5H Revision on Surds

a a
Rules of Surds: ab = a b and =
b b

1. Simplify the following surds:

a. 12 b. 20 c. 18 d. 27

e. 8 f. 24 g. 28 h. 32

i. 45 j. 48 k. 44 l. 63

m. 50 n. 54 o. 200

2. Add or subtract these surds

a. 4 2 + 3 2 b. 5 2 − 3 2 c. 6 3 + 2 3 d. 6 3 − 2 3

e. 5+ 5 f. 5− 5 g. 8 2 + 2 2 h. 2 3 − 3

i. 3 3 + 3 3

3. Simplify:

a. 8+ 2 b. 18 − 2 c. 125 − 5 5 d. 48 − 12

e. 32 + 18 f. 75 − 12 g. 45 − 20 h. 63 − 28

4. Simplify:

a. 2× 2 b. 6× 6 c. 2 × 50 d. 3 × 12

e. 3 × 27 f. 10 × 2 g. 3 × 15 h. 5 × 10

5. Multiply out the brackets:

a. ( 2 + 2 )(3 + 2 ) b. ( 2 + 2 )(3 − 2 ) c. (5 − 3 )(5 + 3 )

2  1  1  2  1 3
d. ( 3− 2 ) e. 
 2
+ 2 
 2
− 2

f.  − 
3  3 2 
6. Rationalise the denominator and simplify where possible:

1 1 2 3
a. b. c. d.
6 7 6 3

5 1 4 20
e. f. g. h.
10 11 2 5

6 12
i. j.
3 6

7. Rationalise the denominator and simplify where possible:

1 1 1 1
a. b. c. d.
2+ 3 5 −1 2 +1 2+ 2

1 1 4
e. f. g.
2 −1 3 +1 5 −1
 Kuta Software - Infinite Geometry Name___________________________________

Special Right Triangles Date________________ Period____

Find the missing side lengths. Leave your answers as radicals in simplest form.

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IB Math Studies Yr 1
Name_____________ ___________________ Date: ____________

Lesson 1-3:
Learning Goals:
#1: How do we round a number using significant figures?

DO NOW: Answer the following questions based on yesterday’s lesson

1. (a) A large cup of coffee is 546.9 mL. Write this number to the nearest millilitre.

(b) The time taken to fill a small pool was 116 minutes. Write this time to the nearest 5 minutes.

(c) The attendance at a show was 13652 people. How many people, to the nearest 1000, were at the
show?

𝑦
2. Given 𝑝 = 𝑥 − √𝑧 , x = 1.775 , y = 1.44 and z = 48.

(a) Calculate the exact value of p.

(b) Write down your answer to part (a)

i. Correct to the nearest integer

ii. Correct to one decimal place

IB Math Studies Yr 1
LESSON 1-3: Significant Figures

• Significant figures are another way to round a number. They are commonly used in science and
engineering to approximate very large or very small numbers.
• Significant figures are used when someone is concerned with the precision of values used in their
calculations. They want to make sure their calculations make sense!

THREE RULES for Identifying Significant Figures

1. All non-zero digits are significant.

The number 4.8383 has _______ significant figures The number 5.21 has __________ significant figures

2. Interior (sandwich) zeros between two digits significant.

The number 1.08 has _________ significant figures The number 4061 has ________ significant figures

The number 30.2808 has________ significant figures The number 0.400072 has________ significant figures

3. Trailing zeros in the decimal portion (right side of decimal) are significant.

The number 1.320 has _______ significant figures The number 30.1200 has ________ significant figures

The number 0.0340 has________ significant figures The number 0.0120 has________ significant figures

• SUMMARY: Zero is NOT significant when …

IB Math Studies Yr 1
PRACTICE COUNTING SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

• HELPFUL HINT: When counting Significant Figures, always start from the left-most non-zero digit!.

DIRECTIONS: Underline the digit to identify the significant figure:

1. Identify the first significant figure in the numbers below.
a) 62.6851 b) 18.0084 c) 0.3018 d) 0.0064873

2. Identify the second significant figure in the numbers below.

a) 62.6851 b) 18.0084 c) 0.3018 d) 0.0064873

3. Identify the third significant figure in the numbers below.

a) 62.6851 b) 18.0084 c) 0.3018 d) 0.0064873

ROUNDING SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

• To round to a given number of significant figures:
1. Count to the given number of significant figures. When counting Significant Figures, always start from
the left-most non-zero digit
2. Circle that number, and round it.

**All of the numbers to the right of the rounded number turn into zeros!**

DIRECTIONS: Correctly round the following numbers based on today’s lesson.

1. Round the numbers below to one significant figure.
a) 5.640 b) 0.052 c) 613 d) 0.0004703

2. Round the numbers below to two significant figures.

a) 7.939 b) 0.607 c) 123456 d) 0.00456
IB Math Studies Yr 1
3. Round the numbers below to three significant figures.
a) 25.299 b) 0.5206 c) 0.001803 d) 64873

4. Rewrite the quantity 0.0031904 to each of the following significant figures:

a) 1 significant figure: _____________________

b) 2 significant figures: _____________________

c) 3 significant figures: _____________________

IB-Style Questions

(2 z + 1)(2 z − 1)
5. T = , where 𝑥 = 9, 𝑦 = 41 and 𝑧 = 3.
y2 − x2
(a) Calculate the exact value of T .

(b) Give your answer to T correct to

(i) two significant figures;

(ii) four decimal places.

IB Math Studies Yr 1
Name_____________ ___________________ Date: ____________
Lesson 1-3 Homework
1. Round the numbers below to one significant figure.
a) 16.8477 b) 35.072 c) 0.14986 a) 0.0050981

2. Round the numbers below to two significant figures.

a) 5.6732 b) 42,030 c) 0.09025011 0.00318756

3. Round the numbers below to three significant figures.

a) 861.85 b) 100.511 c) 0.01384 d) 0.00209873

4. Round each number below to the correct place value.

a) nearest tenth b) nearest whole number c) nearest hundred
8.54 99.59 118.380

d) nearest hundredth e) nearest thousandth f) nearest thousand

815.795 1,708.2496 1,708.2496

g) two decimal places h) three decimal places i) one decimal place

471.028 412.1994 730.2729512
IB Math Studies Yr 1
Name_____________ ___________________ Date: ____________

Lesson 1-4: Scientific Notation

Learning Goals:
#1: How do we convert in and out of scientific notation?

Scientific Notation
• Scientific Notation is a way of writing numbers that accommodates values too large or small to be
conveniently written in standard decimal notation. .
• A number written in scientific notation has the form: a x 10k, where 1 ≤ a < 10 and 𝑘 ∈ Ζ

When you see this

mentioned just think
_________________________________
__
Changing a number into scientific notation:
Example: Write 625000000 in the form a x 10k, where 1 ≤ a < 10 and 𝑘 ∈ Ζ
1. Type the given number into the calculator

2.
Click Mode, and select SCI

Then hit enter twice

Then hit 2nd Quit to go back to the home

screen

3. Hit enter on the home screen

“E” means “x 10k” where k is the number

after the E.
4. We rewrite the expression to get a 6.25 x 108
final answer of:

Important Notes:
• Sometimes, the number after the E is negative. Make sure to include the negative in the exponent!
• As soon as you are done writing the number in scientific notation. CHANGE YOUR CALCULATOR
BACK TO NORMAL IN MODE!
IB Math Studies Yr 1
Let’s Try Some:
1. Rewrite the following numbers in the form: a x 10k, where 1 ≤ a < 10 and 𝑘 ∈ Ζ
a. 435000 b. 0.0087 c. -19.6 d. 0.157

Converting a number from scientific notation to standard form:

Example: Write the following number without exponents: 5.65 x 104

1. Type the number in the calculator the

exact way it is written.

2. Make sure your calculator is in NORMAL

MODE

(You check this by clicking Mode, and

Normal should be highlighted)

Click Mode, and select SCI

Then hit enter twice

Then hit 2nd Quit to go back to the home

screen

3. Hit Enter, and copy the number.

One Exception:
However!!!!

• Sometimes the calculator cannot give a number to you as just a number, even in normal mode
• Sometimes it gives you a number and automatically puts that number in scientific notation!
• In the case you must know how to move the decimal

Rules:
• If the exponent is POSITIVE (the number after the “E” you must move the decimal that many
places to the RIGHT.
• If the exponent is NEGAVTIVE (the number after the “E” you must move the decimal that many
places to the LEFT.
IB Math Studies Yr 1
Examples:
Since the number after the “E” is negative, we move
the decimal 5 places to the left, and replace the loops
with zeros.

Since the number after the “E” is positive, we move

the decimal 11 places the right, and replace the loops
with zeros.

1. Write the following without exponents:

a. 2.006 x 107

b. -5.4 x 10-6

c. 4.3 x 100

d. 56989 x 103

Practice:

Directions: Convert each number from scientific notation to standard form.

1. 9.757 x 102 2. -1.222 x 10-4

3. 7.117 x 105 4. 2.349x 10-2

IB Math Studies Yr 1
5. -2.562 x 10-1 6. 7.64325 x 103

7. 9.28410 x 10-3 8. -3.00462 x 102

9. 2.50624 x 101 10. 9.757 x 10-5

Directions: Convert each number from standard form to scientific notation.

1. 28.43 2. 757.3

3. 3.329 4. -27,330

5. 46.91 6. 0.001997

7. -20,827 8. 734,202

9. 7,340,000 10. -0.0083701

Extend your thinking:

1. A large rectangular field has a length of 3.4 X 104 m and a width of 2.7 X 104 m.
a) Find the area of the field in m2.

b) Round your answer to two significant figures.

IB Math Studies Yr 1
Name_____________ ___________________ Date: ____________

Lesson 1-4 Homework

1. Write as an ordinary decimal number:
a. The estimated population of the world in the year 2010 is 6.8 x 109

b. Round your answer in a) to 1 significant figure

2. Write the following width accurate to two significant figures:

A small virus has greatest width of 9.856 x 10-4 mm.

3. Use your calculator to simplify, correct to 3 significant figures:

a. (4.7 x 102) x (8.5 x 103)

b. (5.96 x 10-2)2

c. (7.3 x 10-7) x (1.5 x 104)

4. The total mass of 256 identical pencils is 4.24 kg. Calculate the mass of one pencil, in kg.
a. Give your answer exactly.

b. Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.

c. Write your answer from b) in the form a x 10k where 1≤a<10 and k ∈ Ζ
IB Math Studies Yr 1
5. Round all of the following to three significant figures:
a. 0.003012g b. -90.351230

c. 3.198cm d. 11.0960

e. 92.04989 f. -0.00189904

6. Round the following:

a. Round to the nearest cent. b. Round to the nearest dollar.

$176.09130 $0.8931

c. Round to the nearest ten liters. d. Round to two decimal places.

159.4508 L 79.0315 m

e. Round to the nearest tenth of a milliliter. f. Round to five decimal places.

1508.64 mL 120.6413941