-; |-ian -lan

ES paES pa-; |-bly -bli

permission pa^'mijan; ES pa-; |-sive -'misiv
permit n 'leave' 'pymit, pa^'mit; ES 'ps-, 'py-,
permissibility pa^jinisa'bilati;

permissible p'misabl;

perimetric anat. jpEra'mitrik |-trium -triam

perineum jptra'niam |-nea

period 'piriad,

-'nia

pa-

'pir-, -riid

periodic jpiri'adik, ipir-;

ES+-'Dd-;

|-al

-j

See in full 3^7.

V pa^'mit;

ES

pa-; |-ted -id

ES paES ^ps-, ipyES pa-; |-d -id

permutation jpymja'te/an;

periodicity jpiria'disati, ^pir-

periosteum jptri'astiam;

permit

permit n 'potnpano' pa^'mit;

-ally -li, -ikli

I

|bath baeO;

-1

|-al

-ikli

-'niali

heard (121).

Key:

-d

-'nia |-neal, -naeal -'nial |-neally, -naeally

pa-

perfumery pa^'fjuman, -mri, -'fium-; ES pa-;

-A

-n

-iz |-d

|-s

peristyle 'pEra^stail

sometimes heard {121).

ES

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

|-ly -i |-ry

periphrasis pa'rifrasis -rases -ra^slz

periphrastic

pa'fekt, 'psf-. 'p3"f-; |-ed -id

periostitis jperias'taitis; ES-i--ds-

peripatetic /perapa'tetik

-itori; |-rily -rail, -rili

perennial paVsnial

-ans

permute

324

ES + -'ds-;

|-tea -tia

permute pa^'mjut, -'miut;

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet Jt |sang saeg langr}^ 'aeo'gri
baO (10) |ah a [far far |watch watf, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa Igorge gards |go go

Pernambuco

pervade

325

Pernambuco ipynam'bjuko,

-'biu-;

ES

jps-,

personable 'pysnabl, 'ps'sna-;

ES

'p3- 'p^"-;

ES

'p3-, 'p3"-;

l-bly -bli

pernicious pa^'ni/as;

pernickety pa^'nikiti;
perorate 'p^rajtet

ES paES pa-

personage 'pysnids, 'ps^snids;

|-S

jpEroVe/an

|-d -id |-tion

ES + -'rDks-; |-ide
perpend n 'pypand; ES ^p3-, 'ps^perpend v pa^'p^nd; ES pa-; |-ed -id
peroxid pa'raksid;

perpendicular

ES 'p3-.
ES jp3-,

personal 'p^'snl, 'p^'snal;

personality jps'sn'aelati;

ES

personalty 'pysnjti;

ES

perpendicularity jpypan^dikjaUaerati, jpypm-;

ES

perpetrate 'pypa^tret;

'p3- 'p^'-; |-d -id

ES

perpetration jpypa'trej"an;

perpetual pa^'p^t/ual;

pa-, -jnnn-

ES

personate 'pysn^et;

'p3-, 'py-; |-d -id

ES

|-es

-iz

ES

personnel jpysn'el;
jp3-,

|-ed

-t

ES

jpyspi'kjuati,

ES 'p3-, 'p3'Perse, p- ps^s; ES p3s, pys; |-s -iz

per se 'py'si; ES 'p^-, 'p^'persecute 'ps'sijkjut, -jkiut; ES 'p3->

perspiratory

persalt 'py^salt;

pa^'spairaytori,

ES

perspire pa^'spair;
'p?-;

persecution jpysi'kjujan, -'kiu-;

ES

jps-, ^ps^-

ES

jp3-,

ES paES pa-; j-'s -iz

'pysias; ES 'p3s-,

ES

pert pyt;

Persepolis pa^'sepalis;

pertain pa^'ten;
'ps^s-;

|-seus' -sjus, -las

;p3'-

-jtari;

ES

pa-

ES

pa-; |-bly -bli

pa-; |-d -id

ES pa-; |-bly -bli

ES pa-; |-sive -siv

persuasible pa^'swesabl;

persuasion pa^'swesan;

'p3-, 'ps^-

Persephone pa^'sefani;

Perth pyG;

pat,

ES

pyt

ES

pa-; |-ed -d

p36, py0; -shire

|

-/ir, -/a^;

ES

-/ia(r, -/a(r

perseverance ^pysaVirans;

ES

persevere jpysaVir;

ES

Perth Aniboy 'pyO'aembai

jps-, ^py-

jp3saVia(r, jpysa-

Via(r; |-d -d

pertinacious

jpytn'e/as;

ES
ES

'paG-, 'pyGipst-,

)pyt-

|-acity -'aesati

ES

Persia 'p^sa, 'psj'a;

V^-*

ES

'p^'sijflas;

ES

pertinence 'pytnans;

'p3-, 'ps'-

ES

'p^"-; |-n

'pa-,

'p^"-;

'pat-, 'pa^t-; |-cy -i

|-ent -ant

-n

{Fr

perturb pa^'tyb;

ES

pa 'tab, pa'tyb; |-ed -d

|-edly -idli

pErsi'fla:3)

persimmon pa^'siman; ES papersist pa^'zist, -'sist;

ES

perturbation ipa-ta^'be/an;

pa-; |-ed -id

persistence pa^'zistans, -'sist-;

ES

pa-; |-nt

ES

Peru pa'ru, pa'riu

Perugino jperu'dsino, ^perju-

^pata-, jpyta-

{It

jperu'dsimo)

peruke pa'ruk, pa'riuk

-nt

ES paES 'p3-, 'pyES pa-; |-nae

persnickety pa^'snikiti;

peruse pa'ruz, -'riuz;

person, P- 'pysn;

Peruvian pa'ruvian,

persona pa^'sona;
Ifull

ES

pa'spaia(r; |-d -d

persuadable pa^'swedabl;

persuade pa^'swed;

persiflage

ipy-;

E + -jtari

'spaira^tori,

l-d -id

'ps'/ii);

-'kiu-;

ES paES jp3-,

perspiration ipyspa 're/an;

Pershing

jp3-,

'p3-, 'ps'-

perspicuous pa^'spikjuas;

Perseus 'p3'S3us,

ES

|-cacity -'kaesati

Perry, p- 'pen

ES

pa-; |-d -d

^pyspi'ke/as;

Perrault pe'ro

Perseid 'p^'siid;

pa'san-, -'san-;

jps-, ^py-

perspective pa^'spektiv;

perspicuity

ES

pa-

-tied -jfaid

|-edly -idli |-ity -ati

perquisite 'pykwazit;

ES

perspicacious
pa-;

ES

personify pa^'sana^fai;

jps^-

ES

/P3-, jp3"-

pa^jsanafa'ke/an;

personification

perpetuate pa^'petju^et;

perplex pa^'pleks;

jpy-

jsana-, -jSnna-

jps-, ,py-

ES pa-; |-ly -i
ES pa-; 1-d -id
perpetuation pa^jpet/u'ejan; ES paperpetuity jpypa'tjuati, -'tiu-, -'tu-; ES

pa-

1-ly -i

'p3-, 'py-

personation ypa^sn'e/an;

jP3-, jpy-

'p^-;

persona non grata py'sonajnan'greta, -'grata;

ES

iPspan'dikjalaCr, jpspm-, ^py-

ES

ES

persona grata pa^'sona'greta, -'grata;

-aid

/pypm-;

jpypan'dikjala',

-IZ

tooth tuG further

ful
I

pervade p'ved;

-ni

'fytSa^;

ES

ES

|-s

-iz |-d -d |-sal -1

-'riu-

pa'ved;

|-d -id

'faSa Icustom 'kAstam |while hwail |how

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij" |vision 'vi3an

hau

|toy tai

|Eden 'idn |cradle 'kredl |keep 'em 'kipm

phantasma

326

pervasion

ES pa-; |-sive -siv

ES pa'vss, pa'vys; |-sion

pervasion pa^'vesan;
perverse pa^'v^s;

ES

Petrarchal pi'trarkl;

-'tra:kl,

jizam

-33n, -Jan

ES

perversity pa^'vysati;

paVss-, pa'vys-;

petrel 'petral

petrifaction jpetra'faek/an

|-ive -IV

pervert n 'p^vyt;

pervert v pa^'vyt;

pervious 'p^'vias;

ES 'p^vst, 'pyvyt
ES paVst, pa'vs^t;
ES 'p3-> 'p^"-

petrification jpEtrafa'keJan
|-ed -id

petrify 'petra^fai |-fied -;faid

Petrograd 'ptra,graed

peseta pa'seta, -'seta {Sp pe'seta)

petrography pi'tragrafi, -'trng-

pesky 'pski

petrol 'petral |-ed -d

peso 'peso

petrolatum jpEtra'letam

pessimism 'pesa/inizam |-mist -mist

petroleum, P- pa'troham

pessimistic jpEsa'mistik

petrologic /petra'ladsik;

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

ES + -'lDd3-;

petrology

Pestalozzi ^pesta'latsi; ES+-'lDtsi

'pesta^;

ES

'psta(r;

-d

j-ed

Petronius pi'tronias

pesthouse 'pest^haus

petrous 'pEtras, 'pitras

pestilential jpestl'EnJal |-ly

'pestl

Petruchio pa'truki,o, -'triuk-, -kjo

-iz |-ent -ant

|-s

petticoat 'peti^kot |-ed -id |-ism -kotjizam

-i

-d |-ling -ig, -slig,

|-d

pettifog 'pEtijfag, -jfog, -jfag |-ged -d |-gery

-an,

-stho

-ri

pet pt Ipetted 'petid

pettish

Petain Fr pe't^

pettitoes 'peti^toz

petal 'petj |-ed -d

-iz

|-'s

Petroskey pi'traski, -'trns-

|-ses -ziz

pestiferous pes'tifaras, -fras

pestle 'pesi,

petty

)-less 'pctllis

'petij*

'pEti |-ily -li, -ili

Petaluma jpetl'uma

petulance 'pet/alans |-cy

ES -'ta:d, E + -'ta:d
petcock 'petjkak; ES + -jkDk
peter, P- 'pita^; ES 'pita(r; |-ed -d

petunia pa'tjunja, -'tiun-, -'tun-, -nia

petard pi'tard;

Peterboro, -borough 'pita^jbyo, -a;

Petworth

pew

ES

'pita-

Petersburg 'pita^z^byg;

ES

'pitaz^bag, -taz-

pewee

Petersen, -son 'pita^sn;

'pita/am;

ES

ES

pewter

'pita-;

Engd, Austral

Both 'pita^Zjhaem and

'pitajam are spelling proniincialions.' The

traditional pron. is 'pita^zam.

ES

|-e

ES

'pjuta^, 'piu-;

-ta(r

'pjutara^, 'piu-;

'fenig

ES

-tara(r

|-s

-z

Phaedo 'fido
Phaedra 'fidra |Phaedrus
Phaethon 'feaOan, 'featn
phagocyte

petit 'pti Ipetite pa'tit

phalange 'faelands, fa'laends

petition pa'ti/an |-ed -d [-ing -'tijanii), -Jnii)

phalanx, P- 'felaegks

|-ary -/ajneri

phallus

'pito

-jizam

Key:

-'tDS-

-tra:k,

E+-tra:k; |-ism

|-ist -ist

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

'faegajsait

phallic 'faebk

ES

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'pfenix

'fidras |-s's -drasiz

petiole 'pEtijol |-d -d

Petrarch 'pitrark;

{Ger

-niga, -nija)

phaeton, P- 'featn

petiolate 'ptiajet |-lated -^letid

Petoskey pa'taski,

-wa6, 'petaO

'piwi

pfennig 'pfenig,

'pitasn

'pita'Zjhaem,

'petwa^G, 'petaG;

-lant

'piwit, 'pjuit, 'piuit

pewterer

ibyg

-i |-lant

pju, piu |-ed -d

pewit

jbsr-, -jbAt-, -jby-

Petersham Mass

|-gist

petronel 'petranal

'pEstrig, 'pestarig

pestilence 'pestlans

ES-h-'trol-;

pi'traladsi;

-dsist

1-ing

pesthole 'pest^hol

Peto

|-al -I

-ally -h, -ikli

pest pst

pester

E + -'tra:kl;

|-chan -kan |-chian -kian |-chianism -kian-

|-al -1

-iz

fa'laendsiz

|-ism 'faelojSizam

'faelas |-es -iz

[-li

-lai

phanerogam 'faenara,gaem
phantasm 'faentaezam
phantasma faen'taezma |-s

'piti (6)

|-s

|-es -iz |-nges

|-ic

jlaenara'gsemik

-z |-mata

-mata

|rate ret |yet ]^i |sang saeg |angr>^

far |watch watj,

wntj (12) |jaw dsa

'ag-gn

|gorge gards |go go

phantasmagoria
phantasmagoria jfaentaezma'gona,
-'gor-;

1-1 -1

-'g3r-;

|-ally -li, -ikli

Pharisaism 'faerascjizam

E + jfarma-;

ES

-'siu-, -'su-;

ES

fai-

ES

philharmonic, P- jfila^'manik, ^filhar-;

-ikh

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

'farmasist;

philatelist fa'laetlist |-ly -tli

Philemon fa'liman,

|-ist -jse-ist

-si^izam

'faera^si |-ism

pharmaceutic jfarma'sjutik,

E+

'fa:ma-,

E + -ha:-

-'mnn-,

ifila-, tiiUia:-,

Philip 'filap [Philippa fa'bpa |-pan fa'hpan

Philippi fa'lipai, 'fila,pai;

WVa

-'lipi, 'filapi

Philippians fa'lipianz |-pic fa'lipik

'fa:ma-

pharmacology jfarma'kaladsi; ES jfa:ma'kal-, -'knl-,

E + /fa:ina-

pharmacopoea

Philippine 'fila^pin

Philippsburg 'filaps^byg;

ES

jfarmaka'pia;

jfaim-,

E + ifa:mES

'farm-,

Philipsburg 'filaps^byg;

ES

Phihstia fa'bstia

'fa:pa:(r.

E + -a:-

-jbsg, -jbyg;

-iz

|-'s

E + 'fa:m-

Pharpar, -phar 'farpar, -far;

ES

{Ger 'fi:lipSjburk)
Philips, -pps 'filaps

pharma,cy 'farmasi;

-fa:(r,

|-al

Philario fi'larijO, -rjo

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

Pharisaic, p- jfaera'scik

jfarma-,

ES + -'OrDp-;

-h, -ikli

philanthropist fa'laenOrapist |-py -pi

'fero, 'fe-, -ri^o

pharmacist

-'Iaenda(r; |-ed -d

-'laendang

philanthropic ^filan'Orapik;
-1 l-ally

phantom 'faentam

Pharisee

ES

philander, P- fa'laenda';
|-ing -'laendrit),

l-lly -li

phantasmic faen'taezmik |-al -1

phantasy 'faentasi, -zi |-ied -d

Pharaoh

Phlegethon

327

ES

-^bsg, -;byg

Phihstine, p- fa'listin, 'filas^tin, 'filas^tain

ES 'farsa-, E + 'fa:safar'seha; ES fa-, E + fa-; |-n -n

Pharsala 'farsala;

Philistinism, P- fa'kstinjizam, 'filastinjizam

Pharsalia

Phillips, -pps 'filaps

pharyngeal fa'rindsial,

Philhs 'fibs

jfaerin'dsial

l-'s

ES

-jbsg, -jbs^g

-IZ

Phillpot 'filpat

pharynges faVindgiz
pharyngitis jfaenn'dsaitis

Philo 'failo

pharyngoscope fa'rioga^skop
pharynx 'faerigks i-es -iz |-rynges fa'rmdsiz

philogynist

phase fez [phases

-iz

|-'s

PhiUipsburg 'filaps^byg;

pharyngal fa'riggl

philologic

phasis 'fcsis phases 'fesiz

ES + -'lDd3-; |-ny-ni
ES -'lalad3a(r, -'Inl-;

'ladsanist;

|-gist -d3ist i-gy

phased fezd

'feziz

philologer fi'loladsa^;

-dsi

jfila'ladsik;

ES + -'lDd3-;

|-al

-j

pheasant 'feznt
Phebe, p-

|-ally -li, -ikli

philomel, P- 'fila^mel |Philomela yfila'mila

'fibi

Phelps felps

|-'s

philopena ^fila'pina

-iz

philosopher fa'lasafa^;

phenacetin, -e fa'naesatin

phenazin 'fenazin

l-phy

|-zine -^zin, -zin

Phenician fa'ni/an, fa'nijan

phenix, 'finiks

|-es -iz

phenol

-nol,

|-s

philosophize fa'lasajfaiz; ES+-'1ds-;

-nal,

-nol

|-phthelein

|-mena -mana
phew f ju, fiu, pf ju
phi Gk letter f ai

-iz

Philostratus fi'lastratas; ES-i--'1ds-;

Philotus

fi 'iotas |-'s

|-'s

-iz

-iz

Philpot, -pott, -putt 'filpat

b' various other pitjfs

fail, 'faial |-ed

philter, -tre

'filta^;

ES

'filta(r; |-(e)d

-d I-(r)ing

-tang, -tnij

Phineas 'finias

-d

Phi Beta Kappa 'faijbeta'kaepa,

-'s -iz

|-n

|-'s

-iz

phlebitis fb'baitis, fk-

-^bita-

phlebotomy fb'batami. He-; ES-h-'bot-

|-an -an

Philadelphia jfila'delfja, -fia

|full

|-s

l-d-d
Philostrate 'fila^stret

-'eaelin

Phidias 'fidias

|-ly -i.

-ikli

-z

phenomenal fa'namanl; ES-h-'nom-; |-ly -i

phenomenon fa'namajnan; ES-h-'nomajnon;

phial

-'lasafa(r, -'Ids-;

philosophical jfila'safikl; ES-i--'sDf-;

Phenicia fa'm/ia, -/a

'final,

ES

-fi

Phlegethon 'fkga^Gan, -^eon

-n

ful |tooth tu0 [further 'fytSa^;

ES

'fstJa

jcustom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipni

phlegm
Those words below in which the a sound

phlegm

phylloxera

328
is spelt

fkm

phlegmatic fkg'maetik

[-al -1 |-ally -li |-icly

photogenic jfota'dsEnik

photograph

-ikk

phloem 'floem

and

-ikh

|-ally -li,

E + -jgraf,

'fotajgraef;

photographer

-igraf;

-izam

-ik |-ism

|-ic

fa'tagrafa^,

-Ung-;

fo-,

Phocian 'fo/an |Phocis

|-ist -ist

'fosis |Phocis' -sis

Phoebe, p- 4ibi Phoebus

|

'fibas

-bus's -basiz

Phoenicia fa'ni/ia, -/a

photographic ^fota'graefik

|-s

photogravure

jfotagra'vjur,

photolithograph

-z

phonation fo'ne/an

-^grevja^;

ES

-'tamata^r; |-try

-tri

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

photometric ^fota'metrik

|-ally

-1

|-al

photon 'fotan
photoplay 'fota,ple

|-tist -tist

phonic 'fanik, 'fon-

photosensitive jfota'sEnsativ

phonodeik 'fona^daik

photospectroscope jfota'spektrajskop

phonogram 'fonajgraem
phonograph 'fonajgrasf; E + -jgraf,
phonographic jfona'graefik

photosphere

|-ally -ji,

'fota^sfir;

ES

-jsfia(r,

-ikh

photostatic jfota'staetik

|-ally

photosynthesis jfota'sinOasis

phonological jfona'ladsikl

phototropism fo'tatrajpizam

|-ly -i, -ikli

phonologist fo'naladgist |-gy -dsi

phototype

phosgene 'fasdjin

phrasal 'frezl -ly

-d -id

|-tic

S + -isfea(r

photostat, P- 'fota^staet |-ed -id

-jgraf

phonography fo'nagrafi, -'nng-

-h, -ikh

'fota^taip
-i

phrase frez |phrases 'freziz Iphrased frezd

fas'faetik

phosphid 'fasfid

|-fide -faid, -fid

phraseological ^frezia'ladjikl

phosphin 'fasfin

|-fine -fin, -fin

phraseologist ^frezi'aladsist |-gy -dsi

phrenetic fri'netik

phosphite 'fasfait

phosphore

ES

ES

-foa(r,

E + -faa(r

Phrygia

'fridsia |-n -n

Phrynia

'frinia

phosphoric fas'farik,

phthisic 'tizik

-s -iz |-d -t
|

-'far-, -'for-, -'for-

phosphorous 'fasfaras, fas'foras, EN+-'farphosphorus, P- 'fasfaras |Phosphori 'fasfajiai

phot

'foto |-ed -d |-ing 'fotawig

photochemist jfotaMiEinist -ry

|-al -1

spelling of

Phthisic

ME

is

a 16c pedan-

tisik that little aj'ected

the pronunciation. Phthisis is learned Latin.

photoelectric jfoto-i'kktrik

|-al

-1

ft, f At, fat, etc.

Phyfefaif

-ri

photodrama jfota'drama, -'draema

photodynamics ,fotadai'naemiks

phylactery fa'laektari, -tn

Phyle
|-ally -li.

-ikh

'faili

Phyllis 'fihs

l-'s

-IZ

phylloxera fi'laksara, jfilak'srra

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

tic

phut intj
Phut f At

photic 'fotik |-tism -tizam

Key:

-d3i

phthisis 'Gaisis

fat, fot

photo

-h, -ikh

fri- |-gy

phrensy 'frEnzi -led -d

phosphorescence ,fasfa'resns -scent -snt

phosphoresce jfasfaVes

-ikh

|-ly -i,

|-al -1 |-ally

phrenologist frE'naladsist,

'fasfa(r

'fasfor, -far;

-li.

-ikh

phoneticist fo'nEtasist, fa-

phonetism 'fona^tizam

ES

jfotali'eagrafa--, -'Gog-;

photometer fo'tamata^;
|-ly -li

phonetician jfona'ti/an

'fasfa';

ES

-f3(r

phoneme 'fonim

phosphor

-li.

E+-jgraf,

jfotaUiOaigraef;

photolithographer

phone fon [phoned fond

phonetic fo'netik, fa-

|-ally

-igraf; |-ed -t

|-es -iz

phonemic fo'nimik

-1

|-al

-ikh

-VjuaCr, -'grevjaCr

Phoenician fa'niXan, fa'ni/an

phoenix, P- 'finiks

'fasfet

ES

-fa(r; |-phy -fi

phlox flaks -es -iz

phosphate

-d

|-d

l-ed -t

phlogistic flo'dsistik |-al -1 |-ton -tan

phobia 'fobia

o are often pronounced with d in

photoengrave jfoto-in'grev

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet JEt |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

329

phylon
Those words below in which the a sound

phylon

phylum 'faibm phyla

'failan

is spelt

'faila

-t |-al -1 |-ally

-h,

ikh

pick pik [picked pikt |-edly -idli

pickaninny 'pika^nini

physician fa'zi/an |-ed -d

Pickaway 'pika^we

physicist 'fizasist

physiocrat 'fizi3jkraet

pickax, -e 'pik^aeks |-(e)s -iz |-(e)d

jfizia'kraetik

|-ic

physiogenetic jfizi^odsa'netik

Pickens 'pikinz

physiogeny jfizi'adsani -genie -o'dstnik

pickerel 'pikaral, 'pikral

physiognomy jfizi'agnami, -'anami

physiographer

-faCr;

picket 'pikit |-ed -id Pickett 'pikit

|

pickle,

-fi
|-al

-I

-iz

|-'s

Pickering 'pikariQ, 'pikrig

ES

^fizi'agrafa^, -'og-;

physiographic jfizia'graefik

-t

picked adj 'pointed' 'pikid, pikt

physiogenesis ^fizio'dgenasis

|-ally -!^

P-

'pikl |-d -d |-ling 'pikbg, -kliii

picklock 'pikjlak

pickpocket 'pik^pakit |-ed -id

-ikli

physiologic ^fizioladsik

|-al -j |-ally -li, - ikb

physiologist jfizi^abdsist |-gy

pickthank 'pik^Gaegk
pickup 'pikjAp

-A'51

physiotherapist jfizio'Oerapist |-py -pi

Pickwick 'pikwik

physique

picnic,

fi'zik |-d -t

|-ian

pik'wikian

P- 'piknik |-icked

-t

Pico isL, vole, It count 'piko; Vt

phytogenesis jfaito'dsenasis

phytogenetic jfaitodsa'netik

j-al -1 |-ally -ii,

nit.

'paiko

picot 'piko
picric 'pikrik

-ikli

phytogenic jfaito'dsemk

phytology fai'tabdsi

picrite 'pikrait

Pict pikt

|-gist -dsist

pictograph 'pikta^graef; E+-jgraf, -jgraf

pi pai

pia mater 'paia'meta-;

ES

pictorial pik'torial, -'tor-; S -'tor-; |-ly -i

-'met3(r

picture 'pikt/a-;

pianissimo jpia'nisajino {It pja'nissijmo)

'pbmst

pianist pi'aenist,

piano n pi'aeno,

piano

and S

pi '/an, -'/on

pickaback 'pika^baek

-s

|-phy

o are often pronounced with d in

Pichon

physic 'fizik |-icked

|-s

Pierre

-a, lessfreq.

'soft,' 'softly'

pianoforte
-,io3-,

-t/3(r; |-d -d |-ring 'pik-

picturesque jpiktja'resk

pi'ano

pi'ano {It 'pia:no)

pi'aenajfort,

ES

tjarig, 'pikt/rig

-jforti,

picul 'pikAl

-jfar-;

ES

E + -,h3-

piddle 'pidl |-d -d |-ling 'pidhg, 'pidlig

piddling adj 'pidhg

pianola jpia'nob

pidgin English, pigeon 'pid3in'igglij'

piaster, -tre pi'aesta^;

ES

pie pai Ipied paid;

-'aestaCr

Sp

meas. pje,

Piatt 'paiat

pie It meas. pje. It pi 'pje:-!

piazza pi'aeza {It 'pjattsa)

piebald 'pai^bald

pibroch 'pibrak {Sc -brox)

piece pis |pieces 'pisiz |-d

pica, P- 'paika

piece de resistance

-t

Sp

pi pjes

|-meal -^mil

picador 'pika^dar;

Fr pjesdarezis'tSis
piecework 'pis^wyk; ES -^wsk, -jwyk

Picardy 'pika-di;

pied paid

ES -^dD3(r
ES 'pikadi

picaresque jpika'resk

piedmont, P- 'pidmant

picaroon jpika'run

piedmontese, P- jpidman'tiz

picayune jpiki'jun, ^piki'un, jpika'jun

pieplant 'paijplaent

ES

Piccadilly jpika'dili ('Piccajdilly 'Circus)

pier pir;

piccalilli jpika'lili

pierce,

piccaninny

Pierian pai'irian

'pikajiiini

S+pE3(r;

pi3(r,

P- pirs;

ES

Pierpont 'pirpant;

Piccolomini jpika'lomani {It jpikko'b:mini)

Pierre

pice pais
|full

fu! |tooth tue [further 'fytSa';

pir;

pi'er, pjer;

ES

ES

[Eden

'Peter'

-E3(r

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan

|-s -iz |-d -t

ES 'piapant
ES pi3(r, S+p3(r;

piccolo 'pika^lo

SD

|-ed -d

pias, S + p3s;

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

Pierrot ipia'ro {Fr pje'ro)

Plowman

Piers

Pinkerton

330

Pierrot

-ban

Pillsbury 'pilzjberi,

ES

'pirz'plauman;

'piaz-,

S + 'p3z-

pilose 'pailos
pilot 'pailat j-ed -id

ES

Pierson 'pirsn;

'p^^sn, S

pietism, P- 'p^iajtizam

+ 'p^^sn

pilothouse 'pailatjhaus [-houses -jhauziz

Pilsen 'pilzn

|-tist -tist |-ty -ti

|-er -zna^, -sna^, -na^;

pietistic ^paia'tistik |-al -1 |-ally -jr, -ikli

Pilsudski pil'sutski, -'sAdski

piezoelectricity paijizo-ijlek'trisati

Piltdown 'piltjdaun

piffle 'pifl |-d

piffling adj 'piflig

pig pig Ipigged pigd |-pen -iPn |-skin -^skin

-A^m-;

ES

|-ery -an,

-n

-d [-ply -ph, -pji

P-

pinafore,

'pinajfor,

ES

-jfar;

-jfoa(r,

E + -/f3a(r

pigeonhole 'pidjan^hol, 'pidsin- [-holed -^hold

pigeon-livered

|-d

pin pin [pinned prnd

cf pidgin

'pidsan'hartid,

E + -iha:t-

-'ha:t-,

pimp pimp [pimped pimpt

pimple 'pimpl

|-sty -^stai |-tail -^tel

pigeonhearted

-3(r

pimento pi'mento [pimiento pim'jento

pimola pi'mola

-d -ling 'pi^^O> 'pifj^O

pigeon 'pidsan, 'pi^sin

ES

'pidsanUiva^d,

-dsin-;

ES

pince-nez 'paens^ne, 'pins-

pincers

-'livad

\pl

-nez -^nez {Fr

pies'ne)
'pinsa'z;

ES

'pinsaz;

cf

pinchers.

ME

pynsours and is rare in

from
Am use. The usual word 'pint/a^z is from
pinch, and is not a jjtistake for pincers.

pigeon-toed 'pidsan^tod, 'pidsin-

'pinsa- z is

piggery 'pigari
piggin 'pigin, -an

pinch

piggy Vi^i -back -^baek

pintj" [pinches 'pintjiz

[pinched pint/t

pigheaded 'p^^'h^did ('pig-headed 'lout)

pigment 'pigmant |-ed -id |-ary 'pigman^tEn

pinchbeck 'pintjbek

pigmentation jpigman'tejan

pinch-hit

fi

Pigmy, p- 'pigmi

pinch-hit

v 'pintj'hit, -Jiit

pignut
pike,

-d

|-ied

Pinckney 'pigkni

P- paik piked paikt

|

Pikes Peak 'paiks'pik

Pindar 'pmda^;

ES + -jStaf,
ES -'laest3(r;

pikestaff 'paik^staef;

|-ed -d |-ing

'pinda(r

Pindarus 'pindaras

[-al -1 j-ally -li, -ikli

[-'s

-iz

pindling 'pindlig

Pindus 'pindas

Pilate 'pailat

ES

pilchard 'piltja-d;

pine,

'pilt/ad

ES

[-'s

-iz

P- pain [pined paind [-ny

-i [-ville -vil;

S + -vl

piled paild

pilfer 'pilfa-;

ES

pindaric, P- pm'dierik

-jStaf

-tarii), -trig

[-ville -jVil; S-i--vI

pincushion 'pin^ku/an, -in

piked adj ^^aiVxA, paikt

pile pail

'pint/az; see pincers

'pint/jhit

Pinchot 'pinjo, 'pintjo

'pigiiiAt, 'pignst

pilaster pa'laesta';

ES

pinchers 'pintja-z;

-f3(r;

|-ed -d

|-ing

-fang,

pineal 'pinial [-ism -jizam

pineapple 'pain^apl

-frig

pilgrim 'pilgrim,

-am

Pinero pa'niro, -'niro, -'nero

|-ed -d

pilgrimage 'pilgramids

|-s

pinetum pai'nitam

-iz

pinfeather

pilled pild

pill pil
I

pillage 'pilid3
pillar 'pila';

|-s

ES

-z |-ta -ta

ES

-jfetJacr; [-ed

-d

pinfold 'pin^fold [-folded -^foldid

-iz |-d -d

'pila(r; |-ed

pillbox 'pil;baks;

[-s

'pin^fe'Sa^;

ping pig [pinged pigd

-d

ES + -jbDks;

|-es -iz

pinge pinds [pinges 'pindsiz [pinged pindsd

pilledness 'pilidnis, 'pildms

ping-pong, P- 'pig^pag, -^pog, -;pag [-ed -d

piUion 'piljan |-ed -d

pinhead 'pinched

pillory 'pilari |-ied -d

pinhole 'pin^hol -holed -^hold

[-ed -id

pillow 'pilo, -a |-ed -d |-ing 'pilawig

pinion 'pinjan [-ed -d

pillowcase 'pilojkes, 'pila-

pink pigk [pinked pigkt

pillowy 'pilawi

Key; See

-iz

Pinkerton 'pigka^tn;

ES

'pigkatn

bee bi [pit}' 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet Jt [sang sg jangiy 'aeg-gn
baO (10) [ah a [far far [watch watj", wot/ (12) jjaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

|-s

Pinkney
Pinkney 'p^okni
pinnace

placebo

331

|-d

-d |-ling -kjiQ,

-klirj

pistachio pis'ta/ijO, -'tae/-

pistareen jpista'rin

'pinit

pinochle, -cle 'pi^nAkl

piiion 'pinjan, 'pinjon

pistil 'pistl, -til [-late -it, -jCt

{Am Sp

pistol,

pi'jion)

P-

pistole pis'tol

pintail 'pin^tel [-tailed -/teld

piston 'pistn, -tan

pintle 'pinti

pit pit [pitted 'pitid

pinto, P- 'pinto

pitapat 'pita;piEt,

ES

ipaia'niaCr,

S + -'n3(r;

-d

'pistl |-ed

pint paint

pioneer jpaia'nir;

-jmai3(r; |-ism -mai-

jrizam

-iz

|-s

pinnacle 'pinakl, -ikl

pinnate 'pinet,

ES

pismire 'pis^mair;

'p*nis, -as

'piti-

Pitcairn 'pitkern, -kern;

-kean,

ES

-kaean

pitch pitj [pitches 'pitjiz [pitched pitjt

l-ed -d

pious 'paias

pitchblende 'pit/^blEod

pip pip pipped pipt

pitch-dark 'pitj'dark;

pipage 'paipids

pitcher

ES

pipe paip Ipiped paipt

ES

'pit/a^;

ES

pitchfork 'pitj^fark;

|-ful -^ful

-'da:k,

E + -'da:k

'pitXa(r; [-ful -j.vl

-^faak

pipestem 'p^'PiStem
pipestone, P- 'paip^ston

piteous 'pitias

pipette, -pet pi'pet |-(te)d -id

pith pi9 [piths piGs pithed pi6t

pipit 'pipit

Pithecanthropus ^piGikaen'Oropas, -'kaenGra-

-d

pitfall 'pitjfal l-ed

pas

Pippa 'pipa

[-'s

-iz

pippin 'pipin

pitiable 'pitiabl [-bly -bli

pipsissewa pip'sisawa

pitiful 'pitifal [-ly -i

Piqua 'pikwa

Pitkin 'pitkin

piquancy 'pikansi [-quant -kant

pitman, P- 'pitman [pitmen 'pitman

|-s

-z [-s's -ziz

pique 'anger' pik [piqued pikt

pittance 'pitns

pique insect pik, 'pike

pitter-patter 'pita^^paeta^;

pique pi'ke

Pittsboro 'pitsjbyo,

piquet pi'kEt

[-s

-iz

-a;

ES 'pitajpaetaCr
ES -jbsr-, -jbAr-,

-iby-

Piraeus pai'rias

ES

Pittsburg, -gh 'pitsbyg;

piracy 'pairasi
|-'s

-bag, -byg

Pittsylvania jpitsl'venja, -ma, -sil-

-iz

Pirandello jpiran'delo {It jpiran'dello)

pituitary pi'tjuajteri, -'tiu-, -'tu-

pirate 'pairat, -rit [-d -id

pity

piratic pai'raetik [-al -1 [-ally

Pirithous pai'riGuss, Shak.

+ ^paiii,Qus

\-'&

-iz

-iz

|-al -I

[-ally -li

(pevet 1763)

pirouette ;piru'8t [-d -id

pix piks [pixes 'piksiz jpixed pikst

Pisa 'piz3 {It 'pi:sa)

pixilate 'piksl^et |-ed -id

Pisanio pi'zanijO, -njo

pis'kaetakwa,

[-'s

Piute pai'jut ('Pi^ute 'language)

pivot 'pivat, 'pivit |-ed -id

pirogue pa'rog, pi-

Piscataqua

'piti [pitied 'pitid

Pius 'paias

-li, -ikli

loc

+ ^kwe

|-quis

-kwis [-quog -jkwag, -jkwog

pixy, -ie 'piksi

Pizarro pi'zaro {Sp pi'Oarra)

piscatology jpiska'taladsi; ES+-'tDl-

placable 'plekabl, 'plaek- |-bly -bli

piscatorial jpiska'torial, -'tar-; S -'tor-

placard n 'plsekard;

Pisces 'pisiz \gen Pisciura 'pi/iam

placard

E + -a:d;

piscina pi'saina [piscinal 'pisinl

ES

'plaekard,

-a:d,

E+-a:d

pl'kard;

ES

-a:d,

|-ed -id

Pisgah 'pizga

placate 'pleket, 'plaek- j-d -id

pish n, V pij [pishes 'pi/iz [pished pi/t

placatory 'pleka^tori, 'plaek-, -/tan; S -,ton

pish intj pX, pif

Pisistratus pi'sistratas, pai-

place pies [places 'plesiz [placed plest

[full

|-'s

placebo pla'sibo

-iz

ful jtooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fstSa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Pleiad

332

placenta
placenta pla'senta

|-s

plasticity plaes'tisati

-z |-tae -ti

placer ^disposer' 'plesa^;

plat plaet Iplatted 'plastid

placer mining 'plaesa^;

ES 'ples3(r
ES 'plaes3(r

Plata 'plata {Sp 'plata)

Vl3es9(r; |-ville -jvil

plate plet |plated 'pletid

ES

Placer 'pl^sa^J

placid, P- 'plaesid |-ity pb'sidati, plae-

plateau plae'to

placket 'plaekit

platen 'plaetn
plater 'pleta^;

plagiarism 'pledsajtizam
plagiarize 'pledsa^raiz

pkg

plague pleg,

[-d

|-s

-iz |-d

-d |-guy

ES

|-ful -jful

'plct3(r

ES

platform 'p^aet/fDrm;

-d

see plait, pleat

-^foam; |-ed -d

platinum 'plaetnam |-tinous -tnas

-i

plagued adj 'plegid, 'pkg-

platitude 'plaetajtjud, -jtiud, -jtud

plaice pies [plaices 'p'esiz

platitudinous jplaeta'tjudnas, -'tiud-, -'tud-

plaid plaed |plaided 'p'aedid

Plato 'pleto -nism 'pletn^izam

plain plen plained plend |-ness 'plerinis

Platonic ple'tanik, pla-;

plainsman 'plenzman |-men -man

-1

platoon plae'tun, pb'tun

'plen'spokan

('plain-jspoken

'man)

Platte plaet

ES

platter 'plaeta^;

'plaetaCr

Plattsburg 'plaetsbyg;

plaint plent

ES

-bsg, -byg

Plattsmouth 'plaetsmaO

plaintive 'plentiv

plaintiff 'plentif

|-al

|-ally -li, -ikli

plainsong 'pl^O/Sag, -ysog

plain-spoken

|-nist -tnist

ES + -'tDn-;

platypus 'plaetapas

Plaisance pla'zans {Fr pk'za:s)

plaister 'plesta^;

ES

plait plet |-ed -id

and

plaet,

piit,

see plat, pleat.

are

plet

The words

sometimes spelt

a proper spelling for each.

plait, but there is

plan plaen [planned plaend

planchet

j-es -iz j-pi -jpai

plaudit 'pbdit

'plest3(r

plausibihty jpbza'bibti
plausible 'pbzabl |-bly -bli

Plautus 'pbtas

-iz |-tine -tain, -tin

|-'s

play pie |played pled |-boy -jboi |-day -jde

'p'aentjit

-fellow 'ple^fslo, -a [-ground -jgraund

planchette plaen'tXt {Fr pla'Jet)

playful 'plefal

Planck plagk

playhouse 'plcihaus

plane plen planed plend

plaything 'pkiOig |-time 'pleitaim

playwright

planet 'plasnit |-ary 'plaen3itri

planetarium jplaena'tEriam

-'taer-,

-'ter-

|-s

|-s

-ziz |-mate 'ple^met

'ple^rait

plaza 'plaeza, 'plaza {Sp 'plaGa)

plea

-z |-ria -ri3

|-ly -i

pli

planetesimal jplaeno't2S3mj

pleach

plangency 'plaendsansi |-gent -dsant

plank plaegk |planked plaegkt

plead plid [pleaded 'p^idid or plead, pled

pleasance 'pkzns |-sant -znt [-santry -zntri

plankton 'plaegktan

please pliz [pleases 'pliziz pleased plizd

Piano 'pleno
plant plaent;

plitj"

[pleaches 'plitjiz [-ed

plant; ]-ed -id

pleasure 'pkja^;

ES

pleat plit [-ed -id

pkb

'ple3a(r; j-d -d

see plat, plait

plantain 'plaentin

pleb

plantation plaen'te/an; S+plasnt'eJan

plebeian ph'bian [-ism -;izam

plantigrade 'pl^nta^gred

plebiscite 'pkba^sait, 'pkbasit

plaque plaek

plebs

plash plaej plashes 'p'ae/iz plashed plae/t

|

V'^sta^;

ES

'pl*st3(r,

-ed -d |-ing -trig, -tang

plastic 'plasstik |-ally -li, -ikli

Key:

P-

'plaesta^sin

[plebes 'plibiz

pkd
pledge pkds

j-s

-z j-tra -tra

E + 'plas-,

[pledges 'pkdsiz [pledged

pkdsd

pledget 'pkdjit

pledgee pkds'i
Pleiad 'pliad, 'plaiad

|-s

-z |-ades -a^diz

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang sag [angry 'aeg-gri
baO (10) [ah a [far far [watch watj", wotj (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards |go go

See in full 3~47.

[bath bieS;

pkbz

plectrum 'pkktram
pled

plasticine,

[plebe plib

plasm Vlaezam plasma 'plaezma

'plus-;

pkd

pleasurable 'pksrabl, -sarabi j-bly -bli

E + plant,

Plantagenet plaen'taedsanit

plaster

-t

Pocono

333

pleiosyllabic

Plumptre 'pUmptri

pleiosyllabic /plaiasi'laebik

plumule 'plun'JuU 'pbum'plumi, 'pbumi

pleiosyllable plurisyllable' 'plaiajSilabl

'

Pleistocene 'pl^istajsin

plumy

plenary

plunder

'plinari, 'pl^n-

'pl^nda-;

ES

-d3(r;

pknds [plunges 'pl^ndsiz

pUgk [plunked pkgkt

plenitude 'plena^tjud, -jtiud, -^tud

plunge

plenteous V^ntias

plunk

plentiful 'plentifal |-ly -i

Plunkett 'pkgkit

plenty 'pknti

pluperfect plu'ps^fikt, pbu-;

plenum 'plinam

|-s

pleonasm ^plhitisezam

-'paf-, -V^'f-;

plural 'plural, 'pliu- j-ly -i

-ikh

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

plethora 'pk^^rs

pbu-

plurality plu'raekti,

plurisyllabic jplurasi'laebik, ^pbu-

plethoric 'pkOarik, pk'earik, -'Gar-, -'Gorplethorical pk'GonkI, -'Gar-, -'Gor-

pleura 'plura, 'pliura

plexus 'pleksas

ES

-d

|-d

Cplujperfect 'tense)

-z |-na -na

pleonastic jplia'naestik

-d |-ing

|-ed

'pkndrig, 'p'^ndarig

plenipotentiary jplenapa'tenfan, -/ijn

|-1 -1

|-es -iz

plurisyllable 'plurajSikbl, 'phu-

pks [plusses 'pksiz [plussed pkst

pk/ [plushes 'pkjiz [plushed pk/t
Plutarch 'plutark, 'pbu-; ES -ta:k, E + -ta:k
plus

|-ly -i

plush

|-risy -rasi

\L pi -xus -ksas

pliability jplaia'bibti

Pluto 'pluto, 'pbu-

phable 'plaiabj |-bly

plutocracy plu'takrasi, pbu-; ES+-'tDk-

phancy

-bli

plutocrat 'plut3jkraet, 'phu-

'plaiansi |phant 'p'^iant

plutocratic jpluta'kraetik, ^pbu-

plicate 'p'aiket |-d -id

pUed plaid
pHers 'pkia'z;
plies

ES

Plutonian plu'tonian, pbu-

^plsa-sz

pkiz

plutonic plu'tamk; ES+-'tDn-

plight plait Iphghted 'plaitid

Plutus 'plutas, 'pbu-

Plinlimmon plin'liman
pHnth phnG |-ths -Gs

pluvial 'pluvial, 'pliu-

Pliny

'plini |Plinian

[-'s

t3(r,

ply pki [phed plaid

Plymouth 'pbmaG
PlynUmon pbn'bman
plywood 'pkijwud

-t

plosion 'plo33n |-sive -siv

ES+plot;

plover 'plAva';

ES

- Je9(r,

ES

- Jae3(r

ploy pbi ployed pbid

pkk [plucked pkkt

pkg Iplugged pkgd

pneumococcus
ES+-'kDk-;

^njuma'kakas,
j-cci

[-ally

-b.

^niu-,

^nu-;

-ksai

pneumonia nju'monja,
Po po

plugugly ipkgjAgh

^niu-, juu-

niu-, nu-,

-ma

poach potj [poaches 'pot/iz [poached pot/t

Pocahontas jpoka'hantas, -'hon- |-'s -iz

plum, P- pkin

plumage ^lumidg, 'pbum- |-s -iz |-d -d

Plumas 'plumas, 'pliumas |-'s -iz
plumb pkm [plumbed pkmd j-er -3^; ES
plumbago plAm'bego
plume plum, plium |-d -d |-d adj -d, -id
plumelet 'plumbt, 'phum-

plummet 'pkniit |-ed -id

plump pkmp [plumped pkmpt
ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytfa^;

-az

[-ers -a^z;

pneumogastric jnjuma'gaestrik,

[full

ES

-'ama-

-ikb

pluck
plug

ES

pneumatic nju'maetik, niu-, nu-

|-ted -id

'pUv3(r

plow, -ough plau |-ed -d |-share -Jer, -jjaer;

^pliu-;

-'om-

Pliocene V^i^i^in

plop plap; ES+plnp; |-ped

-iz

pluviometer jpluvi'amata^,

'pbnian

plod plad; ES+plod; |-ded -id

plot plat;

[-al -1 [-ally

-b, -ikb

ES

Pocatello jpoka'telo

pock pak; ES+pok;

-3(r

pocket 'pakit;

[-ed -t

ES + 'pok-;

-jbuk [-knife -^naif

-id

|-ed

j-book

[-ful -jful

pockmark 'pak^mark; ES 'pak^mark,

E + -jma:k
Pocomoke 'poka^mok
Pocono 'poka,no

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while bwail [how

bau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

'pok-.

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

polygamy

334

pod
Those words below in which the a soufid

pod pad |-ded

podgy 'pad3i

is spell

o are often pronounced with

polemic po'lemik

-id

d in

polestar 'pol^star;

podium 'podiam
Poe po

police pa'lis

|-dia -dia

|-s

ES

E + -jSta:(r

-jsta:(r,

-iz |-d -t |-man,

poem

'pO'"n> -^i"

poliomyelitis ^pabo^maia'laitis

'po'isi, -asi, -zi

polish 'pabj

'po-it, -at |-ry -ri

Polish 'pohj"

ES

'po-it^aesta', -at-;

poetic po'etik

|-s

Pogram 'po^r^ni
pogrom 'pogram,

politic 'pala^tik |-s -s |-ian ^pala'tijan

political pa'htikl |-ly -i, -ikli

-iz |-d -d

politico pa'litijko

'pag-,

po'gram.

'po^-j

polity 'palati

Polixenes pa'bksa^niz

-'grom

poh po

Polk pok;

poi p3i, 'po'i

polka

Poincare Fr pwka're

NEngd+^p'6-

'poka;

(46);

Poll, p- 'Folly' pa!

in

-iz;

(f/(5)

polkadot 'poka^dat

poilu 'pwalu, poi'lu {Fr pwa'ly)

|-'s

'polka,

-iz

|-'s

NEngd+p6k

l-ed -d

poignancy 'pamansi, -njansi j-ant -ant

{spelt

|-es -iz |-ed -t

polite pa'lait

-jaest3(r

|-al -j |-ally -|i, -ikli

poetize 'po-it^aiz

Poins painz

-men -man

policy 'palasi |-cied -sid

poesy

poetaster

and S

polenta po'knta

podiatry po'daiatn

poet

-h, -ikli

|-al -1 |-ally

Shak prob.

)aints

poll adj 'polled' pol

poll 'head,' 'cut,' 'vote' pol ]-ed -d

Pointz)

poinsettia, P- pain'sstia

pollack 'palak

point paint [pointed 'p^mtid

pollard,

point-blank 'paint'blaegk ('point-^blank 'aim)

pollen 'palan |-ed -d

Point Pelee

pollinate 'pala^net |-d -id |-tion jpala'nejan

P-

'pala^d;

ES

'palad; |-ed -id

'

'paint'pili

polliwog 'palijWQg, -jWDg

poise paiz poises 'paiziz poised paizd

|

poison 'paizn |-ed -d |-ing

pollock, P- 'palak

-znig

'p^i^nit),

pollute pa'lut, -'but |-d -id

poisonous 'p^iznas, 'p^iznas

Poitiers

ES

pai'tirz;

-'tiaz;

-iz

|-'s

{Fr

pollution pa'lujan, -'Iiu/an

Pollux 'palaks

pwa'tje)

|-'s

-iz

Poitou pai'tu (Fr pwa'tu)

Polly 'pab |-anna jpab'aena

poke pok Ipoked pokt Ipoky, -key poki;

\NEngd + p6k (46)
pokeberry 'pokjbEri, -ban; NEngd-\ 'pak-

poll3rvvog

'pabjwag, -jwog

polo, P- 'polo

polonaise ^pola'nez, jpala-

poker 'poka^;

ES

-ka(r; |-ing 'pokariij. -krig;

Polonius pa'lonias, -njas

|-'s

NEngd+^p6]i-{46)
Polack 'polaek, -lak

poltroon pal'trun |-ery -an,

polack, -lak 'balsa' po'lak

Polybius pa'bbias

Poland 'poland
polar

-iz |-d -d

|-s

polonium pa'loniam

(46)

'pola^;

ES

Polaris po'kris,

-iz

-ri

polyandrous jpab'aendras |-dry

|-er -landa-, -laen-;

ES

a(r

|-'s

Polycarp 'pab^korp;

ES

-jka:p, E-t--/ka:p

'pola(r; |-ity po'laerati

potychromatic ,palikro'mietik

-'laer-, -'ler-

polychrome 'pab^krom
Polycrates pa'bkra^tiz

polariscope po'laera^skop

polarize 'pobjraiz

|-s

-iz |-d

-d

|-d
|-'s

-iz

Polydore 'pak^dor, -;dar;

polarization ;polara'zeJan, -ai'z-

-dri, 'pab^jen-

-iz

ES

-jdoa(r,

Pole surname pol, pul; 'Polander' pol

Polydorus ;pali'doras, -'dar-; S -'dor-;

pole pol

polygamy

|-d

-d |-ax(e) -^aeks |-axes -^aek SIZ

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

pa'bgami

|-mous

-mas

|-'s

-iz

|-mist

-mist

polecat 'pol;kaet

Key;

E-t-

-jdaa(r

-d

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret

far [watch wat/,

wot/

Ij-et jet

|sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gardj [go go

poplin

335

polyglot
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

polygon 'paliigan

o are often pronounced with d in

and S

pompous 'pampas pomposity pam'pasati

polyglot 'palijglat
|-al

Ponce 'ponse
Ponce de Leon 'pansda'lian(5^ 'paneeSele'an)
poncho 'pant/o
pond pand, pnnd, pand

pa'hganl

polygyny pa'hdsam
polyhedron jpali'hidran i-dral -dral
Polyhymnia jpah'himnia

ES

polymer 'palima^;

-m3(r;

|-e

-j

mir;

ES

ponder

ES

'pamla^;

-da(r;

-d

|-ed

|-ing

'pandrig, 'pandarig

-jmi3(r

ponderable 'pandarabl, 'pandra- |-rous -ras

polymeric jpali'm8rik
polymerize 'palimajraiz, pa 'limaPolynesia jpab'ni/a, -33

|-s

iz|-d-d

-n

|-n

pone ^corn bread' pen

pone L V 'poni
pongee pan'dsi ('pon^gee

polyp 'polip

polyped 'pahjped

Polyphemus

jpali'fimas

polyphonic jpali'fanik |-ny pa'hfani

polypus 'palapas
polysyllabic

-'nor-

Pons, Lily 'hk'panz {S Fr

-pi -jpai |-'s -iz

jpabsiUasbik

|-al

'silk)

'panjad; j-ed -id

pons asinorum 'panzjaesi'noram, -'nar-; S

-iz

|-'s

ES

poniard 'panja^d;

-sal jpali'fezl

'pflij^ez

Pondichery

{Fr

jpandi'tjEri

podije'ri)

polynomial jpali'nomial

polyphase

Pondicherry

-1

|-ally

-li.

-ikh

lili'po:ns) |-'s -iz

Pontchar train 'pantja^^tren;

ES

'pantja-

Pontefract 'pAmfrit, 'pam-, 'panti^fraekt

polysyllabism jpab^silajbizam

Pontiac 'panti^aek

polysyllable 'pol^iSilabj

pontifex, P- 'pantajfeks [-fices pan'tifajsiz

polytechnic, P- jpala'teknik

|-al -1

pontiff 'pantif

polytheism ^pabGijizam
polytheistic ^pabOi'istik

pontifical pan'tifikl |-ly -1 |-cate -kit, -jket

|-al -1 [-ally

-h, -ikb

pontifices pan'tifa^siz

Polyxena ps'liksina

Pontius 'pant/as, -njas, -ntias

pomace 'pAmis, -as |-ous po'mejas

pomade po'med, -'mad

pontoon pan'tun

Pontus 'pantas
'pAniigraenit, 'pam-, pAm'graen-,

pam-

Pomeroy

|-n

pooh pu, pu

-n

|-'s

-iz

pony 'pom [ponied 'pomd

poodle 'pudl

Pomerania jpamaVema
Pomerene ^i^aai^^rm

-iz

Pontotoc jpanta'tak

pome pom
pomegranite

|-'s

|-ed -d ('pon^toon 'bridge)

|-d

-d |-hng 'pudlig, 'pudlig

b' various other breath

pufs

Pooh-Bah ^pu'ba
pooh-pooh 'pu'pu, 'pujpu

'pamajtai, 'p^ma-, -mrai

|-ed -d

Pomfret 'pAmfrit, 'pompommel n 'pAml, 'paml |-ed -d

pool pul |-ed -d |-room 'pul^rum, -^rum

pommel

poor pur;

poop pup pooped pupt

1

'pAml -ed -d

|-ing 'pAmlig, 'pArahij

pomology po'maladsi
Pomona pa'mona
pomp pamp |pomped pampt
pompadour, P- 'pampa,dor, -jdar-,
-jdoa(r, -jdua(r,

ES

pua(r, poa(r, paa(r

/fa:m, 'poa-, 'paa-,

dur;

ES

E + -jdaa(r

ES

poorhouse 'pur^haus;

'pua-, 'poa-, 'paa-

|-ses -ziz

pop pap popped papt

Pompey 'pampi
pompon 'pampan

poplar 'papla';

pope, P- pop

|-ry

ES

|-corn -^karn;

-an,

-jkaan

-ri |-pish -ij

popgun 'papjgAn |-gunned -jgAnd

Popilius po'pihas, -Ijas

|-'s

-iz

popinjay 'papiiijdse

ES

'papla(r

poplin 'paplin |-ette jpapho'et

{Fr po'po)

ful Itooth tuG [further

'pua-

E + -jfa:m

poor farm 'bad farm' acct 'poor 'farm

-

pompano, P- 'pampa^no
Pompei It province pam'pe-i {It pom'peri)
Pompeian pam'pean, -'pian
Pompeii anc. city pam'pc'i, -'pe, 'pampi^ai
Pompeius pam'pias |-'s -iz

|full

ES

poor-farm 'poorhouse' 'pur jf arm;

'fa'tJa^;

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

Popocatepetl jpopa'kaeta/petl, pOjpoka'tepatl

Whatever

the Aztec, the first pron. is well

established.

'What

learned colleague once rimed:

home without a

is

Popocat- without a

'pc'P^';

poppet 'pcpit

ES

o are often pronounced with

portcullis

port'kAlis,

paat-; |-es -iz |-ed

Porte port, part;

ES

n in

ES

part-;

and

poat-,

E+

-t

E+paat

poat,

ES

portend por'tEnd, par-;

kettle?

E+paa-;

poa-,

|-ed -id

-petl.'

popover 'papjova'; ES -jOV3(r

popper

Portugal

336

Popocatepetl

ES

portent 'portent, 'par-;

portentous por'tentas, par-;

'pcip9(r

porter,

|-ed -id

P-

'par-;

'porta^,

E + 'paaE + paa-

'poa-,

ES
ES

poa-,

'poata(r,

E-t-

'paata(r; |-ed -d

popple, P- 'p"p!

porterhouse

poppy 'papi poppied 'papid

poppycock 'papijkak

ES

'porta' jhaus, 'par-;

'poata-,

E+

populace-'papjalis, -las

popular

^papjala^;

'steak'

-iz

|-'s

ES

'paata-; \pl -houses 'liquor-house' -yhauziz,

-l3(r;

ipapja-

|-ity

popularize 'papjala^raiz

population jpapja'lefan

poat-,

'poat-,

E + 'paatES

E+paat-

ES

portico 'portijko, 'par-;

|-es -iz

portiere jporti'er, ipar-;

ES 'poa-, E + 'paaES 'poa-, E + 'paa-;

l-ed -d

-'p03-, 'p33-

porch portj,

ES

Portia 'por/a, 'par-, -Jia;

Populist 'papjahst

partj";

ES poatj", E+paatJ;

jpoa-,

E + ,paa-;

'poa-,

E + 'paa-;

ES

{Fr par'tJ:r)

|-ed -t

porcine 'parsain, -sin;

ES

portion 'por/an, 'par-;

'paa-

porcupine, P- 'p^rkjajpam;

ES

'poak-; |-d -d

ES poa(r, E+paa(r; |-d -d

ES 'p^s^si
pork pork, park; ES poak, E+paak
pornographic jparna'gr^efik; ES jpaanapornography par'nagrafi, -'nog-; ES pa'nporgy 'p3rd3i;

porpoise 'p^rpas;

ES

port port, part;

portmanteau port'masnto,

'p^apas;

poat-,

ES

^poata-,

ES

'poata-,

Porto Bello ^porta'belo, ^parta-;

-iz

|-s

|-s

-iz |-d

ES
ES 'paaES poat, E+paat;

E + jpaata-;

-d

-dsaCr

{A}n

Sp

jparto'fJejo)

Porto Rico /porta'riko, ^parta-;

ES

jpoata-,

E+jpaata-; |-can -kan

|-ed -id

portrait 'portret, 'par-, -trit;

ES

'poa-,

E+

'paa-

^porta'bilati,

^par-;

ES

jpoata-,

portraiture 'portritJV, 'par-;

ES

'poatrit/aCr,

E + 'paa-

portage, P- 'portids, 'par-;

ES

'poa-,

E+

-iz |-d -d

'portj,

'parti;

portray por'tre, par-;

-d

ES

E + 'paa-;

'poatl,

1-ed -d

ES

poa-,

E+paa-;

|-ed

|-al -al

Port Said port'sed, part-, -'said, -sa'id;

E+paatPortsmouth 'portsmaG,

ES

poat-,

Port Angeles port'aendsalas, part-,

-^liz;

ES

E + pat-

E + jpaat-;

ES

jpoat-,

(Fr parto'pr:s)

See in full 3~47.

'parts-;

ES

'poats-,

E + 'paats-

Port-au-Prince ,porto'prins, jpart-;

|bath baeO;

E+

E + jpaata-

E+ipaata|-s

ES

part-;

Portobello yporta'belo, ,parta-;

|-able -abl |-bly -bli

portability

'poat-,

E + paat-

porringer 'parmdja^, 'per-' 'por-;

Porsena 'parsina;

ES

'part-;

poat-

-iz

|-'s

'paat-

'p^s-

porridge V^rids, 'par-, 'por-

ES

part-;

E + paat-;

Portland 'portland,

porous 'porss, 'p^r^s; S 'por^s

ES

port'ds^vis,

'dssvis, -'ds^v-,

porosity po'rasati, pa-; S po-

porphyry, P- 'parfari;

ES

1-ed -d |-ing -Janig, -Jnig

Port Jervis

pore por, par;

Key:

ES

-Ijo;

Port Huron port'hjuran, part-, -'hiu-;

poat-,

porcelain 'porskn, 'p^r-, -slin, -an, -sljcn;

poat,

part-,

porthole 'portjhol, 'part-;

-iz |-d -d

|-s

populate 'p'^pjajet |-lated -Jetid |-lous -las

portal

port'folijO,

E+ pat-

'laerati

'paa-;

-jhausiz

portfolio

ES

'poa-,

E + 'paa-;

|-guese -jgiz

bee bi

baG (10) |ah a

Portugal 'portjagl, 'par-;

|far

Ipitj^ 'piti

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang s^eg |angry 'a2rcgri

far |watch watj,

wot/

(12) |ja\v dsa |gorge gards |go go

Those words below in which the a sound

portulaca

Pottstown

337

portulaca

jport/a'laeka,

E + ip33-;

|P-

ES

ipar-;

is spelt

/poa-,

E and S

o are often pronounced ivith d in

postscript 'pos-skript, 'post- |-ed -id

postulant 'pastjalant

-Ueka

postulate n 'pastjalit,

pose poz poses 'poziz posed pozd

-jlet

postulate V 'pastXa^let |-lated -jletid

Poseidon po'saidn, pa-

postulation jpast/a'le/an

Posey ipozi

ES

poseur po'zy;

{Fr po'zoerr)

-'z3(r, -'zy;

position pa'zi/an |-ed -d

j-al -1,

^placing' po-

positive 'pazativ, -ztiv |-d -d |-vism -jizam

-ztiv-,

'pz3tivli,

positively

posture 'pastJV;

posy

posit 'pczit |-ed -id

emph.

cocas.

ES

-t/aCr; |-d -d

'pozi

pot pat potted 'patid

I

potable 'potabi

potash 'pat^aej

|-es -iz [-ed -t

potassium pa'taesiam

ipaza'tivli

posse 'pasi |-man

potation po'tefan

-man |-men -man

potato pa'teto, -a

posse comitatus 'pcsiikami'tetas

possess pa'zES

|-es -iz |-ed -t |-edly -idli

|-al -1

possession pa'zejan |-ed -d |-ive -siv

ES

possessor p3'z2S3^;

Potawatomi, -ami jpata'watami, -'wotpotbelly 'patjbeli |-ied -d

posset 'posit |-ed -id

potboy

possibility jpasa'bibti

Poteat

possible 'pasabl |-bly -bli

poteen po'tin, pa-

possum 'pasam

I-al -\

-jbaila(r

'patjbai
po'tit

potence 'potns

|-ed -d

post post posted 'postid |-age -ids

ES

potboiler 'pat^boila^;

-'zes3(r; |-y -i

|-cy -i |-tent -tnt

potentate 'potn^tet

potential pa'tenjal

post-chaise n 'postj/ez

|-s

-iz

post-chaise v jpost'/ez

|-s

-iz |-d

potheen

postdate jpost'det -dated -'detid

|

posterior pas'tiria^;

ES

ES

ES

-jsb, -i^b, -jlisb,

-jhyb

-tan

postgraduate post'graedsuit, pos'g-,

-jCt

potholder 'pat^holda^;

ES

-jholda(r

posthaste 'post'hest ('post-haste 'journey)

pothole 'patjhol |-hook -^huk

posthumous 'past/umas
Posthumus post'hjumas,

pothouse 'patjhaus

postilion,

-11-

po'stiljan,

-'hiu-

j-'s

|-ses -ziz

ES

Potiphar

postman 'postman |-men -man

postmark 'post^mark; ES -jma:k, E+-jma:k;

potlatch, P- 'patjlaetj

'patafa^;

ES

-^maes-

ES

-Jika(r

potluck 'patjUk, 'pat'Uk

postmistress 'post^mistris, 'pos^m-

post'martam;

US

Potosi Bol jpoto'si;

postmeridian jpostma'ndian
[-es -iz

ES -'maatam;

pa'tosi

potpie 'patjpai

potpourri pat'puri {Fr popu'ri)

Potsdam 'pats^daem

|-ed -d

postnatal post'net|

potsherd 'pat^/yd;

post-obit post'obit, -'ab-

pottage 'patids

ES

ES

'pata(r; |-ed -d |-y -i

potter 'patas

postpone post'pon, pos'p- |-poned -'pond

pottle 'patl |-d -d

postprandial post'praendial

Pottstown 'patSjtaun

|-ly -i

ful |tooth tuG Ifurther 'fytJa^;

ES

-i/sd, -jjyd

Pottawattamie, -wato- ^pata'watami, -'wnt-

-iiai- |-s -iz

postpaid 'post'ped, 'pos'p- ('post;paid 'parcel)

|ful]

ES

-jlika(r

Potomac pa'tomak

E-h-jmas-, -^mas-

post-office 'postpfis, -iDf-,

'patafa(r
|-es -iz ]-ed -t

potlicker, -likk- 'patjhka^;

pot-liquor 'pat^hka';

|-ed -t

post-mortem

-jhAnta(r

potion 'pojan |-ed -d

pa- 1-ed -d

postmaster 'post^maesta^, 'pos^m-;

ES

pothunter 'pat^hAnta*;

-iz

postlude 'postjlud, -^Iiud

ta(r,

-'amata(r

'paSaCr; |-ed -d

potherb 'pat^yb, -^hyb;

ES

ES

po'tin, pa-

pother 'paSa^;

-'tiri'3(r

posterity pas'terati

postern 'posta^n, 'pas-;

|-ly -i |-ity -^tenji'aelati

potentiometer pajtenji'amata*;

-d

j-ville -vil;

'fsSa [custom 'kAStam [while hwail [how

S + -vl

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep

|toy toi

'em

'kipip


pouch
pouch

precentor

338
pautj

[pouches

|pouched

'pautjiz

pautjt

pouf puf

Prague preg, prag {Czech 'praba, Ger prak)

The hybrid pronunciation prag is now accepted beside preg.

Poughkeepsie pa'kipsi

prairie 'pren, 'preri

poult polt

Prairie

poulterer 'poltara';
poultice 'poltis

ES

du Chien

jprErida'/in, jpren-

praise prez [praises 'preziz praised prezd

^poltaraCr

|-s -iz |-

Poultney 'poltm

Prakrit 'prakrit

poultry 'poltri

praline 'pralin; S + 'pra-

pounce pauns

-^wySi

-;W3'5i,

pram praem, 'praam' pram

|-s -iz |-d -t

pound paund [pounded 'paundid

pound-foolish

ES

praiseworthy 'prez^wytii ;

-t

'p^und'fuhj"

|-cake

- ,kek

('pound-^foolish

prance prasns; E+prans, prans;

prandial 'praendial

|-s

-iz j-d -t

|-ly -i

prank pregk pranked, prankt praegkt

'act)

Pounds paundz, paunz

prate pret prated 'pretid

-iz

|-'s

pour por, par, pur;

ES

E+poaCr;

po3(r, pu9(r,

pratique prae'tik, 'praetik {Fr pra'tik)

Pratt praet

l-ed -d

pourboire

'pur^bwar;

ES

'pu3jbwa:(r;

{Fr

prattle 'praetl |-d -d l-Hng 'praetbg, -tlig

prawn pran

pur'bwa:r)
pourparler, -ley pur'parli;

ES

pv9^pa:h; l-ed

Praxiteles praeks'it}Jz

[-'s

-iz

pray pre prayed pred

prayer 'petition' prer, praer;

-d {Fr purpar'le)

pou sto 'pu'sto

pout paut Ipouted 'pautid
poverty

'pava^ti;

ES

prayer 'supplicant'

'pavati, 'pov-

Pow pau

'pre-a^;

ES

prayer-rug 'prer^rAg, 'praer-;

powder 'pauda^; ES
'paudrig, 'paudang

-d3(r;

-d

[-ed

-ing

ES

ES

pra(r,

'pre-a(r

ES

'prsa^rAg,

'praea-

pre- prefix, stressed 'pri-, /pri-, 'pr-, jprt-;

Powell 'paual \Bade7t-F-, F. York P- 'poal

power, P- 'paua^;

praeafr

'pau'3(r; |-ed -d l-ful

iinstr. pri-, pra-, pri-.

only pri-

is

understood that

-fal l-fully -fall, -fh

For

the unstr.,

given in the vocab.,

many

is

it

when
to

be

speakers, both British

Poweshiek jpaua'/ik

and American, use pra- as in propose

Powhatan

pra'poz, or pri- as in precede pri'sid.

Pownal,

jpaua'taen

-11

powwow 'paujwau
Powys

'po'is

speakers of unquestioned cidtivation.

[-ed -d

preach pritj

|-'s -IZ

\-es -iz |-ed -t |-er -3-;

pox paks; ES+poks

preachify 'prit/a,fai

praam pram

preamble 'priaembl, pri'aembl

practicable Vaektikabi |-bly -bli

prearrange jpria'rend5

|-ly -i, 'virtually'

-ikb

|-s

ES

-n3(r

Praed pred

|-s

prebend 'preband [-ary

precaution pri'kajan

pri'bendl

|-al -1 |-ary

-fin |-tious

-/as

precede pri'sid, pn-

praefect 'prifekt

precedence pri'sidns, 'presadans

'prita^

ES

]-d -id

precedent adj pri'sidnt

pragmatic praeg'maetik

precedent

-al -1 |-ally -li, - ikh

pragmatism 'praegmajtizam
See in ftdl 3~47.

|-s

-iz |-cy -i

precedent n 'presadant

'pritaCr

praetorian pri'torian, -'tar-; S -'tor-

|bath baeO;

-d |-ling

-iz |-d -d

-^eri |-al

praedial 'pridial |-ity jpridi'aelati

Key:

|-d

precarious pri'kerias, -'kaer-, -'ker-

-iz |-d -t

practitioner praek'tifana^, -Jna^;

praetor

-a(r

Preble 'prebl

practicality jpraekti'kaebti
practice, i)+-tise 'praektis

ES

j-fied -jfaid

-bhg, -blig

practicabihty jpraektika'bibti

practical 'praektikl

The

pron. p- is also not infrequently heard from

'paunl

bee bi |pity

bae (10) |ah a

[far

v 'prEsajdent |-ed -id

precentor pri'senta^;

[-tist -tist

'piti

ES

-'snta(r

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far |watch wat/,

wntj

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gardj |go go

pre-judicial

339

precept

predetermine jpridi'tymin;

precept 'prisept 1-ed -id

preceptive pri'ssptiv

ES

|-tor -ta^;

preceptress pri'septris

preceptual pri'sept/ual

-'tsm-, -'ts-m-;

predial 'pridial |-ity jpridi'aelati

|-es -iz

predicable 'predikabl |-bly -bk

|-ly -i

predicament

|-al -1

precession pri'se/an, pri-

ES

l-d-d

-t3(r

pri'dikamant

ES+-'ds-

preciosity jpreji'ttsati, ^presi-;

predicate n, adj 'predikit, -at

predicate v 'predi^ket |-d -id

precious 'prejas
precipice 'p'^sapis

predication jpredi'kejan |-tive 'prdi,ketiv

|-s -iz |-d -t

precipitance pri'sipatans |-cy

|-tant -tant

-i

precipitate n, adj pri'sipajtet,

predict pri'dikt |-ed -id |-ction -kjan

predigestjprida'dsEst, -dai- |-ed -id

-tit

precipitate v pri'sipajtet |-tated -jtetid

predilection ^pridl'ek/an, ^pred-

precipitation prijSipa'teJan

predispose ipridis'poz

precipitous pri'sipatas

predisposition jpridispa'ai/an

precis

precis

pre'si, 'presi {Fr pre'si) \pl precis -z

pre'sid

pre'si

[precised

pre'siz

|precises

ace/ + 'precis

precise pri'sais

pri^dika-

|-al

'ment}

precinct 'prisigkt

|-s

-iz |-d -d

|-s

dly

1-cy -I |-nant -nant

ES + -'dDm-;

predomination prijdama'nej'an; ES-h-jdom-

|-ist -ist

precision pri'sisan

pre-eminence pri'smanans |-cy

preclinical pri'klinikj

pre-empt pri'empt

-i

|-nent -nant

|-ed -id |-ption

-pjan

preen prin preened prind

|-d -id

preclusion pri'klusan, -'kliu- [-sive -siv

pre-exist ^priig'zist |-ed -id |-ence -ans

precocious pn'ko/as

preface 'prefis, -as

precocity pri'kasati; ES+-'kDS-

prefatorial jprefa 'tonal, -'tar-; S -'tor-

preconceive jprikan'siv

prefatory 'prefajtori, -^tan; S -jtori

-d

preconception jprikan'sep/an
preconcert n pri'kansyt,

ES

-'kansst,

ES

-'s3t, -'syt; |-ed

ES

prefecture 'prifskt/a';
prefer pri'fy;

v ^prikan'syt;

|-s -iz |-d -t

prefect 'prlfekt

-sa^t;

-'kon-, -syt, -sat

preconcert

ES

-fekt/aCr

-'f3(r, -'fy; |-red

-d

preferability ^prefara'bilati

preferable 'prefrabj, 'prfara- |-bly -bli

-id

precontract n pri'kantraekt; ES+-'kDn-

preference 'prefrans, 'prefarans

precontract

preferential jprefa'tEnJal |-ly

jprikan'traekt,

ES+-'kDn-;

pri'kantrjekt

preferment pri'fymant;

|-ed -id

precook pri'kuk

ES

precool pri'kul |-ed -d

preligure pri'figja', -'figs' ;

ES

precursory pri'kysari;

-'k3sa(r, -'ks'saCr

ES

-'kss-, -'kys-

prefix

-iz

-'fs-, -'fy-

pregnable 'pregnabl

pregnance 'pregnans
S -^ton;

|-rily

em^A+jpreda'torily

ES

-sa(r

predestinarian prijdesta'nErian, -'ner- |-ism

|-cy -i ]-nant -nant

preheat pri'hit |-heated -'hitid

prehensile pri'hensl,

predecessor jpredi'sesa^, 'predi^sesa';

-a(r; |-d -d

prefix V pri'fiks |-es -iz |-ed -t

predate pri'det [-dated -'detid

-jtari;

ES

'pri^fiks |-es -iz

predaceous, -cious pri'dejas |-city -'daesati

predatory 'predajtori,

|-s

-i

prefiguration ,prifigja'rej"an, -figa-, pri^fig-

|-ed -t

precursor pri'kysa^;

-rail, -rih,

|-d

-id

precisian pri'sisan j-ism -jizam

|-d

-idli

ES + -'dDm-;

predominance pri'damanans;
predominate pri'dama^net;

-iz |-d -t

preclude pri'klud, -'kliud

|-

-sil

prehistoric jpriis'tarik, jprihis-, -'tar-, -'tnr|-al -1

-ally

-li, -ikli

-jizam

preignition jpriig'nijan

predestinate adj pri'destanit

prejudge pri'dsAds

predestinate v pri'dEsta^net |-nated -^netid

prejudice 'predsadis

predestination pri^dEsta'ne/an, jpridesta-

prejudicial ^predsa'di/al

predestine pri'destin

pre-judicial jpridsu'difal, -dsiu-

[full

|-d

-d

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa^;

ES

'fstSa

|-s

-iz |-d -d

|-s

-iz |-d -t
|-ly -i

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish Jif [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

pressmark

340

prelacy
prelacy 'prclasi

preposterous pri'pastras, -taras;

prelate 'prcl^t |-tism -iizam

prepotence pri'potns |-cy

preprint pri'print, 'pri^print

preliminary pri'lim3/nEri
'pri- 'prilud, 'prilrud |-d -id

prelude 'preljud,

preprofessional /pripra'fe/anl, ^pripa-, -'fejnal

premarital pri'maeratl

In

premature

(121).

jprima'tjur, -'tiur, -'tur, 'prima^t-,

ES

-jt/ur;

ES

premier n 'primia^, pri'mir;

premise

ES

Brit +

'primi-3(r;

-'mi3(r; (Fr pra'mjeir)

presage

pri'seds

|-s

|-d

-d

in Shak. pri'seds

|-s -iz,

-iz |-d -d

r -a^;

|-

ES

priWaiz, 'premis

|-s -iz |-d

-d, -t

ES

presbyter 'prEzbita^;

ES

-ta(r; |-y -bi^tEri

preschool pri'sku! ('pre^school 'training)

prescience 'prejians,

-ant

'pri- [-ent

pre-science pri'saians

-'molaCr

prescind pri'sind |-ed -id

premonition jprima'ni/an

premonitory pri'manajtori,

-^tDri;

-jtori,

ES+-'mDn-

prescission pri'sisan, -'sijan

Prescot, -tt 'prEskat

prenatal pri'netl

prescribe pri'skraib |-d -d

|-ly -i

ES

Prendergast 'prenda^jgaest;

prescript adj pn'sknpt ('pre^script 'rule)

'prenda-

prentice, 'p-, P- 'pr^ntis |-s -iz |-d -t

preoccupation priiokj 3 'pe/an, jpriakja-;

prescript n 'priskript

ES +

prescription pri'skrip/an, pa^'skripjan

prescriptive pri'skriptiv

-jDk-, -ok-

ES + -'Dk-;

pri'akjajpai;

|-pied

presence 'prEzns

|-s

present n 'prEznt;

-jpaid

preordain jprior'den;

ES

ES

-iz |-d -t

7}iil.

pri'zEnt

present v pri'zsnt |-ed -id

-aa'den; |-ed -d

preordination jprJDrdn'e/an;

presentable pri'zEntabl |-bly -bli

-adn'e/on

prepaid pri'ped ('prejpaid 'charges)

presentation jptEzn'te/an, ,prizn'te/an

preparation jprEpa'reJan

presentative pri'zEntativ

present-day 'prEznt'de ('present-jday 'laws)

preparative pri'paerativ

preparatory pri'paerSiton,
prepare pn'per,
|-d

-'paer;

-jtari;

-'pe3(r,

S -/ton

presentiment pri'zEntamant

ES

presentment pri'zEntmant

-'pieaCr;

prepay pri'pe |-paid -'ped ('pre-pay

prepense pri'pens

|-s

preservative pri'zyvativ;

'rent)

preserve pri'zyv;

-iz |-d -t

preponderance pri'pandrans, -darans;

-i

ES ^prEzaES -'zsv-, -'zyv-

preservation jprEza^'ve/an;

-d |-dness -idnis, -dnis

-'pon-; |-cy

ES +

preshow

ES

-'z3v, -'zyv; |-d -d

pri'/o |-ed -'/od ]-n -'/on or -ed -'/od

preside pri'zaid |-d -id

|-ant -ant

preponderate pri 'panda ^ret;

ES + -'pDn-;

\-d

presidency

'prEzadansi,

'prEzdan-

|-dent

-dant

-id

preposition gram, jprepa'zi/an

|-al -1 [-ally

-h

presidential ^prEza'dEn/al |-ly -i

preposition 'position before' jpripa'zi/an

presidio pri'sidi^o (Sp pre'siSjo)

prepossess jpripa'zES

Presque

prepossessing

|-es -iz |-ed -t

jpripa'zEsiij

('prepos,sessing

See in full 3-47.

Ibath baeG;

Isle

Me, Pa

'ptES/mark;

-,ma:k; |-ed

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

,prsk'ail,

Mich

-'II

press prEs [presses 'prESiz [pressed ptEst

pressmark

'eye)

prepossession jpripa'zE/an

Key:

-a(r

Presbyterian jprEzba'tirian |-ism -yizam

-iz

|-s

premium 'primiam

preoccupy

-'raef ja-,

presbyopia jprEzbi'opia

n 'prEwws

premolar pri'mola^;

|-s -iz

prerogative pri'ragativ, -'rng-

presage n 'presids

'pr8nu-3(r, -mJ3(r

ES

'pripjus, -pius

by dissimilation

prerequisite pri'rekwazit

'primi-afr,

pri'mi3(r; 5rz7 + 'premi'3(r, -mJ3(r

-iss

r is lost

-'raefa-

-;tetid

premeditation jprimeda'te/an, pri^meda-

premise,

2d pron.

Pre-Raphaelite, pre-R- pri'raefiajait,

premeditate pri'meda^tet |-tated

premiere prt'mir;

the

prepuce

-3(r; ('prema^ture 'death)

premedical pri'medikl

premier adj 'prinwa";

ES + -'pDS-

|-tent -tnt

-i

(6) |rate ret |yet JEt |sang

far |watch watj,

ES

-;ma:k,

E-i-

-t

wntj (12) |jaw dsa

saei)

|angry 'aeg-gri

|gorge gards |go go

pressroom

primogeniture

341

pressroom Vrssjrum, -jrum

ES

pressure 'pr^X^";

prevarication prijvaera'ke/an

prevent pri'vent

^ptEfait

ES

presswork 'pfESjwyk;

-jwsk, -^wyk

ES

Prester John 'prst3^'d3an, -'dson;

|-ed -id |-able, -ible -abj

preventability prijventa'bilati
-ta-

preventative pri'vEntativ

prestidigitation jpresti^didsi'tejan

prevention pri'ven/an

prestidigitate jpresti'didsijtet |-d -id

preview n

prestidigitator jprEsti'didsi^teta^;

ES

preview

-t3(r

|-tive -'ventiv

'prijvju, -^viu

-d

v pri'vju, -'viu |-ed

previous 'privias, 'privjas

prestige 'pr^stids, pres'tis (Fr pres'ti:3)

prestissimo prEs'tisa^mo {li pres'tissi^mo)

previse pri'vaiz

presto 'presto

prevision pri'vi3an |-ed -d |-ing -saniQ, -snig

prevocal pri'vokl

Preston 'prestan
Prestwich 'prEstwit/,

loc.

+ -tid5

|-'s

-d

|-ly -i

prevocational jprivo'kejanl

-iz

prewar pri'war;

Prestwick 'p^^stwik, 'prestik

presumable pri'zumab), -'zium-, -zjum-

-bh
presume pn'zum, -'zium, -'zjum

-iz |-d

|-s

|-bly

ES

-'waa(r; ('pre-war 'price)

prey pre preyed pred

|

Priam 'praiam
-d |-dly

|-d

Pribilof 'priba,laf, -jnf, -,bf ('Pribijof

|

presumption pri'zAmp/an

|-tuous

|-tive -tiv

Prichard

'pritja^d;

ES

'pritjad

prick prik pricked prikt

-t/uas

presuppose jprisa'poz

|-s

prickle 'prikl |-d -d |-ling 'priklig, -klig

-iz |-d -d

presupposition jprisApa'zi/an

prickly 'prikli

pretence pri'tens

pride praid prided 'praidid

|-s

-iz

pried praid

pretend pri'tend |-ed -id |-ant -ant

pretender, P- pri'tenda^;

pretense pri'tens

|-s

ES

prie-dieu

-'tendaCr

Fr

pries praiz

preterit, -ite 'pr^tarit |-ive pri'terativ

priest,

pretermission jprita^'mi/an;

ES

pretermit jprita^'mit;
preternatural

ES

ES

-t/ral;

P- prist |-ed -id

E + -jkraft,

-ed -id

v pri'tkst

ES

'prit3(r

prima facie 'praima'fejiji,

primage 'praimids |-s -iz

prettify 'pritijfai |-fied -^faid

'priti, unstr. p3^ti['gud], priti-.

ES+pati-, puti-;

the

primarily 'prai^merali,

An-

primary 'prai^mEri, -man

primate 'praimit, -met

represents

tmstr.

an

form

['prajpa^ti.
is p|ti-,

in which

with simultaneous retro-

'first

hook' type 'prima^;

primeval prai'mivl

prevail pri'vel |-ed -d

-i [-lent

-a^;

ES

|-ism -jizam

primogenitor jpraima'dsenata^;

ES -ta(r
ES -tj"a(r

primogeniture jpraima'dsenat/y;

-a(r

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

|-ly -i

ES -ma(r
ES 'prima(r

primitive 'primativ |-vism -^izam

-lant

prevaricate pri'vaera;ket |-d -id |-tor

if

prime praim primed praimd

primer

pretzel 'ptEtsl

|full

'praimar-, csp.

primer 'what primes' 'praima';

flexion of the tongue.

prevalence 'prevalans |-cy

{It

-'e/i

-ili,

eniph. prai'mer-, -'mer-

common

ES + -'dDna;

primal 'praiml

unstressed form pa'ti can he heard as the last

two syllables of property

|-gish -i/

jprima'danna)

pretorian pri'torian, -'tar-; S -'tor-

prati-, pruti-, purti-;

-jkraft

Priestley 'pristli

-an
prim prim primmed primd
primacy 'praimasi
prima donna ^prima'dana;

Pretoria pri'toria, -'tar-; S -'tor-

otlter

'prai'a(r

prig prig |-ged -d !-gery

pretext n 'pritekst \adj -ed Vit^kstid

pretty stressed

ES

priesthood 'prist-hud

jprita-; |-ted -id

jprita^'naetjaral,

'praia^;

priestcraft 'prist^kraeft;

jprita-

jprita-; |-ly -i

pretor ^prit^;

pri'djo

prier/rom pry

-iz

pretension pri'tenjan -tentious -'tEii/as

pretext

'Isls.)

price prais prices 'praisiz priced praist

-idh

ES

'fstia

|custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how hau |toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij [vision 'vi5an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

prodigality

342

primordial
Those words below in which the a sound

ES

primordial prai'mordial;

-'mDad-;

is spelt

|-ly -i

o are often pronounced with d in

and S

probability jpraba'bilati

primp primp primped primpt

probable 'prababl |-bly

primrose 'prim,roz

probate 'probet -bated -betid

-bli

-iz |-d

1-s

-d

primula, P- 'primjub

probation pro'be/an

primus 'p^aimas

probative 'probativ, \xa)a-

prince prins

probatory 'p^obajtori,

-iz |-d -t

|-s

princess 'pnnsis

j-ary -fin

|-al -1

S -^ton

-;tari;

probe prob Iprobed probd |-able -abl

|-es -iz |-cess' -sis

princesse prin'ses, 'prinsis |-(e)s -iz

probity 'probati, 'prab-

Princeton 'prinstan

problem 'problam, -hm, -lem

principal 'prmsapl |-]y -pli, -pli

problematic jprabla'maetik

]-al

-1

|-ally -li,

-ikb

principality jprinsa'p^elati
principle 'pnnsapj |-d -d |-ling -plio -pJiO

pro bono publico 'pro'bono'pAblijko

pringle, P- 'poog! !-d "d |-ling -glig, -gliQ

proboscis

prink prigk prinked pngkt

pro'basis

\L pi

-iz

|-es

-scides

-'basa,diz

procedural pro'sidsaral

print print |printed 'printid |-able -abl

P-

prior,

'praia^;

prioress 'praiaris

ES

procedure pra'sid33^;

'pr^i-aCr; |-y -i

|-'s

proceed pra'sid

-iz

|-s

ES

-'sidsaCr

-'sidz |-ed -id

priority praibrati, -'ar-, -'or-

proceeds n 'prosidz

Priscian 'pn/^^n, 'prifan

process 'prass, mainly Brit 'prosES

Priscilla pri'sila

prise praiz |prises 'praiziz |prised praizd

prism 'prizam

|-ed

process 'anarch in procession' pro'sES, -'se/

'p^z^nid

prismatic priz'maetik

|-es -IZ |-ed -t

|-al -1 |-ally -ji,

-ikh

procession pra'ssjan, pro-

prison 'p"zn |-ed -d |-ing 'prizmO' -zniQ

prisoner 'pn^na-, 'prizna^;

ES

proclamation ;prakla'mefan

-3(r

proclitic pro'kbtik

proclivity pro'khvati |-tous -tas

pristine 'pristin, -tin, -tain

ES

Pritchard 'pntja^d;

|-al -1 |-ally -Ii

proclaim pro'klem -claimed -'klemd

prissy 'pnsi |prissily 'prisji. -sili

'pntjad; |-chett

-t/it

proconsul pro'kansl

|-ar -shr, -sjala^;

ES

-la(r

proconsulate pro'kaiislit, -'kansjalit

prithee 'pn'^i

privacy 'praivasi |-vate

privateer

|-es -iz

1-ed -t

jpraivaUir,

procrastinate pro^kraesta^net |-nated -^netid

-vit

-vi-;

ES

S+

-'ti3(r,

procrastination projkraesta'ne/an

procreant 'prokriant

-'teacr

privation prai'vejan

procreate 'prokri^et

privative 'pnvativ

procreation jprokri'ejan

|-d -id |-tive -tiv

Procrustes pro'krAStiz

privet 'privit
privilege 'privlidj, 'privjids

privity 'privati

privy n, adj 'privi

|-tes' -tiz

ES

Procter, proctor, P- 'prakt;

-iz |-d -d

|-s

|-vily 'privji, -vili

Proctorknott 'prakta^'nat;

ES

Proculeius ^prokju'lias

-iz

|-'s

|-tean -tian

'prakta(r

'prakta-

procumbent pro'kAmbant

prize praiz prizes 'praiziz [prized praizd

|

pro pro

procurable pro'kjurabl, -'kiur-

pro- unstressed prefix pra-, pro-.

When

wholly

unstressed infa^niliar words, the usual pron.

from

through pru-

is

pra-.

to

pro- {with brief o) in less familiar words

or

more deliberate

It varies

is also often

style.

this

The pron.

pa^-,

pa-

heard from cultivated speakers.

procuracy 'prakjarasi
procurance pro'kjurans, -'kiuprocurator 'prakja^reta^;

procure pro'kjur, -'kiur

Procyon 'prosi^an, -sian

|

prodigal 'pradigl

pro-Ally pro'aelai, ^proa'lai

prodigality ^pradi'ga^lati

See in full 3-47.

|bath

baefl;

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'p'ti

-jtetaCr

-d

prod prad prodded 'pradid

proa 'pro3

Key:

ES
|-d

|-ly -i,

-igh

(6) |rate ret |yet jst |sang saso langr^- 'jeg^gri

far [watch watj",

wotj

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

prodigy

propaganda

343

Those words below in which the a sound

is spell

projectile pra'dsektj,

produce n 'pradjus,

projective pra'dsektiv |-tor

produce

'pro-, -dius,

-dus

v pra'djus, -'dius, -'dus |-s -iz |-d -t

Prokosch 'prokaj

and

-ta^;

ES

-t3(r

-iz

|-'s

prolate 'prolet, pro'let

product 'pradakt, -dAkt

proletarian jprola'terian,

-'ter-

-'taer-,

proliferate pro'lifa^ret |-d -id |-rous -ras

proem 'proem, -im

proliferation projlifa're/an

profanation jprafa'ne/an

prolific pra'lifik |-al -1 |-ally -li |-ly -Ii

profane pra'fen |-faned -'fend |-nity -'faenati

prolix pro'liks |-ity -ati ('projix 'style)

profaneness prs'fennis

prologue, -log 'probg, -lag, -log

profess pra'fes |-es -iz |-ed -t |-edly -idli

prolong pra'bg,

profession pra'fejan

prolongate pra'lagget, -'log-; S + -'lag-;

professorial

|-al -1,

ES

-/nal |-ly

-i

^prafa-,

-'sor-;

-'sor-; |-Iy -i

ES

professorship pra'fEsa'j/ip;
proffer

'prafa^;

ES

-'fesa-

'prafaCr;

-d

|-ed

-'Idij;

|-d,

-ged -d

S + -'iag; |-ed -d

|-ing

'prafrig, 'prafarig

S+ -lag-

prolongation jprobg'ge/an, -log-;

promenade jprama'ned, -'nad |-d -id

Promethean pra'miOian, -6jan
Prometheus pra'miOjas, -jus, -las |-'s
prominence 'pramanans |-s -iz |-cy -i

-iz

|-nt -nt

profile 'prof ail -filed -faild

promiscuity jpramis'kjuati, ipro-, -'kiupromiscuous pra'miskjuas

profit 'profit |-ed -id

promise 'pramis

profitable 'prafitabj, 'prafta- |-bly -bli

promisee jpramis'i

proficiency pra'fi/ansi |-cient -/ant

|

profiteer

ES

^prafa'tir;

-'tia(r,

S + -'t8a(r;

|-s

-iz |-d -t

promisor 'praniispr;

ES

-pa(r; (jpromis'ee

promissory 'prama^sori,

profligacy 'praflagasi |-gate -git, -^get

pro forma pro'farma;

profound pra'faund

ES

-'faama

|-ness -nis, -'faunnis

profundity pra'fAndati
profuse pra'f jus,, -'fius |-sive -iv

progenitor pro'dsenata^ ;

-jsari;

ES -'d3nata(r
ES -'dsenat/aCr

progeniture pro'dsenatJV;

progeny 'pradsani

prone pron |proned prond |proneness 'pronnis

prognathous 'pragnaGas, prag'neGas

prong prag, prog; S-i-prag;

prognosis prag'nosis |-noses -'nosiz

pronominal pra'namanl, propronoun 'pronaun

prognostic prag'nastik

|-al -j |-ally -li, -ikli

prognosticate prag'nasti^ket |-cated -jketid

prognostication pragjuasti'kefan, jpragnasti-

-mme

'prograem, -gram |-(me)d -d

progress n 'pragrts, 'pro-, -gris

j;

pra'gres

-jsori

mainly Brit.

prognathic prag'naeOik

program,

promontory 'praman^tori, -^tan; S -^tori

promote pra'mot |-d -id |-tion pra'mo/an
prompt prompt [prompted 'pramptid
promptitude 'prampta^tjud, -^tiud, -^tud
promulgate pra'mAlget |-d -id 'prnmal^get
is mainly Brit.
promulgation jpromAl'ge/an ^promal- is

profusion pra'f jugan, -'fiu-

pronounce pra'nauns,

|-ed -d
|-ly -i

pa^- |-s -iz |-d -t j-dly

-idh

pronto 'pronto {Sp 'pranto)

pronunciamento pra^nAnsia'mento, -jnAnJ-

|-es -iz

pronunciation pra^nAnsi'e/an,

|-es -iz |-ed -t

progression pra'gre/an |-sive -'gresiv

proof pruf |-ed

prohibit pro'hibit |-ed -id |-ive -iv

-t

pruf

is

pa^-,

compounds.
proofread v 'pruf^rid |-read -^red

project n 'pradsekt, -dsikt

prop prop [propped prapt

project V pra'dsekt |-ed -id |-ction -k/an

propaganda

ful |tooth tue [further

'fs^tSa^;

-^uAn/i-

often heard, esp. in

prohibition jproa'bi/an

|full

&

jpromis'or)

l-ed -d

progress

|-d

-id

-'fesaCr; |-ate -it

^profa'sorial,

|-iat

-lat

|-tive -trv

productivity jprodAk'tivati

professor pra'fesa^;

-til

producible pra'djusabl, -'dius-, -'dus-

production pra'dAk/an

o are often pronounced with d in

prodigy 'pradadsi |-digious pra'didsas

ES

'fstJa

sg jpropa'gaenda |-ed -d

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

propagandism
Those words below in which the a sound

propagandism ^prapa'gaendizam

propagandum /a/5e

is spelt

-id

|-d

and

prosecute 'prasi^kjut, -,kiut

|-d -id

prosecution ^prasi'kju/an, -'kiu-

'ge/an

Red

propel pra'psl

ES

property ^rop^'ti;

|-tist -^aitist

ES -'ssp-,
ES -sa-

Proserpina pro'sypma;

'prap^C""

ES

-ta(r

proselyte 'prasl^ait |-d -id |-tism -aitjizam

-d |-lant, -lent -ant

propensity pra'pensati
'pi^apa^;

ES

prosecutor 'prasi^kjuta^, -^kiu-;

pro patria pro'petria

|-ne -jni, 'prasa-jpain;

'prapati; |-ied -d

-'sa-p-;

prosit 'prosit {Ger 'pro:zit)

prophecy 'prafasi
prophesy 'praf^/sai
prophet

prose proz proses 'proziz prosed prozd

/prapa-

|-tion

o are often pronounced with d in

proscription pro'skripjan |-tive -tiv

|-ist -ist

sg jprapa'gaendam

propagate 'prapa^get

proper

prototype

344

proslavery pro'slevri, -van |-ryism -jizam

|-sied -^said

'profit |-ess -is

prophetic pra'ftik

prosodist 'prasadist |-dy -di

-esses -isiz

prophylactic jprofa'Iaektik, ^prafa-

prospect 'praspEkt |-ed -id

-ikh

|-al -1 |-ally -Ii,

|-al -1 |-ally

prospectus pra'spektas, pra-

-li, -ikli |-laxis -'laeksis

prosper

propinquity pro'pmkwati, -'piO"

pra'spektiv

|-ive

prospector 'praspekt?, pra'spsk-;

ES

'praspa^;

ES

-ta(r

|-es -iz

-pa(r;

|-ed

-d

]-ing

'prasparig, 'prasprig |-ous -pras, -paras

propitiate adj pra'pi/nt, -ifii

propitiate v pra'piJiiCt |-ated -;etid

prosperity pras'perati

propitiatory pra'pijiaitori, -^tari; S -jtori

Prospero 'praspa^ro

propitious pra'pi/as

Prospice 'praspi^si

proponent pra'ponant

prostate 'prastet

Propontic pro'pantik

prostitute 'prasta^tjut, -jtiut, -^tut |-d -id

proportion

praVorJan,

E+-'paa-;
-bli 1-al

-/nit

-1,

ES

-'par-;

-'poa-,

|-ed -d |-able -abl, -/nab) |-bly

-Jnal |-ally

-Jnah

-li,

|-ate -it,

form pa'por/an

dissimilated

is

|-s

-iz |-d

proposition jprapa'zi/an

propound pra'paund

-d

protector pra'tekta^;

-'prita(r

|-'s

-iz

ES

-ta(r; |-ate -it, -trit

protege, -ee 'protayse, jprota'se {Fr prate'se)

The 2d pron.

is

ES

due

-ta(r;

to r -dis-

proteid 'protiid |-ide -^aid, -id

protein 'protiin

pro tern pro'tem [pro tempore pro't8mpa,ri

similation {121).

propriety pra'praiati ^

dissimilated pron.

pa'praiati is probably less freq. than ^impa-

and

protagonist pro'taeganist [-nism -;izam

protect pra'tkt |-ed -id |-ion -k/an |-ive -iv

ES

proprietor pra'praiata^, pa'prai-;

'praiati

prosy 'prozi

protean n chem. 'protian

|-al -I |-ally -li

proprietary pra'praia^teri

-tress -tris

prostitution jprasta'tju/an, -'tiu-, -'tu-

prostrate 'prastret |-d -id |-tion pra'stre/an

protean adj 'protian, pro'tian

|-sal -zl

|-ed -id

propraetor, -pret- pro'prita';

pro'staetik

Protagoras pro'taegaras

sometimes heard {121).

propose pra'poz

|-tic

Proterozoic jpratara'zo-ik
protest n 'protest
protest V pra'tEst |-ed -id

pa'praiata' {121).

propulsion pra'p^I/an |-sive -siv

protestant, P- 'pratistant |-ism

propylaeum ,prapa'liam

protestation jpratas'te/an

|-laea -'Ha

-jzam

pro rata pro'reta

Proteus 'protjus, 'protias

prorate n 'proret, v pro 'ret |-rated -'retid

prothalamion, P- jproOa'Iemijan, -an

prorogue pro'rog

|-d

Prothero 'pratSa^ro

prosaic pro'ze-ik

|-al -1 |-ally -Ii,

prosateur

-d |-gation ^prora'ge/an

jproza'ty;

ES

-'ts^;

{Fr

protocol 'protajkal, -^kol

proton 'protan

proza'toe:r)

proscenium pro'siniam

protoplasm 'protajplaezam

proscribe pro'skraib |-d -d

prototype 'prota^taip

Key:

See in full 3~47.

|bath baeO;

-iz

prothonotary pro'6anajtri, jproea'notari

-ikh

-'t3(r,

|-'s

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

|-ic

,prota'plaezmik

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'sg-gri

far |watch watj,

wotj (12) |jaw dsa

|gorge gards |go go

Those words below in which the a sound

prototypic jprotaUipik

is spelt

|-al -j |-ally -ji, -ikli

Protozoa, p- ^prota'zoa

|-n

protract pro'traekt |-ed -id

protrude pro'trud, -'triud

|-n

prussic 'prAsik
pry, P- prai pried praid

and

-ta^;

ES

Prynne prin

-t3(r

Pryor

|-d -id

protuberance pro'tjubarans,

'praia^;

ES

'prai-aCr

prythee 'priSi

-'tiu-, -'tu-

|-s

-ant -ant
I

proud praud

Przemysl 'pjemifl, -si

psalm sam |psalmed samd

|-ist -ist

psalmody 'samadi, 'sa^lmadi

Proust prust

Psalter, p- 'salta^;

|-d

-d |-d -d or -n -an

psaltery

ES

'salta(r

'saltan

'saltri,

provenance 'pravanans

pseudo 'sjudo,

Provengal jprovan'sal, jprav- {Fr prb'va'sal)

pseudonymous sju'danamas,
pshaw/a pshawed Jad

Provence

-n

|-ile -1, -il

protrusion pro'trusan, -'triu- |-sive -siv

prove pruv

o are often pronounced with d in

Prussia 'pr^/a

-n |-zoic -'zo-ik

protraction pro'traek/an |-tor

-iz

puberty

345

prototypic

pro'vans

'pravns,

{Fr

-iz

|-'s

|-nym -drijim

'siu-, 'su-

siu-, su-

praVa:s)

psi sai {Gk psi)

provender 'pravanda^;

ES

'pravanda(r; |-ed -d

provenience proVinians, -njans |-ent -ant

ES -sb, -yb, -ab |-ed -d

pra'vybial; ES -'vsb-, -'vyb-;

proverb 'pravs^b,
proverbial

-a^b;

psoriasis sa'raiasis

Psyche

'saiki

psychiatry sai'kaiatri
psychic 'saikik

l-Iy -I

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

psychiatric jsaiki'aetnk

|-trist -trist

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

provide praVaid |-vided -Vaidid

psychoanalysis ^saikoa'naelasis

providence, P- 'pravadans

|-'s

psychoanalyst jsaiko'aenhst

providential jprava'den/al

|-ly -i

province 'pravins

|-s

-iz |-nt -nt

psychoanalytic jsaikojaenl'itik

Provincetown 'pravms^taun
provincial pra'vinjal

psychoanalyze jsaiko'ajnljaiz

|-Iy -i |-ism

-jizam

|-r

provoke praVok

ES

-za(r

|p-

\-s

-iz |-d -d

pra'vakativ

|-tive

psychologize sai'kala^dsaiz

|-s

-iz j-d

-d |-gy

-dsi

psychometry sai'kamatn
psychoneurosis jsaiko-nju'rosis, -niu-, -nu-

|-d -t

provost 'pravast

|-ally

psychologism sai'kalajdsizam

|-al -1 |-ally -Ii

praVaiza^;

provocation jprava'ke/an

-1

|-ly -i, ikli

psychological jsaika'ladsikl

provinciality prajvm/i'aelati

provision pra'vi3an |-ed -d

proviso pra'vaizo

j-al

-h, -ikh

-iz

marshal 'prove 'marjal;

-roses -'rosiz
I

ES

-'ma;/-,

E + -'raa:X-

psychopath 'saika^paeO

prow prau pro wed praud

|-ths -Os

psychopathic ;saika'pae6ik

Prowers

'proa^z;

prowess 'pr^uis

ES

'pro-az;

proximal 'praksami
v

-iz |-ite -^ait

|-ly -i

'praksajmet

|-er -a^;

ES

-a(r

|-mate adj -mit

-an

|-'s

prudential, P- pru'denjal, priu|-d

pterodactyl ^tera'daektil,

Ptolemaic ^tala'me-ik

|-dish -i/

prudence, P- 'prudns, 'priudns

prune prun, priun

psychotherapy jsaiko'Gerapi

-iz |-nt -nt

-tl

|-al -1

Ptolemy 'talami
ptomaine, -ain 'tomen, to'men

|-ly -i

-d

ptosis 'tosis

prunella, P- pru'nela, priu-

ptyalin 'taialin

prunes and prism 'prunzn'prizam, 'priunz-

pub pAb

prurience 'prurians, 'priu- |-cy

puberty

|full

E + 'ta:m-

pteridophyte 'trado,fait

proxy 'praksi |proxied 'praksid

|-ry

psychosis sai'kosis |-choses -'kosiz

ptarmigan 'tarmagan; ES 'ta:m-,

|-d -id

proximity prak'simati

prude prud, priud

psychopathology jSaikopa'Galadsi

psychopathy sai'kapaOi

prowl praul |prowled prauld

proximate

|-'s

|-ed -t

-i |-ent

ful |tooth tuO Ifurther 'fytS*;

ES

-ant

'pjuba^ti, 'piu-;

ES

-bati

'btJa [custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how

hau

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij" [vision 'vijan |Eden 'id^ [cradle 'kred} [keep

|toy tai

'em

'kipipi


pubescence

punctuation

346

pubescence pju'besns, piu-

|-cy -i

|-iit

pule pjul, piul

-nt

pubis VJubis, 'piu-

|-d

-d

|-t>es

-S3(r

-biz

public 'pAblik

pull pul Ipulled puld

publican 'pAbhkan

pullet 'puht

publication jpAbli'ke/an

pulley 'puh

Pullman 'pulman |-s -z

n 'puljova^; ES

publicist 'p^blisist

pull-over

publicity pAb'lisati, pa'blispublicize 'p'^bh^saiz

publish 'paMiJ

Puccini

|-s

|-'s

pulmonary 'pAlmajneri
Pulmotor, p-

-iz

pulpit 'pulpit |-ed -id

pulpiteer ^pulpit'ir;

La

|-er -a^;

ES

-'i3(r,

ES

-3(r

S + -'3(r

pulpwood 'pAlpjWud

laepju's2l, -piu- {Fr lapy'sel)

pulque 'pulki, 'pulke

|-ish -ij

pucka 'pAka
pucker 'pAka-; ES

-^motaCr

puce pjus, plus

puck, P- pAk

ES

'pAljinota^, 'pul-;

pulp pAlp pulped pAlpt

pii'tjini {It put'tyirni)

Puccinia pAk'smia

Pucelle,

-iOV3(r

pullulate 'pAlJ3jlet |-d -id j-tion jpAlja'le/an

-d

-iz |-d

|-es -iz |-ed -t

Publius 'p-^bhas

pulsate 'pAlset
'pAkaCr;

-d

|-ed

|-ing

pAl'se/an

|-d -id j-tion

pulsatile 'pAlsat],

-til

pulse paIs pulses 'paIsiz pulsed pAlst

'pAkrio, 'pAkarig

pudding 'pudig, humorous 'pudn

Pulteney

puddle 'pAdl

pulverization jpAlvara'ze/an, -ai'z-

puddly

|-d

'pA-dli,

-d

-'ing

'p^dhg, 'pAdlig

'pAltni, 'polt-

pulverize 'pAlva^raiz

'pAdji

pudd'nhead, P- 'pudn,hed

puma

pudency 'pjudnsi, 'piu- |-dent -dnt

pudendum pju'dendam, piu- |-da -da
pudgy 'pAdsi

pumice 'pAmis

-iz |-d -d

|-s

-iz |-d -t

pummel 'pAinl |-ed -d

pummice 'pAinis |-s -iz
pump pAmp pumped pAmpt

puerile 'pjuojril, V^J-. -ral

pumpernickel 'pAmpa^jiiikl;

puerility ^pjuaVibti, jpiua-

ES

puerperal pju'yparol, piu-;

-'sp-, -'yp-

Puerto Rico jpwErta'riko |-can -kan

P- pa! l-ed

|-s

'pjuma, 'piu-

pumice-stone 'pAmis^ston, 'pAim^ston

Pueblo, p- 'pweblo, he. pju'eblo, piu-

puff,

ES

Pulitzer 'pjuhtsa^, 'pra-, formerly 'pul-;

pubic 'pjubik, 'piu-

pumpkin 'pAmpkin,
formant

-t |-ball -jbal

to

said,

"We

ES 'pAmpa-

'pAijkin

L.A.

in-

were drilled in school not

say 'pAokin," eloquent testitnony

to

its

The two prons. are ahnost

puffin 'p^fiii

prevalence.

pug pAg pugged pAgd

Puget 'pjudsit, 'piu-

equally

common.

Both are phonetically

normal.

'pAgkin

is historically parallel to

Pugh(e) pju, piu

'pAmpkin, both being normal phonetic de-

pugilism VJudsaJizom, 'pm-

velopments from earlier 'pAmkin (pumkin).

|-list -list

pugilistic /pjudsa'hstik, ^piu- ]-al -1 |-ally

pugnacious pAg'ne/as |-nacity -'naesati

Cf 124.11.
pumpkin-headed 'pAgkin'hedid
pun pAn punned pAnd

pug-nosed 'pAg'nozd ('pug-jnosed

punch, P- pAiitJ

-ji.

-ikh

'lassie)

puisne 'pjuni, 'piuni

puissance

'pjuisns,

'piu-,

pju'isns,

piu-.

'pwisns |-sant -snt

puke pjuk, piuk

pukka 'pAka

|-es -iz |-ed -t

Punch-and-Judy 'pAntJan'dsudi, -'dsiupuncheon 'pAnt/an

Punchinello jpAnt/a'nelo
punctilio pAgk'tilijO |-tilious -'tibas, -Ijas

|-d -t

punctual

Pulaski Count pu'laeskai, -ki;

US

pa'laeskai

'pAgktJual,

-t/ul

pulchritude 'pAlkri^tjud, -;tiud, -^tud

punctuate 'pAgkt/ujet

pulchritudinous jpAlkri'tjudnas, -'tiud-, -'tud-

punctuation jpAgkt/u'e/an

Key;

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

bee bi |pity

bae (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

|-ly

-i

j-ity

/PAgkt/u'aslati
|-d -id

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg jangry 'asg-gn

far |watch wat/,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

puncture

pustular

347

ES

puncture 'pAgktJV;

'pAgktfaCr;

-d

|-d

pundit 'pAndit

punish 'pAnif

|-cy -i |-gent

purl pyl;

ES

psl, p?l; |-ed -d

ES 'ps-, 'pyES pa-, py-,

purlieu 'pylu, -bu;

-abl

py'bm,

punitive 'pjunativ, 'piu-

purloin

Punjab pAn'dsab |-i

punk pAgk
punkah, -ka 'p^gka
punkin 'pAgkin

purple 'pypl;

-i

pa--;

ES

E + -pD3t

ES

purport V

'pAnst3(r

pa- 'port, 'pyport, -art;

'pspoat, 'pypoat,

puny VJunij 'pmpup pAp pupped pApt |-py

pupa 'pjupa, 'piu- |-1 -p!
1

purpose 'pypas;

Pupin pju'pin, piupuppet 'pApit

pur py; ES p3(r, py;
Purbeck 'pybek; ES

|-s -IZ

Vs'-

'p3sl, Vs^sl
'p3- 'p3'-;

purchasability jpytjasa'bibti;

|-'s

ES

ES 'pa-, 'pyES 'ps-, 'ps'-;

|-s

-iz

purdah 'pyda; ES 'ps-, 'ps'Purdue p'dju, -'diu, -'du; ES papurebred

ES

pju3(r, piu3(r; |-d -d

'pjur'bred,

ES

'piur-;

'pju3-.

'piu3-; ('pure,bred 'horse)

puree pju're, piu-, 'pjure, 'piure {Fr py're)

purfle 'pyfj;

-fbg

\n

ES

'p3-> 'ps'-; |-d

-d |-hng -flig.

purgation py'gefan;

ES

p3-,

purgatory, P- 'pygajtori,

purge pyds;
purgery 'pydsari;

ES

ES

'psga-

purulence 'pjuralans, 'piura-, -rjalans

purview 'pyvju, -viu; ES

pus PAS \pl puses 'pASIZ

-i

'p3-, 'py-

Pusey 'pjuzi, 'piu- |-ism -^izam

push n, V puj Ipushes 'pujiz [pushed puft
push intj puf, pj &" various other pufs
pushball 'pufjbal

ES

-jka:t,

E + -ika:t

pusillanimity jpjusla'nimati, ^piu-

-d

-iz |-d

puss pus

purify 'pjurajfai, 'piura-

pussy 'pursy' 'pAsi

|full

1-cy

Purvey 'pyvi; ES 'p3vi, 'pyvi

purvey pa-'ve; ES pa've; |-ed -d |-ance -ans
purveyor pa-'vea-; ES pa've-a(r

pussy 'caf 'pusi

pussy ^like pus' 'pASi

purism 'pjurizam, 'piur-

-d

pusillanimous jpjusl'aenamas, ^piu|-s

'psds-, 'pyds-

|-fied -^faid

'piu-, 'pu-

pa-; |-d

pursuivant 'pyswrvant; ES 'p3s-, 'pyspursy 'pysi; ES 'pssi, 'pysi; substandard

purification jpjurafa'kefan, jpiura-

Purim 'pjunm,

ES

Pushkin 'pufkin

py-

-jtari;

E + -jt3ri
ES psds, pyds;

-'sju;

|-suit -t

pushcart 'pu/^kart;

-fbg

jton, 'py-,

|-ant -ant

pa-'su, -'siu,

|-lent -lant

l-d -t

pure pjur, piur;

pursue

'pASI

-iz

^ps-, ipy-

purchasable 'p^'t/asabj;
'p3"t/3s, -is;

'p3-, 'py-; |-s -iz |-d -t

ES p3(r, py; |-ed -d

ES p3s, pys; |-s -iz |-d -t
purse-proud 'pys^praud; ES 'pss-, 'pyspurser 'pysa-; ES 'p3sa(r, 'pys3(r
purslane 'pysbn, -len; ES 'pss-, 'pyspursuance pa-'suans, -'siu-, -'sju-; ES pa-;

ES 'ps-, 'pyPurcell composer 'p3"sl; ES 'p3- 'p^"Purcell Okla pa^'sel; ES pa'sel; Can 'pa^sl; ES

purchase

pa'poat.

purse pys;

purblind 'p^/blaind;

ES

ES

ES

|-ed -id

purr py;

-i

|-red -d
'p3-.

E + -aat;

|-dly -tb |-sive -iv

pupil 'pjupj, 'piu- |-ed -d |-age -ids

'p3't/3s;

pa-; |-ed -d

'psp-. 'ps'P-; |-d -d |-ling

-pbo. -pbg |-lish -pb/, -plif

purport n 'pyport, -part; ES 'pspoat, 'pypoat,

punt pAnt punted 'pAntid

Punxsutawney jpAgksa'tani

Purchas

|-ally

purity 'pjurati, 'piurati

-dsant

|-es -iz |-ed -t |-able

punster 'pAnsta^;

-jzam

|-al -1

-h, -ikh

pung pAg Ipunged pAgd

pungence 'pAndsans
Punic VJunik, 'piu-

|-al -j |-al]y -li, -ikli

puritanic jpjura'taenik, ^piura-

pAn'ditikl

|-ical

puristic pju'ristik, piu-

Puritan, p- 'pjurotn, 'piura- |-ism

|-ring 'pAoktfariij, 'pAoktfrig

{Heb pu'rim)

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fytJa-;

pussyfoot 'pusijfut |-ed -id

pustular 'pAstJala-;

|-ist -ist

ES

ES

-Ia(r

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while bwail [how

(using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vijan

[Eden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

Pym pim

pustulation jpAst/a'le/an
pustule 'pAst/ul

|-d

'throw,' V 'place'

put n

'rustic'

'putt'

Pynchon, -cheon 'pintjan

-d

put
put

quadrisyllable

348

pustulation

pyorrhea, -rhoea jpaia'ria, pai'ria

put

pyramid, P- 'piramid |-mided -^nudid

pAt

pyramidal pi'raemadl

pAt Iputted 'pAtid

|-ly -i

Put pAt

Pyramus 'pir^m^s

putative 'pjutativ, 'piu-

pyre pair;

in Bay ^putin'be
Putman 'p'^tman
Putnam 'p^tnam |-ney

Pyrenees 'pira^niz |-nean jpira'nian

Put

putrescence pju'tresns, piu- |-cy

Pyrex, p- 'pairsks

-i |-nt

pyridin 'piradin |-dine -^din,

-snt

Puttenham

pyromancy
see Putnam
ES 'pAta(r
ES 'puta(r

'p'^tnam, 'pAtnam

putter 'who puts' 'puta^;

putty

ES

pyrotechnic ^paira'teknik

Pyrrha

[-ally

[-'s

-iz

Pythagoras pi'Gaegaras

[-'s

-iz

Pythian 'piBian

-d |-ling 'pAzlig, 'pAzjirj

Pythias ^lOias

|-'s

-iz

Pygmalion pig'meljan,

Pythius 'piOi3S

[-'s

-iz

-lian

Python, p- 'paiBan, -6an;

pythoness 'paiOanis

-z

[-'s

ES + -6Dn

-iz

pyloric pa'brik, pai-, -'lar-, -Uor-

pyx piks [pyxes 'piksiz [pyxed pikst

pyxidium piks'idiam |-dia -dia

pylorus pa'loras, pai-,

pyxie 'piksi

Q, q letter kju, kiu

kiuz
Qirghiz kir'giz;

ES

-'lar-;

\pl Q's,

-'lor-

Qs, poss Q's kjuz,

quadrature 'kwadrat/a*^, 'kwod-, -/t/ur;

kia-;

[-'s

quadrennial kwad'rsnial, kwod-, -njal

-iz

quadragesimal Jkwadr^'d3^saml, jkwnd-

quadrangle 'kwadraeggj, 'kwod-

|-d

-ri

[-ly -i

-d

quadricentennial JkwadrISEn't^nI^l,

jk>vTjd-,

-njal [-ly -i

quadrilateral ^kwadra'Iastaral, -tral, jkwnadl-iy;i

quadripartite

quadratic kwad'raetik, kwod-

quadrisyllabic ^kwadrasiUaebik, jkwTjd-

quadrille kwa'dril, ka'dril |-d -d

-'pa:t-,

jkwadri'partait,

jk^vod-;

ES

E + -'pa:t-

bee bi [pity 'p'ti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg |angr>' 'asg-gri
baO (10) [ah a [far far [watch wat/, wot/ (12) [jaw djD [gorge gards |go go

See in full 3-47.

\-\y -i

quadrennium kwad'reniam, kwod-

quadrant 'kwadrant, 'kwod- [-al kwad'raentl

quadrate adj, n 'kwadrit, 'kwod-, -ret
quadrate v 'kwadret, 'kwod- [-d -id

[bath baeO:

ES

-tja(r, -jt/uaCr

quack kwaek [-ed -t [quackery 'kwaekari,

quad kwad, kwod |-rat -rat
Quadragesima jkwadra'dgEsama, jkwod-

Key:

-li,

'pira

pyemia, -aemia pai'imia

[-s

-1

Pythagorean pijGaega'rian

{Fr pyvi:sda/a'van, pyvid/a'van)

Pygmy, p- 'pii^n" |-ied -d

pyjama pa'dsaema, pa'dsama
pylon 'psilan; ES + -lDn

|-al

-ikli |-s -s

Pyrrhus 'piras

'pAti [puttied 'p^tid

'p'^zl |-d

'p3ir3,niaensi

pyrrhic, P- 'pn'ik

'pAta(r; |-ed -d

Puvis de Chavannes pjuVisda/a'vaen, piupuzzle

-dm

-jfaam

pyromania ^paira'menia

-d

putter 'who putts' 'p^ta^;

putter V 'pAta*;

ES

pyrography pai'ragrafi, -'rng-

putt pAt Iputted 'pAtid

|-d

pyriform 'pira/farm;

pyrites pa'raitiz, pai-, 'pairaits

^pi\x-

Putsch Ger put/

puttee 'pAti

-'ri6-

pyretic pai'retik

-ri- ^]}}utr3 iiai, 'piu- |-fied -jfaid

putrid 'pjutrid,

-iz

paia(r

pyrethrum, P- paiVeOram,
'pAtni

putrefaction jpjutra'faek/an, jpiuputrefy,

ES

|-'s

quadrisyllable 'kwadrajSibbl, 'kwod-

ES

quarter 'kwart*;

quadrivalent jkwadraVebnt, ^kwod-, kwad'rivabnt,

question

349

quadrisyllable

kwod-

{121).

ES
ES

kwod- |-vium -viam

quadroon kwad'run, kwod-

quarterback 'kwarta^^hask;

quadruped 'kwadra^ped, 'kwod-

quartermaster 'kwarta^jinaesta^;

quadrivial kwad'nvial,

quadruple

adj,

n,

'kwadrupl,

kwad'rupl, kwod-, -'riu-

|-d

jHiaestaCr,

-d |-ling -phi).

quarterstaff

E + -jmas-,

kwad-

kwod-, -'nuadj

quadruplicate

'kwoata-

ES

'kwaata-

-^mas-

ES

'kwarta^jStaef;

'kwoata-.

ES

-jStevz,

kwaa'tet

ES 'kwaatES 'kwaato
quartz kw3rts; ES kwaats; |-ite -ait
quash kwaj, kwoj |-es -iz |-ed -t
quartile 'kwartail,

-tj, -til;

quarto 'kworto;
v

kwad'ruplijket, kwnd-, -'nu-

l-d -id

quaestor 'kwesta^;

ES

quasi 'kwesai, 'kwezai, 'kwasi

'kw8st3(r

quaff kwaef, kwaf, kwof, kwaf;

E+kwaf;

Quassia, q- 'kwa/ia, 'kwo/-, -/a

quaggy 'kwaegi, 'kwagi, 'kwogi

quagmire 'kwaeg^mair, 'kwag-, 'kwng-; ES

-'tsn-, -'tyn-

ES

quaternion kwa'tynian, -njan;

-'tsn-.

-'tyn-

ES

quatorze kae'torz, ka-;

-jmai3(r

quahog, -haug 'kwohog, 'ko-, -hog, kwa'hog.

-'taaz

quatrain 'kwatren, 'kwnt-

Quatre Bras Fr katra'bra

-'hog
quail kwel [quailed kweld

quatrefoil

quaint kwent

'kaetra-;

'kaeta^jfail,

ES

'kaeta-.

'kaetra-; |-ed -d

quait kwet |quaits kwets = quoit

Quaits

is

not a corruption of quoits, but is probably

the earlier spoken

form,

used by players.

still

Quaitso 'kwetso

quake kwek |quaked kwekt

Quaker 'kweka^; ES %wek3(r;
qualify 'kwabjfai, 'kwolqualitative 'kwab^tetiv,

ES

'kwev3(r; |-ed -d [-ing

'kwevarig, 'kwevrig

quay ki |-ed kid

quean kwin

'kudj

|-age

Quebec kwi'bek
quebracho ke'brat/o
queen kwin [queened kwind

|-fied -jfaid

Queens kwinz

'kwob-

quality 'kwabti, 'kwol- |-ied -d

|-'s

-iz

ES kwia(r, S+kwa(r; |-ed -d

kwel jquelled kweld
quench kwentj [quenches 'kwent/iz |-ed
quell

1-able -abl |-bly

|-fied -^faid

ES

quercetin 'kwysitin;

quercine 'kwysin, -am;

'kwss-, 'kwys-

-d

kwaalz, kwa:lz;

querulous 'kweralas, 'kwerjalas, -rulas

quarantine 'kwaran^tin, 'kwar-, 'kwnr-

ES

'kwss-, 'kwys-

ES

Quercus 'kwykas; ES 'kwskas, 'kwykquern kwyn; ES kwsn, kws^n

|-ta -to

|-d

-t

-bh

quantity 'kwantati, 'kwon-

Quarles kwarlz, kwarlz;

-land

queer kwir;

quantitative 'kwantajtetiv, 'kwon-

quantum 'kwantam, 'kwon-

|-land -^laend,

|-town -jtaun |-ton -tan

qualm kwam, kwom, kwam

Quanah 'kwona, 'kwona
quandary 'kvvandri, 'kwon-, -dan
quantify 'kwanta^fai, 'kwon-

quaver 'kweva^;

queasy 'kwizi
]-ism -jizain

qualification jkwabfa'ke/an, ;kwnl-

query 'kwin [queried 'kwirid

-IZ

quarrel 'kworal, 'kwar-, 'kwor-,

quarry 'kw3ri, 'kwari, 'kwnri

quart kwart; ES kwoat
quartan 'kwortn;

ES

quaternary kwa'ts^nan;

|-ed -t

[full

'kwaata-

E + -jStaf, -jstaf \pl -s -s or -staves

-jstaevz; E + -jStavz, -^stavz
quartet, -tte kwar'tet;

kwnd-.

kwad'ruplikit,

-'nu-, -jket

l-'s

quadruplets 'kwadruiplits, 'kwod-,

'ruphts,

quarter-deck 'kwarta^^dEk

'kwnd-,

-plio

quadruplicate

'kwoataCr; |-ed -d

dissimilated form 'kwota^ is sometimes heard

-rl |-ed

|-ied

-d

-d

question 'kwest/an [-ed -d [-able -abl [-bly

ES 'kwaatn

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytSa^;

Quesnay ke'ne {Fr ke'ne)

quest kwest [quested 'kwestid
-bh |-ary -/en

ES

'fsjJa

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

Visan jEden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


questionnaire
questionnaire ^WEstJan'er,

ES

quo warranto

350

-'aer;

-'3(r.

quintessence kwin'tesns

-iz

j-s

quintessential jkwinta'sEn/al

-'aE3(r

questor 'kwEsta^;

ES

queue kju, kiu [queued kjud,

Quezon 'kezan,

-zrni

{Am Sp

quibble 'kwibj -d -d

quick kwik -ed

quintet, -tte

'kwestaCr

kmd

Quintilian kwm'tiljan, -lian

'keson)

quintillion kwm'tiljan

Quints, q- kwints

|-ling 'kwiblig, -blii)

-t |-en

[-ly -i

kwm'tet

-an |-ened -and j-ening

'kwikanig, 'kwiknig

quintuple

'kwintupl, -tjupl, kwin-

n, adj, v

'tupl, -'tiu-, -'tju- |-d

-d

(-ling -plig, -plig

quintuplets 'kwintaplits, -tu-, kwm'tuplits,

quicklime 'kwik^laim

Quickly 'kwikli

-'tiu-, -'tju-, -'tAp-

quicksand 'kwik^saend

quip kwip [-ped

quickstep 'kwik^step -stepped -jStept

quire kwair;

ES

-ster

-t

quick-witted 'kwik'witid ('quick-twitted ^man)

Quirinal 'kwiranl

quid kwid

quirk

quiddity 'kwidati

quirt kwyt;

ES

-sta'-;

kwaia(r;

|-d

kwyk; ES kwsk, kwyk;

ES

-sta(r

-d

[-ed -t

kw3t, kwyt; |-ed -id

quidnunc 'kwid^nAgk

Quisling 'kwizlig

quiescence kwai'Esns |-scent -snt

quit kwit [-ted -id or quit kwit

quiet 'kwaiat [quieted 'kwaiatid

quitclaim 'kwit^klem [-claimed -^klemd

quietude 'kwaia^tjud, -,tiud, -^tud

quite kwait

quietus kwai'itas [quietuses kwaiHtasiz

Quito

quill

'kito

quitrent 'kwit^rent

kwil quilled kwild

1

quittance 'kwitns

quillet 'kwilit

ES

Quiller-Couch 'kwila^'kutj;

'kwila-;

|-'s

j-s

ES

quiver 'kwiva^;

-iz

'kwiva(r;

|-ed

-d [-ing

'kwivrig, 'kwivarig

-IZ

Quixote,

quilt kwilt [quilted 'kwiltid

quinary 'kwainan

jdanki'hoti, -'kwiksat;

quixotic kwiks'atik; ES-h-'ot-;

quinazoline kvvin'aezajin, -lin

quince kwins [quinces 'kwinsiz

quincunx

Don

ES-i-

^don-; {Sp -ki'xote)

'kwinkAgks,

'kwig-

[-ally

|-cunxes

quiz kwiz [quizzes 'kwiziz [quizzed kwizd

'kwinzi

quohog, -haug 'kwahag,

-kAgksiz

quizzical 'kwizikj [-ly

Quincy 'kwinsi; Mass

|-al -1

-h, -ikh

city b' family

quindecennial ^kwindi'senial, -njal

|-ly -i

-ikli

-i,

'ko-, -hog,

kwa'hag.

-'hDg = quahog

quinine 'kwainain

quoin kain, kwain

quinnat 'kwinaet

quoit kwait [quoits kwaits, less freq. kait(s)

quinoidine kwi'naidin,
quinoline 'kwinl^in, -in

-dm
[-lin

|-din

-dm

-in

quinone kwi'non ('quinpne 'compound)

|-ed -d

see quait

quondam 'kwandam, 'kwondam

quorum 'kworam, 'kwaram; S 'kworam

Quiriquagesima ^kwinkwa'dsEsama, jkwig-

quota 'kwota quotaed 'kwotad

quinquennial kwm'kwenial, kvvig-, -njal [ly

quotation kwo'te/an,

-I

[-nium

-mam, -njam

quinsy 'kwmzi
quint cards kwint,

kmt

quote kwot,

less freq.

less freq

ko'te/an

kot [-d -id [-table -abl

[-bly -bh
quoth kwo6 [quotha 'kwoOa

quintain 'kwmtin

quotidian kwo'tidian, -'tidjan

quintal 'kwintj

quotient 'kwofant

quintan 'kwmtan

quo warranto 'kwo wa'riento, wa-, wd-, wa-

Key;

See in full 3-^7.

[bath baeG;

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret jyet Jt [sang saeg [angry 'ieg-gn
baO (10) jah a [far far [watch watj, wutj (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

rainbow

351

R
R,

r letter ax;

ES

arz;

ES

a:(r; \pl R's,

Rs, poss R's

radiolarian jredio'lerian, -'la-

radiology jradi'aladsi; ES-f-'dI-

E+a:(r, a:z

a:z,

rabbet Vaebit [rabbeted 'raebitid

radiometer jredi'amata';

rabbi 'raebai

radiophone 'redia^fon

rabbinical rae'bmikl, ra-

ES

-'amata(r, -'om-

radioscope 'rediajskop

|-ly -i

ES + -'ds-

rabbit 'raebit [rabbited 'raebitid

radioscopy ^radi'askapi;

rabble 'raebj

radiotelegram 'radio 'tela jgraem

Rabelais

jraebl'e, 'raebj^e

radiotelegraphy 'redi/Ota'legrafi

{Fr ra'bk)

Rabelaisian jraebl'ezian, -3311

radiotelephony 'redijota'lefani

rabid 'raebid

radiotherapy 'radio'eErapi

rabies 'rebiz, 'rebi^iz, 'raeb-

radiothorium ^radio'eoriam, -'Gar-; S -'6or-

Rabindranath

radish 'raedi/ [radishes 'raedifiz

ES

-'gar;

Tagore

-'go3(r,

ra'bindrajnatta'gor.

E + -'g33(r

radium 'rediam
radium therapy 'rediam'Oerapi

raccoon rae'kun

radius 'redias

race res [races 'resiz [raced rest

racecourse 'res^kors, -^kars;

-jkaas;

ES

-^koas,

E+

ES

-iz

j-s

Radnor

[-es -iz [radii 'radical

ES

'raedna';

- Jia(r,

-na(r; [-shire -iJir, -JV;

-JaCr

radon 'radan; ES-h-dnn

raceme re'sim, ra'sim |-d -d

Rachel name 'retjal, powder Fr
rachitis ra'kaitis [-chitic -'kitik

Raeburn 'reba^n; ES 'raban

Raemaekers 'ramaka'z; ES 'ramakaz;

Rachmaninov,

Rafael

rak'manijnaf, raek-, -itmi

-off

racial 'rejal, 're/ial

Racine

ra'/el

raffia 'raefia, -f ja

rack raek [racked ra^kt

raffle 'raefl

racket

raft raeft;

[racketed 'riekitid

ES

racketeer ^raekit'ir;

-'i3(r;

ES

raconteur ^raekan'ta^;

S+-'3(r [-ed -d

-kan'tsCr,

-kon-.

[d -d

j-ling 'raefjig, 'raeflig

E+raft, raft;

rafter 'raefta';

ES

[-ed -id

'raefta(r,

E + 'raf-,

'raf-

rag raeg [ragged raegd

ragamuffin 'raega^mAfin, 'raeg^mAfm

-'tS'

racquet
racy

rage rads rages 'redsiz [raged redsd

'rjekit

ragged adj 'raegid

'resi [racily 'resli, -sili

raglan 'raeglan

Radcliff(e), -clyffe 'n^dklif

raddleman 'raedlman [-men -man

ragman 'raegjinaen, -man [-men -man

ragman document 'raegman

radial 'radial [-ly -i

ragout rae'gu

raddle 'raedl

|-d

-d [ling

'raedjirj,

radiance 'radians, 'redjans

[-s

'rtedbg

-iz |-ant -ant

radiator 'radi^ata^;
radical 'raedikl [-ly

ES

|-s

ragweed

'redi,ata(r

rail rel [railed

railhead 'raljhed

E+-jkast,

-/kast

radiogram 'rediajgrsm
'radia^graef;

said to be

raid

rallery
still

'raelari,

aw

old variant,

heard.

railroad 'relirod [railroaded 'ral^rodid

ES+-igraf, -jgraf;

railway 'ral^we

raiment 'ramant

j-ed -t

radiographer jredi'agrafa', -'og-;

[full

raillery 'ralari
is

radiograph

-jpika(r

'raegjwid

radioactivity 'redijOk'tivati
'redio'brad^kaest;

ES

raid rad [raided 'radid

-i, -ikli

radio 'radi^o |-ed -d [-active jredio'aektiv

radiobroadcast

-z [-ed -d j-ing -ig

ragpicker 'rasgjpika^;

ragtime 'raegjtaim

radiate 'radi,et [-d -id -tion jredi'ejan

[-phy

-iz

raff raef [raffish 'riefij

-ly -i

ra'sin, {Fr ra'sin)

'raekit

[-'s

'raefial, 'refial

ES

[-ed -id

rain ran [rained rand

rainbow 'ren,bo [-bowed -jbod

-fi

ful [tooth tue [further 'fytJa-;

-fa(r;

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

raincoat

352
rancor 'raegka';

raincoat 'ren^kot -ed -id

|

ES + -jdrDp

raindrop 'ren^drap;
rainfall hen^i^l

Rainier,

Mount

re'nir;

rainier 'wetter' 'renia^;

ES re'ni3(r
ES 'reni'a(r

Rangely 'rendsli

Rangoon rasg'gun

ES

-dolf

range rends [ranges 'rendsiz [ranged rendsd

'ren^pruf -proofed -^pruft

rainstorm 'renjStDrm;

'raBgk3(r; [-ous -as, -kras

rang raeg

rainproof adj 'ren'pruf ('rain^proof 'hat)

rainproof

ES

Randolph 'raendalf,
random 'raendam

'ren^staam

rangy, -gey 'rendsi

Ranier re'nir;

raintight 'ren'tait ('rain^tight 'roof)

ES
rainworm 'ren^wym; ES -jwsm, -jwym
rainwater 'ren^wota', -jwata^, -jwnta^;

ES

-'nia(r

rank r^egk [ranked raegkt

-t3(r

rankle 'raegkl

-d [-ling 'raegkbg, -klig

[-d

raise rez raises 'reziz [raised rezd

ransack 'raensaek [ransacked 'rasnsaekt

raisin 'rezn

ransom 'raensam [ransomed 'raensamd

raison d'etre 'rezDii'det {Fr rszo'deitr)

rant raent [ranted 'raentid

rads |raja, -jah 'radsa

Rajput 'radsput

rapacious ra'pejas |-pacity -'paesati

rake rek [raked rekt

rape rep [raped rept

Raleigh 'roh

rapeseed 'rep^sid

rally 'raeb [rallied 'raehd

Raphael painter

rap raep [rapped raept

raj

Ralph raelf ref is chiefly British

ram raem [rammed raemd

rapid 'raepid

Ramadan

Rapidan

jraema'dan

ramble 'raembl

[-d

-d [-ling 'raemblig, -blig

'raemajsiz

[-'s

-iz

ES

-'faia(r; ('rapid-jfire

ES

'repi-aCr, -pja(r

rapidity ra'pidati

[+r3'misiz

rapier 'repia^, 'repja^;

ramification jraemafa'ke/an

rapine 'raepin

ramiform 'raemajfarm; ES 'raemajfoam

Rappahannock ^raepa'hanak

ramify 'raemajfai [ramified 'raemajfaid

rapparee

ramp raemp [ramped raempt

rapport ras'port, -'part;

rampage n 'raempeds [-geous raem'pedsas

rampage v raem'peds j-s -iz [-d -d
rampant 'raempant [-pancy -pansi
rampart 'raempart, 'raempa't; ES -pa:t, -pat,

E + -pa:t

|-d

ES

-'poat, E-h-'paat;

rapprochement Fr raprof' ma
rapscallion raep'skaeljan

rapt raept
'raeptJa^;

ES

'raeptJaCr; j-rous

rare rer, rr;

ES

erroti.

'rer-;

ES

apart from

ramtil 'raemtil

rarefaction

ran raen

ra(r,

ES

raea(r; [rarer -ra^;

-ra(r

rarebit

-d

ramson 'raemzn, -sn

(Welsh)

for
see

rare;

Welsh

rabbit

rarebit is

'r2rjbit,

nnknoicn

rarebit,

jrera'faekjan,

^raer-;

^raer-;

[-tive -tiv

raent/

[ranches

[ranched

'raentjiz

rarefy 'rerajfai, 'raer-; S 'raer-; |-fied -jfaid

Raritan 'raeratn

raentjt

ranchero raen'tjero {Sp ran-)

rarity 'rerati, 'raer-; S 'raer-

ranchman 'raent/man [-men -man

rascal 'raeskl [rascally 'raeskli

rancho

rascality raes'kaelati

'raent/o, 'ran-

rancid 'raensid [rancidity rasn'sidati

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

-as

rara avis 'rera'evis [rarae aves 'reri'eviz

Ramses 'raemsiz |-ses' -siz

Ramsgate 'raemzjget, Brit 'raemzgit
ramshackle 'raemjaekl

^raepa'ri

{Fr ra'pair)

rapture

ramrod 'raem^rad; ES-f-^rod

Ramsay, -sey 'raemzi

Key:

'raef-,

'gun)

ramie 'raemi

ranch

name

^raepa'daen

rapid-fire 'raspid'fair;

ramekin 'raemakin

Rameses

pers.

'raefial,

'ref-

bee bi [pity

baO (10) [ah a

[far

rase rez [rases 'reziz [rased rezd

'piti (6)

[rate ret [3^et Jt [sang saeg [angry 'feg-gri

far [watch watj,

wntj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

rash

353

rash rae/ rashes

ES

'rae/a^;

Raton

'rae/iz

rasher

Rask task
Rasmussen 'rasmAsn

ratsbane 'raets^ben
rattan rae'taen |-ned -d

-t

E + 'raz-,

raspberry 'raez^beri, -ban;

'raz -

rattle 'rtetl |-d -d |-ling 'raetlio, Vtetlig

rattlebrain 'rsetljbren |-ed -d

raes'pjutin, -'piu-, ras'putin

Rasselas 'raesajaes, -las

ES

rasure 'rega^;

rattail 'raet^tel

rasp raesp; E+rasp, rasp; |-ed

Rasputin

rae'tun ('Rajton ^Pass)

ratoon rae'tun |-ed -d

'rf3(r

rattlehead 'raetl^hEd |-headed -'hedid ('rattle-

-iz

|-'s

-headed 'notion)

're33(r

ES

rat raet ratted 'raetid

rattler 'raetla^, 'raetla^;

ratable, ratea- 'retabl |-bly -bli

rattlesnake 'raetj^snek

ratafia jraeta'fia

rattletrap 'raetl^traep

ratan rae'ta;n |-ned -d

rattly

rataplan ^raeta'plaen |-ned -d

rattrap 'raet^trajp

ratch raetj |ratches

ratchet

|ratched raetjt

'rtetjiz

racheted

'raet/it

raucous 'rakas

ravel 'raevl |-ed -d |-ing 'raevbg, 'raevlig

-ban

'raeejbon,

raven bird 'revan

raven

rathe retJ

NEngd

VistJaCr, Va?$-, 'ratJ-;--In

Atlas

Linguistic

the

'raeSaCr, 'retS-,

VaS-,

shows

among

'ra<5-

that

that

'ratiaCr,

'raeSaCr

In

US

the

overwhelmingly

VaS- 6eig

'raS-, 'retS-,

a whole

'rae'Sa',

prevails,

'raS-,

as

'raeSaCr,

like

gather,

lather,

ravish 'raevij

ray,

ratio 're/o {as

'rae/an,

'rejan;

-d

ES

'reza-; |-ed -t

razz raez razzes 'raziz razzed raezd

|

mil. 'rre/an 1-ed

-d

razzle-dazzle

'raezljdaezl

razzle-dazzle v ,raezl'diEz!, 'raezlidaezi |-d -d

|-ly -i

|-ism -jizam

|-ist

ist

|-fing -zlig, -z|ig

jtae/anl'istik

|-al

-1

r-colored 'ar^kAla^d;
-!^

|-ally

re

-ikh

music

re,

prep

ES

'atikAlad, E-j- 'ai-

ri

re- prefix: stressed 'ri-, ^ri-, 'r-, ^re-; unstr.

rationality jrae/a'naelati

n-,

rationalize 'rae/anljaiz, -/nal-

|-s -iz |-d -

Ratisbon 'rtizjban,

ES+-;bDn

ratline, -lin 'raetlin

'raetis-;

'fy'Sa';

ri-,

ra-;/of the unstr. form when only

is given in the vocabulary, it is to he

stood that

many

ES

'fstSa

ri-

under-

speakers {both British and

American) also pronounce

-fined -lind

tooth tue further

full ful
I

+ 'renhsem

'reza(r

razorback 'rez^jbaek;

rationale jraeja'nael, -'nah, -'neli

rationaUstic

loc.

ES

razor 'reza^;

-/a nig, -Jnig

rational 'rae/anl

rayed red

raze rez razes 'reziz razed rezd

'rejijo)

ES + -'ds-; |-d
ratiocinate adj jtaeji'asnit; ES + -'dsratiocination jraejijasn'ejan; ES + -jDS|-ing

'reli

rayon 'rean, -nn

ratified 'raeta^faid

ratiocinate v jra2/i'asn,et;

ration

re

Raymond 'remand
Raynham 'renam. Mass

-jkelaCr

ratification jraetafa'kejan

ratify 'rasta^fai

R-

Rayleigh

ES

'horse)

rawhide 'ra^haid [rawhided 'rojhaidid

The

is 'ra33(r

rathskeller 'ratSjkela^;

|-es -iz |-ed -t

raw ra
rawboned 'ra'bond ('raw-boned
Ravvdon 'radn

Gather,

Mather, blather, slather, fathom.

Brit form

ravine 'gorge' ra'vin

'raeSa^,

is

in 0/'o +ri'vaen3

ravin, -ine 'rapine' 'raevm |-ed -d

The

o/3' sporadic.

most regular form, historically,

-an j-ed -d

ravenous 'raevanas

cultivated

more frequent than

is

'raetSaCr

v 'raevin,

Ravena ra'vina
Ravenna ra'vsna,

informants are more frequent than 'raSaCr,

and

-d

ES

-iz |-d

|-s

rave rev raved revd

rate ret rated 'retid

rather 'rieSa-;

'raetli, 'raetli

ravage 'raevids

'raetjitid

Ratcliff, -e 'raetkhf

Rathbone

'raetla(r, 'raetla(r

ri- (e^^.

in more

custom 'kAstam while hwail |how hau |toy tai

'em 'kipm
|

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij jvision 'vi5an |Eden 'idn jcradle 'kredl |keep

354

're
careful speech or

follows), or

ra'mona.

of unstressed are in you're, we're,

're abhr. sp.

ES

they're -r;

Rea

when a vowel

Ramona

ra- as in

ES
ES

reabsorption ^riab'sarp/an;
ritj [reaches 'rit/iz

-oab; |-ed -d

-'saapjan

reached

'backward'

-d

ES

'rirwa-d;

ES

'rear guard' 'riTiWard;

reason 'rizn |-ed -d |-ing 'riznig, 'riznig

|-d

-d [-Ung -'semblio,

ES

ES

-ili |-iness

-'/ua(r; |-d -d |-dly -idh

-ranee -ans -ranees -ansiz

|

Reaumur, Re-

readable 'ridabi |-bly -bli

-'sst, -'s3"t; |-ed -id

reassign ^ria'sain |-ed -d

reassure ^ria'/ur;

rid

'reaiinjur, -jiniur;

reave riv [reaved rivd or reft reft

readjust ,ria'd3Ast [-ed -id |-able -abl

reawaken jria'wekan

readmit jriad'mit |-ted -id |-mission -'mijan

rebate 'rabbet'

ready 'redi

rebate 'discount' 'ribet, ri'bet;

ready-made 'redi'med ('ready-jmade

ES

'clothes)

-'fsm, -'fym; |-ed -d

^riaefa^ 'me/an;

ES

-a(r;

(Fr reo'my:r)

-inis

Reading 'r8dig

reaffirmation

'na^waad.

S + 'rea-

reassert ^ria'syt;

read red \pptc read rd

readability ^rida'bilati

reaffirm jria'fym;

'nawad,

-'semblii)

reactionary n'aekjanjeri

readily 'redli,

'na-, S+'rea-

rearward

reassemble jria'sembl

re-act ^ri'aekt |-ed -id

Read

ES

reasonable 'riznabl, 'rizna- |-bly -bli

rit/t

react ri'aekt |-ed -id |-ction -kjan

n, v rid \past

'rir;inost;

jria 'rends |-s -iz |-d

rearward

re, 'ria, ri

read

rearmost
rearrange

S + 'rea-

-3(r

reabsorb jriab'sDrb, -'zorb;

reach

recast

ES

|-ed -d

'raebit, 'ribet |-d -id

|-d -id

rebec, -eck 'ribsk

Rebecca, -bekah ri'beka

rebel n, adj 'rbl

^riaefa-

Reagan 'regan

rebel v ri'bel |-led -d |-lion -jan |-lious -jas

reagent ri'edsant |-gency -djansi

rebirth ri'byO;

real 'rial,

real coin 'rial,

Real

ril

{Sp

reborn ri'bam;

re'al)

real estate 'rila^stet, 'rial-, 'rial-

realism 'rialjizam,

'rial- j-ist -ist

reality n'aelati

\past

|-s

-iz |-d

-d

-'baan; ('rejborn 'soul)

(s'

ES

rebus 'ribas

-ta(r, -taa(r

rebut ri'bAt |-ted -id

'rialti

|-d -t

|-es -iz |-ed -t

|-tal -j

ES -ta(r
ES -ta(r

ream rim [reamed rimd

rebutter 'who rebuts' ri'bAta^;

reanimate ri'aenajinet

re-butter 'hitter again' ^ri'bAta^;

|-d -id

reanimation jriaena'mejan

recalcitrance ri'kaelsitrans |-cy -i |-nt -nt

reap rip [reaped ript

|-er -3^;

reappear

ES

^ria'pir;

ES

recall

-a(r

-'pia(r,

S+-'pea(r,

-'pJ8a(r; |-ed -d

rear rir;

ria(r,

-id

recapitulation jrikajpitXa'leJan

-'a:m-

recapture ri'kaeptja^;
recast

'rijkaest;

recast v ri'kaest;

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

'rijkal, ri'kal

recapitulate jrika'pitjajlet |-d -id

S+rEa(r; |-ed -d

rearm ri'arm; ES -'a:m, E + 'a:m; |-ed -d

rearmament ri'armamant ; ES -'a:m-, E +

Key:

recall v ri'kal |-ed -d

recant ri'kaent |-ed -id |-ation jrikaen'te/an

jria 'paint j-ed

ES

-^kast;

-'bildid

rebuke ri'bjuk, -'biuk

realtor 'rialta^, -tar;

E + -jkast,

pptc -cast, rai?Jo-t--casted -id

rebuild ri'bild ]-built -'bilt or arch, -builded

'rili, 'riali, 'rili

realm rElm

reappoint

&

rebuff ri'bAf [-ed -t

realization ,riala'ze/an, ^rial-, -ai'zrealize 'ria^laiz, 'ria-

ES

rebroadcast ri'brad^kaest;

realistic ^ria'listik, jtia- |-ally -li, -ikli

realty

-'byO ('birth

-'bsG,

rebound n 'rijbaund, ri'baund

rebound v 'recoil' ri'baund |-ed -id
rebound pptc of rebind /ri'baund

'rial

really 'riali,

ES

'rejbirth)

ri!, 'rial

bee bi [pity

bad (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

ES

-t/aCr; |-d -d

E+-,kast, -^kast

E + -'kast,

-'kast

(6) [rate ret |yet jet [sang saeo |angr>- 'aeg-gri

far [watch wat/,

wot/

(12) [jaw dja [gorge gards [go go

recreation

355

recede
recede 'go back' ri'sid
re-cede 'cede back'

re-coil 'coil again' ^ri'kail |-ed -d

|-d -id

recollect 'remember' ^rcka'lekt |-ed -id |-ction

^ri'sid |-d -id

-kjan

receipt n'sit |-ed -id

receivable ri'sivabl

|-s

receive ri'siv |-d -d

|-r -a^;

receivership ri'siva^j/ip;

recency 'risnsi [recent

re-collect

-z

ES -3(r
ES -'siva-

reception ri'sepjan |-tive -tiv

receptivity riiSep'tivati, jrisep'tiv-

reconcilable

|-es -iz |-ed -t

recession 'going back' ri'sejan |-sive

SIV

-IZ |-d

|-s

-'tjards,

-iz |-d -t

|-s

emph. + itzVian-

-bh

reconciliation ^rEkanjSili'e/an

recondite 'rekan^dait, ri'kandait; ES-f-'kon-

-d

reconnaissance ri'kanasans; ES+-'kDn-;

]-s

-IZ

ri'tjit

recherche ralferje;

-id

reconcile 'rekan^sail [-d -d |-less -jsaillis

E + -'tja:d3;

rechate ri'tXet = recheat

recheat

-id

-d

'rekan^sailabl,

'sail- |-bly

recession 'ceding back' jri'sejan

ES

|-d

recompense 'rEkam^pEns

ri'ses, 'rises |-es -iz

recharge ri't/ards;

|-ed

recommence jrika'mens -s -iz |-d -t

recommend jreka'tnend |-ed -id
re-commend 'c. again' ^rika'mEnd |-ed
recommendation jrekamen'de/an
recommit ^rika'tnit |-ted -id |-tal -1

receptacle ri'septakl, -tiki

recess v ri'ses

^rika'kkt

again'

recombine jrikara'bain

'risnt

recension ri'sen/an

recess

'collect

-kjan

|-ction

ES

-'Jeaje; {Fr ra/er'/e)

recidivous n'sidavas |-vism -iVizam

reconnoissance ri'kanasans; ES-f-'knn-;

ES

reconnoiter, -tre jrika'naita^, ^reka-;

Recife re'sifa

l-(e)d -d |-ing

recipe 'resapi, -^pi

ES

reconsider

reciprocate ri'sipr3,ket |-d -id

reciprocation rijSipra'ke/an
reciprocity jrEsa'prcsati;

|-ing

ES + '^pms-

-ka(r;

-kng

|-ed -d |-ing -karig,

-i

-ta(r;

-tang, -trio

reconquer ri'kagka^, -'kog-, -'kaij-;

recipient ri'sipiant
reciprocal ri'siprakl |-ly

|-s

-IZ

^rikan'sida-;

ES

-da(r;

|-ed

-d

-dang, -drig

reconsideration jrikanjSida'reJ"an

recital ri'saitl |-ist -ist

reconstitute ri'kanstajtjut, -jtiut, -jtut |-d -id

recitation jtesa'te/an

reconstruct ^rikan'strAkt |-ed -id |-ion -k/an

recitative

record

jresata'tiv

n 'rek^d; ES

'rekad;

record v ri'kard;

recite ri'sait |-d -id

ES -'kaad; |-ed
ES -'kaada(r

reck rek recked rekt

|-less -lis

recorder ri'kardas

reckon 'rekan |-ed -d

|-ing 'rekanii). -knio

recount n 'ri,kaunt, ri'kaunt

reclaim ri'klem |-ed -d

recount v

reclamation jrekb 'me/an

re-count

recline

'tell'
'c.

recourse
|-s

-iz

'get

-d

recognizable 'rekagjnaizabl |-bly -bli

-'kAvari
l-s

|-ed -t

ri'kors,

ES

-ars;

-oas.

|-ing

re-cover

'c.

ES

back' ri'kAva^;

-'kAvrig,

-'kAva(r; [-ed

-'kAvarig

again' iri'kAva^;

ES

|-y

-'kAvri,

-'kAva(r; [-ed

-d |-ing -vrig, -varig

-iz

recognize 'rekag,naiz, -ig-

|-s

recreance 'rekrians |-cy

-iz |-d -d

re-cognize 'cognize again' jti'kagnaiz , -'kog-iz |-d -d

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fy'53';

-i

|-ant -ant

recreate 'refresh' 'rekrijct |-d -id

re-create

recoil ri'kail |-ed -d

|full

ri'kaunt [-ed -id

'rikors,

recognition jrekag'ni/an

recognizance ri'kagnizans, -'kani-, -'ko-

-id

E-i--aas

recover

recluse adj ri'klus, -'klius

|-s

is

again' ^ri'kaunt |-ed -id

recoup ri'kup

ri'klain, 'riklain

recline v ri'klain |-d -d

recluse n 'reklus, -lius, ri'klus, -'klius

'rekard

mainly Brit.

recitative adj 'rS3jtetiv, ri'saitativ

'c.

anew'

jtikri'et |-d -id

recreation 'play' jrkri'e/an

ES

'fstfa

|-al -1

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

[Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

356

fe-creation
re-creation

ES + -'hnt

red-hot adj 'rEd'hat;

anew'' jrikri'efan

'c.

re-elect

red-hot n 'rEd^hat; ES-f--/hDt

recreative 'rekrijctiv

recriminate n'krimajnet

redintegrate ri'dintajgret, rsd'in- |-d -id

[-d -id

redintegration rijdinta'gre/an, rd,m-

recrimination riykrima'nejan

recriminatory ri'krimana^tori,

S -jtori

-jtori;

redirect jtida'rEkt, -dai- |-ed -id

recross ri'kros, -'kros |-es -iz |-ed -t

rediscount ri'diskaunt |-ed -id

recrudesce ^rlkru'dES, -kriu-

rediscover ^ridi'skAva-;

|-s

recrudescence ^rikru'dEsris |-cy

-iz |-d -t
-i |-nt

-snt

ES

-'skAva(r; |-ed -d

|-ing -'skAvarig, -'skAvrig

redistribute ^ridi'stribjut |-d -bjatid

recruit ri'krut, -'kriut |-ed -id

rectangle 'rektaeggj |-d -d

redistribution jridistra'bju/an, -'biu-

ES

rectangular rek'taeggjala^;

redistrict ri'distrikt |-ed -id

-l3(r

rectification jrEktafa'ke/an

Redlands 'rEdJaendz, -landz, -nz

rectify 'rekta^fai |-fied -jfaid

red-letter 'tEd'kta^;

rectilinear jrekta'linia^;

ES

ES

redolence 'rEdlans |-cy

recto 'rekto

Redondo ri'dando; ES + -'dDn-

ES

rectum 'rEktam

-t3(r; |-ate -it |-y -i, -tri

|-bent -bant

recuperate ri'kiupa^ret, -'kiu-, -'ku-

ES

-'k3(r, -'ka^; |-red -d

recurrence ri'kyans;

ES

-'ksr-, -'kAr-, -'ky-;

-'ksv, -'kyv; |-d -d

R- rd redded
|

R-

|-nt -nt

'rtdid

E + -idraft, -^draft
E + -'draft, -'draft; |-ed

redraft n 'rijdraeft;

redraw

ri'dra

|-drew

-'driu

-'dru,

redress v 'repair^ ri'drss

re-dress

-id

|-drawn

'd.

Redruth

ES

|-es -iz [-ed -t

again' jti'dtES |-es -iz |-ed -t

Redriff 'rsdrif = Rotherhithe

ri'daen

redbird 'redjbyd;

|-ed -id

redress n 'ridrES, ri'drES

redact ri'daekt |-ed -id |-ction -k/an

redan,

-d j-ling -'dAblig, -bjig

-'dran

ES

recusancy 'rekjuznsi, ri'kjuz-, -'kiuzred,

-dlant

redpoll 'rEdjpol

redraft v ri'draeft;

-IZ ]-ent -ant

|-s

recurve ri'ks'v;

|-d

-i |-lent

|-ed -id |-able -abl |-bly -bli

redound ri'daund

|-d -id

recuperation ri/kjupa'rejan, -^kiu-, -jkurecur n'ky;

redouble ri'dAbl

redoubt ri'daut

|-ta -to |-tal -tl

recumbency ri'kAmbansi

-iz

jletter 'journey)

-'lini'3(r

rectitude 'rekta^tjud, -jtiud, -^tud

rector 'rekta^;

]-'s

j-ed -d ('red-

-ta(r;

-^bsd, -jbs'd

'rEdruG, red'ruB

redskin 'lEd^skin

red-blooded 'red'bUdid ('red-jblooded 'worm)

reduce ri'djus, -'dius, -'dus

redbreast 'redjbrest

reducible ri'djusabl, -'dius-, -'dus- |-bly -bli

redbud VedjbAd

reductio

redcap 'red^kaep

ad

'sydam;

ES

|-s

absurdum

-iz |-d -t

ri'dAk/iOjaedab-

-'ssd-, -'syd-

redcoat 'red^kot

reduction ri'dAkJan

red-coated 'red'kotid ('red-^coated 'glory)

redundance ri'dAndans

Red

reduplicate n, adj ri'djuplakit, -'dm-, -'du-,

Cross 'rd'kr3S, -'kros ('red-^cross

redden 'redn

'seal)

|-ed -d |-ing 'rEdnig, 'rEdmij

reddish 'redij

|-tive -tiv

|-cy -i |-dant

-,ket

reduplicate v ri'djupla^ket, -'diu-, -'du-

Redditch 'reditj

|-'s

reddle 'redl |-man

-man |-men -man

reduplication riidjupla'kcjan, -;diu-, -,du-

redwood, R- 'rEd^wud

redeem ri'dim |-ed -d |-able -abj |-bly -bli

redemption ri'demp/an |-tive -tiv |-tory -tan

re-echo ri'sko |-ed -d |-ing -'skawig

Redgauntlet 'rEdjgantlit

re-educate ri'edsajket, -'edsu-

red-handed 'red'haendid ('red-jhanded 'Or-

reef rif reefed rift

reed,

R-

rid [reeded 'ridid

|-d -id

reek rik reeked rikt

chis)

redhead 'tEd^hed

reel ril reeled rild

j

redheaded 'rsd'hEdid ('red^headed

See in full 3^7.

|bath baeG;

|-d

-id

-iz

rede rid \aYch. past red red

Key:

-dant

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

re-elect jtia'kkt |-ed -id |-ction

'lark)

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet JEt |sang

far |watch watj,

wotj

sg

-kjan

|angr\' 'aeg-gri

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards |go go

re-embark

ES

re-embark jriim'bark;

E+-

-'ba:k,

bark;

refractive ri'fraektiv |-tory -tan

|-f rained

refrain ri'fren

|-ed -t

re-emphasize ri'Emfa^saiz

-iz |-d -d

|-s

ES

re-enforce jriin'fors, -'fors;

]-s

refrangible ri'fraendsabl
-'foas ,

E+

refresh ri'frEj |-es -iz -ed -t

refrigerant ri'fridsarant

-iz |-d -t

re-engrave jrim'grev |-graved -'grevd

re-enter ri'Enta^;

-'frend

refrangibility rijfraendsa'bilati

re-enact jriin'aekt |-acted -'aektid

-'faas;

regimentary

357

ES

-'nt3(r;

-d -id

refrigerate ri'fridsajret

-d l-ing

|-ed

refrigeration rijfridsa'rejan
refrigerator ri'frid3a,ret3^;

-'entarirj, -'ntrio |-try -tri

re-establish jtia'staebh/ |-es -iz |-ed

ES

-jtetaCr

reft reft

-t

refuel ri'fjual, -'fmal |-ed -d

reeve w riv
reeve v riv |rove rov or reeved rivd

refuge 'rEfjuds

re-examination jriigjzaema'nejan

refugee ^rEfju'dsi ('refu^gee 'family)

re-examine jriig'zaemin
re-export

|-d

refulgence n'fAldsans |-cy

-d

ri'Eksjport,

-;p3rt;

ES

- ipoat.

refund n

jriiks'port,

-'part;

ES

- 'poat.

refund

E + 'ipaat
re-export

-i

refection ri'fekjan ]-tory -tan

ES

'refara-,

'tEfrabl,

'/.

afiem' jfi'fAnd |-ed -id

ES

-d

refuse 'deny' ri'fjuz, -'fiuz

re-fuse

|-s

referendum jrefa'rEndani

-z |-da -da

-iz |-d

again,'

'melt

-'fiuz

reference 'rtfrans, 'refarans

|-s

-IZ |-d

|-s

refute ri'fjut, -'fiut |-d -id

regal 'rigl |-ly

refit

-i

regale 'feast' ri'gel |-galed -'geld

-'fsra-, -'fya-

regale 'prerogative' ri'geli

'ri^fil

refill ri'fil |-ed

refine ri'fain

^ri'fjuz,

refutation jrEfju'teJan

regain ri'gen -gained -'gend

-d

regalia ri'gelia, -Ija

-fined -'faind ]-ry -sn, -ri

'rigan

ES

regard ri'gard;

refit V ri'fit |-ted -id

reflect ri'flEkt |-ed -id |-ion

reflector ri'fkkta-;

regality ri'gaelati

Regan

ri'fit, 'ri^fit

ES

-k/an

|-ive -IV

-'ga:d, E-f-'ga:d; |-ed -id

regatta ri'gteta

regency 'ridsansi

-'fkktaCr

reflex n, adj 'rifkks |-es -iz

regenerate n, adj ri'dsEnarit

reflex v ri'fkks |-es -iz |-ed -t

regenerate v ri'dssna^ret |-rated -,retid

reflexion ri'fkkjan |-xive -'fkksiv

regeneration rijdsEna're/an, ^ridssna-

refloat ri'flot |-ed -id

regent 'ridsant |-ship -yjip

reforest ri'farist, -'far-, -'for-, -ast |-ed -id

Reggie 'rsdsi

reforestation jrifans'tejan, -far-, -for-. -as-

regicidal ^rEdsa'saidl ('regijcidal 'prince)

reform ri'farm;

ES

-'faam; |-ed -d

regicide 'rEdsa^said

ES -'faam; ed-d
reformation ^rEfa^ 'me/an; ES ^rsfare-formation '/. anew' jtifar 'me/an ES -faareformatory ri'farmajtori, -^tari; ES -'faamare-form

'/.

ane^v' ifi'larm;

|-

jtori,

E + -jtari

ful Itooth tue [further 'fytSa-;

regime ri'sim, re-

regimen 'rEdsajHiEn, -man

regiment n 'rsdsamant
regiment

'rEdga^mEnt |-ed -id

regimental ^rEdsa'mEntl -ed -d

refract ri'fraekt |-ed -id |-ction -k/an

Ifull

-iz

-d

referential jrefaVEn/al |-ly -i

ES

|-es

-iz |-d -d

'replace fuse'

referent 'rEfrant, 'refarant

referrible ri'fs^abl;

-'fy-;

refuse n, adj 'rEfjus, -juz

ES

ri'fs^abl

referee ^refa'ri |-d -d

|-s

-'fs-,

|-ed -t

refusal ri'fjuzj, -'fiu-

-'f3(r, -'fs^; |-red

'rsfra, -fara-, -'fsra-, -'fya-

refill

|-ent -ant

And

refurbish ri'fybij;

|-ed -id

refashion ri'faejan |-ed -d |-ing -Janig, .fnig

referable

'rijf

refund 'pay back' ri'fAnd |-ed -id

E + -'p33t;

refer ri'fy;

-iz

|-s

ES

|-ly -i

regimentary jtEdsa'mEntari
'fstJa

Icustom 'kAstam [while hwail |how hau [toy

Eden

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij |vision 'visan

I

'idn cradle 'kredl |keep

|

tai

'em 'kipm

regimentation

358

Reims rimz

regimentation jrEdsamen'teJan
Regina ri'djaina |-nal -nl
Reginald 'redsinld
region 'ridsan |-ed -d

register

'redjista^;

-iz

|-'s

{Fr r:s)

reined rend

reincarnate ;riin'kamet;

-h

ES

-'ka:-, E-f--'ka:-;

l-d -id

reincarnation ^riinkar'nejan ;

|-ist -ist

ES

-ka:-,

ES

-t3(r;

-d

|-ed

|-ing

-tang

reindeer

ES

'ren^dir;

-jdia(r,

S-f--jdEafr,

-jdjea(r

reinforce

registrable 'redsistrabl |-strant -strant

ES

registrar 'rEdsi^strar, /FEdsi'strar;

-a:(r,

E + -a:(r

jriin'fors,

-'faas;

-'fars;

Reinhardt, -hart 'rainhart;

reinstate ,riin'stet |-d -id

Regius,

reinsure jriin'/ur;

r- 'ridsias

ES

-'foas,

ES

ES

-ha:t

-'/ua(r; |-d -d |-rance

-ans

regnal 'regnal -nancy -nansi |-nant -nant

|

regrant ri'grsnt; E-i--'grant, -'grant; |-ed -id

reintegrate ri'intajgret |-d -id

regrate ri'gret [-grated -'gretid

reintegration jriinta'gre/an, rijinta-

regress

reintroduce jriintra'djus, -'dius, -'dus

'rigrss |-es -iz

regress v ri'grss |-es -iz |-ed

reinvigorate jriin'viga,ret |-d -id

regrettable ri'gretabl |-bly -bli

reinvigoration jrlin,viga're/an
reissue ri'i/u, -'ijju |-d -d

'regjala(r

regularity jregja'Iaerati

reiterate ri'itajret |-rated -jtetid

regularize 'rEgjala^raiz |-rized -^raizd

reiteration ri^ita're/an, ^riita-

regulate 'regja/let |-d -id |-tion jregja'le/an

reject

regulatory 'rEgjalajtori,

reject v ri'dstkt |-ed -id |-ction -kjan

-jtari;

regurgitate ri'gyd3a,tet;

ES

-;tori

-'gsds-, -'ga'ds-;

regurgitation rijgydsa'tefan, ^rigydsa-;

ES

-sds, -yd5-

rejoice ri'dsais

|-s

-iz |-d -t

'rian, 'rean

rehash

ra

rehash

zt.ri'ha;/ |-es -iz |-ed -t

'j.

anew' /ti'dsain |-ed -d

rejuvenate ri'dsuvajnet, -'d3iu-

rehabilitation jtiajbila'tefan, jriha-

-t^;

ES

rijdsuva'ne/an,

-jdsiu-

|-nes-

cence -'nesns |-nescent -'nssnt

rekindle ri'kindl |-d -d |-hng -dlig, -dlig

ES -'hssj, -'hysl
ES -'hss, -'bys; |-s

relabel ri'lebl |-ed -d |-ing -blig, -blig

-iz |-d -t

relapse ri'lseps

|-s

-iz |-d -t

Rehoboam

jtia'boam, jtiba-

relate ri'let |-lated -'letid

Rehoboth

US

relation ri'lefan

ri'hobaO; Afr people 'reajboO,

'reha-

|-al -1 |-ally -li

relative 'relativ |-tivity jrela'tivati

Reich raik

relax ri'laeks |-es -iz |-ed

[-stag -Sjtag {Gcr 'raix, -s^tak)

reichsmark

'raiks^mark;

ES

-jinaik,

E-i-

-jinaik; {Ger 'raixs^mark)

relay n, adj

rid

'rile, ri'le

relay v 'pass on' ri'le,

relay v 7. anew,

Reikjavik 'rekjajvik

release 'free{dom)'

Reilly

re-lease 7. anew'

'raili

reimburse jriim'bys;

ES

-'bss, -'bys;

-iz

|-edly -idh

('relay ^race)
'rile |-ed

-d

^ri'le |-laid -'led

ri'lis |-s -iz |-d -t

jti'lis j-s

-iz |-d -t

relegate 'relajget |-d -id |-tion jtela'ge/an

relent ri'knt {-ed -id I-less -lis

l-d -t

bee
baO (10) |ah a

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

|-s

-t

relaxation ,rilaeks'e/an

reign ren reigned rend

Key:

|-d -id |-tor

-ta(r

rejuvenation

'ri^haeX |-es -iz

rehearsal n'hysl;

Reid

ES

-da(r
rejoin

rehabilitate jria'bilajtet, ^riha- |-d -id

rehearse ri'hys;

n 'ridsekt

rejoin 'reply' ri'd3ain |-ed -d |-der -da^;

|-tated -jtetid

Rehan

-iz

reinvest jfiin'vest |-ed -id

regret ri'gret |-ted -id

ES

|-s

l-d-t

-t

regression ri'gre/an |-sive -'gresiv

regular 'regjalo';

E-i-

-iz |-d -t ('rein^forced 'concrete)

|-s

registration jredsi'stre/an |-stry 'redsistn

jt

E+

-ka:-

-iz

|-'s

'redsistrig,

rein ren

|-al -1 |-ally

regionalism 'ridsanjyizam

Regis 'ridsis

relent

bi |pity ^iti (6) Irate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr>' 'g-gri
|far

far |watch watj,

wntj

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

359

relet

renig
remission ri'mi/an |-sive -'misiv

relet ri'let

relevance 'rElavans |-cy

-i

remit ri'mit

|-vant -vant

-id

|-ted

|-tal

-1

-ns

|-tance

-tent -nt

reliability rijlaia'bilati
I

reliance ri'laians
relict

remnant, R- 'remnant

-bh

reliable riHaiabl |-bly

remodel ri'madl; ES+-'mDdI;

-iz |-ant -ant

|-s

j-ed -d j-ing

-dbg, -dbg

n Vslikt

relict adj ri'likt j-ed -id

remold ri'mold

relied ri'laid

remonstrance ri'manstrans;

|-ed -id

ES + -'mDn-;

|-s

-IZ -ant -ant

relief ri'lif

relieve ri'b'v |-d -d |-dly -idb

remonstrate ri'manstret; ES-^-'mnn-;

relievo ri'livo (7/ rilievo ri'ljervo)

remonstration riman'strejan, jreman-; ES-t-

relight ri'lait |-ed -id

-mon-

religion ri'hdsan |-gious -dsas

religiosity rijbdsi'asati;

relinquish ri'hgkwij

ES + -'ds-

remora, R- 'remara

remorse ri'mars;

|-es -iz |-ed -t

reliquary 'rsla/kweri

ES

-'maas;

|-ful -fal |-fully

-fab

remote ri'mot

relive ri'bv |-d -d

|-tion -'mqfan
remould ri'mold |-ed -id
remount ri'maunt |-ed -id

reload ri'lod |-ed -id

remove ri'muv

relocate ri'loket j-d -id

Remsen

relique 'rehk, ri'lik

relish 'rebj |-es -iz |-ed -t

reluctance ri'lAktans |-cy

relume ri'lum, -'bum

|-d

-i

-d |-dly -idli |-val

|-d

-1

'lEmsn, 'remzn

remunerate ri'mjunajtet, -'mm-

|-ant -ant

-d

|-d -id |-tive

-jtetiv, -rativ

remuneration ri^mjuna'tejan, -jmiu-

rely ri'lai |-lied -'laid

remain ri'men

|-d -id

|-tive -strativ

|-ed -d |-der -da^;

ES

Remus

-d3(r

remake ri'mek |-made -'med

remand ri'maend; E+-'mand, -'mand;

'rimas

-iz

l-'s

Renaissance ^rena'zans, -'sans, ri'nesns

|-ed

-IZ

|-s

{Fr rane'sais)

renal 'rinl

-id

E + -'ma:k;

remark ri'mark; ES -'ma:k,

-t -able -abl |-bly -bb

|-ed

rename ri'nem

Renan

-d

|-d

ri'naen {Fr ra'na)

re-mark 'm.

ane-w' ^ri'mark;

ES

see

remark

remarry ri'maeri

|-ied

ri'naesns

remedial ri'midial

|-ing -'kauntrig,

-a(r

Remenyi Veminji, 'remenji

|-ed -id |-er -a^;

ES

-a(r

Remington 'remigtan
reminisce "jrEma'nis

|-s

render

'renda^;

'rendrig,

ES

-ta(r;

-d

|-ed

-tang

|-s

remise ri'maiz;/ecmg -'miz

-da(r;

|-ed

-d

|-ing

|-ed -d {Fr

\pl

-vous -jvuz

rade'vu)

rendition rEn'diJan

renegade 'renijged

|-d -id

renege ri'nig, -'nig

|-d

renew

-d

ri'nju, -'niu, -'nu |-ed -d |-edly -idb

'renfru, -friu

-shire -i/ir, -JV;

ES

-Jia(r, -/acr

-iz |-nt -snt

|-s -iz |-d

l-es -iz l-ed -t l-ible

ES

-dang

rendezvous 'randa^vu, 'ran-

Renfrew
-iz |-d -t

reminiscence jrema'nisns

-iz |-nt -snt

-'kanta(r, -'kon-;

rend rend |rent rent

|-ly -i

remedy 'remadi |-ied -d |-diless -bs, ri'medabs

remember ri'memba^; ES -ba(r; |-ed -d |-ing
-'membrig, -'m2mbarig
remembrance ri'membrans |-s -iz ]-r -, ES

remind ri'maind

|-s

ES

rencounter ren'kaunta^;

(Z) -brant)

remediable ri'midiabl |-bly -bh

|full

R-

{Fr ra'kortr)

-d j-iage -ds

Rembrandt 'rembraent

remiss ri'mis

renascence,

rencontre ren'kanta^;

l-ed -t

-d

-abl

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

ES

Reni 'rem

{It 're:ni)

reniform 'renajfarm, 'rina-;

ES

-^faam

renig ri'nig |-ged -d

'fstfa

Icustom 'kAstam [while hwail |how hau |toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

reproach

360

rennet

Venm

rennet 'rmt |rennin

Reno US

repercussion

{B 'remo)
renominate ri'namainet; ES + -'nDm-; |-d
renomination jrinama'ne/sn; ES + -nDmrenounce ri'nauns
renovate Venajvet

|-s

-id

'rep^^twar,

repertoire

repertory

ES

-;twar;

'repa^jtori,

repetend 'repajtend, ^repa'tEnd

repetitive ri'petitiv

ES

rephrase ri'frez

VenslaCr

|-s

'repajtori.

-iz |-d -d

rent rnt [rented 'rentid [rental Vsntl

repine ri'pain -pined -'paind

renumber ri'nAmba'; ES

replace 'restore' ri'ples

-b3(r; |-ed -d |ing

replace

-'nAmbrio, -'nAmbarig

'p.

renunciative ri'iiAn/ijCtiv, -si- |-tory

-jtori.

-iz |-d -t

|-s

-s -iz |-d -t

^ri'ples

replay ri'ple |-ed -d

ri'pkmj

replenish

-jtori

Renwick, James 'renwik, Ciimb + hznik

|-es -iz |-ed -t

replete ri'plit |-tion -'plijan

ES + -Dk-

reoccupation jriakja'pe/an;

anew'

replant ri'plaent; E-i--'plant, -'plant; |-ed -id

renunciation rijnAnsi'e/an, -jnAnJi-

replevin ri'plEvin |-ed -d |-vy -vi |-vied -^^d

reoccupy ri'akja^pai; ES + -'Dk-; |-ied -d

reopen ri'opan, -'opm |-ed -d |-ing -'opaniij.

replica 'replika
replicate n, adj 'rsphkit
replicate v 'rEph^ket |-cated -jketid

-'opnig

ES

reorder ribrda^;

-'asdaCr;

|-ed

-d

|-ing

reply ri'plai -plied -'plaid

report ri'porl, -'part;

-drig, -darii)

jriargana'zejan,

reorganization

ES

-ai'z-;

ES

-'poat,

ES

-baga^naiz;

|-s

-iz

ES

j-s

-iz \-d -d |-dly -idli

repository ri'pazajtori, -/tan; S -jton, ES-f-

rep rep |repped rept

repack ri'paek -packed -^aekt

-'pDZ|-es -iz [-ed -t [-ion

repaid 'paid back' ri'ped, 'paid again' jH-

repossess ^ripa'zES

repaint ri'pent |-ed -id

repousse Fr rapu'se

repair ri'pEf. -'paer;

|-man

jTEpa'tor-,

E-i--'tar-; |-ly -i

repose ri'poz

l-d-d

E-i--'paat;

|-ed -id

reportorial ^rEpa^ 'tonal, -'tar-;

-Dganreorganize ri'Drga^naiz;

-man

'repa-

repetition jrepi'tijan |-tious -/as

-ed -d |-edly -idh

Rensselaer 'rensla^;

|-ed -d

ES

ES

-jtari;

renovation jrenaVeJan

-'pe3(r,

ES

-^pxd{t;

-man |-men

-jinsen,

-^niEn,

'replir;

ES

-lia(r

|-ed -id

reparable 'reparabl -bly -bli

reprehensible jrepri'hensabl |-bly -bli

reparation jrepaVe/an-

reprehension ,repri 'hen/an

^repa^'ti;

repass ri'paes;

ES

^repa-; |-d -d

E + -'pas,

|-sive -siv

represent ^repri'zent j-ed -id |-ative -ativ

-'pas; |-es -iz |-ed

-t

representation jreprizen'te/an

repast ri'paest; E-i--'past, -'past; |-ed -id

repress ri'pres j-es -iz |-ed

repatriate ri'petri,et -d -id

repressible ri'presabl |-bly -bli

-t

j-edly -idli

repatriation jripetri'ejan, ri^petri-

repression ri'prejan j-sive -'presiv

repay

'p. back' ri'pe |-paid

repressure ri'pre/a';

repay

'p.

anew'

-'ped

iri'pe [-paid

-'ped

ES

-'prE/"a(r; |-d

reprimand

'reprajmaend, /repra'mnd;

repel ri'pel |-led -d

reprint 'rijprint

repellant, -ent ri'pelant |-ance, -ence -ans

reprint v rl'print |-ed -id

repent ri'pent |-ed -id -ance -ans |-ant -ant

reprise ri'praiz

Key:

bee bi |pity

ba8 (10) jah a

[far

j-s

reproach ri'protj

-d -ling -pbg, -p|ig

See in full 3-47.

]bath baeO;

E-i-

-and, -and; |-ed -id, n 'repri^mand

repeat n'pit |-ed -id

|-d

-d

reprieve ri'priv |-d -d

repeal ri'pil |-ed -d

repeople ri'pipl

-'zEjan

repp rep |repped rEpt

ReppHer

reprehend ,rEpri'hend

|-able -ab!

repartee

|-ive

E + -jtari

-3(r

Renovo ri'novo
renown ri'naun

-jt3ri;

/ripa-;

{Fr repr'twa:r)

jtwa:(r, -/twaa(r;

-iz |-d -t

\-d -id |-tor -a';

ES

jripa^'kAjan;

-'kASIV

'rino; Italy 'reno

'piti

-iz j-d -d |-sal -1

|-es -iz |-ed -t

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang

far |watch wat/,

wot/

saeij

[angry 'aeg-gri

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go


feproachable

resourceful

361

reproachable riVrotJabl |-bly

reprobate 'reprajbet

reseat

reprobation ^repra 'be/an

|-s

-iz

resemble ri'zembi

]-tive -tiv

|-d

-iz

|-s

-d |-ling -bhg, -blig

resend ri'send |-sent -'sent

reproof ri'pruf
re-proof 'proof again' jri'pruf |-ed

resent 'object

-t

reprove ri'pruv

ri'zent |-ed -id

to'

resent 'sent again' ri'sent

reproval ri'pruvl
|-d -d |-vable

-abl |-bly -bk

ES

^reza-

-'zsv, -'zyv;

-d -d |-dly

-idh

reptilian rep'tikan

republic ri'pAblik |-an -an |-anism -anjizam

re-serve

republish ri'pAbliX

'riset, ri'set, v ri'set

reshape ri'/ep

repulsion ri'pAl/an |-sive -siv

ES

reset

resettle ri'setl |-d -d |-ling -'setlig, -tlig

-iz |-d -t

-is;

-'pst/-, -'ps'tf-;

-an

|-d -t |-d -t or -n

reship ri'/ip j-ped

-t

reside ri'zaid |-d -id

-IZ |-d -t

|-dent -dant

reputability ^rEpjata'bilati

residence 'rezadans |-cy

reputable 'repjatab} |-bly -bli

residential jreza'denjal |-ly

reputation jrepja'tejan

residual ri'zid3ual |-duary -A^v^zri

repute nVJut, -'piut

residue 'rezajdju, -jdiu, -jdu

|-d -id

-i

-i

request ri'kwest |-ed -id

residuum ri'zidsuam |-dua -dsua

requiem, R- 'rikwiam, 'rek-

resign 'give up' ri'zain |-ed -d |-edly -idh

requiescat jrekwi'eskaet

re-sign

require ri'kwair;

ES

's.

again' jri'sain |-ed -d

resignation jrEzig'ne/an, ^res-

-'kwaia(r; |-d -d

requisite 'rekwazit |-tion jrekwa'zifan

resihence ri'zihans |-cy

requite n'kwait |-d -id

resin 'rezn, -zin |-ous -as

reread pres

ES

|-tal -I

-read -'red

rl'rid \past

ES

re-recover jrlri'kAva';

reredos 'rirdas;

-V^n

resolution jreza'tujan, -'liu-, -zFiaJan

resolve ri'zalv, -'zolv |-d -d |-dly -idli

|-run -'rAn

resolvent ri'zalvant, -'zdIvreso nance 'reznans

resale ri'sel ('re^sale 'price)

ri'sartas;

ES

-'sa:t-,

E + -'sa:t-

resort ri'zart;

ES

rescind ri'sind |-ed -id

re-sort

rescission ri'sisan, -'sifan

resound

rescript Viskript

re-sound

rescue Veskju |-d -d

resource ri'sors,

reseal ri'sil |-ed -d

research n

'rlsytj,

-aas;
ri'syt/;

ES

-st/,

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

-yt/;

anew'

's.

'echo'
's.

|-s

resourceful

ES

|-s

-iz |-cy -i |-ant -ant

-'zaat; |-ed -id

^ri'sart;

ES

-'saat; |-ed -id

ri'zaund |-ed -id

anew' ^ri'saund |-ed -id

ES

ri'sorsfal,

-'sars-;

ES

-'soas-,

hau

|toy tai

-oas,

|-ly -i

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij [vision 'visan

-ars;

'risers,

-iz

E + -'saas-;

|-es -iz

|full

-bh

resold ri'sold

resolute 'rezajlut, -iliut, 'rezljut

Resaca ri'saka

R-

-ans |-ant -ant

resole ri'sol -soled -'sold

-iz |-d -d

reroute ri'rut, -'raut |-d -id

rerun ri'rAn |-ran

-ant

resistible ri'zistabl |-table -tabj |-bly

'riadas, -dns; |-es -iz

|-s

-i |-ent

resist ri'zist |-ed -id |-ance

-'kAva(r

re-refine jrlri'fam |-d -d

re-revise jtiriVaiz

resartus,

ES

becomes

a in 'reza^var by dissimilation {121).

|-nant -nant

-i

'rezajVaaCr, -jvwaa(r, -jvwa:(r;

|-d -id

repudiation rijpjudi'ejan, -jpiu-

repurchase ri'ps^tXas,

-'s3v, -'syv;

reservoir 'reza^^var, 'rsza-, -jvwar, -^vwar;

|-es -iz |-ed -t

repudiate ri'pjudijCt, -'piu-

repugnance ri'pAgnans -cy

ES

anew' ^ri'syv;

's.

l-d-d

republication jripAbli'lieJan

|-s

ES

reservation jreza^'vejan;
reserve ri'za^v;

reptile 'reptl, -til |-lism -jizam

|-s

-id

ri'sit |-ed

resell ri'ssl |-sold -'sold

resemblance ri'zemblans

l-d-t

repulse ri'pAls

-stj, -ytj"; |-es

-IZ |-ed -t

reproduce ^ripra'djus, -'dius, -'dus

reproduction jripra'dAk/an

ES

research v ri'sytj, 'risytj;

-bli

|-d -id

|Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

respect

362

respect ri'spekt |-ed -id |-able -ab} |-bly -bli

retroact
ret ret [retted 'retid
retail n, adj 'ritel

|-ive -IV

retail v 'ritel, 'repeat'' +Tihe\ |-ed -d

respectability rijSpEkta'bilati
respell ri'spel |-ed -d or -spelt -'spelt

retain ri'ten |-ed -d j-er

respiration ^respa 're/an

retake n 'ri,tek

respirator 'respaiteta^;

ES

ES

-a(r

retaliate ri'taelijet |-d -id |-tive -iv

-'spai3(r; |-d -d

retaliation rijtaeli'ejan

retaliatory ri'tteliajtori, -,tan; S -jton

respite 'respit |-d -id

resplendence ri'splendans |-cy

respond ri'spand;

ES

retake v rl'tek |-took -'tuk |-taken -'tekan

-/retaCr

respiratory ri'spairajton, -jtari; S -;tori

respire ri'spair;

-3^;

|-dent -dant

-i

ES + -'spDnd;

|-ed -id |-ent

ES

retard ri'tard;

-'ta:d,

E + -'ta:d; |-ed -id

-ta:-, E 4- -tar-

ES

retardation yritar'dejan;

retch retj retch 'retjiz retched ret/t

-ant

ES + -'spDns; |-s -iz

responsibility rijSpansa'bilati; ES + -jSpDnsresponsible ri'spansabi; ES + -'spDns-; |-bly
response ri'spans;

-bh

retell ri'tel [-told -'told

retention ri'tenjan |-tive -tiv

retentivity ^riten'tivati
retiarius jriji'trias, -'erias

responsive ri'spansiv; ES+-'spDnsrest rest

rested 'restid

reticence 'retasns |-cy

|-rii

-ri^ai

|-cent -snt

-i

reticulate adj ri'tikjalit, -jlet

restate ri'stet |-stated -'stetid

restaurant 'restarant, -^rant

reticulate v ri'tikjajet |-lated -,letid

ES

restaurateur ^restara'ty;

-iz

|-'s

|-ary 'riJijEri

-'t3(r, -'ts';

{Fr

reticulation ri/tikja'le/an
reticule 'reti^kjul, -jkiul ]-d -d

restara't(E:r)

Restigouche ,resti'guX

reticulum ri'tikjalam

|-la -la

restitution jtesta'tju/an, -'tiu-, -'tu-

retina 'retna, -tina

-z |-nae -tn^i, -ti;m

restive 'restiv

retinue 'retnju, -jiu, -^u, -ti^nju, -^niu, -^nu

|-'s

-iz

ES + -'stDk;

restock ri'stak;

|-ed -t

l-d

|-s

-d

ES

restoration jrestaVeJan

retire ri'tair;

restorative ri'storativ, -'star-; S -'stor-

re-tire 'change tires' ^ri'tair;

restore ri'stor, -'star;

ES

-'stoa(r,

E + -'staa(r;

-'taia(r; |-d

-'taia(r

retold ri'told

retook ri'tuk

l-d-d

ES

restrain ri'stren |-ed -d |-edly -idli, -dli

retort ri'tart;

restraint ri'strent

retouch rl'tAtJ

restrict ri'strikt |-ed -id

retrace H. back' ri'tres

restriction ri'strik/an |-tive -tiv

re-trace

restring

-d

ES

ri'striij

-strung -'strAg

'/.

-'taat; |-ed -id

|-es -iz |-ed -t

|-s

again' ^ri'tres

retract ri'traekt j-ed -id

-iz |-d -t
|-s

-iz [-d -t

|-ile -1, -il

result ri'zAlt j-ed -id |-ant -'zAltnt

retractation jritrask'te/an

resume ri'zum, -'zium, -'zjum |-d -d

resume jrezu'me, ,rzju'me |-ed -d
resumption ri'zAnipJan |-tive -tiv

retraction ri'traekjan |-tive -tiv

resurface ri'syfis, -as;

ES

retread

tire jri'tred |-ed -id \n 'ri^tred

retread, re-t-

-'ssf-, -'syf-;

|-s

H.

aneio' ri'tred

|-trodden -'tradn or

-trod

|-trod -'trad

-'trad;

|ES-i-

-jton,

-itari;

-'trDd(n)

-IZ |-d -t

resurge ri'sydg;

ES

-'ssds, -'sa'dj;

|-s

-iz |-d

-d -nee -ans |-ncy -ansi |-nt -ant

retreat ri'trit |-ed -id

retrench ri'trentj

\-es -iz |-ed -t

resurrect jreza'rekt |-ed -id |-ction -kjan

resurvey n ri'syve,

jfisa^'ve;

ES

-'s3-, -'sy-,

retribution ,rtra'bjuXan, -'biuretributive

jfisa-

resurvey v

retrial ri'traial, -'trail

irisa^'ve;

ES

-sa've; |-ed -d

ri'tribjativ

|-tory

-jtori

resuscitate ri'sAsa^tet |-d -id

retrieve ri'triv |-d -d

resuscitation rijSAsa'teJan

retroact ^rEtro'aekt |-ed -id

Key:

See in full 3^7.

|bath baeG;

|-al -1

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet Jt |sang saso |angry 'aeij-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far [watch watj, wotj (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go


rhapsodist

363

retroaction

retroflex 'retraifleks |-es -iz |-ed -t

ES

|-al -1

ES

-Vs-, -Vy-;

-ally -li |-ary -jEri

I

jietra'grES

'retrajgrss,

|-es

-iz

ES

revert riVs^t;

-Vst, -Vs^t; [-ed -id

re very 'rEvari, 'rEvri

retrogression jretra'gre/an |-sive -'gresiv

revet riVEt |-ted -id

retrospect 'rtr9jSpekt |-ed -id

revictual riVitl j-ed -d

retrospection jrEtra'spekJan |-tive -tiv

review riVju, -Viu |-ed -d

retry ri'trai -tried -'traid

revile riVail |-viled -Vaild

return ri'tyn;

ES

-'tsn, -'tyn; |-ed -d

revise riVaiz

|-s -iz \-d

retuse ri'tjus, -'tius, -'tus

revision riVisan

Reuben

revisit riVizit |-ed -id

'rubin, 'riu-, -an

reune ri'jun

-d |-nion -jan |-nioned -jand

|-d

reunite jriju'nait |-d -id

'rails';

ES

revalue ri'vaelju

-d
|-ary -^Eri

revisory riVaizari
revitalize riVaitljaiz

|-s

-iz |-d -d

revival riVaivI |-ism -jizam

Vaita(r; {Ger 'raytar)

|-d

|-al -1

-d -nation ^rivaelju'eXan
]

j-ist -ist

revive riVaiv |-d -d

revamp ri'vaemp

|-ed -t

revivify riVivajfai j-fied -jfaid

reveal

-d

revocable 'tEvakabl |-bly

ri'vil |-ed

-bli, cf

reveille 'revlji, -i, jrEvl'i {Fr reveillez revE'je)

revocation jrEva'keJan

revel 'rvl |-ed -d |-ing -vlig, -vlig

revokable riVokabl, cf revocable

revoke riVok |-d -t

revelation,

R-

jrEvl'eXan

reveler hz\h^, 'rEvla^;

ES

-vln

-a(r; j-lry

revenge ri'vEnds

|-s

revolution,

-d

-iz |-d

revenue 'rEvajnju, -^niu, -^nu

reverbatory riVs'bajtori,

-d

reduced from

re-

verberatory hy r -dissimilation {121)

reverberate

<zJ/ ri'vs^barit,

-jret;

ES

-^aiz

|-ized

-jaiziz

1-izes

revolve riValv, -VdIv |-d -d

|-r -a^;

ES

-a(r

revue riVju, -Viu {Fr raVy)

ES -'waad; |-ed -id

ES -Vaia(r; |-d -d
reword ri'wyd; ES -Hvsd, -'wyd; |-ed
rework ri'wyk; ES -Vsk, -'ws^k; |-ed
reward ri'ward;
rewire ri'wair;

reverberate v riVybajtet;

ES

-Vsb-, -Vs^b-;

l-d -id

ES

rijvs^ba're/an;

-/Vsb-,

-jvyb-^tari;

ES

-Vsbrajtori, -Vyb-, -bara-, E-f-jtari

R-riVir;

ES

-Via(r, S-i--Va(r; ]-d -d

reverence 'rEvrans, -varans

|-s

-iz |-d -t

reverend 'rEvrand, -varand, as a

title

+ -van

R- rEks |Rex's

Reynard 'rsna^d, 'rena^d; ES -nad

Reynolds 'tEnldz, 'rsnlz |-'s -iz
rhachitis ra'kaitis |-chitic -'kitik

Rhadamanthus
Rhaetia

reverie 'rEvari, 'rEvri

Rhaeto-Romance

ES

'rsksiz \L pi reges 'ridsiz

Reykjavik 'rekjajvik
Reynaldo ri'naeldo

reverential jiEvaVEnJal j-ly -i

revers ra'vir, -'vEr;

-t

reverent 'rEvrant, 'rEvarant

reverify riVEra^fai j-fied -jfaid

-id

rewrite ri'rait -wrote -'rot -written -'ritn

rex,

reverberatory riVybrajtori, -bara-,

revere,

itEva^luJan, -^hu-, jrEvrju/an

j-ize

revulsion riVAlJan

-Vsb-,

-Vs'b-

reverberation

R-

-jEri

-jaizd

ES -Vsba-

-itari;

E + -jtari

-Vyb-,

|-ary
j-d

irrevocable

revolt riVolt |-ed -id

Revelstoke 'rEvljStok

jtori,

-iz |-d -t

-Vss-, -Vs^s-; |-bly

reversion riVs'san, -VsJ"-;

|-d -id

l-ed -t

Renter

|-s

-bli

retroflexion, -ction iretra'flekjan

retrogress v

-Vss, -Vs^s;

l-dly -idh, -th

reversible riVs^sabl;

retrocession jretro'sejan |-sive -'s8siv

retrograde 'retrajgred

ES

reverse riVys;

retroaction jrEtro'aek/an |-tive -tiv

retrocede jietro'sid |-d -id |-nce -ns |-nt -nt

jraeda'maenGas

|-'s

-iz

'rijia, -/a |-n 'rifan

'rito'ro'maens |-manic

-'maenik

-Via(r, -'va(r; {Fr

rhapsodic

ra'vErr)

raep'sadik;

-ally -li,

ES + -'sDd-;

|-al

-j

-ikh

reversal riVysl;
|full

ES

-Vss-, -Vys-

ful [tooth tu6 [further

'fs'tSa';

rhapsodist 'raepsadist |-dy -di |-died -did

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz~[dish dij [vision

Vigan [Eden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

rhapsodize Vaeps3jdaiz

Rhea,

Rigel

364

rhapsodize

Term

r- 'ria.

Rheims rimz

co.

-iz

|-'s

\-s

-d

-ix |-d

rib rib

ribbed

ribband

Rhemish

ribband,

'rlnuj

Rhenish 'rEniJ
rhenium 'riniani
Rhesus,

'ribbon' 'riband, 'riban

rib-band

shipbuilding

ribbon 'riban j-ed -d

r- 'risas 1-sus'

rais

Rice's 'raisiz

Richard

rheumatic ru'maetik, riu-

\-al

-1

'ritjad; |-son -sn

-'liu

|-ally

Richmond 'ritjmand

-K

Richter

Rickard

[-land -jlaend

-ta(r; {Ger 'nxtar)

ricked rikt

ES

'rika^d;

'rikad;

rhinestone 'rain,ston

rickey 'riki
ricksha, -shaw 'rikja

ES+-%ds-;

-sras;

rai'nasaras,

-'/tld

rid rid |rid rid or ridded 'ridid

-IZ

rhizoid 'raizaid j-zome

-zom

ridable 'raidabl |-bly -bli

Ridd

rho ro

Rhoades rodz

|-'s

rid

riddance 'ridns

-iz

j-s

-iz

Riddell'ridl,"ri'del

'rods

ridden 'ridn

Island rod'ailand, ro'dai-

Rhodes rodz

l-'s

-iz |-dian

-dian

Rhodesia ro'disis, -53 see -sia

rhodium 'rodiam
rhododendron jroda'dendran |-s
rhodomontade ^radaman'ted,

'ridan

is

seldom heard.

riddle 'ridl |-d -d |-ling 'ridlig, 'ridlig

ride raid [rode rod jridden 'ridn

rideable 'raidabl |-bly -bli

-z |-dra -dra

-'tad;

Rider, r- 'raida^;

ES +

ES

'raida(r

ridge rids ridges 'ridsiz ridged

|

irodsmnn-; {Fr radamo'tad)

Ridgeway, -dgway 'ridsjwe

Rhone ron

Ridley 'ridh

ridicule 'ridijkjul, -^kiul |-d -d

ridiculous ri'dikjalas

rhotacism 'rota^sizam

rhubarb 'rubarb,

'riu-;

Rienzi ri'enzi

ES

-ba:b,

rhumb rAm, rAmb

rhumba 'rAmba {Sp 'rumba)
rhyme raim rhymed raimd
|

E+-bai:b

|-zo -zo (// ri'entsi, -tso)

rifacimento rijfat/i'mento {It rijfatji'mento)

rife raif
riffle 'rif |-d
j

|-ster -sta^

ES

-sta(r

-d |-Hng

'riflig, 'riflig

'rifj^f

riffraff

rifle 'raifl |-d

-d |-ling

'raiflitj, 'raiflig

Rhyolite 'raiajait

rifleman 'raiflman |-men

Rhys ris |Rhys's 'risiz

rhythm 'riSam, less freq. 'n5m

rift rift

rhythmic 'ri*6mik

Riga

rig rig

-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

rigged rigd

'riga,

NY

'raiga

Rigdon 'rigdan

Rialto, r- ri'telto (It ri'alto)

Rigel 'raigl, 'raidjal

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti (6)

|rate ret |yet jet |sang

far |vvatch wat/,

-man

rifted 'riftid

rhythmproof 'ri'Sam'pruf ('rhythm ^proof ear)

See in full 3-47.

ndsd

ridgepole 'rids^pol j-d -d

rhodora, R- ro'dora, -'dara; S -'dora

Rhoecus 'rikas \-'s -iz
rhomb ramb, ram, ro- |-bus -mbas

|bath baeO;

-z

ricochet ;rika'Je, -'Jet |-cheted -'/ed j-chetted

rhino 'raino

Key:

j-s

rickets 'rikits |-ty -ti

-daCr

rhinitis rai'naitis

Rhoda
Rhode

ES

'rikta^, 'rix-;

rick rik

rhinal 'rami

|-'S

{Fr rija'ljo)

Richland 'ritjiand

-ikh

ES

ES

'ritja^d;

Richelieu jri/a'lu,

-i, - ikh

|-atism -3,tiz3m

Rhinelander 'rainbnda^;

rich ritj riches 'rit/iz |riched ntjt

rhetorical ri'tarikl, -'tar-, -'tor- |-ly

rheum rum, rium

R-

rice,

-sas

rhetoric 'retarik j-rician jtEtaViJan

rhinoceros

'nb^baend.

'riband, 'riban

'riajstaet |-ic ^ria'staetik

Rhine rain

-n

riband 'riband, 'riban

{Fr re:s)

Rheingold 'rain,gold

rheostat

nbd

ribald 'ribld |-ry

re

wot/

sg |angry

'aeg-gri

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards |go go


roadbed

365

right
right rait righted 'raitid

riot 'raiat |-ed -id |-ous -as

rightabout 'raita^baut

rip rip

right-and-left 'raitn'lEft

riparian ri'perian, rai-, -'paer-, -'per-

right-angled 'rait'aeggld ('right-wangled 'turn)

ripe raip jriped raipt

righteous 'rait/as

ripen

ripped ript

-pm

'raipan,

-d

j-ed

('right-jhand

'rait'haend

'

screw,

Ripley

'ripli

right-handed 'rait'haendid

Ripon

right-of-way ,rait3v'we, ^raita'we

riposte, -st ri'post i-(e)d -id

-d j-lery -an,

|-d

'raigar'martis,

ripsaw

ES

'rigaf-

Both meaning and

risk risk [risked riskt |-y -i

risque ris'ke {Fr ris'ke)

rim rim rimmed rimd

rime raim rimed raimd

Rita

ES

j-ster -sta^;

-sta(r

'riman

'rita

ritardando jritar'daendo, -'dan-;

ES

-ta:-

rite rait

Rimski-Korsakov

ES

raisfor

had some currency, hit

risible 'rizabl |-bly -bli

IriUed rild

Rimmon

rise once

risibility ^riza'bilati

iriki^tiki'tevi, -'tavi

Riley 'raih
rill ril

notm

pronunciation come from the verb.

riled raild |-y -i

evidently never prevailed.

'ris j-'s -iz

Rikki-Tiki-Tavi

-d

'rip so j-ed

Rip van Winkle jripvaen'wigkl, -vanthe

Rijswijk 'raiswaik

rile rail

'ripa(r

rise raiz |-s -IZ |rose roz [risen 'rizn

'raigaa'maatis, 'riga-

Rig-Veda rig'veda, -'vida

Riis

ES

riprap 'ripjraep |-ped -t

'rig3(r; |-ous -as, -gras

mortis

rigor

'ripa^;

ripple 'ripl j-d -d |-ling 'riplig, 'riplig

- ri

Rigoletto jtiga'kto {It jrigo'letto)

ES

'ripan

ripper

rigid 'rid3id |-ity ri'dsidati

rigor 'riga^;

'raipnig.

Ripman 'ripman

'right-'hand jone)

rigmarole 'rigmajrol

|-ing

-panig

rightful 'raitfal j-ly -i

right-hand

'rimski'karsajkaf.

-iknf;

Ritson

'ritsn

Rittenhouse 'ritn^haus

-'kaasa-

j-'s

-iz

rimy 'raimi

ritual 'rit/ual j-ly -i |-ism -jizam [-ist -ist

Rinaldo n'naeldo

rituahstic ^ritjual'istik [-ally

rind raind, rain

ritualless 'ritjuallis

ES

rinderpest 'rinda^jpest;

Rinehart 'rainhart;
ring

'circle,'

ES

rivage 'rivids

'rinda-

rirj

-iz

rival 'raivl |-ed -d [-ing 'raivhg, -vlig

-ha:t, E-i--ha:t

'provide with a ring'

|-s

-li, -ikli

ringed

rigd or rung rAg

rivaless 'raivlis [-es -iz

rivalless 'raivlhs

ring 'sound' rig |rang raeg |rung rAg

rivalry 'raivlri

ringbolt 'rig^bolt

rive raiv j-d -d j-d -d or riven 'rivan

ringdove 'rigjdAv
ringleader

river 'who rives' 'raiva^;

'rigjlida^, -'lida^;

ES

river 'stream' 'riva^;

-da(r

ES

ringlet 'right |-ed -id

Rivers

ringside 'rig^said

Rives rivz

ringworm 'rig^wym; ES -^wsm, -jwym

rivet 'rivit j-ed -id

rink rigk |rinked rigkt

Rivett

rinse

rms

'riodadsa'niro,

(Pg 'riuSasa'tiEiru)
Rio Grande US jria'graend,
irio'graendi; Nicar,

-des;j'nero

'rivaz;

raia-,

Bol jrio'grande; Braz

ful Itooth tuG [further 'fytSa^;

j-'s

-iz

-iz

'rivit

rivulet 'rivjaht
rix-dollar 'riks^dala';

irio-.

roach rotj

road rod

ES

-jdala(r, -jdol-

|-es -iz |-ed -t

j-ed -id;

\NEngd+r'6A. {46)

roadbed 'rod^bed

jriu'granda
|full

|-'s

'raiva(r

'riva(r; [-side -jsaid

Riviera jrivi'era {It ri'vJErra)

rinses 'rinsiz rinsed rinst

Rio de Janeiro

'riva^z;

ES

ES

ES

'fatJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

romance

366

road house
Those words below in which the d sound

roadhouse Vod^haus

is spelt

and S

rodent 'rodnt

roadstead 'rodjSted

ES

roadster 'rodsta^;

o are often pronounced with d in

rode rod

|-liouses -jhauziz

rodeo 'rodi,o, ro'deo {Sp ro'Seo), cf roleo

Roderic, -ick 'radarik, 'radnk

'rodst3(r

roadway 'rodjwe
roam rom roamed romd
]

Roderigo ^rada'rigo

|-age -ids

roan ron

Rodin ro'daen |-esque jrodaen'esk {Fr

roanoke jroa'nok

rodman, R-

Roanoke

Rodney

'roa^nok, 'ronok

ES

roar ror, rar;

ro3(r,

E+r33(r;

'radni

-3(r

roe,

'tad)

|-bed -d |-ber -a^;

ES

R- ro |roed rod

robbery Vabri, 'rabari

roebuck, R- 'ro,bAk

robe rob [robed robd

Roentgen 'rentgan {Ger 'roentgan)

Robert 'raba^t; ES 'rabat

Roberta ro'byta; ES -'bsta, -'byta
Robeson surname 'robsn; NC 'rabasn

rogation ro'gejan

Robespierre

'robzpjer,

-pi3(r; {Fr

ES

-pir;

rogatory 'raga;tori,

Roger
-pjeaCr,

rogerian,

ES

-jtari;

-jtori

'radsaCr;

|-s

'rose, ro'se

-an

|-ry

robot 'robat, 'rab-, -bat

roil rail, 'vex''+ rail |-ed

-d \-y

Rob Roy

roister

j-son -sni

'rab 'r 31

Robsart 'rabsart; ES 'rabsa:t, E + -sa:t

-d

|-ing

'raista^^daista^;

ES

'raista(r;

R-D-

roister-doister,

robust ro'bAst |-ious -'bAstJas ('ro^bust 'boy)

roc rak

|-ed

'raistajdaista(r

Roland 'roland

Rochambeau

jro/aem'bo {Fr rD/fi'bo)

role, role rol

Rochdale 'ratjdel

roleo 'rolijO

Rochelle ro'/el

Rolfe ralf

Rochester

'rajt/esta', 'ratj'ista';

ES

-t3(r

roll rol

rochet 'rat/it j-ed -id

R- 'raka^we
'price)

rock-bound 'rakjbaund, -'baund

Rockefeller 'raki^ftla^, 'raka-;

ES

rolling-pin 'rolig;pin

US

Rolls-Royce

'rakig-

'rokfad

'rak^gardn,

-dm; ES

-jga:d-.

'rak'ailand

rock-ribbed 'rak'ribd ('rock-jribbed

'hills)

rb''m)

romaine ro'men ('rojmaine

'lettuce)

'roman [-ism -jizam |-ist -ist

Romance ro'maens ('Ro,mance 'language)

rockweed 'rak,wid

romance n ro'maens, ra-, 'romaens

romance v ro'mans, ra- |-s -iz |-d

rococo ra'koko (Fr raka'ko, roko-)

rod rod jrodded 'radid

the

Roman

rock salt 'rak'salt

See in full 3-47.

'rolz'rais j-s -iz

Rolvaag 'rolvag, 'ralvag {Norw 'rolvag)

American family prefer 'rolvag.
roly-poly 'roli^poh ('roly'poly pne)

Romaic ro'mcik
Romain ro'men {Fr

E+-jga:d-

|bath baeG;

-z |-s's -ziz

-jfebcr

^hsem

Rock Island

j-s

Rollo 'ralo, -a

Rockingham Marquis 'rakigam;

rock-garden

RoUin 'rahn

rolling-mill 'rolig^mil

rocket 'rakit |-ed -id

ES

rolled rold

rollick 'ralik |-ed -t

rock-bottom 'rak'batam ('rock-jbottom

'rakfa^d;

rodeo

Rolle rol

roclvaway,

cf

Rolla 'rala

rock rak rocked rakt

Key:

ES

'raist*;

|-guish -1/

-i

'raistrig, 'raistariij

Robson 'rabsn

Rockford

-z |-s's -ziz

R- ro'dsirian

Roget Eng author

robes Vjerr)

R- 'rabin

'radsa^;

rogue rog |rogued rogd

robin,

ro'die)

|-men -man

Rodolph 'rodalf
rodomontade ^radaman'ted, -'tad {Friodomo-

roast rest roasted 'rostid

R- rab

adman

j-ed -d

roast beef Vost'bif, 'ros'bif

rob,

'r

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

|-s

-iz

-t

(6) [rate ret |yet ]zt |sang saeg |angiy 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj,

wot/

(12) jjaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

Romanes

367

Those words below in which the a sound

rostral

is spelt

Romanes ro'maniz |-es' -'maniz

Romanesque jroman^Esk ('Romanjesque

o are often pronounced with n in

R-

root,

rut

rut, rut |-ed -id

Romanic ro'maenik

|-ally -li,

the S.

rootstock 'rutjStak, 'rut-

-ikh

Rootstown

romanize 'romanjaiz

|-s

Romanov hom^imi,

ro'manaf, -nf

Romansh,

-sch.

-d

-iz |-d

Roquefort

-al -1 |-ally -li,

romanticism ro'maentajSizam

[-cist -sist

romanticize rc'raaenta^saiz

-iz [-d

|-s

'rutSjtaun, 'ruts-, loc. 'ruts-

rope rop roped ropt |-walk -jwak |-py, - pey-i

ro'maenj, -'man/

romantic ro'maentik, ra-

ikh

ES

'rokfa^t;

-fat; {Fr rok'ta:

Rorke rork, rark; ES roak, E+raak;

-d

rorqual 'rarkwal;

ES

Romeo

rosacean ro'zejan |-ceous -Jas

Rosa

'roza

rosace 'rozes

VomiiO, 'romjo

Romic 'romik

|-s

jroza'bela

|-la

{Fr ro'zas)

-iz

Rosalind 'razhnd, 'razlind

The

historical

p ron.

Rosaline 'razlin, -jam,

Rosamond 'razamand,

'rAmni.

Romola 'ramala
romp ramp romped rampt
Romulus 'ramjabs |-'s -iz
|

|-ers -a^z;

ES

-az

'roza-

Roscius 'ra/ias

-iz

l-'s

Ronan

rose,

'ronan, 'ranan, 'rion-

Roncesvalles Vansajvaelz {Sp ^ranOes'PaXes)

Roncevaux Fr ros'vo

R- roz

|-s

-iz |-d -d

roseate 'roziit

Rosecrans 'rozijkraenz
-jvst, -jV^t

j-'s

-iz

Roselle ro'zel

rondeau 'rando, ran'do {Fr ro'do)

rosemary, R- 'roz^meri, -'maeri

rondel 'randj, -del

Rosencrantz 'rozn^kraents

rondelle ran'del {Fr ro'del)

Rosenwald 'rozn^wald

rondo 'rando, ran'do

roseola ro'ziala

Rondout 'randaut
Roney 'roiu
Ronsard 'ransard, ran'sard; ES

Roseto
-a:d

{Fr

rosin 'razn,

ruf

rook ruk |-ed

-t j-ery

is less

freq. in the S.

j-eried

-and

|-'s

-iz

Rossetti ro'seti, -'zeti

less so

in

all

parts of the

-^ fulz

US,

but

than rum.

roorback, -ch 'rurbaek;

ES

Ros's-

Rossini ro'sini {It ros'si:ni)

Ross-shire 'ras/ir, 'raJJ-, 'ro-,

roommate 'rum^met, 'rum-

ES

-Ja^;

-Jia(r,

-J"a(r

Rostand

'rua-

Roosevelt 'rozajVlt, 'rozvelt, 'rozavlt

roster

roost rust roosted 'rustid

rooster 'rusta-, less freq. 'rus-;

'rastaend, 'rns- {Fr ras'ta)

'rasta^;

ES

'rasta(r;

j-ed

-d

l-ing

'rastarii), -strig

|full

|-ed -d

Rossillion ro'siljan, ru-, in Shak. Ro'sillion,

\-ed -d |-ful -jful |-fuls

is frequent

apparently

'razm

Rosinante ,razn'aenti
Ross, -sse ras, ros

-an

rookie, -y 'ruki

room rum, rum

'roj-

rosily 'rozli, -zili

rooftree 'ruf jtri, 'ruf-

rum

rosette ro'zet |-d -id

Rosicrucian ^roza'krujan, -'kriu- |-ism jizam

R- rud

roof ruf, ruf \-ed -t

-iz

ro'zito

Rosh Hashana 'rajha'jana,

'roentgan)

ronyon, runnion 'rAnjan

rood,

j-'s

Rosetta ro'zeta

ro'sa:r)

Rontgen 'rentgan {Ger

+ -aind

rosary 'rozari

Ronald 'ranld

ES

in Shak.

'rozljin

Roscoe 'rasko
Roscommon ras'kaman

Ronceverte 'ransajV^t;

I0C.+

'raak-

Rosabel 'rozajbel

'ramni, 'rAmni

r)

'rorak

Romany, Romm- 'ramani

romaunt, R- ro'mant, -'inant, -'mont
Rome rom

is

and S

rootstalk 'rut^stak, 'rut-

'style)

Romney

is less freq. in

ES

ful Itooth tuO [further 'fySa^;

-ta(r

ES

rostral 'rostral, 'ros- |-ly -i

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzio [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi3an

[Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

rostrum

368

Those words below in which the a sound

rostrum Vastram,

rowlock

is spelt

o are often pronounced with d in

rosy 'rozi jrosied 'rozid

Roum rum

rot rat [rotted Vatid

Roumania ru'mema

rota,

R- Vota

j-l

'rotari

ES

roundhead, R- 'raundjhed

-tJaCr

Rotherham 'ratiaram
Rotherhithe

roundhouse 'raund^haus
loc

VatJa^jhaitS;

+ ^re drif;

ES

haZ3-; spelt RedriS 1595

Rothermel VatJa^jinEl; ES 'ratJaRothesay VaOsi, -se
Rothley VoOli
Rothschild

VaOtJaild,

'rastj-,

rotogravure

loc.

roundup 'raundjAp
roup rup

VaOstJ- {Ger

ES

ES

Rourke

rork, rark;

rouse

rauz, raus spelt rouce in Shak.

71

roak, E-fraak

rouse V rauz rouses 'rauziz jroused rauzd

]

-'grevja*;

ES

-Vju3(r, -J3(r
rotor 'rota^;

Rouse raus j-'s -iz

Rouses Point 'rausiz'pamt
Rousillon, Rouss- ro'siljan, ru- {Fr rusi'jo),

VotaCr

rotten Vatn |-ness Vatnnis

in Shak. Ro'sillion, Ros's-

rotten-egg v jratn'eg |-ed -d

Rousseau ru'so

Rotterdam Vata^jdaem; ES Vata-

roustabout 'rausta^baut |-ed -id

rotund ro'tAnd |-ed -id ('ro^tund

rotunda ro'tAnda

's

tyle)

j-ism -izam

rout raut jrouted jrautid

route rut, raut

|-dity -ti

rouble 'rubl

|-d -id

routine ru'tin j-d -d ('rou^tine 'work)

roue ru'e

Routledge 'rAthds, 'raut-

Rouen

rove past of reeve rov

rove V rov roved rovd

ru'an, ru'a {Fr rwa)

rouge ru3

|-s -iz |-d

-d

rough-and-ready 'rAfn'tsdi

rough-and-tumble 'rAfn'tAmbl
roughcast VAf^kaest;

roughdry adj

E + -jkast,

-jkast

roughhew

|-ed -d |-ing 'rAfanirj, -fnig

jrAf'hju, -'hiu

|-ed -d

-ed -d or

-iz

Rowe

rau |rowed raud

V ivith oars ro
V 'rank' ro
tree 'roan,
'tuft

[rowed rod

[rowed rod
'rauan

of wool' 'rauan

Stephen 'roan, Ky,

XC ro'aen

'rojbot

ro

rowel 'raual [-ed -d

rowen 'rauan

-n -n

roughneck VAf,nek
roughrider 'rAf^raida^;

ES

|-d -id

See in full 3^7.

bee

bae (10) [ah a

ro'ina, ra'wina

'disturber,'

ES

Rowland

-jtaidaCr

'nag)

roulade ru'lad

Rowena
rower

'roa^;

roughshod 'rAf'/ad; ES-h-lfod; ('roughjshod

jbath baeO;

V 'braivl'

rowboat

roughhouse n 'rAf^haus
roughhouse v 'rAf^haus |-s -^hausiz -d -jhaust

Key:

row n,
row n,
row n,
rowan
rowan

Rowan

'rAf,drai

v jfAf'drai |-dried -'draid

roughen 'rAfan

j-'s

Rougem.ont 'rusmant
rough FAf roughed rAft

roughdry

ES

-dad

+ Voal

^rotagraVjur,

|-ses -ziz

roundness 'raundnis, 'raunnis

round-shouldered 'raund 'Jolda^d, 'raun-;

Vo:t./ilt)

Rothwell 'raOwel,

-n

roundel 'raundl |-ay 'raundajle, -dl^e

rote rot [roted Votid

'ra'Sa-, 'rASa^;

|-n

ajbout 'town)

rotate 'rotet |-d -id |-tion ro'tejan

rother

round raund j-ed -id

roundabout n, adj 'raunda^baut
round about adv, prep 'raunda'baut ('round

Rotarian ro'tEtian, -Haer-, -\er-

R-

ajid

rouncy Vaunsi

-tl

rotacism 'rotajSizam

rotary,

roulette ru'kt

'rns- j-s -z j-tra -tra

'napper' 'raua^, 'oarsman'

-a(r

'roland

Rowlesburg 'rolzbyg; ES -bsg, -bs^g

Rowley

'rauli, 'roh

rowlock

'rojlak, 'rAlak

bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet Jt [sang saeo [angry 'jeg-gri
[far

far [watch watj",

WDtJ

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

Roxana
Roxana

369

ES+roks-

raks'aena;

ruddy ^Adi

ES

Roxburgh, -ghe 'raksjbyo, -a;

-/bar-.

-,h\t-, -jby-, 'roks-, Brit 'roksbra |-shire

-Jir, -S^;

Roxbury

Roy

ES

-ban;

ES + 'roks-

Rudyard

'raial, 'rajal l-ism

Royalton
royalty

Royce

rudiment Vudamant, 'riudaRudolf, -Iph 'rudalf,

rai

royal

rude rud, riud

rudimental jruda'niEnt},

-Ji9(T, -/3(r

'rakSiberi,

runic

-jizam

'roialtan, 'rDJaltan

ruff FAf

-iz

|-'s

-d

|-d

j-ful -fal

ES

-ad

-fully -fall

ruffed lAft

ruffian 'rAfian, -fjan |-ism -jizam

'roialti, 'rojalti

rais

'rAdja^d, 'rAdsa^d;

rue ru, riu

|-ist -ist

jtiu- |-tary -tan, -tri

'riu-, -dnlf

ruffle 'rAfl |-d

-d

|-ling 'rAfhg, 'rAflig

rub rAb rubbed rAbd

ruffly 'rAfii

rub-a-dub 'rAba,dAb, ^rAba'dAb

rufous 'rufas, 'riu-

Rubaiyd.t jtubai'jat. 'rubaijjat, ^rubi'jat

Rufus,

rubato ru'bato

rug rAg rugged 'provided with rugs' t\ gd

rubber

ES

'rAba^;

-baCr;

-d

|-ed

|-ing

j-s -iz \-d

rubberneck VAba^^nek;

ES

'rAba-; [-ed

Ruhr

-t

ES

^Aba-;

ES

^rAba-;

('rubber-jStamp Vote)

ruination ^ruiu'e/an, ^riu-

rum

rubbish 'rAbif
rubble 'rAbl

|-d

rub,

liquor

ES

-ajip

rAm, dye rum

Rum rum

-d |-ling -b|io. -blig

Rumania ru'menia |-n -n

rumba 'rAmba {Sp 'rumba)

rubbly 'rAbli

Rubens

rua(r; {Ger ru:r)

rule rul, riul |-d -d j-rship -a'iJ'ip;

l-ed -t

r-

ES

rur;

ruin 'ruin, 'riuin |-ed -d j-ous -as

ruinate 'ruiUjet, 'riu- |-ated -^etid

^rAba^'staemp;

'lAgbi

rugged 'rough' 'rAgid

-d

rubber-stamp adj VAba^'staemp;

rubber-stamp

Rugbeian rAg'bian

Rugby

'rAbarig, 'rAbrig

rubberize VAba^raiz

Rube,

r- 'rufas, 'riu- |-'s -iz

nub

'rubinz, Viu-, -anz

|-'s

rumble 'rAmbl

-iz

Rubicon 'rubijkan,

'riu-;

rubicund 'rubajkAud,

\-d

-d |-Hng 'rAmbhg, -bhg

rumen 'rumin, 'riu-, -man j-mina

Rumford 'rArafa^d; ES 'rAmfad
Rumina ru'maina, riu-

rubescence ru'besns, riu- j-scent -snt

ES+'ikon

'riu-

-a

rubicundity ^ruba^kAndati, ^riu-

ruminant 'rumanant,

rubidium ru'bidiam, riu-

ruminate 'rumajuet, 'rm-

|-d -id j-tive -iv

rubied 'rubid, 'riu-

rumination jruma'nefan,

,riu-

Rubinstein 'rubiiijStam, 'riu-

rummage

ruble Vubl

rumor

rubric Vubrik, 'riu- |-ked -t

j-al -1 [-ally -li.

'rAinids

-iz |-d -d

'ruma^, 'riuma^;

ES

-ma(r; \-ed -d

rump TAmp |rumped rAmpt

rumple 'rAmpl

-ikh

|-s

'riu-

|-d

-d |-ling 'rAmphg,

pbo

rubricate adj 'rubrikit, Viu-, -^ket

rumpus 'rAmpas

rubricate v 'rubrijket, 'riu- |-d -id

run rAn jran raen |run rAn [running 'rAnig

ruby, R- Vubi, 'riu- j-ied -d

runabout 'rAna^baut

ruche ruj, riuj

j-s -iz |-d -t

|-es -iz

runagate 'rAna^get

{Fr ryj)

ruck tAk rucked rAkt

runaway 'rAna^we

ruction 'rAkJan

runcinate adj 'rAnsmit, -^net

Rudbeckia rAd'bekia
rudder 'rAda^;

ES

RuddyE + -jg33(r

Ruddigore,
-,g03(r,

rundle 'rAndl

ruddle 'rAdl \-d -d

VAdi^gor,

-jgar;

|-ling 'rAdliij,

VAdhg

-d

ES

rune run,

nun

1-d

'health)

-d

rung from ring rAg

ruddleman 'tAdlman |-men -man

|full

|-d

run-down 'rAn'daun ('run-,down

^AdaCr; l-ed -d

ful [tooth tue [further 'fySa^;

rung of ladder rAg |runged rAgd

runic 'runik, 'riu- |-ally

ES

-li, -ikli

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

'using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kred} [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipip

runnel

sacerdotal

370

runnel Vah]

Runnemede

rustler ^Asla^;

runner 'rAna^;

ES

ES

'rAslacr

Rustum 'rAstam

'rAni/inid

rusty 'rAsti

'rAnaCr; 1-ed -d

runnion 'rAnjan

rut rAt rutted 'rAtid

Runnymede

rutabaga jruta'bega, -'bega

'rAni,mid

runt rAnt runted 'rAntid

Rutgers

runway 'rAn^we

ruth,

rupee ru'pi

Rupert
rupture

ES

Viu-;

'rupa^t,

ES

'rAptJV;

-pat

-t/aCr;

|-d

-d

j-ring

-t/ario, -tjrig

rural 'rural, 'riural |-ly

-i

-iz

|-s

Rutherford

'rAtJa^fad;

Rutherfurd

'rA'Safa^d;

ruthful 'ruGfal, 'riuOruthless 'ruOlis, 'riu6-

-vil

rusk rAsk |rusked rAskt

Ruthwell

|-ville -jVil;

S + -vl

|-n

rustic 'rAstik |-al -1 j-ally -li |-ly -h

Rylstone

Rymer

rusticity rAs'tisati

ryot 'raiat

rustle 'rAsl j-d -d j-ling 'rAslig, VasIiq

Ryswick

\pl S's, Ss,

poss S's 'esiz

poss, b' 3 sg eliding, see -es

ahbr. spelling of has,

it's its,

is,

us, as in he's hiz,

there's Sgrz, Seaz, let's

kts, this's a fine day

tJis:

a fain de

possessive endifig, see 87-88.

ES

sa:(r,

E+sa:(r; {Ger za:r, Fr

For

the

sound

of

'rilstan, 'nlz-

'raima^;

ES

'raim3(r

'raiswik, 'riz-

saber, -bra 'seba^;

-bring -brig,

ES

'seba(r; |-ed, -d -d |-ing,

-bang

saber- toothed 'seba^tuGt, -jtutid;

ES

'seba-

Sabine people 'sebain, places sa'bin

sable 'sebj |sabled 'sebjd

sabot 'saebo, 'saebat {Fr sa'bo)

sabotage 'saeba^tas, 'saebatidg {Fr sabo'tais)

Sabrina sa'braina

sa:r)

Saarbriicken Ger 'zartibrykan

Sabaoth

-ri.

'raian

rustication jrAsti'ke/an

Saar sar;

-i/iaCr,

Rydal Mount 'raidl'maunt

Ryder 'raida^; ES 'raida(r
rye, R- rai
Ryerson 'raia^sn; ES 'rai-a-

rusticate 'rAsti^ket |-cated -jketid

-'s

ES

-iz

j-'s

-ry unstressed eliding -ri,

Ryan

-n

Rustam, -tem 'rAstam

she's /iz,

Sc+^nv]

the vowel, see -y.

rust rASt |rusted VAstid

's

'rAGvan, 'nvan)

|-shire -j/u, -JV;

Rutledge ^Athds

Russo-Japanese 'rASOjdsaepa'niz

es

|-ton -tan

Ruud rud

russet 'rASit

S, s letter

-man

|-nian

ES 'rAtiafad;
ES 'rAtiafad

'rA^Swal, 'rAG-,

Rutland 'rAtland

-iz

-/3{r

Ruskin 'rAskin
RUSS IAS |-'s -IZ

-s pi,

j-'s

|-ly -i

Ruthven 'ruGvan {Sc

{Fr ry:z)

R- r\S j-es -iz |-ed -t j-ville

Rushworth 'rA/wa^G; ES 'rAjwaO

Russia 'rAja

'rAtgaz;

-n

|-n

rush,

Russell 'rAsl

ES

1-ism -jizam

Ruritania jrura'tenia, jtiuruse ruz, riuz

'rAtga^z;

R- ru6, riuO
Ruthene ru'6in, riu- |-nia -nia
ruthenium ru'Oiniam, riu-

'saebi^aG, -jdG,

sac saek

Sac saek, sak = Sauk |Sac City la sak

-pO

Sabatini jsaeba'tini {It jsaba'timi)

saccharin 'saekarin

Sabbatarian jsaeba'terian,

saccharine n 'saekarin, -^rln; adj -jtam, -rin

-'taer-, -'ter-

Sabbath 'saebaG Sabbaths 'saebaGs

saccule 'saekjul

sabbatical, S- sa'baetikl |-ly

sacerdotal jsaesa^'dotl;

Key: See

in full 3-47.

Ibath baeG;

-i, -ikli

ES

jSaesa-; |-ly -i

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet \zt |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri
baG (10) |ah a |far far |watch wat/, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

sachem
sachem 'setjam

safety-valve 'sefti^vaelv

sachet saelfe {Fr salfe)

safHower

ES

-^flaur;

'sae^flaua',

-jflau'3(r.

-jflau3(r

Sacheverell sa'Jevaral

saffron

sack sack sacked saekt

|

'saefran,

ES

'saefa^n;

-fran, -fan; cf

apron

sackbut 'skjbAt

sag saeg sagged saegd

see cloth

sackcloth 'saek^kbe, -^kloG

sackful 'saekjful

Columb

Saint

371

saga 'saga

-z

[-s

sagacious sa'gejas, se- |-gacity sa'gaesati

Saco 's3ko
sacque saek

Sagadahoc 'saegadi^hak, -jhnk

sacral 'sekral

sagamore, S- 'saega^mor, -^mar;

ES

sacramental jsaekra'mentl

|-ism jizam

|-ly -i

sage sed3 |sages 'sedsiz

-d |-brush -jbrAj"

|-d

Saghalien ,saega'lin, sa'gakan= Sakhalin

|-ist -ist

sacramentarian jsakramen'terian,

Saginaw

-'ter-

'saega,na

& gen sg -tae

Sacramento jsaekra'mento

Sagitta, s- sa'dsita \pl

sacred 'sekrid

Sagittarius jsaedsi'terias, -'ter- \gen

-iz

|-d

The pron. with z is now

less

n, v 'ssekra^fais,

sacrifice

-jfaist, -jfaizd

-^faiz

|-s

frequent.

sacrilege 'saekr3lid5

sacrilegious

|-s

sago 'sego

Saguache sa'watj, -'wntj

saVatJe) = Sawatch

Saguenay

-iz

^saekri'lidsas,

British

-'lids

and American jsaekri'hd53s

is

probably due

analogy of 'saekrakds and the unre-

sacring 'sekriQ

jsaega'ne

sahib, S- 'sa-ib, 'sahib

said sed, unstressed sad (said he sad

'hi)

seld |-boat -jbot

sailcloth 'seljkbG, -jklnO, see cloth

ES

sacrosanct 'saekrojsaegkt

sailer 'sela^;

sacrum 'sekram

sailless 'sellis

|-ra -ra

sad saed

sailor 'sela^;
|-ed -d |-ing 'saednig, 'saednig

saddle 'saedl |-d -d |-hng 'saedhg, ^saedlig

'sela(r

ES

'sela(r

sainfoin 'senfain

Unstressed forms sint, sant.

saint, S- sent

saddlebag 'ssedljbaeg |-ged -d

snt, sin, san,

saddlebow 'saedjjbo

additional

ES

saddler, S- 'saedla^;

Saint Agnes's

'saedbcr

chiefly British.

ES

Saint Albans 'albanz

-jai-an

sadism 'saedizam, 'sed-

Saint

|-ist -ist

Asaph

'aegmsiz

jtin,

|-'s

ES

-jga:d,

-iz

ch. father,

missionary 'agas-

'byna^d;

ES

E+-jga:d;

ba'nard,

ba'nard

'banad,

Saint Cecilia

l-ed -id

E + -'na:d;

{Fr ber'narr)

si'silja, -'silia, -'silja

Saint Christopher 'kristafa^;

safety 'sefti

Saint Clair 'kkr,

safety-pin 'sefti^pin

Saint

ES

'fstJa

In

became a by dissimilation {121).

safekeeping ^sef'kipig

ful |tooth tue Jfurther 'fytSa^;

ES

'bynad; mt. pass, dog ba^'nard, ba'nard;

-jblo'3(r

safe-conduct 'sef'kandAkt; ES+'Tion-

safeguard 'sefigard;

St.

a'gAstin, a-; Fla city 'agasjtin

Saint Bernard La,

safe sef

ES

(m Keats

'aesaf, 'esaf , 'esaef

Saint Augustine

sadistic sae'djstik, se- [-ally -h, -ikli

safari sa'fari

safeblower 'sef^bloa';

Eve

For

St.- see the sec-

Agnes' 'aegnis)

'saed33,si, 'sagdju-

sadiron 'saedjaia^n;

sn are

names in Saint-,
ond part of the name.

saddleless 'saedlhs

|full

{Am Sp

Sahara sa'hgra, -'hera, -'hara

sail sel [sailed

sacristan 'saekristan sacristy 'siekristi

Sadducee

-iz

|-'s

Saigon iSa-i'gon, sai'gon {Fr sa-i'go)

lated ri'lidsas.

sadden 'saedn

-ti
-rii -ri^ai

saguaro sa'gwaro, -'waro

sacrificial jSiekra'fi/al \-]y -i

to the

-jmoa(r.

E + -imaa(r

sacrament 's^kramant

'klaer;

ES

'kristafa(r

'kka(r,

ES

'kiaea(r

Columb 'kalam; ES + 'kolam

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

Saint Croix

salpinx

372

Saint Croix 'kr3i. Me,

NB

/oc.

ES

Saint Cuthbert 'kAOba^t;

+ sig'-.

smt'-

Salamis 'saelamis

sal-ammoniac

'kAObat

|-'s

-iz

jsaela'tnonijaek, -njaek

Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupre -'aendabo'pre

Salarino jsaela'rino

Sainte-Beuve Fr st'boe:v

salary 'saelari salaried 'saeland

St.

Elmo 'elmo

Saint Gall

sale sel

Salem 'selam

'gal, 'gal, 'gael

Saint-Gaudens -'gadnz
Saint Giles 'dsailz

|-'s

saleratus ^saela'retas

-iz

|-'s

Salerio sa'kri^o, -'liriiO, -rjo

-iz

Saint Gotthard, Goth- 'gata-d;

ES

'gatad,

Saint Helena saint 'helina, -la-,

isl.

& La, Cal

Ives 'aivz, novel +^iyz

John

|-'s

sent'dsan.

-'dsnn; apos. b' places sent'dsan,

in

NB

with

Mohawk

'dson;

Lowell rimed St. John

sn'dson

loc.

Saint Lawrence 'brans,

'selmdsa^;

St.

ES

US

less freq.

|-'s

Saint-Mihiel Fr sie-mi'jel

saleswoman 'selz^wuman, -jwum- |-women

|-'s

St.

Ronan

|-'s

{Fr sa'lik)

salience 'selians |salient 'seliant, -Ijant

'saelajfai |-fied -^faid

saline 'selain |-linity sa'linati

Saline sa'lin

-iz
|-'s

= Salique

salicin 'saelasin

sahfy

Saint-Moritz -'merits, -'mar-; S -'mor-;

Regis 'ridsis

-^klsk, -^kls^^k

salicylic ^saela'silik

-IZ

Mary-le-bone church, borough 'mErila'bon

St.

ES

salicylate 'saelasi^let, sa'lisajet |-lated -jletid

-d3a(r

Pancras 'paegkras

distinct from

salesman 'selzman -men -man

salesroom 'selz^rum, -^rum

Salic 'saelik, 'selik

'lar-, 'lor- ]-'s -iz

places 'luis, 'liuis

St.

(//

Salian 'selian

Leger surname, race sent'kdsa^,

Saint Louis

-'lyno;

-;Wimin, -an

Injun.

Saint Julien 'dsuljan, 'dsiuljan

St.

-'bno,

Salesbury 'selzjben, -ban, -bri

salesclerk 'selz^klyk;

-iz

'sindgan,

surnajne

ES

sa'l^no;

Salisbury

places ha'lina, jsentl'ina

St.

Salerno

sa'krno)

'got-; {Fr sg3'ta:r)

St.

-able -abl [-bly -bli

Salique

-iz

|-ville -vil

'saelik, 'selik

= SaUc

{Fr sa'lik)

Salisbury 'salz^beri, -ban, -bri

-iz

sahva sa'laiva |-vous -vas

'ronan, 'ranan, 'rnn-

cf

121

|-ry 'saelajVEri

Saint-Saens Fr sa'sa

salivate 'saela^vet |-d -id |-tion ^saela've/an

Saint Sophia so'faia, sa-

sahet

Saint Swithin 'switJin, 'swiGin

sallow

Saint Valentine 'vaelan^tain

Saint Vitus 'vaitas

|-'s

-iz,

'saelit

in St.

Vitus's

dance + 'vaitas

-a |-ed -d

'saelo,

'saelawa^;

ES

|-ing

sallied 'saehd

L-

sally lunn, S-

sake sek

salmagundi, S- jSaelma'gAndi

Jap drink

'sasli'lAn

salmon 'saeman
Salmon surname

'saki

Sakhalin jSka'lin = Saghanen

Saki 'saki, 'saki

|-er

Sallust 'saelast
sally, S- 'sa;li

saith se6

sake

'sa^l^w^g

-waCr; |-est 'salawist

'saeman,

'sam-;

Bible

'saelman

sal chem., geol. sael; tree sal, sal

Saloijie sa'lomi

salaam sa'lam salaamed sa'lamd

salon Fr sa'lo

salability, salea- jsela'bilati

Salonika, -ca, -ki jsaela'nika, ^sal-, -'nai-, -ki.

salable 'selabl |-bly -bli

sa'lanika; ES-h-'lon-

salacious sa'lejas

saloon sa'lun

salad 'saelad

Salop short for Shropshire 'saelap

Saladin 'saeladin

Salopian sa'lopian

Salamanca jsaela'maegka, -'maenka

salamander

Key;

'saelajinaenda^;

See in fidl 3-47.

(bath baeO;

ES

|far

121

Salpiglossis, s- jsaelpi'glasis, -'glos-

-^maend a(r

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

cf

'piti

salpinx 'saelpigks |salpinges sael'pindsiz

(6) |rate ret |yet jst |sang sasg jangr}- 'aeg-gri

far ]watch wat/,

wot/

(12) |jaw dga |gorge gards [go go

373

salsify

Samian 'semian, 'semjan

salsify 'saelsafi
sal

soda

samite 'saemait

'sael'soda

Samnite 'saemnait

salted 'saltid

salt salt

Sandfoi-d

ES

saltant 'saeltant saltation sael'te/an

Samoa sa'moa |Samoan sa'moan

Samos 'semas, -mos |-'s -iz

saltarello ^saelta'relo {It jsalta'rello)

Samothrace 'saemajOres

salt-and-pepper 'saltn'pepa^;

-'pep3(r

saltatory 'saeltajtori, -jtari; S -jtori

saltcellar 'salt^sela^;

Salter
Salt

ES

'solta^;

Lake City

ES

-jma:/;

samovar 'saemajvor; ES

-jselaCr

'salt Jek'siti

ES

-iz [-cian jsaema-

-jva:(r,

E+-jva:(r

samp saemp
sampan 'stempaen

's3lt3(r

saltmarsh, S- 'saltimarf ;

[-'s

'Gre/an

-^ma:/,

E+

samphire 'saemfair; ES 'saemfaia(r

sample 'saempl; E + 'sam-, 'sam-;

|-es -iz

Salton Sink 'saltn'sigk

|-ling

sampler 'saempla^;

Saltonstall 'saltn^stal

ES -'pit3(r
ES -jwsks, -^ws^ks

ES

E+'sam-,

'sajmpla(r,

'sam-

saltpeter, -tre 'salt'plta^;

salubrious sa'lubrias, -'liu- |-brity -brati

Samson, -pson 'saempsn, 'saemsn

Samuel 'saemjual, 'saemjul, 'saemjal

salutary

samurai 'saemujiai

saltworks 'salt^wyks;

'saeli3jt8ri, -ju-

San Antonio jsajnan'tonio,

salutation jsselja'te/an, -ju-

salutatorian

sajluta'torian,

-jliu-,

-'tar-;

jsaenaen-, loc.+

/Saenan'ton

sanatorium jsaena'toriam,

-'tor-

salutatory sa'lutajtori, -'liu-, -jtari; S -jtori

-'tar-;

S -'tor-

|-s

sanatory 'saenajtori,

Saluzzo sa'lutso {It sa'luttso)

San Bernardino 'saen^byna^'dino, -nar-;

ES

-jdaa(r;

{Sp

-dorian

-nan

salvage 'saelvids

sav;

|-s

-iz |-d -d |-able -abl

^ointment,' v
|-d

'anoint'

saev;

E + sav,

'panGa)

sanctify

'saegktajfai

sanction 'saegkjan |-ed -d

sanctity 'saegktati

salver Hray' 'saelva^;

ES

sanctuary 'saegkt/ujEri

'saelva(r

salvia 'saelvia, 'saelvja

sanctum 'saegktam

Salvini sael'vini {It sal'virni)

Sanctus 'saegktas

salvo 'saelvo |-ed -d

sand saend sanded 'saendid

sal volatile 'saelvo'laetljl

Sand,

ES

-z \rarely -ta 'saegkta

George 'dsards'saend;

ES

'dsaads-;

{Fr 3ar3a'sa, -'sa:d)

'saelva(r

jsaem3''ksend;

|-s

|-es -iz

Sam saem
samara 'saemara
Samaria sa'meria, sa'meria |-n -n
Samaritan sa'm^ratn, sa'mer- |-ism -jizam
samarium sa'maeriam, sa'mEr-, sa'merES

jsaema'kaend

sandal 'saendl |-ed -d |-ing 'saendlig, -dlig

sandalwood 'saendl ^wud

sandbag 'saend^baeg,

sand-blind 'saend jblaind, 'saen-

sandbur,

ES -jb3(r, -^by
ES -bsg, -byg

-rr 'saend^by, 'saen-;

Sandburg 'saendbyg,

sambuke 'saembjuk, -biuk

same sem

Sanders 'saenda^z, 'san-;

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

|-bagged

'saen^baeg

-jbaegd

sambo, S- 'saembo

[full

|-fiedly

sanctimonious jsaegkta'monias, -'monjas

Salve, s- intj 'sslvi

Samarkand

-^faid

|-fied

-jfaiidli, -jfaidli

sanctimony 'sagktajmoiu

-d

'saelva'-;

ES

-jbsna-, -jbs^na-, -na:-

salve V 'salvage' saelv |-d -d |-vable -abl

salvor

S -jtori

sanctification jsaegktafa'kefan

salvation sael've/an ('Salivation 'Army)

salve n

-jtari;

Sancho Panza 'saegko'paenza {Sp 'sant/o-

-jSallJa'Sar)

Salvadoran, jsaelva'doran, -'dar-; S -'dor-;

I

-z

|-ria -ria

salute sa'lut, -'hut |-d -id

Salvador, El el'saelvajdar;

-d

|-d

-phg, -plig

'sasn-;

ES -daz; |-'s
ES 'saenfad

-iz

Sandford, Sanf- 'saenfa^d;

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toj' tax

'em 'kipm

374

sandglass
Words below

in which a before r (farm)

'saend^glas,

sandglass

is

sounded a are often pronounced in

E + -jglas,

'saen-;

Santa Cruz US,

ES

Sandhurst 'saendhs-st;

-hsst, -hyst

ES

'saen-;

-^pepaCr;

'rif

ES

-;paip3(r

Sandrocottus jsaendro'katas;

ES + -'kot-;

|-'s

'saen-

|-'s

-iz

'saendz, saenz

|-'s

|-es -iz |-ed -t

-iz, in

Shak.

spelt

NMex

'saenta^fe,

^saenta'fe,

Santayana

jsasnti'aena, -'ana

{Sp ^santa'jana)

saen'ti

Sao Paulo Pg jsau'paulu

Saorstat Eireann 'ssirjStat'eran, -'eran
|

sapheaded 'saep'hedid ('sap^headed

sane sen |saneness 'sennis

Sanford, Sand- 'saenfa^d;

ES

sapid 'saepid

'saenfad

San Francisco jsaenfran'sisko

sapience 'sepians, -pjans |-ent -ant

sapiential jsepi'enjal

|-ly -i

sangaree jsaegga'ri

Sapir sa'pir, sa-;

ES

-'pia(r

'saega^, 'saegga^;

ES

sapling 'saeplig

-3(r

sang-froid Fr sa'frwa

sapodilla ^saepa'dila

saponaceous jsaepa'ne/as

Sangraal saeg'grel
'saeggwin

|-nary

|-neness

-^eri

saponification sajpanafa'kejan; ES-i--jpDn-

saponine 'saepanin, -jnin |-nin -nin

-gwinnis -neous saeg'gwinias

Sanhedrin, -im 'saenijdrin, -,drim

saponite 'saEpa^nait

sanitarian jsaena'terian, -'ter- |-rium

-nam

Sapphic

'saefik

Sapphira sa'faira

sanitary 'saenajtsri j-tation jsaena'te/an

ES

sanity 'saenati

sapphire 'saefair;

San Joaquin Cal jsaenwo'kin, PI jsaenhoa'kin

San Jose jsaenho'ze, -no'ze ('San Jojse 'scale)
San Juan saen'hwan, -'wan, -nn

sapphirine 'saefarin, -jrin

Sappho

'saefaia(r; |-d

sank saegk

San Miguel jsaenmi'gel

sapsucker 'saep^SAka^;

Sannazaro jsaena'zaro

sapwood 'saepjwud

{It ^sanna'dzairo)

j-tic ^saepro'titik

ES

'saepjSAka(r

Saracen 'saerasn

sans saenz {Fr sa)

saen'saelva^dar;

ES

-^daaCr;

{Sp

Saragossa ^saera'gasa, -'gosa

Sarah, -ra 'sera, csp. S 'sera

iSaiPa'tJar)

sans-culotte jsaenzkju'lat, -ka-, -'lot |-tism

-izam

-d

'saefo

sappy 'saepi
saprophyte 'saepro,fait

San Salvador

'lout)

|-ity sae'pidati, sa-

sang saeo

sanguine

|-tist -ist

-ic

Sarajevo 'saraJE^vo, jSara'JEVo

Saranac 'saerajnaek

{Fr saky'lat)

Sanskrit, -crit 'saenskrit

Sarasota jsaera'sota

saen'skritik

sans-serif, sanserif saen'serif, saenz's-

Saratoga ,saera'toga ('Sara^toga 'chips)

Santa Ana, Anna jsaenta'aena,

sarcasm 'sarkaezam;

Santa

Barbara

^saenti'aena

,saenta'barbara,

-bra;

ES

-'barb-

Key:

See in full 3-47.

|bath bae0;

older

sap saep sapped saept |-head -jhed

Sandys, Sands

Sanger

jsaenta-

\WPacif

So'miggo)

Sandusky san'dAski
sandwich, S- 'saendwitj, 'saen-

Sandys

PI

Santiago jsaenti'ego, -'ago {Sp jsanti'ago)

Santo Domingo jsaentoda'miggo {Sp jsanto-

-iz

j-'s

^santa'krus)

-iz

j-'s

-/, -'fi

Santee

-IZ

Sands saendz, saenz

'saenta-

jsaenta'kruz;

Santa Fe Arg ^santa'fe {Sp ,santa'fe)

Sandringham 'saendngam

sandstone 'saendjston,

WI

{Sp jsanta'krue-tje.tene'rife)

Santa Fe

-ed -d |-ing -jpeprio, -jpeparig

sandpiper 'saend^paipa', 'saen-;

with a (fa:m)

jsaenta'kruO {Sp jSanta'kruG)

Santa Cruz de Tenerife jsaenta'kruz-dijtEna-

jsaen-di'ego

sandman 'saend^maen |-men -jm2n

sandpaper 'saend^pepa^,

{AmSp

'krus

jsaenta^kaetl'ina

Santa Claus 'saentijkbz,

-jglas; |-es -iz

sandhi 'siendhi, 'san-, 'sAn-, -dl

San Diego

Santa Catalina

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

ES 'sa:kaezam
ES sa:-; |-ally
sarcoma sar'koma; ES sa:'koma
sarcastic sar'kaestik;

-li, -ikli

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr\' 'aeg-gri

far |vvatch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards [go go

375

sarcophagus

sarcophagus sar'kafagas;
|-es -iz |-gi

in which a before r (farm) is sounded a are often pronounced in

Words below

ES

sa'kaf-, -'knf-;

satiability jse/ia'bilati, jse/a-

-jdsai

sard, S- sard;

ES

with a (fa:in)

satelhte 'saetl^ait

-bh

satiable 'sejiabl, 'seja- [-bly

sa:d

ES

Sardanapalus jsarda'naepalas;

^sard-;

|-'s

satiate 'se/i^et |-d -id

satiety sa'taiati, sae't-

-IZ

ES

sardine stone 'sardin, -dam;

sardine

fish

ES

sar'din;

satin 'saetn, 'saetin |-ed -d

'sard-

sa:'dm

('sar-

satinette, -net ^saetn'et, -ti'net

satinwood 'saetn^wud,

;dine 'salad)

ES

Sardinia sar'dinia, -nja;

sa'd-; ]-n -n

satire 'saetair;

ES 'sa:dis; j-'s -iz

ES 'sa:di9s; |-es -iz
sar'danik; ES sai'danik, -'donik;

ES

'saetin-

'saetaia(r

Sardis 'sardis;

satiric sa'tirik, sae- |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

sardius 'sardias;

satirist 'saetarist

sardonic

satirize 'saeta,raiz

satisfaction

l-ally -li, -ikli

ES 'sa:d-; |-es
sar'gaeso; ES sa:'gaeso

sardon37x 'sardaniks;
sargasso, S-

Sargeant,

-geaunt

-gent,

-tan

ES

satrap 'setraep, -trap

|-y 'setrapi, 'saetrapi

saturable 'saetjarabl |-bly -bli

Sargon 'sargan;

ES

saturant 'saet/arant

'sa:gan, -gon

saturate 'saet/a^ret |-d -id ]-tion jsaetj'a're/an

ES

sark sark;

sa:k; |-ed

Saturday

-t

Saturn

sarong sa'rag, 'sarog, -og

Saroyan sa'rojan
Sarpedon sar'pidn, -dan;
-don

sa:'pidn, -dan,

sarsenet 'sarsnit;

ES

Sarto, del dtl'sarto;

ES

jsa:s-

'sa:snit

ES

ES

sa'tor-,

E+ -'tarES

'saitari-

'saer-, 'ser

'saejiz

cf Salisbury

sashed

jsaeta^'neli;

ES + -jbDks;

saucebox 'sas^baks;
saucer

'sasa^;

ES

'sasa(r; |-ed -d

'sasi

sauerkraut 'saur^kraut;

ES

'saua^kraut

Saul sal
sas-,

-jwon,

wan, -wan

Sault Sainte Marie 'sujsentma'ri

Saunders 'sanda^z, 'son-, 'san-,

Saskatoon jsaeska'tun

saunter

sassafras 'saesa^fraes, 'saesf-

|-ing

'saesn^aek, -ax

'santa^, 'son-, 'san-;

'saen-

ES

|-'s

-iz

-ta(r; |-ed -d

-tang, -trig

saurian 'sarian

ES + -jpDd

Sassoon sae'sun, sa'sun

sauropod 'sara^pad;

sassy

sausage 'sasids, 'sds-, 'sas-

'saesi

sat saet

\-s

-iz

Sausalito jsasa'lito, -a

Satan 'setn
Satanic se'taenik, sa-

j-es -iz

-pan

'sasjpaen,

Sauk Center Minn, Sauk City Wis sak

saeft

sae'/e |-ed -d

Saskatchewan saes'kaetjajwan,

Sassenach

Monday

ES ^saeta-; |-lia -lia, -Ija

ES -'tsn-, -'tynsaturnine, S- 'saeta^^nain; ES 'satajnain
Saturninus ^saeta^'nainas; ES ^saeta-; [-'s -iz
satyr 'saeta', 'seta^; ES 'saeta(r, 'seta(r

saucy

'sa:t3s

'saeta-; see

'ssetan

Saturnian sae'ts^nian;

saucepan

Sartor Resartus 'sartari'sortas;

Sarum 'seram,

ES

sauce sas |sauces 'sasiz [sauced sast

-'sa:to

sartorial sar'torial, -rjal, -'tar-;

sash saej sashes

ES

'saeta'di;

'saeta^n;

Saturnale

ES

sarsaparilla jsarspa'nla, ^sarsa-;

saute so'te |-teed -'ted ('sau^te 'hash)

j-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

sauterne, S- so'tyn;

ES

so'tsn, -'tyn

satchel 'saetjal |-ed -d

savage 'saevids

sate past of sit set, saet

savanna, -ah, S- sa'vaena

.sate 'fUr set |sated 'setid

ful Jtooth tu6 [further 'fy'Sa';

|-s

-iz |-ry -ri

savant sa'vant, 'saevant {Fr sa'va)

sateen sae'tin
|full

-tri,

satisfy 'saetiSjfai |-fied -jfaid

'sordsant;

sari 'sari

-J

-d
|-tory

|-torily -trail, -tarali

-iz

'sa:d5-

sashay

-iz |-d

|-s

jsaetis'faek/an

save sev saved sevd

I

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

(using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vi3an jEden 'idn [cradle 'kred} [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

376

save-all
save-all 'sevpl

scale skel [scaled skeld

ES

saver 'seva^;

scalene ske'Iin ('scajene 'triangle)

'sevatr

savings-bank 'sevigzjbaegk

ES

savior, Saviour 'sevja';

savoir-faire 'saevwar'fer,
'f83(r,

ES

-'fae3(r;

ES

-'faer;

'saevwa:-

{It jsavona'rDila)

'sev3(r; [-ed -d |-ing-v3rig,

'skehd33(r

scallop 'skal3p, 'skl-;

ES + 'sknl-;

scalp skaalp [scalped skaelpt

scalpel 'skaelpel [scalpeled 'skaelpeld

Scamander,

savory 'sevari, 'sevri

Savoy saVai
Savoyard saVaia^d,
savvy, -ey

ES

sa'vaja'd;

'saevi |-ied,

-ad, -jad;

-eyed 'saevid

scamp skaemp [scamped

skaerapt

scamper 'skaempa^; ES

-p3(r;

sawfish 's3jfiX

scansion 'skaen/an

|-lish's -ifijiz

scandal 'skaendl |-ed -d [ing -diig, -dUg

scandahze 'skaendl, aiz |-s -iz |-d -d

scandalous 'skaendl3s, -dbs
Scanderbeg 'skaenda^^beg; ES 'skaendsScandinavia jskaend3'nevi3, -vja

sawhorse 's3jh3rs;

ES

-jh33s;

sawn one pptc

scanty 'skaenti

of

Scapa Flow

saw san

'saja^;

Saxe saeks

|-'s

ES

[-tily -tli, -till

'skaepa'flo, 'skap3-

'scape, scape

's3jtuOt, -jtutid

sawyer, S-

skep

scapula 'skaepjala

ES

[-ed -t [-goat -,got

scapegrace 'skep^gres [-graces -jgresiz

's3J3(r

-iz

saxhorn 'sasks^harn;

scar skar;

-jh33n

ES

-z |-lae

|-s

-,li

ska:(r, E-|-ska:(r; [-red -d

saxifrage 'saeks3frid3 |-gous saeks'ifr3g3s

scarab 'skaersb |-oid -pid

Saxon 'saeksn Saxony 'saeks3ni, 'sasksni

saxophone 'saeks3jfon |-d -d -nist -ist

scarabaeus ,skaer3'bi3s

say se |says sez |saith see |said sed; unstressed

Scarboro, -rough 'skarjbyo, -a;

'hi),

ssd (ssd

Scaramouch,

s-

[-es -iz [-baei -'biai

'skaer3,mautX, -jiniij

scarce skers, skaers;

zbUd

scare sker, skaer;

scabbard 'skaeba^d;

ES

sk83s,

|-ness -idnis

scabies 'skebi^iz, 'skebiz

ES

sk3(r,

scarf skarf;

ES

-vd

scarify 'skaer3jfai |-fied -,faid

scarlatina ^skarb'tins;

Scafell 'sk3'fel |S- Pike 'sk3,kl'paik

Scarlatti

scaffold 'skasfld, 'skaefold |-ed -id

'skaeb^wasg |-ery -3ri,

See in full 3-47.

ES

skar'lati, -'laeti;

jska:l-, E-i-jska:l-

ES

ska:l-;

{It

skar'latti)

scaffoldage 'skaefldids |-ding -dig

scald sksld [scalded 'skaldid

ske3(r; [-d -d

scarification jskaer3f3'keX3n

Scabiosa iSkebi'os3 [scabious 'skebi3S

[bath baeO;

skaess;

ska:f, E-|-ska:f; |-rves -vz ar

-rfs -s [-ed -t [-rved

scabrous 'skebr3s

Key:

ES

[-crow -jkro

'skaeb3d; |-ed -id

scabbed adj 'skaebid, sktebd

-11-

[-es -iz

'skaz^bsr-,

[-city -3ti

scab skaeb [scabbed skaebd

scalawag,

ES

-jbAr-, -]by-, E-h'ska:-

'hi)

-iz

say-so 'se^so
'sblood

-n

scantling 'skaenthg |-ed -d

\-s -iz

sawmill 's3jnul

j-'s

|-n

scant skaent [scanted 'skaentid

's3jflai

S3Z (s3z

-d j-ing

|-ed

scan skaen [scanned skand

scandium 'skaendi3m

Sayce ses

-'maend3(r;

-psrig, -prig

saw S3 \past sawed sad \pptc sawed sad or

sawn san [-ing 'sD-ig
saw past of see S3
Sawatch sa'watj, -'wDtJ |-'s -iz, cj Saguache
sawbones 's3jbonz l-'s -iz
sawbuck 'sa^bAk
sawdust 's3jdAst |sawdusted 'sa^dAstid

saw-toothed

ES

sk3'maend3^;

s-

|-ed -d [-ing -d3rig, -drig

savb''ja:r)

sawfiy

[-ed -t

Scalopus sk3'Iop3s

scaly 'skeh

-vrig

{Fr

ES

Scaliger 'skaehdsa;
scallion 'skaeljan

'sevJ3(r

{Fr savwar'fsir)

Savonarola ^saevanaVob
savor 'sev3^;

Scarsdale

scarlet 'skarlit;
-ri

scarp skarp;

ES

ES

'ska:ht, E-t-'ska:l-

ska:p, E-t-ska:p; |-ed

Scarsdale 'skarzjdel;

ES

'ska:z-,

-t

E + 'ska:z-

bee bi jpity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angn,- 'aeg-gri
baO (10) [ah a [far far [watch watj, wotj (12) [jaw d33 [gorge gards [go go


Schwartz

377

scarved
scarved skarvd;
scarves skarvz;

ES skarvd, E+ska:vd
ES ska:vz, E+ska:vz
S

'skerri, 'skaen;

scary 'skeri,

Some

'skaeri

speakers distinguish scary from skerry by a

Schliemann 'Xliman {Ger 'Jli^man)

Schmidt /mit
schnapps Jnieps, Jnaps {Ger schnaps Jnaps)
schnauzer

Schoenbrunn

scat card

game skat

scat

skaet [-ted -id

'git!'

ES

'Jnauza^;

{Ger

'J'nauz3(r;

'Jnautsar)

longer e.

'/enbran, -brun {Ger Jorn-

'brun)

scathe sketS scathed skeSd |-thing-io

|-less-Iis

Schofield 'skofild

scatter 'skaeta^;

ES

Schoharie sko'haeri

'skaet3(r; |-ed -d

scatterbrain 'skaeta^jbren

|-s

scholar 'skala^;

-z |-ed -d

scaup skDp

ES

'skal3(r, 'sknl-; |-ship -;/ip

|-al -1 |-ally -li

scholastic sko'laestik

scavenge 'skaevinds

-d

-iz |-d

|-s

|-r -3';

ES

Scholes skolz

-3(r

scenario si'nerijO, -'naer-, -'nar- (// /e'nairjo)

schoHast

|-'s

-iz

'skolijaest [-ic jskoh'aestik

schohum 'skoham

|-rist -rist

scene sin |scened sind |-ry -an,

scenic 'siiuk, 'ssn-

school skul |-ed -d |-book -^buk |-boy -^bai

-ikk

j-al -1 |-ally -li,

schoolfellow 'skuljfelo, -a

scent sent scented 'sentid

schoolgirl 'skul^gs^l;

ES

'septa^;

'sept3(r;

|-(e)d

-d

|-al -1 ]-ally -li, -ikli

scepticism 'skeptajSizam

Schacht Ger Jaxt

schedule 'skedsul

Brit Ifedjul

|-d -d,

ES

schoolhouse 'skul^haus

-igsl, -jgyl
|-ses -ziz

schoolma'am 'skuljinam, -jmaem

schoolman 'scholastic' 'skulman |-men -man
schoolman 'schoolteacher' 'skul^maen |-men
-jmen
schoolmarm ^skul^mam, -jmarm; ES -jmarm,

|-(r)ing 'septarig, -ptrig

sceptic 'skeptik

-ha

|-lia

Schonbrunn 'Jenbrun {Ger /orn'brun)

-ri

scenography si'nagrafi, -'nngscepter, -tre

E+-jma:m

scheelite 'Jilait

Scheherazade /ajhera'zada, -jhaera-, -jhira-

schoolmaster

schematic ski'maetik

|-s

schoolmistress 'skul^mistris

schoolteacher 'skuljtitJV ;

scherzando sker'tsando, -'tsaendo {It sker-

schooner 'skuna^;

schoolyard 'skuljard;

ES

ES

ES

-z

|-zi -tsi

(7^ 'skertso)

Schiaparelli skijapaVeli, jskjap- {It ^skjapa'relli)

-jtit/a(r

-jja:d,

E + -ja:d

'skuna(r

schooner-rigged 'skuna^^rigd;

'tsando)

ES

'skuna-

Schopenhauer '/opan^haua^; ES -jhau-a(r

schottische, -sch '/ati/;

ES + lfot-;

Schroon skrun

|S- test lfikjtst

'/ila-;

ES

i/ib(r; {Ger Ifibr)

Schubert

Ifuba^t, !fiu-;

ES -bat; {Ger !fu:bart)

ES -/bag, -jbs^g

schism 'sizam |-atism 'sizmajtizsm

Schulenburg '/ulan^byg;

schismatic siz^maetik

Schumann Ifuman, 'Jiu- |S- -Heink

Schurman '/urman; ES '/uaman

schist /ist

|-ic

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

-ik |-ose -os |-ous -as

schizocarp 'skiza^karp;

ES

schizophrenia jskiza'frinis

-jkaip,
|-ic

E + -,ka:p

Schurz/urts; ES/uats;
Schuyler

-'frenik

'skaila^;

ES

j-'s

-iz

Schlegel '/legl {Ger 'Jlergal)

Schuylkill 'skulkil

schwa Jwa {Ger J"va:)

Schwab /wab, /wnb, /wab
Schwartz swarts; ES swaats;

|S-

|full

'Jles-

{Ger 'Jlersvix, Ifl^s-)

-Holstein -'holstain

Am admiral slai; Ga county S\ai

ful jtooth tu6 [further 'fySy;

ES

'fs'Sa

-'haigk

'skaila(r; |-ville -jViI

Schleswig !flswig,

Schley

l-(e)s -iz

|-(e)d -t

Schick Jik
Schiller

|-es -iz

schoolroom 'skul,rum, -^rum

-iz |-d -d

scheme skim schemed skimd

Schenectady ska'nsktadi

|-s

-/maestaCr,

|-ed -d |-ing -tang, -trig

schoolmate 'skul^met

|-ally -li, -ikli

schematism ^skimsjtizsm
schematize ^kimsjtaiz

ES

'skul^maesta^;

E+-jmas-, -^mas-;

Scheldt skelt

scherzo 'skertso

|-ly -li

|-ism -tajSizam

l-'s

-iz

[custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau [toy

[using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij [vision 'vi3an

tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kred} [keep 'em 'kipm

schweizerkase

Scranton

378

schweizerkase 'swaitsa^^keza ;

ES

-tsa-; {Ger

scorbutic skar'bjutik, -'biu-;

sciagram
-igraf

'sai3jgraem

[-graph

E+

-jgraef;

scorify 'skora^fai, 'skar-; S 'skor-; |-fied -jfaid

sciatica sai^aetiks

ES

scorn skarn;

-iz |-d -t

|-s

scientific ^saian'tifik |-al -1 |-ally -Ii, -ikli

skaan;

scorpion 'skarpian;

scilicet 'silijSEt

Scot, s- skat;

Scilla 'Scylla' 'sib {It Ifilla)

Scotch skatj;

ES+skot
ES + skotJ; [-man -man |-men

ES + skotJ";

scotch skcitj;

Scilly Isles 'sili'ailz

scimitar, -ter 'simata-;

ES

ES

scoter 'skota^;

scintillate 'sintljct

-d -id |-tor

ES

-a^;

-3(r

scot-free

scintillation jSmtj'eXan

sciohsm 'saia^bzam

'skota(r

ES-i-'skot-;

'skat'fri;

Scotia 'sko/a, -/la

|-Hst -hst

ES + 'skotES + skots; |-man -man |-men

Scotland 'skatbnd;

Scioto sai'ota, -to

Scots skats;

Scipio 'sipijo

-man
Scotswoman

scire facias 'sairi'fefijaes

scirrhus 'siras, 'skir- |-rhous -as

'skots-;

'siza(r; |-s -z |-ed

Scotts Bluff 'skats'bkf;

ES

-'ramata(r.

Scotus 'skotas

|-'s

scour

ES + -'rDt-;

ES

skaur;

scourge skyds;
scouse skaus

-t

scold skold scolded 'skoldid

-d

|-ed

[-ing

ES

|-s

sksdg, skyds;

|-s

-iz |-d -d

-iz

scout skaut [scouted 'skautid

ES 'skabd,

scoutmaster

'sknl-

ES + 'sknli

Scol'lay 'skAli, sp. pron. 'skali,

ES + 'sknl-; |-ed -t
ES + skons; ]-s -iz |-d

ES

'skaut^maest*;

-;maesta(r.

E-i--jmas-, -jmas-

scow skau [scowed skaud

scowl skaul [scowled skauld

scollop 'skabp;

-t

scrabble 'skraebl [-d -d [-hng -bhg, -bbg

scone skon, sknn

Scone skun, skon

scrag skraeg [scragged skra;gd

scoop skup [scooped skupt

|-ful

'skup^ful

scragged adj 'skraegid |-gled -Id [-gling -bg

scoot skut [scooted 'skutid

[-gly

ES + sknp

-b [-gy

-I [-gily

scramble 'skraembl

sko'pabmin,

-'pol-,

jskopa-

'laemin |-ine -in, -in

See in full 3-47.

-b, -ib

scram skraem [scrammed skr^emd

scope skop

|-ly -i

skaua(r;

'skaurig

j-al -1

sclerous 'skliras

scopolamin

ES + 'skots-

-iz

scoundrel 'skaundral

-'romsclerosis skli'rosis |-roses -'rosiz

scop skap, skop;

ES +

Scottsbluff 'skatSjbUf; ES-t-'skots-

skli'ramata';

sconce skans;

-jwu-;

Scottish 'skatij; ES-h'sknt-

sclaffed sklaeft

scleriasis skh'raiasis

[bath baee;

'skats^wuman,

-women -jWimin, -an

Scotticism 'skata^sizam; ES-h'skota-

-d

Scituate 'sit/ujet, 'sitja^wet

Key:

Scott skat; ES-i-skot; |-dale -^del

scission 'sisan, 'si/an

sknf |-ed

('scot-^free

'trip)

scion 'saian

sclerotic skli'ratik;

]-es -iz |-ed -t

Scotch-Irish 'skatj'airif; ES-t-'skotJ-

'simataCr; |-ed -d

scintilla sin'tib

Scollard 'skabd;

-fal

|-ful

-man

Scilla 'squill' 'sib

scoff skaf,

-d

ES 'skaapi^o
ES 'skaapian

Scorpio 'skarpijo;

scientistic jsaian'tistik |-ally -li, -ikli

sclerometer

|-ed

-fully -fall

scientist, S- 'saiantist

ES

-d

-riji

scoriaceous jskori'e/as, ^skar-; S /skor-

-ikh

sciatic sai'aetik |-al -1 |-ally -ji,

sclaf sklaef

|-al -1

ES skaatj; ]-es -iz |-ed -t

ES skoa(r, E+skaaCr; [-d

scorch skartj";

scoria 'skoria, 'skar-; S 'skor-; |-riae

sciagraphy sai'aegrafi

scissor 'siza^;

skaa-;

score skor, skar;

-jgraf

science 'saians

ES

|-ally -li, -ikli

IfvaitsarjkEiza)

[-d

-d j-ling -bbg, -bjig

scrannel 'skraenl

Scranton 'skraentan
bee bi [pity

bae (10) jah a

[far

'piti (6)

[rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angr\- 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj,

wotj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards jgo go

379

scrap

scut

scrap skraep [scrapped skraept |-book -jbuk

scrubby 'skrAbi

scrape skrep scraped skrept

scruff skrAf

ES 'skrep3(r
'skraepa^; ES 'skraepa(r

scraper 'skrepa^;

scrummage 'skrAinids

scrapper

scrumptious 'skrAmpJas
scrunch skrAntJ

scrapple 'skraepl

scrappy 'skraepi

|-ily -li,

scruple

-ik

scratch skraet/ scratches 'skraetjiz |-ed

|

|-s

[-es -iz [-ed -t

'skrupl,

'skriu-

scrupulosity

scrawl skral jscrawled skrold

scrawny 'skrDni

jskrupja'lasati,

|-ny

ES

scree skri

screech skritj [screeches 'skritjiz |-ed

Scudery Fr skyde'ri
scudo It 'sku:do

Screven 'skrivin, -an

scuff skAf [scuffed skAft

screw skru, skriu j-ed -d [-driver -jdraiva^;

ES

'skrbbm

ES

[-di -di

skAl'dAdari,

[-duggery

-dri

-'dAgari, -gri

-Hng 'skriblig, -blig

sculk skAlk [sculked skAlkt

scull skAl [sculled

'skribbcr

skAld

scullduddery, -dugg- see sculduddery

scribe skraib scribed skraibd

ES

[-der, S- -a^;

scuffle 'skAfl [-d -d [ling 'skAfhg, -flig

sculduddery

-jdraiv3(r

Scribner 'skribna^;

-d

-3(r

screen skrin [screened skrind

ES

|-d

-miger, -migar 'skriindsa^;

-e,

screed skrid |screeded 'skridid

scribble 'skribl [-d -d

-iz

|-s

-d33(r

scud skAd [scudded 'skAdid

-t

screech-owl 'skrit/jaul

scribbler 'skribla-;

ES-f-

-I

Scrymgeour,

scream skrim screamed skrimd

scullery 'skAbri

'skribn3(r

scrim skrim

scullion 'skAljan

scrimmage 'skrimids

sknmp

[-s

sculp skAlp [-ed

-iz |-d -d

[-ed

-t

sculpin 'skAlpin

[scrimped skrimpt

scrimshaw 'skrimja

sculptor 'skAlpta^;

-d

ES

sculptress 'skAlptris

scrip skrip [-page 'skripidj

'skAlpt3(r

[-es -iz

sculptural 'skAlptJaral

script skript

scriptorium skrip'toriara, -'tar-; S -'tor-;

[-ria

[-ly -i

ES

sculpture 'skAlpt/a^;

-d

-tJaCr; |-d

sculpturesque jskAlptJa'rtsk

-ri3

scriptural, S- 'skript/aral |-ly -i |-ism -jizam

scripture, S- 'skriptja^;

ES

'skriptJaCr; [-d -d

ES

scupper

scrofula 'skrafjab, 'skrof-, 'skraf- |-lous

-d

[-d

|-ling

-i

'skAmbhg,

ES

scurf skyf ;

-iz

Scroop skrup

scrotum 'skrotam

'skApa^;

ES

[-s

[-s

-iz [-d

-iz |-d

-d

scurriHty

ES

ES

-t [-y -i

'sksr-, 'skAr-, 'sky-;

ska'rilati,

ES+sks'ril-,

ES 'sksri, 'skAn,
ES 'sksvi, 'skyvi

scurry, S- 'skyi;

scrubbed adj 'skrAbid

scurvy

'sks'vi;

'skyi

scut skAt [scutted 'skAtid

[-es -iz

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

sky'il-;

skA-

-d

scrub skrAb [scrubbed skrAbd

scrub-brush 'skrAbjbrAj

|-ing

[-lous -as

[-tal -tl

scrounge skraunds

-d

|-ed

sksf, ska^f ; [-ed

scurrile 'skyil, -al;

scrouge skrudg, skrauds

-p3(r;

'skAparig, 'skAprig

'skApa-

|-es -iz [-ed -t

[-'s

-bs

scuppernong 'skApa^^nag, -inng, -jnag;

scrolled skrold

Scrooge skruds

scumble 'skAmbl

scup skAp [scupped skApt

-n3(r

scrod skrad; ES-t-skrnd

scrooch skrutj

scum skAm [scummed skAmd [-my

-bhg

Scriven 'skrivan
scrivener, S- 'skrivna^, -vana^;

[full

jskriu-;

scrutinize 'skrutrijaiz, 'skriu-

scroll skrol

-d [-ling -phg,

-'Ids-

screak skrik screaked skrikt

scrimp

[-d

-plig, [-pulous -pjalas

-t

scratch-awl 'skraet/pl

Scriabin skri'abin,

-d

-iz [-d

ES

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan

hau

[toy tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em

'kipni

380

Scutari

second-class

Scutari 'skutari, sku'tan

seance 'seans, 'sians

scutate 'skjutet, 'skiu-

seaplane 'si^plen

scutch skAtJ scutches 'skAt/iz [-ed

scutcheon 'skAtJan

seaport

-t

skjuHeb, skiu-

ES

sstj, ss^tj;

|-la

ES

'skAt3(r; |-ed -d

Searle syl;

ES 's3si, 'sysi
ES ssl, syl; [-s -z
ES siaz; |-'s -iz

Scylla 'sib

seascape 'si^skep

scythe sai3 scythed saitJd

seascout 'si^skaut

Scythia

seashore,

-n

'sdeath zdeO

word

sa'det,

initial si-, sa-, si- (sedate

si'det);

In

(select sl'ekt).

before

many

s}-

often

when only one

the vocab.

pron. is given {usually si-),

be under-

it is to

speakers also profiounce sa-.

si-, si- (si- esp.

si

'si^bord,

ES

-^bard;

E+

-jboad,

-/baad

sea-born 'si/barn;

ES

ES

E+

-^boan,

[-ly -i

seat sit [seated 'sitid

si'aetl, 'siaetl ('Se^attle

'siwa-d;

ES

'siwad;

seaway 'si^we
seaweed 'si^wid
seaworthy 'si^wytJi; ES

seafarer

'si/fera',

-jfaera^;

ES

-^feraCr,

'sifa^d;

ES

-jWstJi, -jWytJi

Sebago si'bego

sebum 'sibam, 'sibm

secant 'sikant, 'sikaent

Secaucus si'kakas

'sifad

seafowl 'sijfaul
'siga^;

secede

ES 'siga(r
ES -igst,

seagirt 'sijgyt;

[-'s

-iz

si'sid, si- |-d -id

secession si'se/an, si- [-ism -jizam

Seckel pear 'sekj, 'sikl

seclude si'klud, -'kbud [d -id

[sealed sild [sealery 'sibn

sealless 'silbs

seclusion si'klusan, -'kbusan

Sealyham 'sib/haem, 'sibam

seam sim [seamed simd
seaman 'siman [-men -man [-like -Jaik

second n,

some
|-ly

-b

'sijinark;

ES

-/ina:k, E-i--/ma:k

Seamus 'Jemas |-'s -iz

Seanad Eireann 'saenad'eran,
See in full 3-47.

[bath bae6;

second

adj,

co?z55.

adv 'sekand, 'stkant, before

+ 'sskan

('sekan'get)

'sekand, -nt [-ed -andid

secondary 'skan;d8ri

-Jip

seamstress 'simstris, older 'sem-

Key:

|-ist -ist

Sechuana se't/wana

-igs^t

seagoing 'si^go-ig

j-ship

-z

sec sek

-/faera(r

seafaring 'si^ferig, -jfaer-; S -jfaer-

seamark

Wash.)

|-s

Sebring 'sibrig

seacoast 'sijkost

sil

seasonal 'siznal

Sebastopol si'baestapl, i?2w^ia -f^sebas'topl

Seabright 'si^brait

seal

season 'sizn |-ed -d [-ing 'siznig, 'siziug

Sebastian si'baestjan

-jbaan

Seager

E-h

sebaceous si'bejas

-^baan

sea-borne 'si/born, -^barn;

Seaford

-J'oa(r,

seasonable 'siznabj, 'sizna- |-bly -bb

seaward

'sijbitj, loc. 'sibids [-'s -iz

seaboard

ES

seaside 'si^said

Seattle

in deliberate speech).

|-beach -/bit/ [-beaches -jbit/iz

Seabeach

-ijar;

'si^Jor,

-ziz

seasick 'sijSik

se- tmstressed

sea

S-

j-s's

-iJaair

se music se

stood that

|-ed -t

'sstj-, 'sytj-

Sears sirz;

si'det,

-iz

Searcy 'sysi;

-a

scuttle 'skAtj |-d -d |-ling 'skAtlig, -tbg

'siOia |-n

|-es

search-warrant 'sytjjwarant, -^war-, -jwor-;

scutellate 'scaly' skju'telit, 'skjutl^et, -kiu-

scutellum skju'tbm, skiu-

-^poat, E-i--jpaat

j-light -Jait

j-lae -i

scutellate 'platterlike' 'skjutj^et, 'skiu-

scatter 'skAta^;

ES

{Fr se'a:s)

S+sa(r; |-ed -d

sia(r,

search syt/;

scute skjut, skiut

scutella

ES

-iz

ES

'si^port, -/part;

sear sir;

[-ed -d

[-s

second-class

E + -'klas,

-'eran

bee bi [pity

baO (10) |ah a

secondarily 'sekaii/derab, -ib, esp.

[far

if

em ph.

/SEkan'der-

|-es -iz

'piti

'sekand'klaes,

'sekan-,

'sskg-;

-'klas ('second-,class 'fare)

(6) [rate ret [yet Jt jsang sasg [angry 'aeg-gn

far [watch watj",

wot/

(12) [jaw dga [gorge gards [go go

second-hand

seismologist

381

second-hand
'sekand'haend,

adv

adj,

see si |saw sa |seen sin

-ant-

unstressed often si

(si'hir!)

('second-jhand 'book)

secondhand w 'sekand^haend, -ant-

seed sid seeded 'sidid

secondly 'sekandli

seedtime 'sidjtaim

second-rate 'sekand'ret

seek sik sought sat

secret 'sikrit secrecy 'sikrasi

Seek-No-Further apple

j-ling -lig

'sikna^fy'Sa', 'signa-;

secretarial jsekra'terial, -'ter-

ES

secretariat jsekra'tenat,

ably

-jaet, -'ter- |-ate -it

lost

from

by

'sekajtsri

now

shows

rare,

first r

development of the proper

from the meaning of seek.

Seekonk 'sikagk, -kngk

The

{121).

2d pron., prob-

normal phonetic

the

dissimilation

secretary 'stkrajteri, 'sekajteri

is

-jfatJaCr, -jfa^tJaCr; TAe

name

secrete si'krit |-d -id |-tion -'kri/an

Seeley, Seelye

secretive si'kritiv j-tory -tan

seem sim [seemed simd [seemly

'sili

sectarian sek'terian, -'ter- |-ism -jizam

seep sip [seeped sipt [-age -ids

sectile 'sktil |-Uty sek'tilati

seer ^who sees'

section 'sekjan |-ed -d |-ing -/anig, -Jnig

seer 'prophet' sir;

sectional 'sekjanl

|-ly -i

sectionalize 'skXanljaiz

sector 'sekta^;

ES

seersucker

|-ism -jizam
|-s

-ta(r; |-ed

-iz |-d -d

seesaw

-d [-ing 'sektarig.

seethe

'sektrig

[-d

secular 'sekjala^;

ES

-^izam

-la(r; |-ism

ES 'si-a(r
ES sia(r, S+sa(r; |-ess -is
'sir^sAka^; ES -jSAka(r, S-i-'sa-

'si^sa
si's

'sia^;

[-sawed -jsad

[-d

-d or arch, sod sad;

sefari sa'fari

segment 'sgmant

secularization ,s8kjalara'ze/an, -ai'z-

segmental seg'mEntl

secularize 'sekjalajtaiz

|-s

-iz |-d

[-ed -id |-ary -man^teri

[-ly -i

segmentation jSEgman'teJan

-d

secund 'sikAnd

segregate adj 'sEgrigit, -^get

secure si'kjur, -'kiur;

-d

ES

-'kjua(r, -'kiu-;

segregate v 'sgrijget -d -id [-tive -rv

segregation jSEgri'geJan

|-rity -ati

Sedalia si'delia, -Ija

Seguin si'gin, 'sigin {Fr sa'g)

Sedan,

seiche sej {Fr sej)

s-

si'daen {_Fr sa'da)

sedate si'det

Seidl 'saidl, 'zaidl

sedative 'sedativ
sedentarily

ES+sod;

-d or arch, sodden 'sadn; ES-t-'sodn

secularity jsekja'laerati

|-d

'simli

seen sin

-an

sect sekt |-ary

dissociated

Seidlitz 'sedlits

'sedn^terali,

-ili,

esp.

if eniph.

seigneur sin'jy;
seignior 'sinja^;

jseden'tarily

|-'s

-iz

ES -'J3(r, -'jy; {Fr s'jioe:r)

ES 'sinja(r; [-age -ids |-y -i

sedentary 'sedn^tEri

seignorial sin'jorial, -'jar-; S -'jor-

sedge Sd3 sedges 'sedsiz |sedged sedsd

seine sen [seined

Sedgwick 'sedswik, 'sedsik

sedgy 'sedji

Seine sen {Fr s:n)

seise siz [seises 'siziz [seised sizd

sediment 'sedamant

seisin 'sizin

sedimental jSEda'mentl |-tary -tan

seism 'saizam, 'saisam

sedimentation jsedaman'te/an, -men-

seismic 'saizmik, 'sais-

sedition si'dijan |-tious -/as

seismogram 'saizmajgraem,

'sais-

Sedley 'sedli

seismograph 'saizmajgraef,

'sais-; E-i--jgraf,

Sedlitz 'sedlits

|-'s

-iz

seduce si'djus, -'dius, -'dus

|-s

-iz |-d -t

seismologist

'sidam

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytSa^;

jsaizma'ladsik,

-'lods-; l-al-1 [ally

sedulous 'sedsalas

[full

seismographic jsaizma'graefik, jsaisseismologic

sedulity si'djulati, -'diu-, -'du-

s-

[-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

-igraf

seduction si'dAkJan |-tive -tiv

Sedum,

send

-ji,

|-al -1

jsais-;

ES-i-

sais-;

ES-i-

-ikh

saiz'maladsist,

-'mnl-; |-gy -dsi

ES

'fs'Sa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

seismometer

ES -'mama-

seismometer saiz'mamatd', sais-;

t3(r,

Seljuk

382

-'mnm-

self-determination

jselfdi^ts-ma'nejan;

seize siz [seizes 'siziz

self-esteem jselfa'stim

seized sizd

self-evident 'selfevadant

seizin 'sizin

seizure hi^^;

ES

self-explanatory jSlfik'spliena,tori, -jtari; S

'si33(r

Sejanus si'dsenas

|-'s

-jtori

-iz

selah 'sib

self-expression jselfik'spre/an

Selden 'seldin, -don

self -governed

seldom 'seldam

self-government

mant; ES

selectivity S3,kk'tivati

NEngd

selectman sa'kktman |-men -man, in

salekt'maen,

'kktraaen,
(3)

si-,

-k'maen

si-,

'silekt^raaen,

-k^maen

\pl

-men, -man

(3)

-^men {L.A.)

ES

-'kkta(r

sa-

(2)

-man

-kmaen,

sl'ekt-,

si-,

selector sa'kkta^;

(2)

'sslfgAva^nd;

ES

-'gAvand;

|-ning -nig

select sa'kkt |-ed -id |-ive -iv j-ion -kjan

(1)

-'men

(1)

-'gAv^n-

'sElf'gAva^mant,

-va-, -van-

self-help 'self help

selfhood 'seKhud

self-importance

jselfim'partns ;

ES

-'paat-;

|tant -tnt

self-indulgence jSelfm'dAldsans [-ent -ant

self-interest 'selfintanst, -'intrist

Selene sa'llni [-na -na

selfish 'selfiX

selenite 'sela^nait

self-made 'self'med ('self-^made 'woman)

Selenite 'moon-dweller^ ^selajnait, sa'llnait

self-mastery

selenium

saUimam

'selfmsestan, -tn; E-i--'mas-,

-'masself-possessed /Selfpa'zest |-sedly -sidli

Seleucia sa'lu/ia, -'liu- |-n -n

Seleucid sa'lusid, -'liu- |-ae -sa^di |-an -an

self-possession jSElfpa'zEjan

Seleucus sa'lukas,

self-preservation jSElfpreza^'ve/an;

-'liu- |-'s -iz

ES

self self [self's selfs [selves selvz

self-realization jselfriala'ze'/an, -ai'z-

self-abasement jselfa'besmant

self -regard ^selfri'gard;

self-abnegation jselfaebm'gejan

seK-reUance jselfn'laians |-ant -ant

self-assertion jselfa'sy/an;

ES

-'ss/-, -'sy/-

self-assured jselfa'/urd;
self -centered,

-tred

ES

ES

-tad;

|-es -iz |-ed -t

Self ridge 'self rids

|-'s

-iz

self-righteous 'self rait/as

('self-jcentered 'hero)

self-command

self-reproach jSElfri'protJ"

-'ga:d, E-f--'ga:d

self-restraint jselfri'strent

-'/uad

'self senta^d ;

ES

-za-

self-respect jSElfri'spekt

self -assurance jselfa'/urans |-s -iz

ES + -'mand,

^selfka'maend;

-'mand

self-rising 'self raizig ('self-arising 'flour)

self-sacrifice 'self'saekrajfais, -jfaiz

self-complacence jsdfkam'plesns |-cy

-i

|-nt

[-s

-iz

selfsame 'self'sem ('self^same 'hour)

self-satisfaction jselfsaetis'faskjan

-nt
self-conceit jselfkan'sit |-ed -id

self-satisfied 'self saetis^faid

self -condemned

seK-seeker 'selfsika^;

jselfkan'demd |-nedly -mnidli

self-confidence 'self'kanfadans; ES-h-'kon-;

|-dent -dant

ES -'sika(r
ES -'s3v-, -'syv'self starts'
ES -'staitac, E +

self-service 'self sy vis;

self -starter

self-conscious 'sdf'kanjas; ES-F-'kon-

-'sta:t-

self -consistency jSElfkan'sistansi |-tent -tant

self-sufficiency jselfsa'fi/ansi |-ent -ant

self-contained jselfkan'tend |-nedly -nidli

self-sustaining ,selfsa'stenio

self-control jselfkan'trol |-led -d

self -declared ^selfdi'kkrd, -'klaerd;

ES

-'klaead;

self-taught 'self tat ('self-jtaught 'sage)

-'kkad.

self-will 'self wil |-ed -d

Seligman 'seligman

-redly -ridli

self-defense, Brit -nee jselfdi'fsns

Selim 'silim, sa'lim

self-denial jselfdi'naial, -'nail

Sehnsgrove 'silinz^grov

self-denying jselfdi'naiii)

Seljuk sel'dsuk |-ian -lan

Key:

ES

-jtsm-, -jtym-

See in full 3^7.

[bath baeO;

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr>' 'ieij-gri

far [watch watj,

wotj

(12) [jaw d3a [gorge gards [go go

Selkirk

ES

'selkyk;

-Jir, -JV;

ES

sell seI Isold

-kyk;

-kak,

-shire

semivowel 'sEmajvaual, -jvaul,

sold |-out n 'sEl^aut

ES

|-s -iz |-d

-'jiali,

ES

sempiternal jSEmpi'tynl;

semanteme sa'maentim
-ikh

|-ally -Ii,

ES

-jfar;

|-s

Sempronius SEm'pronias, -njas

-s

E+

-ifo3(r,

S + -'JEali

-'tsnl,

-'tynj;

-nati

|-ly -I |-nity

semaphore 'ssmajfor,

sempstress 'sEmpstris

|-'s

-iz

|-es -iz

sen sEn

-jfD3(r

semasiological sajmesia'ladsikl; ES+-'lDd3-;

ES+-'d1-;

saiinesi'abdsist;

-a^,

-nata^;

ES

-ta(r

send sEnd |sent SEnt

sendal 'sEndl

l-gy -d3i

semblable 'sembbbi |-bly

semblance 'sembbns

|-s

send-off 'sEndpf, -jof

-bli

-iz

Seneca 'sEnika

-ant -ant

Semele 'semajli

|-n

-n

Senegal jSEni'gal {Fr sene'gal)

semen 'siman |semina

semester sa'mEsta^;

Senegalese jSEniga'liz, -ga'Iiz

'sEinina

ES

-'mst3(r

semiannual jSEmi'aenjual

|-ly -i

semibreve 'sm3,briv

Senegambia ^SEna'gaembia

\-n

senescence sa'nEsns |-cy

|-scent -snt

-i

-n

seneschal 'sEna/al |-ed -d

semicentennial jSEmasEn'tEnial

ES

semicircle 'sEmajSykl;

senile 'sinail, -nil, -nl |-hty sa'nibti, si-

|-ly -i

-jsskl, -^sykj

semicircular jSEma'ss^kjab;

ES

-'sskjabCr,

senior 'sinja^;

ES

'sinjaCr

seniority sin'jarati, -'jar-, -'jor-

Senlac 'sEnlfek

-'sykJ3b(r

semicircumference

jSEmasa^'kAmfarans,

ES -sa'kAm-;

senna 'sEna
Sennacherib sa'naeka^rib

-iz

|-s

semicolon 'sEma^kobn

sennight 'ssnait, -nit

semiconscious jSEma'kan/as; ES+-'kDn-

semidarkness

senate 'sEnit |-tor

senatorial jSEna'torial, jSEni-, -'tar-; S -'tor-

-ikk

semasiologist

-frans;

ES

semiyearly jSEma'jirh;

-d

selves seIvz

semantic sa'maRntik

-il

semiweekly jSEma'wikli

'seltsaCr

selvage, -vedge 'sslvids

semitone 'sEmajton
semitropical jSEma'trapikl; ES+-'trDp-

-Ji3(r, -/aCr

Seltzer, s- 'seltsa^;

l-ly -I,

sententious

383

Selkirk

^sema'darknis;

ES

senor sen'jar;

-'da:k-.

E+-ida:k-

ES

-'jaa(r;

{Sp

se'jiar)

seiiora sen'jora, -'jara; S -'jora;

{Sp se'jior^)

senorita jsenja'rita {Sp ^sejio'rita)

semidetached jSEmadi'taetJ't

sensation SEn'seJan

semifinal jSEma'fainl ('semiifinal 'round)

sensationahsm SEn'seJanljizam, -Jnal-

semifluid jSEma'fluid, -'fliu-

'sEmajUar,

|-ally -li
j-ist

sense SEns senses 'sEnsiz [sensed SEnst

|

sense stress 'sEns^strES

jSEma'nor;

ES

-a:(r.

E+-a:(r

|-es -iz

sensibility ^SEnsa'bibti

sensible 'sEnsabl |-bly -bli

seminary 'sEmajneri
Seminole 'sEma^nol

sensitive 'sEnsativ |-tivity jSEnsa'tivati

sensitization jSEnsata'zeJan, -ai'z-

semiofficial /SEinia'fiJ'al |-ly -i

sensitize 'sEnsa^taiz

semiprofessional jSEmapra^ft/anl, -Jnal

semiquaver 'sEma^kweva';

ES

Semiramis sa'miramis

-iz

|-'s

|-ly -i

-jkweva(r

|-s

sensory 'sEnsari
sensual 'sEn/ual

|-ly -i

sensuality jSEn/u'sebti

semiskilled ySEma'skild

sensuahze 'sEi\fualjaiz

Semite 'sEmait,

sent SEnt

'si-

Semitic sa'mitik |-ticism -'mitajSizam

sentence 'sEntans

Semitism 'sEmajtizam, 'sima-

sententious SEn'tEnJas

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fytSa^;

ES

'fstfa

-iz |-d -d

sensorial SEn'sorial, -'sar-; S -'sor-

semirigid jSEma'ridsid

|full

-ISt

semimonthly jSEma'mAnOk
seminal 'sEmanl |-ly -i
seminar

|-al

|-s

|-ism -jizam

|-s

|-ist -ist

-iz |-d -d

-iz |-d -t

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em

tai

'kipip

sentience

384

serrate

sentience 'sen/ans, -/lans [-ent -ant

sequestrate si'kwestret

sentiment 'sentamant

sequestration si,kws'tre/an, jsikwes-

sentimental jSnta'mntl

|-ism -jizam

|-ly -i

sentimentality jsentamen'taelati, -mansentimentalize jSnta'mntljaiz

|-s

-iz

sequin 'sikwin

ES

sequitur 'sekwita^;

-d

|-c

|-d -id

'skwita(r

sequoia, S- tree si'kwaia, -'kwaja

sentinel 'sentanl |-ed -d

Sequoya

sentry 'sentri

seraglio si'raeljo, -'ral- {It ser'raXXo)

Senour

'sinja-;

ES

pers. 7tame si'kwoja, -'kwoia

Serajevo 'seraje^vo, jSEra'jevo

'sinja(r

Senusi, -nousi sa^nusi

serape seVapi {Sp se'rape)

Seoul se'ul, 'se-ul, sol

seraph 'seraf

sepal 'sipl |-ed -d

seraphic saV^fik, s-

separability ^separa'bilati, jsepra-

Serapis sa'repis

separable 'sEparabj, 'sepra- |-bly -bli

Serb syb;

separate adj, n 'seprit, 'separit

Serbo-Croatian

separate

v 'sepa^ret,

-pret |-d -id

-s |-im 'sera^fim

|-s

ES

|-'s

ssb, ss'b

ES

sere sir;
sere

separatist 'sEpa^retist

Sere Negroid 'sere

ES -/reta(r
ES -'fa:di;

ES

sia(r,

Heb grammar

S + S8a(r
'sere

Serena Chile se'rena; A?n ttame sa'rina

\pl - dim

-dim

serenade jsera'ned

\-d -id

serendipity ^seran'dipati

serene sa'rin |-nity sa'renati

sepia 'sipia

sepoy

-lan

-/lan;

'ssb-, 'ss'b-

separation jSEpa'reJan

Sephardi Heb si'fardi;

|-ia -la |-ian

'sybo-kro'efan,

separatism 'separajtizam, 'sepraseparator 'sepa^reta^;

j-al -I |-ally -li. -ikli

-iz

sereneness sa'rinnis

'sipai

ES

sepsis 'sepsis

serf syf;

sept sEpt

serge ss'ds;

ES

sergeancy,

-jean-

September sep'temW, sap-;

ES -Uemba

E + 'sa:d5-;

septenary 'septajneri
septennial sEp'tenial

ssf, syf;

j-dom -dam

ssds, syds;

|-s

-iz

ES

'sardsansi;

'

sa:d3-.

|-ant -ant

Sergeant, -jeant, -gent 'sardsant;

ES

'

sa:d3-,

septuagesima, S- jseptjua'dsesama ]-mal -m!

serif 'srif

Septuagint 'septua^dsmt, 'septjua-

seriocomic jSirio'kamik; ES-h-'kDm-;

l-al -1

[-ly -i

septentrional sep'tentrianj

E + 'sa:d5-

|-ly -i

septet, -tte sep'tet

serial 'sirial |-ly -i

septic 'sEptik

seriate adj 'siriit, -^et

|-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

septicemia, -caem- jsepta'simia

seriate v 'sirijCt |-d -id

septillion sep'tiljan

seriatim jSiri'etim, jseri-

septuagenarian jSEptJuadsa^nerian, -'ner

sericultural jSeri'kAltJaral

septuagenary jSEptJu'^dsajneri, Brit

sericulture 'serijkAltXa-;

-a' i3i-

nan

septum 'septam

|-ta -ta

-'tiu-, -'tju- 1-d -d |-ling -pkr), -plio

sepulcher, -chre 'seplka^;

sepulchral sa'pAlkral

sepulture 'sepltja",

sequel 'sikwal

|-a

ES

'sEpltJaCr; |-d -d

j-ly -i

sequester si'kwesta^;

ES

-'kwestarig, -trig

See in full 3-47.

-ta(r;

'sa:d3-,

|-ize -^aiz |-izes -^aiziz |-ized

E + -' sa:d3-;
-ed -d

-^aizd

serous 'siras

|-cy -i |-ent -ant

sequential si'kwenjal

ES

|-ant -ant

sermon 'syman; ES 'ssm-, 'sym-;

|-ly -i

ES

serious 'sirias

serjeancy 'sardsansi;

-ka(r; l-(e)d -d

si'kwila |-ae si'kwili

sequence 'sikwans

Ibath baeO;

-ik\\tf3{t

|-ally -li, -ikli

septuple n, adj, v 'septupl, -tjupl, stp'tupj.

Key:

ES

series 'siriz, 'siriz, 'siriz, 'siriz

serpentine,

S-

'sypan^tin, -jtain;

ES

'S3p-,

'syp-; |-d -d
[-ed -d

-ing
|

serrate adj 'sent, -et

serrate v 'seret |-d -id |-tion se're/an

bee bi |pity 'piti ( 6) [rate ret Ij^et jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far |\vatch watj, wot/ (12) Ijaw d3a |gorge gards |go go

serry

shadbush

385

serfy

hen

|-s

ES

Servia 'syvia;

severance 'sEvarans, 'sEvrans

ES

Severance 'sEvrans, 'sEvarans

'ssv-, 'syv-

ES

'ssv-, 'ss^v-;

ES

serviceability jsyvisa'bibti;

serviceable 's^visabl;

ES

\-s

-iz |-d -t

jssv-, jss^v-

'ssv-, 'ss^v-; |-bly

Severn 'sEva^n;

ES jssv-, ^syvservile 'syvl, -il; ES 'ssv-, 'syv-; |-ly -h, -i

servility sa^'vilati, ss'-; ES sa-, ss-, syServilius sa^'vilias, ss^-, -Ijas; ES sa-, ss-.
ES

servitor 'ss'vata^;

'ssv3t3(r, 'syv3t3(r

ES

servitude 'ss^va^tjud, -jtiud, -jtud;

'ssv-.

'syv-

US

-iz

Spain

sa'vil;

Sevres 'sEvra,

-va^z;

'sEva',

-vra, -va(r.

'siu-, 'su-

Sewall 'sjual, 'siu-, 'su-

Sewanee sa'wani, 'swam

Seward 'sjua^d, 'siu-, 'su-; ES -ad

sewer

'soa^;

ES

'sO'a(r

'servant,' 'drain' 'sjua^, 'siua^, 'sua^;

ES

-a(r; |-age -id5

sessile 'sesl, -il

session 'se/an |-ed -d

ES

sesterce 'sestys;

Sewickley sa'wikli

|-al -1 |-ally -li

-tss, -ts^s;

|-s

sewn son

-iz

sex seks sexes 'seksiz |sexed SEkst

sestet, -tte ses'tet ('ses^tet 'rimes)

Sestos 'sestas, -tas;

ES+-tDs;

|-'s

sexagenarian ^sEksadsa'nErian, -'ner-

-iz

sexagenary sEks'sedsa^nEri

set st |-back -jbask |-ting -ig

Setebos 'seta^bas, -bas; ES+-jbDs;

j-'s

-iz

Sexagesima ^sEksa'dsEsama [-mal -m}

sext SEkst

seOs

|Setli's

sextant 'sEkstant

'sitn, 'sitan

sextet, -tte SEks'tst

settee se'ti

ES

setter 'st3^;

sextile 'sEkstl, -til

's8ta(r

sextillion seks'tiljan

settle 'sell |-d -d |-ling 'setlig, 'sethg

sexton 'sEkstan

'stligz

sextuple n, adj, v 'sekstupl, -tjupl, sEks'tupj,

set-to 's8tjtu, -'tu

setup 'sEtjAp
loc.

-'tiu-, -'tju- |-d

-wa

'si/ajwe,

sextuplets

Sevastopol si'vaestapl, Russia + iSe\3shopl

seven 'sevan, 'sEvm

sevenfold

|-s

adv

adj,

'sevanz
'sevan'fold,

'sevm-

sevenpenny 'sEvan.pEni, 'sEvm'years) |-th -0 |-ths -Qs

seventh 'sEvanG

Sextus 'sEkstas

|-'s

sexual 'sEkJual

|-ly -i

-ma(r,

seventeen jsevan'tin, 'sevan'tin ('seven^teen

-d 1-ling -plig, -pjig

'sEkstu^plits,

-iz

-ma^;

ES

-moa(r.

E+-maa(r

Seyton

'sitn

shabby

'/aebi |shabbily '/aabli, -ili

|

shackle '/aekj

seventy 'sEvanti

Shackleton '/aekltan

-tiiG

|-tieths

-tiiGs

|-d

-d [-ling '/aeklig, -klig

shad /aed

1-fold -'fold

ES

|-ahty jSEk/u'aelati

-mar,

'simor,

seventh-day 'sEvanGide ('seventh-'day jman)

sever 'seva^;

SEks'tuplits,

shack /aek shacked /aekt

|-ths -Gs

|-tieth

-tju-,

-'tiu-, -'tju-

Seymour

('seven^fold 'loss)

'sEva(r; |-ed -d |-ing 'sEvarig,

ful Itooth tu9 ifurther

shadberry

'/aedibEri,

shadbush '/aedjbuf

'sEvrig
[full

ES

sesquipedalian jSEskwipa'delian, -Ijan

Seul Choix

{Sp

sew so sewed sod sewed sod or sewn son

Sewell 'sjual, 'siu-, 'su-

'seviI

-vaz; {Fr s:vr)

sewer 'who sews'

settlings

sa'vil,

Sevilla se'JJiXa)

sesame 'sesami

Seton

S + -'vEa(r

-'via(r, S-(--'vEa(r

sesquicentennial jSskwiSn'tnial, -njal

Seth seG

-iz

|-'s

'sEvan

|-'s

ES

Sevier sa'vir;

sewage 'sjuids,

-IZ

ES

Severus sa'viras
Seville

-bli

serviette jSS^vi'et;

|-'s

-'via(r,

-iz

|-s

severity sa'vErati

'ssv-, 'ss^v-; |-n -n

ES

ES

severe sa'vir;

ssv, syv; |-d -d

service, S- 'ss^vis;

sy-;

|-ly -i |-ty -ti

-z |-ra -ra

servant 'syvant;
serve ss^v;

several 'sEvral, 'sEvaral

'send

Iserried

serum 'siram

'fs^tfa^;

ES

'fstSa

-ban

|-es -iz

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kred} [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

shaddock

Shays

386

shaddock '/aedak
shade /ed [shaded 'Jedid |-dy

shadow Ifaedo, -a
shadowy 'Jaedawi

shamoy 'J'aemai= chamois

shampoo Jaem'pu |-pooed -'pud
shamrock, S- '/asmrak; ES+-rDk
Shandy '/aendi

-i

|-ed -d |-ing 'Jasdawig

Shadrach 'Jedraek
Shadwell '/aedwel, -wal

Shanghai

shaft /aft; E+Jaft, Jaft |-ed -id

Shaftesbury, Shafts-

shanghai

-ban;

'J"aefts,bEri,

E+

Ifafts-, 'Jafts-

shag/aeg |shagged Jaegd [shaggy

ES

shagbark '/aegjbark;

shagged adj

-^baik,

|-ed -d

ES

/a:?, /aeap.

E+Jeap, /a:?

E +J'ant, Jant

shantey, -ty ^chantey'

'Jaenti;

Shantung

'Jaen'tAg, '/an'dug

Shantung,

s- 'j^V^'

shanty

shah, S-Ja

Shairp /arp, Jerp, /aerp;

v '/aeohai, /aeg'hai |-ed -d

shank /aegk shanked Jaegkt

Shannon '/aenan
shan't /aent ;

'/aegi

E+-iba:k

'/aegid

shagreen /a'grin

'/aeo'hai ('Shangjhai 'rooster)

shanghai n '/aeghai

Shapley

|-d -t |-d -t or

-d

arch -n 'Japan

'/aepli

ES J"a:d, E+Jaid;
E JeaCr, ES
-^holda^; ES -da(r

shake Jek |shook/uk |shaken 'Jekan

shard /ard;

|-ed -id

shake-down '/ek^daun

share Jer, /aer;

JaeaCr;

ES

shaker, S- Ifeka^;

-holder

'JekaCr

Shakespeare '/ekjspir;

ES

-,spi3(r,

Shakespearean, -ian Jek'spinan

S + -jSp23(r

S + -'spr-

Shakespeareana, -iana jjekspiri'ena,

-'aena,

-'ana

shake-up '/ekjAp

shako

Shakopee

Shakspere,

shaky

-speare

ES

Ifekjspir;

-jspia(r,

ES

'/atp-, E-t^'Jaip-;

ES

|-r -3<-;

ES

ES

'/arpy/uta';

sharp-sighted '/arp'saitid;

-a(r

Ifael, i/ael; zzji;'.

sharp-witted

/al, Jl

'Ja:pjXuta(r,

shallop '/aelap

Shasta

shallott/a'lat; ES-f--UDt

shatter

shallow, S-

ITaelo, -a |-er '/aelawa';

|-est '/aelawist |-ed

shalt stressed

ES

-wa(r;

-d |-ing 'Jaslawig

Shalmaneser ^Jaelma'niza^;

ES

Ifaelt, yjaelt;

see

sharp

'/aesta
'/asta^;

ES

'/aeta(r; |-ed

-d

Shaughnessy 'Janasi
shave /ev |-d -d |-d -d or -n 'Jevan
Shavian 'Jevian

Shawanese ^Jawa'niz ('Shawa,nese

|-d

sharp

shaw, S- Ja

unstr S3\i, S\i

sham/aem shammed Jaemd

shaman '/aman, 'Jaem-, '/eshamble '/aembl

ES see
ES

shaveling '/evlig

-'mza(r

ES + -UDt

Shalott J"a 'lat;

'/arp'witid;

('sharp-jwitted 'sneer)

shalloon Ja'lun, /ae-

-d |-hng '/aembho,

-bjiij

'salad'

Shawangunk '/aggam, 'Jog-, '/agShawano Wis '/ano, '/awa^no

Shawinigan Ja'winagan

-z

shambhng w, aJ; Ifasmblig

shame Jem shamed /emd

shawl Jal shawled /aid

shamefaced Ifemjfest |-ly -li, /em'f esidh

shamef acedness Ifem^f estiiis, Jem'f esidnis

Shawnee Ja'ni ('Shaw^nee

shawneewood Ja'nijwud

Ifaenu

= chamois

Shamokin /a'mokin

Key; See

-iz

E + '/arp-

shale, S- J"el

shammy

|-'s

'/aipsbsg, '/a:ps-

E + '/a:ps-

byg,

sharpshooter

'/eki

shall stressed

|-s

-d -ing -panig, -pnig

Sharpsburg '/arpsbyg;

S+-jSpea(r

-d

|-ed

'/aekapi

|-d

shark /ark; ES/aik, E+Xa:k; |-ed -t

Sharon 'Jeran, 'Jaeran; S 'Jaeran, '/eran
sharp, S- /arp ; ES /a-.p, E +/a:p |-ed -t
sharpen '/arpan, -pm; ES 'Ja:p-, E+'/aip-;
Sharpies '/arpjz;

Ifaeko, '/eko

'/an-

fen'tAg

'shed'' '/aanti |-ied

shape Jep

E + 'Jan-,

|-less 'JaUis

'tribes)

shay /e
Shays /ez jShays's

'/eziz iShaj's'/ez

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg [angrj- 'aeg-gn
ba6 (10) |ah a [far far |watch watj, wotj (12) ]jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

in full 3-47.

Ibath baO;

shawm /am

shewbread

387

she
she stressed

'Ji,

Shekina/i'kaina

jji; unstr. /i

shea Ji

Shelburn, -e '/elba^n;

Shea /e

Shelby

11

'/elban

Shelden, -on '/eldan, -in

sheaf nS'yi [sheaf's /ifs [sheaves Jivz

sheaf

ES

'/elbi j-ville -jvd; S-h-vl

due

Jif sheafed Jift

double etym.

to

{OE

double pron. perh.

-dun, -denu)

shear /ir;

ES /i3(r,

S+jE3(r; |-ed -d or arch.

shore /or.Jar; ES/o3(r, E+/33(r; j-ed -d or

shorn /orn./arn; ES/oan,

E+Zaan

sheldrake '/el^drek j-duck -^dAk

shelf /elf [shelf's /elfs [shelves /elvz
shelf 2;/lf[ shelf ed/lft

sheard Jard; ESjaid, E+/a:d

shell /l [shelled /ld

shearman 'Jirman; ES

Ifia-,

she'll 'she will' stressed /il, Jil ; tmstr. /il, /il

-man
Shearman '/yman; ES

Ifsm-, '/a'm-

shearwater

-^wata',

Ifirjwat*,

S + '/ea-; |-men

-jwota';

ES

lfia-,-t3(r, S + 'Jea-

shellac,

-ack/aUaek

Shelley

/h

/elian

[-an, -eian

ES

shellfire /El^fair;

shellfish lflifi/

[-'s

-jfaiaCr

-iz

sheath/iG [sheath's JiOs sheaths JiSz

shell-less '/eUis

sheathe /i (5 [sheathed /iSd

shellproof '/El'pruf ('shell-proof 'shelter)

sheathing

shelly

'JiSiij, '/ieig

sheave /iv [sheaved Jivd

Sheba

'/i'ber, -'bier;

-'bEa(r,

ES

-'baea(r

'shelter'

shed

'cast

-ta(r; [-ed

she'd ahhr. spelling of she had, she would,

shenanigan /a 'naena^gaen, -gan

she-devil 'Ji'devl ('she-jdevil 'mood)

Shenstone

Shee Ji

Sheol, s- '/iol
[-ed

sheep /ip

[-ed -t

-d

'/finstan, -^ston

Shepard, Shepp-, -pherd '/pd;

ES

shepherd '/epa^d;

sheepcot /ipjkat; ES+'^kot; |-cote -jkot

see

sheepfold /ip^fold

Sherborne,

sheepherder /ip^hs'da";

ES

-^IisdaCr, -^hydaCr

ES

'/aban.

ES '/s-, '/y/yd ES /a:d, /sd, /yd, E -f/a:d

Sherbrook '/s^bruk;
sherd /ard,

sheepshank /ip//aeok
sheepshead /ips^hed

Sheridan '/firadn

sheepshearing '/ipjirig; S+-j/eni)

sheriff '/erif

sheepshed Ifipi/ed
sheepskin /ip^skin

Sherlock '/ylak;

sherif, -reef /a'rif

ES

'/slak, '/y-, -'Ink

Sherman '/yman; ES '/sm-, '/ym-

sheer /ir; ES/ia(r, S-i-/a(r; |-ed -d

Ifia-,

Sherrill '/Eral

S -'/ea-

sherry '/En

Sheerness/ir'nEs; ES/ia-, S-i-/a-;

|-'s

-iz

Sherwood '/ywud; ES
she's

'/itid

'5^e

i^,'

'she

Sheffield '/efild

unstr. fix, fiz

she-goat /i'got

Shetland '/Etland

-kh/ik,5n7/ek

'/a-, '/y-

has,'

stressed

shew/o shewed /od [shewn/on

shekel /ski

shewbread '/ojbrEd

ful [tooth tu9 [further 'fySa^;

'/iz,

Jiz;

Shetucket/i'tAkit

Sheila /ila

[full

ES

'/yba^n;

'/yban

sheepman /ip^maen, -man [-men -^mn, -man

sheet /it [sheeted

'/epad

'/sb-, '/a^b-

-burn(e)

sheephook Ifipihuk

ES

ES

'/pad; j-ed -id |-ess -is

Sheraton /ratn
sherbet '/ybit;

cote

sheerness '/irnis;

[shelved /elvd

|-ite -ait

shend/nd [-shent/nt

stressed '/id, jjid ; unstr. /id, Jid

sheik,

-d |-ing '/dtarig.

Shenandoah //finan'doa
Shenango /a'naeogo

S^A [shedded 'Jedid

/ed

off

sheen /in

/dvz

shelve /eIv [shelves

Shem/m

Sheboygan Ji'baigan
shed

ES

Ifeltrio

'Jiba

she-bear

'/eIi

shelter '/dta^;

ES

'fatJa

of

shewed /od

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep 'em 'kipm

Shewmake
Shewmake

shoplifter

388
shipmate '/ip^met

Ifuimek, Ifiu-

she-wolf '/i'wulf |-lves -Ivz

shippable '/ipabi

Sheyenne/ai'en
Shiah '/ia
Shiawassee jJaiaVasi

Shippen '/ipan [-sburg -z^byg;

shipshape '/ipi/ep

shibboleth '/ibahe |-ths -Gs

shipwreck '/ip/rk [-wrecked -jrekt

Shickshinny

shipwright

'/ikjjini

ES

shipyard '/ipjard;

Shieljil

Shiras '/airas

[-'s

Shiraz/i'raz,

'/iraez |-'s -iz

shield Jild Ishielded Ifildid

ES

-shire -/ir, -/a-;

shif t /if t [shifted Ififtid

shirk /yk;

Shih/i

Shirley '/yli;

ES

-ll

|-ed -t

'/a-, '/s^-

|-ed -d [-tail -,tel

ES

'/at-, '/yt-

shitta '/ita

'Jilig
'/ilij/ieli j-ied

shittim '/itim [-wood -^wud

-d

Shiva

shily '/aili

shivaree j/iva'ri

shimj"im shimmed /imd

shimmer /ima^; ES

[-ed

-d

l-ing

-jizam

jee charivari [-d -d

shiver

'/iva^;

ES

'/iva(r;

-vng.

[-ed -d [ing

-varig

shivery

Ifimi |-ied -d

S-/in [shinned /ind

Shinar 'Jainar, -na^;

'/iva, '/iva [-ism

shive/aiv [shived/aivd

'/imaCr;

Ifimarig, '/imno

shin,

-/i3(r, -/aCr

shirtwaist '/yt^west;

Shilo, Shiloh '/ailo

shimmy

ES

ES/3k,/yk;

ES/3t,/yt;

shirt /a-t;

shillelagh, -lah, -ly, shillalah, -la, S-Jalel 3,

shilly-shally

E + -ja:d

shirr/y; ES/3(r,/y; |-ed -d

|-itic Ji'itik

Shikoku Ji'koku
shining, S-

-jjaid,

-iz

ES/ai3(r

shire /air;

'/ai^aCr

shies faiz

Shiite Jiait

-z^bag.

'/ip^rait

shied /aid

shier Ifaia';

ES

-Z>3^g

ES

'/ivri,

'/ivan

shoal /ol [shoaled /old

shoat /ot

-na:(r. -nafr

shock /ak; ES+/Dk; |-ed

shindig Ifindig [shindy '/indi

shinejain shone /on, Briifim, or

a;-c/z.

(except

in sense 'polish') shined /aind

-t

shockheaded '/ak'hedid; ES+'/ok-; ('shockjheaded 'boy)

ES+/Dd

shingle 'Jigg! |-d -d j-ling 'JiOgliO. -gjiO

shod /ad;

shingly '/logli

shoddy '/adi; ES + '/odi

shoe/u,/iu (5^. shew 16-l7cc.) [-horn -jhorn;

shinny

'/ini |-ied

shinplaster

-d

'/uiiplaesta^;

ES

^plaest3(r.

E+

ES

-jhaan;

[-maker

-jplas-, -iplas-

Shinto '/into [-ism -^izam

shoer

ship/ip [shipped /ipt

Shogun

noun ending, unstressed -/ p or

half-stressed -;/ip. Words in -ship are often
omitted from the vocab. when their pron. is

-ship abstract

obvious.

[-laces

-^mekair;

-jlesiz

[-string

'/ua^, '/lua^;

ES

'/u-a(r, '/lu-

'/ojgAn, -jgun [-ate

-it,

-gAn^et, -gun-

shone /on, Brit fon

shoo/u

[-ed -d

shook past of shake /uk

shook n, /uk [shooked/ukt
11

shipboard

'/ip,bord,

-^bord;

ES

-^boad,

E+'ibaad

ES

-jmas-, -jinas-

ES

|a;T/i!.

pptc

-t [-girl

-igyl;

ES see

girl
-

jmaest3(r.

E+

shopkeeper

ES -,kipa(r, '/opES -jhfta(r, '/op-

'/ap^kipa^;

shoplifter '/apjhfta^;

3-47. bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet Jt [sang saeg |angr\^ 'aeg-gri
baO (10) [ah a [far far [watch wat/, wot/ (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

iti ficll

ES+/Dt;

ES + '/otn

shop/ap; ES+/dp; [-ped

shipman '/ipman [-men -man

shipmaster '/ip^maesta^

[shot /at;

shotten '/atn;

-jbildaCr

shipload '/ip^lod

[bath baeO;

shoon /un
shoot /ut

shipbuilder '/ip^bilda^;

See

-jles

ES

-iStrig

shihy '/aim

Key:

[-lace

-^meka^;

shrink

389

shopwalker

ES

shopwalker IfapjWoka';

shopwindow Ifap'wmdo,

shoulder

-jwakaCr, '/op-

ES +

-jWin-, -da;

ES

'/olda^;

'/olda(r;

|-ed

-d

|-ing

-dang, -drig
shouldest '/udist

Ifop-

shopwoman IfapjWuman,

ES + lfop-;

-^wu-;

shouldn't

^should

'/udant

-men -jWimin, -an

shopworn 'JapiWorn,

The

'/udnt

not'

pron.

in general use.

is not

shore /or. Jar;

|-ward -wa^d;

Shorey

ES

-jworn;

-^woan,

E + -jW33n

'/np-,

Ifon,

shout /aut [shouted '/autid

ES /oaCr,
ES -wad

E+/33(r;

-d

|-d

shorn /cm, /arn; ES/oan,

E+Jaan

/ov

Jw

shoved /avd

shovelboard '/Avljbord, -^bard;

ES

-'log;

'Jartn'laij,

Ifaat-,

ES

shortcake Ifart^kek;

ES

showboat

Ifaat-

ES

short-breathed lfart'br8et;

ES

;J"aat-;

|-s

-iz

showdown

ES

j/aat'ssk-, Jost-

shortcoming '/artjkAmig, -'kAm-

ES

short-eared Ifart'ird;

S+-'ead;

Ifaat'iad,

ES

showman '/oman |-men -man

Ifaatn; |-ed -d |-ing -tnig,

'/arta^;

ES

'J'aata(r;

Ga

college

ES

Ifaat-; |-ed -id

shorthanded 'Jart'haendid;
jhanded 'job)

ES

'Jaat-; ('short-

a misapprehensio?i, now ac-

cepted in England.

shortsighted '/art'saitid ;

|-ship -i/ip

'/o^rum, -^rum

shrdlu/a^d'lu; ES/ad'Iu; cf etaoin

shred /red |shred/rd or shredded '/redid

'/art'skytid ;

'Jaat'skst-,

ES

'Jart'tempa^d;

shrew /ru,/riu,

Shrewsbury

-ipoat,

Mass

arc/z.

/rod

|-ly

-h

'/ruz^beri, '/riuz-, '/roz-, -ban,

/oc.

+ '/luzbari,

the first r being lost

shriek /rik shrieked /rikt

|

'/aat-

'/rivlti

shrift /nf t

shrike /raik |-d

ES

ES

arch, /ro {thus in Shak.)

shrewd /rud, /nud,

shrievalty

'tempad
short-winded '/art'wmdid;

-ipart;

by dissimilation {121)

'/aat-

ES

'/riv^port,

E-f--jpaat

in

ES

'Jaat'skyt-; ('short-^skirted 'coat)

short-tempered

|-y

shrank /raegk

Shreveport

ES 'Jaatjhaan
Shorthouse '/art^haus; ES 'Jaat-; |-'s -iz
short-lived 'Jart'iaivd ES 'Jaat-;
The pron.
shorthorn 'Jart^harn;

short-skirted

'/au-aCr,

shrapnel '/raepnal |-ed -d

-ta(r

shorthand '/art^haend;

is

ES

show-off '/opf, -jDf

showroom

'Jart'livd

'/o'a(r

/aur;

shown /on

-tiiig

ES

ES

'/oa^;

'/aua^,

'raifi'

'/aun, '/auari

-z

|-s

('short-jeared 'owl)

Shorter C. K.

-iz

/aua(r; |-ed -d |-ing '/aurig, '/auarig

's3^k-; |-ed -id

shorten '/artn;

shower

-ed/od

'/o^daun

shower 'who shows'

l-d-d
short-circuit j/art'sykit;

or

'/ojbot

showbread '/Oibred
showcase '/o,kes |-s

Ifaat-

Ifaat-

shortchange ^Jart'tjends;

-jboad,

shovelful '/Avljful |-fuls -jfulz

show/o |-ed/od |-n/on

S + -'lai)

shortbread lfartjbr2d;

ES

E-H-jbaad

short /art; ES/aat; |-ed -id |-age -ids

Ifauta^;

shive'

shove 'push'

shove

shovel '/avI |-ed -d |-ing '/Avlig, '/Avlig

'Jan; S Ifori

short-and-long

shouldst stressed '/udst, ^/udst; unstr.j^Asi

shrill /ril

'/aat-

Shoshone /o'/oiu |-nian -man |-nean -man,

-t

shrilled /rild

shrilly adj '/rih, adv

'/rilli

shrimp /rimp [shrimped /nmpt

Joja'nian

/ram

shot Jat; ES-f-Jot; |-ted -id |-gun -jgAn

shrine

shote Jot

Shriner '/raina^;

shotten '/atn; ES-t-'/otn

shrink /rigk |shrank /raegk or shrunk /rAgk

Shottery '/atari; ES-h 'Jot.

ful [tooth tuO [further

shrined /raind |-nal

ES

-1

'/raina(r

[shrunk /rAgk or shrunken '/rAgkan |-able

should stressed '/ud, //ud; Mw^ir /ad, /d, /t

|full

'fa^tSa^;

ES

'fstJa

-abl |-age -ids

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'Idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

390

shrive
shrive Jraiv

shrived /raivd or shrove Jrov

Sicinius si'sinias, -njas

[shriven 'Jrivan or shrived Jraivd

shrivel Ifrivl |-ed -d [-ing

Shropshire

Jfrap/ir,

-vho

'Jrivliij,

ES

-Ja^;

[-'s

-iz

sick sik [sicked sikt [-bed -jbed

sick-abed adj 'sika'bed, n 'sika^bed

-/3(r,

-JiaCr,

sicken 'sikan [-ed -d [-ing 'siknig, -kanig

sickle 'sikl [sickled 'sikld

'Jrop-

shroud/raud [shrouded '/raudid

Sickles 'siklz

shrove, S-Jrov [Shrovetide 'Jrovjtaid

sickly 'sikh

shrub /rAb [shrubbed /rAbd [-bery -an. -n

sic

shrug JrAg [shrugged JrAgd

shrunk /rAgk

[-en

-an

siddur 'sidur;

[-mg

'sik'traensit'glona-

-^bard;

ES

-iz

[-'s

ES

-dua(r

side said [sided 'saidid

sideboard

-jbard;

'said^bord,

ES

-^ boad,

E+-ibaad

sideburns 'said^bynz;
sidecar 'said^kar;

ES

ES

-^bsnz, -^bynz

-/ka:(r,

E+-jka:(r

sidehill 'said'hil ('side^hill 'grove)

'/lu-

shun/An [shunned J"And

sidehng 'moving aside' 'saidlig, -dlig

shunt /Ant [shunted 'jAntid

sideling 'sideways' 'saidhg

shush /aJ, J":

sidelong 'said^lag, -jlog; S + -jlag

[-ed -t

shut /At [-down -;daun [shut-in IfAt^m

shutter IfAta^;

ES

lfAta(r; |-ed

sideral 'sidaral

-d

sidereal sai'dinal [-ly -i

shuttle IfAtl l-d -d [-Ung /Atlig, /Atlig

shuttlecock 'jAtjjkak; ES+'ikok; |-ed

sidesaddle 'said^saedl
-t

sideslip 'said^skp |-ped -t

shy/ai [shied /aid

sidesplitting 'said,spbtig

Shy lock /ailak; ES-tInk

side-step 'said^step |-ped -t

shyly /aih

sideswipe 'saidjswaip

ES

shyster /aista^;
si

mus{c

-sia

|-

sidetrack 'said^traek |-ed

IfaistaCr

var 'ously

-/a, -/la, -/ja, -3a, -51a, -333.

sideward 'saidwa^d;

ES -wad;

-sia, -sja, -zia, -zja.

Besides the pron. given

Sidgwick 'sidswik, 'sidsik

be understood that one

siding 'saidig

more of

it is to

the other variants are often heard.

Siam sai'aem, 'saiaem

Siasconset

[-s

-iz [-d

sidle 'saidl [-d -d [-ling 'saidlig, 'saidhg

jsaia'skansit;

sidling 'sideways' 'saidkg

Sidney 'sidni

-d

ES+-'skDn-

loc.

'skonsit, 'skan-

Sidon 'saidn [-donian sai'donian

siecle

Fr

sjekl

siege sids [sieges 'sidsiz [sieged sidsd

sib sib

Siegfried 'sigfrid {Ger 'zi:kfri:t)

sibboleth 'sibakG [-ths -Bs

Sibelius si'belias, -'bi-

[-'s

Siena si'ena {It 'sjetna)

-iz

Sienkiewicz/en'kjevit/

Siberia sai'bina, sa- [-n -n

sibilance 'siblans [-cy

-i

sierra si'era, 'sira

Sibylla, -ilia, s- si'bila

Sierra

Leone

sic sik [sicked sikt

Sierra

Nevada

SiciHa si'silia, -Ija [-n -n

siesta si'esta

Sicily 'sish, -ih

sieve siv [sieved sivd

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeG:

bee bi [pity

baG (10) lah a

[far

|-'s

-iz

sienna si'ena

|-ant -ant

sibyl, S- 'sibl, -il [line 'sibljin, -in

Key:

-z

sidling 'moving aside' 'saidlig, 'saidlig

Siamese jsaia'miz ('Sia^mese 'pheasant)

v jsaia'miz

[-s

sideways 'saidjwez [-wise -jwaiz

in the vocab.

Siamese

-t

-t

sidewalk 'saidjwak

si

unstressed ending (magnesia)

pronounced

or

-^boad,

E + -jbaad

shuffle 'JaII l-d -d [-Ung IfAflig, -flig

Shuhite '/uhait,

mundi

transit gloria

Siddons 'sidnz

'jAfljbord,

-xz

'mAndai, -'gbr-; S -'glor-

shuck /aR [shucked jAkt

shudder IfAda^; ES IfAdaCr; [-ed -d
'/Adarig, IfAdrig [-y -dan, -dn
shuffleboard

|-'s

'piti

si'erab'oni, 'sirab'on

si'erana'vaeda, 'sira-, -'vada

(6) [rate ret [yet jtt [sang seg |angr\' 'aeg-gn

far [watch wat/,

wot/

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

simon-pure

391

S levers
ES

Sievers 'ziva^z, 'siv-;

-vaz;

[-'s

{Ger

-iz

silicic sa^iisik

silicon 'silikan

'ziifars, -vars)
sift sift [sifted 'siftid |-age

SiHus

sigh sai [sighed said

sight salt [sighted 'saitid

[-ly

'silias

silk silk

-h

-iz

[-'s

silked silkt

silken 'silkan |-ed -d

sight-seeing 'saitjsiig

ES

sight-seer 'sait^sia^;

ES -jwsm, -jwym

silkworm 'silkjW3^m;

-isi'3(r

sill,

sigil 'sidsal, -il

S- sil [silled sild

sillabub,

-a

sigillum si'dsilam

[-la

Sigismond, -und

'sidsismand,

{Ger

'sigis-

'sibjbAb,

silli-

'sili-

silly 'sill [-iness -nis

silo 'sailo [siloed 'sailod

'zi:giSjmunt)

sigma 'sigma [-moid -maid

Siloam sai'loam, sa-, -'lom

sigmoidal sig'maidl

silt silt [silted 'siltid

sign sain [signed

[-ly -i

samd

Silurian sa'lurian, -'hur-, sai-

signal 'signl [-ed -d |-ly

signahze 'signa^laiz

signahnan

ES+-'kDt-

silicosis jSili'kosis [-cotic -'katik;

-ids

[-s

silva 'silva [silvan 'silvan

-i

Silvanus sil'venas

-d

-iz [-d

-man j-men

'signljinaen,

-^

niEn,

-man

silver

-iz

[-'s

ES

'silva^;

-d

[-ed

'silva(r;

signatory 'signaitori,

-jtari;

signboard 'sain^bord,

'silva-; j-d -id

silversmith 'silva^jSmiO;

ES

'silva-

silverware 'silva^jwer, -jWjer;

-ibaad

ES

signet 'sigmt j-ed -id

significance sig'mfakans |-cy

-i |-ant

-ant

'silva^weaCr,

-jwaea(r

ES

Silvester sil'vesta^;

-'vsta(r

signification sigjnifa'kejan, jSignifa-

Silvia 'silvia

significative sig'mfajketiv

silvicultural jSilvi'kAltJaral j-ly -i

silviculture 'silvi/kAltJa^;

signify 'signa^fai [-fied -jfaid

ES

signor, S- 'sinjor, -jar;

-joaCr, E-t--jaa(r;

Silvius 'silvias

[-'s

ES

-jkAltJair

-iz

signora sin'jora (It siji'jio:ra)

Simcoe 'simko
Simcox 'simkaks, 'simp-; ES-f-koks;

signore sin'jore {It siji'jio:re)

Simeon 'simian

signorina jsinja'rina {It jSijijio'rima)

simian 'simian

signory 'sinjari

similar 'simala^;

signpost 'sain^post

similarity jSima'laerati

{It siji'jior)

Sigourney

ES

'siga'ni;

Sigurd 'siga^d;

ES

simile 'simajli,

'sigani

'sigad; {Ger 'zi:gurt , Ice

ES

j-'s

'simala(r

-li

'sima^;

ES

'sima(r;

-d

[-ed

Silas 'sailas

|-s

Simms simz

-iz

j-s

Silenus saiUinas

-iz

Simois 'simo'is, 'simawis

-iz |-d -t [-ent -ant

j-'s

|-'s

simnel, S- 'simnal

-iz

[-'s

silence 'sailans

simoleon sa'molian

-iz

Simon 'saiman

Silesia sai'li/ia, sa-, -/a |-n -n

'saikks

simoniac sa'monijsek

silhouette, S-' ^silu'et, jSila'wt |-d -id

simoniacal jsaima'naiaki, jSim-

silica 'silika

Simonides sai'mana^diz, -'mnn-

[-'s

Simoniz 'saiman^aiz

-d

'silikit, -jket

ful jtooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa';

[-ly -i, -ikli

[-es -iz [-ed

simon-pure 'saiman'pjur, -'piur;

silicate v 'sili^ket [-d -id

[full

|-ing

'simarig, 'simrig

silage 'sailids

-iz

similitude sa'milajtjud, -jtiud, -^tud

simmer

-iz

Sikh sik

silicate

[-'s

Simla 'simla

'sigurcJur)

Sikes saiks

ES

silver-plate 'plate with silver' 'silva^'plet;

-jtori

ES -1/3(1; -d-d
-jbard; ES -jboad E+

signature 'signatJV, 'signi-;

silex

|-ing

'silvano, 'silvng

ES

'fscSa

ES

-iz

-a(r

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish diX [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


simony

singer 'who singes' 'sindsa'-;

simony ^saimani, 'simsimoom si 'mum, sai- |-moon -'mun

simp simp
Simpcox 'simpkaks; ES + -kDks; |-'s
simper

'simpa--;

ES

'simp3(r;

simple, S- 'simpl

ES

-pla^;

ES

'sindsaCr

singh, S- sigg

Singhalese jSigga'liz

-d

|-ed

-iz

|-'s

single 'siggl |-d -d |-ling 'sigglig, -glig

-iz
|-ing

singlehanded 'siggl'haendid
singlehearted 'siggl'hartid;

'simparig, 'simprig

|-r

sirrah

392

-d -d |-ling 'simphg, -pliQ

ES

singlestick 'siggljStik

-plaCr; |-st -plist

simple-minded 'simpl'maindid

singlet 'sigglit

simpleton 'simpltan [-tonian jsimpl'tonian

Singleton,

simplex 'simpkks

singletree 'siggl^tri, -tn

|-es -iz |-ed -t

'siggltan

s-

singly 'siggli

simplicity sim'plis3ti
simplification jsimpbfa'kejan

Sing Sing 'sig^sig

simplify 'simpla^fai

singsong 'sig^sag, -/Sog; S+-jSag

|-fied -jfaid

ES

Simplon 'simplan, -plon

singular 'siggjals;

simply 'simpli

singularity jSiggja'laerati

Simpson, Simson 'simpsn, 'simsn

Sinhalese jSmha'liz

Sims simz

sinister 'sinista--;

-iz

|-'s

ES

simulacre 'simjajeka^;

simulacrum jSimja'lekram
simulate adj 'simjalit,

[-'s

ES

-iz

'sinista(r; ]-tral -tral

sink sigk [sank saegk or sunk sAgk |sunk SAgk

-Jekafr
|-cra

-la(r

sinkhole 'sigk^hol

-kra

ES

sinner 'sina^;

-^let

'sina(r

simulate 'simjajet -d -id |-tion jSimjaUeJan

Sinn Fein 'Jin'fen |-ism -izam

simultaneity jsaimjta'niati, jSiml-

Sino-Japanese jsainojdsaepa'niz, ,sino-

simultaneous jsaiml'temas, ^simj-, -njas

Sinology sai'naladsi,

sin sin [sinned sind

Sinon 'sainan

-ful -fal |-fully -fall

ES

si-;

ES + -'nDl-

'sint3(r; |-ed -d

Sinai 'sainai, 'sainijai

sinter 'sinta^;

Sinaitic jsaim'itik |-us -as

sinuate adj 'sinjuit, -,et

Sinbad 'sinbaed

sinuate

since sins

sinuosity jSinju'asati; ES-i--'ds-

sincere sin'sir, sn-;

ES

-'si3(r,

S+-'sE3(r

'sigkla'

Sinclair

ES

name

Brit
;

-klE3(r,

'sigkler,

ES

v 'sinju^et |-d -id

sinuous 'sinjuas
sinus 'sainas

sincerity sin'serati, snSinclair

'sin-,

-klaer.

-klae3(r, 'sigkl3(r

Am name sin'kler, -'klaer; E

-'kkad.

|-es -iz

Sion 'Zion' 'saian

-sion unstressed eliding -/an,
-J"n is less

common

Sioux su

sine math, sain

sip sip sipped sipt

ES

-3(r;

\pl

sine die 'saini'dai-i

|-al

iinstr. S3^;

qua non 'sainikwe'nan, -'non

jsy;

ES

sinewy 'sinjawi, 'sinawi

siren 'sairan

sang saeg or sung SAg sung sAg

Singapore 'siggajpor, 'siga-, -ipar;

ES

-;poa(r.

acd + jSinga'pore

singe sinds singes 'sindsiz |singed sindsd

singer 'who smgs' 'siga^;

See in fidl 3^7.

ES

ES

'siga(r

ES

's3(r, 's3", iS3(r, jsy;

sa(r

sirdar, S- sa^'dar;
sire sair;

Eng-

-fanl

sinew 'sinju, 'siniu, 'sinu

ibath baeG;

in

Sioux su, suz |Siouan 'suan

sir stressed 'sy,

|-rist -ist

Key:

The pron.

siphon 'saifan, -fan, -fnn |-ed -d |-age -fanid3

sinecure 'sami,kjur, 'sim-, -^kiur;

E-|--jp33(r;

-J"n

America than

sine ^without' 'sami

sing sig

in

land.

-'klae3(r

Sindbad 'sinbaed

sine

E-h

-'ha:t-,

-'ha:t-

ES

sa'da:(r, E+-'da:(r

saia(r; |-d -d

sirenic sai'renik |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

Sirius 'sirias

|-'s

sirloin 'ss^bin;

-iz

ES

's3-, 'sy-

sirocco sa'rako; ES-h-'roko

sirrah 'sira

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr>'^ 'aeg-gri
bae (10) |ah a |far far |watch wat/, wotj (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards |go go

393

sirup
sirup 'sirap, 's^ap;

'sirap, 'ssrap, 'syap;

pron. 'serap, found also occasionally in

E, is a normal traditional Jorm.

b'

sixth siksd sixths siksGs, siks:

I

The

'sirap, 'syap, 'serap

S 'ssrap, 'sArap,

skillful

Cf

Syracuse, Miriam,

Sixtus 'sikstas

|-'s

-iz

sixty 'siksti |-ieth -iG |-ieths -iGs |-fold -'fold

(

'sixty jf old 'gain)

sizable 'saizabl |-bly -bli

ES

sisal 'saisj, 'sisl

sizar, -er 'saiza^;

Sisam 'saisam

size saiz

Sisera 'sisara

sizeable 'saizabj |-bly -bli

sissify 'sisijfai |-fied -^faid |sissy 'sisi

sizzle 'sizl |-d

Sisson 'sisn

Skager Rack, -er-Rak, -errak

sister

'sista^;

ES

-d

[-ed

-ta(r;

|-ing

-trig,

-d

jskaga^'r^ek;

sized saizd

|-ling 'sizlig, 'sizhg

ES

ES

'sis-

sisters-in-law

ES

'sista'znja;

'sista^ziiijla,

'sistaziiijb, 'sistaznja

skat

j-phean jSisa'fian

-iz

si'daun

is

less frequent,

keeps the

the

Sat

pronunciation.

conversational

site salt

older form Skeneateles jskini-.

skaet |skatted 'skaetid

'scat'

skate sket [skated 'sketid

si'daun, sit'daun

down, being

Skeat skit
skedaddle ski'daedl
skee

sound.

|-d

-d

[-ling -dlig, -djig

ski

'ski'

skeesicks, -zix 'skiziks, -zaks

sited ^saitid

sith siO

skeet skit

Sitka 'sitka

skein sken skeined skend

sitology sai^taladsi; ES-t--'tDl-

skeleton 'skelatn |-ed -d

sitting 'sitig

skeletonize 'skElatn,aiz

-iz

|-'s

Sittingbourne 'sitig^born, -^barn;

ES

-jboan,

j-tal -tl

|-s

-iz |-d -d

skelp skelp |skelped skslpt

Skelton 'skltn

E-(--ibaan
situate adj 'sit/uit, -^et

skeptic 'skeptik

situate v 'sitju^et |-d -id

skepticism 'skeptajSizam

situation jsit/u'ejan, jSitJaVeJan

skerry 'skeri

situs ^saitas

sketch sketj

Sitwell 'sitwal, -wel

skew skju, skiu

Siva 'siva, 'Jiva, -iva |-ism

'sju^^d, 'siu-, 'su-;

siwash, S- 'saiwaj, -wa/,

six siks

jskini'aetlss

loc.

pron. apparently comes

loc.

skat game skat

sate set, saet |sat saet

sit-down 'sitjdaun

usual

jskaeni'aetlas,

The

-IZ

from an

j-'s

sit sit |sat saet, arch,

down

Skaneateles
|-'s

Sistine 'sistin, -tin

Sisj^hus 'sisafas

Skagway 'skaegwe
skald skald, skald

tarin^la, 'sistan,b

Siward

'skaega^^r^ek,

-ga-

Skagit 'skaegit

-tang
sister-in-law 'sistarinja, 'sista^n^b;

sit

'saiza(r

sizes 'saiziz

-jzam

ES

-wdJ

|-al -j |-ally -Ii, -ikli

|-es -iz |-ed -t

ski ski skis skiz

j-book -^buk

|-ed -d |-er -a^;

|

ES

skiagram

-ad
|-es -iz |-ed -t

-a(r

skied skid {Norw,

'skaiajgraem

|-graph

Sw S'l)

-^graef;

E+

-igraf, -tgral

skiagraphy skai'aegrafi

sixes 'siksiz
I

sixes

and sevens 'siksizn'svanz

skid skid |skidded 'skidid

sixfold adj, adv 'siks'fold ('sixjfold 'loss)

Skiddaw

sixpence 'sikspans

skier 'who skis' 'skia^;

|-s

-iz

sixpenny 'siks^pEni, -pani

sixscore

'siks'skor,

-'skoa(r,

'sik'sk-,

E + -'skaa(r;

skier 'skyer' 'skaia^;

-'skar;

ES

('sixjscore 'years)

six-shooter 'siks'/uta^, 'sikj'/-;

'skida

ES

-'/utaCr

ES 'ski-a(r
ES 'skai'a(r

skies skaiz
skiff skif Iskiffed skift

skiing 'skiig

sixteen siks'tin, 'siks'tin ('six^teen 'men)

skill skil

sixteenmo siks'tinmo

skillet 'skiht

sixteenth siks'tinG, 'siks'- [-ths -Os

skillful, skilf- 'skilfal |-ly -i

jfull

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fstJa

skilled skild

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl 'keep

tai

'em 'kipm

394

skill-less

slice

slam slaem [slammed slaemd

skill-less 'skilhs

skim skim skimmed skimd |-mer -;

skim milk 'skim'milk
skimp skimp skimped skimpt |-y -i
skin skin |skinned skind |-ny -i

ES

-3(r

ES

slander 'slaenda^;
'slasndrirj,

-dang

'slaendaCr; |-ed -d

slang slaeg [slanged slaegd -y

slap slaep [slapped slaept

skinflint 'skin,flint

slapdash 'slaep/daej

skinful 'skm^ful |-fuls -jfulz

ES

slapstick 'slaepjStik

slash

skirl ska^l;

ES

'skip3(r; [-ed -d [-y -i

ES

slate slet [slated 'sletid

'sksm-, 'sks'm-;

[-es

skirt

slate-pencil 'slet^pensl

ES

slather 'slaefe, 'sle-;

-iz |-ed -t

skirr

[slashes 'slae/iz [slashed slaejt

slaej"

slat slaet [slatted 'slaetid

sksl, skyl; [-ed -d

skirmish 'skymij;

ES sksCr, sky; |-ed -d

skyt; ES skst, skyt; [-ed -id
sky;

-tJrig,

ES

-ing

ES

[-ed -d

-ing

'slaetan

slaty 'sleti

'skit3(r; |-ed -d

ES

slaughter, S- 'sbta^;

skittish 'skit;/

-ta(r;

'sbtarig, 'sbtrig [-ous -as, -tras

skittle 'skitl |-d -d

|-s

Slav slav, slaev

-z

skoal skoi |skoaled skold

slave slev [slaved slevd |-ry -ri,

Skowhegan skau'higan

slaveholder 'slev^holda^;

skua 'skju3, 'skiua

skulduddery

-d

-'8a(r; |-ed

-Sang

slattern 'slaeta^n;

skit skit Iskitted 'skitid

skitter 'skita^;

|-duggery

-dri

Slavonic

skull 'head' skAl skulled skAld

[-n

sla'vanik;

-n

ES+-'vDn-;

skulled skAld

slay sle [slew slu, sliu [slain slen

skullduddery, -dugg- see skulduddery

slazy 'sleazy, 'slezi

skull-less 'skAllis

sleave sliv [sleaved slivd

sleazy 'slezi,

sledge

skylark 'skaijlark;

ES

ES

'slizi

sled sled [sledded 'sledid

|-ey -i

Skye skai
hit' 'skaia^;

'skai-3(r

skds

[sledges 'skdsiz [sledged

-Jaik, E-i--Ja:k; |-ed

-t

sleep slip [slept

skpt

[-y -i

sleepwalker 'slip^waka^;

skyrocket 'skai^rakit; ES-h-jrok-; |-ed -id

sleepyhead

ES

-jskrepaCr

ES

sleet slit [sleeted 'slitid

sleeve sliv [sleeved slivd

slab slajb [slabbed slaebd

sleigh sle sleighed sled

slab-sided 'slaeb'saidid ('slab-^sided 'gawk)

sleight slait

slack slaek [slacked slaekt

slender, S- 'sknda^;

slacken 'slaekan [ed -d |-ing -kamrj, -knig

-dara^;

ES

sleuth slue, sliue |-ed

See in full 3-47.

Ibath baeO;

[-er -dra-

-t

slew slu, sliu -ed -d

slake slek [slaked slekt

Key:

'sknda(r;

skpt

slept

slain slen

+ 'sloat

ES

-ra(r

slag slaeg [slagged slaegd

loc.

-jwakaCr

'slipijlied

skyward 'skaiwa^d; ES -wad

Slaithwaite 'sleGwet,

skdsd

sleek slik [sleeked slikt, cf slick

skylight 'skaijlait |-ed -id

skyscraper 'skai^skrepa^;

-h.

sb

slaw

skullcap 'skAljkaep, -'kaep

skunk skAgk [skunked skAokt

sky skai skied or skyed skaid

|-ally

-ikli

-an

-^holdaCr

Slavic 'slaevik, 'slav-

Slavonia sla'vonia

skulk skAlk skulked skAlkt

skull 'saiW skAl

ES

slavey 'slevi

skAl'dAdari,

-'dAgari, -gri

skyer 'high

-an.

slapjack 'slaepidsaek

'skin3(r

skip skip [skipped skipt

ES

[-es -iz |-ed -t 1-ery

-ri

skintight 'skin'tait ('skinjtight 'boots)

skipper 'skipa^;

-i

slant slaent; E-i- slant, slant; |-ed -id

skin-deep 'skin'dip ('skin-jdeep 'cut)

skinner, S- 'skina^;

-ing

[-ous -dras, -daras

slice slais [shces 'slaisiz [sHced slaist

bee bi [pity

baG (10) |ah a

[far

'piti

(6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg jangr}' 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj,

wotj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

smash

395

slick
slick silk

slouch slaut/ Islouches 'slaut/iz |-ed

slicked slikt

slicker 'slika^;

ES

shd

slide slaid |slid slid |slid

or slidden

'

sbdn

ES

slough 'shed skin' sUf |-ed

Slovak 'slovaek, slo'vaek

'slai'3(r

slight slait slighted 'slaitid

Slovakia slo'vakia, -'vaek-

Sligo 'slaigo

sloven 'sUvan |-ed -d

slily 'slaili

Slovene slo'vin, 'slovin

|sUmmed slimd

slim slim

-t

Slough Engd slau

Slidell slai'dd, 'slaidl

slier 'slaia^;

-t

slough 'tmidhole' slau, 'marsh' slu, sbu

'slik3(r

Slovenia slo'vinia

-n

|-n

-h

|-ly

-n

|-n

shme slaim slimed slaimd

slow slo slowed slod

slimish 'slaimij'

slow-motion 'slo'mo/an ('slow-imotion

slimmish

slimpsy 'slimpsi

slowworm 'slo^wym; ES
sloyd sbid

slimsy 'shmzi, 'slimpsi

slub

slimy ^slaimi

slubber

sling
1

'slimij"

slio

sUg

slung

slang slaeg

arch,

sUg

slung

slink sligk

slunk

ES + '^Jot
sUgk or arch,

slank s laegk

slippery

'slipri,

^slipari

|-rier

slipslop 'slipjslap;

ES

sbus

ES

sIaiti

|-s

'sUgad;

'sUgif

|-gish

-iz |-d -t

slummed slAmd

ES

-ba(r;

-d

|-ed

|-ped

-t

ES

|-ed

'slit$9(r;

-d

l-ing

-San

'slaitJi

sUg
slunk sUgk
slur sly; ES sl3(r, sls^; |-red -d
slurp slyp; ES slap, slyp; |-ed -t
slurry 'sls^i; ES 'sbn, 'slyi

ES

-\3(x; |-ed -d |-ing 'slivarig.

-y -van, -vri

slush sIaJ slushes 'sIa/iz slushed slAjt

ES + slnb
'slaba^; ES 'slabaCr,

slut slAt

slob slab;

'slob-; |-y -bri,

-ban

ES

sluttish 'slAtiJ

sly slai slyly 'slaib

1

slyer

'slier' 'slaia^;

ES

'slai-aCr

sloe slo

smack smaek smacked smaekt

Smackover 'smaekova^; ES 'smaekova(r

slog slag, sing |-ged -d

small smal |smalled smald

slogan 'slogan

smallclothes 'smal^kloz, -^kloSz

sloo 'slough^ slu

smallpox 'smalipaks; ES-f-jpnks;

sloop slup

smalt smalt

slobberer 'slabara^;

ES+slop;

slop slap;

'slabarafr, 'slob-

smart smart;

slosh slaj;

ES + sIdJ;

ES+slot;

-tnig,

smash

|-ted -id

sloth sloe, sbe, sloe |-ful -fal -fully -fal I

1

ful |tooth tuO [further 'fytfa^;

ES

smarten 'smartn;

|-es -iz |-ed -t

Slosson 'slasn, 'slosn, 'sbsn

slot slat;

smaragd 'smaeraegd

|-ped -t |-py -i

slope slop sloped slept

|full

|-ing

-bang |-ous -bras, -baras

slumbrous 'sUmbras
slump si Amp slumped sUmpt
slung

sliver 'shva^;

slobber

'slAbara(r

-brig,

\past &" pptc sHt slit or rare slitted

'slitJa^;

-vrig

|-ing

sUgd

[slugged

sluice slus,

slum

ES + -j/Dd
ES + -js1dp;

'sliSrig, 'shtJarig |-y -Sri,

sHthy

sUg

slumber 'sLvmba';

'shtid
slither

ES

-d

sludges 'skdsiz [-d -d

sluggard 'sUga^d;

'slipna^ ;

-ri-3(r; |-riest 'slipriist

slit slit

|-ed

-ban

slugabed 'slAga^bed

-3(r

slippery elm 'slipri'elm

slipshod 'sbpi/ad;

sUds

|-y -bri,

'film)

-jwym

slue slu, sliu

slug

sbp slipped slipt |-per -; ES

sHpknot 'slip^nat; ES + -jnDt
slip

sUbd
ES -ba(r;

'sUbrig, 'sUbarig

sludge, S-

sUgk

slunk

[slubbed
'sUba^;

slubberer 'slAbara^;

slingshot 'sligiJat;

or

sUb

-^wsin,

ES

'faiJa

-tmg
smaej

|-ine

j-'s

-iz

sma'raegdin

smart, E-i-sma:t; |-ed -id

ES

see smart; |-ed -d

smashes

'smtefiz

-ing

[smashed

smaejt

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy iv

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

smashup

snivet

396
smooth-spoken

smashup 'smaef^Ap

ES

smatter 'smasta^;
-trig

smear smir; ES smi3(r, S + sm23(r; |-ed -d

smearcase 'smir^kes; ES see smear; {Ger

smote smot
smother 'smA^a^;

smell shieI |smelled smeld or smelt smelt

-drig,

ES

-d3(r;

smelt smelt -ed -id |-ery -an

Smetana 'smetna
Smethport 'smeO^port,

smuggle 'smAgl

ES

-ipart;

-jpoat.

E + -ip33t

|-d

-d 1-hng 'smAghg, -glig

smut smAt Ismutted 'smAtid |-ty -i

smutch smAtJ [smutches 'smAtJiz [-smutched

Smethwick 'smetJik

smAtJt

Smuts smAts j-'s -iz

Smyrna 'sm^na; ES 'smsna, 'smyna
Smyth smid, smaiO |Smythe smaiS, smaiO

|-es -iz

smile small smiled smaild

|

|-less ^smaillis

Smintheus 'sminOjus |-'s -iz

smirch smytj; ES smst/, smyt/;

-iz

j-es

snack sn^k |snacked snaekt

snaffle 'snaefl |-d -d |-ling 'snaeflig, -flig

|-ed -t

ES smsk, smyk;

smirk smyk;

snag snasg [snagged snaegd

|-ed -t

smite smait |smote smot |smitten

'smiti;i or

smit smit or smote smot

'smi'Sa^;

ES

-SaCr;

-s

snail-paced 'snelipest

-ri

snake, S- snek [snaked snekt |-ky

-z

ES

'smiSaz;

snap snasp [snapped snaept

-iz

|-'s

[-per -a^;

-tJja^;

ES

-a(r

snapshot 'snaepy/at; ES-i--J"Dt

-3(r

Smithson 'smiOsan |-sonian smiO'soman

Smith ville 'smiOvil; S + -vl
smithy 'smi6i, 'smitJi 'smitii is the older

E snea(r, ES snaea(r;
ES sna:k, E+sna:k
ES sna:l, E-i- snarl; [-ed -d

snare sner, snaer;

snarl snarl;

'smiOi imitates smith as

snatch snaetj [snatches 'snaet/iz [-ed

'grlsi imitates the

noun grease

snath snaeG

(gris).

|-d

-d

snark snark;

pronunciation.

-t

[-ths -6s [snathe sne'S

sneak snik [sneaked snikt

smitten 'smitn

smock smak; ES+smok; |-ed -t

smoke smok smoked smokt j-ky
|

sneer snir;
-i;

\NEngd

+ swL6k{46)

ES

snia(r, S-i-snea(r; [-ed -d

sneeze sniz [sneezes 'sniziz [sneezed snizd

sneh, S- snel [sneUed sneld

smokestack 'smok^staek
Smokies 'smokiz
smolder 'smolda^; ES -d3(r;

Snelhng 'snelig
snick

-d

|-ed

|-ing

-dang
Smolensk smo'lensk, sma-, -'Ijensk
Smollett 'smalit; ES + 'smol-drig,

smk

[snicked snikt

snickersnee 'smka^^sni;
sniff

smf

snigger

ES

'smka-;

[-d

-d

[sniffed snift

sniffle 'snifl [-d

smolt smolt

'sniga^;

-d [-ling 'sniflig, -flig

ES

-ga(r;

[-ed

-d

[-ing

'snigarig, 'snigrig

smooth smuS smoothed smutJd

smoothbore 'smuSjbor, -jbor; ES -jbo3(r.
E + -jb33(r
smoothen 'smu'San |-ed -d |-ing 'smutinig.
|

-tJanig

snip snip [snipped snipt [py

snipe snaip [sniped snaipt

-i

snippet 'smpit
snitch

smtj

[snitches 'snitjiz |-ed

-t

snivel 'snivl [-ed -d [ing 'snivlig, -vlig

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

ES

snapdragon 'snaep^draegan

Smithfield 'smiOfild
smithier 'smi'Sia^,

-i

snakeroot 'snek^rut, -,rut

smithereens jsmi'Sa'rinz

Smithers 'smi'S^z;

snaggletooth 'snaegljtuO
snail snel [snailed sneld

smith, S- smi6 -ths -Gs |-ery -an,

Key;

-d |-ing

|-ed

-dang
|

smell-less 'smellis

smilax 'smailaeks

'smA^aCr; |-ed -d |-ing

smudge smAds smudges 'smAdsiz [smudged

smAdsd
smug smAg smugged smAgd

smellage 'smelids

smither

ES

'smA^rig, -Sang

smoulder 'smolda^;

Ifmitrjkerza)

('smooth-

^smutJ'spokan

-spoken 'man)

-tang,

-t3(r; |-ed -d |-ing

bee bi [pity

baG (10) |ah a

[far

'piti (6)

[rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angr\' 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj,

wotj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gard3 [go go

snob

397

Those words below in which the a sound

snob snab |-bery -an,

soft-spoken

is spelt o are often

pronounced with n in

ES

sober 'soba^;

-ri |-bish -ij

Snoddy 'snadi

and

'sobaCr; |-ed -d |-ing 'sobarig,

-brig

Snodgrass 'snad^graes; E+-jgras, -jgras;

|-'s

Sobieski jsobi'eski, so'bJEski

sobriety sa'braiati, so-

-iz

Snohomish sno'homij |-'s -iz

snood snud |snooded 'snudid
snook snuk, snuk
snoop snup snooped snupt

sobriquet 'sobri,ke (Fr sb'bri'ke)

socage, socc- 'sakidj

|-s

-iz

so-called 'so'kald ('so-jcalled 'learning)

ES

soccer 'saka^;

snoot snut jsnooty 'snuti

'saka(r

sociability jso/a'bilati

snooze snuz |snoozes 'snuziz |snoozed snuzd

sociable 'so/abl |-bly -bh

Snoqualmie sno'kwalmi

social 'sojal |-ly -i |-ism -,izam ]-ist -ist

ES

snore snor, snar;

snort snart;

ES

sno3(r, E+snD3(r; |-d -d

snaat; [-ed -id

sociahstic jso/a'hstik |-ally

snout snaut snouted 'snautid

sociality jsoji'aelati

snow, S- sno snowed snod

sociahze 'so/ajaiz

\-y -i

snowball 'snojbal |-ed -d

-ikh

]-s

-iz |-d -d

societal sa'saiatl |-ly -i

snowbank 'sno^baeok

society sa'saiati

ES

snowbird 'snojbyd;

-li,

socialite 'so/ajlait

snow-blind 'sno^blaind

-^bsd, -jbyd

sociological jso/ia'ladsikl, jsosi- |-ly

|-ed -id |-ness -nis

snowbound, S- 'sno^baund
snow-capped 'snojkaept

sockdolager sak'daladga';

Snowden, -don 'snodn |-donian sno'donian

socket 'sakit |-ed -id

sock sak socked sakt

|

ES

-'daladsaCr

snowdrift 'snowdrift j-drop -^drap

Socrates 'sakra^tiz

|-'s

snowfall 'snojfal -flake -jflek

Socratic so'kraetik

|-al -j |-ally -Ii,

snowplow 'snojplau
snowshoe 'snojju 1-storm -jstarm; ES -jstoam

sod sad sodded 'sadid

snow-white 'sno'hwait ('snow-jwhite 'dove)

sodality so'daelati

Snow White

sodden 'sadn |-ness 'sadnnis

sodium 'sodiam
Sodom 'sadam j-ist -ist J-ite

'sno^hwait

snub snAb |snubbed snAbd

snub-nose 'snAbinoz

|-s

-i

sociology /soji'aladsi, jsosi- |-gist -dsist

|-ber -a^;

ES

-a(r

-iz

-ikh

soda 'soda

snub-nosed 'snAb'nozd ('snub-^nosed 'Auk)

soever so'eva', su'eva^;

snuff snAf snuffed snAft |-y

sofa 'sofa

-i

-iz

ES

-^ait ]-y -i

-'Eva(r

snuffbox 'snAfjbaks
snuffers 'snAfa'z;

Sofia 'sofia, so'fia

|-es -iz

ES

Sofronia so'fronia

'snAfaz

snuffle 'snAfl |-d -d |-ling 'snAfhg, -flig

soft salt, soft

snug snAg snugged snAgd |-gery -an

soft-boiled 'saft'baild, 'soft-

snuggle 'snAgl

Snyder

|-d

'snaida^;

-d |-hng 'snAglig, -glig

ES

'snaida(r

so stressed 'so, jso; unstr. so, sa,

soften 'safan, 'sof- |-ed -d |-ing -fanig, -fnig

|-er -fana^, -fna^;

su

soak sok soaked sokt; \NEngd+sik (46)

soaken adj 'sokan
|

soap sop Isoaped sopt |-stone -jston |-suds

softhearted

soar sor, sar;

ES

'saft'hartid,

-jwst, -jwyt

sob sab sobbed sabd

n hoitjel,

soft-shell adj

so3(r, E-|-S33(r; [-ed -d

'soft-;

ES

-'ha:t-,

('soft-hearted 'judge)

soft-pedal ^saft'pedj, ^soft- |-ed -d

soft-shell

-iSAdz

ES

-a(r

soft-headed 'saft'hedid, 'soft-

E + -'ha:t-;

so-and-so 'soanjso

soapwort 'sop^wyt;

ES

softhead 'saft^hEd, 'soft-

'soft-

'saft'/el,

|-ed

'soft-

-d

j'soft-

jshell 'crab)

soft-soap 'saft'sop, 'soft- |-ed

-t

soft-spoken 'saft'spokan, 'soft-

sobeit so'biit
|full

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fsSa |custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


somewhat

398

sogdologer
Those words below in which the a sound
sogdologer sag'dabdsa^

ES

are often pronounced imth

is s pelt

soliloquize sa'hb^kwaiz

-'dal3d39(r

in

-iz |-d

and S

-d

soliloquy sa'blakwi |-quist -kwist

soggy 'sagi
soho so 'ho |sohoed so 'hod

Solinus sd'lainas

Soho so'ho, 'soho ('Sojho 'Square)

Sohrab 'soraeb, 'sorab, 's3r-; S 'sorsoi-disant Fr swadi'zfi

solitaire jSala'tEr, -'taer;

-iz

j-'s

E -'t3(r, ES

-'taeaCr;

acd -i-'solijtaire
solitary 'sab/tEri |-tude -jtjud, -jtiud, -;tud
solo, S- 'solo |-ed

soiled S3ild |-less 'soillis

soil S3il

|-s

-d j-ing 'so^lo-ig, -lawig

soiree swa're {Fr swa're)

soloist 'sojlo'ist, 'solawist

Soissons Fr swa'so

Solomon 'salaman

sojourn n 'sodsyn;

ES

Solomon's-seal jsalamanz'sil, -man'sil

-dssn, -dsyn

ES

sojourn v so'dsyn, 'sod3yn;

-sn, -yn;

l-ed -d

Solon 'solan

|-ian so'lonian |-ic so'lanik

solstice 'salstis

|-s

-iz

soke sok |soken 'sokan

solstitial sal'stijal |-ly -i

sokeman 'sokman |-men -man

solubility ^salja'bilati

Sokoloff 'soka^bf, -jlof, -lav

soluble 'saljabl j-bly -bh

Sol sal, sdI, sol

solus 'solas sola 'sola

sol music, coin sol

solute 'saljut, 'soljut, 'solut, -but

solution sa'lujan, -'bu-

sol chetn. sal, sol

solace 'sails, -as

solvability jsalva'bilati, ^sdIv-

-iz j-d -t

|-s

Solanio sa'lanio, -njo

solar 'sola';

ES

solvable 'salvabl, 'sdIv-

Solvay 'salve

'sol3(r

solarium so'kriam,
solarize 'sola^raiz

solve salv, sdIv |-d -d |-ncy -ansi j-nt -ant

-'ler- \-s -z |-ia -la

|-s

Solway 'salwe
Solyman 'sabman

-iz |-d -d

sold sold

Soldan,

s-

solder

'sada^;

Somali so'mab, sa- |-land -,laend

'saldan

ES

'sad3(r;

j-ed

-d

|-ing

ES

-d33(r; |-ed -d |-y

-i

|-ing

some

solecism 'sabjSizam
soleless 'solhs

stressed

sa'kmnati

-some

solemnization jsalamna'zejsn, -nai'z-

solemnize 'salam^naiz

|-s

nnstressed

omitted in

|-ly -i

tlie

adj

'ti)

ending

ES

Somers 'sAma^z;

somersault 'sAma^jsalt;

solfeggio sal'ftdso, -dsijO {It sol'feddso)

solicit sa'hsit j-ed -id |-ous -as

'sAmaz;

-'hs3t3(r

something 'sAmpGig, 'sAmOig

solid 'sakd j-arity jsala'daerati

sometime 'sAm^taim
sometimes 'sAm^taimz,

solidification sa'kdafa'keXan
solidify sa'hdajfai |-fied -^faid

someway 'sAm^v^e
somewhat 'sAm^hwat,

solidity sa'hdati

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

-iz

SAm'taimz,

sam-

'taimz

solidus 'sabdas |-di -jdai

See in full 3-47.

|-'s

ES 'sAma-; |-ed -id

somerset 'sAma'/SEt; ES 'sAma-; |-ed -id
Somerset 'sAma^jSet, -sit; ES 'sAma-; -shire
-styjir, -sitjj"ir, -sitJV; ES -;J"ia(r, -/a(r
Somerville, -vile 'sAma^jVil; ES 'sAma-

solicitude sa'lisajtjud, -^tiud, -^tud

Ibath baeG;

often

solicitation sajhsa'tefan

Key:

-sam

vocab.

sol-fa sol'fa |-ed -d ('sol-^fa 'syllables)

ES

-d

-'briro, -'brero j-ed -d

Solent 'sobnt

solicitor sa'hsata^;

l-(e)d

somebody 'sAm^badi, -jbAdi, 'sAmbadi

somehow 'sAm,hau
someone 'sAm^wAn, 'sAmwan

-iz |-d -d

solenoid 'sola^noid
solenoidal jsola'naidl

-ba(r;

'sAm, jSAm; unstr. sam, sm,

more sa (sa'mor

before
j-ity

ES

-bang, -brig

sombrero sam'brro,

sole sol soled sold |-ly 'solh

solemn 'salam

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

somber, -bre 'samba';

'sadarig, -drig
soldier 'soldsa^;

somatic so'maetik

[far

'piti (6)

-,hwnt,

'sAmhwat

|rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angrs^ 'aeg-gri

far [watch wat/,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gard; > |go go

somewhere

399

Those words below in which the a sound

somewhere 'sAm^hwer, -jhwaer;

ES

souffle

is spelt

-jhw3(r,

o are often pronounced with d in

sophistic sa'fistik

and S

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

sophisticate sa'fistijket |-d -id

-jhwaeaCr

ES

somewhither

'sAniihwi'Sa' ;

Somme sAm,

SDin {Fr som)

sophistication S3ifisti'kef3n

-jhwitSaCr

sophistry 'safistri

somnambulate sam'naembjajlet |-d -id

somnambulation jsamnaembja'lej'an, sam^naembja-

somnambulism sam^naembjajlizam

|-hst -list

Sophocles 'saf3jkliz

|-'s

-iz |-clean (Saf3'kli3n

sophomore 'safm,or, -pr; ES -j03(r, E+-p3(r

sophomoric jsafs'marik, -'mar-, -'mnrSophronia so'fronis, sa-

somniferous sam'nifgras

Sophy

somnolence 'samnalans

|-cy -i |-lent -lant

soporiferous jsopa'rifaras, ^saps-

Somnus,

-iz

soporific jSop3'rifik, ^sap3- |-al -1 |-ally -li,

s-

^samnas

|-'s

son SAn sonny 'sAni

'sofi

-ikli

sonance 'sonans |-cy

sonantal so'naentl

sopping 'sapig

|-nant -nant

-i

soprano ss'praeno, -'prano

-tik

|-tic

sonata sa'nata

Sorbonne sar'ban, -'bAn {Fr

sonatina jsana'tina, jsona- (// jSona'ti:na)

ES 'saasar3(r; ]-cery -san

sorceress 'sars3ris; ES 'sassa-; |-es -iz
Sordello sar'dElo; ES S33sordid 'sordid; ES 'ssadid
sore sor, sar; ES soa(r, E+saa(r; |-head -jhEd
soreheaded 'sor'hedid, 'sar-; ES 'soa-, E-h

songs3i), sng; S + sag; |-bird-jb3^d;

ES -jbsd,

-,byd

song-and-dance

'sagan'daens,

-'dans;

-'dans,

E+

'sog-;

'sDganMaens,

'sog-,

'sag-

songster 's3gst3^, 'sogksta^, 'sog-;

ES

sar'bb'n)

sorcerer 'sarsara^;

'sa3-

-st3(r,

S + 'sag-

sorghum 'sargam; ES 'saagam

songstress 'sagstris, 'sog-; S + 'sag-; 1-es -iz

sorority sa'rarati, -'rar-, -'ror-

son-in-law

sorosis, S- sa'rosis

'sAiunjb |sons-in-law

'sAnzn,b

'sAnzinJo,

sorption 'sarp/an;

sonnet 'sanit |-ed -id

sonneteer ^sana'tir;

ES

sonometer so'namata^;

-'ti3(r,

ES

S + -'tE3(r

sorrow 'saro, 'soro,

sorry

sonority S3'n3r3ti, -'nar-, -'nor-

sort sart;

sonorous sa'noras, -'nar-; S -'nor-

sortie 'sarti, -ti;

Soo su

sortilege 'sartlids;

'su'tjau

ES

'sun-;

s- 'suna^,

is better

pre-

soothe su3 [soothed sutJd

sooty

|-er -a^;

ra

z)

'son

sast; |-ed -id

ES 'saa-; |-d
ES 'saat-

-d

'esjo'es \pl -'s -iz

'esjo'es j-'es -iz |-'ed -t

sot sat Isotted 'satid jsottish 'satij

'sA'Sa'n;

ES

'sA^an

soubrette su'bret |-tish -if

-a(r

soubriquet 'subri/ke

sop sap [sopped sapt

souchong, S- su'/ag, -'tjag, -og ('soUjchong

Sophia saint so'faia, sa-;

Am

name

sa'fai3,

Sophy

sophism 'safizam

'tea)

Soudan su'daen
|-ist

-ist |-ister -ista';

ES

-ta(r

|full

ES

sou su

ES

'suti, 'suti, less freq. 'sAti

'sof 13 ; cf

'sari, 'sari,

sotto voce 'sato'votji {It 'sotto'vo:tJe)

|-ly -li

soothsay 'suBjse

O
O

Sothern

served in the S.

sooth sue

-3 |-ed -d 1-ing

SOSO 'sOjSO

-n3(r

sAt

soot sut, sut, less freq. sAt

'saro,

-ra^vig

soon sun, sun

Sooner,

'saap-

sorrento, S- sa 'rente

-'nam3t3(r

Sonora so'nor3, -'nara; S -'nor3

sonorant sa'norant, -'nor-; S -'nor-

Soochow

ES

sorrel, S- 'saral, 'sar-, 'sor-

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

|-ese jsuda'niz

souffle su'fle, 'sufle j-ed -d

souffle 'sufI

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi5an

[Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

sough
sough

400

saI,

sau jsoughed

saud

SAft,

sparerib
southron 'sAcSran, 'sA?iaran

soul sol Isouled sold |-less 'sollis

southward 'sauGwa^d; ES -wad; |-s -z

Southwark 'sA^a^k, 'sauGwa'k; ES -ak

sound saund |-ed -id |-ness -nis, 'saunnis

soundboard 'saund jbord, 'saun-, -jbard; ES

southwest jSauG'wst

sought sat

E + -jbD3d

-jboad,

sound-box 'saundjbciks, 'saun-; ES-h-jboks;

|-es -iz

Southwell 'sauGjWel, -wal; Notts

'sAtial

ES

|-er -a^;

-a(r; [-n -n

naut. + ,sav^w- ('south-west 'wind)

Southwick 'sauGwik, 'sA^ik

Southworth 'sauGwa^G; ES 'sauGwaG

ES

sound-wave 'saund^wev
soup sup souped supt

souvenir jsuva'nir, 'suvajnir;

soup-and-fish 'supan'fij", 'supm'fi/

sovereign 'savrin, 'say-, 'sdv-, -ran |-ty

soupfon Fr sup'so

soviet, S- 'soviit, -at, -vi^Et, jSovi't

Souza

sour saur;

ES

sovietism 'soviajtizam

sau3(r; j-ed -d

ES soas, E-i-saas;
sourdough 'saur^do; ES 'sauajdo
source sors, S3rs;

Souris 'suns

|-'s

|-s

sow
sow

-iz

sau

'hog'

so [sowed sod |sown son or sowed

'seed'

Sowerby Lanes,

Yks,

ES

soy sai [soybean

'sut3(r

sozin 'sozin

south V sauS, sauG

spa spa Spa spa, spa

|-ed -'5d, -6t

ES

Southampton sauO'haemptsn, sau'Gaemptan

Southbridge 'sauObrids

space spes [spaces 'spesiz [spaced spest

spacious 'spe/as

-iz

|-'s

South Carohna jsauOkaera'laina,

jsauOkaera'laina, -ka'lama;

-ka^'laina;

/or. -i-jsaeuG-

South Dakota jsauGds'kota, -di'kota

Southdown 'sauG^daun

spadix 'spediks

[-ful -jful

|-es -iz [-dices

spi'daisiz

spaghetti spa'geti

Downs

|S-

spade sped [spaded 'spedid

Spaeth, Sigmund 'sigmand sped

kaBr3'la:n3, -kaea'larna, -k3r3'la:n3

'sauG-

spahi, -hee 'spahi

Spain spen

'daunz

spake spek

southeast, S- ^sauG'ist ('south-east 'wind)

ES

southeaster jsauG'ista';

southerly

'sAcJa^li;

ES

ES -wad;

j-s

-z

ES

Southerne

span spasn [spanned spsend

'sAtSa-

ES

'sA'Sa^n;

'sAtian;

spandrell 'spaendral

spangle 'spaeogl [-d -d |-hng 'spaegglig, -glig

|-most -jmost, -mast

southerner 'sASa^na^, 'sASana^;

'sA^anaf- a has been

by dissimilation {121)

ES

'sA3ana(r;

changed from

tt

this is less freq. in

Spangler 'spasggla^;

Spaniard 'spaenja^d;

spaniel 'spaenjal [-ed -d

spank spaegk [spanked spaegkt

'sau'Si, 'saSi

spanner

-git

'spaena^;

Southington 'sA'Sigtan

ES

spar spar;

southpaw 'sauGjpa

spare spsr, spaer;

-,part;

ES

-^poat,

E-f-jpaat

-'niu, -'nu ('span-^new

spa:(r, E-i-spa:(r; [-red -d

sparerib 'sper^rib,

spa(r,

ES

'spaer-;

spaea(r; |-d -d

'spEa^nb,

ES

spaea-

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeG;

'spaena(r

'hat)

southland 'sauOland, -^laend

'sauGjport,

ES

span-new 'spaen'nju,

southing 'sautiig

Southport

ES 'spaEggla(r
ES 'spaenjad

Spanish 'spaeni/

easterner 6^ westerner.

Southgate 'sauOjget,

'spaldiij

spall spal [spalled spald

spalpeen 'spaelpin, spael'pin

'sA^aii

southermost 'sAfe^most;
southern,

Spalding

-n

-'ist3(r; j-n

southeastward (SauG'istwa^d;

Key:

'saua-bi;

'sai'bin, -^bin

south, S- n, adj, adv sau6

Southey

Ciimb

'sau-abi

soutane su'tan

In

|-tize -jtaiz

sod

souse saus |souses 'sausiz ]soused saust

ES

-ti

sovran 'savran, 'sdv-, 'sav-

-iz

Sousa 'SUZ3, 'SUS3

souter, -ar 'suta^;

-ia(r

'soza, 'suza

bee bi [pity

baG (10) [ah a

[far

'piti

(6) [rate ret [yet Jt [sang saeg jangr^' 'aeg^gri

far [watch watj,

wotj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gard3 [go go

Spargo

ES

Spargo 'spargo;
spark spark;

ES

^spa:go, E+'spa:go

E+spa:k;

spa:k,

ES

sparkle 'sparkl;

speck spek specked spekt

|

speckle 'spekl |-d -d |-ling ''speklig, -kjig

|-ed -t

^spa:k), E+'spa:k}; |-d -d

-ling -klig, -klig

ES

-kla^;

|-r

sparrow

'spero, -a |-ish 'spaerawij |-y

-rawi

ES

-'taekjalaCr

spectator 'spekteta^, spek'teta^;

ES spa:s, E+spa:s; |-sity -ati

Sparta 'sparta; ES 'spaita, E + 'spaita; |-n -tn
Spartacus 'spartakas; ES 'spa:t-, E + 'spa:t-;

ES

specter, -tre 'spekta^;

ES

-ta(r

-ta(r; |-(e)d

-d

spectra 'spektra
spectral 'sptktral |-ly

-i

spectrochemistry jspektro'kemistri

-iz

Spartanburg

ES

'spartn^byg;

'spaitn^bsg,

E + 'spaitri-

'spaitrijbyg,

spectrometer spek'tramata^;

ES

-'tramata(r,

-'trom-

spasm ^spsezsm

spectrophotometer

spasmodic spaezWadik;
I

spectacle 'spektakl, -tiki, -^tik} |-d -d

spectacular spek'taekjala^;

-kl3(r

sparse spars;

l-'s

Spenserian

401

ES + -'niDd-;

|-al

-1

jSpEktrofo'tamata';

ES

-'tamata(r, -'tnm-

spectroscope 'spEktra^skop

-ally -h, -ikli

spastic 'spaestik |-ally

spectroscopic jspektra'skapik; ES+-'skDp-;

-ikk

-li,

spat past of spit spaet

spat spast spatted 'spaetid

l-al -1 l-ally -li,

-ikh

spectroscopy spek'traskapi,

'spektrajskopi;

spatchcock 'spaetj^kak ES-^-jkok;

;

|-ed -t

ES+-'tros-;

]-pist -pist

spate spet |spated 'spetid

spectrum 'spektram

spathe spetf ]spathed speSd

specular 'spEkjala^;

|-s

ES

-z |-tra -tra

'spekjala(r

spathic 'spaeGik

speculate 'spekjaylet j-d -id |-tive -iv

spatial 'spe/al |-ly -i

speculation jSpEkja'le/an

spatialize 'spejaljaiz

spatter 'spaeta-;

ES

|-s

speculum 'spekjalam

-iz |-d -d

'spaet3(r; j-ed

-z [-la -la

|-s

sped sped

-d

spatula 'spaetjab

speech spit/ speeches

spatulate adj 'spaetjalit, -Jet

speechify 'spit/a jfai

'spit/iz j-ed -t

|-fied -^faid

spatulate v 'spaet/ajet j-d -id

speed, S- spid [speeded 'spidid or sped sped

Spaulding 'spaldig

speedboat 'spid^bot

spavin 'spaevin j-ed -d

speedily 'spidli,

spawn span [spawned spand

speedometer

speak spik spoke spok or arch, spake spek

|

ES

spia(r,

S + sp8a(r, spJ8a(r;

-d |-head -jhed |-man

|-ed

-man |-men -man

speer spir;

'spidUp [speeded up 'spidid'Ap

ES

spia(r,

-i

|-ism -jizam

|-ist -ist

[-s

ES

'spaiza(r

spell spel [spelled speld or spelt spelt

spelling-bound 'spehg^baund

-iz j-d -d

spelt spelt

specialty 'spe/alti

spelter 'spelta^;

specie 'spiji
species 'spljiz, -Jiz,

[-ed -d

spellbind 'spel^baind [-bound -jbaund

speciality jspt/i'aelati
specialize 'spe/aljaiz

S+spa(r;

Speght, Speight spet

Speiser 'spaiza^;

[-mint -jHunt
special 'spe/al j-ly

-'damata(r,

speed-up n 'spid^Ap
speed up

spoken 'spokan or arch, spoke spok

spear spir;

ES

-'dom-

spay spe spayed sped

-ili

spi'damata^;

'spelta(r; |-ed -d

spencer, S- 'spensa^;

specifiable 'spesajfaiabl
specific spi'sifik |-al -1 |-ally

ES

spence, S- spens [Spence's 'spensiz

pi 'spi/ijiz

-h

ES

'spensa(r

Spencerian spen'sirian

|-ly -li

specification jspsafa'kejan

spend spend [spent spent

specify 'spEsa^fai [-fied -jfaid

spendthrift 'spend jGrift, 'spenjOnft

specimen ^spesaman

Spens spens

speciosity jSpi/i'asati; ES+-'ds-

Spenser 'spensa^;

specious 'spifas

Spenserian spen'sirian

[full

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytja';

ES

'fstJa

[-'s

-iz

ES

'spensaCr

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish d^/ [vision 'vigan [Eden

'idini

[cradle 'kred} [keep

tai

'em 'kipip

spillway 'spil^we

spent spent

sperm spa^m; ES spsm, spym

spermaceti jsps^ma'seti,

-'siti;

spilt spilt

ES

^spsm-,

ES

spermatic spy'maetik;
|-ally -li,

spa-, sps'-;

|-al -1

jspun spAn or arch, span spasn

spinach 'spimtX, -ids

'spymatajfait;

ES

^spsm-.

ditional

spinal 'spainl

'spa'm-

spermatozoon jspymata'zoon, -nn, -an;

jspam-, jspym-; |-zoa -'zoa

ES

ES

sfi3(r,

spheric 'sferik

|-ly -i

spindle 'spindl 1-d -d |-Hng -dlig, -dlig

spindling adj

'spmdhg [spindly 'spmdh

spindrift 'spm^drift

spine

S+sfE9(r;

j-d

-d

spam

|spined

spamd

spinet 'spinit

Spingarn 'spingam;

|-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

ES

-ga:n, E-)--ga:n

spigk

sphericity sfi'risati

Spink,

sphericle 'sferikl

spinnaker 'spinaka^, 'spini-;

spheroid 'sfiraid; S + 'sfer-

spinney 'spini

spheroidal sfi'roidl; S+sfe-;

'sfiijkta';

sphinx sfigks

|-es

ES

sphygmograph

|-s

ES

-st3(r; j-hood

-^hud

spinule 'spainjul, ^spin-

-s

'sfigmajgraef ; E+-jgraf, -jgraf

spiny 'spaini
spiraea, S- spai'ria

spicate 'spaiket |-d -id

spiral 'spairal |-ed -d [-ly -i

|-s

-k3(r

spinstress 'spinstns |-es -iz

spica, S- 'spaika |-cal -kl

spice spais

ES

Spinoza spi'noza
spinster 'spinsta^;

'sfigkt3(r; j-al -al

'sfigksiz 1-nges 'sfindsiz

sphragistic sfra'dsistik

s-

spinose 'spainos [spinous 'spainas

|-ly -i

sphery 'sfin; S + 'sferi

sphincter

clearly

also tra-

spindlelegs 'spindl^legz

S + 'sferal

'sfiral;

'spinitj

spindle-legged 'spindljlegid, -jkgd

spew spju, spiu |-ed -d

Spey spe
sphagnum, S- 'sfaegnam
sfir;

|-es -iz

US, though 'spinids is

here. Both go back to OF.

prevails in

-ikh

spermatophyte

spheral

spm

spin

[spun spAn

jSpym-

sphere

spitchcock

402

spent

'spaisiz |-d -t [-ry -an, -ri

spire spair;

ES

spai3(r; [-d -d |-ry -i

spicily 'spaisli, -ik

spirea, S- spaiVia

spick spik Ispicked spikt

spirit 'spirit |-ed -id [-ous -as

spick-and-span 'spikan'spaen, 'spikg'spaen

spiritual 'spiritjual, -tjul, -tjal |-ly -i [-ism

spicket 'spikit

-jizam

[-ist -ist

spiculate 'spikjajet j-lated -Jetid

spirituality jspirit/u'lati

spicule 'spikjul

spirituaHze 'spirit/ual^aiz, -t/ul-, -t/al-

spicy 'spaisi
spider 'spaida^;

ES

'spaid3(r; |-ed -d

spirituel, -elle jSpiritJu'el

spied /row? spy spaid

spirochete, -chaete 'spaira^kit

'speer,'

'screen'

{Fr spiri'tqel)

spirituous 'spirit/uas

spiel spil spieled spild {Ger fpiil)

spier

spir;

ES

spi3(r,

S+

spE3(r; |-ed -d
spier 'who spies' 'spaia^;

spirogyra, S- jSpaira'dsaira

spirometer

ES

'spai3(r

spai'tamata^;

ES

-Vamata(r,

-'rom-

ES

spies spaiz

spirt spyt;

spiffy 'spifi

spit 'saliva' spit [spit spit or spat spaet

spigot 'spigat |-ed -id

spital 'spitl [Spitalfields 'spitljfildz

spikenard 'spaikna'd, -nard;

ES

-nad, -na:d.

spit

and image,

spit an'

image 'spitn'imids

{sometimes misapprehended as spittin' image

E-(--na:d
spile spail [spiled spaild

'spitn'imids)

spill spil [spilled spild or spilt spilt

See in full 3^7.

jbath baee;

spst, spyt; [-ed -id

spit 'stick' spit [spitted 'spitid

spike spaik spiked spaikt

Key:

[-s -iz

[-d-d

spitchcock 'spit/jkak; ES-t--jkDk; |-ed

-t

bee bi [pity V'ti (6) [rate ret jyet jet [sang saeg [angry 'asg-gri
[far far [watch wat/, wotj (12) [jaw d33 [gorge gDrds [go go

baO (10) [ah a

403

spite
spite spait |spited 'spaitid

-fal

[-ful

|-fully

springe

ES + jSpon-

spontaneity jspanta'niati;

spontaneous span'tenias; ES+spon-

-fah

ES

spitfire 'spitjfair;

spitful 'spitjful

ES + spon-

spontoon span'tun;

-d

-jfai3(r; |-d

spoof spuf spoofed spuft

-z

1-s

spook spuk, spuk

Spithead 'spit'hed ('Spitjhead 'route)

Spitsbergen 'spitsbygan;

ES

-bag-, -byg-

|-ed -t

spool spul [spooled spuld

spoon spun, spun

spittle 'spitl

compounds

spittoon spi'tun

[-ed -d

spun

is freq. in

like teaspoon,

spoondrift 'spun^drift

spitz spits spitzes 'spitsiz

I

Spitzbergen 'spitsbygan;
Spitzenburg,

ES

ES

'spitsn^byg;

-berg

Spooner 'spuna^;

-bsg-, -byg-jbsg,

ES

'spuna(r

spoonerism 'spuna^rizam
spoon-fed 'spun^fed, 'spun-

-,byg
splash splaej splashes 'splaejiz |-ed

ES

splatter 'splaeta';

spoonful 'spun^ful, 'spun-

-t

'splaet3(r; |-ed

-d

spoor spur, spor, spar;

splay sple |splayed spied |-foot -jfut

|-fuls -jfulz

spua(r, spoa(r,

sporadic spo'raedik, spa-; S spo-;

|-al -1 |-ally

-h, -ikh

splendent 'splendant

'spkndid |-diferous splen'difaras,

spore spor, spar;

ES

spoa(r, E-i-spaa(r; j-d

-d

-fras

ES

splendor 'spknda';
splenetic spli'netik

'spkndaCr; |-ed -d

ES spoat, E + spaat;
-sman |-smen -sman

sport sport, sport;

-id |-sman

|-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

Spotswood 'spats jwud; ES + 'spots-

j-al -1

ES + ^spntES +

splice splais |splices 'splaisiz |-d -t

Spotsylvania jspatsl'venja,

splint splint |sphnted 'sphntid

Spottiswood, -e 'spatisjwud, 'spats-;

'splint jbatam;

splint-bottom

ES-t--jbDt-;

ES

-d

|-ed

-t3(r;

|-ing

spousal 'spauzl

ES + 'spots-

|-ly -I

spouse spauz, spaus

'splintariij, -trnj \-y -i, -tri

[-s

-iz |-d -d, -t

spout spaut |spouted 'spautid

split split or splitted 'sphtid

split split

-sil-;

'spot-

Spottswood 'spatsjwud;

l-ed -d

'sphnta^;

|-ed

spot spat; ES-hspot; [-ted -id |-light -Jait

splenetive 'spknativ
splenic 'splenik, 'splin-

splinter

E+

spaa(r; |-ed -d

spleen splin |spleened splind

splendid

ES

splotch splat/; ES+splot/;

Sprague spreg, spreg

j-es -iz j-ed -t

ES spbds,

splurdge splyds;

splyds;

j-s

-iz

sprain spren [sprained sprend

sprang spraeg

l-d-d

ES 'spUtaCr; j-ed -d
'spafa'd; ES 'spafad, 'spof-

splutter 'spUta^;

sprat, S- spraet |spratted 'spraetid

Spofford

sprawl spral [sprawled sprald

spoiled spoild or spoilt spailt

spoil spail

spray Spre [sprayed spred

spoilsman 'spoilzman |-men -man

spread spred

Spokane spo'kaen
spoke /raw speak spok
spoke of a wheel spok spoked spokt
spokeshave 'spok^Jev
spokesman 'spoksman |-men -man

spread-eagle 'spredjigl |-d -d |-hng -^iglig,

-iigliO

spree spri [spreed sprid

sprier 'spraia^;

ES

'sprai'a(r; j-est -ist

sprig sprig [sprigged sprigd

spoliate 'spoli^et |-d -id j-tion jSpoli'efan

sprightly 'spraitli

spondaic span'de-ik; ES-i-spon-;

spring sprig [sprang spraeg or sprung sprArj

spondee 'spandi;
sponge spAnds

|-al -j

ES + 'spon-

|-s

[sprung sprAg

sponsion 'span/an; ES-i-'spon-

sponson 'spansn ;
sponsor 'spansa^;
[full

ES + 'sponES 'spansa(r,

ES

-jboad,

hau

[toy tai

springboard 'sprig^bord, -jbard;

-iz ]-d -d j-gy -i

E+-]baad
springbok 'sprig ,bak; ES-H-^bok
'spon-; [-ed -d

ful [tooth tuO [further 'fytJa^;

ES

springe sprinds

|-s

-iz |-d -d

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

(using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

'em 'kipm

springer

404

springer, S- 'spriga^;

ES

'spng3(r

stad holder
square-rigged

Springfield ^spng^fild

'skwea-,

'skwer 'ngd,

ES

springlialt 'sprig 'holt, -jhalt

squash skwaj, skwo/

springtime 'sprig^taim

squat skwat, skwot |-ted -id

|-tide -jtaid

|-es -iz j-ed -t

sprinkle 'sprigkl |-d -d |-ling -klig, -klig

squaw skwa
squawk skwak [squawked skwakt

sprinkling n, adj 'sprigklig

squeak skwik [squeaked skwikt

sprint sprint [sprinted 'sprintid

squeal skwil [squealed skwild

springy 'sprigi

sprit sprit

squeamish 'skwimij

sprite sprait

squeegee 'skwidsi, skwi'dsi

ES + 'sprnk-

sprocket 'sprakit;

ES

Squeers skwirz;

Sproul spraul

'skwaer-;

'skwaea-

|-d

skwiaz;

-d

|-'s

-iz

squeeze skwiz [squeezes 'skwiziz

|-d

-d

sprout spraut sprouted 'sprautid

squelch skwelt/ [squelches 'skwelt/iz |-ed

spruce, S- sprus, sprius

squib skwib [squibbed skwibd

-iz j-d -t

|-s

sprung sprAg

squid skwid [squidded 'skwidid

spry sprai

squill skwil

spud spAd [spudded 'spAdid

squint skwint [squinted 'skwintid

spue spju, spiu

spur spy;

squint-eyed 'skwint'aid ('squint-^eyed 'boy)

-d

|-d

spume spjum, spium

spun spAn
spunk spAgk

-t

|-d

squirearchy
|-ie,

ES

-i |-ed -t

sp3(r,

spurge spydj;

ES

spy;

ES

squire, S- skwair;

-d

skwaia(r;

Squires skwairz;

|-red -d
j-s

-iz |-d -d

Spurgeon 'spydsan; ES 'spsdj-, 'spyds-

-d

-jra:ki,

squirm skwym;

ES skwaiaz; ]-'s -iz

ES skwsm, skwym; [-ed

squirrel 'skwyal, skwyl, less freq.

ES

spurious 'spjurias, 'spiurias

'skwAral;

ES spsn, spyn; ]-ed -d

spurt spyt; ES sp3t, spyt; j-ed -id
sputter 'spAta^; ES 'spAtaCr; |-ed -d

skwsl, skwyl, 'skweral,

spurn spyn;

squirt skwyt;
St.

E+

E + -jglas,

-d

'skwiral,

'skwsral, 'skwAral, 'skwyal,

ES

less freq. 'skwiral

skwst, skwyt; |-ed -d

'Saint' stressed 'sent, jsent; unstr. sent,

sant, sint

|-ta -ta

Spuyten Duyvil 'spaitn'daivl

spy spai |spied spaid |-er -'s; ES
spyglass 'spaijglaes;

|-d

-^rarki

spsds, spyds;

sputum 'spjutam, 'spiutam

ES

'skwai^rorki;

sant

b' sint are rarer in

Amer

than in Engd, ivhere snt a' sn are also com-

mon.

-3(r

-^glas; |-es -iz

squab skwab, skwnb |-bed -d

squabble 'skwabl, 'skwobl |-d -d
-bhg

Words beginning with

listed alphabetically with

St.

= Saint

are

Saint words.

stab staeb [stabbed staebd

|-ling

-bhg,

Stabat Mater 'stabat'mata^,

'meta^;

ES

Eng L

'stebaet-

-ta(r

squad skwad, skwod |-ded -id

squadron 'skwadran, 'skwod- |-ed -d
squalid 'skwahd, 'skwnlsquall skwal squalled skwald |-y -i

stability sta'bilati, ste-

squalor 'skwala', 'skwnla',

stableman 'stebl^maen, -man [-men -jmen,

stabilization jStebla'zeJan, -ai'zstabilize 'stebl^aiz

ES

less freq. 'skwela^;

skwam, sk^vmn
squama 'skwema |-mae -mi |-mate -met
|-mose -mos |-mous -mas
s-

squander 'skwanda^, 'skwnn-;

-d |-ing -drig,

Squantum,
square,

S-

skwea(r;

Key:

s-

-d3(r; |-ed

-dang

skwer, skwaer;
|-d

ES

-d

stablish 'staebli/ |-es -iz [-ed -t

staccato sta'kato {It stak'karto)

stack staek [stacked staekt

stacte 'staekti

Stacy, -cey 'stesi

'skwantam, 'skwon-

-d |-head -/bed

See in full 3-47.

[bath bae6;

-iz [-d

-man

-l3(r

Squam,

|-s

stable 'stebl [-d -d |-ling 'steblig, -blig

skwa(r,

staddle 'staedl |-d -d [-Hng 'staedlig, -dlig

ES

stadholder 'staedjholda^;

ES

-jholda(r; jstadt-

'staet-

bee bl [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gn
ba6 (10) [ah a [far far [watch wat/, wot/ (12) [jaw dja [gorge gards [go go

Words below in which a

stadia 'stedia

before r (farm) is sounded

|-s

E + staf,

staf;

ES

|-'s

-s

-s |-ed -t

|-s

'staef ad;

stavz
|-shire

-Jir,

-;Xia(r, -Ja(r

Staffs short for Staffordshire staef s

staffs one pi of staff staef s;

E+stafs, stafs

ES

stamp staemp [stamped staempt

stampede staem'pid [-peded -'pidid
stance staens [stances 'staensiz

stanch

^stop^ staentj",

stanch

'firm''

E + -jkraft,

-a^d;

-ad

ES

ES

-dad-;

-iz

|-s

l-d-d
|-ed

'staega(r;

-d [-ing

standee staen'di

'staegarig, 'staegrig

standfast

staghound 'staeg^haund

-jfast

Stagira sta'dsaira

j-rite 'staedsa^rait

j-d -id [-tion

-iz

standoff 'staend pf, -jof

stagnant 'staegnant [-nancy -nansi

stagnate 'staegnet

[-'s

standoffish staend 'afij,

staeg'ne/an

stagy 'stedsi

standpat

-'DfiJ*

'staend^paet, 'staen- [-ter -a^;

standpipe 'staend^paip,

Am stirname stal {Gcr ftail)

Am surname stsr, staer; E

E + -jfast,

'staen-;

'staend^faest,

Standish 'staendij

staging 'stedsig

ES

staea(r

ES

-a(r

'staen-

standpoint 'stfend^paint,
sta(r,

'staen-

standstill 'staend;Stil, 'staen-

Stanfield 'staen ^fild [-ford -fa^d;

ES

-fad

Stanhope 'staenhop, 'staenap

staid sted
stain sten stained stend

Stanislas 'staenislas

stair ster, staer;

sta(r,

ES

staea(r; |-ed -d

|-case -jkes |-way -jwe

stakeholder 'stek^holda-;

|-'s

-iz

Stanislaus Cat jstaenis'lau

stank 'staegk

stake stek [staked stekt

Stanley, -ly 'staenb

ES

stannary 'staenari

-jholda(r

stalactite sta'laektait |-lagmite -'laegmait

stannic 'staenik

stale stel staled steld

stannum 'staenam

stalemate 'stel^met

Stanton 'staentan

|-d -id

[-nous 'staenas

Stalin 'stabn, 'stalin j-grad -^graed, -igrad

Stanwix 'staenwiks

Stalinsk sta'linsk

stanza 'staenza [stanzaed 'staenzad

[-'s

-iz

stalk stak [stalked stakt |-y -i

stapes 'stepiz

Stalky 'staki, 'stalki

staple 'stepl [-d -d |-ling 'stepbg,

stall stal [stalled staid

stapler 'stepla^;

Staples 'stepiz

stallion 'staeljan

stalwart 'stalwart;

ES

'stalwat

star star;

Stambaugh 'staemba

ES

ES
|-'s

-iz

sta:(r; [-red

-d

ES

'star^boad.

E-h-jbaad

ES

stamen 'steman [stamened 'stemand

Stamford 'staemfa^d; ES 'staemfad
stamina 'staemana

stare str, staer;

staminate adj 'staemanit, -^net

stargaze

ful [tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

-phg

'stepla(r

starboard 'star^bord, -jbard;

Stambul, -boul stam'bul, staem-

[full

ES

standardization ^staenda^da'zefan, -ai'z-;

stand-by 'staendjbai, 'staen^bai

ES

stagger 'staega^;

Stahr

[-d -t

[-es -iz [-ed -t

stantj, less freq. staentj"

standardize 'staenda-d,aiz;

-jkraft

'stedsaCr

stagey 'stedsi

Stahl

stantj

jstaendad-

|-es -iz

stagecraft 'stedsikraeft;

'8taema(r; [-ed -d [-ing

stand staend [stood stud |-ard

stage steds stages 'stedsiz staged stedsd

stager 'stedsa^;

ES

'staema^;

with a (fa:m)

[-d -id

stanchion 'staen/an, -tjan [-ed -d

stag staeg |stagged staegd

stagecoach 'steds^kotj

pronounced in

'staemang, 'staemrig

E + stavz,

|staves stevz, staevz;

Stafford 'staefa^d;

often

stammer

-z |-dia -dia

Stael stal, 'stael {Fr stal)

staff staef;

a are

staminate v 'staema^net

-z

|-s

stadium 'stediam

->; ES

stargaze

405

stadia

ES

starch start/;

start/; [-es -iz j-ed -t

stea(r, ES staea(r; j-d -d

ES 'sta:-; |-'s -iz
'star^gez; ES 'sta:-; [-s -iz |-d -d

starfish 'star^fij;

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


stark

406

Words below in which a

stark stark;

ES

before r (farm) is

sounded a are often pronounced in

Stavanger

sta:k; |-ed -t

ES sta:k
starlet 'starlit; ES 'sta:lit
starlight 'starjait; ES 'sta:-;
starling 'starlig; ES 'stariig
starlit adj 'star^lit; ES 'sta:-;
Starr star; ES sta:(r

sta'vaega^, sta'vaga^;

with a (fa:in)

ES

-a(r

stave 'break' stev |staved stevd or stove stov

Stark, -ke stark;

stave n stev
|-ed -id

staves pi of staff, stave stevz, staevz; E-t-

|-ten -ilitn

stay ste stayed sted or arch, staid sted

stavz, stavz
|

stead sttd steaded 'stedid

|

steadfast 'sted^faest, -fast; E+-^fast, -^fast

starry 'stari

star-spangled 'star/Spaeggld;
start start;

stellate

ES

startle 'start!;

ES

steady 'stedi [steadied 'stedid

'star-

steak stek

sta:t; |-ed -id

ES

|-ling -tkg,

-d

'sta:tl; |-d

steal stil |stole stol jstolen 'stolan or arch.

stohi stoln

-tjig

ES

starvation star've/an;
starve starv;

ES

stealth 'stele \-y

star-

ES

starveling 'starvlig;

'stazvlig

steamer-rug

stated 'stetid

-ih
[-ship -j/ip

steam-engine adj 'stim^endsan

stasis 'stasis |stases 'stesiz

Stassen 'staesn
state stet

-i |-ily -all,

steam stim j-ed -d |-boat -jbot

steam engine n 'stim'siidsan

sta:v; |-d -d |-dly -idli

statecraft 'stetjkrft;

E + -jkraft,

Statehouse 'stet^haus

[-scs -ziz

ES

'stiraa^^rAg;

'stima^rAg

steamtight 'stim'tait ('steam-tight

|-ly -li |-dly -idli

'joint)

stearic sti'aenk, 'stirik

-jkraft

stearin 'stiarin, 'stirin

ES

Staten Island 'staetn'ailand

Stearn, -e styn;

stateroom 'stet^rum, -jrum

stedfast 'sted^faest, -fast; E-t--jfast, -^fast

statesman 'stetsman |-men -man

|-ly -li
I

|-like

-Jaik

stsn, styn;

j-s

-z ]-s's -ziz

steed stid
steel stil steeled stild |-less 'stillis

-ship -Jip

state-wide 'stet'waid ('state-jwide 'tour)

Steele stil

static 'staetik |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

steelyard

'stiljVd,

station 'stejan |-ed -d |-ing 'stejanig, -Jnig

'stilja:d;

|-s

stationary 'stejanjcri

common

use,

stationer 'ste/ana^, 'ste/na^;

ES

'stilja^dz

-iia(r

'stiljjard;

M lien

-z

ES

'stiljad,

steelyards

was usual; 'stiljardz

is

a spelling

pronunciation.

stationery 'ste/anjeri

steep stip [steeped stipt

statist 'stetist
statistic sta'tistik

|-s

-s j-al -I |-ally -li, -ikli

steepen 'stipan |-ed -d |-ing 'stipnig, -panig

statistician jstaeta'stijan

steeple 'stipl |-d -d |-ling -plig, -plig

Statins 'ste/ias

steeplechase 'stipl^tjes

stator 'steta^;

|-'s

ES

-iz

statoscope 'stajta^skop

ES

steer stir;

statue 'staetju |-d -d

Steevens 'stivanz

statuesque jstietju'ssk

Stefansson 'stefansn

statuette jStaetJu'Et

ES

Steffens 'stefanz
'staetJaCr; |-d

status 'stetas, 'staetas

Steger

-d

Va

'staentan;

See in full 3^7.

|bath baeG;

-iz

'stiga(r

|-es -iz j-ed -t

Ind,

III,

-iz

Engd

stele 'pillar'

'stili

Stella, S- 'stela |-lar -la^;

ES

-la(r

stellate 'stelit, -let

bee bi [pity

baG (10) |ah a

|-'s

stele 'arrow shaft' stil

S -^tori

'stantan, 'stontan, 'stantan

Key:

|-'s

Steinmetz 'stainmets
-jtari;

staunch stantj, stontj, stantj

Staunton

ES

-iz

|-'s

stein stain

'staetas-

statute 'staetjut |-d -id

statutory 'staetXujtori,

'stiga^;

|-sman -zman

stegomya jStega'maia

|-es -iz

quo 'stetas'kwo,

-iz |-d -t

stia(r, S-i-sta(r;

Ismen -zman

stature 'staet/a';

|-s

steepleless 'stipllis

'steta(r

statuary 'staetJujEri

status

were in

normal

plionetically

the

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet [sang sasg |angry 'ieg-gri

far |watch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

stem
stem stem stemmed stemd

Sterne styn;

'stemVainda',

stem-winder

ES

-^wainda' ;

stench stentj

E+-jgraf,

'stenajgraef;

-mast;

-'for-,

E^-'faa-mast;

'styn^most,

ES

'stsn-,

'styn-

stencil 'stensl l-ed -d 1-ing -slig, -slig

stenograph

stsn, styn

jStyn'formost,

jStsn'foa-, ^styn-,

sternmost

|-es -iz |-ed -t

ES

sternforemost

ES

-d3(r

- igraf;

sternness 'stynnis;

ES 'stsn-, 'stynES 'stsn-, 'stynES 'stsn-, 'styn-;

sternpost 'styn^post;

|-ed -t

ES

stenographer sta'nagrafa^, -'nog-;

|-phy

Stikine

407

-f3(r;

sternum 'stynam;

stenographic jstena'graefik

-1

|-al

1-ally

-h.

sterol 'sterol, -al, -d1

ES

stertorous 'sts^taras;

-ikh
Stentor 'stentar;

ES

stethoscope 'steea/skop

-t33(r

stethoscopic ^steOa'skapik;

stentorian sten'torion, -Har-; S -'tor-

-1 l-ally

step step [stepped stept

stepbrother 'stepjbrA^a';

ES

-drin, -da^n;

ES

-/t/ildran.

ES + -'Ods'stiu-,

ES -^dataCr
ES -jfa?Ja(r,

'step^faSa^;

US

Steuben

E+

|-ville

places stju'ben, stiu-, stu-

stevedore 'stiva^dor, -jdar;

ES

-jdoa(r,

Stephano

Tempest

M.

'stefajno,

oj

Ven.

Stevens 'stivanz

-iz |-on 'stivansn

j-'s

stew stju, stiu, stu |-ed -d

sta'fano

Stephen 'stivan
Stephen ville

|-s

steward, S- 'stjuwa^d, 'stiu-, 'stu-;

-z |-son -sn

Stewart

+ -vl

'stivan^vil; S

ES -jlaedaCr
ES -jHiAtJaCr

stepladder 'stepjaeda';

'stjua^t, 'stiu-, 'stu-;

stewpan 'stju^paen,
Steyn stain

stepmother 'step^mA'Sa';

-ad

stibium 'stibiam

-/paer-, -iper-

wood

stick of

steppingstone 'stepig^ston

stick 'staV stik [stuck stAk

stepsister 'step^sista^ ;

ES

stik Jsticked stikt

stickit 'stikit

-iSist3(r

stickle 'stikl [-d -d |-Hng 'stikhg, -klig

stepson 'stepjSAn

stickleback 'stikl^baek

sti3(r

stereopticon

ES

-at

'stiu-, 'stu-

steppe step

ES

ES

Steyne stin

Stepney 'stepni
stepparent 'step^perant,

jsteri'aptikan,

^stiri-;

ES +

ES

stickler 'stikla^;

'stikla(r

Stickney 'stikm

-'op-

stickpin 'stik^pin

stereoscope 'steri3jskop, 'stiriastereoscopic

-'sknp-;

jsteria'skapik,

^stiria-;

ES +

Stieghtz 'stiglits

|-'s

-iz

sties staiz

|-al -1 j-ally -li, -ikli

stereoscopy jSteri'askapi, jStin-;

ES + - 'ds-

stereotype 'steri3itaip, 'stiria- [-d

-t

stiff stif [stiffed stift

stiffen 'stifan |-ed -d j-ing 'stifanig, -fnig

stereotypy 'steria^taipi, 'stiria-

stiff-necked 'stif'nekt ('stifi-jnecked 'ox)

sterile 'steral, -il

stifle 'staifl [-d

-d [-ling 'staifhg, -flig

sterility sta'ribti, ste-

stigma 'stigma

|-s

sterilization jStEr3la'zeJ"3n, -ai'z-

stigmatic stig'maetik

sterihze 'sterajaiz

stigmatization jstigmata'ze/an, -ai'z-

sterling, S- 'stylig;

stern, S- styn;
[full ful

E+

-idaa(r

-jfa(53(r

stere stir;

'stu-

-;Vll

stepdaughter 'step^data^;
stepfather

|-al

Stetson 'stetsn

Steuben Baron 'stjubin,

-dran, -drin, -dan

stepdame 'stepjdem

ES + 'skop-;

-h, -ikh

stethoscopy ste'Baskapi;

-jbrAtiaCr

[-children

'stepjtjaild

'sts-, 'sty-

stet stet Istetted 'stetid

stent stent |stented 'stentid

stepchild

-z

|-s

|-na -na

-fi

ES

|-s

-iz |-d -d

ES

-mata

[-al -1 [-ally -li,

stigmatize 'stigma^taiz

'sts-, 'sty-

[-s

-iz [-d

-ikh

-d

Stikine sti'kin

stan, sts'n

[tooth tuG [further 'fytSa';

-z |-mata

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipni

stone-deaf

408

stile

stithy

stile stall

Stiles stailz

|-'s

-d

stiletto sti'kto j-ed

stoa, S- 'stoa

'staiva(r

-z [stoae 'stoi

ES+stnk; |-ed -t
ES + stok-; |-aded
Stockbridge 'stakbrids; ES + 'stok-;

stock stak;

stilled stild
I

ES -^bsG, -^3^6; |-ths -Gs

'stil'barn; ES -'bDan; ('still-born

stillbirth 'stil,bye;

stillborn

ES

|-s

stoat stot

Stilicho 'stilijko
still stil

'sti'Si, 'stiGi

stiver 'staiv;

-iz

stockade stak'ed;

stockbroker 'stak^broka^;

'hopes)

stockholder

adj

'still

stilly

adv

'stilli

'stak^holda^

ES

'stakjliolda(r,

'stok-

ES + 'stokES + jStnk-

Stockholm 'stak^hom, -jhobn;

Stilton 'stiltn

stockinet jStakin'et;

stimie 'stainu |stimied 'staimid

stocking 'stakig;

Stimson 'stimsn, 'stimpsn

stimulance 'stimjabns |-cy

stocking-feet 'stakig ^f it;

-i |-lant

-lant

stimulation jstimja'lejan

stimulus 'stimjalas

ES + 'stnk-; [-ed -d
ES + 'stok'stakman, -,msen; ES + 'stnk-;

stockman,

|-men -man, -jmn

|-d -id [-tive -iv

stimulate 'stimJ3jlet

Stockport 'stakjport, -jpart;

|-es -iz ]-li

-Jai

stock-still 'stak'stil;

[stung stAij or arch, stang

staeij

ES + 'stok-

ES

'stakja:d, 'stok-,

E + -ja:d

'stii)3jri, jstiija'ri

Stoddard 'stada^d;

-iz |-d -d jstingeing -iq

ES -d33(r
ES 'stigaCr

ES

'stadad, 'stnd-

stinger ^who siinges' 'stindsa^;

stodgy 'stad3i; ES-i-'stodsi

stinger 'what stings' 'stiga^;

stogie, -gy 'stogi

stingy 'miserly' 'stindji

Stoic, s- 'sto-ik j-al -I [-ally -li, -ikli

Stoicism,

stingy 'stinging' 'stigi

stigk

stink

stunk stAgk or stank staegk

|stunk stAgk

s-

'sto'i^sizam

stoke, S- stok [stoked stokt

Stoke Poges 'stok'podsis,

stinkpot 'stigkjpat; ES+-iPDt

stint

stmt [stinted

'stak^poat,

Stockton 'staktan; ES-t-'stokstockyard 'stakjard;

|stung stAg

|-s

ES

'stnk-, E-H-ipaat

stimy 'staimi jstimied 'staimid

stinge stinds

-iz

|-'s

-iz

Stokes stoks

'stintid

|-'s

-iz

Stokowski sto'kafski, -'kavski, -'kn-

stipe staip |stiped staipt

stole stol jstoled stold

stipel 'staipl

stolen 'stolan, stoln {nonsyllab-ic n)

stipend 'staipend [-iary stai'pendijtri

stoHd 'stahd; ES-h'stol-

stipple 'stipl |-d -d j-ling -plig, -plig

stolidity sta'lidati

stipulate adj 'stipjalit, -^let

stoln stoln {nonsyllabic n)

stipulate v 'stipjajlet j-lated -Jetid

stolon 'stolan; ES-f-on

stipulation jstipja'le/an

stoma 'stoma

stipule 'stipjul |-d -d

sty;

ES

st3(r,

Stirling 'stylig;

ES

-S^;

stirrup

'sts-, 'sty-;

-shire -i/ir,

ES

'styap,

'sterap;

'stirap,

'stsrap, 'styap, 'sterap; S 'stsrap, 'stArap,

stitj"

Key:

See in ftdl 3-47.

[bath baeO;

-a^;

ES

-a(r

bee bi [pity

baO (10) jah a

[far

'stc-:

stomp stamp, stnmp, stamp

stone, S- ston [-ed -d; \NEngd+si!6n {46)

ES

-,kAta(r

stone-deaf 'ston'def ('stone-,deaf 'adder)

[stitches 'stitjiz |-ed -t

stomach 'stAmak [-ed -t [-er

stomach-ache 'stAmak^ek

stonecutter 'stonjkAta^;

'stirap, 'styap, 'stsrap

stitch

'stam-; ES-f

ES + 'stom-

stsps, styps; |-pes -piz

'stirap,

'stomata,

stomatoscope sto'maetajskop, 'stamata-,

-Ji3(r, -X3(r

stirps styps;

|-ta

'stom-

sty; |-red -d

ES

[-ges'

-d3iz

stipate 'staipet

stir

-iz

'stakjbroka(r,

stilt stilt [stilted 'stiltid

stingaree

|-'s

ES

'stok-

Stillson 'stilsn
stilly

sting stig

-'edid

'piti

(6) [rate ret jyet jet [sang saeg [angn,' 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj,

wotj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards jgo go

stratagem

409

Stoneham

stout, S- staut

Stoneham ^stonsm
Stonehenge 'stonhEnds, -'hfinds
stonemason 'ston^mes^, -'mesn^

|-'s

-iz

stouten 'stautn |-ed -d |-ing

-ti;iig,

|-ry

-n

stouthearted 'staut'hartid;

ES

-'hait-;

stonewall adj 'stoujwal

-tnig

-'ha:t-,

Stonewall 'ston^wDl

stove stov |stoved stovd |-pipe -ipaip

stonewall v jStonVal |-ed -d

stow sto stowed stod

stone wall 'ston'wal

Stow, -e sto, Scotl stau

stonework 'ston^w^k;

ES

stowaway 'stoa^we

-^wsk, -^ws'k

strabismal stra'bizml

Stonington 'stonigtan
stony 'stem;

|-age -ids

ES + 'ston-; |-es -iz

NEngd+^siUm

stonish 'stani/;

E+

'stout jhearted 'lass)

|-ly -i

strabismic stra'bizmik

1-ed -t

[-al -1

strabismus stra'bizmas

Strabo 'strebo

stood stud
stooge stud5 stooges ^studsiz

Strachan stran

stook stuk, stuk |-ed

Strachey

-t

'stret/i

straddle 'straedl j-d -d |-ling -dhij, -dlig

stool stul |stooled stuld

Stradivarius jStraeda'vErias, -'ver-

stoop stup stooped stupt

|-'s

-iz

stop stop;

ES + stop;

strafe stref , straf {Ger 'Jtrarfa)

|-ped -t

ES + 'stopikok

stopcock 'stapikak;

Strafford 'straefa^d;

ES

'straefad

stope stop Istoped stopt

Straggle 'strasgl |-d -d |-ling -glig,

ES + 'stnpstopover 'stap^ova^; ES 'stap/0V9(r, 'stnpstoppage 'stapids; ES + 'stnp-; |-s -iz

stopple 'stapl; ES + 'stopl; |-d -d [-ling -plig,

straggly 'straegb

stopgap 'stapjgaep;

-ghg

straight stret |straighted 'stretid

straightaway 'streta^we
straightedge 'stretjeds

|-s

-iz |-d -d

straighten 'stretn j-ed -d |-ing -tnig, -tnig

-pin)

storage ^stondj, 'stor-; S 'stor-;

store stor, star;

storehouse

E+^st3a-;

ES

sto3(r,

|-d

ES

'star-;

'stor^liaus,

straightforward jstret'farwa^d;

|-s -iz

E + st33(r;

-d

'stoa-,

ES

-'faawad;

('straightjforward 'style)

straight-grained

'stret'grend

('straight-

igrained 'oak)

|-ses -ziz

storekeeper 'storjkipa^, 'star-;

ES

'sto3jkipa(r,

E + 'st33-

straight-out

'stret^aut

straight-out adj 'stret'aut

storeroom 'storirum,

ES

-itum;

'star-,

'stoa-,

straightway 'stretjwe
strain stren [strained strend |-edly -idli, -db

E+'stDSstorey, S- ^stori, 'stan; S 'stori; |-ed -d

strait stret

storied ^storid, 'stand; S 'storid

straiten 'stretn |-ed -d |-ing -tnig, -tnig

storiette ^ston^Et, jstari-;

stork stark;

ES

strake strek |straked strekt

staak

storm, S- starm;

ES staam;

ES

Storthing, -ting

staaz;

|-'s

'storitiij,,

strand, S- straend [stranded 'straendid

|-ed -d

Stormonth 'starmanG, -mAnd;

Storrs starz;

strait-laced 'stret'lest ('strait-Jaced 'sect)

jstori-

ES

strange, S- strends |Strange's 'strendsiz

'staam-

stranger 'strendsa*;

iz

ES

'star-;

'stoa-,

E + 'staa-

jtla(r,

S 'ston;

'stori^tEla^,

|-ied

'stan-;

strangulation jstraeggja'lejan

-d

ES

'ston-

E + 'stan-

'staur-,

'stua-, 'staua-, 'sts-, 'sty-;

[full

ES

-bsg, -byg {Fr

stras'bu:r, straz-; Ger 'Jtra:sburk)

stound staund jstounded 'staundid

stoup stup
'sturbrids,

strap straep [strapped straept

Strasbourg 'straesbyg;

Stoughton 'stotn

Stourbridge

-dsaCr; |-ed -d

strangulate 'straeggjajlet |-lated -jletid

story, S- 'stori, ^ston;

storyteller

ES

strangle 'straeggl |-d -d |-ling -gbg, -glig

l-'s

Strasburg
loc.

'sis'-;

ES

ES

US

'straesbyg;

'fstJa

ES

-bsg^

-byg;

'strazbyg

strata 'streta, 'straeta

stratagem 'straetadjain

-iz

ful [tooth tue [further 'fytSa^;

-\-

|-gist -dsist [-gy -dsi

[custom 'kAStam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'vi5an [Eden 'id^ [cradle 'kred] [keep

'em

tai

'kipip

410

strategic
strategic stra'tldsik |-al -1 |-ally -h, -ikli

Stratford 'straetfsrd;

ES

Stratford-on-Avon

'straetfa^dan'evan,

-an-;

ES

-on-,

Stretford 'stretfa^d;

ES

-t

'stretfad

strew stru, striu [-ed -d [-ed -d or -n -n

-fad-

striate adj 'straiit, -et

Strathclyde straeO'klaid |-cona -'kona

ES

Strathmore straeO'mor, -'mar;

US

stress stres [stresses 'stresiz |-ed -t

stretch stret/ [stretches 'strt/iz [-ed

'straetfad

strath straee |-ths -Os

E+-'maa(r;

strongish

striate v 'straiet |-d -id [-tion strai'ejan

-'moa(r.

&" attrib. 'Strath/more

stricken 'strikan [-ness 'strikamus

Strickland 'strikland

strathspey, S- straeO'spe, 'straeG^spe

strickle 'strikl [-d -d [-hng -klig, -klig

stratification jStraetafa'ke/an

strickler 'strikla^;

stratiform 'straetajfarm;

ES

stricture 'striktJV;

stratify 'strasta^fai |-fied -jfaid

stratigraphic jStraeta'graefik

ES

[-al -I

'strikla(r

strict strikt [ly -ktli, -kli

-jfaara

|-ally -li.

-ikk

ES

'striktXa(r; |-d -d

stride straid [strode strod [stridden 'stridn

stridence 'straidns [-cy

[-dent -dnt

-i

stratigraphy stra'tigrafi

stridulate 'stridsa^let [-lated -^letid

Stratton 'straetn

stridulation jStridsa'le/an

Strato 'streto

strife straif

ES -jsfia(r.

stratosphere 'straeta^sfir, 'streta-;

S + -jsfEa(r

strike straik [struck strAk [struck strAk or

stricken 'strikan

stratospheric jstrteta'sferik, ^streta-

strikebreaker 'straikjbreka^;

stratum 'stretam,

Strindberg

'strast- |-ta -ta \-s -z

'strmdbs^g,

ES

-jbreka(r

'strinb-;

ES

straught strat

string strig [strung strAg

Straus, -ss straus

|-'s

stringed adj strigd

-iz {Ger ftiavs)

Stravinski stra'vmski

stringency 'strindsansi [-gent -dsant

straw stra |strawed strad

stringhalt 'strig'halt, -jhalt

strawberry 'strajberi, -ban

strawboard

-bsg.

-byg

stratus 'stretas strati 'stretai

'stra^bord,

stringhalted 'strig'haltid ('string^halted 'nag)

ES

-^bard;

-^boad.

E+-jbaad

stringpiece 'strig^pis

[-s

-iz

stringy 'strigi

strawy 'straa

strip strip [stripped stript

stray stre [strayed stred

stripe straip [striped straipt

streak strik [streaked strikt

striped adj 'straipid, straipt

streaked adj 'strikid, strikt

stripling 'striplig

stream strim streamed strimd

]-let

-ht

stripper 'stripa^;

ES

'stripa(r

streamline 'strimjlain |-hned -jlaind

stripy 'straipi

Streatham 'strEtam

strive straiv [strove strov or strived straivd

Streator

'strita^;

ES

[striven 'strivan or strived straivd or rarely

'strita(r

street, S- strit |streeted 'stritid

Streitberg 'straitbyg;

ES

strove strov

-bsg, -byg; {Ger

Iftraitberk)

stroboscopic

strength stregke, stroO |-ths -Os

'sknp-; [al

strengthen 'strEgkOan, 'stregO- |-ed -d |-ing

-Ganig, -Gnig

ES + -'nsati

strenuous 'strtnjuas

|-cci

^straba'skapik;

ES+iStroba-

-1

stroboscopy stro'baskapi; ES-j--'bDSstrode, S- strod

strenuosity jstrenju'asati;

streptococcus

stroboscope 'strobajskop

jStrEpta'kakas;

stroke strok [stroked strokt

stroll strol [strolled strold

ES + -'kDk-;

-ksai

strong, S- strag, strog; S+strag; [-er -ga^;

Stresa 'streza, 'streza (It 'streiza)

stronghold 'strag,hold, 'strog-; S + 'strag-

Stresemann 'strezaman (Ger lftre:za,man)

strongish 'stragij, 'strog-; S + 'strag-

Key:

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeG;

ES

-ga(r; [-est -gist

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angrs- 'aeg-gn
baG (10) [ah a [far far [watch watj, wotj (12) [jaw dja [gorge gards jgo go

strong-minded

subalternate

411

Words formed with sub-

&

often shift their accent for contrast ('editor

strong-minded 'strag'maindid, 'strog-; S +

'sub^editor)

stun stAn [stunned stAnd

stung stAg

'strag-

strontia 'stranjia;

ES + 'stron-;

|-ium

-m

stunk stAgk

strook struk
strop strap;

stunt stAnt [stunted 'stAntid

ES+ strop;

1-ped

stupe stjup, stiup, stup

-t

strophe 'strofi

stupefacient

strophic 'strafik, 'strof-;

ES + 'strof-;

|-d -t

jStjupa'fefant,

jStiu-,

^stu-

-faction -'faekjan

|-al -1
I

stupefy 'stjupajfai,

-ally -h, -ikli

'stiu-, 'stu- [-fied -jfaid

Strother

'stratSa^;

ES

stupendous stja'pendas,

'strat53(r, 'strotj-

Stroud straud |-sburg -zbyg;

ES -zbsg, -zbyg

stupid 'stjupid,

stiu-, stu-

'stiu-, 'stu-

strove strov

stupidity stju'pidati, stiu-, stu-

strow stro |strowed strod |strown stron or

stupor

strowed strod

sturdy 'stydi;

stroy stroi |stroyed stroid

ES

'stjupa^, 'stiu-, 'stu-;

ES

Sturbridge 'stybrids;

ES

-pa(r

'sts-, 'sty-; |-'s -iz

'st3-,

'sts^-;

[-dily -dli,

-dih

struck strAk
structural 'stTAktJaral |-ly

structure 'strAkt/a^;

ES

struggle 'stTAgl |-d -d

-i

'strAktJaCr; |-d -d

-ghg, -glig

-ling

sturgeon, S- 'sts^dsan;

ES

Sturgis 'stydsis, 'sts-,

'sts^-; |-'s -iz

ES

stutter 'stAta^;

struggler 'strAgIa;

ES

'stAta(r

Stuttgart 'stAtga^t, -gart;

'strAglaCr

'sts-, 'sty-

ES

-gat, -ga:t {Ger

strum stiAm strummed strAmd

strumpet 'stiAmpit j-ed -id

Stuyvesant 'staivasnt

strung sttAg

sty stai [sties staiz [stied staid

'/tutgart)

stye stai

strut strAt strutted 'strAtid

[sties,

styes staiz

Struthers 'strAcSa^z;

ES

'strA^iSz;

|-'s

Stygian 'stidsian

-iz

Strutt strAt

style stall [styled staild

strychnin, -e 'striknin |-nic -nik

styleless 'stailbs

Stuart

'stjua't,

ES

'stm-, 'stu-;

[-list -ist

stylistic stai'listik |-al -1 [-ally -li,

-at

stub stAb [stubbed stAbd

stubbed adj 'stAbid, stAbd

Stylites stai'laitiz [-tes' -tiz

stubble 'stAbl |-d -d j-ling 'stAbbg, -blig

stylize 'stailaiz

stubbly 'stAbb, 'stAbli

stylus 'stailas [styluses 'stailasiz

ES

[-s

-iz [-d -d

stymie 'staimi

[-d

stubby 'stAbi

styptic 'stiptik

[-al -1

stucco 'stAko [stuccoed 'stAkod

Styria 'stiria |-n -n

stubborn 'stAba^n;

'stAban; [-ness -nis

-d

stuck stAk

Styx stiks

stuck-up 'stAk'Ap ('stuck-jUp 'manner)

suable 'suabl, 'siu-, 'sju- |-bly -bli

stud stAd [studded 'stAdid

Studebaker 'stjudajbeka^,

[-'s

-iz |-ian -lan

suasion 'swesan [suasive 'swesiv

'stiu-,

'stu-;

ES

suave swav, swev

[-vity 'swaevati,

sub- prefix, stressed 'sAb-, jSAb-; unstr. sab-;

'stiu-, 'stu-

studied 'stAdid

The accent mark

studio 'stjudijO, 'stiu-, 'stu- [-ious -las

partly accented SAb- before

study 'stAdi [studied 'stAdid

lable.

is

usually omitted from

stufE stAf [stuffed stAft [-y -i

subacid SAb'aesid ('subjacid

stultification jStAltafa'ke/an

subalpine SAb'aelpain, -pin

stultify 'stAltajfai |-fied -,faid

subaltern

stumble 'stAmbl

|-d

-d [-ling -bhg, -blig

stump stAmp [stumped stAmpt

[full

'swav-

sub SAb

-a(r

student 'stjudnt,

-ikb

stylite 'stailait [-tism -jizam

ful [tooth tue [further 'fs'Sa^;

sab'alta^n,

'fstJa

syl-

'juice)

/ogic-i-'sAbljtyn;

ES

-'altan, -jtsn, -jtyn

subalternate sab'alta^nit,

ES

an accented

-'ael-;

ES

-ta-

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

tai

[Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Words formed with subsubalternating sabblt^jnetig,

ES

ES

subarctic
-'a:-,

-^ael-,

sublimation ^SAbb'meJan

sublime sa^blaim

-d

|-d

subliminal sAb'hm3n|, -'lann-

-'aek-

now

sAb'arktik,

'subjcditor)

sublimate v 'sAbbiinet |-mated -^rnetid

-ta-

-ta-

subaqueous sAb'ekwias,

&

often shift their accent for contrast ('editor

-'ael-;

subalternation sabplta^'nejan, ^SAbalt*-,

-ael-;

substandard

412

subalternating

ES

rare -^art-;

E + -'a:-

|-ly -I

sublimity sa'bhmati

sublunar sAb'luna^,

-'Iru-;

ES

-n3(r; |-y-i

subaudible SAbbdabl

submarginal SAb'mordsinl; ES-'ma:-;

|-ly-i

subbase 'sAb^bes

\-s

'life)

subbass 'sAb^bes

|-es -iz

submarine adj jSAbma'rin ('submajrine

submarine n, v 'sAbma^rin |-d -d

-iz

subclass 'sAbjklaes; E+-jklas, -^klas;

|-es -iz

|-ed -t

subcommittee 'sAbkajiniti
subconscious SAb'kanJas; ES+-'kDn-

|-d -t |-sion -Jan,

subcontract n SAb'kantraekt; ES+-'kDnsubcontract

submerge sab'mydj; ES -'msds, -'myds;

|-s -IZ |-d -d |-gence -dsans
submerse sab'mys; ES -'mas, -'ms'S; |-S -iz
-3an

submission sab'mi/an

submit sab'mit

jSAbkan'trskt |-ed -id

|-sive

-'misiv

1-ted -id j-tal -{

subcutaneous /SAbkju'tenias, -kiu-

subnormal SAb'nannl; ES -'naaml

subdeacon sAb'dikan |-ate -it |-ess

subdean SAb'din |-ery -an, -'dinri
subdeb SAb'deb

suborder sAb'arda^, 'sAbprda^;

-is j-ry -ri

subordinate n,

subdebutante SAbjdebju'tant, jSAbdeb-, SAb-

jSAbdaVaid

[-d

(diVide

-id

&

adj

ES

subplot 'sAbjplat;

-'diu, -'du j-d -d |-dly -dh,

subedit SAb'edit |-ed -id |-or

subgroup n 'sAb^grup
subgroup V SAb'grup |-ed

-a^;

ES

-T)aad-; |-d -id

ES

ES
ES + -jplDt

subornation jSAbar'neJan;

-idli

-jboad-

jSAboa-

subpoena, -pena sa'pina, sab^pins |-ed -d

sub rosa sAb'roza
subscribe sab'skraib |-d -d

-3(r

subscript 'sAbskript
subscription sab'skripjan |-tive -trv

-t

subhead 'sAbjhed

subsection SAb'sek/an, 'sAb^sek/an

subjacency SAb'dsesnsi |-cent -snt

subsequence

subject n, adj 'sAbdsikt

'sAbsi^kwens,

-kwans

|-ive

subserve sab'syv;

ES

subjectivity ^SAbdjek'tivati

ES

-'ssv-, -'s3^v-;

|-cy -I |-ient -lant

subjoin sab'dsDin |-ed -d

subside sab'said

sub-jugate adj sAb'd5ugit, -'djiu-

subsidence sab'saidns, 'sAbsadans

subjugate

subsidiary sab'sidi^eri

'sAbdsajget |-gated -]getid

subjugation jSAbdsa'ge/an

j-d -id

subsidize 'sAbsa^daiz

|-s

-iz |-d -d |-dy -di

subkingdom SAb'kigdam, ^SAb^kigdam

subsistence sab'sistans |-cy

subsoil 'sAbjsail |-ed -d

sublet SAb'let

-iz

subsolar sAb'sola^;

|-s -iz |-d -t

('let

&

ES

substance 'sAbstans

substandard SAb'staenda^d;

See in fidl 3-A7.

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

-ant

-'sola(r

sublimate w, adj 'sAblamit, -^met

|bath baee;

-i [-ent

subspecies SAb'spiJiz, 'sAb^spi/iz, -Jiz

'subjlet)

Sublette sa'blet

Key:

-iz

subsist sab'sist |-ed -id

|-tive -tiv

sublease n 'sAbjlis
sublease v SAb'Hs

|-s

subsidization /SAbsada'ze/an, -ai'z-

subjunct n 'sAbdsAijkt

j-s

-i

-'s3v, -'syv; |-d -d

subservience sab'syvians;

-IV

subjunction sab'dsAgkJan

|-cy

|-nt -nt

subject V sab'dsekt |-ed -id |-ion -k/an

ES

-'baan; |-ed -d

subduct sab'dAkt

subdue sabMju,

ES

subordination sajbardn'ejan;

subdivision jSAbda^vijan, 'sAbda^visan

-kjan

-dmt;

sa'bordjntit,

suborn sa'bam, sa-;

'subdijvide)

|-ed -id j-ction

-badaCr,

-'baad-

subordinate v sa'bardnjct;

MebJ3jtaent

subdivide

ES

-pa-

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret

far |watch wat/,

wot/

|j'et

|-s

-iz

ES -dad

JEt |sang saeg |angrj' 'aeg-gri

(12) |jaw dsa Igorge gards |go go

413

substantial

Words fo) med with subsubstantial sab'staen/al

suffuse

often shift their accent for contrast ('editor &-'subjeditor)

succubus 'sAkjabas

j-ly -i

|-es -iz |-bi -jbai

substantiality sabjstaenji'aelati |-ation -'ejan

succulence 'sAkjalans |-cy

substantival jSAbstan'taivl

succumb sa'kAm

substantive 'sAbstantiv
substitute

'sAbsta^tjut,

|-ly -i

|-ly

such

'sAbstantivli

-^tiut,

-^tut

|-d

SAtj",

unstressed sometimes satj

suck SAk Isucked sAkt

-id

suckle 'sAkj \-d -d

|-tutive -IV

suckHng, S- n 'sAklig

substratum SAb'stretam,

sucrose 'sukros, 'siu-, 'sju-

'sAb^str-

suction 'sAkJan

|-ta -ta

substructure

SAb'strAkt/a^,

'sAbjStr-;

ES

subsume sab'sum, -'sium, -'sjum

subsumption sab's Amp/an

[-d

jSiu-, jsju-, -'tar-;

-'tor'siu-,

'sju-,

ES

Sudbury 'sAd^beri, -ban

sudden 'sAdn, lessfreq. 'sAdin

'sAbta-;

-iz |-d -d

subterranean jSAbta'renian |-neous -mas

Sudermann

subtile 'sAtl, 'sAbtil |-ly 'sAtli, 'sAtb, 'sAbtli

j-ness 'sAdnnis,

ES

'suda^man;

'suda-;

j-s -iz |-d

Sudeten su'detn {Gjr zu'de:tan)

-d

subtilty 'sAtlti, 'sAbtjti

Sudetes su'ditiz

subtitle 'sAbjtaitj |-d -d |-ling -tlig, -tlig

sudoriiic jsuda'rifik, jsiu-, jsju-

-ti [-r -tla^, -tla^;

ES

-a(r; |-st

suds SAdz

j-detic -'dEtik

|-es -iz |-ed

sue su, SIU, sju

-tkst, -thst

|-d

-d

-d

suede swed {Fr sqed)

subtly 'sAtb, 'sAth

ES + -'ton-

subtonic SAb'tanik;

suet 'suit, 'siuit, 'sjuit

subtract sab'traekt |-ed -id

Suetonius swi'tonias

subtraction sab'tr^kjan -tive -tiv

Suez 'suZ,

subtrahend 'sAbtra^hEnd, 'sAbtrisubtropical SAb'trapikj;

j-'s

-iz

'siu-, 'sju-, su'ez, siu-, sju-

ES + -'trDp-

suffari sa'fari

suffer 'sAfa^;
|-ite

-bia

ES

'sAfa(r; [-ed -d [-ing 'sAfng,

-fang
sufierable 'sAfrabl, 'sAfara- |-bly -bli

|-d

-d |-ntion -'vEn/an

subversion sabVsJ'an, -3an;

ES

-'va-,

sufferance 'sAfrans, 'sAfarans

-Vy-;

|-sive -siv

Suffern 'sAfa^n;

ES

ES

-Vat, -Vyt; ]-ed -id

|-s

-iz

'sAfan

suffice sa'fais, -'faiz

subvert sabVyt;

|-s

-iz |-d -'faist, -'faizd

sufficiency sa'fijansi |-cient -/ant

subway 'sAb^we

Suffield 'sAfild

succeed sak'sid |-ed -id

suffix

success sak'ses

suffix V sa'fiks, 'sAfiks |-es -iz J-ed -t

|-es -iz |-ful -fal [-fully -fali

succession sak'se/an |-ive -'sesiv |-sor -'ses;

ES

-a(r

ES

|-es -iz

suffocate 'sAfa^ket |-d -id |-tive -iv

Suffolk 'sAfak
'sAka(r; |-ed -d

suffragan 'sAfragan |-ganate -^et

succory 'sAkari
succotash 'sAkajtae/
|full

n 'sAfiks

suffocation jSAfa'ke/an

succinct sak'sigkt

succor 'sAka",

l-'s

-IZ

suburb 'sAbyb; ES 'sAbsb, -yb

suburban sa'byban; ES -'bsb-, -'bs^b-;
-^ait |-bia

{Ger

'zu:dar;man)

subtilize 'sAtl^aiz, 'sAbti-

subvene sabVin

'sAdinnis

subtility SAb'tilati

subtle 'sAtl |-ty

-jtari;

-jtori

subterfuge 'sAbta^^fjuds, -^fiuds;

|-s

'siu-, 'sju-

sudatory 'sudajtori,

|-ed -id

|-sy -zi

|-ese jsuda'niz

sudatorium jsuda'toriam,

sub tangent SAb'taendsant

subtenancy sAb'tenansi |-nant -nant

subtend sab 'tend

|-al -1

sudary 'sudari,

-d

-a(r

sud SAd |suds SAdz |sudded 'sAdid

Sudan su'daen

-t/acr

ES

|-er -a^;

|-ling 'sAkkij, -klig

substitution ^SAbsta'tju/an, -'tiu-, -'tu-'straet-,

-lant

-i |-lent

|-ed -d

suffrage 'sAfrids
|-'s

ful [tooth tue [further 'fytJa^;

|-s

-iz |-tte jSAfra'dsEt

suffuse sa'fjuz, -'fiuz

-iz

ES

'fstJa

|-s

-iz j-d -d

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vijan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


sulphate 'sAlfet

suffusion S3'fju33n, -'fiu3- |-sive -siv

Sufi 'sufi

summit

414

suffusion

-sm 'sufizam

sugar Ifuga^; ES lfug3(r; 1-ed -d

Ifugarig |-plum -jpUm

|-ing Ifugrig,

|-zol -jzol, -^zcd,

-;Zd1, -jzal

sulphid 'sAlfid |-phide -faid, -fid

sugary 'Jugri, 'Jugari

suggest s3g'd3Est,

|-d -id

sulphathiazole jSAlfa'OaiajZol

sulphite 'sAlfait

less freq.

sulphone 'sAlfon

sa'dsEst |-ed -id

sulphur

suggestibility sag^dsEsta'bibti, sajdsest-

suggestible sag'dsestabl, sa'dsest- |-bly -bb

'sAlf;

ES

'sAlf3(r;

|-ed

suggestion sag'dsESt/an, sa'dses- |-tive - tiv

sulphurate adj

suicidal jsua'saidj, ;Siu-, jsju- |-ly -i

sulphurate v 'sAlfa^ret [-rated -^retid

suicide 'sua^said, 'siu-, 'sju- |-d -id

sulphureous SAl'fjurias, -'fiu-

sui generis 'sjui'dsEnaris, 'siu-, 'su-

sulphuret w 'saK jarit

suit sut, siut, sjut |-ed -id

sulphuret v 'sAlfja^ret j-ed -id

suitable 'sutabl, 'siu-, 'sju- |-b]y

-bh

suitcase 'sut^kes, 'siut-, 'sjut-

-iz

suite

'suW

suite

'staff,'

sulphurous

swit,

sulphury

'f iirnikire'

+ sut.

siut.

'sAlfaras,

-fjaras,

chem. + SAl-

'sAlfari, 'sAlfri

sultan, S- 'sAltn j-a SAl'tasna, -'tana

sultanate 'sAltnit, -jct

sjut

suitor 'suta', 'sm-, 'sju-;

sulcal

'sAlfarit, -frit

'fjuras, -'fiu-

sut, siut, sjut |-d -id

'sei'

'sAlkl

|-ize

-^aiz

ES

sultry 'sAltri

-t3(r

-^aiziz

|-izes

|-

ized

Sulu 'sulu

sum SAm [summed SAmd

-jaizd

sumac, -ach '/umtek,

Suleiman 'suh^man
sulfanilamide jSAlfa'nibjmaid

'Jumek,

sulfate 'sAlfet [-d -id

pron. {which

sulfathiazole jSAlfa'OaiajZol |-zol -jzol,

- jzal.

'Jiu-, 'su-, 'siu-, 'sju-.

The

'/lu

(c/ sugar,

spelling

-jZdI, -,zo\

historically

prevails) is '/umaek, '/lu-

sure),

'sumaek being clearly a

used

pron.

only

sulfite 'sAlfait

called

sulfone 'sAlfon

not nnconimon.

'sAlfa-;

ES

'sAlfaCr;

j-ed

-d

-ing

'/umek,

'"/umek, used

'/lu-

A NEngd
to

by the
it

sulfureous sAl'fjurias, -'fiu-

summa cum

-frit

laude 'sAma/kAm'bdi, 'suma-

jkum'laudi

sulfuret n 'sAlfjarit
sulfuret V 'sAlfja^ret |-ed -id
sulfuric sAl'fjurik, -'fiu- ('sulifuric 'acid)

sulfurous 'sAlfaras, -fjaras, chem.

+ s\Vijvr3s,

summarily 'sAmarali, emph. + s\^mT3li

summarization jSAmara'ze/an, -ai'zsummarize 'sAma^raiz |-s -iz |-d -d

summary 'sAmari

-'fiu-

sulfury 'sAlfari, 'saHti

summation SAm'efan

Sulgrave 'sAlgrev

summer

Suliman 'subiinan
sulk SAlk |-ed

'sAina^;

-t |-y -i |-ily -Ii,

Summers

-ih

'sAina^z;

sullen 'saIiu, -an |-ness 'sAlinnis, -Iannis

Sullivan 'sAlavan |-vant -vant

sullied

'sAbd

sulphanilamide jSAlfa'nibjinaid
See in full 3^7.

'sAma(r; |-ed -d |-ing

[far

'sAmaz;

|-'s

-iz

'sAma^^salt;

summit, S- 'sAmit

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

ES

ES 'sAuia-; |-ed -id

summerset 'sAma^^SEt; ES 'sAma-; |-ed -id
summertime 'sAma'jtaim; ES 'sAmaSummerville 'sAma^^vil; ES 'sAma-, S + -vl
summersault

sully, S- 'saIi

ES

'sAmarig, 'sAmrig

Sulla 'sAla

Ibath baeO;

still

dye shoes."

sulfurate v 'sAlfajet |-rated -^retid

sulfurate adj 'sAlfarit,

also

informant said,

Sumatra su'matra, -'metra |-n -n

Sumer 'sums', 'siu-, 'sju-; ES -ma(r
Sumerian su'mirian, siu-, sju-

'sAlfarig, 'sAlfrig

literate.

was early
(shoemake 1600),

Perh. from use in tanning,

sulfur

natural

still

sulfid 'sAlfid |-fide -faid, -fid

Key:

[-ing

sulphuric SAl'fjurik, -'fiu- ('sul^phuric 'acid)

suitability ^suta'bilati, jSiu-, jsju-

|-s

-d

'sAlfarig, -frig

'piti

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wot/

(12) |Jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go


summon
summon 'sAman |-ed
summons 'sAmanz

-d

|-er -a^;

ES

sun-struck 'sAn^strAk

-3(r

'sAmanziz

|-es

|-ed

'sAmanzd

summum bonum 'sAmam'bonam

Sumner 'sAmna^; ES 'sAmn3(r
sump SAmp |sumped sAmpt

[-ed -id

|-cy -I |-dant

-^bsn, -^byn; |-ed -d

ES

jsju-

jSiu-,

|-d

jSiu-, /SJU-

superb su'pyb, sa-, siu-, sju-;

ES

-'psb.

-'pyb

Sunday 'sAndi

|-ed -d

sunder 'sAnda^;

ES

see

Monday

supercargo

-dang.

-da(r; |-ed -d |-ing

jsupa^'kargo,

E + -'ka:go;

-pa'ka:go,

ES

Sunderland 'sAnda'land;
'sAiijdjii, -idiu,

[-s

-pajt/a:d3, E+-jtJa:d3;

-iz

'sAnda-

+ 'super jcargo

less freq.

-idag

sundown 'sAn,daun
sundry 'sAndri

ES

E + -jfast,

^sju-;

ES

-a

^siu-,

-iz j-d -d

|-s

jSiu-,

jSupa^'siIijEri,

jsju- ;

ES

jSupa^'drsdjiiDt, jSiu-, iSJu-;

-pa'drcd-

superego ^supa-'igo,

-^fast

^siu-, iSJu-, -'ego

supereminent jsupa^'emanant,

-iz

|-'s

superciliary

E + -'t/a:d3;

superdreadnought
-d

|-ied

'sAiijfaest;

sunfish 'sAnjfiJ

ES
ES

|-r

-pa'sil-; |-ious -'silias

-ies -z

sun-dry 'sAn^drai

-iz

-a(r

-pa't/aids,

much

'siu-, 'sju -;

|-s

supercharge v jsupa^'tfards,

-^du

sundial 'sAn,daial, -jdail

'sAiijdag, -idog,

ES

,s)u-

jSiu-,

a(:c^.

supercharge n 'supa^jt/ards,

-drig

sunderance 'sAndrans, -darans

sunflower, S- 'sAn^flaua^, -^flaur;

ES

-jflau-

supererogate jSupa^'Era^get,

^siu-, jSJu

-d-id

^siu-, jSJu|

|-tion -jcra'geXan

a(r, -jflaua(r

sung sAg
Sung sug

supererogative ;supara'ragativ, jSiu-, iSJU-,

-'rog- |-tory -;tori, -^tari; S -jtori

sunglass 'sAn^glaes; E+-jglas, -jglas;

J-es -iz

superficial jsupa^'fifal, ;Siu-, ^sju-;

sunglow 'sAn^glo

sunk SAgk

|-en

-an

Sunna, -h 'suna

superficies
|-lit

ES

-}ii

^supa^'fifijiz,

jSiu-,

- 'fiJJz;

iSJu-,

ES

-pa-;

|-ness -'fainnis ('super jfine 'taste)

sunproof 'sAn'pruf ('sun^proof 'dye)

's

-pa-;

-pa-

superfine jsupa^'fain, jSiu-, iSJu-;

j-nite 'sunait

'sAni

sunrise 'sAn,raiz

ES

-ly -I ]-ity -^iiii^sA^ii

sunlight 'sAHjlait j-ed -id

|-s

superfluity ^supa^'fluati, jSiupa^'fhu-, jsjupa^-

-iz

'flu-;

Antrum, -jrum

sunshade 'sAnJed
sunshine 'sAn^Jain

|-d

sunspot 'sAiijSpat;

ES + -jSpDt;

-d 1-ny

ES

-pa-

superfluous su'pyfluas, sa-;

sunset 'sAOjSet

j-ted -id

ful |tooth tu6 Ifurther 'fytia^;

ES

-'p3-,

'py-

ES - pajSJu-; ES -pa-;

superheat .w

'supa^jhit, 'siu-, 'sju-;

superheat v

jsupa^'hit, ,siu-,

|-ed -id

-i

sunstroke 'sAn,strok
|full

^supa^'aed, ^siu-, jsju- |-ed -id

superannuate iSupa^'aenjujCt,

superannuation jsupa^jaenju'ejan,

-jbsst, -jbyst

-ban

'sAn^bEri,

sundae 'sAndi

sunroom

jsiu-. ;SJU-

-dant

-id

sunburst 'sAn^byst;

sunny

jSiu-, ,sju - 1-ed

-id

or -t -t

sunfast

-pa(r

-bh
superabound ^supara'baund,

superadd

ES

sunburn 'sAHibs^n;

ES

superable 'suparabl, 'supra-, 'siu-, 'sju- I-bly

sunbow 'sAnjbo

sundog

'supa^, 'siu-, 'sju-;

superabundance ^supara'bAndans,

Sunapee 'sAnapi, -,pi

sunbonnet 'sAn^banit; ES+-,bDn-;

sundew

sunup 'sAIljAp
sunward 'sAnwa^d; ES -wad; -s -z
Sun Yat-sen 'sAn'jaet'sEn, 'sun'jat'sen
sup SAP supped sApt
super

sumpter 'sAmpta^; ES 'sAmptaCr

sumptuary 'sAmpf/ujEri |-tuous -t/uas
Sumter 'sAmpta^, 'sAmta^; ES -ta(r
sun SAn |sunned SAnd

Sunbury

superheterodyne

415

superheterodyne
jSJu-;

ES

ES

jSupy'hEtarajdam,

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how

|using 'juzig jfuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij |vision 'visan

iSIU-,

-pa-

hau

|toy tai

|Eden 'idn jcradle 'kredl |keep 'em 'kipm


superhuman
superhuman

ES

supervene

jsiupa^'hiu-,

^supa^'hiuman,

jsjupa^'hju-, -'juman;

-pa-

superimpose jsuparim'poz,

|-d

|-S

superimposition jsupa^jimpa'zijan,

jSiu-, /SJu-

superincumbent jSuparin'kAmbant,

^siu-, jsju-

|-s

superintend jsuprin'tend,

superior, S- sa'pins'j su-;

ES

supper

-pa-;

-pla';

^supa^'ntet/ral,

pa^'niu-, jsjupa^'nju-;

ES

'sApa(r; |-ed -d |-ing -panij,

E+ -'plant,

-'plant;

-d

|-d

'sAphg, -plig

|-ling

v 'sApla;mnt

|-r

|-mented -^msntid

ES

jSJu-;

-i

|-ant

]-s

-iz

supplicancy 'sAplikansi |-cant -kant

supphcate 'sApli^ket
jSiu-,

|-d -id

supplication jSApli'ke/an

-pa-;

-d

supply V sa'plai -plied -'plaid

|

ES

supply 'supplely'

'sApli

support sa'port, -'part;

suppose sa'poz

-pa'pau'a(r, -'paua(r; |-ed -d

jSiu-, iSJu-;

ES

-'peat,

E+-'paat;

|-ed -id |-able -abl |-bly -bli

jsupa^'paua', jSiu-, ^sju-, -'paur;

superrealism jsupa^'rialjizam,

ES

-pa-

|-s

-iz

|-d

-d

|-dly

-idli;

\NEngd+&^^-p6z {46)
supposition jSApa'ziJan

supersaturate

jsupa^'saet/ajret,

jSiu-,

jSJu-;

-pa-; |-d -id

supposititious sajpaza'tijas;

suppository sa'pazajtori,

jsupa^'skraib,

^siu-,

ES

^sju-;

;tori, -'poz-,

-pa-; |-d -d

ES

j-es -iz |-ed -t j-edly

ES

-pa-

suppression sa'prejan |-sive -'presiv

suppurate 'sApja^ret |-rated -^retid

supersede jsupa^'sid,
-id 1-dure -dsa^;

jSiu-, jSJu-;

ES

ES

superstition

-pa-; |-d

jsupa^'stijan,

ES

jSiu-,

ES

-pa-; |-tious -/as

superstructure

Surat 'surat, su'raet, 'sutAt

'supa^jStrAkt/a^,

'siu-,

surcease sy'sis;
'siu-,

'sju-;

ES

surcharge

-pa-;

l-es -IZ

/tjaids,

See in full 3-47.

ES 'ssb-, 'sybES S3-, sy-; j-s -iz |-d -t

n 'sy^t/ards; ES 'ss/Jards, 'sy-

Surbiton 'sybitn;

'sju-;

-pajStrAkt/a(r

supertax 'supa^jtaeks,

'siu-, 'sju-

supremacy sa'prmasi, su-, siu-, sjusupreme sa'prim, su-, siu-, sju-

-pa-

jSJu-;

|-tive -iv

suppuration jSApja'reJan
supra 'supra,

-dgaCr

superstate 'supa^^stet, 'siu-, 'sju-;

-idh

suppressible sa'presabl

-pa-

superscription jSupa^'skrip/an, jSiu-, jSJu-;

ES + -jpDzES -'paza-

-jtari;

E-H-jtari

suppress sa'prEs

superscript 'supa^^skript, 'siu-, 'sju-;

Ibath baee;

|-ed

-pla(r; |-st -plist

suppliance 'supply' sa'plaians

ES

-papa-

Key:

ES

-ant

-pa-

superposition ^supa^pa'zi/an, jSiu-, jSJu-;

ES

ES

jSJu-;

suppliance 'entreaty' 'sAplians |-cy

-'nu-, jSiu-

-pa'fas-, -'fos-

superscribe

jSiu-,

+ 'super jvisor

supplementary jSApla'mEntri, -'mentari

jsju-,

iSiu-,

iSupa^'fasfet, jsiu-, ^sju-;

superpose ^supa^'poz,

ES

acct.

supplement n 'sAplamant

-'ps-, -'py-;

-tjaral |-ly -i |-ism -jizam

superphosphate

-pa-;

supplely 'sAplli, 'sAph

ES

supernumerary jsup3^'njuma,rri,

ES

ES

supplement

supernatural

ES

-id

i-Iy -I

superpower

'sApa^;

supple 'sApl

ES

^siu-, 'sju-;

supernal su'ps'nl, siu-, sju-;

-IZ |-d

^supa^'vaiza',

supplant sa'plaent;

ES

sju-;

siu-,

-'p3-, -'py-

superman 'supa^^maen,
|-men -jmn

-pa-;

-prig

-iz

superiority sajpiribrati, su-, -'ar-, -^orsuperlative sa'pylativ, su-,

ES

supine adj su'pain, siu-, sju- [-ness -'painnis

-'piri'a(r

|-'s

-pa-;

supine w 'supain, 'siu-, 'sju-

jSiu-, jsju-, -parin-

superioress sa'pinaris, su-

ES

-IZ |-d -d |-sion -'visan

-pa 'vaiza(r ;

-ans |-ency -ansi |-ent -ant

|-ed -id |-ence

jSJu-;

-IZ

supervisor

-iz |-d -t

j-s

ySiu-,

supervise v ^supa^'vaiz, jsiu-, jSJu-;

superinduce jsuparin'djus, -'dus, jsiuparin'dius, jsjuparin'djus

jsupa^'vin,

-d |-vention -'venjan

supervise n 'supa^jvaiz, 'siu-, 'sju-;

jSiu-, iSJu- |-s -iz

l-d-d

|-s

surcharge

416

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(i

\6)

E + -jt/a:d5;

|-s

-iz

|rate ret |yet jet [sang saeg |angrA- 'aeg-gri

far |watch wat/,

WDtX

(12) Ijaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

surcharge
surcharge

417

ES

sy'tjards;

E+-'tXa:d3;

'tfa:d5,

sy-

sa't/acds,

-iz

|-s

-d ('sur-

|-d

ES

surd S3'd;

ES 's3-, 'sy-;
ES 's3-, 'sy-

-d

|-d

survey n
survey

surejur; JLS fvair, foair, foair;

ES

ES

-tees' -tiz

sa-; {Fr syr'tu)

due

surface 'syfis, -as;

'syf-;

'ssf-,

|-s

-iz

l-d-t

ES

'ss-, 'sy-, sa-

sa've; |-ed -d
sa'vea^;

ES

ES

ES

ES 'ssf-, 'syfES 'ssf-, 'ss^f-; |-ed -id

surge ss'ds; ES ssds, sydg; |-s -iz |-d -d
surgeon 'sydsan; ES 'ssds-, 'ss^ds-; |-ed

Susan 'suzn, 'siuzn, 'sjuzn

Susanna, -h su'zaena, siu-, sjususceptibility sa^sEpta'bilati

susceptible sa'stptabl |-bly -bh

suspect 'suspected person' 'sAspekt

-d

ES

'ssds-, 'syds-; [-ly

-i,

suspend sa 'spend

|-ed -id |-nse -ns

suspension sa'spen/an

-ikli

Surinam jsuri'nam, -'naem

suspiration jSAspa 're/an

'ssli, 'ss^li; |-lily -lih

ES

v sa^'maiz;

ES

sa-;

|-s

sa-, 'ss-, 'sy-

-iz |-d -d |-dly

E + -'pas,

ES

sa-,

ES

'ss-, 'ss^-; |-s -iz |-d -t

surprise sa'praiz, sa^-;

|-dly -idh

In

ES
ES

-iz |-d -d

|-s

the first pron. sa'-

became sa-

ES

;S3-ri'bAt,

ES

ES

^ss'ti-,

ES -da(r
sa'tenda^; ES -da(r;

sutor 'suta', 'siu-, 'sju-;

ES

suttle 'sAtl

jSy-ri-;

suture 'sutja', 'siu-, 'sju-;

Suwannee sa'wani,
|-ed -d |-ing

surreptitious ^ss^ap'ti/as;

Suzanne su'zaen,

ES

jssr-, ;SAr-, jsy-

surround sa'raund

|-ed -id

swab swab, swob |-bed -d

Swabia 'swebia |-n -n

|full

'ssra-, 'sAra-, 'sya-

swaddle 'swadl, 'swodl

'ssri, 'sAri, 'syi

'ss-, 'sy-; |-es -izj-ed -t

ful |tooth tu8 Ifurther 'fytfa*;

ES

'fstSa

-ti

svarabhakti ;svara'baekti, -'baksvelte svelt {Fr svelt, zvelt)

ES

-tja(r; |-d -d

siu-, sju-

ES

ES

-ta(r

ES

'ssri, 'sAri, 'syi

'ss'i;

jSA?ia-

su-, 'swani, swa'ni

surrogate 'sya^get;

Surry

ES

suzerain 'suzarin, -jten, 'siu-, 'sju- |-ty

-'rendrirj, -'rendarig

surtax 'ss'itaeks;

j-shire

'sAtla(r; |-age -ids |-y -i

jsy-ri-;

|-ed -d |-der -da^;

ES

Sutherlandia jSAtia^'laendia;
sutler 'sAtla^;

'sA?Sa-;

Sutton 'sAtn

^sy-ri'dsain;

surrey, S- 'ss'i;

ES

-;Xia(r, -Ja(r

suttee SA'ti, 'sAti

|-ted -id |-tal -1

surrender

'sA'Sa'land;

ES

Sutro 'sutro

|-ist -ist

surrealistic sa^rial'istik |-ally -li, -ikk

surrebut jSS^'ri'bAt;

-iz

|-s

sutra 'sutra

by dissimUation {121).
surrealism sa'rialjizam

-iz

sustentation jSAsten'teJan

-Jir, -JV;

'ss-, 'ss^-; j-es -iz

sa-;

|-'s

sustenance 'sAstanans

-'pas; [-es

Sutherland

surplus 'syplAS, -plas;

-'spaia(r; |-d -d

Susquehanna jSAskwi'haena
sustain sa'sten |-ed -d |-edly -idli

-id

-IZ |-ed -t

surplice 'syplis;

surrejoin

ES

suspire sa'spair;

Sussex 'sAseks, -iks

-idb

surmount sa^'maunt; ES sa'maunt; |-ed

surname 'syjnem; ES 'ss-, 'sy-; |-d -d
surpass sa^'paes;

|-sive -siv |-sory -sari

suspicion sa'spi/an |-cious -/as

surmise n sa^'maiz, 'symaiz;

surmise

suspect 'suspicion' sa'spekt

suspect V sa'spekt |-ed -id

|-ery -an, -dgri

ES

|-ist

sa-; |-d -d

surf boat 'syf^bot;

surly 'syh;

sa've-aCi;

sa-; [-ism -jizam

surfeit 'syfit;

surgical 'sydsikl;

\-s

Susa 'susa

j-ed -t

ES

sa-;

to r-dissimilation {121).

survive sa^'vaiv;

syf

ES

-ist

'Juati, 'Jos-, 'Jaa-,

'/urati
ssf,

ES

sa^'vea',

sa'vea' is

survival sa^'vaivl;

ES

'/urti, 'Jurati;

ES

'ss-, 'sy-;

'ss've, sa^'ve;

v sa^'ve;

surveyor

|-ly -li

'/ua-, '/oa-, '/oa-;

('sure-jfooted 'mule)

surf syf ;

ES

sa^'tut, -'tu;

-IZ

syd

ssd,

sure-footed '/ur'futid;

surety

Surtees 'sytiz;
surtout

surveillance sa^'velans, -'veljans;

jcharged 'mind)
surcingle 'sysiggl;

surcoat 'ss'jkot;

swaddle

|-ber -a^;

|-d

ES

-a(r

-d |-Hng -dhg,

-dhg
|custom 'kAstam jwhile hwail [how hau |toy

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish di/ |vision 'vi3an

|Eden

'idn |cradle 'kredl |keep

tai

'em 'kipm

swaddling
swaddling adj 'swadlig, 'swnd-

swagger 'swaega^;

ES

[swore swor, swar;

|

swaged

'swaeg3(r; |-ed -d |-ing

j-ed -d

-la |-ed

-d |-ing -lawig

swam swaem
swamp swamp, swamp, swomp; E swnmp,
swamp, swamp; S swamp, swamp, swomp
orders of prevalence are based on

Fuller statistics might

collections.

change them.

\past

ES

pptc sweat swet or sweated

is'

-ili

Swede swid [Sweden 'swidn [-dish -i/

Swedenborg 'swidn^barg; ES -jbaag
Swedenborgian jswidn'bardsian; ES -'baadssweep swip [swept swEpt [-stake -/Stek
sweet, S- swit [sweeted 'switid [-bread -^brEd

sweet-breathed 'swit'brEGt

Swampscott 'swnmpskat, 'swamp-, 'swampswan swan, swon, swan |-ned -d

Swanage 'swanids, 'swon- |-'s -iz
swang swaeo
swank swaegk [swanked swaegkt
swan's-down 'swanzjdaun, 'swnnz-, 'swanz-

Swansea 'swansi, 'swnnsi, -zi

Swanwick 'swanik, 'swonSwanzey 'swanzi, 'swnnzi
swap swap, swop, swap |-ped -t

ES

-jbrai'a(r

-jbrai-aCr

[-ed -d |-ing 'switnig,

ES

-jha:t,

-tmg

E + -jha:t

sweetmeat 'swit^mit
sweet-potato 'switpajteto,

-'teto, -ta

swell sweI [swelled swEld [swelled

sweW

or

swollen 'swolan, swobi

swelp sweIp

ES

'swElta(r; |-ed -d [-Lng

'swEltarig, 'swEltrig [-try -tri

swerve swyv;

swa'rads |-ism -izam |-ist

sward sward; ES swaad; |-ed -id
swEa(r,

sweeten 'switn

sweetheart 'swit,hart;

swelter 'swElta^;

s-

ES

Sweetbriar, S- Briar 'swit^braia^;

sweetbrier, -ar 'switjbraia^;

sware swer, swaer;

sweaCr,

E+swaan

sweatily 'swetli,

swallow 'swalo, 'swdIo,

Swaraj,

swam; ES swoan,

'swetid

swale, S- swel jswaled sweld

known

swaea(r;

swo3(r, E+swaaCr;

sware swer, swaer;

sweat swEt

Swahili swa'hili

These

or arch,

ES

swa(r,

ES

swaeaCr; [sworn sworn,

'swaegarig, 'swaegrig

swen

swear swEr, swaer;

swag swaeg |swagged swaegd

swages 'swedsiz
swage swedj
swedsd

swain, S-

Swinton

418

ES

-ist

ES

sw3v, sws'v;

[-d

-d

Swete swit

Sweyn swen

swe3(r

-en -an [-ened -and

swift, S- swift
I

swarm swarm; ES swaam;

swart swart;

|-ed -d

swift-footed 'swrft'futid ('swift-jfooted 'deer)

ES swaat
ES swaaG

swig swig [swigged swigd

swarth swarO;

swill swil [swilled swild

Swarthmore 'swarGmor, -mar; ES 'swaaOmoa(r,

E-i--maa(r;
Zoc. + 'swa6mor
In
'swaOmor the first r is lost by dissittiilation

swim swim [swam swaem [swum swAm

arch, swam swaem

{121).

Swarthout 'swarOaut; ES 'swaaGswarthy 'swar'Si, -Gi; ES 'swaaswash swa/, swd/ |-es -iz j-ed -t
swashbuckle 'swaJjbAkl, 'swd/-^bAkhg, -jbAklig

|-r

-jbAkla^;

|-ths -Gs,

-3z

swathe swath' sweS |-thes -tJz

swathe v swetJ [swathed swetJd
^

ES

[Ung -dbg, -dbg

[-d

swindler 'swindla^;

-d

ES

-d j-ling

swam j-herd -ihyd; ES -jhsd, -jhyd

swing swig [swung swAg [-er --s-; ES -a(r

ES

-jbAkb(r

swinge swinds

[-s

swingle 'swiggl

-iz j-d -d |-r

[-d

swingletree 'swiggljtri,
-Gs, -tJz

-3(r

-tri

swigk [swank swaegk or swonk

swinked swigkt [swonk swAgk or
swonken 'swAgkan or swinked swigkt

swink

arch,

swAgk

or

Swinnerton 'swina^tan;

Swinton 'swintan

ES

'swina-

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet JEt [sang saeg [angrj^ 'ajg'gn
baG (10) [ah a [far far [watch watj", wotj (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards jgo go

See in full 3-47.

ES

swinish 'swainif

Swaziland 'swazijlaend

[bath baeG;

-;

-d j-ling -glig, -glig

sway swe [swayed swed

Key:

'swindla(r

swine

|-d

|-'s

'swinban

Swindon 'swindan

swastika 'swastika, 'swds-, 'swass-

swat swat, swot j-ted -id

swath swaG, swaS, swaG, swd-

Swinburne 'swinba^n;
swindle 'swindj

or

Syndic

419

swipe
swipe swaip swiped swaipt
ES swsl, swyl; |-ed -d

syllogism ^silaidjizam

swish swi/ swishes 'swi/iz [-swished swift

sylph

[-gist -dsist

syllogistic ^sila'dsistik [-al -1 [-ally -ii, -ikb

swirl swyl;

-ik [-id -id

silf [-ic

Swiss swis

|-'s

sylva 'silva [sylvan 'silvan

-iz

switch switj" [switches 'switjiz |-ed

ES

-jbord, -jbord;

-^boad,

[-board

-t

E+'iboad

Sylvania silVenia, -nja

Sylvester silVesta^;

ES

-Vesta(r

switchel 'swit/al

Sylvia 'silvia [Sylvian 'silvian

swith swi6 [swithe swai'S

symbiosis jsimbai'osis, jSimbi-

Swithin 'switSin, -Gin

symbiotic jSimbai'atik, -bi-; ES-h-'ut-;

Switzer 'switsa^;

ES

'swits3(r; [-land -land

symbol 'simbl [-ed -d [-ing 'simblig, -bbg

symbolic sim'babk; ES + -'bDl-; [-al -1 [-ally

swivel 'swivl |-ed -d |-ing 'swivhg, -vlig

swizzle 'swizl [-d -d [-ling 'swizhg, -zlig

swob swab, swob

[-bed -d

-li [-ly

-b

swollen 'swolan, swohi [swoln swoln

symbolism 'simbljizam

swollenness 'swolanms

symbolistic jSimbl'istik

swoon swun [swooned swund

swoop swap [swooped swupt
swop swap, swop [-ped -t
sword sord, sard; ES soad, E+saad; [-fish
[-sman -zman [-smen
-jfif [-play -/ple
-zman
swore swor, swar; ES swoa(r, E+swaa(r;

symbolization jSimbla'zeJan, -ai'z-

|-rn

[-ed -id

'swounds zwaundz, zaundz, -nz

ES

Swoyersville 'swaia^ZjVil;

symbolize 'simbljaiz

[-s

symmetric si'metrik

[-al -1 [-ally -li,

symmetry

[-'s

Sybaritic jSiba'ritik

Syrnonds, -ons 'saimandz, 'sim-, -nz

sympathetic jSimpa'Getik

[-al -1 [-ally -li,

-ikh

[-'s

-iz

-h,

[-ally

-ikb

sympathy ^simpaOi
symphonic sim'fanik;

-jmoa(r,

|-s -iz |-d

-d

ES-i--'fDn-; [-ally

-ji,

synchromesh

sycophancy 'sikafansi [-phant -fant

synchronal 'sigkranl,

-1

-z [-sia -zia

[-s

|-al -1 [-ally -li,

synagogue 'sina^gag, -jgag, -^gng

synapse si'nsps [-sis -is [-ses -iz

syce sais [syces ^saisiz

[-ally

-ji,

-ikh

synchronic

'sigkrajmsj", 'sin- [-es -iz

'sin-

sin'kranik,

|-al -1 [-ally

sig-;

synchronism 'sigkrajnizam,

Sydney

synchronize 'sigkra^naiz, 'sin-

'sidni

Sylla 'sila

sjmchronous 'sigkranas,

syllabi ^sila^bai

synclinal

syllabic si'laebik [-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

sin'klainj,

sig-,

syncline 'sigklain, 'sin-

syncopate 'sigka^pet,

syllabification sijlaebafa'kejan

syncopation jsigka'pejan,

syllabify si'laeba,fai [-fied -^faid

syncope 'sigkapi,

-bbg

-iz [-d -d

'sigkbnl,

'sin-

'sin- [-d -id

jSin-

'sin-, -^pi

syncretism 'sigkri,tizam, 'sinsyndic 'sindik

|-bi -^bai

ES

[-s

[-ly -I

syllabication sijlaebi'kejan

[fuU ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

'sin-

'sin-

syllabicate si'Iaebi^ket [-d -id

syllable 'silabl |-d -d [-ling -blig,

ES+-'krDn-;

-b, -ikb

Sydenham 'sidnam, 'sidnam

syllabus ^ilabas [-es -iz

-1

synaesthesia jSinas'eisia, -33

ES

E-i--jmaa(r

[-al

-ikb

-ikb

sybil, S- 'sibl, -il [line 'sibl^in, -in

jSika^faentik

.[-al

symptomatic jsimpta'maetik

-iz [-rite 'siba^rait

sycamore, S- 'sika^mor, -jinar;

-iz [-d -d

'simitri

symphony 'simfani
symposium sim'poziam
symptom 'simptam

'swaiaz-

swung swAo
Sybaris 'sibaris

[-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

-ikb

swum swAm

sycophantic

[-ist -ist

sympathize ^simpa^eaiz

-n

swot swat, swnt [-ted -id

swound arch, swaund, swund, saund

[-al

-I [-ally -li, -ikli

'fs'Sa

[-al -1

[-alism -l,izam

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision 'visan

[Eden

'idri

[cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

420

Syndicate

tachiol

syndicate n 'sindikit, -^ket

Syracusan jsira'kjuzan,

syndicate v 'sindi^ket

Syracuse

|-d -id

-'kiu-, -san

NY 'sira^kjus, 'ssr-, -^kius, ^sira'k-,

The

syne sain, in the song often zain

synecdoche si'nekdaki

regular,

synesthesia jSinas'Oisia, -33

'meriam for Miriam),

Synge sig
synod sinad

largely sjiperseded by the spelling pronuncia-

/Ser-

tion

|-al -1 |-ally -li

ES + -'nDd-;

synodic si'nadik;

j-al

-1

[-ally

-IZ
pro?i.

traditional, phonetically

clearly

is

Cf

jSir-.

'sir-,

'ser-,
still

jser-

{cf.

use,

but

in

In

Terrell.

Sicily

'sira,kjus, -jkius, Brit 'saira^kjuz

Syria 'siria Syrian 'sinan |Syriac 'sin^aek

-h, -ikli

synonym 'sinajnim
synonymous si'nanamas; ES + -'nDn-; |-my
-mi

syringa sa'rigga
syringe 'sirind3

-iz |-d -d

\-s

syrinx, S- 'sirigks ]-es -iz |-nges sa'nndsiz

synopsis si'napsis;

synoptic si'naptik;

ES + -'nDp-; |-pses -psiz

ES + -'nDp-; j-al -1 j-ally

syntactical sin'taektikl

syntax 'sintaeks

synthesize 'sinG3;Saiz
synthetic sin'Getik

systematize 'sistama^taiz

-iz |-d -d

|-s

systemic sis'temik

|-al -1 |-ally -ji, -ikli

systole 'sistaji,

'siflis 1-lous -las

'saifsn,
|-al

-fan,

-fon

-d

|-ed

|-age

t letter tl \pl

't

(1)

T's, Ts, poss T's tiz

tablespoon 'tebl^spun, -jspun

tablespoonful

ES

tableland 'tebljaend
tableless 'tebllis

-t

tab taeb tabbed taebd

tabard, T- 'taeba^d;

ES + -'tDl-

syzygy 'sizadsi
Szechwan 'sE't/wan, 'sst/waen

'tis.

'twas, 'twere, 'twill, 'twould t-

not in can't

'teblspun^ful,

tablet 'taebht j-ed -id

Tabasco ta'baesko
tabby, T- 'taebi
tabernacle,
T- 'taeba^jnaekl, -jnekl;
'taeba-; |-d -d |-Hng -klig, -kkg

tableware 'tebl^wer, -^waer;

ES

ES

T-

'taeblaid

'teba^;

ES

'teba(r; |-ed -d |-ing

-bang.

-brig

ES

-tja^;

-jtj"ua(r.

-t/a(r

table 'tebl |-d -d |-hng -blig,

'taeblo, taeb'lo |-ed

-bhg

-jkbe 5ee

in full 3-47.

tabu ta'bu, tae'bu

|-ed -d

tabular

ES

tache

cloth

bee bi |pity

ba6 (10) |ah a

tabret 'tasbrit

'taebjala^;

tabulate 'taebjajlet

-d

table d'hote 'taebj'dot, 'tabl- (Fr tabla'dort)

-jWeaCr,

taboret ^taeba'ret, 'taebarit

'taeblajtjur,

|bath baeO;

tabloid,

tabor

Tabitha 'tabaOa

Key: See

taboo ta'bu, tae'bu |-ed -d

tabetic ta'betik, -'bitik

tablecloth 'tebl^kbO,

itebl-

-jwaea(r

tabes 'tebiz

tableau

-spun-,

'spun,ful, -'spun-

'taebad; |-ed -id

tabaret Haebarit

tablature

-iz |-d -d

|-ally -li, -ikli

tableknife 'tebl^naif -knives -^naivz

abbr. spelling of unstressed it in

(2) abbr. spelling of

|-tist -tist

|-s

-li

systolic sis'talik;

-fan]

T,

't'll,

see

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

systematism 'sistamajtizam

S3rphllitic jsifl'itik |-ally -li, -ikli

-faiuds

'sirap, 'ssrap, 'syap;

systematic jSista'mastik

syphon

'sirap, 'syap;

S 'ssrap, 'sArap, 'sirap, 'ss^ap, 'srap

system 'sistam, -tim

|-Iy -i

|-es -iz

synthesis 'sinOasis -theses -Ga/siz

syphiUs

syrup

sirup

-li, -ikli

't

|-'s

|far

'piti

taetj"

-la(r

|-d -id j-tor -a^;

ES

-a(r

|taches 'taet/iz

tachiol 'taekijol, -,al; ES-i--,d1

(6) |rate ret

far |watch watj,

wot/

[j^et

Jt |sang saeg |angr\' 'aeg-gri

(12) |jaw dsa Igorge gards |go go

tachometer
tachometer ta'kamata',

-'komtachygraphy

tamarisk

421

ES

tae-;

-'kamataCr,

Taiwan 'tai'wan
Taj Mahal 'tadsma'hal,

'ta3-

take tek |took tuk taken 'tekan

tae'kigrafi

tachymeter ta'kimata',

ES

tae-;

-^kim3t3(r;

take care te'ker, tek'ker, -'kaer;

takedown 'tekjdaun

tacit 'ticsit

ES

taciturn Haesajtyn;

take-ofE 'tek^af, -jof

-itsn, -jtyn

ES

taciturnity jtaesa'ts^nati;

-Uyn-

-'tsn-,

ES

taker 'teka^;

'tekatf

Tacitus 'taesatas |Tacitus's 'taesatasiz

Talbot,

tack taek tacked taekt

talc taelk |-ose 'taelkos

tackle 'taekl |-d -d |-ling -klig, -klig

tale tel

Tacna 'takna {Sp

talebearer 'teljbera', -^baera^;

'takna)

Tacoma ta'koma

-hh

tactic 'taektik

talecarrier 'teljkaeria^;

tactician taek'tijan

talent 'taelant j-ed -id

tactile 'taektl, 'taektil

taler 'tala-;

tactual 'taektjual

tales 'jurymen' 'teliz

T-

j-um 'taelkam

-jb8ra(r,

|-ly -i

ES

taleteller 'tel^tela^;

ta'en arch, pptc of take 'ten

Taliaferro

taeniafuge 'timajfjuds, -jfiuds

ES -jkaeri-a(r
ES -jmAgga(r

'tala(r; {Ger 'ta:lar)

talesman 'telzman,

taed |-pole -jpol

tael tel

Ga

'teliz-

ES

-man

|-men

-^tla(r

'talava-, 'tAl-;

ES

-va(r, 'tnl-

Taliesin jtaeli'esin

|-s -iz

taeniasis ti'naiasis

talion 'taelian, -Ijan

taffeta 'taefita |taffity 'taefati

tahsman

taffrail 'taef,rel

talk tak [talked takt [-ative -ativ

T-

taflfy,

'taefi |-fied

Tagore

ES

tallage 'taelids

ta'goaCr,

E + -'g33(r

Tallahassee

j-s -iz j-d

tagrag 'taegiraeg |-ed -d |-gery -an, -n

Tallahatchie

Tallapoosa jtaela'pusa

'tegas |Tagus's 'tegasiz

Tai,

Talleyrand-Perigord, de

tailed teld

ES

-jboad,

E+

-jbaad

surname

Halava^,

'tAl-;

ES

-V3(r, 'tol-

'taelo, 'taela |-ed

-d j-ing 'taelawig

tallowy 'taelawi
tally

'taeli

[tallied 'taebd

tally ho intj jtaeb'ho

taille tel

tailless 'tellis

tallyho n, v 'taebjho |-hoed -jhod

taillight 'teljait

Talmage

tailor,

T-

ES

'tela^;

tailor-made

-made

'telaCr; |-ed

'tela^'med;

ES

-d I-ing -ig

'tela-;

('tailor-

tailrace 'tel^res

Talmud

'taelmids [Talmage's 'taelmidsiz

'taelmAd, 'taelmad

|-ic

tael'mAdik

talon 'taelan [taloned 'taeland

talus 'telas [taluses 'telasiz [tali 'telai

'suit)

tailpiece 'teljpis

tamale tajinab

-pieces -^pisiz

Tamar

-races -^resiz

ES + -jStDk

'tema^;

ES

'tema(t

Taine ten {Fr tn)

tamarack
tamarind

taint tent tainted 'tentid

tamarisk 'taEma,risk

tailstock 'teljstak;

[full

{Fr da

tallith 'taehe

tallow
Taill-

'taelijasnd

tajra-peri'gb:!, talra-)

tailboard 'teljbord, -^bard;

Tailefer,

jtaela'haetji

tallboy 'taljbai

-ti |-tian -tiain

t- 'ta-i

tail tel

-d

jtaela'haesi

Tagus

Tahiti ta'hiti,

-manz

[-ie -i

tall tal

-,bg

'taeg3,lag, -Jng,

ta'gor, ta'gor;

'taelisman, 'taehz- |-mans

talking- to 'takig^tu

-fid

tag taeg [tagged taegd

Tagalog

ES

talemonger 'tel^niAoga";

-s |-al -1 |-ally -Ii, -ikli

|-s

t- 'talbat

-jbaera(r

tact taekt |-ful -fal -fully

tad,

E -'keaCr, ES

-'kae3(r

|-try -tri

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fy'Sa';

ES

'fatJa

'taemajraek, 'taemraek
'taenia jtind

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan

[Eden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

tamasha
Words below in which a

before r (farm) is

sounded a are often pronounced in

tamasha ta'mofa
tamber 'taemba'; ES 'taembafr = timbre
tambour 'taembur; ES 'taembu3(r; |-ed -d
tambourin 'taembu^rin {Fr tabuVie)
tambourine jtaemba'rin |-d -d
tame tem tamed temd |-mable, -meable -abj
Tamerlane 'taema^ilen ES 'taemaTamil 'taeml, 'taemil

tansy

Tam

Tantalus

'taenia ^maunt

T- taen'tivi j-tivied -'tivid

tantrum 'taentram
Taos NMex taus, 'tauas, 'taas {Am Sp taus)
tantivy,

j-'s

ES -IfaentaCr
ES -t3(r; |-ed -d

-IZ

Taoism 'taojizam, 'tauizam

o'Shanter 'taema'Jient*;

tap taep [tapped taept

tamp taemp tamped taempt

tapa 'tapa

Tampa

'taempa

tape tep [taped tept

tamper

'taempa';

'taemp3(r; j-ed -d 1-ing

ES

taper 'tepa^;

'tepjam

[-line

'tepa(r; |-ed -d j-ing

taem'piko, 'taempijfeo {Sp

tampion 'taempian, -pjan

tamV^o)

tapestry 'taepistn [-tried -tnd

tapeworm 'tep^wym; ES -jwam, -jwym

|-ed -d

tampon 'taempan, -pon

Tamworth 'taemwa^O; ES 'taemwaO

taphouse 'taep^haus [-houses -^hauziz

tan taen [tanned taend

tapir 'tepa^;

tanager 'taenadsa^,

Tanagra

'taeni-;

ES

tapioca jtaepi'oka
'tepa(r

tappa 'tapa

Tancred 'taeokrid,
tandem 'tasndam

ES

Tappan

-jba:k

tappet

'taenkrid

'taepan

'taepit

taproom 'taep^rum, -^rum

taproot 'taep^rut, -^rut |-ed -id

'tani

tang taeg tanged taegd [tanging

|

Tanganyika

ES

tapis tae'pi, 'taspi, 'taepis {Fr ta'pi)

-dsatf

'taenagra

tanbark 'taen^bark;

Td^ney justice

ES

tapster 'taepsta^;

'taegig

tar tar;

jtaeggan'jiks, jtaengaen-

Tara

tangeio 'taendsajo

ES

'taepsta(r

ta:(r; [-red -d [-ring

taradiddle 'taerajdidl

tangential taen'dsanXal -ly

tarantella ^taeran'tela

-i

Taranto

'0/ Tangier'' jtaendsa'rin

'tang

Irel 'taera, goddess 'tara

tangent 't^endsant |tangency 'taendsansi

Tangerine

-pang.

-prig

'taemparig, 'taemprig

Tampico

-d

tantara 'taentara, taen'taera, -'tara

'taemani

ES

|-s -iz |-d

'taentjas [Tantalus's 'tientlasiz

tantamount

'taemara, Haemra

tam-o'shanter jtaema'/aenta^;

with a (fa:m)

tantalum 'taentlam

Tammany

'taenzi

tantalize 'taentl^aiz

Tamora

tarn

422

|-d

-d j-ling -dlig, -dbg

ta'raento {It 'ta:ranto)

tangerine /rMz7 'taendsajtin, jtaendsa'rin

tarantula ta'raent/ala

tangibility jtaendsa'bibti

ES ta:'bu/; [-ed -t
Tarbox 'tar^baks; ES 'tar^baks, -jboks;

tangible 'taendsabj |-bly -bli

Tangier taen'dsir;

ES

[-s

taen'dsiaCr

tangle 'taeggj |-d -d |-ling 'taegglig, -g|ig

tardigrade 'tardi^gred;

tardy 'tardi;

ES

tango 'taeggo |-ed -d

tare tr, taer;

tank tasgk tanked taegkt

tanker

'taegka^;

ES

ES

ES

teaCr,

ES

targe tards;

ES ia-Ay, |-s
ES 'ta:git;

target 'targit;

'taegkaCr

-iz [-d -d

[-ed -id

tariff 'taerif [tariffed 'taerift

T- 'taena^; ES 'taen3(r; |-y 'taenari

Tannhauser 'taeiijhaiza^, 'tan-; ES -jh3iz3(r;

Tarkington 'tarkigtan;

tanner,

{Ger 'taiijhayzar)

tarlatan, -le- 'tarlatn;

Tarleton 'tarltan;

tannic 'taenik tannin 'taenin

[bath baeO;

-dih

taeaCr; [-d -d

Tarentum ta'rentam

'taegkad

See in full 3-47.

|-'s

'ta:di-

'ta:di; [-dily -dli,

tannate 'taenet

Key:

-li

-IZ

Tanglewood 'taeggl^wud

tankard 'taegka^d;

-z [-lae

tarboosh tar'bu/;

tarn tarn;

bee bi jpity

baG (10) |ah a

[far far

'piti

ES

ES

ES 'ta:kES 'ta:l-; [-ed

-d

'tail-

tarn; [-side -jsaid

(6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angrs- 'aeg-gn

[watch watj, wot/ (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go


taxonomy

423

tarnish

Words below in which a before r (farm) is sounded a are often pronounced in E with a (farm)
Words below that have ae before r (carry 'kaeri) are often pronounced in N with ('ken, 94)

ES

tarnish 'tarnif;

'ta:n-; |-es -iz j-ed -t

Tatary 'tatan
tatler, T- 'taetla^;

ES

tatterdemalion

taro 'taro

tarpaulin tar^polin;

tai'pahn; |-ed -d

ES tar'pia; 1-n -n
tarpon 'tarpan; ES 'ta:pan, -pnn, S+ta:'p3n
Tarquin 'tarkwin; ES 'ta:kwin
Tarpeia tar'pia;

tarradiddle

'taerajdidl

-d

j-d

|-ling

-dlirj.

-dhg
Tarrant

Tattersall

'taeta^jsal, -sal;

Tattershall Lines

ES

'taeta-

ES

'taetaj'al, -sal;

'taeta-;

tau

-iz

|-s

tarsal 'tarsi;

Tarshish

ES

'tarsi

'tarji/;

jineta'tarsas;

T-

i-SUS'

ES

'tar/ij; j-'s -iz

ES

|-si

'tarso-

-sai

ES

tartan 'tartn;

T-

-a(r

tau

ta,

[-'s

'tarsas;

Taunton Engd, Mass

'tantan. Mass + 'tantn

'tantan,

'ton- ,

loc.

[tarsi

-sai

Taurus

'taras jTaurus's 'tarasiz \gen -ri -rai

taut tat [-en -n [-ened -nd [-ening -nig. -nig

tautog 'tatag, -tng, -tag

tart; |-ed -id

ES

'tarta^;

'tartn; |-ed

ES

-d

tautological ^tatl'adsikl;

'tart3(r

Tartarean, -ian tar'terian,

-'taer-, -'ter-;

ES

tautology

ES 'tartaES tar't-

[-gist -dsist |-gous

-gas

tautosyllabic jtatasi'laebik

ES

'taevan; [-ed -d

tartaric tor'taenk, -'tank;

tavern

ES 'tartaras; j-'s -iz

Tartary 'tartan; ES 'tartan; =Tatary
tartlet 'tartlit; ES 'tartht
tartrate 'tartret; ES 'tartret; |-d -id
Tartufe, -ffe tar'tuf ES tar'tuf {Fr tar'tyf)

Tavistock 'taeviSjtak; ES-h-jtok

task taesk; E+task, task; |-ed

tax taeks [taxes 'taeksiz [taxed taekst

Tartarus 'tartaras;

taskmaster 'taesk,maest3' ;

E + 'task,masta(r,

ES

-t

'taesk^maestaCr,

taw

ta

'taeva^n;

[tawed tad

Tawas

'tawas

tawny

-iz

'tani

taxability jtasksa'bilati

tax-exempt

'taezman
|-n

|-'s

tawdry 'tadn

taxable 'taeksabl [-bly -bli [-ation taeks 'e/an

'task^mastaCr

Tasmania taez'mema, -nja

[-ly -i.

-gism

ES-f-'tol-;

ta'taladsi;

-jdsizam

tartare sauce 'tarta^^sos;

ES + -'Dd5-;

-ikli

ta't-

Tasman

-iz

taupe top {Fr torp)

ES

'tarsas;

S3S

tart tart;

ES

taught past pptc of teach tat

taunt tant, tunt, tant [ed -id

tarsometatarsus 'tarso^meta'torsas;

tarsus,

'taetla^, 'taetla-;

Tauchnitz 'tauknits {Ger 'tauxnits)

tarry 'stay' 'taen [tarried 'taend

'taeksig'zempt

taxi

tassel 'taesl |-ed -d j-ing 'taeslig, 'taeslig

cf

'taeksi [taxis 'taeksiz

taxi, -y V 'taeksi [taxies 'taeksiz [taxied -d

taxicab 'taeksi^kaeb -cabbed -^kaebd

tossel

taxidermal jtaeksa'dyml;

'taeso {It 'tasso)

taste test j-d -id j-ful 'testfal [-fully -fab

[-mic

ES

-'dsml, -'ds^ml;

-mik

taxidermist

tasty 'testi [tastily 'testli, -tih

'taeksajdymist;

ES

-jdamist,

-jdymist; [-my -mi

tat taet [tatted 'tastid

ES

ta-ta 'tajta accent varies

taximeter 'taeksijmita' ;

Tatar 'tata^; ES 'tata(r; = Tartar

Tatarian ta'tenan, -'taer-, -'ter-

taxiplane 'taeksiiplen j-ed -d

Tataric ta'taenk

taxonomy

ful [tooth tu6 [further 'fytfa^;

('tax-ex jCmpt

'bond)

-n

tasse taes |tasses 'taesiz

[full

by sp. pron.

tattoo tae'tu [tattooed tae'tud

'tan

'like tar'

Tasso

ES

-lian

jtaeta-

tattler

'taerant

tarriance 'taerians

tartar,

'taetla(r

tattle 'taetl [-d -d [-ling 'taetlig, 'taetlig

ES+-jgDn

tarragon 'taerajgan;

tarry

ES

jtaeta'di'meljan,

-^mitaCr

taxis 'taeksis

ES

taeks 'anami;

ES+-'nn-

'faSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Tay
Tay

telepathy

424

technology tek'naladsi; ES-h-'nol-

te

Tayler

'tela^;

Taylor

'tela';

Tchad

ES 'tel3(r
ES Ueb(r

techy

'tet/i |-chily -tjah, -tjih

tectal 'tektl

tectum 'tektam

tjaed, tjad

Tchaikovsky, -wsky tjai'kofski, -'knf-, -vski.

Tecumseh

|-ta -ta

ti'kAmsr, -'kAmpsi

ted td tedded 'tedid

-'kauski

tea-ball 'ti^bal

Teddy 'tedi
Te Deum ti'diam,

teacake 'ti^kek

tedious 'tidias, 'tidsas

tea

tl

teach

|teaed tid

tit/

teaches

'tit/iz

taught

tedium 'tidiam

tat

ti-

-z

|-s

teachability jtit/a'bilati

tee

teachable 'tit/abl j-bly -bli

teem tim teemed timd

teacher

ES

'tit/a^;

teacup 'tijkAp

Teagarden

teen tin

'tlt^aCr

-dm; ES

E+

-jga:d-,

teenage 'timds
teepee

tig

'tepee' 'tipi

teak tik |-wood -jwud

Tees

teakettle 'ti^ketl, 'tikit|

teeter

teal

teeth tie

til

team tim |teamed timd |-ster -sta^; ES -st3(r

teammate 'timjmet
teamwork 'tinijwyk; ES -jwsk, -jWS'k
teapot 'tijpat; ES + -jpDt
teapotful 'tipatjful; ES + -pDt-; |-fuls -,fulz
tear 'eyewater^ tir;

ES

tear 'rip' ter, taer;

ES

tor, tar;

ES

toan,

tearoom

to3(r,

Teasdale

t3(r,

ES

|tore

-jrum

'tiziz

'tizl |-ed

teashop 'tij/ap;

'tsa-,

ES

Hasa-

Tees

[teased tizd

-d |-ing

'tizlii),

ES

|-less

titJ

teethed

teethridge 'tiO^rids

titid
|-s

-thing

'tiSii)

-iz

teetotal ti'totl |-ed -d |-ing -'totlig, -tbg

teetotaler, -Her ti'totla^, -'totla^;

teetotalism ti'totj^izam
teetotally

ES

-a(r

|-ist -ist

ti'totli, e?;i^/?.4-'ti'totli

teetotum ti'totam

|-ed -d

tegument 'tegjamant |-al jt2gja'mntl

tegumentary jtegja'mentari

Teheran jtia'ran, jteha'ran, te'ran

Tehuantepec tajwanta'pek, ta'wonta^pEk,
tin, tin,

ten

Teignmouth 'tinmaO

'tijspun, -jSpun, 'tls^p-

tekel

|-fuls -^fulz

'tiki, 'tekl

cf

mene

Tekoa ti'koa
Telamon 'telaman
telautograph tel'ata;graef; E-i--jgraf, -jgraf

^ti'tikit

teazel, -zle 'tizl l-(e)d -d l-(l)ing -zlii),

-zhg

telegram 'tela^graem |-med -d

telegraph 'tla,graef;

'tizl

technic 'teknik

-d

'tita(r; |-ed

-bs

-onta-

tit

Teazle

'tita-;

teethe

Teign

-zlig

ES + '^Jop

teaspoonful 'tispun^ful, -spun-

Teaticket

tiz |-'s -iz |-dale -jdel, -dl

te-hee ti'hi |te-heed ti'hid

cf Tisdall,

'tizdl, -jdel
|

teat

tae3(r;

E+t33(r; |torn torn, tarn;

'tr;J"it, 'taer-;

tease tiz teases

teaspoon

S+te3(r; |-ed -d

ti3(r,

E+taan

'ti^rum,

Tearsheet

teasel

-z

teeny 'tim

-iga:d-

Teague

|-s

teen-age 'tin^eds

1-fuI 'tikAp^ful |-fuls -jfulz

'ti^gardn,

|teed tid

ti

E + -jgraf,

telegrapher ta'kgrafa^;

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

ES

-jgraf; J-ed

-fa(r;

|-phy

-t

-fi

technicality jtgkni'kaelati

telegraphic jtela'grasfik

|-al -1 j-ally -li, -ikli

technician tsk'ni/an

Telemachus ta'kmakas

j-'s

technique tek'nik

teleological jtEba'ladsikl, jtih-;

technocracy tek'nakrasi; ES-h-'noktechnocrat 'tekna^kraet

|-ic

-ally -h, -ikh

Key: See

|-al -1

teleology jteli'aladsi,

jtili-;

telepathic ^tela'paeOik ]-ally

ES-i--'d1-li, -ikli

telepathy ta'kpaOi

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'ag-gri
baO (10) [ah a |far far [watch watj, wotj (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards |go go

in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

ES+-'lDd5-;

l-ly -I

^tekna'kraetik

technologic jtekna'ladsik; ES-F-'lods-;

-iz

telephone

'tela jf on |-d

tender

-d

jtb'fanik;

telephonic
|-ally -Ii,

Terah

425

telephone

ES+-'fi>n-;

j-al

-}

tenderer

-ikk

ES

'tenda^;

'tenda(r;

|-ed

'tendra^;

ES

'tendara^,

ES

tenderfoot 'tenda'jfut;

telescope 'tebiskop |-d

tender-footed 'tenda^'futid;

-t

jtb'skapik; ES+-'skDp-;

|-al

-1

tenderhearted

telescopy taUeskapi

ES

'tenda-

ES

'tenda^'hartid;

'tenda-

E+-'ha:tid; ('tender-hearted

'ha:tid,

|-ally -k, -ikli

'fath-

er)

T- 'tebitaip

tenderloin 'tenda^Jain;

|-d -t

ES

teletypewriter jteb'taip,rait3';

-jrait3(r

television 'tel3jVi53n j-visor -^vaiza^;

ES

-Z3(r

ES

'tenda-; |-ed -d;

tendinous, -donous 'tendanas

tendon 'tendan
tendril 'tendril, -al j-ed -d

told told

tell tel

-dara(r,

'tenda-

telephotography jtEbfo'tagrafi, -'tog-

teletype,

|-ing

-dra{r

telephony ta'lefani

telescopic

-d

'tendarig, -drig

telltale 'tel,tel

Tenebrae

tellurium tE'luriam, -'liu-

tenebrous 'tenabras

Temanite 'timan^ait
temblor tem'bbr; ES -'bb3(r; {Sp tem'bbr)

Tenedos 'tenadas, -^das; ES+-jdDs;

tenement 'tenamant |-ed -id

'tena^bri

{Sp

temerity t3'mr3ti

Tenerife,

Temescal ^tema'skael

tenet 'tenit,

Tempe

tenfold adj, adv 'ten'fold ('ten^fold

'trapi

temper 'tempa^;

ES

-p3(r; |-ed -d |-ing 'tm-

pang, -prig
temperament 'tempramant, -paratemperamental jtEmpra'mEntl, -paratemperance 'temprans, -parans

ES

j-ly -i

-IZ

'tenja^z, -la^z;

-tXa(r

ES

'tenjaz, -i-az;

jtena'si, 'tenansi ('Tennes^see 'air)

tennis 'tenis

tenon 'tenan |-ed -d

tenor 'tena^;

temporal 'temparal, -pral

Tensas 'tensa

esp.

'tena(r; \-ed -d

tenpins 'ten^pinz

j-ly -i

'tempajrerali,

ES

tenpenny 'ten^peni, -paiu

if

emph.

tense tens tenses 'tensiz tensed tenst

|

tensile 'tens! -sil

jtEmpa'rerali

tension 'tenjan |-sity 'tensati

'terapajrEri
|-s

tensor 'tensa^, -sar;

-iz ]-d -d

ES

'tensa(r, -saa(r

tempt tempt |-ed -id j-ation temp'tejan

tempus fugit 'tempas'f judjit, -'fiu-

ten-strike 'ten^straik

ten ten

tentacle 'tentakl, -ikl |-d -d

tenability jtena'bibti

tentative 'tentativ

tenable 'tenabl |-bly -bli

tenterhook 'tenta^^huk;

tenacious ti'ne/as |-city ti'naesati

tenth tene |-ths -Gs

Tenafly 'tena^flai

tenuity ten'juati, ti'niuati, ti'nuatE

tenancy 'tenansi |-ant -ant |-anted -antid

tenuous 'tenjuas

tenantry 'tenantri

tenure 'tenja^;

tench tent/ tenches 'tent/iz

tepee

tent tent tented 'tentid

|

ES

ES

'tenja(r

tepid 'tepid |-ity ti'pidati

tendencious, -tious ten'denjas

Terah

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fytJa^;

ES

'fstJa

'tenta-

'tipi

tend tend |-ed -id j-ance -ans |-ency -ansi

|full

|-'s

Tennyson 'tenasn

|-ed -id

temporize 'tEmpa^raiz

'loss)

-iz

Tennessean jtena'sian

Templar 'tempb; ES 'tempb(r

temple, T- 'tempi |-d -d |-ton -tan
tempo 'tempo \-s -z |-pi -pi

temporary

|-s

{Flem te'nirs, Fr te'nje)

tempestuous tEm'pest/uas

temporarily

jtene'rife)

teniasis ti'naiasis

Tennessee

temperature 'tempratja^, -para-;

-iz

'tinit

teniafuge 'tinia^fjuds, -jfiuds

Teniers

temperate 'temprit, -pant

tempest 'tempist

-ffe jtena'rif, -'rif

|-'s

'tira, 'tira

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

teraph

tetrameter

426

teraph 'teraf 1-im hei3,hm

Terbeek

'tybik,

terrific

ES

ta-'bik;

'tab-,

hs^h-,

(Z)m t3r'be:k)

ta'b-;

ES

terbium 't^biam;
tercel 'tysl;

ES

'tssl,

|-al -1 [-ally -Ii |-icly -ikli

T-

territorial,

'tsb-, 'tyb-

jtera'torial,

Hysl

mainly Brit -SEn'tinan

ES

terror 'tsra^;

'terad; |-ed -d |-some

Terence 'terans

terrorize 'tera^raiz

|-'s

tergiversate

-iz

-Vesa

ES

't^dsiva^jset;

't3d3iva-,

terse tys;

ES

ES

-iz |-d

|-s

-d

jtsdsiva-.

tertiary,

T-

tys

tss,

ES

tertian 'taj'an;

tergiversation jtydsiva^'se/an;

'ts/an, 'ty/an

'tyji;2ri,

ES 'ts/-, hsfES 'tsj-, 'taj-Ijan; ES ta-; |-ism

Ssri;

tertium quid 'tsj'iam'kwid;

/ta'dsiva-

Terhune ty'hjun, -'hiun; ES ts-, ts^term tym; ES tsm, t^m; |-ed -d

Termagant, t- 'tymagant; ES Usm-, 'tym-;
|-gancy -gansi

TertuUian ta^'tAhan,
-jizam

rima

terza

ES

'trtsa'rima;

'teatsa-;

Uymmabl; ES

'tsm-, 'ta^m-; |-bly

Tesla

'tsla

tesselate adj 'tslit, -^et

ES 'tsm-, 'tym-; |-ly -i

ES 'tsm-, 'tym-; \-d -id
termination ita^ma'neXan; ES itsm-, ^ts^mterminer 'tymina'; ES 't3mina(r, 'tymin3(r
terminology jtyma'naladsi; ES jt3m-, jtym-,
terminal 'tymanl;

tesselate v 'tesl^et |-d -id

terminate 'tymajnet;

test test tested 'testid |-acy -asi

-'nol-

ES

't3m-, 'tym-; |-es -iz

testament

'testajmEnt |-ed -id

testamental jtEsta'mEntl

|-tary -tan.

|-ly -i

ES

termite 'tymait;
tern ts'n;

testate 'tEstet |-tated -tetid

testator 'tEsteta^, tEs'teta^;

|-ni -jnai

ES

'tsm-, 't^m-

'ts^nit,

ES

ES

Terpsichore t3'p'sikari,

testify 'tESta;fai |-fied -jfaid

testimonial jtEsta'monial, -njal |-aUst -ist

'tsn-, 'ts^n-

ES
ES

-^ri;

terpsichoreal ^typsikaVial;
|-ly -I |-an

testimony 'tEStajinoni

t3p-, typjtsp-,

it3^p-;

-an

terrace 'tens, -as

teston 'tEStn
test-tube 'tEst^tjub, -^tiub, -jtub

testudo tEs'tjudo,

-iz |-d -t

|-s

terra cotta, -ra-c- 'tra'kata;

ES + -'kDta

testy 'tESti |-tily

Terra del Fuego 'terajdelfu'ego, -'fwego

terra firma 'tera'fs'ma;

ES

-'tiu-, -'tu- j-dines -dn^iz

-tli, -till

tetanus 'tEtnas tetany 'tEtni

|

-'f3ma, -'fyma

tetchy

terrain te'ren, 'teren

'tEt/i

tete-a-tete 'teta'tet (Fr tEta'tE:t)

ES

terrane te'ren, 'teren

tether 'tE^a^;

terrapin 't8rapin

Teton 'titn, -tan; ES + -tDn;

tetotum ti'totam |-ed -d

Terre Haute 'tEra'hot,

/oc.

+ 'tri%At

-($a(r; j-ed

ES

-d l-(Jarig, -Sriij
|-s

Terrell 'teral, cf Tyrrell, Syracuse

tetrachord 'tEtra^kard;

terrene te'rin ('ter^rene 'days)

tetraethyl jtEtra'EOal,

terrestrial ta'restrial |-ly -i

tetragon 'tEtra,gan; ES-h-zgon

terrible 'terabl |-bly

'teria^;

ES

-bh

'tri'a(r;

See in fidl 3-47.

-z

-^kaad

-il

tetrahedron jtEtra'hidran |-dral -dral

dial,

'taeria',

cf

tetralogy tE'traeladsi

tetrameter tE'traemata-;

farrier

|bath baeO;

-ta(r

testicle 'tEstikl

't3n-, 'tyn-

-net;

ES

testatrix tEs'tetriks |-es -iz |-trices -trijsiz

t3n, ts^n

ternary 'ts^nari;
ternate

testament n 'testamant

-tri

terminus 'tymanas;

Key:

{II

'tertsa'riima)

-bh

terrier

-sam

j-rist -rist

Terry 'ten

(// te'rerza)

'tydsiva-; ]-d -id

terminable

-'tor-:

territory 'terajtori, -ytari; S -^tori

terrorism 'tErajtizam

ta'risa, -Viza,

territoriality jtErajton'aelati, -jtari-; S -jtorx

ES

terebinth 'teraibme |-ths -Gs

Teresa

-'tar-;

l-iy -I

tercentenary ta^'sentajiieri, jtysEn'tenari;

-3-, -y-;

ta'nfik

terrify 'tera^fai |-fied -jfaid

ES

-mata(r

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet JEt |sang saeg langrj' 'aeg-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far |watch wat/, wotj (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gardj |go go

Theocritus

427

tetrarch
tetrarch 'titrark, 'tet-;

ES

E+-a:k

-a:k,

T-

thanksgiving,

('Thanks-

^Gaegks'givig

jgiving 'turkey)

tetrasyllable ^tetrasi'lasbik

Day

tetrasyllable 'tEtra^sibbl

Thanksgiving

Tetrazzini jtEtra'zini {It jtetrat'tsl:ni)

thankworthy 'Gaegk^ws^Si; ES -jWsSi, -jwySi

tetter \zi^;

Tetzel

ES

'tet3(r; |-ed

that demonstrative ?St ; conj, relative Sat

-d |-ous -as

thatch GaetJ thatches

'ttsl

Teucer

Hiu-, 'tu-;

ES

thaumaturgic

-S3(r

'tjutn, 'tm-, 'tu-

Teutonic tju'tanik,

ES + -'tDn-

tiu-, tu-;

'tiviat, 'tsv-, 'tiv-

Tewkesbury, -ksb-

'tjuks^beri,

'tu-,

'tiu-,

-ban
Texan 'teksn, 'teksan
Texarkana ^ttksar'kiena; ES jteksai'kTexas 'teksas; S + 'teksis, -saz, -siz;

the

unstressed: before conss. Sa; before

tisiially

vowels, b' often before j- or hi-, hi-, he-, he-

pronounced
|-as'

Si, in the

S+3a;

'Gia

ES

thearchy 'Giarki;

textile 'tkstl, -til, -tail

theater, -tre 'Giata^, 'Gia-;

texture 'tekstja-;

Tezel

theatric Gi'ietrik

|-ly -i

ES

Thebes Gibz

-i

The

'tekst/aCr; j-d -d

|-'s

Thackeray 'Ssekan, 'Baekn j-ayan -an

-s |-al -j ]-clly -Ii, -ikh

|-s

|Theban 'Oiban

-iz

Dalles Sa'daelz

1-ayite

thee

'51,

Fr teda'sa

unstressed +"^1

theft Geft

-jait

Thackerayana jOaskari'eno, -^aena, -'ana

Thackley 'Oaekli
Thaddaeus -deus Blh. Gae'dias, 'Gaedias
Thaddeus mod. name 'Gaedias |-'s -iz
Thai 'ta-i

thegn Gen

Thailand 'tailand

theism 'Oiizam

Thais courtesan^^e'is, opera

Thaisa Ge'isa,
Thaler

'Geliz |-les' -liz

Thaliard

unstressed +'S2f-;

ES

tSeaz, tJaeaz,

Seaz

jSem;

Sam, '5m

unstr.

-h, -ikh

|-al -1 |-ally

theme Gim jthemed Gimd

name

'Gelia, -Ija

]-'s

-iz

themselves 'Sam'selvz
then 'Sen |thenness ''Sennis

tJan, (Jen,

NZ

3n, n, n;

Gens

thence '5ens,

less freq.

thenceforth

j'Sens'forG,

cf thither

jGens-,

-'farG;

ES

E+-'faaG, ocd + 'thence^f orth

-'foaG,

thencefomrard

^Sens'farwa^d,

^Gens-;

ES

-'faawad

stressed 'Saen, jSaen

thanatopsis, T- jGaena'tapsis;
|

stressed ''Sem,

thematic Gi'maetik

'Gaeljad

than usually tmstressed

-is

ES

|-ist -ist

theistic Gi'istik |-al -I |-ally -li, -ikh

'ta:lar)

thaUium 'Galiam
Thames US Gemz, temz, temz; C, Engd,
temz |-'s -IZ

thane Gen -ess

SeaCr, ?iaea(r, ?iea(r;

SaCr

Themistocles Ga'mistajkliz

Ga'laia,/em.

'Qaelja'd;

ES

theirs Serz, tSaerz, Serz;

ta'is |-'s -iz

Thales

ES

their Ser, Saer, (Jer;

them

'talsr;

Thaha Muse

thein 'Giin |-ine -in, -in

'Ge-isa, -za

ES 'tala(r; {Ger
'Gela-; ES 'Gela(r

thaler

E + -a:ki
ES -ta(r

-a:ki,

the dansant, pi thes dansants

'ttsj

rarely stressed

'3i, ,tJi

Thea

-s, -z

textural 'tekst/aral |-ly

-'tsds-,

thaumaturgy 'Gama^tydsi; ES -jtadsi, -jtydsi

thaw Ga [thawed Gad |-y 'Ga-i
Thaxter 'Gaeksta^; ES 'Gaeksta(r
Thayer Ger, Gaer; E Gea(r, ES Oaea(r

text tekst |texted 'tekstid |-book -^buk

textual 'tekst/ual

ES

^Gama'tydsik;

-'tyd5-

Teufelsdrockh, -droeckh 'tDiflz^drek

Teviot

'Gaet/iz |-ed -t

'tjusa^,

Teuton

jGaegks'givigjde

ES + -'top-

-esses -isiz

Theobald
'tibld

Am

|-'s

name

'Giajbald,

Shak. editor

'Gia.baldz, 'tibldz, 'tiblz

Thanet

'Gaenit

thank Gaegk

a sp. pron.;

OE Taenett

thankful 'Gaeokfal

theocratic ^Gia'kraetik

|-ly -i |-ness -nis

fui |tooth tuO Ifurther

'fs^'Sa^;

|-al -1 |-ally

Theocritus Gi'akntas; ES-t--'Dk-;

thankless 'Gaegkhs |-ness -nis

|full

theocracy Gi'akrasi; ES+-'Dk-; |-rasy -rasi

theocrat 'Gia^kraet

|-ed -t

ES

'fa'Sa

-h, -ikli
l-'s

-iz

|custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan

jEden

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

428

theodolite

ES + -W-

theodolite ei'adl,ait;

Theodora
Theodore

thereof tfer'av,

tJaer-,

Zs-,

S Saer-,

-'af, -'o-;

S -'dora

jGia'dora, -'dara;

ES

-jdar;

'eia^dor,

thesis

E+

-jdo3(r,

thereon Ser'an, Saer-, -'on, -'an; S Saer'an,

-'on, lessfreq. -'an

Theodoric ei'adank;

ES + -'Dd-

Theodosia jOia'dofia

|-sian -/an, -Jian

Theodosius jOia'do/ias

|-'s

'Saeaz, jSaeaz; 2m^/r. Sa^z;

ESSaz

-iz

Theresa

ES + 'Unds-;

jOia'ladsik;

ES

'Seaz, jSeaz,

theologian jOiaUodsan, -dsian

theologic

there's stressed 'Serz, 'Saerz, jSerz, ^Saerz;

|-al

-|

thereto

-ally -!i, -ikli

ta'risa, 6a-, -'riza, -'rsa (/^ te'reiza)

therethrough Ser'Gru, Sier-;

Ser'tu,

Saer-;

ES SaeaES Saea-;

Sea-,

Sea-,

('therejto 'added)

theologue, -log 'Oi3,bg, -ilag, -jlog

theretofore jSerta'for, ^Saer-, -'far;

theology ei'aladsi; ES-h-'nl-

Theophilus Ol'afalas; ES-h-'of-;

Theophrastus

jOia^fraestas

theorbo 6ibrbo;

ES

j-'s

'foa^r, jSaea-, -'faa(r;

-iz

|-'s

Saer-

-'aabo

thereunto

theorem 'Oiaram
theoretic jOiaVetik

theorism 'Giajrizam

|-ist -rist

theorize 'Oiajraiz

-iz |-d

theory

-ikk

j-al -1 |-ally -li,

|-s

thereupon jSera'pan,

therapeutic jGEra'pjutik, -'piu-

|-al

-fist

-}

|-ally

ES

ES

''Ser, 'Saer, I'Szr,

ES

Oym; ES Gsm, Gym; |-al -1 |-ally

ES 'Gam-, 'Gym-; |-al

therm, -e

expletive (^unstressed) Sa^;

stressed)

(lightly

"Set,

tJaer;

ES

thermion 'Gymian;
thermionic

'SaeaCr, jSaiaCr

-ji
-j

'Gsm-, 'Gs^m-

ES

/Gymi'anik;

-'nn-; |-ally

jGsm-,

T- 'Gymit; ES 'Gam-, 'Gym-;

thermit,

^Gym-,

-li, -ikli

|-mite

-mait

?iaea(r

j'Sera'baut,

jSaera-;

jtJasra-;

thermocouple 'GymO/kApl;

ES

'Gsm-, 'Gym-

thermodynamic iGymodai'naeraik; ES jGsm-,

-s

thereafter Ser'aefta^, tSaer-;

Ser'aeftaCr,

ES

Saer-, E-H-'afta(r, -'afta(r

thereat

jSea-,

-ally -li, -ikli

meaningless

thereabout
|-s

'SeaCr, jSeaCr,

(SaCr;

ES

thermic 'Gymik;

-s

there 'in that place' (stressed)

(JeaCr,

Sea-,

jSaea-

therapy 'Gerapi

ES

Saea- ; cf wherewith

therewithal jSerwiS'al, ^Saer-;

-h, -ikh

there

^Sasr-, -'pon, -'pan;

therewith Ser'wiG, Saer-, -'wiS;

j-al -} |-ally

theosophy Bi'asafi; ES-f--'DS-; j-phist

^SerAn'tu,

-tu,

Saer-,

jSaer-

'Oiari, 'Oiari

jtJier;

Ser'Antu,

S Saer'An-, jSaerAn'tu

/Saer-;

-d

theosophic jOia'safik; ES-f-'sof-;

-li, -ikli |-s

jSeata-

E Ser'Anda(r, ES

thereunder Ser'Anda', Saer-;

-iz

S jSaeata'foa(r

tJer'aet, 'Saer-;

ta(r,

'5aer-

E Sea^bai, ES tSaatherefor Ser^far, tSaer-; E tiea'faaCr, ES Saeatherefore ''Serjfor, 'Saer-, -jfar; E ''SEajfoa(r,
thereby 'Ser'bai,

'tJaea-, -jfaaCr;

(Jaer-;

'(Jaeajfoa(r; o.f. 'Sy-, 'Ss-

therefrom (SEr'fram,

tiaer-,

jOym-; |-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli |-s -s

thermometer Ga'mamata^, G-; ES Ga'mama-

-'from;

E Sea-, ES

-'mom

In

Ga'mamata^

thermometric
/Gym-;

^Gyma'metrik;

|-al -1 j-ally -li,

thereinafter
'aefta(r,

(Saer-;

^'Serin'aefta^,

ES

thereinbefore

j3r-,

E + -'afta(r,

/Serinbi'for,

-'foa(r, -'faa(r;

^Saer-;

t'SeTin-

-'far;

S ,Saerinbi'foa(r

S Saet'in-, jSaerin'tu
in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

ES

bee bi |pity
|far

'Gam-, 'Gym-

ES

/Gam-, /Gym-;

-h, -ikh

thesaurus Gi'saras

Theseus

ES

Ga-; |-tes' -tiz

|-es -iz |-ri -rai

'Gisjus, 'Gisus, 'Gisias |-eus' -s

thesis 'Gisis

baG (10) |ah a

^Gsm-,

these Siz

thereinto 'Set'intu, Saer-, -tu, jSerin'tu, jSaer-;

Key: See

l-ally

Thersites Ga^'saitiz;

-'afta(r

jtSaer-,

ES

-ikh

thermostatic /Gyma'staetik;

S Saer 'in

has

Thermopylae Ga^'mapl/i; ES Ga'map-, -'mopthermos, T- 'Gymas; ES 'Gam-, 'Gymthermostat 'Gyma,staet;

therein tier 'in,

Ga^-

become Ga- by dissimilation (121).

'piti

theses 'Gisiz

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gardj |go go

429

Thespis
Thespis 'Gespis

third-class 'Gyd'klaes;

-iz |-piaii -pian

|-'s

Thessalonian jeEsa'lonian

|-s

ES +

thirty

'Oita

ES

theurgic Oi's^dsik;

theurgy

-'ads-, -'ydj-;

|-al -1

ES

-ydsi;

-sdsi,

[-gist

Gm, 6u

though

They'll

ii^ll' tfel

i5

an abbrevia-

it

(Sev, Siv,

Ser;

ES

SeaCr, tSeaCr

Sav

thiazole 'eaia^zol |-zol -jzol, -jzal, -iZol, -jZdI

ti'bet, 'tibit |-an

Thibodaux

thick-and-thin 'Gikan'Gin, 'Gikn-, 'Gikg-

thicken 'Gikan |-ed -d |-ing 'Oikanig, -kniij

thicket 'Gikit |-ed -id

thickheaded 'Gik'hedid ('thick-headed

'Gisjjdaun

'GitJa^ is

Thomas
[-in,

chiefly

a book

'tJitJa',

but for

replacing older

'tamas; ES+'tnin-;

still

usual.

|-'s

-iz

|-a

-a

Thomaston 'tamastan; ES4-'tDm-; [-town

-jtaun [-ville -iVil; S + -vl

'fly)

thong Gag, Gog; S+Gag;

Thopas 'topas [-'s -iz
Thor Gar; ES GaaCr
thoracic Go'riesik

Thoreau

thick-witted 'Gik'witid

thorium 'Goriam

[-al -I

'Goro, Ga'ro, 'Gyo; ES-i-'Gsro, 'GAro

ES

thorn Garn;

thieves Givz

[-ed -d

[-es -iz [-races -ra^slz

[-rite 'Gorait

Gaan; [-ed -d

Thorold 'Gorold

til

thieve Giv [thieved Glvd |-ry -an, -ri

thoron 'Goran; ES4--nn

thigh Gai [thighed Gaid

thorough 'Gyo, -a;

ES

'Gat-,

'Gar-,

'Gy-;

[-bred -jbred, -'bred [-fare -jfer, -ifaer;

thill 81I

thimble 'Gimb!

|-d

-d |-ling 'Gimbho,

thimbleful 'Gimbljful

-bliij

-jfeaCr,

ES

thorp, -pe,

|-fuls -^fulz

those '5oz

thin Gin [thinned Gind [-ness 'Gmnis

thou tJau

thine (Sam

though

thing Gig [-umajig 'Gigama.dsig

thought Gat

thingumbob

'Gigsm^bab,

'Giga^bab;

ES +

-jbob

-jfa(r; [-going -'go-ig

T- Garp; ES Gaap

thimblerig 'Gimbl^rig |-ged -d

'5o

[-ful -fal [-fully -fall

thousand 'Gauznd, 'Gauzn

[-th

-G [-ths -6s

[-fold -'fold

think Gigk [thought Gat [-able -abl [-bly -bli

Thrace Gres

thinnish 'GiniJ

Thrale Grel

thin-skinned 'Gm'skind ('thin-jskinned 'face)

[full

now

-ine -in

thick-skinned 'Gik'skind

[-ward -wa-d;

-ti3(r;

tho' tSo

thorax 'Goraeks

thief Gif [thief's Qifs

ES

thither,

thence, more often heard, Sens is

thickset 'Gik'set

third G3^d;

-biO

Thomism 'tonuzam, 'Gom- |-ist -ist

Thompson 'tampsn, -msn; ES + 'tomThomson 'tampsn, -msn; ES-i-'tom-

-n

^tiba'do

thick eik IthickedGikt

Thiel

[-tieth

'Ga^ti;

thole Gol [tholed Gold

often replaces 'tJe/al.

'^^63/ are' tier,

they've 'they have' tJev; unstressed sometimes

Thibet

T-

'GitSa^, 'tJitSa^;

word,

tion of they will, not of they shall ('(Je/al),

they're

'Gati,

'Gizbi

ES -wad; For

tfi

would,' 'they had' tSed

they'll 'i/jey

Ga-, Gy-; (^he's 'thir'teen,

thistle 'Gisl [-d -d [-ling 'Gishg, -slig

thither

-z |-ed -d

|-s

they Se; unstressed sometimes Se,

'i/zej

'GalimaCr, 'Gyhni3(r

this Sis [these Siz

thistledown,

-d3ist
Oju,

ES

ES

'Gyti;

Thisbe

-ikh

'eiydsi;

ES

Gast, Ga-st; |-ed -id [-y -i

[-tieths -tiiGs [-fold -'fold

'eitis j-'s -iz

|-ally -Ii,

E+

'Gad-, 'G^d-,

'thirjteen 'men)

'Besli 1-lian ee'selian

theta 'Beta,

they'd

ES

thirteen Ga^'tin;

Thessalonike jGesala'niki

thew

Thirlmere 'Ga^lmir;
thirst G^st;

-'lon-

Thessaly

ES

-'klas, -'klas

-z

Thessalonica ^Gesab'naika, -Uanika;

Thetis

thrall- less

ES

Gad,

Gyd

ful [tooth tuG [further

[-'s

-iz [-cian 'Gre/an

thrall Gral [thralled Grald

[-dom -dam

thrall-less 'Grallis
'fa^tfa^;

ES

'fatSa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


thrash

430

thrash erae/ thrashes

|

is

'erse/iz |-ed -t--Thrash

not an error for thresh, hut a historical

i

variant in literary

tise

since the 16c. It is the

usual word in American agriculture.

thyroid
throstle 'Grasl; ES-i-'GrDsl
throttle 'Gratl [-d -d j-ling -tlig, -tlig

through Gru,

Gnu

[-out -'aut

throve Grov

throw Gro [threw Gru, Gnu [thrown Gron

Thraso 'Greso
thrasonical 6re'sanikl; ES+-'sDn-;

1-iy

-h.

throvv'back 'Grojbaek

thrum GrAm [thrummed GrAmd

-ikh

thrave Grev |thraved Orevd

thrush GrAj thrushes

thread Gred [threaded 'Oredid

thrust GrAst \arch. thrusted 'GrAstid

'Or a/iz

threadbare 'Grsd^ber, -jbaer;

-^beaCr,

ES

-jbaeaCr

Threadneedle 'GrEd^nidl

Thucydides Gju'sida^diz, Giu-, Outhud GAd [thudded 'GAdid

thug GAg [thugged GAgd

threaten 'Gretn |-ed -d |-ing 'Gretnii), -tnio

Thule
thuha

three Gri

thumb Gaui [thumbed GAmd

threat Grt jthreated 'Gretid

ES

-'fo3(r,

E l--'f33(r;

threepenny

j-s -iz

'Gri^peni, -pani, 'Oripani

three-ply 'Gri'plai ('three-^ply

threescore

'Gri'skor,

ES

-'sko3(r.

skar-; S

-jskor-

threesome 'Grisam

ES

-dang

Gre/

[-ed -d

'GAnd3(r; |-ed -d j-ing

[-bolt -jbolt

ES

'GAnda^jJaua^,

-^Jaur;

[threshes

'Gr2/iz

j-ed

-t

see

thunderstone 'GAnda^^ston;

thunderstorm

threshold 'Gre/old, 'Grejhold

ES

'GAnda-

'OAnda-jStarm;

thunderstruck 'OAnda^jStrAk;

thrice Grais

thurible 'GjurabI, 'Giur-

ES

thrift Grift |thrifted 'Griftid

Thuringia Gju'nndsia, Oiu-, Ou-

thrifty 'Grifti |-tily

Thurio

-tli, -till

thrilled Grild

thrips Grips |-es -iz

thrive Graiv

throve Grov or thrived Graivd

throat Grot [throated 'Grotid; \NEi [g^H-Grb't

Throckmorton

-martn;

ES

Thursday 'Gyzdi; ES 'G3z-, 'Gyz

day
Thurston 'Oystn; ES 'Oss-, 'Gys-

ES

thy

Gwaat; |-ed -id

tSai

thyreoid 'Gainpid

throng Grog, Grog; S-hGrarj; [-ed -d

Thyreus

Throop

thyroid 'Gairaid

trup, Grup

Mon-

thwack Owaek [thwacked Gwaskt

throne Gron [throned Grond

See in full 3^7.

see

thymol 'Gaimol, -mal, -mol

th3anus, T- 'Gaimas |-es -iz

throe Gro [throed Grod

thrombosis Gram'bosis, 6rDm-

[bath ba;G;

-n

thyme taim jthymed taimd

-moatn, -niDatn, 'Grok-

Key:

[-n

Thwing twig

[-bed -d

'Grakmortn,

'GAnda-

'GjurijO, 'Giur-, 'Our-

thwart Gwart;

{46)

ES+Grob;

'GAnda-

thus t$AS [thusly 'SasIi

[thrived Graivd or thriven 'Grivan

throb Grab;

ES

jStaam

threw Gru, Gnu

ES

'GAndaj/au'a(r, -;J"aua(r

thrash

thrill Gril

'GAnda-

thunderhead 'GAnda^^hed; ES 'GAndathunderous 'GAndaras, -dras

thundershower

threnody 'Grenadi
thresh

'GAndriQ,

thundercloud 'GAnda^^klaud;

E-t--'skD3(r

threescore-and-ten 'Griiskoran'ten,

('thumb-nail

-jnel

'sketch)

thunder 'GAuda-;

'tire)

-'skar;

'GAm'nel,

-lam

thumbscrew '6Am;skni, -jskriu

thumbtack 'GAm^taek |-ed -t
Thummim 'GAmim
thump GAmp [thumped GAmpt

('three-jfour 'time)

three-legged 'Gri'kgid, -'kgd

threepence 'Gripons, 'Grep-

-li

'Gjulia, 'Giu-, 'Gu- [-ium

thumbnail

threefold 'Gri'fold ('threefold 'gain)

three-four 'GrI'for, -'far;

'Gjuh, 'Giu-, 'Gu-,

-iz

|-'s

bee bi [pity

baO (10) [ah a

[far

'piti

'Oairias

|-'s

-iz

(6) [rate ret [yet J8t [sang saeg [angrj- 'aeg-gn

far [watch watj,

wotj

(12) jjaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

Thyrsis
Thyrsis

Timotheus

431

'Os'sis;

thyrsus 'Gysas;

ES
ES

'Gas-, 'Bys-; |-sis' -sis

tigerish 'taigari/, 'taigrij

'03S-, 'Os^s-; |-si -sai

Tigert

Tighe

thyself tSai'self

tight tait

titi

variously pronounced -Ja, -Jia,

-tia ending,

Besides the pron. given in the vocab.,

-JJ3.

one or more of the variants are often heard.

Tibbalds 'tibldz, -biz

Tiber

|-'s

ES

tightfisted 'tait'fistid

tightrope 'tait^rop -roped -^ropt

|

tigress 'taigris

'taibaCr
|-'s

Tigris 'taigris

-iz

ti'bet, 'tibit |-an -n

tike talk

Tibullus ti'bAlas

Tilbury,

tic

ES

-za(r

-iz

|-'s
[-'s

-iz

tigrish 'taigri/

tibia 'tibia j-s -z |-biae -biji

|-'s

-s

tiglon 'taiglan, -dh, -an

Tiberias tai'birias |-ius -las

Tibet

|-s

tighten 'taitn |-ed -d |-ing 'taitnig, -tnig

Tiglath-pileser 'tigl^eGpa'liza', -pai-;

-iz

'tibjz |-'s -iz

'taiba^;

'taigat

tightwad 'taitjwad, -^wod

tiara tai'era, -'era, ti'ara

Tibbals

ES

'taiga^t;

tai

-iz

Tilda

tik

t- 'tiljberi,

-ban

'tilda

tick tik ticked tikt

tilde 'tilda, -di

Tickell 'tiki

Tilden

ticket 'tikit |-ed -id

tile tail

'tildin,

-an

tiled taild
I

tickle 'tiki |-d -d |-ling 'tiklig, -klig

till

ticklish 'tikli/, 'tiklij

till cofij,

Ticknor

'tikna^;

ES

'tiknaCr

ticktacktoe ^tiktaek'to,

ticktock

prep

tiller 'tila-;

tik'tak;

til, tl;

ES

rarely stressed

ES + -Dk;

Tilsit 'tilzit
tilt tilt [tilted 'tiltid

|-ed -t

ES +

Ticonderoga jtaikands'roga, tai^kan-;

tilth tilG

Tilton

-on-

'tiltn j-ville -jVil

ES

-ja:d,

tidal 'taidl |-ly -i

tiltyard 'tiltjard;

tidbit 'tidjbit

Timandra ti'maendra

tiddled3rvvinks 'tid}dijWii)ks

timbal 'timbl

tiddlywinks 'tidlijWigks, 'tidb-

timbale 'tinibl {Fr tS'bal)

tide laid

timber 'timba';

tided 'taidid -dings -igz

|

tidewater

'taid^wata^,

-^wata',

-jwota^;

ES

tik

Tientsin 'tjen'tsin, 'tin-

'who

ties' 'tai3^;

tier 'layer' tir;

tierce tirs;

Tierra

ES

del

ES

tias;

Fuego

ES

ti3(r,

S+te3(r

8+ teas

timekeeper 'taim^kipa^;

ti'erajdelfu'ego,

'tjera-,

j-ing

-ba(r; {Fr t^:mbr)

ES

-'anad, -'on-;

[-s

ES

-jkipa(r

-iz
;

ES

-jS3v-, -jsyv-

timetable 'taimjtebl

timid 'timid [-midity ti'midati, ta-

tiffed tift
I

Timnite 'timnait

Timon 'taiman

'tifin [tiffined 'tifind

timorous 'timaras, 'timras

Tiflis 'tifbs |-'s -iz

tiger 'taiga^;

timepiece 'taini/pis

timeserving 'taim^ss^vig

Tiffany 'tifani

T-

-d

('time-jhonored 'custom)

-'fwego (Sp 'tjerra-tferfwego)

[full

ES

time-honored 'taim'ana^d

'tai'3(r

tie-up 'taijAp
tiff tif

|-ed

Timbuctoo poem jtimbAk'tu, tim'bAktu

Timbuktu town tim'bAktu
time taim [timed taimd |-ly -li

tiffin,

'timba(r;

timbrel 'timbral |-ed -d

tied taid

tie tai

tier

ES

E+-ja:d

'timbarig, -brig

timbre 'timba^, 'taem-;

-t3(r

tidy 'taidi [tidied 'taidid

Tieck

'til, jtil

-d

'tila(r; |-ed

Tillotson 'tilatsn

jtittaet'to |-too -'tu

-^tak,

'tik'tak,

V til [tilled tild

ES

Timotheus ti'moGias,

'taiga(r; |-ed -d

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fy^a^;

ES

'fstJa

-Gjas

|-'s

-iz

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz. fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Timothy
Timothy,

432
tipstaff

'timaGi

t-

titter

timpanist 'timpanist

timpano 'timpaino

\pl -ni -jni {It

Timpanogos jtimpa'nogas
tin tin

'timpQino)

ES

tinderbox

ES

ES

ES

'tiral, -al, -d1, ti'rol

Tirolese

tinged past of ting tigd

Tirzah

'ts'za;

'tis

is'

\of

tinge tindsd

tingle 'tiggl |-d -d |-ling 'tigglig, -glig

tinhorn adj 'tin^harn;

ES

ES

'tigka^;

-^haan

'tigk3(r; j-ed -d |-ing

ES

'tiz,

'tsza, 'tyza

ES

-jdaaf

tissue 'ti/u |-d -d

tissue-paper 'ti/u^pepa^, 'ti/a-;

tinsmith 'tinjSmiO |-ths -8s

tit tit ititted 'titid

tinted 'tmtid

Titan,

Tintagcl tin'taedsal
'tinta^n;

tintinnabular

ES

'tintan

titanic,

jtinti'nEebjala^;

ES

-la(r;

|-y

T-

titanium tai'teniam,

Titchener

Titcomb 'titkam

tintype 'tin^taip

tit

-jWa(r,

ES

ES

ti-

'tit/ana^, 'titjna^;

for tat 'titfa^'taet;

-jwsk, -jwyk

-na(r

-fa-

Titian,

tiny 'taini

ES

ES

tithed taitJd

tithe taitJ

Tithonus ti'Oonas

-jwaea(r

tinwork 'tin^wyk;

-n

|-n

titbit 'tit>it, 'tidjbit

tintinnabulation jtinti^naebja'le/an

-^wfer;

-pa(r

tai'taenik [-al -1 |-ally -Ii, -ikli

Tintoretto jtintaVeto {It itinto'retto)

'tin^WEr,

ES

t- 'taitn

Titania ti'tenia, tai-

-jkri |-lous -las |-lum -lam

t- 'ti/an,

j-'s

-iz

-/lan

Titicaca jtiti'kaka {Sp ^titi'kaka)

Tioga tai'oga

titillate 'titl,et |-ated -^etid

-tion tmstressed ending -/an, -/n

-/n is less

common

in

The pron.

America than in

England.

titillation jtitl'ejan

Titinius ti'tinias, tai-

-iz

ES -}a-X

tip tip [tipped tipt

titlark 'titjark;
title 'taitl |-d

titleless 'taitllis

tippet

Titmarsh 'titmarj;

'tipit |-ed

-id

tipple 'tipl |-d -d |-ling 'tiphg,

'tipla^, 'tipla^;

Tippoo Sahib

ES

-phg

titmouse 'tit^maus

-a(r

titter 'tita^;

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

E-h-;la:k

-d |-Hng 'taitlig, -thg

ES

-ma:J, E-t--ma:J;

j-'s

-iz

ti'pu'sa-ib, -'sahib

in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

|-'s

titivate 'tita^vet |-d -id |-tion ^tita've/an

Tippecanoe jtipaka'nu
Tipperary jtipaVeri

Key; See

it's its

(its'kold).

tinsel 'tinsl |-ed -d

tippler

by

Tishbite 'tijbait

'tini

tinware

US

Tisdall, -dale 'tizdl

'tina(r; |-y -i

tinnitus ti'naitas

Tintern

when

(jes'tiz, 'J8s,tiz)

jtiz

Tisbury 'tiz^ben, -ban

Tischendorf 'ti/an^darf;

tinkle 'tigkl |-d -d |-ling 'tigkhg, -klig

ES

'it

jtira'liz

without stress, replaced in

'tigkarig, -krig

-iz

Tirolean ti'rolian, ^tira'lian

tinge tindj tinges 'tindsiz |-d -d

tint tint

|-'s

'taia-

tiro 'tairo

Tirol

-d

ting tig |-ed -d

tinny

-sam

taia(r; |-d -d |-some

Tiresias ta'resias, tai-, -'ris-, -/las

tirewoman 'tair^wuman;

tin-foil 'tiiijfail |-ed

tinner Hina^;

'tipsta(r

'tiptan

tire tair;

'tinda^baks,

|-es -iz

T-

ES

tirade 'taired, ta'red |-d -id

'tinda(r; j-ed -d

tine tain |tined taind

tinker,

-s

tiptop 'tip'tap; ES-f-'top; ('tip^top 'day)

-t/ad; |-d -d

'tinda^^baks;

-jbnks;

tipster 'tipsta^;

Tipton

Tindal, -dale 'tindl

ES

\-s

tiptoe Uipjto |-d -d

tinned tind

tinder 'tinda^;

-^staf;

tipsy 'tipsi

-iz

|-'s

tinct tiokt jtincted 'tigktid

tincture 'tigktja^;

E+'^staf,

'tipjstsef;

l-staves -jstevz

'piti

ES

|-'s

-iz |-mice

'tita(r; |-ed

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang

far |watch watj,

wot/

-^mais

-d

sg

langrj^ 'a?g-gri

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

ton

433

tittivate
tittivate 'titajvet |-d -id |-tion itita've/an

toggle 'tagj, 'tDgl |-d -d |-ling -glig, -gjig

tittle 'titl

Togo

tittle-tattle 'titj^taetl |-d -d

toil tail |-ed

ES

titular 'tit/ala^, 'titja-;

Titus 'taitas

Tiverton

-b(r; |-y -^len

ES

tivy

Tokay

tmesis 'tmisis, ta'misis tmeses -siz

Tokyo,

TNT

Toland 'toland

'tijen'ti

unstr: before conss. ta;

jtu;

'tu,

before vowels tu, ta

after -t often a

(ought to

go bta'go)

|-ing 'tokanig,

tolbooth, toll- 'tol>ue, 'tal-,

'taba-;

'talarabl,

ES + 'tnl-; |-d -id

ES + jtol-

tolerate 'tala^ret;

toleration jtala'refan;

ES

'tost^maesta';

-^maestaCr,

ES + 'toland
ES -jgaetiaraCr

'talstai, 'tol-

Toluca ta'luka
toluene 'talju^in; ES-h'tnl-

Tobruk to'bruk,

Tom

'to^bruk

tam, torn

tomahawk

CTo^bruk 'Harbor)

'tamajhak,

tocome ta'kAm

much

-a,

ES + 'tok-

Tom,

tad;

-d |-ling -dlig,

|-d

Dick,

'torn-

Harry

and

'tadi;

ES + 'todi;

|-ied

tomfool 'tam'ful, 'tom-

-d

to-do ta'du

|-ed

tomfoolery jtam'fulari, jtom-,

'to'nel, 'to^nel

toenail v 'tojnel |-nailed -^neld

Tomlinson 'tamlinsn, 'tom-

toff taf, tnf

Tommy

taft, toft
|-s

-z |-ged -d [-gery -an,

-n

'tami, 'tomi

tomtit 'tamjtit, 'tom-

tom-tom 'tamjtam;

toga 'toga |-ed -d

together ta'getjy;

ES

ful [tooth tu6 [further 'fytJ*;

fmz

ES-i- 'tom-tom; [-ed -d

ton tAn

-'get(a(r

[using 'juzig (fuse fjuz,

-'fulri

tomorrow, to-m- ta'maro, -'mar-, -'mor-, -a

Tompkins, Tomk- 'tampkinz, 'tomp- |-'s -iz

toffee, -ffy 'tafi, 'tnfi, 'tafi

tog tag, tog

-d ('tom^fool

'joke)

toe to |toed tod |-nail

|full

'tamjdikn'haen.

'tom-, -jdikg-

tome tom

-dlio

T-

-'mat-.

tomcat 'tamjkaet,

today, to-day ta'de

toft,

less freq.

tomb turn tombed tumd -stone -jSton

Tombigbee tam'bigbi; ES+tomtomboy 'tam^bai, 'tnm|

ES+ tod
'tadl; ES + 'todl;

ES + 'tmn-;

-'mat-, -'maet-

Tocqueville 'takvil; ES+'tnk-; (Fr tak'vil)

tocsin 'taksin;

'tami-;

|-ed -t

tomato ta'meto,

'tobi

toccata ta'kata (It tok'ka:ta)

toddy

tolled told |-gate -^get

Tolstoy
|-bias -'baias [-as's -siz

'tobit

toddle

tollgatherer 'tol^gaeSara' ;

ta^kaekanist

|-iiist

toboggan ta'bagan, -'bogTobolsk ta'balsk, -'bolsk

Todd

toll tol

Tolland 'taland;

E+-jmas-, -jmastobacco ta'baeko, -a

-i

|-nt -nt

Tobago ta'bego
Tobiah to'baia, ta-

j-bly

tolerance 'talarans, -Irans; ES-i-'tol-; |-cy

toadied 'todid

toastmaster

to'letSo)

ES + 'tnl-;

-bh

toast tost toasted 'tostid

Toby

'tol-, -^butJ

-da (Sp

ta'lido, tl'Ido,

to-and-fro 'tuan'fro

Tobit

-knig

told told

tolerable

toadstool 'todjstul
|

E+

-jwoan,

-kio 'toki^o, -kjo

Toledo

(46)

toadstone 'tod^ston

'todi

ES

tole tol jtoled told

NEngd+r6d

toadflax 'todjflfeks [-es -iz

toady

twa'let)

to'ke

token 'tokan |-ed -d

will' tl

toad tod;

two 'let (Fr

-jwaan

'tivi Itivied 'tivid

to stressed

|-less 'taillis

toilworn 'tail^wom, -jwarn;

'tiva-

Tivoli, t- 'tivah {It 'ti:voli)

't'll 'it

-sam

-d |-some

toilet 'taiht |-ed -id |-ry -ri

toilette tai'let,

-iz |-ville -jVil

|-'s

'tiva^tan;

'togo |-land -ilaend

ES

'fatJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[dish dif [vision 'vigan

tai

[Eden 'id^ [cradle 'kredj [keep 'em 'kipip


Torres Strait

434

ton
Those words below in which the a sound

is spelt

ton Fr to
tonal 'tonl

|-ly -i |-ity to'nffibti

Tonawanda jtana'wanda, -'wnnTonbridge 'tAnbrids

|-'s

topic 'tapik

1-al -1 |-ally -li,

Toplady

Hhe one^ tAn

see

n in

uiilh

'tofit, -et

topknot 'tapjnat

-iz

tone, t'one {better 'tone)

o are often pronounced

Tophet, -th

aiid

-ikh

|-ted -id

'tap^ledi

toplofty 'tap'bfti, -'Inf- ('top^lofty

'air)

topmast 'tapjmaest, naut. -mast; E+-jmast,

tother

tone V ton toned tend

-jinast

toneme 'tonim

topmost 'tap^most, -mast

|-mic to'nimik

toij, tDo; S+tag; |-s -z

Tongaland 'taggajaend, 'tngtongue tAg |tongued tAgd |-guey, -guy

top-notch 'tap'nafj ('top-jnotch 'story)

tong

topographer to'pagrafa^,
|-phy

-i

tonic 'tanik |-ally

ES

ta-, -'pog-;

jtapa'graefik

-1

|-al

[-ally

-li,

-ikh

-li, -ikli

tonicity to'nisati

topple 'tap| 1-d -d |-Hng 'taphg, -plig

tonight, to-night ta'nait

topsail 'tapjSel, naut. 'tapsl

Topsham 'tapsam

tonite 'tonait

tonnage 'tAnids

|-s -iz |-d

tonneau ta'no, tAtonsil 'taiisl, -sil

|-s,

|-lar,

-d

topside 'tap'said ('top^side 'cut)

topsoil 'tapjSail j-ed -d

-x -z |-ed -d

-ar

-y-',

ES

Topsy

-3(r

tonsillectomy jtansl'Ektami

'tapsi

|-ied

toque tok

tonsorial tan'sorial, -'sar-; S -'sor-

torah, -ra,

Tonstall 'tAnstI

-'tyvi;

-'tsvi,

-d

tonsillotomy ^tansratsmi

tonsure Uan/a';

ES

topsy-turvy 'tapsi'ta^vi;

tonsillitis ^tansl'aitis

T-

'tora, 'tara;

'tora; j-s -z [-roth

-roG

ES

'tanJaCr [-d -d

torch tartX;

ES

torchon

tony, T- 'torn

tore tor, tar;

too tu

toreador

Tooele tu'ela

taatj"; |-es -iz |-ed -t

'tarJan;

tontine 'tantin, tan'tin

ES

ES

'taaXan; {Fr tar 'Jo)

toa(r,

'taria^dar,

E+taa(r

'tnr-;

ES

-jdaa(r;

{Sp

jtorea'tJar)

took tuk

toric 'tank, 'tar-, 'tor-

Tooke tuk
tool tul Itooled tuld

torment n 'tarment;
torment v tar'ment;

Toombs tumz

torn torn, tarn;

|-'s

-iz

toot tut tooted 'tutid

tornado

71

-fa(r;

-fi

topographic

tongue-tie 'tAg^tai |-tied -^taid

tooth

tuG teeth

tie \adj

toothed

-Gt,

-Sd

ES 'taaES taa-;

|-ed -id

ES toan, E-i-taan
tar'nedo; ES taa-

Toronto ta'ranto

tooth V tuG,

tu($ |-ed -Gt,

-M

torpedo

toothache 'tuOjck
toothbrush 'tuG^brAj"

torpid 'tarpid;

|-es -iz

top tap [topped tapt

|-es -iz

|-r 'topa^;

ES

'topaCr

ES

'taapid

Torrence, Torrens 'tarans,

torrential ta'ren/al, ta-, to- |-ly

top-heavy 'tapjhevi

Torres Strait

{Sp

'tar-, 'tor- |-'s -iz

topgallant jtap'gaelant, naut. ta'gaelant

See in full 3-47.

^taak-;

torrent 'tarant, 'tar-, 'tor-

ta'pika

|bath baeG;

j-ing

jtarke'maSa)

topcoat 'tapjkot j-ed -id

Key:

-d

torpor 'tarpa^;

'tuGi

tootle 'tuti |-d -d |-Kng 'tutlig, -tlig

tope top toped topt

|-ed

torpidity tar'pidati;

toothsome 'tuGsam [toothy

Topeka

taa-;

ES ta'pidati
ES 'taapa(r
Torquay tar'ki; ES taa'ki
torque tark; ES taak; j-d -t
Torquemada jtarki'mada; ES

toothpick 'tuGjpik

topaz 'topaez

ES

tar'pido;

-'pidawig

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

-i

'tariz'stret, 'tar-, 'tor-, -is's-

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr>' 'aeg-gri

far |watch watj,

wot/

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gardj [go go

Torrey

435

trachea

Torrey 'tan, 'tan, 'tnn

Toulouse tu'luz

Torricelli ^tan'tjeli, .tor- {It jtom'tXelli)

toupee tu'pe, tu'pi {Fr toupet tu'ps)

ES

|-'s

{Fr tu'lurz)

-iz

torrid 'tand, 'tar-, 'tor-

tour tur;

torridity to'ndati, ta-, to-

Touraine tu'ren {Fr tu'rtn)

Torrington 'tangtan,

tour de force jturda'fors, -'fars;

torsion 'tar/an;

ES

'tar-, 'tor-

E + 'faas;

'toa/an; |-al -1 |-ally -li

ES 'taaso
ES taat
tortilla Am Sp tar'tija
tortious 'tar/as; ES 'taa/as
tortoise 'tartas, -tis; ES 'taat-;

Tourneur

tortuous 'tartjuas;
torture 'tartja^;

ES

ES

Tours tur;

'tsnaCr, 'tynaCr

ES

ES

to

towed tod

|-age -ids

toward adj tord, tard; ES toad, E+taad

toward prep tord, tard, ta'ward; ES toad.
ta'waad, E+taad;

|-s

-z

tossel 'tasl, 'tosl |-ed -d j-ing -slig, -sliij

Tosti

towel taul, 'taual |-ed -d

'tasti, 'tDS-, 'tas- (// 'tasti)

j-ted -id

total 'totl |-ed -d \-\y -i |-ity to'taelati

;totaela'trian,

to^taela-,

-'ter-.

ES

-iz |-d

-jzeta(r

-d

totetot Itoted'totid

totem 'totam
tother, t'other {better 'tother)

In
was

this

final

and in tone,
t

Totten

'tatl;

one'

-t5a(r

initial

of the old definite article that,

not the initial of

Tottel

\\8^; ES

'the

modern

the.

ES + 'totl
ES + 'totn

'toa^;

tower

'taua^,

building

'to-9(r

taur;

toucan 'tukaen, tu'kan

townsfolk 'taunZ;fok

townspeople 'taunz^pipl

towpath

'tOjpaeG;

towrope

'tOjfop

E + -,pa6,

-jpaG; |-ths -Sz

toxic

'taksik; ES-t-'toks-;

-t

|-down

|-ic

|-al

-1

|-ally

-Ii,

toxicology jtaksi'kaladsi; ES-f-jtoksi'knltoxin 'taksin; ES-i-'toks-; |-ine -in, -in

touch-and-go 'tAtJan'go

toy

touchstone, T- 'tAtJ^ston, 'tAt/Jton

Toynbee

tough tAf toughed

trace tres [traces 'tresiz |-ed

toughen 'tAfn

[full

'tau'a(r.

toxicity taks'isati; ES-i-toks|-ed

'tAtJiz

-idaun

Toulon

ES

taua(r; |-ed -d |-ing 'taurig, 'tauarig

-ikh

'tata(r, 'tnt-

touch tAtJ [touches

ES

tower 'who tows'

-ta(r

-ik

Tottenham 'tatnam, 'tatnam; ES + 'tnt-

ES

+ 'taust3'; ES

toxemia, -aemia taks'imia; ES-i-toks-;

'tatn;

totter 'tata';

/oc.

towhead 'to^hed
towhee 'tauhi, 'tohi
towline 'to, lam
town taun |-ed -d |-ship -/ip
town hall 'taun'hal |townhouse 'taun,haus
Townsend, -shend 'taunznd

less freq. jtotja't-

totalization jtotla'zejan, -ai'z-

|-s

'tuan-.

tua(r; {Fr tu:r)

towboat 'tojbot
Towcester 'tosta',

totalize 'totljaiz

ES

Towanda to'wanda, -'won-

|-es -iz |-ed -t

totalizator 'totlajzeta^;

'tani, 'tyni, 'tuani

tout taut [touted 'tautid

tow

-rai

j-ri

toss tas, tos |-es -iz |-ed -t |-up -jAp

totahtarian

'tan-, 'tyn-

Toussaint L'Ouverture Fr tusie-luver'tyir

'taatjuas

'taatja(r; |-d -d |-rous -as

'ni:iu)

ES+tnt;

ES

tousle 'tauzl |-d -d |-Iing 'tauzliij, -zlig

^taat/u-, -'ds-

Toscanini jtaska'nini, jtos-, jtAS- {It jtoska-

tot tat;

-'foas.

'tsn-, 'tyn-

'ton, 'tan; S 'ton

tosh ta/; ES+tnJ;

'tur-;

tourniquet 'turni^ket, -^ke, 'tyn-;

-iz

]-s

torus 'toras, 'tar-; S 'tor-; |-es -iz

Tory

ES

'tyna^;

tourney 'tyni, 'turni;

taa-

ES

ES

'tuan-

tortoise-shell 'tartas^/el, -tis-, -fiSd.

tortuosity jtartju'asati;

|-ist -ist

(Fr turda'fars)

tournament 'tynamant,

torso 'tarso;

tort tart;

Tortuga tar'tuga; ES

tua(r; |-ed -d

tAft

j-ed -d |-ing 'tAfmg, -fnig

tu'lan, -'Ion {Fr tu'lo)

ful [tooth tu6 [further 'fy'Sa^;

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz,

fmz

tai

toyed taid
'tainbi

trachea 'trekia, tra'kia

ES

-t |-ry

-an, -n

traceable 'tresabl |-bly -bli

|-s

-z |-cheae -'ki-i

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[dish dif [vision 'visan

jEden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em

'kipni

trachoma

transmissible

436

trachoma tra'koms,

transalpine trans'aelpm, trasnz-, -pain

tre-

track traek [tracked traekt |-age -idj

transatlantic jtraensat'laentik,

tract traekt

^traenz-

transcend traen'send [-ed -id

tractability jtraekta'bibti

tractable 'traektabl |-bly -bh

transcendence traen'sendans [-cy

tractarian traek'terian, -'ter- [-ism -^izam

transcendental jtraensen'dEntl

-jizam

tractate 'traektet

tractor 'traekta^;
'tresi

trade

tred

ES

|-sman

'tredid

-zman

ES

-jaaik,

E+

transfer v traens'fy;

ES -f3(r, -fy
ES -'f3(r, -fe;

tradition tra'dijan

acc^ -ftransjfera'bility

-h

|-al -1 |-ally

traduce tra'djus, -'dius, -'dus

London

Spain,

j-s

transferable traens'fs'abl; ES-F-'fsra-; |-bly

-iz \-d -t

ES

tra'faelga';

transfigure traens 'figja^;

trafi&c 'traehk |-ked -t

ES

'triefa-d;

-bh

|-tlis

ES

transform traens'farm;

-Gs

transformation

tragedian tra'dsidian

ES

transfuse traens'fjuz, -'fiuz

tragedy 'traedsadi
-Ii,

transience 'traenjans [-cy

trainman 'trenman [-men -man, -jmen

transigent 'traensadsant

trait tret

transit 'traensit, -zit

'treta(r; |-ess -is, -tris |-ous

-iz |-d -d

|-es -iz |-ed -t

-i [-ent

-ant

transition traen'zijan, traens 'ifan

transitive 'traensativ

-as, -tras

transitory

traitress 'tretris |-es -iz

Trajan 'tredsan
traject n 'traedsekt

Trans-Jordan

trajectory tra'dssktari,

trance traens;

[-d

-d

E + trans,

Transjordania

-tri

-nja;

tranquil 'traenkwil, 'traeo- [ly

-kjan

ES

traenz-;

^traensdsar'denia,

-dsa'den-;

traensUet,

[-n

,traenz-.

-n

trnz-

[-d

-id

|-tion

transliterate traens'Lta^ret, trsenz- [-d -id

-iz [-d -t

|-s

transliteration jtraenshtaVe/an, jtraenz-

translucence traens'lusns, traenz-, -'hu- [-cy

-i>

-kwah

-I

|-ed

[-cent -snt

transmigrate traens'maigret, traenz-

tranquillity traen'kwilati, traegtraenz-

traens^sardn,

-'le/an

[-ling -plig, -plig

trans;

ES

translate

'trenijO, 'tran-, -njo

trasns'aekt,

-jtan;

'traenza-,

-'dsaadn

tram traem [trammed tr^emd

trammel 'traeml |-ed -d
tramp traemp [tramped traempt
trample 'traempj

'traensa^ton,

-jtori

traject v tra'dsekt |-ed -id |-ction -k/an

-id

|-ion

[-d -id

transmigration jtraensmai'grejan, ^traenztransmissible traens 'misabj, traenz-

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

|-s

transgress traens'grts, traenz-

train tren |-ed -d |-band -^baend

Key:

-fa-

transgression traens 'grXan, traenz-

T-, Traill trel [trailed treld

transact

ES

transfusion traens 'fjusan, -'fiu-

-ikh

tragicomedy jtraedsi'kamadi; ES-h-'kom-

ES

-'faam; [-ed -d

^traensfa^ 'me/an;

'mejan

tragedienne tra^dsidi'tn {Fr traje'djen)

tragic 'triedsik |-al -I |-ally

-'figja(r; [-d -d

transfix traens'fiks [-es -iz [-ed -t [-ion -k/an

'traefad

tragacanth 'traega^kaenG

ES + -'f3rans

transference traens'fyans;

transfiguration jtraensfigja'rejan, traensjfigja-

{Sp trafal'gar)

traitor 'treta^;

[-red -d

transferability jtraensfs^a'bilati; ES-h-fsra-;

-t

trade-union 'tred'junjan |-ism -jizam

Tranio

ES-i-

transept 'traensept [al traen'septl

transfer n 'tr^ensfy;

'tred^mark;

-jma:k; |-ed

trail,

jtraenskonta'nEntl;

transcript 'traen^skript [-ption traen'sknpjan

[traded

trade-mark

Trafford

-ant
[-ism

transcribe traen'skraib [-scribed -'skraibd

'traekt3(r

1-smen -zman

-'faelg3(r;

-i

-kon-

traction 'traek/an j-tive -trv

Tracy

-i |-ent

[-ly

[-ist -ist

transcontinental

tractile 'traektl, -til

Trafalgar

[-ally

-li, -ikli

bee bi [pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet \zt [sang saeg [angr>^ 'aeg-gri
ba6 (10) [ah a [far far [watch watj, wot/ (12) [jaw dgD [gorge gards [go go

transmission

Tremont

4^7

ES

transmission traens'mifan, traenz-

Tra vers

Trans-Mississippi jtraensmisa'sipi, ;traenz-

traverse 'traeva^s,

|-tal -1

transmit traens'mit, traenz- |-ted -id

transmutation

^traenz-,

jtraensmju'te/an,

-nuu-

-vys;

'traeva'z;

-IZ |-d -t

|-s

Traverse

'traeva^s;

'traevaz;

-iz

|-'s

ES

'traeva^s;

-vas,

-vss,

flcc/+ tra' verse

ES 'traevas; |-'s -iz

ES 'traeva-; |-tine

travertin 'traev^tm;

transmute traens'mjut,

traenz-, -'miut |-d -id

transoceanic jtraensqfi'aenik, jtraenz-

travesty

transom 'traensgm

Travis

|-ed -d

'traevisti, -vasti |-tied

-d

'traevis |-'s -iz

transpacific jtraenspa'sifik

trawl tral [trawled trald

transparence traens'psrans, -'paer-; S -'paer-;

tray tre |trayed tred

treacherous 'tret/aras, 'tret/ras |-ry

-rent -rant

|-cy -I

-tin,

-jtin

-ri

ES

transpire traen'spair;

transplant traens'plaent;

-'spai3(r; |-d -d

treacle 'trikl |-d -d |-Hng 'triklig,

E + -'plant,

tread tred

-'plant;

transport

-part;

ES

-poat,

-'part;

ES

-'poat,

'traensport,

E + -p33t

treaded adj 'trtdid

treadle 'tredl j-d -d |-ling 'tredlig, -dlig

traens'port,

E+-'paat; |-ed -id

treadmill 'tred^mil |-ed -d

treason 'trizn |-ed -d |-ing -znig, -znig

transportation jtraenspa^'te/an;

ES

treasonable 'triznabl, 'trizna- |-bly -bb

-pa-

transposal traens'pozl

transpose traens'poz

treasonous 'triznas, 'triznas

-iz

]-s

[-d

-d ('trans-

jposed 'accent)

treasure

-3a (r;

treasurer 'tresra^, -sara^;

transship traens'Jip, tr^nj'jip |-ped

treat,

transubstantiate ^traensab'staenjijet

treatise 'tritis

|-d -id

transubstantiation jtraensabjstaenji'efan

Transvaal traens'val, traenz-

T-

-'vssj,

ES -ra(r
ES 'tr3a-

-iz [treaty 'triti

|-s

Trebizond 'trebi^zand; ES-h-jZond

-bh

Trebonius tn'bonias, -njas

ES

traenz-;

traens'vs^s,

-'v3S,

-'vys; ('transjverse 'section)

-iz

|-n

-n

tree-run 'tri'iAn ('tree^run 'apples)

trap traep [trapped traept

trapeze trae'piz, tra-

|-s

treeman 'tri^maen [-men -^men

treenail, tren- 'tri^nel, 'trenl, 'trAnl

Transylvania jtraensl'venja, -ma

tree-toad 'trijtod

-iz

trefoil 'trifail

trapezium tra'piziam

|-s

trapezoid 'traepa^zaid

|-al ^traepa'zaidl

Treitschke

-z |-zia -zia

'traitJTia

trek trek trekked trekt

|

Trelawny

t- 'traepist

tri'lani

traprock 'traep^rak; ES-h-irnk

trellis 'trebs |-es -iz |-ed -t

trapshooting 'traepjjutig

tremble 'trembl

trash traej trashes

trembly 'trembli

'traejiz j-ed -t |-y -i

trauma 'trama, 'trauma

traumatic tra'maetik

|-s

-z j-mata

-mata

-d [-ling -blig, -blig

tremendous tri'mendas

tri'mendsuas, -dsas

is

travail 'traevel, -vl |-ed -d

Thoughts), 1796.

tremolo 'tremljO, 'tremajlo |-ed -d

travail Hrave' tra'vel {Fr traVarj)

travel 'traevl |-ed -d |-ing 'traevhg, -vlio

traveler, -Her 'traevla^, 'traevla';

|-d

an old variant frequently heard, spelt

tremenduous in 1632, 1742 {Young's Night

j-ally -Ii, -ikli

traumatism 'trama jtizam

ES

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

ES

Tremont

US

'trimnnt;

-a(r

places

tri'mant, in

ES+-'mDnt; Boston

Me

street

loc.

'tre-

mant, 'trsmant, 'trimant; ES+-mDnt

travelogue, -log 'traevlpg, -^ag, -^ng

[full

|-'s

tree tri [treed trid

-'vs'sl; |-ly -I

|-ring

[treated 'tritid

trit

treble 'trebl [-d -d |-bly

ES

transversal traens'vysl, traenz-;

-d

|-d

-sn

treasure-trove 'tre3'trov;

-t

Trans-Siberian ^traenssai'birian, ,traensai-

transverse

ES

'tre5;

'tresarig, -3rig |-ry -3ari,

transposition jtraenspa'zi/an

Trappist,

ES+trod; [trodden

|trod trad;

'tradn or trod trad; ES-f-D-

i-ed -id

transport

-khg

'fs'Sa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

tremor

trimonthly

438

tremor 'trema',

ES

'trima';

-m3(r

Trichinopoly,

tremulous 'tremjabs

-li

jtnt/i'napah; ES-h-'nop-

trichinosis jtrika'nosis
trick trik [tricked trikt ]-ery -an, -ri

trenail 'tri^nel, 'trenl, 'trAnl

trench trentj trenches 'trentjiz |-ed

|

trickle 'trikl [-d -d [-ling -klig, -klig

-t

trenchancy 'trent/ansi -chant -tjant

trickster 'triksta^;

ES

trencherman 'trentjaman;

-tja-;

[-men

-man

ES

-sta(r; [-cksy -ksi [-cky

-ki

ES

tricolor 'trai^kAla^;

-jkAla(r; [-ed -d

trend trend [trended 'trendid

tricot 'triko {Fr tri'ko)

Trent trent

tricotine jtrika'tin (Fr trlka'tin)

Trenton 'trentan

tricuspid trai'kAspid

trepan tri'paen |-panned -'paend

tricycle 'traisikl |-d -d [-hng -klig, -klig

trephine tri'fam,

trident 'traidnt

-'fin |-d

-d

tridental trai'denti [-tate -tet

trepid 'trepid |-ity tra'pidati

trepidation ^trepa'dejan

tried traid

trespass 'trespas, -jpaes; E+-;pas, -jpas;

|-es

tress tres

triennial trai'emal [-ly -i

ES 'trai-a(r
ES tria(r; {Ger

trier 'traia^;

-iz |-ed -t

Trier trir;

tresses 'tresiz [tressed trest

tri:r)

Tressel 'tresj

tries traiz

trestle 'tresj |-d -d |-ling -slig, -slig

Trieste tri'est {li tri'este)

Trevelyan triVeljan, -VilTreves

trivz

|-'s

-iz

-d

trifle 'traif j [-d

{Fr trezv, Ger Trier

tri:r)

Trevisa tra'visa

[hng

'traiflig, -flig

ES

-iW;

trifling adj 'traiflig |-fler

-fla(r

trifohate trai'foliit, -lijet

trews truz, triuz |-man

-man |-men -man

trey tre trey-ace 'tre'es

triforium trai'foriam, -'far-; S -'for-;

triable 'traiabl

trig trig [trigged trigd

triad 'traiaed, -ad

trigger 'triga^;

trial 'traial, trail

triglyph 'traiglif |-ed

triangle 'traijjeijgl ]-d -d |-ling -glig, -giro

triangular trai'aeggjala^;

|-s

ES

ES

'triga(r; [-ed

triglyphic trai'glifik

trigonometric

-'aeggjala(r

-d

-t |-al -1
|-al -1

jtrigana'metrik

[-al

-1

[-afly

-h, -ikh

triangularity jtraiaeggja'Iaerati, trai^aeg-

triangulate adj trai'aeggjalit, -Jet

trigonometry jtnga'namatri; ES-t--'nDm-

triangulate v trai'seggja^let |-lated -Jetid

trigraph 'traigraef; E-i--graf, -graf

triangulation itraiaeggja'lejan, trai^aeg-

trihedron trai'hidran

Trias 'traias

trilateral trai'laetaral [-ly -i

|-sic

trai'aesik

Trilby

tribal 'traibl ]-ly -i

tribase 'trai^bes

|-sic

tribe traib |-sman

trai'besik

-z |-dra -dra

'trilbi

ES

trilinear trai'linia';

-zman |-smen -zman

|-s

-'lini-aCr

trilingual trai'liggvval

tribrach 'traibraek, 'trib-

triUteral trai'htaral [-ly -i

tribulation Jribja'le/an

trill tril [trilled

tribunal tri'bjunl, trai-, -'biun-

trillion 'triljan |-th -6 [-ths -Gs

tribunate 'tribjanit, -^net

trillium 'triliam

tribune 'tribjun, newspapers often tri'bjun.

trilobate trai'lobet [-d -id |-bal -bl

-'biun

trild

-z

|-s

trilobite 'traila^bait

tributary 'tribjajteri

trilogic tri'ladsik, trai-; ES-t--'liod5-

tribute 'tribjut |-buted -bjutid

trilogy 'triladsi

trice trais

trim trim -med -d |-mer

trices 'traisiz [triced traist

ES

trimeter 'trimata-;

triceps 'traiseps |-es -iz |-cipites trai'sipajtiz

trimetric trai'metrik

trichina tri'kaina |-nae -ni -nous 'trikanas

trimonthly trai'mAnGli

See in full 3^7.

jbath baeO;

bee bi [pity

baG (10) [ah a

[far

'piti

-3^;

ES

-a(r

'trimata(r

tricentennial jtraisen'temal, -njal

Key:

-z

[-ria -la

|-al -}

(6) [rate ret |yet jet [sang saeg [angry 'asg-gri

far [watch watj,

wntj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go


Trinculo
Those words below in which

a sound

the

is spelt

T- tram

trivia 'trivia

trinitrotoluene traijnaitro'taljujin

triviahty ^trivi'aelati

T-

trio

music

Trio

'trio

'trio,

'tnvjal, -vial

]-l

triviahze 'trivial^aiz, -vjal-

'trinati

trivium 'triviam

trinket 'trigkit |-ed -id |-ry -ri

trinomial trai'nomial

-i |-Ient

trivet 'trivit

|-ian jtrina'daedian

Trinitarian ^trma'terian, -'ter- |-ism -jizam

trinity,

and S

-lant

[-nal -1

Trinidad 'trinajdaed

are often pronounced with n in

trivalence trai'velans, 'trivalans |-cy

Trinculo 'trigkjajo
trine,

troublesome

439

|-ly -i

|-ism -^izam

'group of three'

'trio, 'traio

|-s

-iz |-d -d

|-via -via

triweekly trai'wikli ('tri^weekly 'news)

Trix triks

-iz ]-y, -ie -i

|-'s

Troad 'trod

triolet 'traiaht

Troas

trip trip [tripped tript

Trocadero ^traka'diro {Fr trakade'ro)

tripartite trai'partait, 'tripa^^tait;

ES

-'pa:t-,

'troas, 'troaes

-iz

|-'s

trochaic tro'ke-ik

troche 'troki

-pa-, E+-'pa:t-

trochee 'troki

tripe traip

triphthong 'trifOag,

'trip-,

trod trad trodden 'tradn

-Gng |-ed -d

triphthongal trif'Gaggl, trip-,

-'fiagl,

-'Gog-

troglodyte 'tragla^dait, 'trogTroilus 'trailas, 'tro-ilas

j-ly -I

triple 'tripl |-d -d |-ling -plig, -plig

Trojan 'trodsan

triplet 'triplit

troll trol

|-s

|-'s

in Chaucer

-iz

usually trisyllabic; in Shak. only twice so

triplane 'trai^plen

-s

triplex 'tripleks, 'trai-

trolled trold

trolley, -lly 'trail |-ed, -ied -d

tripHcate n, adj 'tripbkit, -jket

trollop 'tralap |-ed -t

triplicate v 'tripla^ket |-cated -^ketid^

Trollope 'tralap |-pian tra'lopian

triplication jtripla'ke/an

trombone 'trambon, tram'bon ('trom^bone

triply 'tripli

'solo)

Trondheim, -hjem 'tranhem, 'tranjem

tripod 'traipad
Tripoli 'tripali |-tan tri'palatn

trone tron troned trond

Tripolis 'tripalis

troop trup |trooped trupt

|-'s

-iz

tripos 'traipas |-es -iz

trope trop

triptych 'triptik

trophic 'trafik

trireme 'trairim

trophy

trisect trai'sekt |-ed -id |-ction

-k/an

triste

Fr

troposphere

trist

Tristram 'tristram
-ikh

'tropa^sfir;

ES

tro'pistik

-jsfia(r,

S+

troppo 'trapo (It "'lappo)

Trossachs 'trasaeks, -saks,

trisyllable tri'silabi, trai-, 'trisil-, 'trai-

trot trat

trite trait

troth traG, troG, trnG

Triton 'traitn

'trns-

trotted 'tratid
|-'s

-Gs |-ths -Gs, -tJz

|-ed -t

triturate 'tritjajret [-d -id |-tion jtrit/a 're/an

Trotsky

triumph 'traiamf, -mpf

trotter 'trata^;

|-ed -t

triumphal trai'Ainfl, -'Ampfl

triumphance trai'Amfans, -'Ampf-

'tratski

troubadour
|-cy -i |-nt

ES

'trata(r

'truba^dur,

-jdor,

-jdar;

ES

-jdua(r, -jdoa(r, E+-jdaa(r

Troubetskoy tru/b8t'skai, -'betskai

-nt

ES

-'Amva(r; |-ate

-it

triune 'traijun, trai'jun ('tribune 'God)

|full

-ikb

|-ist -ist |-pistic

-jsfea(r

trisyllabic ^trisi'laebik, jtrai- |-al -1 |-ally -li,

triumvir trai'Amva';

-a(r

-d

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

tropism 'tropizam

Tristan 'tristsn

ES

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

'trofi |-ied

tropic 'trapik

|-er -9-;

ful Itooth tuG Ifurther 'fytia^;

ES

trouble 'trAbl \-d -d j-hng 'trAbhg, -blig

troublesome 'trAblsam
'fstSa

|-ly -li

Jcustom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau |toy

|using 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij (vision 'vi3an |Eden 'idn |cradle 'kredl |keep

tai

'em 'kipm


troublous

440

tuft

troublous 'trAbbs

Tryon

Troubridge 'trubrids, cf Trowbridge

trough traf, trof, -6 |-s -fs, -vz, -Os, -Sz

tryout 'trai^aut

is esp.freq.

N Engd.

in

try-square 'traijskwer, -jskwaer;

|-d -t

ES

troupe trup |trouped trupt

ES

trypanosome 'tnpana^som
trysail 'trai^sel, naut. 'traisl

trounce trauns [trounces 'traunsiz

trousered 'trauzd;

'traisn

-zad; |-sers -z

ES

E+tsa:(r

tsar tsar;

trout traut |trouted 'trautid

tsarevitch 'tsara^vitj;

ES

ES

'trov3(r

trow tro trowed trod

|-'s -iz,

cf

Troubridge

-an |-ans -anz

t- trDi |-an

truce trus, trms

'triu- |-ant

E+tsa-wsky

truculence 'trAkjalans, 'truk- |-cy

trudge trAds [trudges 'trAdsiz

|-d

-i |-nt

-nt

Tuba

truepenny 'tru^peni,

Tubal

'triu-

-d

tuber

'trmh

truncheon

'tuba
'tjubj, 'tiubl, 'tubl
'tiu-, 'tu-

[-bal -1 [-bar -3^;

'tjuba^, 'tiu-, 'tu-;

tubercle 'tjuba-kl,

|-d -id |-tion

'tr Ant/an

ES

ES

'tiu-, 'tu-;

|-ery -an, -ri

tuberculosis

ES
trAg'ke/an

|-ed -d

tjujbs^kja'losis,

tiu-,

tuberose 'tuberous' 'tjuba^ros,

tuberose

_^o?iief

tubule 'tjubjul, 'tiubjul, 'tubjul

Truro

tuck,

'truro, 'triuro

trustworthy 'trAstiWytSi;

ES

-jwaSi, -jWySi

'tiu-, 'tu-;

T-

'tAka^;

ES

ES

'tAka(r;

-iz

-la(r

|-ed -d

j-ing

tucket 'tAkit

Tucson tu'san, -'son, -'san

Tudor 'tjuda^, 'tiu-, 'tu-; ES
Tuesday 'tjuzdi, 'tiuz-, 'tuz

trusty 'trAsti
-Gs |-ths

-tJz,

-Gs

[-ly -i

arc/ -i-

'Tucson

-da(r
see

IMonday

tufa 'tjufa, 'tiufa, 'tufa

try trai [tried traid

ES + -lDn

tuff tAf

-pn

See in full 3-47.

[-s

'tiu-, 'tu-

'tAkarig, 'tAkrig

trustful 'trAstfal [-ly -i

[bath baeG;

ta-;

T- tAk [tucked tAkt

tucker,

trust ttAst [trusted 'trAstid |-ee trAs'ti

Key;

tu-,

tuckahoe, T- 'tAka^ho

trusses 'trAsiz [trussed trAst

try-on 'trai^an, -jon,

-'bs-

'tiu-, 'tu-

tubular 'tjubjala^,

trylon 'trailan;

ES

'tjub^roz, 'tiub-, 'tub-

trunnion, T- 'trAnjan |-ed -d

truthful HruGfal, 'triuG-

-bakl

-jbsk-, -^bs'k-

trunk trAgk [trunked trAgkt

|-'s

-a(r

kjala(r, -'bykjala(r; [-lin -lin |-lous -las

tuberous 'tjubaras,

truth true, triuO

ES

-ba(r

trundle 'trAndl |-d -d |-ling 'trAndhg, -dlig

truss trAs

-z |-bae -bi

tubercular tju'bykjala^, tiu-, tu-, ta-;

'triu-

Trumbull 'trAinbl
trump trAmp [trumped trAmpt
trumpet 'trAmpit |-ed -id
truncate 'trAgket

[-s

tree 'tuba

tube tjub, tiub, tub

'triu-

'truman,

ES

'tsu/ijina

Tubal-cain 'tjublyken,

trull trAl
'truli,

-jskweaCr,

tuba nut, liquor 'tuba

'trAdsan |-ed -d

truffle 'trAfl, 'trufl |-d

tuba 'horn' 'tjuba, 'tiuba, 'tuba

tuba mythical

-d

true tru, triu |-d -d ]-love -jIav

truly

-'knf-.

tub tAb [tubbed tAbd

truckle 'trAkl |-d -d |-ling 'trAklig, -klig

Truman

t/ai'kafski,

tsetse 'tsetsi

Tsushima tsalfima,
Tuareg 'twareg

j-s -iz |-d -t

truism 'truizam,

-iz

-jskwaeaCr

t-

tsarina tsaVina;

Tschaikovsky,

T-square 'ti^skwer, -jskwaer;

-ant

truck trAk trucked trAkt

Trudgen,

|-'s

Tsingtao 'tsig'tau

trowel 'traual, traul |-ed -d

truancy 'truansi,

E + 'tsara-;

-vski, -'kauski

Trowbridge 'trobrids
Troy,

tsa:(r,

tsarevna tsa'rsvna; E+tsa-

-V3(r

trove trov
trover 'trova^;

-jskweaCr,

tryst trist, traist [-ed -id

trousseau tru'so, 'truso

trouvere tru'ver;

-jskwaea(r

tuft tAft [tufted 'tAftid

bee bi [pity

baG (10) [ah a

[far

'piti

(6) [rate ret [yet jet jsang sajg [angry 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj, wotj" (12) jjaw dsa [gorge gard3 [go go

tug

441

turpitude

tug tAg Itugged tAgd |-boat -jbot

turbinate v 'tyba^net;

Tuileries 'twilariz {Fr

turbine 'tybain,

tqil'ri)

tuition tju'i/an, tiu-, tu- |-al -1 |-ary

Tulane

tju'len, tiu-, tu-

Tulare

tu'leri, -'laeri;

ES

turbot 'tybat;

iCri

ES

ES

Turco

tulip 'tjubp, 'tiu-, 'tu-, -ip

Turcoman 'tykaman; ES

jtAb'mor,

ES

-'mor;

'moa(r.

Tulsa

'tAlsa

'ta^ko;

ts^f ;

- 'xjuan)

'genjif)

ES 'tAmbbCr

Turin

tumefaction jtjuma'faekj'an,

Turk

^tiu-, ^tu-

ES

ta-k;

Turkestan

tumidity tju'midati,

Turkmen

ES

'tjuma', 'tiu-, 'tu-;

-m3(r; 1-ed -d

tumult 'tjumAlt,

'tu- |-es -iz

-li

-Jai

'tads-, 'ta^ds-

ES

ta-, ty-

tak, ta^k; |-ish -ij

^tyki'staen,

-'stan;

ES

^taki-.

.ta-ki-

Turkey,

t- 'ta^ki;

ES 'taki, 'tyki
ES 'tak-, 'tyk-

'tankmen;

Turkmenistan

tuna 'tuna

turn ta^n;

Tunb ridge 'tAnbnds

|-'s

jtykmeni'staen,

-'stan;

ES

|-d

|-'s

-iz

-n

|-n

tAijk'baenak

tunnel 'tAnl [-ed -d

'tAiu

Tunstall 'tAnstl

tup tAp tupped tApt

1

t- 'tjupajlo, 'tiu-, 'tu-

turban 'ta^ban;

tiu-, tu- |-n -n

ES

'tsb-, 'tyb-; ]-ed -d

Turberville, -vile 'ts'ba^jVil;

turbid 'tybid;

ES

ES

'tsba-, 'ta^ba-

ES

t3-,

-d

[-about

ful |tooth tu6 [further

ES

l-d-d
'tapin, 'typin

turpitude 'typajtiud, -jtiud, -jtud;

ty-

turbinate adj 'tybanit, -^net;

'ta-p-;

Turpin 'typin; ES

'tabid, 'ts^bid

turbidity ty'bidati;

|-ed

ES 'tan-, 'tynES 'tan-, 'tynturncoat 'tyn^kot; ES 'tan-, 'tyn-; |-ed -id

turndown 'tyn^daun; ES 'tan-, 'tynturner, T- 'tyna^; ES 'tanaCr, 'tynaCr
turnip 'tynap, -ip; ES 'tan-, 'tyn-; j-ed -t
turnkey 'tyn^ki; ES 'tan-, 'tynturnout 'tyn^aut; ES 'tan-, 'tynturnover 'ta^UjOva-; ES 'tanjOva(r, 'tynjOvaCr
turnpike 'tyn^paik; ES 'tan-, 'tyn-; [-d -t
turnspit 'tyn^spit; ES 'tan-, 'tynturnstile 'tyn^stail; ES 'tan-, 'tynturntable 'tyn^tebl; ES 'tan-, 'tynturpentine 'ta^pan^tain, 'typm-; ES 'tap-,

'tiu-, 'tu- |-ked -t |-le -j

Turania tju'renia,

ta^n;

-Ink

turnbuckle 'tyn^bAkl;

Tunisia tju'ni/ia, tiu-, tu-, -/a

Tunkhannock

tan,

-z

Turnbull 'tyn^bul;

-d

tungsten 'tAgstan

'tjunis, 'tiu-, 'tu-

ES

ES 'ta-, 'ty-,
ES 'ta-, 'ty-

|-s

-a^baut

-iz

tundra 'tAndra, 'tundra

tune tjun, tiun, tun
tunic 'tjunik,

Turlock 'tylak;
turmoil 'tymail;

ffull

ES

Turkoman 'ta^kaman; ES 'tak-, 'tyk-;

Turkomen 'tyka^men; ES 'tak-, 'tyk-

'tiu-, 'tu- |-ed -id

tju'iriAkJ'uas, tiu-, tu-

tumulus 'tjumjabs, 'tiu-,

tun tAn tunned tAnd

Tupelo,

j-cy -i

^tak-, ;tyk-

|-OUS -3S

tunny

ta-, ty-;

'tjurin, 'tiu-, 'tu-

tumefy 'tjumajfai, 'tiu-, 'tu- |-fied -jfaid

tumescence tju'mesns, tiu-, tu- |-scent -snt
tumid 'tjumid, 'tiu-, 'tutiu-, tu-

ES

-scent -snt

turgidity ty'dsidati;

tumbrel, -bril 'tAmbral

'tads-, 'tyds-

turgescence ty'dsesns;

turgid 'ta'dsid;

'shed)

Tunis

ES

turgent 'ta^dsant;

tumbler 'tAmbla^;

tumultuous

'tak-, 'tyk-; j-s -z

turf V tyf ;

tumble 'tAmbl |-d -d |-ling 'tAmbkg, - bjiO

tumble-down 'tAmbl'daun ('tumble -jdown

tumor

'tako, 'tyko

tureen tu'rin, tiu'rin, tju'rin

turf

Tullichewan jtAli'kjuan, -'kiuan {Sc

'tAli

'tab-, 'tyb-; |-cy -i

ES taf, tyf |-'s -s |-s -s or -rves -vz

ES taf, tyf; |-s -s |-ed -t
Turgenev tur'genjif; ES tua-; {Rus tur-

E+-'m33(r; ('Tulla^more 'Road)

tulle tjul, tiul, tul {Fr tyl)

Tully

'ts-, 'ty-

|-lent -lant

-'laeri

tularemia, -raem- jtulaVimia

Tullamore

'tab-, 'tyb-; |-d -id

'ta-, 'ty-

turbulence 'tybjalans;

ES

-bm; ES

'tab- , 'tyb-

'fa^'Sa^;

ES

'fatJa

ES

'tap-.

'typ-

|custom 'kAstam [while hwail |how hau |toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, liuz |dish dij" [vision 'vigan [Eden 'Id^ [cradle 'kredj [keep 'em 'kipip

'tykwoiz,

turquoise

ES

-koiz;

'ts-,

tweedledee, T- ^twidj'di

'ty-;

ES

turret 'tyit, 'turit;

ma6,

'tsr-, 'tAr-, 'ty-, 'tur-;

ES

turtle 'tytl;

'tstl, 'tytl; \-d

turves tyvz;

ES

Tweddell

ES

-^miur;

'tween twin
tweezers 'twiza-z;

Tuscaloosa ^tAska'lusa

Tuscarora jtAska'rora,

'twidz^mjur,

tweet- tweet 'twit'twit |-ed -id

tsvz, ts'vz

Tuscan 'tAskan |-y -i

Tuscarawas jtAskaVawas

-jmaufl, loc. 'twsd-

-;mjua(r, -jmiua(r

-d 1-ling -tlio.

|-dove -'dAV, -jdAV

-tlio

cf

Tweedsmuir

|-ed -id

-d |-dum -'dAm

|-d

Tweedmouth 'twidmaO,

-IZ

|-S

twofold

442

turquoise

ES

-zaz; |-zered -zad;

ES

-zad
twelfth twelfe |-ths -Gs

-iz

|-'s

Twelfth-night 'twelfO^nait

S -'rora

-'rDra;

Tusculum 'tAskjabm

twelve twelv |-mo -mo |-month -jmAn6

tush tAj tushes 'IaJiz |tushed tAjt

twelvepenny 'twElv^peni, -pani

tusk tAsk tusked tAskt

Twemlow

Tuskegee tAs'kigi
Tussaud ta'so, tu-

twenty 'twenti

tussle 'tAsj |-d -d |-ling 'tAslig, HasIiq

'twere

inlj

ES

twice-told 'twais'told ('Twice-^Told 'Tales)

alveolar click)

Twickenham 'twikanam, 'twiknam, /orwzer/y

tut n, V tAt tutted 'tAtid

1

Tutankhamen jtutagk'anun, -an

{17c

-l-'twit-

Twittenham)
-d |-hng 'twidlig, -djig

tutelage 'tutlid5, 'tm-, 'tju-

twiddle 'twidl

tutelary 'tutljEri, 'tiu-, 'tju-

twig twig twigged twigd

tutor

'tuta-, 'tiu-, 'tju-;

ES

|-d

twilight 'twaijlait

-t3(r; [-ed -d

twill twil

tutorial tu'torial, tiu-, tju-, -'tar-; S -'tor-;

'twill

l-ly -I

'it

twilled twild

will' stressed 'twil, ^twil; imstr. tl

Unstr. twal, twl are rarely used.

tutti-frutti 'tuti'fruti (It 'tuttl'frutti)

Tuttle

twin twin twins twinz twinned twind

'tAtl

tu-whit tu'hwit tu-whoo tu'hwu

twine twain twined twaind

Tuxedo,

twinge twinds twinges 'twindsiz

t-

-3(r,

twa(r

twice twais

tongue-blade

suction

'loss)

ES

were' stressed 'twy, jtwy;

'it

-y; unstr. twa^;

-t

(voiceless

|-tieth -tiiG |-tieths -tiiGs

twentyfold 'twenti'fold ('twenty jfold

tussock ^Asak |-ed

tut

'twemlo

tAk'sido, -da

Twaddell musician,

|-d

-d

|-d

twinkle 'twigkl

linguist twa'del, physicist

-d |-ling 'twigklig, -klig

twinkling n 'twigklig

'twadl, 'twodi

twaddle 'twadl, 'twodl

ES

twirl tws^l;

-d |-ling -dlig.

|-d

twsl, tw3^1; |-ed -d

twist twist twisted 'twistid

-dlio

twain, T- twen |-ed -d

twit twit [twitted 'twitid

twang twaso twanged twaeod

twitch

twit/

[twitches

[twitched

'twitjiz

'twas

'it

twit/t

was' stressed 'twaz, 'twoz, 'tWAz,

jtwaz, jtwDz, (twAz; unstr. twaz

twitter

'twasn't Ht was not' 'twaznt, 'twoznt, 'twAznt,

Tweed-dale; 'twidjdel, 'twidl, twa'dtl,

are due to other influences.

tweedle 'twidl

Key:

|-d

-d

|-ed

-d

|-ing

two tu
of

etc.,

Cf Tweedmouth

two-by-four adj 'tuba'for,

-'far;

ES

-'foaCr,

ES

-ifoa(r.

E + -'fa3(r
two-by-four n

'tuba jf or,

-jfar;

E4--jfaa(r

two-faced

'twidl

'tu'fest ('two-^faced 'Janus)

two-fisted 'tu'fistid
|-ling 'twidlig, -dlii)

See in full 3^7.

|bath baeG;

'twita(r;

'twixt twikst

jtwaznt, jtwnznt, ^twAznt

tweak twik tweaked twikt

Tweddell 'twtdl the purely phonetic form

Tweed, t- twid
Tweeddale 'twid^del,
Tweedle 'twidj

ES

'twit*;

'twitarig, -trig

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

twofold adj, adv 'tu'fold ('twojfold 'gain)

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr},' 'aeg-gri

far [watch wat/,

wnt/

(12) jjaw dsa [gorge gard3 [go go

two-handed

ulceration

443

two-handed 'tu'haendid ('two-^handed

typhoon tai'fun
typhous 'taifas [typhus

'en-

gine)

'taifss

two-legged 'tu'kgid, -'kgd

typic 'tipik

twopence 'tApans

typify 'tip3jfai |-fied -^faid

'twould

'it

-iz

|-s

twopenny 'tu^pem,
twosome 'tusam

-pani, 'tApam

typist 'taipist

typographer tai'pagrafa^, -'pug-;

would''

'twud,

stressed

jtwud;

j-phy

unstr. twad
two-way 'tu'we ('two-jway 'bridge)
Twyford 'twaifa'd; ES 'twaifad
Tybalt 'tiblt

Tyburn

ES

'taiba'n;

Tychicus 'tikikss

Tycho

typothetae tai'pa63jti,
tyrannic ti'raenik, tai-

[-ally

-li,

jtaipa'Oiti; ES-i--'pd6|-al -1 [-ally -li [-icly

[-s

-iz |-d -d

tyrannous 'tiranas j-ny -ni

'taiga^t;

ES

tyrant 'tairant [-ed -id

'taigat

tying 'tang

Tyre

tyke talk

tyre tair;
'taila^;

tympan 'timpan

ES

|-ic

|-s

tair;

ES tai3(r; |-rian
ES taia(r; j-d -d

Tyrol

-z |-na -na ]-ny -ni

Tyndale 'tmdl |Tyndall 'tmdl

Tyne tain -mouth 'tinmaG, 'tain|

'tiral, -al, -dI, ti'rol

Tyrolean

ti'rolian, jtira'lian

Tyrolese

jtira'llz

Irel ti'ron,

'tiral, 'teral,

type taip |t3^ed taipt [-script -jskript

Tyrrhenian

Tyrtaeus ty'tias;

'tai'pi |-s -z

ES

typewrite

[-wrote

'taip^rait

ES

Tyrwhitt

-jSt3(r
-^rot

[-written

-3(r

tai'ron, ti-

cf Terrell

ti'rinian

ES

t3-, ty-; j-'s -iz

'tint, 'tent, cf Tyrrell

Tyson

'taisn

Tytler

'taitla^;

tzar tsar;

'taifaid, tai'faid ('ty^phoid 'fever)

US

Tyrone
Tyrrell

Typee

tjrpesetter 'taipjseta';

'tirian

tyro 'tairo

'tailaCr

tim'paenik

tympanum 'timpsnam
Tynan 'tainan

typhoid

-1

tyrannicide ti'raenajsaid, tai-

-iz

tyrannize 'tirs^naiz

-jritn |-r -3^;

[-al

-ikh

tycoon tai'kun

Tyler, -lor

-f3(r;

-ikh

'taiban

|-'s

ES

-fi

typographic ^taipa'graefik

'taiko

Tygart

|-al -1 [-ally -li, -ikli

ES

ES

'taitb(r

tsa:(r, E-t-tsa:(r

typhoidal tai'foidl

tzarina tsa'rina; E-t-tsa-

typhonic tai'fanik; ES-h-'fon-

tzetze 'tsetsi

U
U, u

letter ju,

jiu \pl U*s, Us, pass U's juz, jiuz

ubiety ju'baiati
-ti

U'bA,

'no' ']ia'*''*a (nasal a)

Uhland 'uland {Ger

'urlant)

Uinta, -h ju'inta

'jujbot

Udall, Udale, Udell 'judl, cf

'yes^

uhlan 'ulan, 'ulan

ubiquitary ju'bikwa^ten |-tous -tas [-ty

U-boat

uh-huh

Yewdale

uitlander,

U-

'ait^Iaenda^;

udder 'Ada^; ES 'Ada(r; j-ed -d |-ful -jful

udometer ju'damata^; ES -'damataCr, -'dom-

ukase 'jukes, ju'kez

udometric juda'metrik

Ukraine

ugh ux

ju'gaenda, u'ganda

ful [tooth tuG [further 'fytJa^;

{Du

'jukren,

ju'kren,

ju'krain

[-nian

ukulele Juka'leh (Hawaii juku'lele)

&" various guttural soimds

ulcer

ugly 'Agh
[full

-JaendaCr;

ju'krenian, -'kramian

Uffizi Gallery u'fitsi

Uganda

ES

'ceytjlandar)

'aW; ES

'Alsa(r; [-ate -^et |-ous -as

ulceration jAlsa're/an

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vigan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kred} [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

Uifilas 'Alfibs, 'ul-

ullage Ulids

l-'s

umph mmip

-11

-iz |-d -d

|-s

Ullswater 'Alz^wDta^, -^wa-, -jWd-;

ulna 'Alna

U-

|-s

ES

-taCr

ulterior Al'tiria^;

and nasal

umpire 'Ampair; ES 'Ampaia(r;

|-d

-d

Umpqua 'Ampkwa
umpteen 'Amp'tin

-z |-nae -ni

'Alsta^;

&* various other grunts

puffs

Ulmus, u- 'Almas
ulster,

unanswerable

444

Uifilas

ES 'Alst3(r;
ES -'tiri'3(r

un- prefix An-,

|-ite -^ait

and meaning

Una

ultima 'Altama |-mate -mit

ultima Thule 'Altama'ejuli,

ultimatum jAlta'metam

|-s

|-th -G |-tietli -tiiO

jAii-,

{see

'An- according to rhythm

19)

'juna

unabashed jAna'baeJt ]-basliedly

unabated jAna'betid ('una^bated

-'Oiuli

-z |-ta -ta

-'baefidli
'zeal)

unable An'ebl

ultimo 'Alta^mo

unabridged jAna'bridsd |-bridgedly -'bndj-

ultra 'Altra

ES

ultraconservative jAltrakan'ss^vativ;

-'s3v-.

idh

unaccented An'aeksentid, ^Anaek'sentid

-'syv-

ultrafashionable jAltra'faefnabl, -'fae/ana-

unacceptable ^Anak'septabl, -ik-

ultramarine jAltrama'rin

unaccommodating

ultramicroscopic jAltrajmaikra'skapik;

ES +

ES

jAltra'mada^n;

-'mnd-; [-ism -jizam

ultramodernistic

ES +

unaccompanied jAna'kAmpanid
unaccountable ^Ana'kauntab}

|-al -1

ultramodern

-bk

-'kom-

ultramicroscope Altra 'maikra jskop

-'skopik;

|-bly

jAna'kama^detig;

-^madan.

|-ist -ist

ES

jAltrajinada'n'istik;

|-bly

unaccounted-for ^Ana'kauntid^far;

-bh

ES

-jfaaCr

unaccustomed jAna'kAStamd
unacquainted jAna'kwentid
unaddressed ^Ana'drest ('unadjdressed 'note)

-jmadan-, -jmndan-

ultramontane jAltra'manten; ES+-^mDn-

ES

unadorned jAna'damd;

ultramundane jAltra'mAnden

-'daand; [-nedly

-mdli

ultranationalism jAltra'naeJnaljizam, -/anal-

unadulterated jAna'dAlta^retid

ultrareligious jAltrari'lidsas

unadvisable /Anad'vaizabl |-bly -bli

ultraroyalist jAltra'roialist, -'rojalist

unadvised ^Anad'vaizd |-visedly -'vaizidh

ultraviolet jAltraVaiabt

unaffected jAna'fektid ('unaf^fected 'joy)

unafraid Ana 'fred

ultra vires jAltra'vairiz

ululant 'juljabnt |-late

unaided An'edid ('un^aided

-jlet j-lated -^letid

Unalaska ^una'laeska, jAn-

Ulysses ju'lisiz Ulysses' ju'lisiz

|

umbel 'Ambl

j-ed -d j-lar -a^;

umbellate 'Amblit,

ES

'Ambarig,

unalienable An'eljanabl, -'elian- |-bly -bli

-a(r

unallotted jAna'latid;

-^et |-ated -^etid

umber 'Amba^; ES 'Amba(r;

-d |-ing

[-ed

ES + -'lDtid

unallowable ^Ana'lauabl |-bly -bli

unalloyed ^Ana'bid ('unal^loyed 'pleasure)

-briij

umbilical Am'bibkl

'effort)

Unaka ju'neka

ululation Julja'le/an

unalterable An'altarabl, -tra- |-bly -bk

|-ly -i

umbilicus Ain'bihkas, jAmbi'laikas

|-es

-iz

unaltered An'alta^d;

ES

-'altad

umbles Umblz

unambiguous jAnaem'bigjuas
un-American jAna'mrakan ('un-Ajmerican

umbra 'Ambra |-s -z |-brae -bri

umbrage 'Ambrids |-s -iz |-d -d

unaneled 'unannai>ited' jAna'nild

|-ci -ijsai, -'laisai

'way)

umbrageous Am'bredsas

unanimity Juna'nimati

umbrella Am'brela, am-

unanimous ju'naenamas,

Umbria Umbria

unannealed 'imsofiened' ,Ana'nild

|-n

-n

ju-

umbriferous Am'brifaras

unannounced jAna'naunst

umiak, oom- 'umijaek

unanswerable An'aensarabl, -sra-;

umlaut 'umlaut |umlauted 'umlautid

Key:

See in full 3-47.

|bath

lb!a:

bee bi |pity

bad (10) |ah a

|far

-'an-; |-bly
'piti

(6) |rate ret

far |watch watj,

wntj

E + -'an-,

-bh

Ij^et

jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeo-gri

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go


unanswered

445

unanswered An'aensa^d; ES -'aensad, E + -'an-,

unbelief ^Anba'lif,

unbelievable

-'an-

unappeasable jAna'pizabl

|-bly -bli

l-bly

unappreciable jAna'pri/iabl, -Jabl |-bly -bli

unappreciated jAna'pri/ijCtid

unapproached /Ana'prot/t
unapproved ^Ana'pruvd ('unap^proved 'act)
unapt An'aept
unargued An'argjud; ES -'a:gjud; E +

E + -'a:m;

ES

-bi'liva^;

-'bent or -bended

|-bent

unbeseeming jAnbi'simig
unbiased An'baiast ('un^biased 'view)

unbid An'bid ]-den -n

|-ed -d

unbind An'baind |-bound -'baund

unblamable An'blemabl |-bly -bh
unbleached An'blitjt ('un^bleached 'musUn)

|-edly -idli

unarmored

-bl'iva',

-'bendid |-able -abj |-bly -bh

-'argjud

-'a:m,

-bi'liv-

unbelt An'beh |-ed -id

unbend An'bend

-bh

|-bly

-bj'iv-,

-bh

-V3(r; |-ving -vig

|-tive -tiv

unapproachable jAna'protJabl

AnWm; ES

-bl'if, -bi'llf

jAnba'livabj,

unbeliever jAnba'liva',

unappetizing An'ep3,taizig

unarm

uncared-for

An'arma^d;

ES

E+

-'aimad,

unblemished An'bknujt
unblessed, -st An'blest j-sedness -sidnis

-'a.-mad

ES

unartistic jAnar'tistik;

-a:'tistik,

E + -a:-;

|-al -1 |-ally -li, -ikli

unashamed jAna'/emd |-shamedly

unasked An'aeskt;

-'/emidli

unblushing An'blA/ig

unbodied An'badid; ES + -'bDdid

unbolt An'bok i-ed -id

unborn

-'askt, -'asskt, -'askt

ES

Aii'barn;

-'boan

unassailable jAna'sebbl |-bly -bh

unbosom An'buzam, -'buzam

unassimilated jAna'simaJetid

unbought An'bat
unbounded Aii'baundid ('un^bounded
unbowed 'not bowed down' An'baud
unbowed 'not bent as a bow' An'bod

unassisted ^Ana'sistid ('unas^sisted 'eye)

unassummg jAna'sumig,
unattached

-'sium-, -'sjum-

jAna'taet/t ('unat^tached 'rope)

|-ed -d

'joy)

unattainable jAna'tenabl |-bly -bh

unbrace An'bres

|-s

unattested ^Ana'testid

unbraid Aii'bred

|-ed -id ('un^braided 'hair)

-iz |-d -t

-bh

unbreakable An'brekabl

|-bly

unauspicious jAno'spiJas ('unau,spicious 'day)

unbreathed An'briSd

cf

breathed

unauthentic yAna'Oentik

unbridle An'braidl

-d |-ling -dhg, -dlig

unattractive jAna'traektiv ('unat^tractive

|-ally -h,

'air)

-ikh

|-d

unauthenticated jAna'Oenti/ketid

unbroken An'brokan ('un^broken

unauthorized An'aOajraizd |-zedly -zidh

unbruised Aii'bruzd, -'briuzd

unavailable jAna'velabl |-bly -bh

unbuckle Ao'bAkl

unavailing yAna'vehg ('unajvailing 'plea)

unburden

unavenged ^Ana'vendsd

-'wa23(r;

|-s

-'waer;

-'w3(r,

|-s

unbutton An'bAtn

unbaptized ^Anbaep'taizd

-'baer-;

uncage An'kedj

|-red -d

-bh

|-ing

-'bAtnig,

unbeaten An'bitn ('un^beaten 'team)

unbecoming jAnbi'kAmig

-d

ES

-jfaaCr

|-nily -'kaenli,

uncanonical jAnka'nanikl;
-I,

-nih

ES + -'nDn-;

|-ly

-ikh

uncap An'kaep |uncapped An'kaept

uncared-for An'kerdjfar, -'kaerd-;

unbeknown ^Anbi'non

jfaaCr,

ES

|-s -iz |-d

uncalled-for An'kaldjfar;

uncanny An'kaeni

-'baer-; |-bly

ful |tooth tu8 [further 'fy'Sa';

-d

|-ed

-tnig

-iz |-d -t

unbar An'bar; ES -'ba:(r, E + -'ba:(r;

unbated An'betid ('unabated 'zeal)

|full

|-nt

-nt

unbusinesshke An'biznisjaik

-z

unbearable An'berabl,

-'bydn;

-'bsdn,

unburned An'bend; ES -'bsnd, -'b^nd;

ES

unbaked An'bekt ('un^baked 'dough)

unbalance An'baelans

ES

unburied An'bend

unavowed jAna'vaud |-vowedly -'vauidh

jAna'vver,

-d |-ling -khg, -khg

l-ed-d

unavoidable jAna'vaidabl |-bly -bh

unaware

|-d

An'bydn;

'series)

'fstSa

ES

-'kead-

-'kaead-

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

An'kaetjpgd,

-logged

uncatalogued,

uncorroborated

446

uncatalogued

-^agd,

uncommercial
-'my/al;

-,Dgd

/Anka'myjal;

ES

-'ms/al,

|-ly -i

uncommon An'kaman; ES-h-'kom-

uncaught An'kot

uncommunicative jAnka'mjunajketiv, -'miununcomplaining jAnkam'plenig

uncompleted jAnkam'plitid ('uncom^pleted

unceasing An'sisig ('unjceasing 'flow)

ES
uncensured An'senJVd; ES
uncensored An'sensa'd;

-'sensad
-'senjad

unceremonious jAnsera'monias, -'monjas

uncertain An'sytn, -'sytin;

ES

'job)

-'sat-, -'syt-;

uncomplimentary jAnkampla'mEntari,

-tri;

ES+'kom-

l-ty -ti

unchain An't/en lunchained An'tjend

unchallenged An't/aehndsd, -andsd
|-bly -bh
unchanged An'tjendsd |-ness -'t/endsidnis
unchanging An't/endsig ('un^changing 'heat)

unchangeable An't/endsabj

uncharitable An't/aeratabl |-bly -bli

uncharted An'tjartid;

ES

-'tjaitid,

uncomprehending ^Ankampn'hEndig; ES +
-komuncompromising An'kamprSjinaizig; ES +
-'komunconcealed ^Ankan'sild ('uncon,cealed

unconcern ^Ankan'ss^n;

E+-'tXa:t-

unchaste An'tjest

ES

-d |-edly -idh

unconcerted ^Ankan'sytid;

unchastened An't/esrid ('un^chastened

'heart)

'ire)

-'ssn, -'s3"n; j-ed

ES

-'sat-, -'sat-

unconditional jAnkan'diJanl, -/nal

|-ly -i

unchastity An'tjaestati

unconditioned jAnkan'di/and

unchecked An'tjekt ('unjchecked 'speed)

unchristian An'knstjan

unconfined ^Ankan'faind |-finedly -'fainidli

unchurch An'tjyt/; ES

unconfirmed

-'t/stj, -'t/ytj"; j-es -iz

^Ankan'fymd;

unconformity jAnkan'farmati;

|-ed -t

uncial 'An/ial, 'Anjal, 'Ansial

uncongenial jAnkan'dsinjal

|-ly -i

uncircumcised An'sa'kaniiSaizd;

ES

-'ssk-,

ES

-'faamati

|-ly -i

unconnected ,Ank3'n2ktid
-krabl |-bly -bli

|-ly -i

unconquered An'kagka^d, -'kog-, -'kog-; ES

-kad

unclad An'klaed

unclaimed An'klemd ('unjclaimed 'honor)

unclasp An'klaesp;

-'fsmd,

unconquerable An'kagkarabl, -'kog-, -'kag-,

-'syk-; |-sedness -zidnis

uncivil An'sivl |-ized -^aizd

ES

-'fymd; l-medly -midli

E + -'klasp,

-'klasp; |-ed

-t

unconscious An'kanjas; ES-H-'kon-

unclassified An'klaesajfaid

unconsecrated An'kansi,kretid; ES-f--'kDn-

uncle 'Arjkl |uncled 'Agkid

unconsidered

unclean An'klin j-ed -d

jAnkan'sida^d;

('uncon^sidered

ES

uncleanly adv An'klinb, adj An'Menli

unconstant An'kanstant; ES-^-'kon-

unclench An'kkntJ

unconstitutional

j-es -iz |-ed -t

Remus 'Agkj'rimas
Uncle Sam 'Agkl'saem
Uncle

|-'s

-'tu-;

-iz

-'sidad;

'trifles)

jAnkansta'tju/anl,

ES-H-kon-;

-'tiu-,

|-ly -i

unconstrained jAnkan'strend |-nedly -nidli

Uncle Tom's Cabin 'Aokljtamz'kaebin, -jtnniz-

uncontestable jAnkan'tEStabl |-bly -bk

uncloak An'klok |uncloaked An'klokt

uncontrollable jAnkan'trolabl |-bly -bli

unclose adj An'klos

uncontrolled jAnkan'troId |-ledly

unclose v An'kloz

j-s -iz |-d

unclothe An'kloS

|-s

-Sz

|-d

unconventional jAnkan'vnXanl, -/nal

-d |-dly -idli

unconverted jAnkan'vytid;

uncloud An'klaud |-clouded -'klaudid

unco

'Aijko

uncoil An'kail -coiled -'kaild

|

ES -'kAbd
uncomely An'kAmk ('un,comely 'speech)
uncolored An'kAla^d;

uncomfortable An'kAinfa^tabl;
-'kAmfta-; j-bly -bh

Key:

See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

-lidli

-d

ES

-'kAmfat-,

ES

\-\y -i

-'vst-, -'vyt-;

|-tible -tab) j-bly -bh

unconvinced jAnkan'vinst [-cedty -sidh
uncooked An'kukt ('un^cooked 'food)

un-co-ordinated jAnko'ardrijetid;

uncork An'kark;

ES

ES

An'kaak; |-ed

-'aadn-

-t

uncorrected jAnka'rektid

uncorroborated ,Anka'rabajretid; ES-F-'rob-

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet jet jsang saeg langrj' 'aeg-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far |watch watj, wotj (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go

undergraduate

447

uncorrupted
uncorrupted ^Anka'rAptid
uncountable An'kauntabl
uncouple An'kApl

|-d

under- Compounds in under- vary in accent

according

|-bly -bli

-d |-ling -plig, -plig

under 'Anda^;

uncouth Aii'kuG ('unjcouth 'aspect)

uncover An'kAva^; ES -'kAV3(r; |-ed -d

|-ing

ES

'AndaCr

underact 'Anda^'aekt [-acted -'aektid

underage

-'kAvarii), -vrig

uncreated jAnkri'etid ('uncre,ated 'worlds)

meaning, rhythm, and sense

to

See note at prefix over-

stress.

'Andrids

'Andarids,

'shortage'

uncredited An'krsditid |-table -tabl |-bly -bli

underage 'Anda^'eds ('under-age

uncritical An'kritikl |-ly

underbid n 'Anda^/bid;

-i, -ikli

uncrowned An'kraund ('unjcrowned

'king)

unction 'Agkjan |-tious -fas j-tional -/anl

unctuosity jAgktJu'asati;

ES + -'ds-

uncultivable An'kAltavabl

uncultivatable An'kAltajvetabl |-vated -jvetid

ES 'Anda^biEd
ES 'Andaunderbrush 'Anda^jbrAj; ES 'Andaunderbuy 'Anda^'bai; ES 'Anda-; [-bought
underbred n 'Anda^^bred;

-'bat

ES -'kAltJad
uncurdled An'kydld; ES -'ksdld, -'kydid

undercarriage 'Anda^^kaerids;

uncurious An'kjurias, -'kiurias

undercharge

uncultured An'kAltJa^d;

uncurtained

ES

-d

-'kal, -'kyl; |-ed

An'kytnd,

ES

-tind;

-'kst-,

ES

undercharge

ES

'Anda'^t/ards;

E + -itJa:d3;

|-s

ES

'Anda'tjaids,

ES

underclothed 'Anda^'klo'Sd;

undamaged An'daemidsd

underclothes 'Anda^jkloz, -jklo'Sz;

undated An'detid

underconsumption

'Anda-

ES

ES jAnda'kAva(r
ES 'Anda^ksrant,

undercover jAnda^'kAva^;

undercurrent 'Anda^^kyant;

-jkArant, -^ky-

-d

ES 'AndaES ^AiidaES 'Anda-; [-does

undecided ^Andi'saidid

undercut n 'Anda^^kAt;

undecipherable jAndi'saifarabl, -frabl ]-bly

undercut

v ^Anda^'kAt;

underdo 'Anda^'du;

-bli

[-did -'did [-done

undecorated An'dEk3jretid

undefended jAndi'fendid ('unde^fended

'isle)

-id-;

ES

undefensible jAndi'fensabl |-bly -bli

underestimate

underestimation 'Anda^^ESta'meJan

undefined jAndi'faind j-nedly -mdli |-nable

underexpose 'Andarik'spoz
-33-;

-vad;

|-rable

'Anda^'esta^met [-d -id

j-ally -li, -ikli

jAndi'manstrativ;

ES +

-'monundeniable iAndi'naiabl |-bly

-iz [-d -d [-sure

ES 'AndaES 'Anda-; [-fed -'fed

ES jAnda-; ('under^foot

underfeed v 'Anda^'fid;

'vassal)

undergarment

'Anda^jgarmant;

ES

'Anda-

jga:mant, E-i--jga:mant

undergo jAnda^'go; ES jAnda-; [-went -'went

-bli

undenominational jAndijnama'neJanl, -/nal;

[-gone -'gan, -'gon

undergraduate

ES-i--jnDm-

undependable jAndi'pendabl

[-s

-3a(r

underfoot ^Anda^'fut;

-vrabl, -varabl

undemocratic jAndEma'kraetik

|full

ES

underfeed n 'Anda^^fid;

undelayed ,Andi'led ('undejlayed 'mail)

ES

'Anda-

underestimate n 'Anda^'estamit, -^met

undefiled jAndi'faild |-filedly -'faihdli

-nabl |-bly -bli

-'dAz

-'dAn

underdog 'Anda^'dag, -'dog-,

undefeated jAndi'fitid

undemonstrative

ES

'Aiida-

undebated jAndi'betid -table -t3bl

jAndi'liva'd;

'Anda-

'Anda^kan'sAmp/an;

undazzled An'daezld ('un^dazzled 'eyes)

undeKvered

'Anda-

-iz [-d -d

uncut An'kAt ('uujcut 'pages)

|-d

[-s

s -iz

v 'Anda^'t/ardj;

E-h-'tJaids;

undaunted An'dantid, -'dnntid, -'dantid

'Anda-;

-iz

,tSa:d5,

-'kyt-

undeceive jAndi'siv

\past &*

pptc -bid -'bid

underbred adj 'Anda^'bred;

unctuous 'Agktjuas

uncurl An'kyl;

'pupil)

ES 'Anda^bid
jAnda^'bid; ES jAnda-;

underbid v

uncrossed An'krast, -'krost

[-s

-iz

ful [tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

ES

jAnda^'graedjuit,

-fit;

ES

iAnda-

|-bly -bli
'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan jEden 'idn [cradle 'kredl Ikeep

tai

'em 'kipm

underwent

448

underground

underground adj, adv Unda^'graund; ES

Unda-; ('under^ground 'stream)
underground n 'Anda^^graund; ES 'Andaundergrown 'Anda^'gron; ES Undaundergrowth 'Anda^^groe; ES 'Anda-; |-ths
-es

ES

undersea 'Anda^'si;

ES jAndaES ,Anda-; |-sold -'sold

undershirt 'Anda^^/yt; ES 'Andayjst, -yj^t
undershoot v jAnda'/ut; ES jAnda-; |-shot

undersecretary ^Anda^'sekrajtEri;
undersell jAnda^'sel;

underhand Unda^'haend; ES 'Anda-; ('under-

ES+-'/Dt

-'/at;

underhanded 'Anda^'haendid; ES 'Andaunderhung jAnda^'hAg; ES jAnda-

underside 'Anda- 'said;

underivable jAndi'raivabl

undersign ^Anda^'sain;

ES ^Andaunderlay n 'Anda^Je; ES 'Anda-

undersigned

jside

underlaid /Anda^'led;

ES jAndaES jAnda-; |-laid -'led

ES ^Anda-; |-lay -'le
ES 'AndaES ^Anda-;

underhne n 'Anda^Jain;
underline v jAnda^'lain;

undersize

underslung

'Anda^'lip;

ES

ES

^Anda-; |-ed -d

ES

^Anda^'saind;

jAnda-;

ES

'Anda-;

-d

|-d

ES 'Anda-; [-s -iz

ES 'Anda^skst, -jskjt
jAnda^'sUg; ES ^AndajAnda^'staend; ES jAnda-; |-stood
'Anda^^saiz;

-'stud

'Anda-;

('under Jip

understandability

understandable jAnda^'staendabl;
l-bly

v 'Anda^'maen;

ES

'Anda-; |-ned -d

undermine jAnda^'main; ES jAnda-; |-d -d

undermost 'Anda^^most; ES 'Andaunderneath jAnda-'niG, -'niS; ES jAndaundernourish

jAnda^^staenda'bilati;

ES

jAnda-

jlip)

-jmen

ES

'Anda^'nyiJ;

underpass 'Anda'jpaes;

ES

jAnda-;

ES 'Anda-; |-d
ES jAnda'Anda'jStraepa^;
ES

understate 'Anda^'stet;

understrapper

-id

'Anda-

jStraepa(r

'Anda'nsri/,

understudy 'Anda^^stAdi;
undertake

underofficer 'Anda^pfasa^, -^nf- ,-jaf-;

ES

-bh

understood jAnda^'stud;

-'nAr-, -'ny-; |-es -iz |-ed -t

ES -sa(r

'Anda-, E+-jpas,

^Anda^'tek;

ES
ES

'Anda^Anda-;

[-took

-'tuk |-taken -'tekan

undertaker ^who undertakes^ jAnda'-'tek*;

ES

jAnda'teka(r; 'funeral director^ 'under^taker

-jpas

underpay Unda^'pe; ES 'Anda-;

underpin jAnda^'pin;

ES

|-paid -'ped

undertaking

underpopulated 'Anda^'papjajletid;

underprize 'Anda^'praiz;

ES

'Anda-

ES

'Anda-

'Anda-;

|-s

-iz

l-d-d

ES

underproduction 'Anda^pra'dAk/an;

ES 'Anda 'ret;
'Anda^'raip; ES 'Anda-

underrate 'Anda^'ret;

ES 'Anda-; |-d -d
ES jAndaundertow 'Anda^^to; ES 'Andaundertrump ^Anda^'trAmp; ES jAnda-; j-ed -t
undervaluation 'Anda^jvaelju'e/an; ES 'Andaundervalue 'Anda^'vaelju; ES 'Anda-; |-d -d
underwaters 'Anda^^wata^, -jwata', -jWDta; ES

'Anda-

-ta(r; adj cf

-'raen

underwear 'Anda^jwer,

ES

jAnda^'skor,
|-d

-'skar;

ES

jAnda-

-jwaer;

'Anda^weacr,

'Andajwaea(r

underweight 'Anda^'wet;

-Aacct + 'under-

ES

'Anda-; ('under-

jweight 'boxer)

underwent jAnda^'went; ES ,Anda-

jscore

See in fidl 3-47.

|bath baeO;

'under'water jwork and 'under-

jwater 'mines

|-run -'rAn

E + -'sk3a(r;

ES

undertook ^Anda^'tuk;

|-d -id

underrun jAnda^'rAn; ESjAnda-; j-ran

underscore

jAnda^'tekig;

undertone 'Anda^^ton;

ES

'pap-, -'pop-

underprivileged 'Anda^'privahdsd;

'enterprise^

jAnda-; 'directing funerals' 'under^taking

jAnda-; |-ned -d

underpinning n 'Anda^jpinig;ES 'Anda-

Key:

7i

understand

-d

|-d

underman n 'Anda'^maen; ES 'Anda-; |-men

'skoa(r,

('underjsize(d) 'bolt)

underripe

^side)

undersize adj 'Anda-'saiz;

underHng 'Anda^hg ES 'Anda-

underman

'upper

underskirt 'Anda^jskyt;

|-lain -'len

'upper

&

('under^signed 'agent)

undevl&y past o/underHe ^Anda^'le;

underlay v ^Anda^'Ie;
underhe ^Anda^'Iai;

&

ES 'Anda^Jat, -//nt
ES 'Anda-; ('under-

undershot adj 'Anda^^/at;

jhand 'stroke)

underlip

'Anda-; ('under^sea

'life)

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

'piti (6)

[rate ret |3^et jet |sang saeg |angr\' 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

underwood

unembarrassed

449

ES

underwood, U- 'Anda'jwud;

'Anda-; |-ed

undistinguished jAndi'stiggwift |-shable -/abl

undistracted jAndi'straektid

-id

underworld

ES

'Anda^^wa^ld;

'Anda^wsld,

undistributed ^Andi'stribjatid

ES

undisturbed ^Andi'stybd;

-^wyld
underwrite jAnda^'rait;

ES

jAnda-;

-wrote

undiversiiied

-'rot [-written -'ntn

ES

underwriter 'Anda-jraita' ;

ES

-'vssa-.

undivided ^Anda'vaidid

-'zsvd, -'zyvd;

undivulged jAnda'vAldsd ('undi^vulged 'purpose)

|-vedly -vidli

undo An'du

undesigning jAndi'zainig

ES

-'zaiad; |-ly -ridli

ES

-'tsm-.

ES

|-d

&

-ti^ketid

'un^done)

-d |-Ung -bhg, -blig

undoubted An'dautid ('un^doubted

'fact)

undrained An'drend

-'tym-; |-nable -nabl |-bly -bh

undeterred jAndi'ts^d;

undone An'dAn ('done

undouble An'dAbl

undetected jAndi'tktid
jAndi'ts^mind;

|-done

|-did -'did

undomestic jAnda'mestik j-ticated

undesirable jAndi'zairabl |-bly -bli

undesired ^Andi'zaird;

|-does -'dAz

-'dAn

undesirability ^Andijzaira'bilati

undetermined

ES

^Anda'vysa^faid;

-'vysa-

'Anda^raitaCr

undescribable ^Andi'skraibabl |-bly -bh

undeserved jAndi'zyvd;

-'stabd, -'stybd

|-bedly -bidh

undramatic jAndra'maetik

-'tad, -'tyd

|-ally -h,

-ikh

undeviating Aii'divi^etig

undrape An'drep |-d -t

undreamed An'drimd |-dreamt -'drempt

undid An'did

undress n 'An^dres, adj An'dres ('un^dress

undeveloped jAndi'vslapt

undies 'Andiz

'garb)

undigested jAnda'dsestid, dai-

|-tible -tab!

undress v An'dres

|-es -iz [-ed -t

undigniJied An'digna^faid

undrilled An'drild

undiluted ,Andr'lutid, -dai-, -'liutid

undrinkable An'drigkabl

undiminished iAnda'tnini/t

Undset 'unset
undue Aii'dju, -'dm, -'du ('un^due

undimmed An'dimd ('un^dimmed

Undine 'Andin, 'Andam
undiplomatic ^Andipb'maetik

'lights)

|-ally -li, -ikli

undiscerned ^Andi'zynd, -'ss^nd;

ES

-and.

ES

-bh

jAndi'skAva'd;

-varabl,

-vrabi

ES

-'ksr-.

ES

-'skAvad;

('undisjcovered

undyed An'daid ('un^dyed

undying An 'dang

|-ly -i

'wool)

unearned An'ynd; ES -'snd, -'ynd

unearth An'yO; ES -'sG, -'yO; |-ed
uneasy

undiscriminating jAndi'skrimajnetig
undisguised ^Andis'gaizd |-sedly -zidh -sable
|

-zabl |-bly -bh

-t [-ly

-h

undisposed jAndi'spozd

uneconomical
-'nom-;

undisputed jAndi'spjutid, -'spiutid

,Andi'zalvd,

An'izi ('unjcasy 'sleep)

uneaten An'itn -table -tab!

uneclipsed jAni'khpst

undismayed jAndis'med('undisjmayed 'heart)

-ek-;

ES +

-ikh

|-vable

uneducable An'tdsakabl, -dsuuneducated An'sdsajketid, -dsu-

unembarrassed jAnim'baerast,

undistilled jAndi'stild
ful [tooth tuG [further 'fy'Sa';

jAnika'namik),

|-ly -i,

unedifying An'edajfaiig

-'zolvd;

-vabl |-bly -bb

|full

-jtari;

uneasily An'izli, -'izih

'country)

undissolved

'Anda-,

'Andjala^tori,

undutiful An'djutifal, -'dm-, -'du-

^Andis'kyidsd;

-'kAr-, -'ky-

|-verable

undulatory

unduly An'djuh, -'diuh, -'duh

undisclosed jAndis'klozd

undiscovered

-^let

|-d -id

-jtori

undisciplined Aii'disa^phnd

undiscouraged

undulate v 'Andjajet, 'Anda-

'haste)

undulation jAndja'leJan, ^Anda-

-ynd; |-nedly -nidli

undiscernible, -able jAndi'zynabl, -'syn-;
-3n-, -yn-; |-bly

undulant 'Andjalant, 'Andalant

undulate adj 'Andjaht, 'Anda-,

ES

-ist

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

unemotional

unfold

450

unemotional ^Ani'mo/anl, -/nal

unexpired jAnik^spaird ;

|-ly -i

unemphatic jAnim'faetik |-ally -li, -ikli

unemployable jAnim'piaiab!
unemployed jAnim'pbid |-ployment -'pbi-

mdnt

unexplained

-'spaiad
|-nedly

-nidk

-bk

|-nable -nabl |-bly

unexploded

ES

jAiuk'splend

jAnik'splodid

('unex^ploded

'myth)

unexplored ^Anik'splord, -'splard; ES -'spload.

unenclosed jAmn'klozd

unencumbered jAmn'kAmba'd ES -'kAmbad

;

unending An'Endig ('unbending

unendorsed jAiun'dorst;
unendurable

ES

'labor)

unexpressed jAiuk'sprest

-'daast

jAnin'djurabl,

-'dur-

-'diur-,

jAnin'forsabl,

ES

-'fars-;

-'o3s-, E + -'fD3S-; |-bly -bk

unengaged ^Aiun'gedsd ('unen^gaged

unenterprising An'entyjpraizig

unentertaining jAnenta^'tenig;

-jOuz- |-ally

-tniri,

-tnig

ES -'entaES -nt3;

-jOiuz-,

jAniDjGjuzi'aestik,

[-viable -viabl |-bly -bli

ES

-'ekspa-, -ik'sps-, -'spy-

-bk

[-bly

unfading An'fedig ('un^fading 'blue)

unfailing An'fekg

unfair An'fer, -'faer;

unfaithful Aii'leOfal

[-ly -i

-'fea(r,

ES

unfamiliar jAnfa'milja-;

ES

-'fa(r

-'milja(r

unfamiharity jAnfajinik'aerati,

j-ed -d |-ly -i

unequipped jAiii'kwipt
unequivocal jAni'kwivakl

]-ly -i, -akli

unerring

ES

An's^ig,

('unex^pressive

unfaltering An'faltrig, -'faUarig

-li, -ikli

unequal An'ikwal

^Anik'spresiv

'she)

unfaded An'fedid -dable -dabl

unenlightened ^Anin'laitnd |-ning

unenvied An'envid

[-sable, -sible, -sabl

-bk

unexpurgated An'ekspa^jgetid, jAnik'sps'getid;

'time)

unenjoyable jAnin'd33i9bl

unenthusiastic

I-bly

unexpressive

|-bly -bli |-ring -ig

unenforceable

E-K-'spbad
unexposed ^Aiuk'spozd

-,milji'aerati.

-jinil'jaerati

-'er-;

unfashionable An'faejnabl, -/ana- [-bly -bk

-'srig,

-'s'lg.

unfasten

An'faesn

|-ed

-d

j-ing

-'faesnig.

-'faesnig; E-i--'fas-, -'fas-

-'erig

ES

unescapable jAna'skepabl |-bly -bh

unfathered An'faSa^d;

unessential jAna'senJal

unfathomed An'faetSamd [-mable -amabl |-bly

-bk
unfavorable An'fevrabI, 'fevara- [-bly -bk

|-ly -i

unestimated An'Estajraetid
unethical An'eOikl

|-ly -i,

-ikh

uneven An'ivan ('un^even 'ground)

unfed An'fed ('un^fed

uneventful jAni'ventfal

unfeeling An'fikg

|-ly -i

-'fatJad, E+-'fat5-

'flock)

unexaggerated jAnig'zaed33jretid

unfeigned An'fend [-nedly -nidk

unexampled jAnig'zjempld; E+-'zamp-,

unfelt An'felt ('un^felt 'sorrow)

-'zamp-

unfenced Aii'lenst

unexceptionable jAnik'sepJanab), -/nabl |-bly

-bk

unfertihzed An'fytj^aizd;

unexceptional jAnik'sEp/anj, -/nal

unexchanged ^Aniks'tjendsd
i-bly -bk
jAnik'skjuzd,

-'skiuzd

'life)

[-sable

-zabi 1-bly -bk

ES

-'fta(r; |-ed -d

-'filjal \-\y -i

unfinished An'fim/t
unfired An'faird;

ES

-'faiad

unfit An'fit |-ted -id

unexecuted An'sksi^kjutid, -jkiutid

unexhausted jAnig'zostid

unfiHal An'fikal,

unfilled An'fild ('uOifilled 'quota)

unexciting jAnik^saitig ('unexjciting

unexcused

unfetter An'feta^;

[-ly -i

|-geable -djabl

ES -fa'mentid
ES -'fstl-, -'fytl-

unfermented jAnfa^'mentid;

[-tible

unfix An'fiks

-tab!

|-bly

-bk

|-es -iz |-ed -t

unflagging An'flaegig
unflattering An'flaetarig, -'flaetrig

ES

unexpected ^Anik'spEktid ('unex^pected 'guest)

unflavored An'fleva^d;

unexpended jAnik'spendid

unfledged Aii'fkdsd ('un^fledged 'youth)

unexperienced jAnik'spirianst

unfold An 'fold |-ed -id

Key:

See in full 3-47.

[bath baeO;

bee bi [pity

ba8 (10) [ah a

[far

'piti

-'fievad

(6) [rate ret [yet jet jsang saeg [angr>- 'aeg-gn

far [watch watj,

wntj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

unforbidden

ES

unforbidden jAnfa^'bidn;
unforced An'forst,

-fa'bidri

ES

-'fDrst;

-'feast,

E+

unforeseeable jAnfor'siabl, -far-;

-fa-,

ES

-foa-.

ES

-foa-.

l-bly -bli

unforeseen jAnfor'sin,

-far-, -fa^-;

E+-faa-bh

|-bly

unforgiven jAnfa^'givan;

|-givable

ES -fa 'gat, -'got; |-ten

unformed An'farmd; ES -'faamd
unformulated An'farmjajetid; ES -'faamunfortified An'tarta^faid; ES -'faata^faid
unfortunate An'fart/anit; ES -'faat/anit
unforgot jAnfa^'gat;

-n

unfounded An'faundid ('un^founded 'rumor)

unframed An'fremd
-d

unfrequented jAnfri'kwEntid
unfriended An'frendid

unfrock An'frak;

ES + -'frDk;

unhackneyed An'haeknid

unliair An'her, -'haer;

-'ha(r,

ES

unfunded An'fAndid

unhallowed An'haelod, -'haelad

unhampered An'haempa'd; ES -'hasmpad

unhand An'haend |-ed -id
unhandicapped An'hasndi^kaept
unhandsome An'haensam ('unjiandscme

-'fsl, -'fa^l; |-ed

ES

unharmed

ES

An'harmd;

unharmonious

-d

-'fsn-, -'fyn-

-ha-,

ungallant An'gaelant

-'ha:md,

E+

jAnhar'monias,

-njas;

ES

ES

An'harnis;

-'ha:nis,

E+

-'ha:nis; |-es -iz |-ed -t

ungalled An'gald ('un^galled 'jade)

ES

ungarbled An'garbld;

E + -'ga:bES -'ga:n-, E +

-'garbid,

An'garniXt;

unhat An'haet |-hatted -'htid

unhatched An'haet/t
unhealthful An'Relefal

|-ly -i

unhealthily An'hl6ab, -ih

-'ga:n-

ungathered Aii'gaeSa^d;

ES

unhealthy An'helOi ('un^healthy

-'gaeSad

ES

'fogs)

ungenerous An'dsEnaras, -'dsEiiras

unheard An'hyd;

ungentle Aii'dsentl

unheard-of An'hydjov, -j3\, -jAv;

|-tly

-tb

ungentlemanly Aii'dsentlmanb

unheedful Aii'hidfal

ES -'gsd, -'gyd;
ES -'gst, -'gyt

|-ed -id

ES

-'hsd-.

unhelm An'htlin

j-ly -i

|-ed -d

unheralded An'heraldid

unglazed An'glezd ('un^glazed 'china)

unheroic jAnhi'ro-ik, -hi-

ungloved An'gUvd
unglue An'glu, -'gbu

-'hsd, -'byd

-'hyd-

ungifted An'giftid

|-al

-1

|-ally

-li.

-ikb
|-d

imhesitating An'hezajetig

-d

ungodly An'gadb, -'godb, -'gadh

ungot An'gat; ES + -'gnt; |-ten -n
ungoverned An'gAva-nd;

ES

unhindered An'hinda'd;

unhinge An 'binds

-'gAvand; ]-nable

unhitch An 'hit/

|-s

ES

-iz |-d

-'hindad
-d

|-es -iz j-ed -t

unholy An 'hob

-nabl |-bly -bb

ungraceful An'gresfal

j-holily -'holab, -bb

unhonored An'ana^d; ES -'anad, -'onad
unhood An'bud |-ed -id

|-ly -i

ungracious An'gre/as
|full

E+

E + -ha-

unharness

ungainly An'genb

ungirt An'gyt;

'deed)

-'ha:md

unfurnished An'fynift;

ungird Aii'gyd;

-'haea(r;

l-ed -d

-'ba:d-

-i

unfulfilled .Anful'fild ('unful.filled 'hope)

ES

unguent 'Aogwant |-ed -id

unguided An'gaidid

unhardened An'bardnd; ES -'ha:dnd,

|-ed -t

unfruitful An'frutfal, -'friut- |-ly

ungarnished

ungrounded An'graundid ('un,grounded 'fear)

ungrudging An'grAdsig
unguard An'gard; ES -'ga:d, E + -'ga:d; |-ed

unhandy An'haendi |-dily -dli, -dih

unhanged An'haegd
unhappy An'haepi |-pily -pli, -pih

unfrequent An'frikwant |-ncy -nsi

unfurl An'fyl;

-ikh

ungulate 'Aggjabt, -Jet

-'givabi |-bly -bli

|-d

|-ly -i,

|-ly -i

-id

ES -fa-;
ES -fa-;

unforgettable jAnfa-'getabl;

unfree An'fri

ungraded An'gredid
ungrammatical jAngra'maetikl
ungrateful An'gretfal

-'f33st; |-cedly -sidli

E+-fD-;

unhood

451

ful |tooth tue Ifurther 'fySa^;

ES

'fs'Sa

[custom 'kAstam |while bwail |how hau |toy

tai

lusing 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij |vision 'vi3an fEden 'idn |cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm


unhook
unhook An'huk |-ed
unhoped An'hopt

uninflected jAnin'flektid ('unin^flected 'stem)

-t

uninfluenced An'influanst, -fliuanst

ES

unhoped-for An'hopt^far;
unhorse An'hors;

ES

unhouse An'hauz

unhung

-'haas;

-s -iz |-d

uninformed ;Anin'f3rmd;

-,h3{r

-'fasmd

uninhabited jAnin'haebitid

-d

ES

An'hyid;

ES

uninhabitable jAnin'hasbitabl |-bly -bk

-iz |-d -t

|-s

An'hAi) ('un^hung 'picture)

unhurried

unknit

452

uninitiated jAni'mJijCtid
-'hArid,

-'hsrid,

uninjured An'indsa^d;

ES -'indsad
ES -'spaiad

uninspired jAnin'spaird;

-'hyid

unhurt An'hyt; ES -'hat, -'hyt

unhusk An'hAsk |-ed -t
unhygienic jAnhaidsi'enik

uninstructed jAnin'strAktid
unintelligent ^Anm'tEbdssnt [-gence -dssns

-ikh

|-ally -li,

unintelligibihty jAniiijtebdss'bibti

unhyphenated An'haifa^netid

unintelligible jAnin'tebdssbj |-bly -bli

Uniat

unintended ;Anin'tndid ('unin^tended

'junijaet

unicameral juni'kaemaral

unintentional jAiun'tEnXsnj, -/nal

ES

unicellular Juni'sEljal*;

uninterested An'mtsristid, -'mtristid, -'m-

-l3(r

Unicoi 'junijkai

t3jrestid |-ting -tig

unicorn, U- 'junijkarn;

ES

see interesting

unintermitting jAninta^'mitig;

-jkoan

ES

unidentified jAnai'dentajfaid, ^Ana-

uninterrupted jAnints'rAptid

unidiomatic jAnidia'maetik

uninvited jAnin'vaitid |-ting -tig

unifiable 'juna^faiabl

|-ally -h, -ikli

union 'junjsn

-bly -bli

unification junafa'ke/an
unifier 'junajfaia*;

ES -jfai-3(r
ES -jfaam

-^aiziz [-ized

|-izes

unipod 'jun3;pad; ES-f-^pod

unipolar juni'pola^;

uniformitarian junajfarma'terian, -'ter-;

ES

ES

unisexual juni'sek/ual

-'poIaCr
|-ly -i

unison 'junazn, 'jun3sn

- jf 33013-

uniformity jun3'f3rm3ti;
unify 'jun3,fai

ES

-'f

unissued An'i/ud, -'ijjud

asm-

unilateral juni'laetsrsl |-ly

see issue

unit 'junit |-age -ids l-ages -idsiz

|-fied -jfaid

Unitarian, u- juns'terisn, -'terian, -rJ3n

-i

unilluminated jAna'lumSjnetid, -'lium-

unitary 'jun3jtri

unimaginable jAni'maed3in3bl, -'maedsnabj

unite ju'nait |-d -id

United States ju'naitid'stets, often 'ju^naitid-

-bh

unimagined iAni'maed3ind('unijmagined 'joy)

unimpaired /Anrm'perd, -'paerd; E -'p3d, ES

'stets

unitive 'junativ [unity 'jun3ti

univalent juns'vebnt, ju'nivsbnt

-'paead

universal juna'vysl;

unimpassioned jAnim'pae/3nd

unimpeachable jAnim'pit/abI

unimpeded

-jaiz

|-ize

universaHty

|-bly -bli

jAmm'partns;

ES

-'p33tns;

ES

-'vssi, -'vysl; [-ly -i

junavy'saebti,

-va^'sael-;

universalize juna'vysl^aiz;

|-nt -nt

|-s

ES

-'vss-, -'vys-;

-iz |-d -d

ES

unimposing ,Anim'pozig

universe 'jun3,vys;

unimpressionable jAnim'pre/nsbl, -/snsbl

university jun3'vys3ti, -'vysti;

unimpressive yAnim'presiv
'land)

uninclosed jAnin'klozd

ES

-'kasp-

unincumbered jAnin'kAmba'd; ES -'kAmbsd

-'daast

iminfected jAnin'fektid

uninflammable jAnm'flm3bl
See in full 3-47.

|bath baeG;

E ba6

|-s

ES

-iz

-'v3s-.

unjust An'd5Ast('unj'ust 'steward)

unjustified

unincorporated jAnin'karpSjretid;

ES

-/vss, -jvys;

-'yys-; ('Unijversity 'Heights)

unimproved lAnim'pruvd ('unimyproved

unindorsed jAnin'darst;

ES

-V3-, -vy-, -V3-

iAiiim'pidid ('unim^peded 'way)

unimportance

Key:

-int3-

-jaizd

uniform 'junajfarm;

l-bly

'joke)

|-ly -i

bee bi [pity

An'dsAstSjfaid

|-fiable

-^faiabl

l-bly -bli

unkempt An'kempt
unkept An'kept
unkind An'kaind
unknit An 'nit |-ted

'piti (6)

-id

|rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angr>' '^g-gri

(10) |ah a |far far |watch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw dga [gorge gards |go go

unknowable
unknowable An'noabj

|-bly

unmanufactured Anmaenja'f aekt/a^d, -maena-

-bh

unknown An'non ('un^known

ES

'pl3.ce)

ES

unlabored An'leba'd;

unmarketable

-'lebad

-'markt, E-i--'nia:kt

An'markitabl;

ES

-'ma:k-.

E-i--'ma:k-

-iz |-d -t

|-s

-t/ad

unmarked An'markt; ES

unlabeled An'lebld
unlace An'les

unmusical

453

unlade An'led |-laded -Uedid |-laden -Uedn

unmarriageable An'maendsabl

unladylike An'ledijaik

unmarried An'maerid ('un^married 'man)

unlaid An'led ('unpaid 'ghost)

unmask An'maesk; E-i--'mask, -'mask; |-ed -t

unmatched An'maetjt |-matchable -'maetjabl

unlamented ^Anla'mEntid
unlash An'laeJ

l-bly -bh
unmeaning An'minig
unmeant An'ment

|-es -iz |-ed -t

unlatch An'laetJ;

|-es -iz |-ed -t

unlawful An'bfal
unlearn An'ls^n;

|-ly -i

ES

-'bn, -'lyn; |-ed -d,

-t

or

-t-t

unlearned past b' pptc An'lynd, -'lynt;

ES

unleash An'li/

ES

unmelted An'meltid ('un^melted 'snow)

unmentioned An'menjand |-nable -/anabl.

-'Isnt, -'lynt

|-es -iz |-ed -t

unleavened An'kvand ('unjleavened 'bread)

unled An'led
unless an'les

-/nabl l-bly -bh

unmerchantable An'ms^t/antabl;

ES

-'mst/-.

-'ms^tj*-

unlessoned An'lesnd ('unjessoned

unlettered An'leta-d;

ES

unmerciful An'mysifal;

'girl)

-'letad; ('un^lettered

l-ly -I,

ES

-'m3S-, -'mys-;

-fh

unmerited An'mentid

'Muse)

unmethodical ^Anma'Oadikl; ES+-'GDd-;

unlicensed An'laisanst

unHghted

unmeet An'mit
unmelodious jAnma'lodias

-'Isn-, -'lyn-; adj -nid

unlearnt An'lynt;

unmeasurable An'mesrabl, -sarabl |-bly -bh

unmechanical jAnmi'kaenikl |-ly -i, -ikli

An'Iaitid

unlike An'laik

-I,

|-ing -brig,

unmew

-h |-lihood -lijhud

|-ly

unlimber An'limba';

ES

-'limbaCr;

|-ed

-bang

An'mju, -'miu

[-ed -d

unmihtary An'mibjteri
unmindful An'maindfal, -'mainfunmistakable jAnma'stekabl

unlimited An'limitid
unlined An'Iamd ('un,lined

unlink An'bgk [-ed

-d

j-ly -i

|-bly

-bh

unmistaken jAnma'stekan

'fur)

unmitigable An'mitagabl |-bly -bh

-t

unlisted An'hstid

unmitigated An'mita^getid

unlit An'bt ('unjlit 'candle)

unmixed An'mikst ('un^mixed

unload An'lod

unmodified An'mada^faid;

unlock An'lak;

|-ed -id

ES + -'lDk; [-ed -t
ES -jf33(r

'evil)

ES + -'mDd-

unmolested ^Anma'lestid

unlooked-for An'lukt^far;

unmoor An'mur; ES -'mua(r;

unloose An'lus

unmoral An'maral, -'moral, -'moral

|-s

|-Iy

-ikh

-iz |-d -t |-n -'lusn

j-ed -d
j-ly -i

unlovable An'lAvabl |-bly -bh

unmorality jAnma'raelati, -ma-, -ma-, -mt>-.

unloved An'lAvd |-lovely -'Uvb

-mounmortgaged An'margidsd; ES -'maagidgd

unmotivated An'motajvetid
unmounted An'mauntid ('un^mounted 'print)
unmourned An'mornd, -'marnd; ES -'moand.
E-H-'maand
unmoved An'muvd ]-vable -vabl ]-bly -bh

unlucky An'Uki ('unjlucky 'strike)

unmagnetic jAnmaeg'netik |-al -1
unmailed An'meld

|-lable

-bbl

unmake An'mek |-made -'med

unman An'maen [-manned -'maend
unmanageable An'maenidsabl

|-bly -bli

unmanly An'maenli
unmannered An'maena^d; ES -'maenad
unmannerly An'maena'h; ES -'maenali
|full

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

ES

|-vedly -vidh

unmufHe An'mAfl

|-d

-d |-ling -fhg, -fbg

unmusical An'mjuzikl, -'miuz-

|-ly -i

'fsSa |custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm


unmuzzle

unpremeditatec

454

unmuzzle ahWazI

|-d

unnamed An'nemd

unpaved An'pevd ('un^paved

unpeg An'pEg |-ged -d

|-mable -mabl

unnavigable An'naevagabl

|-ly -i

unpeople An'pipl

|-bly -bli

An'nesajSgrah, esp.

emph.

if

'street)

-d j-ling -phg, -phg

|-d

ES

unperceivable jAnpa^'sivabl;

unperforated An'pyfa^retid;

unneedful An'nidfal

unpersuaded ^Anpa^'swedid;

|-ly -i

unpersuasive

unnegotiable jAnni'goJiabl |-bly -bli

unneighborly An'neba^h;

ES

ES

unperturbed

-'nebah

'tybd; |-bable -babl |-bly -bh

-'nsv, -'nyv; |-d -d

unnoted An'notid ('un^noted

unperused jAnpa'ruzd, -'riuzd

'action)

unphilosophic ^Anfila'safik;ES + -'sDf-;

unnoticeable An'notisabl |-bly -bh

unnumbered An'nAmba^d; ES -'nAmbad

|-ally -h,

unobjectionable jAnab'dsekfnabl, -/ana- |-bly

unobliging jAna'biaidsiij ('uno^bliging 'boor)

unobservant jAnab'zyvant;

ES

-Wv-

-'zsv-,

unpicked An'pikt ('un^picked

ES

unpin An'pin j-ned -d

unpitied An'pitid ('un,pitied

unpitying An'pitiig

unobtrusive jAnab'trusiv, -'trius-

unplaced An'plest

unplanned An'plaend
unplanted An'plaentid;

unoff ending jAna'fEndig |-fensive -'fEnsiv

unoffered Anbfa^d,

-'of-, -'af-;

ES

-'plant-

see unplait,

unplea

unplayable An'pleabI

unofficial jAna'fi/al |-ly -i

unopen An'opan, -'opm

E + -'plant-,

unplat An'plaet |-ted -id

-fad

'grief)

see unplat, unpleat

unplait An'plet |-ed -id

ES + -'Dk-

S+-'peast

unpile An'pail [-d -d

unobtainable jAnab'tenabl j-bly -bh

unoccupied An'akjajpaid;

'fruit)

-'piast,

unobstructed ^Anab'strAktid

unoccasioned jAna'kesand

]-al-

-ikh

unpierced An'pirst;

-bh

j-ed -d

-pmg,

[-ing

unpleasant An'pkznt
unpleasing An'plizig

-panii)

unopposed ^Ana'pozd ('unopjposed 'measure)

ES

unorganized An'arganjaizd;
unoriginal jAna'ndsanl

ES

unpleat An'pUt |-ed -id

-'aaGajdaks,

unplowed An'plaud ('un^plowed

unplumbed An'plAmd
unpoetic ^Anpo'stik

-jdnks

ES+-ds-

unostentatious jAnastan'teJas ;

unowned An'ond ('unowned

unpack An'paek [-ed -t
-'paerd;

unpolished An'pahjt;

'goods)

-ikh

ES + -'poliJ't

unpolitic An'pala,tik; ES+-'pd1-; |-ly -h

ES

-'pead,

-i,

-ikh

unpolled An'pold
unpolluted jAnpa'lutid, -pa'hutid

-'paead

ES

unpalatable An'paelatabl, -hta- |-bly -bk

unpopular An'papjala^ ;

unparalleled An'paerajkld

unpopularity jAnpapja'laerati;

unpardonable An'pardnab), -'pardnabl;

-'pa:d-,

'land)

|-al -1 |-ally -li,

unpolitical jAnpa'htikl [-ly

An'perd,

unplat

unpoised An'paizd

unpaid An'ped
unpaired

see plait,

unpledged An'pledjd

-'oag-

|-ly -i

unorthodox An'arOajdaks;

E+-'pa:d-;

|-bly

ES

-bh
-tri;

ES

E+-pal-

unpartisan,

-zan

ES + -pDp-

|-ly -i,

-ikh

unprecedented An'prEsa^dentid

'art)

|-ly -li, esp.

emph. junprece'dentedly
An'partazn;

ES

-'part-,

unpredictable jAnpri'diktabl |-bly -bh

unprejudiced An'predgadist

E+-'pa:t-

unpremeditated jAnpri'medajtetid

unpasteurized An'paestaraizd, -'paest/aSee in full 3^7.

|bath bae6;

unpractical An'praektikl

-'papjala(r, -'pop

unpracticed An'prsektist ('un^practiced

unparliamentary jAnparla'mentari,

Key:

\-h\

ES -'paf-, -'ps-f
ES -pa'swedid
jAnpa^'swesiv; ES -pa'swesiv
jAnpa^^'tybd; ES -pa'tabd, -pa

unnecessary An'nesajSeri

-pal-,

-pa-;

-bh

jAnnesa'serali

unnerve An'nyv;

|-all;

-h, -ikh

unnatural An'naetjaral, -'naet/ral

unnecessarily

jAnpetn'atik; ES+-'Dtik;

unpatriotic

-d |-ling -zlig, -zlig

unnail An'nel |-ed -d

bee bi [pity

ba6 (10) |ah a

|far

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angn,- 'ieg^gi

far |watch watj",

wotj

(12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go g


unrenowned

455

unprepared
unprepared jAnpri^Erd. -^paerd;

-'pead,

ES

-'paead; 1-ness -nis, -ridnis -redly -ridh

|

unratified An'raeta^faid

unravel An'raevl |-ed -d

|-ing -'raevlig, -vlig

unprepossessing jAnpripa^zesig

unread An 'red

unpresentable ^Anpri'zEntabl |-bly -bli

unpressed An'prest ('unipressed 'cheese)

unreadable An'ridabl |-bly -bh

unpresuming jAnpri'zumig, -'zium-, -'zjum-

unreal

unready An'redi -readily -'redh, -dih

|

unpretending jAnpri'tendig |-tentious -'tEn/as

An'rial,

An'rial

An'ril,

|-ly

see

-i

really

unprevailing jAnpriVelig ('unpreiVailing 'woe)

unreaHty

unpreventable jAnpri'vEntabJ |-bly -bh

unreahzed An'rial,aizd,

unpriced An'praist

unreason An'rizn

unprincipled An'prinsapld

unreasonable An'riznabl, -znabl |-bly -bh

unprivileged An'privalidsd

unrebuked jAnri'bjukt, -'biukt

unprocurable jAnpra'kjurabl, -'kiur-

unreceipted jAnn'sitid ('unrcjceipted

unproductive jAnpra'dAktiv

unreceived jAnri'sivd

unprofessional jAnpra'feJanI, -'fe/nal

|-ly -i

unprofitable An'praftabl, -fita-; ES+-'prDf-;

l-bly

jAnri'aelati

unprogressive jAnpra'gresiv, -pro-

An'rekag^naizd

emph.

-1-

An'rEkan^sailabl

unrecorded jAnri'kardid;

unpronounceable jAnpra'naunsabl,

unredeemed ^Anri'dimd

|-bly

-bh.

ES

-'kaadid

unreel An'ril [-ed -d

-bh

unreeve naut. An'riv j-rove -'rov or -reeved

unpropitious jAnpra'piJas, -pro-

ES

unproportioned ^Anpra'porjand, -'par-;

-'poa-,

-zabl

junrecon'cilable, -bly

unprompted An'pramptid; ES+-'prDmp-pa^- |-bly

|-zable

-bh

unreconcilable

ES+ -'prom-

'bill)

unreckoned An'rekand
l-bly

unprohibited jAnpro'hibitid

unpromising An'pramisig ;

-zabl

unreciprocated jAnri'siprajketid

unrecognized

-bh

-'rial- |-zable

|-ed -d |-ing -'riznig, -znig

-'rivd

unrefined jAnri'faind ('unrejfined 'sugar)

E+-'paa-

unprotected jAnpra'tektid

unreflecting jAnri'flektig

unproved An'pruvd ('un^proved 'thesis)

unproven An'pruvan
unprovided jAnpra'vaidid
unprovoked iAnpra'vokt |-kedly -kidh

unreformed jAnri'farmd;
-mabl

ES

unrefuted ^Anri'fjutid, -'fiutid [-table -tab!

-'ga:did,

E+

-'ga:d-

unpunctual An'pAgktfual,

unregenerate jAnri'dsenarit [-rated -^retid

-t/ul |-ly -i

unpunctuality ^AnpAgktXu'aelati

unregistered An'redsista^d ;

unpunctuated An'pAgktJujetid
unpunished An'pAnift |-shable -/abl

unregulated An'regjajletid

An'pyt/asabl;

ES

unrehearsed jAnri'hyst;
-'pstj"-;

ES

ES

-'redsistad

-'hast, -'ha^st

unrelated jAnri'letid ('unrcjlated

'facts)

unrelaxed jAnri'laekst

-'P3^t/-

unpursuing ^Anpa^'suig,

ES

unregarded jAnri'gardid;

unpublished An'pAbh/t

unpurchasable

-'faamd; [-mable

-'siu-, -'sju-;

ES

-pa-

unquaiHng An'kwehg ('uniquailing

'spirit)

unqualified An'kwala^faid, -'kwol-

|-ly

unquenched An'kwentjt
-bh

-h

|-chable -tjabl |-bly

unrelenting jAnri'lentig
unreliabihty jAnriJaia'bilati

unreHable jAnn'laiabl

|-bly

-bh

unrelieved jAnri'livd |-vedly -vidh

unreligious ^Anri'hdsas

unquestionable An'kwest/anabl |-bly -bh

unremembered jAnri'memba'd; ES -'membad

unquestioned An'kwest/and

unremitting iAnri'mitig

unquiet An'kwaiat ('un^quiet 'grave)

unremovable jAnri'muvabJ |-bly -bh

unremunerative jAnri'mjunajretiv, -'miun-.

unquotable An'kwotabl
unquote An 'k wot |-d -id

-arativ

unraised An'rezd
[full

ful [tooth tue [further 'fytJa';

unrenowned jAnri'naund

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm

un rented
unrented AnVentid ('uiiirented 'farm)
unrepair

unshaven

456

-'paer;

jAnri'per,

unsatisfactory jAnsaetis'faektri, -tan |-torily

-'pE3(r,

ES

-d

-'pae3(r; |-ed

-trail, -tarali

unsatisfied An'saetis^faid

unsaturated An'saetjajretid

unrepealed jAnri'pild

unrepentant jAnri'pEntant
unreported ;Anri'portid, -'partid;

ES -'poatid.

E + 'Vaatid

unsavory An'sevari, -'sevn

unsay An'se |-says -'sez |-said -'sed

unscared An'skerd, -'skaerd;

unrepresented jAnrepn'zentid |-tative -tativ

unrepressed jAnri'prEst

|-sible

unscarred An'skard;

-sabl

-'skead,

ES

-'ska:d,

E+-'ska:d

unrequested jAnri'kwstid

unscathed An'skeSd

unrequited ^Anri'kwaitid -table -tab!

unscented An'sentid ('un^scented 'soap)

ES

unreserve /Aiiri'zyv;
l-dly

-'zsv, -'zyv; j-d -d

unscholarly An'skal^^li;

ES

-'skalali, -'sknl-

unschooled An'skuld

-idk

unresisting ^Anri'zistig

unresponsive
|-sible

ES

-'skaead

unscientific

jAnri'spansiv;

ES+-'spDn-;

^Ansaian'tifik

unscramble An'skraembl

-sabl

unrest An'rest j-ed -id

|-ful -fal |-fully -fall

-1

]-al

|-ally

|-d

-d 1-ling -bbg.

-bhg

unrestrainable jAnn'strenabl |-bly -bh

unscreened An'skrind ('un^screened

unrestrained

unscrew An'skru, -'skriu

jAnri'strend

|-nt

-nt

j-nedly

'coal)

|-ed -d

unscriptural An'skript/aral

-nidli

|-ly -i

unrestricted jAnri'striktid

unscrupulous An'skrupjalas, -'sknup-

unretentive jAnri'tentiv

unseal An'sil |-ed -d

unretrieved jAnri'trivd j-vable -vabl

unseam An'sim

unrevealed ^AnnVild ('unre^vealed 'truth)

unsearchable An'sytjabl;

unrevenged ^Anri'vEndsd
unrevoked ,AnriVokt
unrewarded ^AnriVardid;

unseasonable An'siznabl, -zna- |-bly

|-ed -d

ES

-'sst/-, -'syt/-

unseasoned An'siznd ('un^seasoned

ES -Vaadid

unrhymed An'raimd

-li.

-ikh

unseat An'sit [-seated

-bli

'wit)

-'sitid

ES

unrighteous AnVaitJas

unseaworthy An'si^wy^i;
unseconded An'sekandid

unrightful An'raitfal

unsectarian jAnsek'tErian, -'ter- ]-ism -jizam

|-ly -i

-jwatJi, -^wy'Si

unrimed An'raimd ('un,rimed Verse)

unsecured jAnsi'kjurd, -'kiurd;

unrip An'rip -ripped

unseeing An'siig

-'ript

unripe An'raip j-ened -and, -'raipmd

unrivaled An'raivld

unrobe An'rob -robed -'robd

|

unroll An'rol

unromantic jAnro'maentik

|-al

-1

j-ally -li.

ah 'self i/

unsentimental jAnsEnta'mentl
An'syvisabl;

unserviceable

-ikb

unroof An'ruf, -'ruf j-ed

-t

unrove past of unreeve An'rov

unruled An'ritid, -'riuld |-edly -lidh
unsaddle An'saedl

\-d

-d |-ling -'saedlig, -dhg

unsafe An'sef ('un^safe 'road)

unsew An'so

\past

unsalaried An'saelarid

unshaded
unshaken
unshaped
unshaven

|-es -iz |-ed -t

|-d

-d |-ling -klig, -klig

An'/edid

An'Jekan |-kable -kabl

|-bly

-bb

An'Jept |-pcly -pb |-pen -pan

An'/evan

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'jeg-gri
baO (10) |ah a |far far |watch wat/, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa [gorge gardj jgo go

in full 3-47.

|bath baeO;

-sewed -'sod \pptc -sewed

-'sod or -sewn -'son

unshackle An'/aekl

Key; See

-'ssvis-.

unsettle An'setl |-d -d j-ling -'sstlig, -tlig

unsex An'scks

unsanitary An'saenajteri

ES

unset An'set

unsalable, -saleable An'selabl |-bly -bli

unsanctioned An'saegk/and

|-ly -i

-'syvis-; |-bly -bh

unsaid An'sed

unsalted An^saltid ('un^salted 'butter)

-ad

unseemly An'simli
unseen An'sin ('seen and 'un^seen)
unsegmented An'segmantid
unselfish

-rolled -'rold

ES

unsheathe

unsustained

457

unsheathe An'/iS [-d-d

unshed An'/ed

An'stend

unstained

ES

unsheltered An'/elta^d;

unship An'/ip |-ped

unstable An'stebl |-bly -bli

-nabl

|-nable

unstamped An'staempt

-t

unshod Anlfad; ES + 'lfod; ('un^shod

'horse)

('un^shrinking

unshrinking An'Jrigkii)

unstandardized An'staenda^d^aizd;

ES

-'staen-

dad-

unshrinkable An'/rigkabl
'sta-

tion)

unstarched

ES

An'startjt;

E+

-'sta:tjt,

-'stait/t

unshrunk An'/rAgk

[-en

-gn

unstate An'stet

\-d -id

unsteady An'stedi

unsifted An'siftid

unsight An'sait |-ed -id

j-ly

-h

|-dily -dli, -dili

unsteel An'stil |-steeled -'stild

unsigned An'saind

unstick An'stik |-stuck -'stAk

unsinewed An'sinjud, -'siniud, -'smud

unstinted An'stintid

unsingable An'sigabl

unstitch An'stitJ j-ed

unsinkable An'siokabl

unstop An'stap;

unsisterly An'sista^li;

ES

-t

ES + -'stDp;

unskilled An'skild ('un^skilled 'labor)

unstrap An'straep j-ped

unstratified An'straeta^faid

unsling An'slig |-slung -'sUg

unstressed

unsnap An'snaep j-ped

-'sna:l,

E + -'sna:l;

-t

('un^stressed

An'strest

'stressed

-t

ES

An'snarl;

|-ped -t

unstrained An'strend

-'sistali

unskillful, -skilf- An'skilfal |-ly -i

unsnarl

|-nedly

-nidli

-'Xeltad

&

'word

'un^stressed)

unstriated An'straietid

unstring An'strig [-strung -'strAg

l-ed -d

unsociability jAnso/a'bilati

unstuck An'stAk

unsociable An'sojabl j-bly -bli

unstudied An'stAdid

unsocial An'sofal

unstuffed An'stAft

|-ly -i

unsubmissive jAnsab'misiv

unsoiled An'sDild

vmsold An'sold

unsubstantial jAnsab'staenJal

unsolder An'sada^;

ES

unsoldierly An'solds^h;

ES

unsubstantiated Ansab 'sttenji ^etid

-'soldsali

unsohcited jAnsa'lisitid
unsoluble An'saljabl;

|-ly -i

unsubstantiaUty jAnsabjStaenJi'aelati

-'sadaCr, -'sod-

unsuccess jAnsak'ses

ES + -'sdI-

|-ful -fal

-fully -fall'

unsuggestive jAnsag'dsEstiv, -sa'dsestiv

unsolvable An'salvabl, -'sdIv- |-bly -bli

unsuitabihty ,Ansuta'bilati, -smt-, -sjut-

unsolved An'salvd, -'snlvd

unsuited

unsophisticated Ansa 'f isti jketid

unsophistication jAnsajfisti'keJan

unsorted An'sartid;

ES

unsuppressed jAnsa'prest

[-table

unsurmounted

unspent An'spent

-'part-;

ES

-bh
|-sible

-sabl |-bly

-bii

unsure An'/ur;

|-bly -bli

unspecified An'spesa^faid

ES

-'/uaCr; ('un^sure 'hopes)

jAnsa^'mauntid;

ES

-sa-;

l-table -tab! j-bly -bli

unspoiled An'spaild -spoilt -'spoilt

unsurpassed jAnsjy'paest;

unspoken An'spokan
unsportsmanhke An'sportsmanjaik,

-sa'paest,

E-t-

unsusceptible jAnsa'sEptabl

unsuspected ^Ansa'spektid

ES + -'spDtid

j-ting -tig

unsuspicious jAnsa'spi/as

unsprung An'sprAg
ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fytJa^;

ES

-'past, -'past

-'sparts-;

-'spoats-, E+-'sp33ts-

unspotted An'spatid;

[full

jAnsa'portabl,

-'poat-, E-(--'paat-; |-bly

unsparing An'sperig, -'spaer-; S -'spaerig

ES

-'sjut-

unsung An'sAg
unsupportable

'help)

unsound An'saund j-ed -id

unsowed An'sod |-sown -'son
unspeakable An'spikabl

-'siut-,

unsullied An'sAlid

-'s3atid

unsought An'sot ('un^sought

An'sutid,

-tab! l-bly -bli

unsustained ,Ansa'stend

ES

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

unswathe

unwanted

458

unswathe An'sweti
unswayed An'swed

untoward An'tord,

-d

|-d

ES

-'tord;

unsweetened An'switnd
unswept An'swept
unswerving An'swyvig; ES -'sw3v-, -'swyvunsymmetrical jAnsi'metrikl |-ly -i, -ikli
unsympathetic jAnsimpa'OEtik |-ally -li, -ikli
unsystematic jAnsista'maetik

|-al -1 |-ally -li.

untraceable An'tresabl |-bly -bk

untrained An'trend

untrammeled An'traemid
untransferable

^Antraens'fs-abl;

ES

untactful An'taektfal

untranslatable jAntraens'letabl, -traenz- l-bly

untraveled An'traevld

|-ly -i

untraversed An'traevs'st, -'traevyst;

untainted An'tentid ('un^tainted 'honor)

untaken Aii'tekan

untread

untamed An'temd

|-mable, -meable

untangle An'taeggl

|-d

-mabl

-d |-ling -glig, -glig

untanned An'taend ('unjtanned

untarnished An'tarm/t;

ES

E+-'ta:n-

-'triu j-ly

untruss An'trAS

unteachable An'tit/abl

untrustful An'trAstfal

-bh

untended An'tendid

untented An'tentid
^Ant9jnai-3(T

\-\y -i

|-ths -t$z, -Os [-ful -fal

-fully -fak

unturned An'tynd; ES -'tsnd, -'ts'nd

untutored An'tuta^d, -'tiuta^d, -'tjuta'C
untwine An'twam

untested An'testid
]-kful

-kfal

|-kfully

|-d

-d

unused An'juzd -sable -zabl

-kfak

|-bly

unusual An'ju3ual, -'ju3ul, -'jusal

unthought An'Oat

unuttered An'Ata^d;

|-ful -fal

-fully -fak

unthought-of An'OatjOv, -jDV, -jAv

l-bly

ES

-bk
|-ly

unvalued An'vaeljud

unthrone An'Gron

unvaried An'verid, -'vend, -'vaerid

-d

|-dily

]-

rj'ing

-'va:n-.

E+

-nig

-dh, -dili

unvarnished

untie An'tai [-tied -'taid

until an'til

ES

An'vamift;

-'va:n-

untilled An'tild

unveil An'vel |-ed -d

untimely An'taimli

unventilated An'ventljCtid

untinged An'tindsd
untired An'taird;

ES

unverified An'vera^faid |-fiable -jfaiabj l-bly

-bk

-'taiad; |-ring -rig

unversed An'yyst;

untitled An'taitld

unto not in familiar

use.

Before vowel 'Antu;

before cons. 'Anta, 'ahIu; before

pause 'Antu;

untold An'told ('unjtold 'riches)

unvisited An'vizitid

|-bly -bli

bee bi |pity

baG (10) [ah a

|-ized -^aizd

unwanted An'wantid,

untouched An'tAtJt j-chable -t/abl

|far

-'v3st, -'vyst

unvoiced An'vaist ('un^voiced 'thought)

untouchability jAntAtJa'bibti

See in full 3^7.

ES

unvexed An'vekst
unvocal An'vokl

in poetry often An'tu

bath baeG;

-bk

unthrifty Aii'enfti ('un^thrifty 'knave)

untidy An'taidi

-'Atad; |-rable -tarabl

unvaccinated An'raeksn^etid

|-ed -id

\-d

ES

untwist An'twist |-ed -id

unthinkable An'Gigkabl |-bly -bh |-king -kig

unthread An'ered

-tad

unterrified An'terajfaid

An'Oieflkt

-k

|-es -iz j-ed -t

untruth An'truO, -'triuG

-bli

ES

\ppic

ES +

untrod An'trad; ES+-'trDd; |-den -n

untaxed An'ttekst |-xable -ksabl

'Anta^^maia^;

-'trad
-'trad;

-'trDd(n)

untroubled An'tiAbld

|-bly

-trod

or

untrue An'tru,

Aii't3t

untenable An'tenabl |-bly

-trod

\past

-'tradn

untaught

unthanked

-'trae-

untrimmed An'tnmd

'hides)

-'ta:n-,

An'tred

-trodden

untasted An'testid

Untermeyer

ES

vast, -'traev3st, -'traevyst

untalented An'taelantid

-'fsra-.

-'f3^-

-bk

-ikh

Key:

E+

-'toad,

-'toad

'piti

(6) [rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg [angrj' 'aeg-gri

far watch watj,

|

-'wantid, -'wontid; S

-'wantid, -'wontid, -'wantid

wot/

(12)

jaw dsa gorge gards

|

|go

go

unwarily

up
up

unwarily AnVerali, -Verah, -'waerali

ES
unwarned An'warnd; ES
unwarlike An'worjlaik;

-'waa-

-'woand;

|-nedly

unwarranted

-'war-,

-Vor-

AnVorantid,

n, adj Ap, V

unwary An'weri, -Veri, -'waeri see wary

unwashed An'wa/t, -'wD/t, -Vo/t
unwatched An'wat/t, -'wotjt, -'wotft

up and up, up-and-up 'Apan'Ap, 'Apand'Ap

Upanishad u'paenij/aed, u'panijjad
upas 'jupas jupases 'jupasiz
upborne Ap'bom, -'barn;

unwavering An'wevrig, -Vevang

unwearable An'werabl, -'waer-; S -'waerunwearied An 'wind,
S+-'werid;
-'wir-;

upbraid Ap'bred

-wove -'wov or -weaved

-woven -'wovan or -wove

\past

\pptc

An'wed |-ded

unweight An'wet

-built

-'bilt

or

-ed

E+-jkast, -^kast

n, adj Upikaest;

upcountry

|-ed -id

jfolk,

cf

n, adj,

adv 'Ap'kAntri ('up 'country

'upjcountry 'town)

unwell An'wel

upend

unwept An'wept
unwholesome An'holsam

upgather Ap'gaeSa';

unwieldy An'wildi

upgrade

Ap'end -ended -'endid

|

-'gae'Srig,

unwilling An'wiliij

ES

-'gae'Sa(r; |-ed

-d [-ing

-'gaeSang

adj, adv 'Ap'gred ('up-grade

&

'down-

jgrade)

unwincing An'wmsig

upgrowth 'ApjgroO

An'waind -wound -'waund

oj breath' An'wind |-ed -id
|

upharsin ju'farsin;

|-ths -9s

ES

-'fa:sin,

E4'fa:s-

upheaval Ap'hivl, 'Apjhivl

unwinking An'wigkig
unwise Aii'waiz unwisdom An'wizdam
unwished An'wi/t

upheave Ap'hiv [-heaved -'hivd

unwitnessed An'witnist

uphill adj 'Ap'hil ('up-hill 'work)

unwitting An'witig

uphill adv 'Ap'hil ('up,liill

unwomanly An'wumanli, -'wumanh

unwonted An'wAntid see wont

uphold Ap'hold 1-held -'held

unworkable An'ws^kabl; ES -'wsk-, -'wyk-;

upholster Ap'holsta^;

-bk
unworldly An'wyldh;

arch,

-'bildid

downcast

-id

unwelcome An'wElkam ('un^welcome 'news)

^deprive

E+

|-ed -id

upbuild Ap'bild
upcast

-'wov

^uncoil'

-'boan,

upbringing n 'Apjbrigig

unweave An'wiv

unwind
imwind

ES

-'baan

|-rying -riig

adj

Ap |upped Apt

to rhythm
and meaning; unstr. apup and down, up-and-down 'Apan'daun,
'Apm'daun ('up-and-jdown 'motion)

|-table -tabl |-bly -bli

unwed

adv, prep, stressed 'ap, jAp; unstr. Ap, ap

up- prefix Ap-, jAp-, 'ap- according

-nidli

-'wivd

upper

459

upheld Ap'held
uphill

'Apjhil, Ap'hil

&

'downihill)
\arch.

pptc+

-holden -'holdan

ES

-sta(r; |-ed -d |-ing

-strig, -starig

l-bly

ES

-'w3ld-, -'wyld-

unworn An'worn, -'warn; ES -'woan,

E+

upholsterer Ap'holstara^, -'holstra^;

ES

unworshipped An'wy/apt; ES -Vs/-, -'wy/unworthy au'w^Si; ES -'wstJi, -'ws^tJi

upkeep n 'Apjkip
upkeep V Ap'kip |-kept -'kept
upland n, adj, adv 'Apland, 'Apjaend

unwound 'uncoiled' An'waund

unwounded 'unhurt' An'wundid, -'wa undid

uplift

-'w33n

-ra(r

upholstery Ap'holstn, -'holstari

uplander 'Aplanda^, 'Ap^laenda^ ;

ES

-da(r

'Apjhft

unwrap An'raep |-ped -t

un wrinkle An'rigkl |-d -d

uplift V Ap'lift ]-lifted -'Iiftid, arch, past &'

unwritten An'ritn ('un^written 'law)

upmost 'Ap^most
upon stressed a'pan, a'pnn, a'pan;

pptc+-liit -'hft

unwrought An 'rat
unyielding An'jildig

unyoke An'jok |-yoked

|full

occas.

upper

-'jokt

ful Itooth tue [further 'fytSa^;

ES

'fstJa

unstr.

apan; restressed a'pAn

'Apa-;

ES Upa(r

|custom 'kAstam |while hwail |how hau |toy

tai

lusing 'juzig |fuse fjuz, fiuz |dish dij [vision 'visan |Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'Idpm

upper-class

Ursa

460

upper-class

ES

Vpa^'klaes;

E+

'Apa'klaes,

uptown

uppercut

ES 'ApaES Upa-

'Apa'^^most;

ES

uppers 'Apa'z;

upturn

Uppsala 'Apjsab

{Siv 'b'pjsarla)

upraise Ap'rez

|-s

-iz |-d

uprear Ap'rir;

ES

Ural-Altaic 'jural-ael'te-ik
uranalysis jura'naelasis |-yses -a^siz

v 'Ap^rait |-ed -id

Urania ju'renia
uranic ju'raenik

-iz

|-s

uprise v Ap'raiz

-Voz

|-rose

-iz

|-s

|-n

-n

uraninite ju'raenajnait

[-risen

-'nzn

uranite 'jura^nait

uranium ju'remam, -njam

Uranus 'juranas |-'s -iz

Vp^raizii), Ap'raizig

uproar 'Ap^ror,

-^rar;

ES

E+-jr33(r;

-jro3(r,

ES

urban, U- 's'ban;

V up'roar

uproarious Ap'rorias, -'rarias; S -Vorias

Urbana y'baena; ES

uproot ApVut, -Vut j-ed -id

urbane y'ben;

uprouse ApVauz

-iz |-d -d

|-s

Upsala 'Apjsab (Sw

upset adj,

ES 'ab-, 'ybES s'bien-, y'baen's^ban^aiz; ES '3b-, 'yb-; |-s

urbanity s^'baenati;
urbanize

ES+'^Jot

upside Vp'said, Up^said

l-d-d
urchin 'ytjm;

upside down, upside-down 'Apjsaid'daun

Urdu

'jupsabn,

upsilon

-Jon,

-^laii,

adj, adv, v 'Ap'steds

ocd + 'up^stairs,

urethra ju'riOra

-iz j-d -d

|-s

adj,

|-niic

-mik

-z |-rae -ri

|-s

urethritis jjuri'Oraitis

-'steaz,

ES

uretic ju'retik

adv 'up'stairs

ES

urge a'ds;

sds, s^Ay,

|-s -iz |-d

-d |-nt -ant

1-ncy -ansi

upstart n, adj 'Ap^start;

ES

'uadu, ua'du.

|-1 -1

uremia ju'rimia, -mja

upstanding Ap'staendig
upstart V Ap'start;

ES

uredo ju'rido

upstairs n, Ap'sterz, -'staerz;

-'staeaz;

'st/in, 's^t/m

'urdu, ur'du, ^-'du;

urea ju'ria, 'juria

'Ap^spriij

upspring v Ap'sprig \past -sprang -'spraeg or

-sprung -'sprAij \pptc -sprung -'sprAQ

ES

Uriah ju'raia

-jSta:t, E-i--jSta:t

-'start,

E + -'sta:t;

uric 'junk

|-ed

-id

Uriel 'jurial

upstate adj, adv Up'stet ('up^state 'town)

Urim 'jurim

upstream

urinal 'juranl

adj, adv 'Ap'strim; v Ap'strim j-ed -d

upstroke 'Ap^strok

urinalysis jura'ntelasis |-yses -a,siz

upsweep n Vp^swip
upsweep V Ap'swip |-swept -'swept
upswing n 'Apjswig
upswing V Ap'swig j-swung -'swAg
uptake 'Apjtek

urinary 'jurajneri
urinate 'jura^net

urn yn;

Urquhart

bee bi

baO (10) |ah a

|far

an,

yn

'yka^t,

Ursa 'ysa;
pity
|

jura'ne/an

ES + -'d1ES 'sk-,

-kit;

's-k-;

{Sc

'srxart)

uptown n Ap'taun, 'Apjtaun

See in full 3~47.

ES

urology jur'aladsi;

up-to-date 'Apta'det ('up-to-jdate 'news)

[bath beO;

j-d -id |-tion

urine 'junn

upthrust 'ApjOrAst

Key;

ES

-iz

s'du, y'du

jup-

Brit,

'saibn

upspring n

y'bana

s'ben, y'ben; |-ness-'ben-

nis

v Ap'set

'ApjJ"at;

ES

'sban, 'yban
s'baena,

urbanite 's^ban^ait;

'ap^saila)

upset n Upjset

upstage

-d

Ural 'jural

S + -'r3(r; j-ed -d

-'ri3(r,

uprise n Up^raiz

upshot

'down-

uraemia ju'rimia, -mja |-mic -mik

-d

upright adv Up^rait, ApVait

uprising

&

ES -jtan, -^tyn
ES -'tsn, -'tyn; |-ed
ES 'Apwad; |-s -z

V Ap'tyn;

upward 'Apwa^d;
Ur y; ES 3(r, s'

'Apsz

uppish UpiJ

upright n, adj,

('up^town

upturn n 'Ap^tyn;

n, v Vpa^^kAt;

uppermost

adj, adv 'Ap'taun

jtown)

-'klas, -'klas

'piti

6)

ES

'ssa, 'ysa

rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg |angrj' 'aeg-gri

I

far |watch wat/,

WDt/

(12) Ijaw dsa [gorge gards |go go

Ursa Major

461

Ursa Major 's'sa'medsa'; ES 'ssa'medsaCr,

'yss'medsaCr; \gen Ursae Majoris 'ysi-,
'ssima'dsoris |Minor -'mama^; ES -nad;
Minoris -mi'noris

\gen

ES

ursine 'ysain, -sin;

Ursula 'ysjula, 'ysala;

'ss-, ^s's-

ES

Vs-; |-line
Ursley 'ursk, modern
'ss-,

(m

5/;a^.

ES

'ssas, 'ysas |-sus' -sas

-hn, -jlain

usurious ju'3urias, -rjas

Ursus 'ys3s;

Urswick ^yzwik, 'yzik;

ES

usury

'jusari, 'jusri

Utah

'juta, 'juta |-an

Ute

s (let's

utensil ju't2nsl

'juea^;

|-es -iz j-ri -^rai j-rine

ES

kts)

utile 'jutil

utilitarian jjutila'terian, ju^tila-, -'terutility ju'tilati

utilization jjutla'zefan, -ai'zutilize 'jutl,aiz

usance 'juzns

|-s

-rm

'iuea(r

usable 'juzabl
less freq. 'jiizidj |-s -iz

juza-, -sa-

-an

usability Juza'bibti

usage 'jusids,

ES

Utica 'jutika

'sz-, 'yz-

j-'s

-sa^-;

jut, 'juti

Uther

Uruguay 'jura^gwe, -jgvvai (5^ juru'gwai)

Uruguayan jura'gwean, -'gwaian
us stressed 'as, jAs; unstr. as

-sp, -3"p; |-ed -t

usurpation Juza^'pejan,

uterus 'jutaras

Vsli)

ES

usurp ju'zyp, -'syp;

utmost

-iz

use w jus uses 'jusiz

-iz j-d -d j-zable -abj

|-s

'Atjinost,

'Atmast

Utopia ju'topia, -pja

|-n

Utrecht 'jutrekt {Du

'ytrext)

-n

use V juz |uses 'juziz |used juzd |-able -abl

utricle 'jutrikl

used to adj 'accustomed

utter,

accustomed

to': before

to,'

'was (were)

a pause 'justu, before

vowels 'justu, before vowels or conss. 'justa

useful 'jusfal

usher,

U-

Uxb ridge

'iuza(r

ES

'Aj'a(r; |-ed

-d |-ing -Jang,

ES

'Ata(r; 1-ed -d

ES

|-s

-iz

'Atara(r

|-lar -la^;

'Aksbrids

]-'s

ES

ES

'Ata-

-la(r

-iz

uxorial Ak'sorial, Ag'z-, -anal; S -orial; |-ious

-las

-/rig

Usk Ask

uxoricide Ak'sora^said, Ag'z-, -ar-; S -or-

Uzbek 'Azb8k |Uzbeg 'Azbg

usquebaugh Uskwi^ba
usual 'ju5ual, 'jusul, 'jusal

uzzard

|-ly -i

usurer 'jusara^;

ES

vacuum Vaekjuam

Vs, poss V's viz

vacant 'vekant vacancy 'vekansi

|

vacate Veket [-cated -ketid

vacation

ve'ke/an,

va-,

'Azad

Uzziel A'zaial

'ju3ara(r

letter vi \pl V's,

ES

'izsard' 'Aza^d;

Uzziah A'zaia

usufruct 'juzjujfrAkt, 'jus-

V, V

utterer 'Atara^;

uvula 'juvjala

ES

UJa-

'Ata^;

uttermost 'Ata^,most, -mast;

|-ly -i

useless 'juslis

user 'juza';

U-

utterance 'Atarans, 'Atrans

vi-

|-ed

-d

-ing

vagina va'dgaina

-/anil), -Xnig

|-s

-z

vacua 'vaekjua

vade mecum 'vedi'mikam

vagabond 'vaega/band, -^bond
vagary va'geri, ve-, -'gen

|-age -ids

|-nal 'vaedsanl, va'dsainl

vaccinate 'vaeksrijCt |-d -id |-tion jvaeksu'e/an

vagrant 'vagrant |-grancy -gransi

vaccine 'vaeksin, -sin

vagrom malapropism 'vegram

Vachel

vague veg

'vet/al

vacillate 'vaesl/Ct |-d -id |-tion jvaesl'e/an

vagus 'vegas

vacillatory 'vaeslajtori, -^tari; S -;tori

vail vel

vacuity vae'kjuati, va-, -'kiu-

Vailima vai'lima

vacuo VaekjujO |-uous -juas

vain ven |-ness Vennis

|full

ful |tooth tu6 [further 'fySa^;

ES

|-es -iz |-vagi

'vedsai

vailed veld

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kred! [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm


462

vainglory
vainglory ven'glori, -'gbn; S -'glon;

|-

rious

varsity
vandal, V- 'vfendl [-ism -^izam

vandalize 'vaendljaiz

-ri3s

vair \er, vaer;

veaCr,

ES

|-s

-iz |-d

ES

Vanderbilt 'vaendar^bilt;

vae3(r

-d

'vaenda-

vale 'valley' vel

Van Dieman, v- vaen'diman

Van Doren vaen'doran, -'dor-; S

vale 'farewell' Veil

van Dyck, Dijk vaen'daik

valance Vaelans

-iz |-d -t

|-s

-'dor-

valediction jvaeb'dikjan

Van Dyck

valedictorian jvaebdik'torian, -'tar-; S -'tor-

Vandyke, Van Dyke, van D- vaen'daik

vane yen |vaned vend
Vanessa va'nesa
van Eyck vaen'aik
vanguard 'vaen^gord; ES -iga:d, E+-iga:d

valedictory jvaeb'diktari, -tn

valence c/tem. 'vebns |-cy -si

Valencia va'knfia, -/a

|-n

-n

Valenciennes va^knsi'enz {Fr vala'sjen)

valentine,

V-

vaen'daik

vanilla va'nib

'vaelan^tain

Valera, de dava'lera, -'kra, -'lira

vanish 'vasni/

Valeria va'liria

vanity 'vasnati

valet

|-ed -id {Fr

'vaelit

French

|-ius -s |-ius's -siz

Valet, with a

400

vse'le

'vaele,
i,

va'k)

pseudo-

sometimes heard.

is

has been English for

at least

van Loon vaen 'Ion

vanquish 'vaenkwij, Vaegvantage 'vaentids [-s -iz [-d -d

vanward

years.

valetudinarian jVaebjtjudn'erian, -jtiu-,

- itu-,

-'tiu-, -'tu-

ES

'vaenwa^d;

'vaenwad

vapid 'vaepid [vapidity vas'pidati, va-

vapor

-'erian

valetudinary jvaela'tjudnjEn,

]-es -iz |-ed -t

ES

'vepa^;

'vepa(r; |-ous -as, -pras

vaporific jvepa'rifik

Valhalla vael'haeb

vaporization jvepara'ze/an, -ai'z-

valiant 'vaeljant |-nce -ns |-ncy -nsi

vaporize 'vepa^raiz

valid 'vaelid

Vargas 'vargas;

validate Vala^det |-d -id

variability jvena'bibti, jver-, jvaer-

validity va'lidati

variable 'veriabl, 'ver-, 'vaer- [-bly -bli

valise va'lis

|-s

variation ^veri'e/an, jver-, jvasr-

varicolored

valley 'vaeh [-ed -id

Vallombrosa jvaeiam'brosa
'vaela^;

ES

-iz |-d

'ver-,

variegate 'vrijget, 'ver-, 'vaer- |-d -id

variegation jveri'gejan, jver-, jvaervariety va'raiati

{Sp jbalpara'iso)

j-tal -tl |-tally -tli

valuable 'vaeljabl, 'vaeljuabl |-bly -bli

variola va'raiab

valuation jvjelju'ejan

varioloid jvena'bid, jver-, jvaer-

ES

variorum jveri'oram,

-jCtaCr

value 'vaelju [valued 'vaeljud

valve vaelv

|-d

-'or

ES

varlet 'varht;

-b(r

vamoose vae'mus -s -iz |-d -t

vamp vaemp vamped va;mpt
vampire 'vaempair; ES 'vaempai3(r;
van vaen vanned vaend
vanadium va'nediam, -djam
Van Buren vaen'bjuran, -'biuran
Vancouver vaen'kuva^; ES -'kuva(r
See in full 3^7.

|bath baeO;

[far

'va:ht, E+'va:l-; |-ry -ri

ES

'va:mant,

E+

'va:m[-ed -d

bee bi |pity

baG (10) |ah a

ES

varment, -mint 'varraant;

Key:

jver-, jvaer-, -'aram; S

am

various 'verias, 'ver-, 'vaer-

-d

valvular 'vaelvjala^;

ES

varicosis jvaeri'kosis

-d

Valparaiso jvaelpaVezo, in 5^4+-'raiso, -zo

valuator 'vaeljujeta^;

'vr-;

varicose 'vaerijkos, 'veri- |-d -t

Vaebcr; |-ous -as

|-s

'ven^kAla^d,

-jkAbd

(// jvallom'brorsa)

valorization ^vielara'ze/an, -ai'zvalorize 'vseb^raiz

{Pg VargaJ)

'va:g-;

variant 'vriant, 'ver-, 'vaer- |-nce -ns

-iz

Valkyrie vail'kiri

valor

-iz |-d -d |-ry -ri

|-s

ES

Varney 'vami; ES
varnish 'varnij;
Varrius 'vaerias

Varro

ES
|-'s

'va:ni,

'va:n-,

E+'va:n-;

j-es -iz

-iz

'vaero

varsity 'varsati, 'varsti;

'piti (6)

E + 'va:ni

ES

'va:s-,

E + 'va:s-

|rate ret |yet Jt |sang saeg langrj- 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

Varuna

veracious

463

Varuna Vaeruna,

velum 'vilam

'vAr-

vary Veri, Ve:ri, Veri, Vaeri |-ried -rid

Some speakers distinguish vary from very

Velutus va'lutas,

ES

|-

S -IZ

venation vi'ne/an

vaseline Vaesljin, -in

vend vend

vassal Vaesl |-ed -d

vender 'venda^;

vast vest; E+vast, vast;

|-ed -id |-ee ven'di

ES

vendetta vn'deta

|-ity -ati

'venda(r
-z

|-s

vendibihty ^venda'bilati

vat vaet

vendible 'vendabl |-bly -bli

Vatican Vaetikan
vaudeville

Vodv-,

Voda^vil,

Voda^vil

{Fr

vendition ven'dijan

ES

vendor 'venda^;

vod'vil)

vendue ven'dju,

Vaughan, -ghn vdh

Vaux Eng name vaks

j-'s -iz,

Fr

vil.

vo

('Vaux ,hall

ES

vavasour Vaev3jSur;

venerable 'venarabl, -nra- |-bly -bli

venerate 'vena^ret

[-d -id |-tion

I've aiv, you've 'juv,

is

still

lieard,

15-I9cc; cf

OF

ES

venge vends

Vekt3(r

|-s

|-s

venial 'vinial, -njal |-ly

vee vi

Venice 'venis

Vega {Sp

poet

vegetable Vedstabl, Vedsatabl

j-'s

'bega)

|-tal

-dsati

vegetate Vedsa^tet

venous 'vinas

|-d -id |-tive -iv

vehement Viamant, Vihi-

ES

ventilate 'vEntl^et \-d -id |-tor

ventral 'vntral

|-s

-iz |-d

j-'s

ES

-a(r

\-\y -i

Ventura ven'tura
venture

-keOs, -kwiziz

veld, -dt vlt

'vent/a^;

ES

-t/a(r;

|-d

-d

[-ring

-tjarig, -t/rig |-rous -tjaras, -tjras

vellum Vslam

venue 'venju, 'veniu, 'venu

velocipede va'lasa^pid;
velocity va'lasati;

|full

-iz

-3^;

ventriloquism VEn'trilajkwizam |-quist -kwist

-d

Velasquez, -laz- va'laskeO, va'laeskwiz {Sp

velours va'lur;

|-'s

ventricle 'ventrikl

Vila(r

be'laskeG, -'laO-)

-iz

ventilation jventl'e/an

vein ven veined vend

velarize Vila^raiz

|-'s

|-ed -d |-ous -as

Ventidius ven'tidias, -'tidsas

-'hikjala(r

veiled veld

ES

-iz

ventail 'ventel

|-nce -ns

vehicle Viikl, Viakl, Vihikl

vehicular vi'hikjala';

-iz

vent vent |-ed -id

vegetation jvedsa'tejan

velar Vila^;

jbene-

-i

Venizelos jVni'zelas, -Ins, -las

venom 'vgnam

{Am Sp

venison 'venazn {Brit 'venzn)

vegetarian ^vedsa'tErian, -'ter-

veil vel

-n

venire facias vi'nairi'fejijfes

vi3(r; [-ed -d

Sp

|-n

-iz |-d -d |-ful -fal |-fully -fall

vengeance 'vendsans

-dik

|-dic

vedette va'det

star 'viga,

Venitian

Venicien, Fr Venitien.

'swela)

|vealed vild

Veda Veda, VIda

Venicyan,

spelt

Venezuela ^vena'zwila

they've 3ev

vector 'vekta^;

The old variant va'nijan

Venetian va'nijan

have v, as in
juv, we've Viv, wiv.

've abhr. spelling of unstressed

Vega

jvena'te/an

venery 'vsnari

-jSU3(r

vaward Vawa^d; ES Vowad

ES

-d

-'nia(r; |-ed

venereal va'ninal

'Gardens)

veer vir;

an ven'dar)

venerabihty jvenara'bilati

|-ed -id

ES + Voks-;

Vauxhall Vaks'liDl;

-da(r; (ven'di

-'diu, -'du

ES

veneer va'nir;

vault volt -ed -id

vaunt vDnt, vont, vant

vil

-i

venal 'vinl |-naUty vi'naelati

'vaeskJ3b(r

vase ves, imich lessfreq. vez, {Brit vaz)

veal

-'lua(r, -'lnja(r

-'liu- |-'s -iz

velvet 'velvit |-ed -id ]-y

by a longer (55)
vascular Vaeskjala^;

ES

velure va'lur, -'hur;

ES

ES + - 'Ins-

Venus 'vinas
Vera 'vira

ES + -'los-

veracious va 're/as |-racity -'raesati

-'lua(r

ful |tooth tuG Ifurther 'fy'Sa';

|-es -iz |-'s -iz

ES

'fatJa

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz jdish dij" [vision

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow hau [toy

Visan jEden

'Idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


Veracruz
Veracruz, V- Cruz Vera'kruz

(Am Sp

-iz

|-'s

veranda, -ah va'raenda [-daed, -dahed -dad

ES

verb vyb;

vsb, vs^b;

|-al -1 |-ally -li

ES

verbatim va^'betim, vy-;

verbena va^'bina;

ES

va-, V3-,

Vsnaz, Vynaz

vy-

ES Vsb-, VybES va-, V3-, vy-;

v^-;

va^'bos,

ES fa-; {Ger fEr'bo:tan)

verdant 'va^dnt; ES Vsd-, Vyd-; |-ncy -nsi
Verde, Cape 'kepVyd; ES -Vad, -Vs'd
Verdi 'verdi; ES Veadi; {It Verdi)
verdict 'vydikt; ES Vsd-, Vydverdigris Vydi^gris; ES Vsd-, Vydverditer Vs^dita'; ES V3dita(r, Vydit3(r
Verdun ver'dAn, Verdan; ES vea'dAn,
verboten fa^'botn;

Veadan; {Fr

V3d3a(r, Vyd3a(r,

ES

verger Vs^dsa^;

ES

ES

-iz |-d -d

]-s

ES

Vs-,

'vs^-; j-ges'

versatility ^vysa'tilati;

ES

verse vs^s;
versicle

vss, vys;

Vsds-, Vyds-

Vergilian v3'M3iL[an, V3^-, -Ijan;

ES

versicolor Vs^si/kAl*;

ES

va-, V3-,

verify Verajfai |-fied -^faid [-fiable -jfaiabj

-bh

ES

vertical Vs^tikl;

vertigo

ES

Vss-, Vs's-;

ES

vervain Vs^ven;

verve vyv;

ES 'v3-, Vs'ES Vs-, Vyjvs^ma'seli; ES jV3m-, ^vs^m-;

ES

Vs-, Vy-;

ES

Vst-, Vyt-; |-ly

{It

V3"majf3rni;

ES

Vsmajfaam,

regards

it

ES

ES

'v3m-,

-i, -ikli

vs-, vs'-

Vst-,

Vyt-;

va^'tidsa/iiiz;

ES Vsven,

vsv,

|-s

ES

-z,

va-

Vs"-

vyv

educated Atnericans often

Vespasian VEs'pesian, -3an

ES

Vespucci vEs'putJi

VsspaCr
{It ves'puttji)

vessel VesI |vesseled

Vs'mva^'miljan;

Vermillion va^'nuljan;

ES

ES

vs'-;

Vesta VEsta vestal VesII

va-

ES

|-ous -as

va'mant, V3-,

vestee VEs'ti
vestibule VEsta^bjul, -jbiul [-d -d
vestige Vsstids

vy-, -'mrnit

vermouth VymuG, va^'muG; ES Vs-, va-,

Vy-; {Fr VEr'mut, Ger VVermut Ve:rmu:t)
See in full 3-47.

bee

baG (10) ]ah a

VEsld

vest vEst vested Vsstid

va-

vermin Vymin; ES V3inin, Vsrn-;

ES

as standard.

vesper Vsspa^;

vermifuge Vymaifjud3, -ifiud3;

|bath bfcG;

-iz |-tices

vesicle VESikl

V3"in-

Vermont va^'mant,

]-s

pronounce very almost like Vyi, hut no one

-mil;

jVermi'tjElli)

V-

[-brae

vs-, vy-; {It ver'tu:)

Some

very Veri

verjuice Vs'jdsus, -jd3ius;

vermilion,

|-fied -^faid

Verulam VErulam, VEralam

-^simala(r

veritable 'vEratabl |-bly -bh |-ty Verati

vermiform

Vys-

jVss-, ^vys-

ES

Vyti^go;

verisimilitude jverasa'nulajtjud, -jtiud, -^tud

vermicelli

ES

-braz |-brate -jbret

-jbri |-bras

vertu vy'tu;

verisimilar jvera'simala^;

Vyml,

VssijkAlaCr,

Vy/an; ES Vs-, Vs"-

version Vs^san,

a^Lva^'taigo |-tigines

verily Verali

vermeil

-iz |-d -t

versification ;vysafa'ke/an;

vertiginous vy'tidsanas;

l-bly

|-s

Vss-, Vys-

-tajsiz

VS'-

Key:

ES

Vysikl;

vertex Vytsks;

-d3iz, -dsiz

ES

ES Vss-, 'v3--sES jvss-, jva^s-

versatile Vysatl, -til;

ES Vsso, Vyso
ES vsst, vyst
versus Vs^sas; ES Vss-, Vysvertebra Vs'tabra; ES Vst-, Vyt-;

'v3d3a(r, V3"d3a(r

Verges V3^d3iz, -dsiz;

Vergil Vs^dsal;

va-; France va^-

va-, VEa-; {Fr vEr'sa:j)

verst vyst;

da'via(r

vsds, vyds;

ES

ES

va^'selz;

'selz, vEr'sai;

verso Vs'so;

-d3ua(r; |-rous -ras

Vere, de daVir;

US

Versailles

versify V^sajfai;

v2r'doe)

ES

Vsni-aCr, Vyni-a(r

Vernon Vynan; ES Vsnan, Vynan

Verona va'rona {It ve'roma)
Veronica va'ranika, -'ron-

|-bosity -'basati; ES-h-'bos-

verdure Vs^dsa^, -djur;

ES

vernier Vynia^;

va'bina

verbiage Vs^biids, -bjids;

verge v^ds;

ES V3'naekjala(r
ES Vsnl, Vy-; [-ly -i
Verne V3f-n; ES vsn, v3'-n; {Fr VErn)
Verner's law Vsma^z Ua, Vs^na-z; ES Vsanaz,
vernacular va^'naekjala';
vernal Vynl;

'bera'krus)

verbose

vestment

464

|-s

-iz

vestigial Vs'tid3ial |-ly -i

vestment VEstmant

|-ed -id

bi |pity 'piti (6) |rate ret |yet JEt |sang saeg langrj^ 'o-gri
|far

far |\vatch watj,

wot/

(12) |jaw dsa jgorge gards |go go

465

vestry

vindicable
vicious Vi/as

vestry 'vestri

ES

vesture Vestfa^;

-d-d

-t/3(r;

vicissitude va'sisajtjud, -jtiud, -^tud

vesuvian, V- va'suvian, -'siu-, -'sju-

|-ius

ES

Vicksburg Viksbyg;
victim Viktim

-I3S, -VJ3S |-ius's -3SIZ

-bsg, -byg

|-ize -^aiz |-izes -^aiziz |-ized

vet vt vetted 'vEtid

I

ES %kta(r

vetch vetf [vetches Vet/iz

victor 'vikta';

veteran Vetaran, 'vetran

Victoria, v- vik'toria, -'tar-, -rja;

veterinarian jvetra'nEtian, -tara-,

'ner-

ve terinary 'vetr3ineri, VetarajnEri

veto

-'tor-;

victory 'viktri, 'viktari

vetoed 'vitod

'vito

-n |-ious -las, -rjas

|-n

victress 'viktris |-es -iz

vex vks [vexes Veksiz ]-ed

Victrola vik'trola

-t |-edly -idli

vexation veks'e/an |-tious -Jas

victual

via Vai3

'vitl [victuals 'vitlz (vittle 1575)

vicuna vi'kjuna, -'kiiina {Sp bi'kuna)

viable VaiabI

Vida

viaduct 'vai3jdAkt

first

name

'vaida, 'vida; It poet 'vida

(// 'vi:da)

vial 'vaial, vail

vide

viand Vaiand

videlicet, abbr. viz. vi'delasit, viz

viaticum vai'aetikam

Vienna vi'na

vibrant Vaibrant |-ncy -nsi

vibrate Vaibret ]-d -id |-tor

'vaidi

vie vai |vied vaid [vying 'vaiig

-z |-ca -ka

|-s

'^ee'

ES

-a^;

view vju, viu

-3(r

[-nese jvia'niz
[-ed -d [-point -jpaint

vibration vai'brejan |-tive Vaibrativ, -bre-

vigesimal vai'dsesaml

vibrato vi'brato

vigil 'vidsal

vibratory Vaibrajtori,

-jtori;

viburnum, V- vai'bs^nam;

ES

vicar 'vika^;

ES

vigilant 'vidsalant [-lance -lans

-jtori

-'bsn-, -'byn-

Vik3(r

vigor 'viga^;

vicarial vai'kerial, vi-, -'ker- |-ious -las

vice

n vais vices Vaisiz

viking,

vice prep Vaisi, -si

vice-chancellor Vais'tjaensala^,

-sla^;

ES

-l3(r;

-3(r; |-ate -it |-ship

-a^,

vilify 'vilajfai [-fied -jfaid

vice-governor Vais'gAvana^, -vna^, -'gAva^na';

-'gAV3n3(r,

-vn3(r;

|-ship

village 'vilids

-Jip

villein 'vilin

Villiers 'vila^z, 'vilja^z;

villous 'vilas

{121).

Vilna 'vilna

vice-president

-iz [-d -d

villanage, -ain-, -en-, -ein- 'vilanids

'gAva^na^ becomes 'gAvana^ by dissimilation

vicennial vai'sEinal |-ly

|-s

villain 'vilan [-ous -as [-y -i

-Jip

vicegerent vais'dsirant |-ncy -nsi |-ship -j/ip

ES

'viga(r; [-ous -as

vill vil [villa 'vila

vice-consul 'vais'kansl; ES+-'kDn-; |-ar

ES

ES

'vaikig

vilification ^vilafa'kejan

-ti

-ship -Jip

-sjala^;

V-

vile vail [vilely 'vailli

vice-admiral Vais'aedmaral |-ty

vigilante jVidsa'laenti

vignette vin'jet [vignetted vin'jetid

ES

vim vim

-i

'vais'prezadant,

-'prezdant

vinaigrette jVina'gret |-d -id

Vincennes

|-ncy -nsi |-ship -^Jip

US

vin'senz

|-'s

vice-regent Vais'ridsant |-ncy -nsi

v'sen
Vincent 'vinsnt

viceroy Vaisrai |-ship -y/ip

Vincentio vin'senJijO, -Jjo

viceregal vaisVigl |-ly

-i

viceroyal vaisVaial, -Vajal |-ty

vice versa 'vaisi'vysa;

Vichy

ES

'vilaz, -Ijaz

Vinci,

-ti

-Vasa, -Vs'sa

Vi/i, 'vi/i {Fr vi'/i)

Leonardo da

-iz

jlia'nardo da'vintji;

vincible 'vinsabl [-bly -bli

vindicability jvindaka'bilati

vicinity va'sinati

vindicable 'vindakabl [-bly -bh

ful [tooth tuO [further 'fytJa^;

ES

-'na:do; {It jleo'nardo da'yintji)

vicinage Visnids |-nal -snal, -sanl

[full

\France Fr

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

'em

tai

'kipip

466

vindicate
vindicate Vindajket |-d -id |-tor

-a^;

ES

vituperation

ES Vs-, 'vs-; |-ly -i

ES 'vs-, 'vy-; |-tuous -tjuas
jvytju'asati;
ES jVStXu'asati.

virtual Vytjual;

-3(r

vindication jvinda'kejan

virtue 'vytju;

vindicative 'vindajketiv, vin'dikativ

virtuosity

vindicatory Vindaka^ton, -itDn; S -jton

-'dS-, jV3"-

virtuoso

vindictive vin'diktiv

vine vain |vined vaind

ES -g3(r; |-y -i, -gri

ES Vinjad
viniculture 'vinijkAlt/a^; ES -jkAlt/aCr
vinous 'vainas ]-nosity vai'nasati; ES + -'nDSvinegar Viniga';

vintage Vintids

|-s

ES

^vs-,

jvs^-;

virus 'vairas

visa

viruses 'vairasiz

visa V 'viza visas 'vizaz [visaed 'vizad=vise

|

-d

visage 'vizids

|-s

Vintn3(r

visard 'viza-d;

ES

-iz |-d

'vizaz=vise

'viza \pl visas

-iz |-d

-d

'vizad; |-ed -id = vizard

same {Fr

viny 'vaini

vis-a-vis jviza'vl \pl

viol Vaial, vail

Visayan vi'sajan

viola mils, instr. vi'ola, Vaiala {It vib:la)

viscera 'visara \rare sg viscus 'viskas

viola _^ower Vaiala

Viola

name

viscid 'visid

Shak. Vaiala

'vaiala, vai'ola, in

viscidity vi'sidati
|

viscosity vis'kasati;

violate Vaiajet |-d -id ]-tion jvaia'Ie/an

viscount 'vaikaunt

violent Vaialant |-nce -ns |-nces -nsiz

vise vais
vise

violet Vaialit

vise V 'vize

violin jvaia'lin |-ed -d

visibility jviza'bilati

-bn

jvialan't/ehst,
|-llo -lo

viper Vaipa^;

ES

visit 'vizit j-ed -id |-or -a^;

= visa

ES

-a(r

visitant 'vizatant |-itation jviza'tejan

'vaip3(r; |-ous -as, -pras

visor

'vaiza--,

much

less freq. 'viza^;

ES

-za(r;

i-ed -d

vista 'vista

vireo Viri^o

ES

virgate n, adj Vygit, -get;

'v3-,

Vy-

ES Vs-, Vy-; |-d -id

Virgil Vydsal; ES Vads-, V3^d3Virgilia va^'dsiha, vy-; ES va-, V3-,

Vistula 'vist/ula

virgate v 'vyget;

visual 'visual j-ly

-i

visualize 'visual^aiz

vt-;

|-s

-iz |-d -d

vital 'vaitl |-ly -i j-tality vai'talati

-n

vitals 'vait}z

Vydjin; ES V3-, Vy-;

l-ally

= visa

vises 'vizez |viseed 'vized

vision 'vi5an [-ary -^Eri

jvaialan'selist;

{It jvioIon'tjEllo)

virelay Vira^le

|-n

visible 'vizabl |-bly -bli

virago va'rego, vai'rego

virgin

-iz j-d -t

]-s

'vize \pl vises 'vizez

Visigoth 'vizijgaB, -jgoG, -igaO

violinist jvaia'linist

ES+-lDn-;

ES + -'kDS-

j-ess -is j-ess's -isiz

Violenta jvaia'knta

violine, -lin chem. 'vaiSjlin,

viza'vi)

viscose 'viskos viscous 'viskas

violable 'vaialabl |-bly -bli

violoncellist

vitamin

|-ed -d |-al -I

'vaitamin

Ivitamine

'vaita^main,

-nun

-h

Virginia va^'dsinja, esp.

NEngd

-'dsinia;

ES

vitiate 'vi/i^et j-d -id |-iable 'vijiabl

va-; |-n -n

viticulture 'vitijk Alt/a-;

Virgin Islands Vs^dsin'ailandz;

ES

Vsds-,

ES

-jkAltJaCr

vitreous 'vitrias

Vs'ds-

vitrescent vi'tresnt |-nce -ns j-ncy -nsi

virginity va^'dsinati;

ES

va-

Virgo V3"go, gen Vs^dsinis;

virgule Vygjul;

ES Vsg-

vitric 'vitrik

ES

Vs-, Vs"-

vitrify 'vitra^fai j-fied -jfaid

vitriol 'vitrial |-ed -d

'vs'g-

ES + -'d1-

viridescent jvira'desnt |-nce -ns

vitriolic

viridity vaVidati

vituperate vai'tupa^ret, vi-, -'tiu-, -'tju-

virile 'viral, 'vairal |-rility va'rilati, vi-

virtu vs^'tii;

Key:

{It

virulent 'virjalant, 'virulant, 'vira- ]-nce -ns

vineyard Vmja'd;

vintner 'vintna^;

ES

jVs^tXu'oso;

jvirtu'o:so)

ES

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

|-d

-id

vs-, vy-; {It vir'tu:)

See in full 3-47.

Ibath baeO;

jvitn'ahk;

vituperation vaijtupa 're/an, vi-,

'piti

(!

j6)

-,tiu, -itju-

]rate ret |yet jet jsang saeg |angry 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj,

WDtX

(12) Ijaw dsa jgorge gards |go go

Vitus

467

Vitus Vaitas

viva 'long

|-'s

Volpone val'poni, vol-

-iz

Viva

live!'

voyager

Volscian Val/an, Vol-, -/lan

{It Vi:va)

[-s

-z

Volstead Valsted, -stid, Vol-

vivace vi'vatfi {It viVartfe)

vivacious vai'vefas |-vacity -Vaesati

Volsunga Saga Valsuggajsaga, Vol-

vivarium vaiVEnam, -Ver-

volt volt |-age -ids |-ages -idsiz

viva-voce VaivaVosi

|-d

|-s

-z j-ia -la

-d

voltaic val'tC'ik;

Vivian, -en Vivian, -yjan

ES+vol-

Voltaire val'ter, vol-, -'taer;

vivid Vivid

-'taea(r;

ES

-'tEa(r ,

{Fr val'tErr) |-rean, -rian -lan

ES

vivification jvivafa'ke/an

voltameter val'taemata^

vivify Viv3jfai |-fied -jfaid

voltammeter Volt'aemjmita-; ES -jmita(r

viviparous vaiViparas

volte-face Valtjfas, Valta-, Vol- {Fr vblta-

vivisect jviva'sekt 1-ed -id |-section -'sEkfan

Voltemand,

viz. VIZ, vi'delasit

voltmeter Voltjinita^;

vizier

vi'zir,

Vizia^;

'vizja^,

ES Vizad
ES vi'zi3(r.

ES

-Z3(r; |-ed -d, cf visor

Vladivostok jvlaediVastak;

ES+-VDstDk

vocable Vokabl j-bly -bli

Valta^maend, Vol-

ES -jmita(r
ES + ^vol-

volubility jvalja'bilati;

voluble Valjabj;

ES + Vol-;

|-bly -bli

volumeter va'lumata', -'ku-,

ES

-d

|-d

val'ju-, val'ju-;

-ta(r, vol-

volumetric jvalja'mEtrik; ES+jVol-;

vocabulary va'kaebjajkri, vovocal Vokl

-ti-

volume Vcdjara; ES + Vol-;

VizJ3(r, Vizi'3(r

vizor Vaiza^, Viz-;

-'taemata(r. vol-

'fas)

vixen Viksn
vizard arch. var. of visor Vizard;

l-ally -h,

Volumnia va'lAmnia, -nja

vocalize Vokl^aiz

1-s

-iz |-d

voluntary Valan^tEti;

-d

vocation vo'keXan
vocative Vakativ, Vaki-;

|-ius -s |-ius's -siz

ES + Vol-;

|-rily -rail.

esp. if eniph. jvolun'tarily

ES + Vok-

volunteer

vociferate vo'sifaitet |-d -id [-rous -ras

ES

^valan'tir;

voluptuary va'lApt/ujEri |-tuous -tjuas

voice vais

void vaid |-ed -id |-able -abl J-ance -ns

vomit Vanut; ES + H'om-;

voodoo 'vudu |-ed -d

voile vail {Fr vwal)

voracious vo'rejas

volute va'lut, va'liut

-iz |-d -t

vortex VartEks;

volant Volant

-puk

l-ism -jizam

jVolaVyk>

volatility

VdI-

Vala^puk,

ES + Vral-; |-ly
,vala'tilati; ES + ^vnl-

Vaateks;

ES

Vaa-;

-li, -ikli

|-ly -i

ES

va|-'s

-IZ

votaress, -tress Votaris, Votris |-es -iz

vote vot voted Votid

1

votive Votiv

vouch vautj

vole vol ]-d -d

volery Valari;

ES + VdI-

|-es -iz |-ed -t

voucher Vautja^;

ES

Vaut/aCr

Volga Volga, Volga

vouchsafe vautj'sef

volition vo'lijan

vow vau |vowed vaud

volitive Valativ;

volley

-tices
|

votary Votari

ES + jvnlkan-

'oladsi

Volkslied Ger

|-es -iz

Vosges V03 |Vosgian, -gean Vo3ian

volcano val'keno; ES+vnljvalkan'aladsi;

|-ed -id

ES

vortiginous var'tidsanas;

-li

volcanic val'kaenik; ES+vd1-; |-ally

volcanology

|-d -id

-tijsiz

vortical Vartikl;

]-ist -ist

volatile Valatl, -til;

s+

^vol-

-'tia(r,

-'tEa(r

vodka Vadka, Vodka

vogue vog |vogued vogd

Volapiik,

-!

voluminous va'lumanas, va'liu-

|-ly -i

vocalic vo'kaehk

|-s

al

|-

-ikh

|-al -1 |-ally -li

ES + Vol-

'falksjliit \pl -lieder

|-s

-s [-d -t

vowel Vaual, vaul, Vauil

-jlhdar

Vah; ES + Voli; |-ed -d |-ball

ES + Vol-; |-d -d

-,bal

volplane Valjplen;

full ful |tooth tue [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fs'Sa

[using ^juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision

|-ed -d j-Uke -Jaxk

vox vaks, voks [voces Vosiz

voyage Vai-ids, Vajids |-s -iz |-d -d

voyager Vai-idsa', Vajidsa^; ES -a(r
[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

Visan [Eden Hdn

[cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


walkout

468

voyageur
voyageur Fr vwaja'3oe:r

vulgarity VAl'gaerati

vraisemblance Fr vresa'bla:s

vulgarize 'vAlga^raiz

Vriesland 'frizland, -^land

Vulgate 'vAlget,

-iz |-d -d

|-s

-git

Vulcan 'vAlkan |-canian vAl'kenian

vulnerable 'vAlnarabl |-bly -bli

vulcanite 'vAlkan,ait

Vulpecula VAl'pEkjula

vulcanize VAlkan^aiz

[-s

ES + -'d1-

vulcanology jVAlkan'aladgi;
vulgar 'vAlga^;

ES

|-lid -lid

vulpine 'vAlpain

-iz |-d -d

VaUJV; ES

vulture

VAltJaCr

vulva Va1v3

'vAlg3(r; |-ism -jizam

vying ptc of vie

vulgarian vAl'gerian, -'ger-, -'ger-

Vang

W
W, w

'dAb-lju, 'dAblju, 'dAbju \pl W's,

letter

Ws, poss W's

Wabash

'dAb-ljuz, 'dAbljuz, 'dAbjuz

'wobaef

wabble 'wabl, 'wob-

|-d

-d

|-ling

-bho. -bho

|-ful -fal

Wace Eng dean wes. Norm

poet wes, waes,

-fully -fall

wainscot 'wenskat, -^skat, -jskot; ES+'^skot;

W-

wainwright,

Ven^rait

waist west jwaisted 'westid

was

waistband Vest^baend, 'wes-, -band

Waco 'weko
wad wad, wod

waistcloth VestjkbO, -jkloO

|-ded -id

waddle 'wadl, 'wodl

|-d

-d |-Kng

-dlii),

-dlig

wade wed waded 'wedid

Wadsworth 'wadzwa^O, 'wod-; ES -waO
wafer

ES

'wefa^;

'wefaCr;

-d

|-ed

'wefarig, 'wefrig

Vof j,

wafSe wafl,

ES

|-ed -id

'waeftja^, 'waf-, 'waf-;

ES

-t/aCr

ES

'wed33(r; |-ed -d |-ing

waggery 'waegari
waggle Vaegl |-d -d
'waegna', Vagna';

Wake

|-ly -i

Island 'wek 'ailand

wakeless 'weklis
|-ed -d |-ing

wake-robin Hvek^rabin;
|-ling 'waeglirj,

Wagner Eng name

'waegna^,

ES

Vaeglig

Ger musician

-n3(r; {Ger Vaignar)

Wagnerian waeg'nirian, vagwagon 'waegan, 'waegg |-ed -d

Walden

'waldan,

Vekanig, Veknig

ES + -jrDbin

-dm

Waldenses wal'dEnsiz, wdI-

Waldo

'waldo

Waldoboro 'waldajbyo,

-a;

Waldorf 'waldarf; ES -daaf

wagon-lit Fr vago'li

wale wel waled weld

Wagram

Wales welz Wales's 'welziz

Ger Vargram
'wasgjStaef; E+-jstaf, -jStaf

Walhalla wael'haela, vaerhaela

walk wak [walked wakt

Wahabi, Wahh-, -bee wa'habi, waWahr, George war; ES W33(r

waif wef Iwaifed weft

walkaway 'waka^we

-ibar-, -jbAr-,

wagtail Vaegjtel

See in full 3-47.

ES

-iby-

wagonette jwaegan'et

[bath baeO;

ES

Wakefield 'wek^fild
wakeful 'wekfal

waken wekan

'wed33rii), 'wedsrig

Wagstaff

-a(r; |-ress -ris

wake wek \past waked wekt or woke wok

\pptc waked wekt, rarely woken 'wokan

'wofl

wag waeg wagged waegd

wage weds wages 'wedsiz [waged wedsd
wager 'wedsa^;

|-er -a^;

waive wev [waived wevd waiver 'weva^;

-3(r

waft waeft, waft, waft

wafture

Vestjain

wait wet j-ed -id

j-ing

see cloth

waistcoat 'westjkot, 'wes^kot, 'weskat |-ed -id

waistline

Key:

|-ed -id 1-ing -ig

-bh

l-bly -bli,

wail wel wailed weld

wain wen

-iz

|-'s

Waikiki 'wa-ijkikJ

walker,

W-

'waka^;

ES

'waka(r

walkout Hvak,aut

bee bi |pity 'piti (6) [rate ret [yet jet |sang saeg [angry 'aeg^gri
baG (10) |ah a [far far jwatch watj, wotj" (12) [jaw d3a [gorge gards [go go

walkover

warp

469

walkover Vok^ova^;

ES

wanderlust 'wanda^jAst, 'wnn- {Ger 'vandar-

-jOV3(r

walk-up 'wakjAp

Just)

Walkiire, Die Ger di val'ky:r3

wane wen waned wend

Walkyrie

wangle 'waeggl

wael'kiri, vael1

wallaby 'walabi, 'wdI-

Wallace

want want, want, wont; S want, wont, want;

ES

'wala^, 'wnla^, 'wala^;

Vabn-

-3(r

wallet 'walit, Hvolit, 'walit

wapentake 'wapan^tek, 'wop-, 'waep-

-d

wallflower 'wal^fbua^, -jflaur;

ES

-jflau-3(r,

Wallingford 'waligfa^d, 'wol-. Vol-;

ES

-fad

Walloon wa'lun, wd-, wawallow 'wab,

-blig l-bler

-t

Vob, -b |-ed -d |-ing -bwig

ES -jpepaCr

wallpaper 'wal^pepa^;

walnut 'walnat, 'wol-, -^nAt

ES

ware,

'w3lt3(r

lac.

wrongly taken

to

represent 0.

error is established, both In

America

Walworth

'waleanijSto,

Valtam-

ES

'walwa^G;

ES

wer, waer;

weaCr,

ES -waG

warehouse n 'wer^haus,

Mass

ware
warehouse

'waer- |-ses -ziz;

ES

see

'wEr^hauz, 'waer-, -jhaus

|-d -d, -t;

ES

see

|-s

-iz

ware

wareroom 'wEr^rum,

'waer-,

-jrum;

ES

see

ware
'war^fer,

-jfaea(r; |-d

-jfaer;

'waajfEa(r,

ES

-d

The pron.

warison 'waerasn
warlike 'war^laik;

ES
ES

'waa-

wampus 'wampas, Vom-,

warm warm; ES waam;

'wain-

|-es -iz

'wamas, 'worn-, 'warn-

|-es

warm-blooded

'waajak, -Jnk
|-ed -d

'warm'bUdid;

ES

'waam-;

ES

'waam-

('warm-jblooded 'valor)

-IZ

wan wan, won |-ned -d

Wanamaker 'wanajmeka^,
wand wand, wond

waea(r

'waer-;

+ 'waeahaem

warlock 'warjak;

warmhearted
'won-;

wander 'wanda^, 'wnnda^; ES

|-ing -drig, -dang
|full

ES

with e is esp. freq. in the S.

jwampa'noaeg, jwom-

wamm-

'waad^rob

'waer-;

wampum 'wampam, 'wompam, 'wampam

wamus,

|-en -n

-a(r; |-ress -ris |-ship -/ip

warily 'wErali, 'werali, 'waerali

j-es -iz |-ed -t

Wampanoag

W-

warfare

and England.

Walthamstow Engd
Walton 'waltn
waltz waits

ES 'waabatn
ES waad; |-ed -id

'warba^tn;

ward;

Wareham 'wram,

'wdI-

Engd 'waltam, -iGam; Mass

-Gam Waltham ivas at first
'waltjham,
Valtam,
'waldjham,
then
Valtam The h sound was lost long ago, and

Now the

'waabi; |-d -d j-ling -blig.

wardroom 'ward^rum, -^rum; ES 'waad-

Waltham

the letters -th-

W-

ES

-bb; ES -bb(r

wardrobe 'ward^rob;
|-es -iz

Walsh wolf, walj, wdIJ [-'s -iz

Walsingham 'walsioam, 'wal-,

'wDlOaem,

Warburton
ward,

|-er -3^;

'waljpol

walrus 'walras, 'wal-. Vol-

'walta^;

|-red -d

Warbeck 'warbek; ES 'waabek

warble 'warbl;

wallop 'wabp, 'wobp |-ed

Walter

wapiti 'wapati, 'wop-

war war; ES waa(r;

-iflau3(r

Walpole

etc. see want

Wantage 'wantids, 'wnnwanton 'wantan, 'wnntan |-ness -tannis
Wapakoneta ^wapaka'neta, ^wopaWapello wa'pelo, wa-, wd-

wantage 'wantids

Jtain)

|-d

|want to often 'wanta

|-ed -id

'wobVob

Wallenstein 'wabn^stain, 'wnl- {Ger

walleye 'waijai

ES

'won-;

wanness 'wannis, 'wnn-

'walis, 'wdI-, 'wal- |-'s -iz

wallah, -la 'wab, 'wola

WaUer

-d l-Ung 'waegghg, -glig

'wanajineka',

-jmeka(r

Wallachia wa'lekia, wd-

Walla Walla 'wab'wab,

|-d

Wannamaker

wall W3l walled wald

ES -jmeka(r

-da(r; |-ed -d

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

'ha:tid,

'warm'hartid;

E + -'ha:tid

warmth warmpG, warmG; ES waamwarn warn; ES waan; |-ed -d

warp warp; ES waap;

ES

'fstSa

|-ed -t

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'id^ [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

warpath
warpath
|-ths

watermark

470

'wDiipaeO;

ES Voa-, E + -jpa6,

-ipa;

wassail 'wasl, 'wdsI, 'waesl, -el |-ed -d

Wasserman 'wasa^man,

-Sz

warplane Vor^plen;

ES Vaa-

warrant Varant, 'warant, 'wnrant

|-ed -id

warrantee jworan'ti, jWar-, jWor-

warrantor 'waran^tar, 'war-, Vor-;

(jwarran'tee

&

'vas-;

ES

-sa-; (Ger

'vasar^man)

ES

-t33(r;

wast 2 sg of was, stressed 'wast, 'wost, ^wast,

jWDst; unstr. wast
wastage 'westids
waste west

jwarran'tor)

-iz

|-s

|-d -id |-ful -fal

-fully -fah

warranty Varanti, 'war-, 'wor-

wastebasket 'west;baeskit; E+-jbas-, -jbas-

W- 'warm, 'war-, 'wor-, -an

Warrick 'wank, 'wank, 'wnrik see Warwick

wastepaper 'west'pepa^;

warren,

warrior 'waria', 'war-, 'wor-,

-rja^;

ES

-ri-aCr,

ES 'waasa
warship 'war^Jip; ES 'waawarsle 'warsl; ES 'wa:sl; |-d
Warsaw

ES

watchdog 'wat/jdag,
-d

|-ling -slig,

Warton 'wartn; ES 'waatn

Warwick US 'warwik; ES 'waawik;
'wank, 'wank, 'wnrik; Engd
'wank, 'wonk
'warik^/ir,

'war-,

less freq.

'wank,

'wor-, -JV;

-jjia(r, -/aCr

warworn 'war-worn, -jwarn; ES 'waa^woan,

E+-jwaan
wary 'wen, 'wen, 'waeri The pron. with e is

waz;

'waz, ^waz, 'wdz, jWdz; unstr.

jWAz

restressed 'waz,

wash waj", waj, wd/ |-es -iz |-ed -t |-able -abl

washboard 'wa/jbord, 'waJ-, 'wdJ-, -jbard;

ES

-jboad,

E + -ibaad

washed-out 'wa/t'aut,

washed-up 'wa/t'Ap,

'wa/t-, 'wojt-

'wa/t-, 'wo/t- ('washed-

ES

-/a(r; |-man,

-men -man |-woman -jwuman [-women

see

woman

watchtower

watchword 'wat/jwyd,
-/wsd, -jwyd
water

'wata^,

wasn't 'waznt, 'wnznt, 'wAznt, before some

'wat/-;

ES

'wat/-;

ES
The

-ta(r;

the folloii'ing

ES

'wata-

E+-jbaan
waterbuck 'wata^^bAk; ES 'wataWaterbury 'wata-jben, 'wata^ben, -ban; ES
jboan,

'wata-; Loss of

in the second pron. is due

dissimilation {121).

watercourse

'wata^jkors,

jkoas, E-h-jkaas;

|-s

-jkars;

ES

'wata-

-iz

ES

'wata^kraeft,

E+

-jkraft, -jkraft

watercress 'wata^jkres;

Water ee

ES

'wata-; |-es -iz

jwata'ri

Waterloo

ES 'wataES 'wata-

waterfowl 'wata^jfaul;

water-inch 'wata^'int/

|-es -iz

wateriness 'watannis, 'watri-

waterlog 'wata^Jag,
|-ged -d |-gedness
jwata^'lu;

waterman,

W-

-jlag,

-jlog;

ES

'wata-;

-idms

ES

jwata-

'wata^man;

ES

'wata-; [-men

-man
watermark 'waty^mark;
E+-jma:k; |-ed -t

ES

'wata^mark,

bee bi |pity 'piti ( 6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gri
baO (10) [ah a |far far |watch wat/, wot/ (12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

in full 3-47.

ES

'wnta^;

'wata',

-women -jWimin see woman

washy 'wa/i, 'wa/i, 'wd/i

Jbath baee;

'wot/-,

same variants 0/ water occur in

compounds afid derivatives.

waterfall 'wata^^fal;

Key: See

'wot/-,

'wat/jtaua^,

-jtau-a(r

Washington 'wa/iijtan, 'wa/-, 'wufWashita 'waji^ta, 'wdJ*-, 'wa/washrag 'wa/^raeg, 'wa/-, 'wd/washroom 'waX,rum, 'wa/-, 'wdJ"-, -jtum
washstand 'waj^staend, 'wa/-, 'wd/washwoman 'wajjwuman, 'wa/-, 'wn/-

conss. + -zn (it 'wazn gud)

wasp wasp, wasp, WDsp

ES

|-men

'wat/-

'wot/-,

watercraft 'wata^^kraeft;

'waja^, 'waja*-, 'woja^;

-jWinun

|-ly -i

'wat/jineka', 'wot/-, 'wat/-;

watchman 'wat/man,
-man

to

jup 'look)

washer

'wot/-, 'wat/-, -jdog

watchful 'wat/fal, 'wDt/-, 'wat/-

water-borne 'wata^jbom, -jbarn;

esp. freq. in ike S.

stressed

|-es -iz |-ed -t

-;meka(r

waat; |-ed -id

Warwickshire

-'pepa(r

wastrel 'westral

watchmaker

wart wart;

ES

'westa(r

watchcase 'wat/^kes, 'wot/-, 'wat/-

'warsa;

-sliO

was

ES

watch wat/, wnt/, wat/

-rjaCr

ES

waster 'westa^;

watermelon

ES 'wataES Vota-; |-ed -t

'wota-'pruf;
ES 'wDta-;

watermelon Vata'imElan;

waterproof n, v 'wata^jpruf;

waterproof
(

adj

'water jproof 'paint)

ES 'watawatershed 'wata^jjed; ES 'wDtawaterside 'wota^^said; ES 'wDtawater-soak 'wata'jsok; ES 'wota-; |-ed -t

water-soluble 'wDta^jsaljabl; ES 'wot3,sal-.
waterscape 'wDta^jskep;

ES VataES Vata-;

waterspout Vata^jspaut;
'wata^'tait;

('water-

waterway 'wota^jwe; ES 'watawaterwork 'wata^^ws^k; ES 'wata^wsk, 'wata|-s

-s

waterworn 'wata^^wom, -jwam; ES 'watajwoan, E+-jV/aan

watery 'watari, 'watri

Watson 'watsn, 'wotsn

watt, W- wat, wot |-age -idj ]-ages
Watteau wa'to, wn'to {Fr va'to)
watt-hour 'wat'aur, 'wot-;

ES

wattmeter 'wat^mita', 'wot-;

|-'s

weal wil
weald,

W-

E wa(r, ES waea(r; [wore

ES woa(r, E+waa(r; [worn
worn, warn; ES woan, E+waan
Wear Eng riv. wir; ES wia(r; [-mouth -maG
Weare US wer, wasr; E WEa(r, ES waea(r;
Dev, Sow, wir; ES wia(r
wearisome 'wirisam
weary 'win, 'win; S + 'wen;

|-ied -id

'wetJa^;

ES

'w2t5a(r

ES

'wEtJa^bitn

'wetJa'ibord, -^bard;

-jkok

Weatherford

'wEtJa^fa-d;

ES

VetJafad

ES

'weda^jglaes;

'wetiayglfles.

E-i-jglas, -jglas

weatherproof

ES

'wEtia^'pruf;

[waxed waekst

weather-wise 'weSa^jwaiz;

ES

'weSa-

weatherworn 'wEtSa^jWom, -^wam;

waxwing 'waeks^wig
waxwork 'waeks^wyk; ES -jwsk, -^wyk

W- we

-^feraCr,

ES

'weSa-

E+-jWaan
weave wiv [wove wov [woven 'wovan or wove
wov
web web [webbed webd
Weber Am name 'weba-, 'wiba-, Ger name
jwoan,

waybill 'wcjbil |-ed -d

ES

'veba^;

-jfaera(r

-jfaerig;

VetJa-;

('weather-proof 'top)

|-en -n

wayfaring 'we^fErig,

'wetJa-

weather-bound 'weda^^baund; ES 'wEtlaweathercock 'weSa^jkak; ES 'wE^ajkak,

-va(r; |-ed -d j-ing -vrii).

'wCifaera^;

ES

jboad, E+-ibaad; j-ed -id

-jniita(r

-iz

'waeksiz

-ah

war;

weatherglass

wax waeks |waxes

[-ily

wear wer, waer;

weatherboard

-varirj

wayfarer 'we^fera^,

wild

wealth wele [wealthy 'welGi

weather-beaten 'wEtia^jbitn

Waverly 'weva'h; ES 'wevali

way,

weakling 'wikhg

weather

Waukegan wa'kigan
Waukesha 'waki^/a
wave wev |-d -d |-y -i
Wavell 'wevl
waver 'weva^; ES

|-ed -d |-ing 'wikanig, -knig

weak-kneed 'wik'nid ('weak-jkneed 'coward)

weasel 'wizl [-ed -d [-ing 'wizjig, 'wizlig

-idsiz

-tlig, -tliQ

ES

wi

weak wlk
weaken 'wikan

weasand 'wiznd

-'aua(r

wattle 'wall, 'wntl \-d -d j-Hng

Watts wats, wots

stressed 'wi, jwl, occas. ^wi in we're jwir;

tmstr. WI,

wor,

-tight 'joint)

jW3"k;

we

wean win [weaned wind

weapon 'wepan [-ed -d

-jSdI-

watertight

wed

471

weber

S -jfaerig

ES

-ba(r; {Ger 've:bar)

elec. 'veba^, 'wiba^;

ES

-ba(r

Wayland 'weland

webfoot 'webjfut,

waylay

web-footed 'web'futid ('web-^footed 'bird)

jwe'le |-laid -'led ('wayjlaid 'twice)

-'fut [-feet -^fit, -'fit

Wayne wen

Webster, w- 'wEbsta^;

wayside 'we^said

Websterian WEb'stinan

wayward 'wewa^d; ES Vewad

wayworn 'we^worn, -jwarn; ES 'wejWoan,
E + -jwaan

webworm 'wEbjWS'ni; ES -jwsm, -^wym

wed WEd [wedded 'wEdid [wedded 'wEdid
wed wEd

[full

ful jtooth tu8 [further 'fySa^;

ES

'fstJa

ES

'wbsta(r

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredj [keep

or

tai

'em 'kipm


we'd
we'd

Westbourne

472
abbr.

spelling

we

of

we would,

had,

stressed 'wld, jwid, unstr. wid,

'wel'faundid

well-founded

wid

('well-jfounded

'act)

Weddell 'wEdl, wa'delc/ Weddle

wedding 'wedig

well-groomed 'wel'grumd
wellhead 'weljhed

Weddle 'wedl
wedge weds |wedges Vedsiz |wedged wedsd

Wellington 'weliijtan

well-known 'wel'non ('well-jknown

wedge-shaped 'wedsjjept

well-meaning

'fact)

'wel'ininii)

Wedgwood, w- 'weds^wud

well-nigh 'wel'nai ('weU-^nigh 'dead)

wedlock 'wedlak; ES+-jDk

well-read 'wel'red

Wednesday 'wenzdi

well-spoken 'wel'spokan

Monday, Friday

see

wee wi
weed wid weeded 'widid weedy Vidi

wellspring 'weljsprig

Weedon

well-to-do 'welta'du ('well-to-jdo 'farmer)

well-thought-of 'wel'ODtjav, -jDV, -jAv

'widn

week wik [weekday 'wik^de [weekly

week end n 'wik'end

'wikli

week-end adj 'wik'end ('week- 'end

'week-^end

week-end

Welsh wel/, weltj [-man, -men -man

welt welt [welted 'weltid

/party,

Weltanschauung Ger 'veltjan^/au'ug

Wlta^; ES 'weha(r; |-ed -d

welter

'trip)

Weems wimz |Weems's

welterweight 'welta'jwet;

'wimziz

ween win weened wind

weep wip |wept wept

Weltpohtik Ger

weevil 'wivl |-ed -d

Wembley 'wembli
Wemys wimz [-'s -iz
wen wen

weigelia,

weigh

W- wai'dsib, -'gib
W- wai'dsllja, -'gil-,

we

[weighed

Wenceslaus 'wensis^las

-lia

wed

Weimar Ger 'vaimar

weir wir; ES wi3(r, S-t-w3(r; [-ed
weird wird; ES wiad, S + wead
Welch weUJ, weIJ |-'s -iz

-d

were past of be: stressed 'wy, jwy, of. 'wer.

jwy, of.
unstr. W3^;

Weldon 'weldan

-jfeaCr,

ES

-jfaB3(r

weld
will, stressed

'wil.

wa^t;

ES

we

are: stressed 'wir.

-ia(r, -ia(r; unstr.

wir;

ES

wsnt, wynt

ES

'w^^-,

west,

ES

riv. 'veza^;

W-

west

Westbourne

-'fevad

-st, -yt; unstr.

ES

'veza(r; rarely 'wiz-

[-er -3^;

ES

'westbom,

Brit)

-a(r

-barn,

-b3>n;

ES

-boan, -ban, E-^-baan

well-found 'wel'faund
in full 3-47.

ES

^wyt;

Wesley Vesh |-an -an ('wezh is mainly

Wessex 'wesiks, 'weseks [-'s -iz

-'du'3(r

well-favored 'wel'feva'd;

'ws^t,

{Ger Ve:zar)

Wellesley 'welzh

ES

ES wat

Weser Ger
'wel'baan

well-bred 'wel'bred ('well-jbred 'look)

well-doer 'wel'dua^;

'ws',

,waBa(r;

wa(r

werewolf, werw- 'wirjwulf, 'w3^-;

wert stressed

ES

,w3(r,

'waea(r,

'w3-, 'wy-, S-i-'wea-

well-being 'wel'biig

wellborn 'wel'born;

'w3(r,

jwea(r,

wia(r

weren't wynt;

we

Welland 'webnd
wellaway 'web'we

[bath baeG;

ES

'wir, jwir, jWir;

ES

,wil; unstr. wil, wil

Key: See

'wea(r,

we're abbr. spelling of

welkin 'welkin
well wel [welled

ES

jwer, 'waer, ^waer;

welcome 'welkam jwelcomed 'welkamd

weld weld [welded 'weldid

we'll abbr. spelling of

-iz

|-'s

Wei-hai-wei 'we'hai'we

-jfaer;

'welta-

wench went/ [-es -iz [-ed -t

wend wend \past &" pptc wended 'wendid or
went went went is now associated unth go.
went past & pptc of wend 6" go went
wept past of weep wept

weight wet [weighted 'wetid

welfare 'wel^fer,

ES

'veltpolijtirk

Weltschmerz Ger 'veltj/merts

weft wsft |-ed -id

weigela,

[-ing

-tang, -trig

'wik'end |-ed -id

bee bi [pity

baG (10) [ah a

[far

'piti

(6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg |angr>' 'aeg-gri

far [watch wat/,

wot/

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

Westcott
In

473
words below pronounced with hw,

the

Westcott, Wescott 'weskat

westerly,

western,

WW-

'westa^li;

'westa^n;

ES
ES

'wEstak
-tan; |-er -a^;

-most -jmost, -mast

-3(r;

ES

occas. 'wEStana^

Ham

Vest'haem
Westinghouse Vestig;haus

|-'s

ES

-^naaG-

that 'hwiljbaro is occas.

heard from cultivated speakers.

wheel-chair 'hwil'tjEr,

'wEstwa'd;

\past cf pptc
'wEtJa^;

ES

ES -wad; |Ho

wet wEt

-'ho

or wetted 'wEtid

'wEtiaCr

Weybridge 'webnds ]-'s -iz

Weygand Vegand {Fr ve'ga)
Weyman 'waiman
Weymouth 'wemaG
wh
In the vocab. only tlie sound hw is given
for the spelling wh, but it is to be understood
that in all such cases

with plain w.

many

speakers replace

See 25.

Wheeler

'hwila^;

-s |-ves -vz or

|-'s

In NEngd many pronounce w

in wharf who use hw in other words; in
Delmarva the exact reverse has been reported.
-s -s |-ed -t

waaf

is also

common

in the

wharfinger 'hwarf indsa^ ;

ES

ES

'hwila(r

stressed

'hwat,

ES

jhwat,

ES -'Eva(r
ES -'ea(r
whenever hwEn'Eva^, hwan-; ES -'va(r
whensoever ^hwEnso'Eva^; ES -'Eva(r
where hwEr, hwaer; E hwEa(r, ES hwaea(r
whencesoever jhwEns'So'Ev*;
whene'er hwEn'Er, hwan-;

whereabouts 'hwEra^baut,

'hwaer-; S 'hwaer-;

-s

jhwaer-;

|-s

adv

^hwEra'baut,

^hwaer-;

-s

'hwot,

;hwDt,

ES

-'Ea(r

whatever hwat'Eva^, hwot-, hwat-; ES -'va(r

ES

hwEr^Ea(r,

ES

hwEa'faa(r,

ES

hwaeawhere'er hwEr^er, hwaer-;

hwaer-

hwaea-/far;

'hwsa-

S 'hwaea/foa(r

wherefrom hwEr'fram, hwaer-, -'from;

hwEa-, ES hwaeawherein hwEr'in, hwaer-; S hwaer 'in

whereinto hwEr'intu, hwaer-, -tu, /hwErin'tu,

hwaer-; S hwaer 'in-, jhwaerin'tu

'hwot-

ful |tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

hwEa-,

whereby hwEr'bai, hwaer-;

/foa(r, 'hwaea-, -/faair;

'hwAt, /hwAt; unstr. hwat, wat

Whatmough 'hwatmo,

when hwEn |-as hwsn'aez

whence hwEns

wherefore 'hwEr^for, 'hwaer-,

-aav

whate'er hwat'sr, hwot-, hwat-;

[wheezed

whelm hwElm |whelmed hwelmd

whelp hwElp whelped hwElpt

wherefor hwsr'far, hwaer-;

S.

'hwaafmd3a(r

Wharton 'hwartn; ES 'hwaatn

wharve, wa- hwarv, warv;

ES

whereas hwEt'aez, hwaer- ; S hwaerwhereat hwEr'set, hwaer-; S hwaer-

-jbot -bone -jbon

whang hwaeg whanged hwaegd

hwaaf;

-'tjEad,

hwiz jwheezes 'whiziz

hwizd
whelk hwElk |whelked hwElkt

whereabout

whale hwel whaled hweld |-back -jbaak [-boat

ES

wheelhouse 'hwiljhaus |-houses -jhauziz

|-s

whack hwaek whacked hwaekt

wharf hwarf;

-'t/aer;

-'tJaeaCr

wheelman 'hwilman [-men -man

we've abbr. spelling of we have, stressed 'wiv,

iVfiv; unstr. wiv, wiv

|full

show

wheelwright 'hwil^rait

W-

The L.A. and

'hwiljbasro, -ra

other evidence

wheeze

wether

what

wheelbarrow

-va-; |-n -n

wet WEt

hw

-d |-hng 'hwidhg, -dlig

wheelless 'hwilhs

-n

-Ija |-n

|-d

Virginia 'wEstva^'dsinja, less freq. -nia;

westward,

west-southwest 'wEst^sauO'wEst

ES

with plain

wheel hwil wheeled hwild

-jhausiz

west-northwest 'wEstjnarG'wEst;

West

hw

speakers replace

whatnot 'hwat^nat, 'hwot-; ES + -jnDt

whatsoever ^hwatso'Eva^, jhwot-; ES -'Eva(r
wheat hwit [wheaten 'hwitn
wheatear 'hwitjir; ES -jia(r, S+-ja(r
wheedle hwidl

Westminster Vestjininsta^, -'nun-; ES -sta(r

Westmoreland Pa WEst'morland, -'mar-; ES
-'moa-, E+-'maa-; Va 'westma^land; ES
-maWestmorland Engd, Can 'wEstma^land; ES
-maWestphalia wEst'felia,

many

Wheatstone 'hwitstan, -jston

by r-dissiniilation {121)

West

whereinto

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij" [vision 'vi3an [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm


white-livered

474

whereof
In

words below pronounced with hw,

the

many

speakers replace

hw

with plain

whereof hwer'av, hwaer-, -'dv; S hwaer-

whinner 'hwina^; ES 'hwina(r

whereon hwer'an, hwaer-,

whinny 'hwini whinnied 'hwinid

whip hwip whipped iiwipt
whipcord 'hwip^kard; ES -^kaad

-'on is esp. freq. in the

-'on, -'an; S hwjer-;

S and W.

'3(r,

ES

^hwEaso-

whiplash 'hwipjlaej

jhwaea-

E jhwEaso-

wheresoever jhwerso'Eva^, ^hwaer-;

'EV3(r,

ES

hwer'tu,

E hwea-, ES

hwaer-;

hwaea-; ('Whereito 'tends

whippet 'hwipit

ES

'AndaCr,

ES

hwea-,

acct +

hwer-

|-ed -id

^hwerAn-

-tu,

jhwaer-; S hwaer'An-, jhwaerAn'tu

whereupon jhwera'ptui,
S jhwaer-

^hwaer-, -'pnn, -'pan;

E hwer'EvaCr, ES

hwaer-

wherewith hwer'wiO, hwaer-,

-'wi'S;

hwta-,

ES

hwaea-; hwer'wiO has the regular voice-

less

6 of the stressed syllable, while hwEr'wi'S

Similarly

unstressed witJ.

whipstitch 'hwipjStit/ |-ed

whish hwij |whishes 'hwijiz [whished hwijt

whisht intj hwift

'hwea-,

whiskers 'hwiska^z;

^hwaer-;

jhwErwitJ'Dl,

whisper 'hwispa^;
-prig,

ES

whew hwiu, hwju,

whit hwit

xju, xiu,

etc.

|-face -^fes |-faced

'hwispa(r; |-ed -d j-ing

whistle 'hwisl |-d -d |-ling 'hwishg, -slig

whistler,

Whitby

'hjual, 'hiual

whey hwe |wheyed hwed

'hwiskaz

-pang

whist hwist j-ed -id

'i>iu,

ES

|-ed -d

wherry 'hweri |wherried 'hwerid

whet hw8t Iwhetted 'hwetid |-stone -^ston
whether 'hwe'Sa^; ES 'hweSaCr

white,

W-

'hwisla^;

ES

|-ever hwit/'eva^;

whichsoever ^hwit/so'eva';

ES

ES

-'va(r

hwait

|-d -id

ES

white-collar 'hwait'kala^;

whiffle 'hwifl |-d -d j-hng 'hwiflig, -fliQ

IVVhigged hwigd

while hwail

|-d

Whitefield Method, preacher 'hwit^fild, 'hwait-

-z |-lom

-am

|-st -st

-d |-sey, -sy -zi

whimper 'hwimpa^; ES

-pa(r;

|-ed

whitefish 'hwait^fij

-d |-ing

Whitehall

|-ly -i,

See in full 3-47.

'hwait'hal

ES

-,fraiaz

('White.hall

'Palace),

surname 'hwait^hal
-ikh

whin hwin
whine hwain |whined hwaind

|bath baeO;

j-es -iz

Whitefriars 'hwait^frairz;

-pang, -prig
whimsical 'hwimzikl

-'kala(r, -'knl-;

white-faced 'hwait'fest ('white-jfaced 'cow)

Whig hwig

whim hwim |-med

ES

('white-'coUar ,man, 'white-,collar 'job)

whiffletree 'hwifljtri, -tri

|-s

-jbiad

whitecap 'hwaitjkaep [-capped -^kaept

Whitechapel 'hwaitjt/aepl

-'EV3(r

whiff hwif whiffed hwift

-d

-la(r

'hwitbi

W-

whitebeard 'hwaitjbird;

-jfest

which hwitj

[-ring

ES 'hwsrig, 'hwywhirl hw3^I; ES hwal, hwyl; |-ed -d

whirligig 'hw^h^gig; ES 'hwal-, 'hwylwhirlpool 'hwyljpul; ES 'hwsl-, 'hwylwhirlwind 'hws^ljWmd; ES 'hwsl-, 'hwyl-

jhwaea-

^ju,

-t

whipstock 'hwipjstak, -^stnk

whir hwy; ES hw3(r, hwy; |-red -d

whiskey 'hwiski
adv

ES

-^sad

'hwaea-

jhwE3-,

whipsaw 'hwipjsa |-sawed

whisk hwisk whisked hwiskt

herewith, therewith,

wherewithal n 'hwerwiSpl, 'hwaer- ;

wherewithal

^hwipa'wil

'hwyig;

wherever hwer'sva^, hwaer-;

older

ES

jhwipa^'wil;

'whippoor jwill

whipsocket 'hwip^sakit; ES+-;SDkit

hwaer-

whereunto hwer'Antu, hwaer-,

imitates

whippoorwill

all^this?)

whereunder hwsr'Anda', hwaer-;

Key:

'hwipa-

whippletree 'hwipl^tri, -tn

whereto

Whewell

ES

jsnaepa(r

hwaea-

ES

j-es -iz |-ed -t

whippersnapper 'hwipa^^snaepa^;

jhwaea-

wheretlirough hwEr'Gru, hwaer-;

'tu,

wheresoe'er jhwerso'er, jhwasr-;

white-hot 'hwait'hat; ES-h-'hot

white-livered 'hwait'hva^d;

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

white-headed 'hwait'hedid

|far far

'piti (6)

ES

-'hvad

|rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg jangrj' 'aeg-gri

|watch wat/, wot/ (12) |jaw dsa |gorge gards |go go


whiten
In

wight

475
the

words below pronounced with hw, ma?iy speakers replace

whiten 'hwaitn

|-ed -d j-ing 'hwaitnig, -tnirj

whitesmith 'hwait^snuO

hw

-iz

|-es

ES

whoreson 'horsn, 'harsn;

whither 'hwiSa^;

ES

E+

'hoasn,

ES

jhwi'Saso-

'ev3(r

ES

whitherward 'hwi'Sa'wa^d;

'hwi'53wad

whose huz, unstressed

whoso 'huso

occas.

whosoever ^huso'Eva^;

ES

why

whiting, VV- 'hwaitig

whitlow 'hwitlo

hwai;

interrog

expletive wai,

Whitman 'hwitman
Whitmonday 'hwit'mAndi

Wichita

intj

huz

-'ev3(r

hwai, wai; unstressed

hwai

'wit/a^ta

wick wik wicked 'having wick{sy wikt

wicked 'eviV 'wikid
wicker 'wika^;

ES

wickerwork

'\\ik3'^w3"k;

'wik3(r; |-ed -d

ES

'wika^wak,

'wik3jW3^k

wicket 'wikit |wicketed 'wikitid

Wickham 'wikam

'hwiti'3(r

Whittington 'hwitigtan

wickiup, wik- 'wiki^Ap

whittle 'hwitl |-d -d |-hng 'hwitlig, -tlig

Wiclif,

hwiz Iwhizzes 'hwiziz |whizzed

Wy-, Wickliffe,
wicopy 'wikapi

Wy-

'wiklrf

Widdicombe 'widikam

hwizd

who interrog hu
who rel partly stressed jhu, unstr. hu
whoa hwo, wo, ho; unstressed hu:
whoe'er hu'er, hu'er; ES -'3(r
whoever hu'eva^, hu'eva^; ES -'8V9(r
whole hoi, hul; NEngd+MiX {46)
wholehearted ^hol'hartid;

ES

wide waid

|-n

-n |-ned -nd |-ning -nig, -nig

wide-angle adj 'waid'aeggl ('\yide-jangle

widespread 'waid'spred
widgeon, wig- 'widsan

-'ha:tid,

E+

widow

'wido, -3 |-ed -d

widower 'widawa^; ES 'widawacr;

whole-or-none 'hola^'nAn;

ES

wholesale 'hoI,sel

width wide, wite

wield wild [melded 'wildid

whole-souled 'horsold ('whole- jsouled 'friend)

'holh;

if eniph.

|-ered -d

widowhood 'wido^hud, 'wida-

'hola'nAn

wholesome 'holsam
wholly 'hoh, esp.

'lens)

wide-awake 'waida'wek
wide-open 'waid'opan, -'opm

-'ha:tid

NEngd+

|-ths -Gs

Wienerwurst 'wina^jwyst, 'wini-;

ES

'wina-

jW3st, 'wini-, -jwyst

wife waif [wife's waifs, waivz {in Shak. wives

'hbh
unstressed occas.

whoop hup, hwup |-ed -t

whoopee n 'hwupi, 'hwupi,

hum

waivz)

\pl

wives waivz

waivz for wife's

'hu-, 'hu-; intj-\-

'whoo'pee

The pronunciation

is not the plural, hut

tlte

older possessive singular.

wifely 'waifh

whooping-cough 'hupig^kaf, 'hupig-, -jknf

whop hwap, hwop |-per -a^; ES -9(r

wig wig Iwigged wigd

whore hor, har; ES ho3(r, E+h33(r; |-dom

wiggle 'wigl

-dam
whoremaster

'hwatl-,

Whitmore ^hwitmor, -mar; ES -mo3(r,

E + -m33(r
Whitney 'hwitni
Whitsun 'hwitsn j-tide -^taid
Whitsunday 'hwit'sAndi, 'hwitsn^de

whom hum,

ES

'hwytl-

'hwitJaCr

ES

hwsl, hws^l

whortleberry 'hwytljberi, -ban;

whithersoever ^hwitJa'so'Eva';

Whittier 'hwiti;

ES

whorl hwyl;

'h wait wig

whitewood 'hwaitiWud

whi tewing

Wigan 'wigan
|-d

wiggler 'wigla';
'hor^maesta',

'hor-;

ES

jmasst3(r, E-f-'haa-, -^mas-, -^mas|full

'hoa-

'hoasn

l-ed -t

-zz

ES

'hor-;

jmAgg3(r, E-)-'h39-

|-ths -6s

whitewash ^hwaitjwaf, -jWaf, -jwof

whiz,

with plain

whoremonger 'hor^mAgga',

ful [tooth tu8 [further 'fytSa';

ES

'hoa-

-d

ES

|-ling

'wighg, 'wiglig

'wigb(r

wiggly 'wigh, 'wigli

wight,

W-

wait

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toj^ toi

'em 'kipm

Wigton
Wigton Vigtan Wigtown Vigtan, -jtaun

willy-nilly Vili'mli

Wigtownshire Vigitaun^Jir,

ES

-Ja^;

-;Xi3(r,

wigwag Vigjwaeg [wigwagged Vigjwaegd

wigwam Vigwam, -wom, -worn

Wilberforce

'wilba^^fors,

-^fars;

ES

'wilba-

E + -jfo3S
'wil-

bnam
wild,

-IZ

It

aux

V stressed

ES

jwilt; unstr. wait, alt.

Wilton 'wiltn

Vilb3(r

Wilts short for Wiltshire vnlts

waild

wildcat 'waildjkaet, Vailjkaet |-ed -id

Wiltshire Vilt-Jir,

wildebeest Vildg^bist

wily Vaili

W-

wilder,

Wit,

(tJault si)

wilt V wilt Iwilted 'wiltid

'wilba^;

W-

|-'s

Wilson 'wilsn
wilt

Wilbraham Mass Vilbra^haem, Engd

Wilbur

Willys Vilis

Wilmcote 'wigkat, 'wimkat

Wilmington 'wilmigtan
Wilno 'vilna = ViIna

-/3(r

jfoas,

winding

476

ES 'waild3(r
ES 'wildaCr; |-ed

wimble 'wirabl

Vailda^;

wilder v 'wilda^;

-d |-ing

'wildarig, -drig

wildfire,

ES Vildanis;
W- 'waild^fair; ES -jfai3(r

wilding,

W-

wilderness 'wilda^nis;

|-es -iz

|-d

-/a-;

ES

-Jia(r, -Jafr

-d |-hng 'wimblig, -blig

Wimbledon Vimbldan
Wimborne Vimborn, -bam,
'wimboan, -ban, E + -baan
wimple 'wimpl

|-d

-d

|-ling

ES

-ba^n;

'wimplig, -plig

wile wail wiled waild

Wimpole 'wimpol
win win |won WAn
Winant Vainant

Wilfred 'wilfrid, -frad

wince wins winces 'winsiz [winced winst

Wilhelmina jWilhEl'mina

winch

Vaildig

wildwood 'waildjwud
|

Wilkes wilks

ES

Wilkinsburg Hvilkinz^bs-g;

Winchester

-jbsg, -jbs'g

Wilkinson 'wilkinsn
will

aux

\villed

wild

V stressed 'wil, jWil; unstr.

some

after

conss.

winches

Hvintjiz

wal

I'll

al,

('ndl go), after vowels

\,

'win^tjesta',

Wnt/ista^;

or rarely

Willamette wi'Iaemit

ES

see

winded 'waindid, 'windid

waind [wound waund

William 'wiljam

|-s

'e^ffect

-z |-s's -ziz |-son -sn

wind-borne

ES

-/boan,

Williamsburg Viljamzjbyg;

-jbag, -ibyg

'wind^born,

'win-,

windbreak 'wind^brek, 'win-

willing 'wilig

winder 'wainda', 'winda^,

'

Wilis

|-'s

wind;

-iz

ViUis

windfall,

Willoughby 'wilabi

W-

'wilo,

Vila

willowware ^wilojwer,

ES

|-y

-jbarn;

ES

ace.

to

sense

see

-da(r

W-

'winda^jinir;

ES

'winda^miaCr

'wind^fal, 'win-

Windham 'windam,

Vilawi

-la-, -^waer;

-jWEa(r,

loc.

EC

in FZ + 'windhaeni,

'windaem
winding 'waindig, '>vindig,

-jwaea(r

W-

Key:

See in full 3-47.

bee bi [pity

ba6 (10) [ah a

aa:,.

to

sense

sec

wind

'will Iwillied 'wilid

-an

-jflau-a(r, -/flaua(r

willy,

|bath bae6;

[-gery

windfiower 'wind^flaua', 'wm-, -jflaur;

will-o'-the-wisp jWilatSa'wisp

willow,

ES

Windermere

Willkie 'wilki
will-less

E + -ibaan

Willimantic jWila'raantik

Willis

sense

of air' 'windids

windbag 'wind^baeg, 'win- j-ged -d

wind-blown 'windjblon, 'win-

willful, wilf- 'wilfal |-ly -i

to

wind

windage

Hvilad

Willesden 'wilzdan

-ta(r

V 'twist'

windable 'waindabl, 'wind-, accord,

Willa 'wila

ES

wind n wind, older and poet, waind

wind Ho exhaust' wind [winded Svindid
wind 'blow horn' waind, wind [wound waund

wind

al (wil go, 'Seal go)

Willard 'wilsrd;

[winched

Winchelsea Wnt/alsi

Wilkes-Barre Vilksjbaeri

will trans v wil

wmt/t

-iz

|-'s

wintj

[far

'piti

(6) [rate ret [yet Jt [sang saeg [angn*' 'jeg-gri

far [watch wat/,

wotj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

windjammer
windjammer

477
'wmd^dsaema^,

ES

'win-;

witchcraft
wintry 'wintn, 'wintari

wipe waip wiped waipt

-jd5aem3(r

windlass 'windbs windlasses 'windlasiz

wirable 'wairabl

ES

windmill 'win^mil, 'wind-

wire wair;

window 'windo, -da |-ed -d |-ing 'windawig

windowpane 'wmdo^pen, -da-

wiredancer 'wair jdaensa^ ;

windpipe 'windjpaip, 'win-

wiredraw 'wair^dra;

windrow

ES

'waiajdaensa(r.

E+-jdans-, -^dans-

ES

.'waia-; |-drew -jdru,

-jdnu -drawn -jdran

'win^ro, 'wind^ro

wind-shaken 'windy/ekan, 'wm-

ES

Windsor 'winza^; ES 'winza(r

windstorm 'wind^starm, 'win-;

-jStaam

ES

'waiajheaCr,

-/haea(r

wire-haired 'wair'herd, -'haerd;

ES

-'haead;

'waia'head.

'pup,

('wire-chaired

'wire-

haired one)

wind-swept 'wind-swept, 'win-

wind tight 'wind'tait, 'win- ('wind^tight 'wall)

windup 'waindjAp
windward, W- 'windward; ES 'windwad
windy 'windi, 'waindi, ace. to sense see wind
wine wain wined waind

ES

wirehair w 'wair^her, -jhasr;

windshield 'windjild, 'win-

winebibber 'wam^biba^;

waia(r; |-ed -d

-jbiba(r

wineglass 'wam^glaes; E+-igIas, -jglas;

|-ful

wireless 'wairbs;

ES

'waialis; |-es -iz |-ed -t

ES 'waiaES 'waia^spAn
wirework 'wair^wyk; ES 'waia^wak, -^wyk
wireworm 'wair^ws^m; ES 'waia^wsm, 'waiajwym
wirepulling 'wair^pukg;

wirespun 'wair^spAn;

wiring 'wairig
wirra 'wira

-,ful

ES

winegrower 'wain^gros';

wiry 'wain

-jgro-aCr

winery 'wainari

wis V erron.from iwis adv wis

Winesap 'wain^saep

wis V erron. pres of wit v wis

|-ses -iz [-sed -t

wineskin 'wain^skin

Wisconsin wis'kansn; ES+-'kDn-

Winfred 'winfrid, -frad

wisdom 'wizdam

wing wig winged wirjd

winged adj wiijd, 'wigid

wise n, adj waiz

wise V waiz

\adv -ly -idh

wing-footed 'wig'futid ('wing-/ooted 'Time)

wingspread 'wig^spred
wing- weary 'wig^wiri,
wingy 'wigi

wiseacre

|-s

-iz |-d -d

'waizjcka*-,

'waizaka^;

ES

-jeka(r.

-aka(r
-jwiri;

S+-jWEri

wisecrack 'waiz^krask |-ed

-t

Winifred 'winafrid, -frad

wish wif [wishes 'wi/iz [wished wift |-edly

-idb

wink wigk winked wiijkt

wishbone 'wifjbon

winkle,

W-

'wigkl

|-d

-d [-Hng 'wigklig, -klig

Winnebago ^wina'bego
Winnepesaukee ^winapa'saki
Winnipeg 'wina,pg
winnow 'wino, -a |-ed -d |-ing 'winawig
winsome 'winsam
Winsted 'winsted, -stid
winter,

W-

'winta^;

ES

'winta(r; |-ed -d |-ing

'wintang, 'wintrig

Winterbourne

ES

'wintajboan, -jbuan,

-jbarn,

-^bum;

E + -ib3an

ES

b' past of v wit wist

wistaria,
wisteria,

W- wis'teria,
W- wis'tiria

-'teria

wistful 'wistfal |-ly -i

ES 'winta-; |-ed
'winta'jtaid; ES 'winta-

[tooth tuG [further 'fySa^;

\past &" pptc wist

wot wat, wnt

wist \pres ptc witting

'witig

-d

n wit

witan

hist,

ii

pi

Wtan

witch witj Iwitches 'wit/iz [witched witjt

Winthrop 'winOrap
[full fi/1

wisp wisp |wisped wispt

wist

wit

'winta-

winterkill 'winta^jkil;

wintertide

|-ly -i

wish-wash 'wi/jwa/, -jwa/, -iWof

wishy-washy 'wiji^wa/i, -jwafi, -jWdJi

wit arch, v: inf wit \pres sg, pi

'winta^jborn,

wintergreen 'winta^jgrin;

wishful 'wiffal

witchcraft 'witjjkraeft; E-i--,kraft, -^kraft

ES

'fstJa

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how hau [toy

tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm


witchery

wont

478

Woburn Mass Voba^n, Vuba^n; ES

witchery ^witjan

London

Beds 'wuWodehouse 'wud^haus, -das

witching 'wit/ig

witenagemot,
with prep

-te hist,

wi'S,

n 'witanaga^mot

The

wi6

choice between witJ

and wiG may depend partly on phonetic conbut there is no consistent general

ditions,

wiO

practice.

is clearly

not substandard.

with 'binder^ wi6, witi = withe

withs

\pl

-ban;

'wo-,

|-'s

-iz

Woden, -an 'wodn

woe wo |-ful -fal [-fully -fall
woebegone 'wobi^gan, -jgon
woke wok [woken 'wokan; \NEngd+yf'6'k

-6s,

{46)

Woking 'wokig

-3z
withal adv, prep wi'Sbl, wiObI

Wolcot(t) 'wulkat

Witham Essex 'witam {OE wit-ham); riv.

VitJain {OE wiSma) surnames Vi?5-, 'wiO-

wold wold
wolf wulf [wolf's wulfs, -vz [wolves wolvz
Wolfe wulf [WoKe's wulfs
wolfhound 'wulfjhaund

withdraw
1

witJ'dra, wiO- |-drew -'dru, -'driu

-drawn -'dr3n

withdrawal wiS'drDal, wiO-,

wolfish 'wulfij, 'wulvij

-'drol

W-

withdrew witJ'dru, wiO-, -'driu

wolfram,

withe

wiG, witi [withes waitiz.

wolframite 'wulfraoijait

ViS3(r;

Wollstonecraft

'bi}zder' waitS,

Wollaston 'wulastn

wiBs, witiz

wither

ES

'wiSa^;

-d

|-ed

|-ing

'wiSriij, 'wiSarig

withers,

W-

'wiSa^z;

ES

'wi'Saz;

|-'s

&

Wolseley 'wulzh

-iz

pptc -held

-'h2ld \arch. pptc -holden -'holdan

Wolsey 'wulzi
wolverine, -ene jwulva'rin

wolves wulvz

within witi'm, wiO'in

withindoors

wiG-,

wi'S'iiijdorz,

-jdorz;

ES

woman 'wuman, 'wuman [women

The

E + -jd33Z

without wi'S'aut, wiO-

ES

E + -jd33z

withstand wiB'staend, witS- |-stood -^stud

withy

ViOi

'witii,

witless 'witlis [witling 'witlig

witness Vitnis

|-es -iz |-ed -t

Wittenberg 'witn^byg;

ES -^3g,

-jbyg; (Ger

Vitan^bErk)
witticism 'witajSizam
witting Nvitig

witty 'witi [wittily 'with,

wyv-

'waiva'n;

wizen

'wizn

ES

'wizad; [-ry

[wizened

of

Viznd

See in full 3^7.

[bath baeO;

are re-

[-ing -drig,

W-

ES 'wAndaES 'wAndawonder-struck 'wAnda^^strAk; ES 'wAndawonderwork 'wAnda^jW3^k; ES 'wAndajWsk,

'wAnda^Jaend;

wonder-stricken 'wAnda^^strikan;

-ri

[-ing

-znig.

woe wo

wobble 'wabi, Vobl |-d -d

l-ly -bli, -bh
wobegone 'wobi^gan, -igtm

Key:

'wimin, -an

'wAman

-ful -fal [-fully -fall, -fli

wonderland,

ES Vaivan

-znig

wo intj or var.
woad wod

&"

women 'wimin, -an [-folk -jfok

won past &= pptc of win wau
won Korean coin wan, Avnn
wonder 'wAnda*; ES -da(r; [-ed -d
-dang

wives, wives' waivz

wizard 'wizard;

'woman

womanhood 'wumanjhud, 'wumanwomankind 'wuman'kamd, 'wum-, -jkaind

womanlike 'wumanjaik, 'wum- [-manly
-manh
womb wum [wombed wumd
wombat 'wambaet, 'wombaet

Whli

wive waiv [wived waivd

wivern,

prons.

ported- as occas., esp. in the S.

withoutdoors wiS'autjdorz, wi0-, -jdorz;

-jdoaz,

E+-ikraft,

'wulstan^kraeft;

-,kraft

withhold wiO'hold, witS- \past

-,d03Z,

'wulfram {Ger 'valfram)

[-ling -blig, -blig

-iWyk
wondrous 'wAndras
wont 'custom,' 'accustomed' WAnt, wont, less
To many
freq. want, want, wont [-ed -id
wont is not vernacular, &" hence is subject to
spelling pron., &' perhaps to the infl-uence of

won't.

bee bi [pity

bad (10) [ah a

[far

'piti (6)

[rate ret [yet jet [sahg saeg [angr\' 'aeg-gri

far [watch wat/,

wntj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gardj [go go

worth

479

won't
won't wont, wAnt, much

woo wu wooed wud

wood wud |-bin -jbin

wunt

less freq.

-ttfxk |-cock -jkak;

|-bine -^bain |-chuck

ES+-jkDk

Woodbury Vudjbri, -ban

woodcraft 'wudjkraeft; E+-jkraft, -jkraft

woodcut 'wudjkAt
wooden Vudn |-head -jhd |-ness 'wudnnis
woodenheaded Vudn^hedid (Vooden^headed
'boy)

woodenware 'wudnjwer,

-jwaer;

E -iweacr, ES

Wordsworth Vydzwa^O;
ES 'wsdzwaG,
'wydzwaG
Wordsworthian wydz'wyOian, -tfian, -jan;
ES wadz'ws-, wydz'wywore wor, war; ES woa(r, E+waa(r
work wyk; ES wsk, wyk; j-ed -t or wrought
rat

workaday Vyka^de; ES 'wak-, 'wykworkbag Vs^k^baeg; ES 'wak-, 'wykworkbench Vyk^bentJ; ES 'wsk-, Vyk-;
I-es -IZ

workday 'wyk^de; ES Vsk-, Vyk-

-jwae3(r

woodland n Vudjaend, -land; adj Vudland

woodlander Vudland*; ES -landaCr

W- 'wudman

woodman,

workhouse

ES

'wyk^haus;

Vs^k-;

'wsk-,

|-ses -ziz

-man

workingman Vykig^maen; ES 'wsk-, 'wyk-;

-ipekaCr

workman 'wykman; ES 'wsk-, 'wyk-; |-men

-man -manlike -man^laik |-manship -man-

|-men

|-men -^men

wood-note 'wud^not

woodpecker 'wudjp8k3^;
Woodrow 'wudro

ES

Woodruff 'wudraf, Vudruf

woodsman Vudzman |-men -man

Woodstock 'wudjstak; ES+-jStDk
woodsy 'wudzi
woodward 'forester' 'wud^ward, -wa'd; ES
-jwaad, -wad
woodward adv Vudwa-d; ES Vudwad; |-s -z
Woodward Vudwa^d, 'wuda'd; ES 'wudwad,
'wudad
wood-wind 'wudjWind
woodwork 'wud^wyk; ES 'wudjwak, -jwyk;
|-er -3^;

ES

-a(r

woody 'wudi
wooer 'wua';

ES

woolfell 'wulifel

woolgathering Vuligae'Srig,

ES

W- 'wuljsaek
W- Vulzi

ES

The first

ES

'wusta(r;

Worcester

-iz

ES

wsld, wyld; l-hng -hi)

ES 'wsld-, 'wy IdES 'wsld-, 'wyld-

worldly-wise 'wyldli'waiz;

world-wide 'ws^ld'waid;

worm W3"m; ES wsm, wym

worm-eaten 'wymjitn; ES 'wsm-, Vs^mwormhole 'wym^hol; ES 'wsm-, 'ws^m-;

Worms wymz; ES wsmz, wymz; {Ger varms)

wormseed 'wym^sid; ES 'wsm-, 'ws^mwormwood 'wym^wud; ES 'wsm-, 'ws^mworn worn, warn; ES woan, E+woan; |-ness
'worn'aut,

'warn-;

ES

'woan-,

('worn- put 'shoes)

worst wyst;

'usta'

ivas lost by the 16c.

|-ed -id

-ibuk
ful |tooth tu0 [further 'fs'Sa^;

|-ening -nig, -nig

worship 'wy/ap;

-shire -//ir,

+ ^vst3{r,

word wyd; ES wsd, w^d;

]full

world wyld;

worry 'wyi; ES 'wsri, 'wAri, 'wyi; |-ied -d

worse WTs; ES wss, w^s; |-en -n j-ened -nd

-;Xia(r, -Ja(r; loc.

r in

'wsk-,

-women -jWimin, -an

E + 'waan-;

Woolwich Engd 'wulids, Vuhtf j-'s

Wooster Vusta^; ES 'wusta(r
Wootton, Wooton, Wotton 'wutn
-JV;

worn-out

woolsack,

Worcester Vusta^;

'w3"k-;

-lUS

-jgas'Sarii)

-;gro'a(r

woolpack 'wuljpaek
woolsey,

workwoman 'ws^k^wuman, -jwum-; ES

l-d-d

'wu-aCr

woof n wuf; intj Vuf

wool wul Iwoolen Vulin, -an [woolly Vuli
Woolf wuif

woolgrower 'wul,gro3';

workout 'wykjaut; ES 'wsk-, 'wykworkpeople 'wyk^pipl; ES 'wsk-, 'w^kworkshop 'wykyj"ap; ES 'wsk-, 'wyk-, -/Xop
worktable 'wykjtebl; ES 'wsk-, 'wyk-

ES

|-book

ES

ES

'wsjap, 'wy/-; |-ped

-t

wsst, ws^st; j-ed -id

Worstead 'wustid
worsted

yarn

'wusfid

ES Vss-, 'wysES wst, ws^t

worth wy6; ES ws6, ws^O; |-thy -tJi

worsted

''beaten' 'ws'stid;

wort ws't;

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish di/ [vision 'visan [Eden

'id](i

hau

[cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

worth-while
worth-while VyO'hwail;

wot pres

of v wit wat,

ES V38-,

stressed Hvud,

Vs^O-

W- rait

wright,

wot

wring rig [wrung rAg

Wotton 'wutn. Vat-, Vot-,

would

xanthous

480

cf

Wootton

wrinkle 'ngkl

jwud; unstr. wad, ad, d

wouldest 'wudist

wrinkly

wouldn't Vudnt, before some com^^. + Vudn

Wriothesley

('wudn du)

'wudant

pron.

Tlie

Votsh, cf Wrottesley

'ratsli,

wristlet 'nstbt, 'risbt

wristlock Vistjak;

wadst, sdst, dst

wound 'hurt' wund, less freq. waund

wound past of wind waund
wove wov [woven 'wovan

writ

j-ed -id

ES+'Jok

rit

write rait [wrote rot, arch, writ

Vitn, arch, writ

wow wau

rit,

nt

[written

wrote rot

write-up Vait,Ap

wrack raek wracked

|

wraith reO

writhe raiS [writhed rai'5d

raekt

written pptc of write 'ritn

|-ths -6s

VVrangel Russia

[-d

wrangler

wrangles'

'wlio

-d |-ling

wrong

Alas Vaeggl

'raeijgl ]-ell

wrangle 'raeggl

'raeijglii),

'raeggla^,

-gja^;

rag, rug; S-i-rag;

ES

[-doer -'dua-;

ES

acd + 'wrong'doer, 'wrong,doer

-'dua(r;

-glig

wrongheaded 'rag'hedid,

'rog-, S

4-

'rag-

wrote rot

-a(r

wrangler 'honors man'

'raeggls';

ES

wrastle 'raesl |-d -d [-ling Vaeslig,

'raesl is not

wroth

'raeggbcr

wrought

a mispronunciation 0/ wrestle, hut

Wulfila 'wulfxla = Ulfilas

[wreaths riSz, -6s [-ed

ritJ j-s

VVreay Engd re,

wreck rek

W-

WuKstan

-t

-z [-d -d
loc.

ES

'wstam^bsg,

Wuthering 'wA'Sarig
Wyandot, -tte 'waian^dat; ES+-,diot

ren
[-ed -t

Wyatt

'waiat

Wycherley

wrest rest [wrested 'restid

wrestle Vesl [-d -d [-ling Veslig, 'reslig

'witja^h;

ES

'witjab

WicKf 'wikbf
Wycombe 'wikam
wye, W- wai
Wykeham 'wikam
Wycliffe,

cf

wrastle
'retjiz

wretched Vet/id

Wyoming

wriggle Vigl [-d -d [-ling 'righg, 'riglig

ES

'w3btsa(r, 'wy-

'wytanijba^g; {Ger 'vyrtam,brk)

[-ed -t [-age -ids [-ages -itisiz

'rigla^;

ES

Wiirtemberg 'wytam,byg;

wrench rentj [wrenches Vent/iz

VVrentham ^EnOam, VentGam

wriggler

'wulfstan, -staen, -stan

Wurlitzer 'wyhtsa^;

na

wretch retj [wretches

-'ai-an

wrung rAg
wry rai [-neck Vai^nek

rik [wreaked rikt

wreathe

ES

wrought-up Vat^Ap ('wrought-jup 'temper)

{Brit rae, roe)

ri6

rat

wrought-iron adj Vat'aia^n;

Chauc, Shak., 1611 Bible, and still current.

wrath ricG; E+ra6, raO; |-ful -fal [-fully -fab

wreath n

rnO

ra6,

Wrottesley 'ratsh, 'mtsli

'raesliij

represents the original form wrsistle, found in

wren,

'rigkli

wristband 'ristjbaend, 'nzband

siandai'd.

wouldst, -d'st stressed Hvudst, ^wudst; imstr.

wreak

-d [-ling 'ngkhg, -klig

wrist rist jwristed 'ristid

sub-

is

[-d

wrinkleless 'rigkllis

wyvern

'rigla(r

-clif,

[-ite -^ait

wai'omig, Vaiamig

'waiva^n;

ES

'waivan

X
X, X

letter

Xanadu

Key:

eks

\pl

X's, Xs, pass X's 'eksiz

See in full 317.

[bath bae6;

Xanthippe,

-ti- zaen'tipi

xanthous 'zaenGas

'zaena.du

bee bi [pity

ba6 (10) [ah a

[far

'piti

(6) [rate ret [yet jet [sang saeg [angry 'aeg-gri

far [watch watj, wotj" (12) [jaw d^o [gorge gards [go go

481

Xavier
Xavier

'zaevia', 'zev-, -ja^;

ES

yeast

Xenia Ohio

'zyk-

'zsk-,

Xerxes' -ksiz, -kziz

I

Vinia

'zinja,

Xenocrates za'nakra^tiz;

{Gk ksi)

xi sai, zai

ES + -'nDk-;

Xmas

-iz

j-'s

XP

xenomania jZEna'tnenia, -nja

Xenophanes za'ttafajniz; ES+-'nDf-;
xenophobia jzena'fobia, -bja

Xenophon

ES

Xerxes 'zyksiz, 'zykziz;

-vi'3(r, -vjafr

xebec 'zibEk

'zenafan

|-es -iz

'kai'ro

X-ray 'eksVe

-iz

|-'s

'krismas

|-ed -d ('X-jray 'picture)

E + -jgraf,

xylograph

'zaila^grajf;

xylophone

'zaila^fon, 'zil-

-igraf

Y
Y, y

letter

wax

-i

(glory, glories,

The sound

or

-i,

of ns, adjs, & advs

money, icy, fully

America from

-i is

N&

E,

The

as a whole

-i

hilt

toward

Macy's

'stesiz

variant is commonest in

-i

In America

rare in the S.

appears

As

to prevail.

it is

not

feasible in the vocabulary to give both variants

-I &"

-ifor

tlte

mimerous words in

he understood that, though only

many

very

speakers use

approaching

tlte

-y, it

must

-i is given,

higher vowel

The ending -y

-i.

is

often

omitted from the vocab.

ES+jnt; 1-ed -id |-sman -sman

|-smen -sman
Yadkin 'jaedkin
Yahoo, y- 'jahu, 'jehu, ja'hu
Yahweh, -we 'jawe |-wism -wizam |-wist

yacht

jat;

jaek

Yakutsk ja'kutsk,

ja-

jaer;

ES jam, E+ja:n;

yarovize 'jarajvaiz

yarrow, Y-

ja

yawl

-ma(r;

[-ed

-d

|-ing

yank jaegk
jaegk

-gan

'jaetajgaen,

jal

yawn

jan [yawned jand

yawp, yaup jap, jop, jap

Yazoo

|-ed -t

'jaezu

y-clad I'klaed
y-clept I'klspt

ye pro, stressed

'ji;

unstr. ji
the def. art. the Sa,

ye arch, spelling for

is not the

same

]>.

letter

(5i,

in

as in you, but

Ignorance has well-nigh

ji.

yean

jin |yeaned jind |-ling 'jinlig

year

jir;

ES

jia(r,

S+JEa(r; |-book -jbuk

ES

'jirlig;

'jslig, -li

'js'lig,

Am- prons.

The

S + 'jea-;

'jia-,

are old-fashioned

'J3-, -li

have recently come

into standard Brit use.

yearlong

'jaegtsi'kjaeg

|-ed -t
|

|-ed -d

-iz |-d -d

|yawed jad

corresponding

'jaensi

Yangtze-Kiang

|-s

'jaero, 'jaera

yataghan, -gan

yaw

ES 'jard-, E+'ja:dES jaea(r

ES 'ja:maO, E + 'ja:maG

JEa(r,

Yarmouth 'jarmaO;
yarn jam;

yearling

'jaemarig, 'jaemriij

Yankee

'jir'lag,

-'log;

ES

'jia-,

S+'jta-,

-'lag
'jaegki |-eeism

-ijzam

Yankee-Doodle 'jaegki'dudl
yap jaep yapped jaept
ful Itooth tue [further 'fySa^;

yearly

yeast

ES

ES 'jiali, S + 'jeaES jsn, jyn; |-ed -d

'jirli;

yearn jyn;

[full

yare jer,

yea je

yam jaera
yammer 'jaema'; ES

Yank

yardstick 'jardjStik;

established the ridiculous pron.

jel

Yancey

ES ja:d, E+jard; |-ed -id

yardarm 'jordjarm; ES 'jatd^arm, E + 'ja:dyard jard;

is the old th-letter

Yakima 'jaekama
Yakut ja'kut
Yale

-man |-men -man

'jaki

which y

-wist |-wistic ja'wistik

yak

jap |-man

Yaqui

(close) as

cf

or of stasis (stases

-iz)

cf Stacy's).
the

-i

seldom as high

in the pi of basis (bases 'besiz

'mesiz,

'full, -i).

varies in

though the

-i,

Yap

Ys, pass Y's waiz

\pl Y's,

-y ending, pron.

jist |-y 'jisti,

in Shak. 'JEsti

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

hau

[toy tai

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision 'visanjEden 'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep 'em 'kipm

Yeats
Yeats jets |Yeats's

York State 'jarkjStet; ES

Yorktown 'jark^taun; ES

'jetsiz

yegg jeg

Yosemite jo'sEmati
you stressed 'ju, ju;

yelk jelk doublet of yolk |yelked Jlkt

yeU

jel |yelled jeld

yellow

'jelo, -a j-ed

yellowhammer

with final

-d |-ing 'J2l3Wio

ES

'jda-;

'jelojhasma^,

'jelojSton, 'jela-

yellowthroat 'jelojOrot,

yellowwood 'JElo^wud,

'jela-

'jeman,

young

'jesta^;

yesterday

ES

'Jsta(r

ES 'JEstaES 'JEsta-

ja^;

yew

speakers distinguish

UdaU

youth jue

ES

yodel 'jodl |-ed -d

-mia(r;

|Ymer -m^; ES

lyogin 'jogin

yoick jaik |-ed

-t

l-'s

yow
yow

doublet of
intj

yolk jok, jolk |-ed

-t;

\NEngd+]'6\i (46)

ES -a(r, -ua(r
-da^; ES -da(r

'jom'kipa^, -ur;

yon jan, jon |-d -d |-der

Yonge JAg
Yonkers 'jaijkyz, 'jng-; ES -kaz

jua'sslf, joa'sElf,

-Zz, -Gs |-ful -fal [-fully

ES

joa(r,

York, -ke jark;

ES

\-'s

'juv,

juv;

often

ES

-za(r; (Fr Vxe:i)

-'tan ('Yuca^tan 'gum)

Yugoslav, J- n 'jugo,slav,

Yukon

ES

jaaks

Yorkshire

ES

'jaak/iafr, -/a(r

ynle,

bee bi [pity
[far

Vaipz (ES

-,slaev
-'sliev

('Yugo-

Yugoslavia, J- 'jugo'slavia, -vja [-n -n

Yugoslavic, J- jugo'slavik, -'sliev-

jaak; |Yorkist -ist

ba0 (10) [ah a

ewe

see

/slav 'state)

E+jaa(r

See in full 3^7.

'aiza^, 'iza^;

Yucatan juka'taen,
yucca, Y- 'JAka

-iz

Yorks 'Yorkshire' jarks;

'jark/ir, -JV;

jo

Yugoslav, J- adj 'jugo'slav,

'jarik, 'jarik, 'jorik

ES

Yreka wai'rika

[-fellow -jIeIo, -a

Yser

jbath baeO;

|-s

ewe

yttrium 'itriam

Key:

jua(r, ja(r

jau

Yokohama joka'hama

jor, jar;

'jur.

'jua(r.

E+jaaz

juaz, joaz,

-es

yokel 'jokl

Yorick

jua(r,

Ypsilanti jipsa'laenti, -ta

jyoicks intj jaiks

yoke jok |yoked jokt

yore

ES

jur, ja^;

yowl jaul [yowled jauld

Ypres 'ipra, 'ipraz (Fr ipr),
-paz), cf Yreka

|-ing 'jodliij, 'jodlig

'joga

Kippur

'jua(r,

unstr. juv, jav

ES

'inur, 'inur;

Yom

E+jaa(r

you've abbr. of you have, stressed

-ma(r

'jogi

ijua(r.

unstr. jur.

-fall

'jidij

yip jip iyipped jipt

yogi

'jua(r,

E+jaa'sElf; [-selves -'seIvz

ja'sElf,

yield jild [yielded 'jildid

yoga

ujistr.

yours jurz;

ES

Jur;

'jur,

yourself jur'self, ja^'self;

'judl, cf

Yggdrasill 'igdra,sil

Ymir

-sta(r

E+'jaa(r, jaa(r;

jua(r, joa(r, ja(r,

jua(r;

from you.
Yewdale 'ju,del,
Yiddish

ES

ijur,

'JEsti

Many

ju, jiu

ES

you're abbr. spelling of you are, stressed

yet JEt

yew

-ga(r; |-est -gist

'JAgsta^, 'JAgksta^;

jjoa(r,

'joa(r,

yestreen JEs'trin

yesty 'yeasty'

ES

younker 'JAgka^; ES 'JAgka(r

your stressed 'jur, jur; ES

'jesta^di, -jde;

yesterniglit 'jesta^'nait;

JAij |-er 'JAgga^;

youngster

'jskiz, 'jykiz; |-es' -iz

yes J8S lyeses 'jesiz |yesed jest

yester

will, stressed 'jul,

youngish 'JAgiJ
youngling 'JAijlig

j-ry -ri

'jovil

ES

you

Jul; unstr. jul, jal

'je- |-ite -,ait

yen jen

Yerkes 'jykiz;

river jaka'geni, /jnk-

you'll abbr. spelling of

yeoman 'joman |-men -man

(don'tju?

-t/a

-t/u,

'mEt/u); or with final -d -M3U, -d^v, -dsa

Youghiogheny

'jela-

yelp jelp yelped jelpt

Yemen

unstr. ju, ja; cojuhined

-'t/u,

-t

'jaak-

'jaak-

(wu'dsu? 'did3u?)
you'd abbr. spelling of you had, you would:
stressed 'jud, jud; imstr. jud, jad

-jhaem3(r

Yellowstone

Yeovil

yule

482

'piti (6)

'jukan, -kon

Y-

jul, jiul j-tide -jtaid

Some speakers

distinguish yule from you'll.

[rate ret [yet JEt jsang s^eg jangiy 'leg-gri

far Jwatch watj,

wotj

(12) [jaw dsa [gorge gards [go go

Yutang
Yutang ju'taeg
Yvonne I'van,

see

Lin Yutang

Ywain,

humorous wai'vani,

I'von,

cf

ES

ix, o.f. 'iza^d;

'izad; Brit

zed

|^;

Zabulon 'zaebi3l3n = Zebulun

|-'s

Zachariah, -a ^zaeka'raia

as -3s

'ziug-, 'zug|-'s

|-as's -3SIZ

ZimbaUst 'zimblist
zinc zirjk [zincked, zinced zigkt
zincify 'zigka^fai |-iied -^faid

zaem'bizi

Zanesville 'zenzvil

zincite 'zigkait

Zangwill 'ztegwil

zing zig [zinged zigd

zany

zinnia, Z- 'zmia, 'zmja

'zeni

Zanzibar 'zfenza^bar;

ES

iba:(r. E+-jba:(r

Zarathustra jzaer9'6ustr3

Zdanowicz
Z-

'staenajvitj

Zion 'zaisn |-ism -^izam

|-ist -ist |-ite -^ait

zip zip [zipped zipt

Zipangu zi'paeggu

zareba, -reeba za'riba

zeal,

-iz

zigzag 'zigzaeg [zigzagged 'zigzaegd

-IZ

'zaekari
-si

'zita

Zeus zus, zius, zjus

Zacchaeus, -cheus zae'kias

Zambezi,

zeta 'zeta,

zeugma 'zjugma,

Z's, Zs, pass Z's ziz

Zachary

I'wen ('Y^wain & 'Gawain)

-e

ywis arch, adv I'wis

y- wrought I'rat

Ypres, Yreka, Gnadenhutten

Z, z letter

Zophar

483

|-'s

Zipper, z- 'zipa^;

-IZ

ES

'zip3(r; [-ed -d

zircon 'zykan, -knn;

zil

ES 'zsk-,
ES za-

'zyk-

zirconium za^'koniam;

Zealand 'ziland
Zeal-of-the-Land Busy

'zi

zither 'ziOa^;

3v^3jlaend 'bizi

-n

zealot 'zebt |-ry

zloty

Zoar zor,

zealous 'zelas

-d [-n -n

'zi83(r; j-ed

Z3r, 'zoa^, 'z33^;

E+z33(r,

Zebedee 'zeba^dl

ES

'zlati, 'zloti [-ys -z

ES

zo3(r,

zebra 'zibra

zodiac 'zodijsek [zodiacal zo'daiakl

zebu

Zoe

'zibju, 'zibiu

zo

'zo'i,

Zebulun, -Ion 'zebjalan

Zola 'zob {Fr

Zechariah jzekaVaia

Zollverein Ger \s?)\izr^ain

zed zed

zombi, -bie 'zambi, 'zombi

zone zon

zee zi

Zeeland 'ziland {Du

zb''Ia)

j-nal -1 j-nally -ji

zoo zu

'zerlant)

Zeitgeist 'zait^gaist {Ger 'tsait^gaist)

zoogeographical jzoajdjia'graefikl

zenana ze'nana

zoogeography jzoadsi'agrafi, -'ng-

Zend znd Zend-Avesta zenda'vEsta

zoological jzoa'ladsikl;

'

zenith 'ziniG |-ths -Os

Zeno Gk

phil.

'zino.

ES + -'lDd3-;

It

admiral 'zeno

{It

Zoological
'lads-;

|-ly

-i.

Gardens Land zu'ladjikj,

zoology zo'aladji; ES+-'d1-;

Zephaniah jzefa'naia
zephyr 'zefar; ES 'zefaCr
Zephyrus 'zefaras |-'s -iz

zoom zum [zoomed zumd

Zeppelin, z- 'zepalin, 'zep in {Ger itsEpa'lirn)

zoosperm 'zoajspym;

zero

zoospore 'zoa^spor, -jSpDt;

[-ist -ist

zoomorphism ^zoa'mDrfizam; ES -'mDafzoophyte

'ziro, 'ziro

Zerubbabel za'rAbabI

'zoa^fait

ES

-jspsm, -jspym

ES

-jSpo3(r,

E+

-jSp33(r

Zophar

|-ful -fal [-fully -fall

ful [tooth tue [further 'fySa^;

^zua-

ES + -'lDd3-

Zenobia za'nobia, -bja

[full

[-ly -i, -ikli

-ikli

'dzerno)

zest ZEst |-ed -id

'zo-aCr,

'z3-3(r; j-ite -^ait

ES

'fstJa

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dif [vision

'zofa^;

ES

'zofaCr

[custom 'kAstam [while hwail jhow hau [toy

Visan Eden
I

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

tai

'em 'kipm


Zorn

Sw artist

Zorn

Zoroaster

sarn;

ES

jzoro'aesta';

S33n

ES

]-trian

-'aest3(r;

-tnan
Zouave,

z- zu'av,

zwav
-'zi;

ES

'zaida-;

(Z> 'zoeydar'ze:)

Zulu 'zulu |-land 'zubjlaend, 'zuluZuiii 'zunji, 'sun-

{Am Sp

See in full 3-47.

ES + -'mDt-;

j-ally

-h.

-ikli

zymurgy 'zaimydsi; ES -msdsi, -mydsi

'zAtfan, 'zut-

|bath baeO;

zymase 'zaimes
zyme zaim
zymology zai'raabdsi; ES + -'mDlzymosis zaiWosis
zymotic zai'matik;

'sujii)

Zurich 'zurik, 'ziurik, 'zjurik {Ger Hsy:rix)

|full

'tsvi:,bak)

|-anist -anist {Ger 'tsvigli:)

Zuider Zee, Zuy- 'zaida-'ze,

Zutphen

Zuyder Zee see Zuider Zee

zwieback 'tswi,bak, 'swi- {Ger

Zwingli 'zwirjgli |-an -an |-anism -an^izam

zounds zaundz, zaunz

Key:

zymurgy

484

bee bi |pity

baO (10) |ah a

|far

ful |tooth tuO [further 'f^Sa^;

'piti

(6) |rate ret |yet jet |sang saeg |angry 'aeg-gn

far |watch watj,

ES

wotj

(12) |jaw dsa [gorge gords |go go

'fsSa [custom 'kAstam [while hwail [how

[using 'juzig [fuse fjuz, fiuz [dish dij [vision

Visan [Eden

hau

'idn [cradle 'kredl [keep

[toy tai

'em 'kipm

WEBSTER'S

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