RABIES

comes from the Sanskrit rabhas, which means, to do violence.

This is thought to be the oldest communicable disease.
a viral infection of animals that can be transmitted to humans.
Neurotropic lyssavirus
which attacks the central nervous system and is also called hydrophobia, which means
fear of water.
The virus is usually excreted in the saliva of an infected animal
Transmitted most often by a bite, a scratch or licks on broken skin or mucous membrane, such as
the eyes, nose, or mouth.
almost always fatal

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Epidemiology

Number of Rabies Cases in Region VIII from 2007 to 2013

12
10

8
Frequency

10

6
4
2
0

4
1

2007

2
2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Frequency of Rabies in Region VIII in the Year 2013

Eastern Samar

25%

Leyte
Samar

50%
25%

Frequency of Rabies in Region VIII by Age Group and Sex in the Year 2013
25%

50%

25%

10-20 years old male

25-29 years old male

above 40 years old male

Number of Deaths from Rabies in Region VIII in the Year 2013

Died

100%

SIGNS and SYMPTOMS of a RABID DOG

wild
barks and runs aimlessly
bites any moving or non-moving objects
saliva comes out of the mouth of a rabid dog
cannot eat or drink
when a dog shows any of these symptoms, it usually dies within 14 days.
Signs and Symptoms of a RABID MAN
Early manifestation:
Headache
Slight fever
Irritable
Cannot Sleep
Restless
Breaths Rapidly
Late manifestation:
Hydrophobia
Acts like a Madman
Eyes become very Sharp
Forces self to get up
Kicks and struggles a lot
Mouth foams

Treatment
Cleaning the wound
wash the wound thoroughly under a running tap
use antiseptic or alcohol
leave the wound open
use a simple dressing but do not try to stitch it, because this could expose your nerve endings to
the rabies virus
go to the nearest hospital or medical centre and explain you have been bitten
Rabies immunoglobulin
protect against the virus and prevent it travelling to your nervous system.
works by providing ready-made antibodies designed to neutralize the rabies virus and prevent it
from spreading.
aside from some temporary soreness at the site of the injection, rabies immunoglobulin does not
usually cause any side effects.
Vaccination
First dose is given at the beginning of the treatment, followed by four further doses, which are
given three, seven, 14 and 30 days after the start of treatment.
If you have previously been vaccinated, you should receive two doses of the vaccine. The first
dose is given at the start of your treatment, followed by a second dose three to seven days later.
HDCV, PCEC, nerve tissue vaccine
PREVENTION OF RABIES
Avoiding Dog Bites
Leave dogs alone when they are eating or are near their food.
Dont grab or cuddle the dog around the neck, as this can frighten them.
Never surprise a sleeping dog.
Do not enter a strange dogs yard without their owner.
Always ask the owner before you pat their dog.
Dont play with a dog with a litter of puppies especially while a mother is still feeding them.
Make sure not to get the dog over excited when you play with them.
Responsible Pet Ownership
Vaccinating pet dog against rabies at 3 months of age and every year thereafter.
Providing clean, comfortable and proper shelter.
Providing enough exercise.
Providing enough care and proper nutrition.
Keeping them within our backyard, where they are free from contact with infected dogs. Keeping
them on leash when we take them on walks or daily exercise.
Bringing the pet for regular health consultation with veterinarian.
Important Points to Remember
Stay away from a strange dog.
Do not tease a dog.
Have your own dog injected with anti-rabies regularly.
Go to a doctor as soon as you are bitten by a dog.
When bitten, immediately wash thoroughly the bitten part with soap and running water for 15
minutes.
Kill any dog that shows signs of rabies.
RABIES is deadly (100% fatal), it cannot be cured, but it can be PREVENTED.

REMEDIOS TRINIDAD ROMUALDEZ MEDICAL FOUNDATION

PREVENTIVE COMMUNITY MEDICINE

SUBMITTED TO:
DR. GLORIA FABRIGAS

SUBMITTED BY:
ALIDON, MA. DIONALES
CAPUNGCOL, MARC STEVEN
DE PAZ, DAN JUVY
FUENTES, EDSON
LIM, JESUS ADRIAN
OCHONDRA, LESLIE
VILCHES, PHILIP MICHAEL