Further X1 Counting & Probability Questions

1.
2.

How many factors has the number 2 9 35 5 4 , including 1 and the number itself?

[300]

In how many different ways can 6 different coloured discs be divided into 3 non-empty
groups?
[Indistinct groups
6
114
C2 = 15
222

C2 4 C2
= 15
3!

321

C3 3C2 = 60
Total = 90]

3.

Three new students in Year 7 are to be placed into 4 different History classes. If they are
placed at random, find the probability that
(a)
all three are placed in the same class.
1
16
(b)
all three are placed in different classes.
3
8
(c)
only two are in the same class.
9
16

4.

How many permutations of the letters in M I S S I S S I P I do not have two consecutive Is?

6! 7

4! C4 = 1050
5.

How many 4 digit numbers can be formed from 1 1 2 3 3 4?

[102]

6.

In how many ways can three people divide among themselves 6 apples, 1 orange, 1 pear, 1
peach, 1 plum, 1 strawberry and 1 grape?
8C2 36 = 20 412

Miscellaneous Exercise
1)

Find the number of ways in which a committee of 4 can be chosen from 6 boys and 6 girls if
(a)
it must contain 2 boys and 2 girls.
(b)
if it must contain at least 1 boy and 1 girl.
(c)
either the oldest boy or the oldest girl must be included but not both.

2)

There are n boxes arranged in a straight line and numbered 1 to n. Find in how many ways
(a)
n different articles can be arranged in the boxes, one in each box, so that a particular
article A is in box 2.
(b)
the n articles can be arranged in the boxes so that the article A is in neither box 1 nor
box 2 and a given article B is not in box 2.
Deduce the number of ways in which the articles can be arranged so that A is not in box 1
and B is not in box 2.

3)

A forecast is to be made of the results of five football matches, each of which can be a win,
a draw or a loss for the home team. Find the number of different possible forecasts, and
show how this number is divided into forecasts containing 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 errors respectively.

4)

Find in factor form the number of ways in which 20 boys can be arranged in a line from
right to left so that no two of three particular boys will be standing next to each other.

5)

Find how many distinct numbers greater than 5000 and divisible by 3 can be formed from
the digits 3, 4, 5, 6 and 0, each digit being used at most once in any number.

6)

A certain test consists of seven questions, to which a candidate must give one of three
possible answers.
According to the answer that he chooses, the candidate must score 1, 2 or 3 marks for each
of the seven questions.
In how many different ways can a candidate score exactly 18 marks in the test?

7)

A tennis club is to select a team of three pairs, each pair consisting of a man and a woman,
for a match. The team is to be chosen from 7 men and 5 women. In how many different
ways can the three pairs be selected?

8)

There are n red counters and m green counters to be placed in a straight line. Find the
number of different arrangements of the colours.
A town has n streets running from south to north and m streets running from west to east.
A man wishes to go from the extreme south-west intersection to the extreme north-east
intersection, always moving either north or east along one of the streets.
Find the number if different routes he can take.

9)

Show that there are 126 ways in which 10 children can be divided into two groups of 5. Find
the number if ways in which this can be done if the two youngest children
(a)
must be in the same group.
(b)
must not be in the same group.

10)

A committee of three people is to be chosen from four married couples.

Find in how many ways this committee can be chosen if
(a)
all are equally eligible.
(b)
the committee must consist of one woman and two men.
(c)
all are equally eligible except that a husband and wife cannot both serve on the
committee.

11)

Find the number of integers between 1000 and 4000 which can be formed using the digits 1,
2, 3, 4 if
(a)
each digit may be used only once.
(b)
each digit may be used more than once.

12)

In how many different ways can the letters of the word MATHEMATICS be arranged?
In how many of these arrangements will two As be adjacent?
Find the number of arrangements in which all the vowels come together.

13)

Code numbers, each containing three digits, are to be formed from the nine digits 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9. In any number no particular digit may occur more than once.
(a)
How many different code numbers may be formed, and in how many of these will 9
be one of the three digits selected?
(b)
In how many numbers will the three digits occur in their natural order (i.e. the digits
being in ascending order of magnitude reading from left to right, e.g. 359?

Answers
1)
2)

a)
a)

3)
4)
6)

1+ 10 + 40 + 80 + 80 + 32 = 243
16 17 18!
5)
126
77
7)
2100
( m + n )! ; ( m + n 2 )!
m!n!
( m 1)!( n 1)!
a)
56
b)
70
a)
56
b)
24
a)
18
b)
192
11! 10!
;
; 4!7!
8 4
a)
504; 168
b)
84

8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)

225
( n 1)!

b)
b)

465
c)
240
2
2
( n 2 ) ( n 2 )! ; n 3n + 3 ( n 2 )!

c)

32