FIELD WORK NO.

2
TAPING ON A LEVEL AND ON UNEVEN GROUND

OBJECTIVES:
1. To develop the skills of taping the distance on a level ground where the tape is fully
supported by the ground.
2. To acquire the skills of taping the distance on an uneven ground where the tape is
only supported at the ends.

INSTRUMENTS:
1. 2 range poles
2. chalk and/or 1 set of making pins
3. 2 plumb bobs
4. 50 meter tape
B. ORGANIZATION OF PARTY:
1. Chief of Party (COP)
2. 1-Front tapeman
3. 1 Rear tapeman
4. 2 Range pole men
5. 1 Recorder

PROCEDURE:
TAPING ON A PLAIN LEVEL GROUND
1. The professor assigns the accessible and unobstructed course to be measured by
the student on a level ground by about 300 paces - 400 paces.

2. The Chief of Party marks the end points by a chalk if it is on pavement or by a 3"
common wire nail (c.w. nail) if it is on soft ground and designates it as end points A and
B.
3. A range pole man holds the pole vertically and steadily during the entire taping
procedure at B to keep the complete taping process aligned and straightened.
4. A 10-meter tape is stretched out on the ground on the straight path along A to B
where the 0-end is held ahead. (Note: 0-end is nearer B than A). The rear tape man is
responsible for giving the signal to the front tape man if his path is straight while the
front tapeman is reponsible to pull the tape taut once the tape is aligned already.
5. The front tapeman gets a pin and sticks it vertically in the ground exactly opposite the
0-meter mark of tape.
6. Rear tapeman holds 1 pin and the rest of the pins (10 pins) are held by front
tapeman.
7. Both the front and the rear tapeman lift simultaneously the tape and move forward
along the line AB tto measure the next tape length. By now the rear tape man holds 1
marking pin which signifies one tape length.
8. The procedure 4-6 is repeated to complete the next tape length measurement. Make
sure that the rear tapeman pulls the pin before lifting the tape to move on to the next
tape length. The rear tapeman holds 2 marking pins to connote 2 tape lengths have
been measured.
9. Repeat the sameprocess until all pins being held by the front tapeman have been
used up which signifies one tally (1 tally = 10 tape lengths). After a tally has been
accomplished, the rear tapeman returns all the 10 pins to the front tapeman to proceed
in measuring the length of the course. It is suggested that the rear tapeman or the
recorder tallies in the field computation sheet provided the number of one complete
round. Note: One round is when all the ten pins are now being held by the rear
tapeman.
10. Repeat the same procedure if more than one tally is needed.
11. upon reaching point B the partial length must be measured accurately up to
centimeters by the rear tapeman while the front tapeman is holding the 0-mark at B and
both of them are holding the tape taut.
12. The number of small pebbles in the rear tapeman's pocket now indicates the
number of tallies made and the number of pins in his possession indicates the number
of additional tapelengths. This is recorded in the field computation sheet provided.

13. The course is measured back and forth to complete the number of trials required by
the professor.
TAPING ON UNLEVEL GROUND
1. The same course is measured but this time the 10-m tape length will be unsupported
by the ground and must be held about an eye-level distance above the ground.
2. Both the rear and front tapeman hold a plumb line over the center of the hub.
3. The front tapeman must hold his plumb line an arms length away from his body for
the rear tapeman to clearly see if it is aligned in the range pole at B.
4. Once the rear tapeman approves of the alignment, the rear tapeman holding the 0mark pulls the tape taut and drops this plumb bob on the ground. This will mark the
ground with a dent to guide the front tapeman where he must place his marking pin.
5. This is to be done continuous;y until point B is reached. Note that the partial length
must also be measured as in procedure A.
6. The course is measured back and forth to complete the number of trials required by
the professor.
COMPUTATIONS:
The computation of sample field notes is done in accordance with the steps listed
hereunder:

A. Computation of an unknown distance

The number of tallies is equivalent to the number of pebbles being held by the rear
tapeman, and the number of pins is the number of tape lengths. Multiply the number of
tallies by ten and add it to the number of pins. The sum is then multiplied by the length
and then added to the last partial tape length to get the length of the course AB.
No. tallies=No. of pebbles
Notapelengths=( No . of tallies ) 10+ No . of pins
Length of the course AB=( No . tapelengths ) ( Length one tapelength ) + length of Tape

FINAL DATA SHEET

FIELD WORK NO. 2

TAPING ON A LEVEL AND ON UNEVEN GROUND

DATA:
TRIANGLE
a
10.54 m
12.50 m
13.88 m

1
2
3

SIDES
b
15.35 m
13.88 m
12.85 m

c
12.5 m
12.8 m
9.46 m

HALF PERIMETER
s
19.195 m
19.59 m
18.095 m
TOTAL

AREA
65.3960 m2
73.3826 m2
58.7736 m2
197.5522 m2

SAMPLE COMPUTATIONS:
TRIANGLE 1:
S=

10.54 m+15.35 m+12.50 m

=19.195 m
2

For the TOTAL AREA:

TOTAL=65.3960 m2 +73.3826 m 2+ 58.7736 m2
TOTAL AREA =197.5522m2

SKETCH:

10.54
mm
12.50
m

15.35
m

C
12.80
m

12.85
m

I
II

13.88
m

A
9.46
m

D
III

DISCUSSION:
This field work focuses on taping on a level and on uneven ground. This has two main
objectives - first is to develop the skills of taping the distance on a level ground where
the tape is fully supported by the ground, while the other one is to acquire the skills of
taping the distance on an uneven ground where the tape is only supported at the ends.
Also, on this field work, we were able to use the instruments such as 2 range poles, a
chalk, 2 plumb bobs, and a 50 meter tape.
For our group to be able to gather all the data that we need, we did the following steps.
First, we prepared all the materials that we are going to use. Then, using a chalk, we
marked five points labeled as A, B, C, D, and E. our group used these points and
connected them to serve as sides of the pentagon. Then, using the range poles and the
50 meter tape, we measured the sides of the pentagon and its diagonals. The values for
these are presented on the data. And for our group to be able to get the area of the
pentagon, we divided the pentagon into three triangles. And from here, we applied the
Heron's formula which is

A= s ( sa ) ( sb )(sc ) . We were able to obtain the areas

from three triangles as, 65.3960 m2 for the triangle 1, 73.3826 m2 for the triangle 2, and
58.7736 m2 for the triangle 3. So, for our group to be able to get the total area of the
pentagon, we added the three computed areas of the triangles ;wherein we obtained a
value of 197.5522 m2 as the total area.
To gain more information about this particular field work, I did some research and I was
able to find the following information. One of my sources states that in measuring for the
distance over sloping or uneven surfaces, all measurements in plane surveying are
taken to be horizontal. It can also be achieved using the following methods: a. the tape
is held horizontally while the measurements are taken, or b. the tape is held along the
ground slope and a correction is applied to the slope measurement.

CONCLUSION:
This field work's main objectives were for us to develop the skills of taping the distance
on a level ground where the tape is fully supported by the ground' while the other one
was for us to acquire the skills of taping the distance on an uneven ground where the
tape is only supported at the ends. And after following the procedures required for this
field work carefully, our group was able to obtain all the data we needed.
The table from our data required us to obtain the total area of our pentagonal lot, and for
us to be able to do that, we have maximized the use of our instruments. We have
created a pentagonal lot by using our instruments, and from there we started measuring
its sides and its diagonals. And after gathering all the data that we needed, we started to
compute for its area by first dividing the pentagonal lot into three triangles. Then, we
applied our knowledge from Trigonometry - about solving the area of a triangle.
There are three ways in solving for the area of a triangle. The first one is by using the
equation

1
A= ab
, another one is by using the equation
2

one is by using the Heron's formula which is

1
A= ab sin
, and the third
2

A= s ( sa ) ( sb )( sc ) . In our case, we

used the Heron's formula in computing for the area of the three triangles ;wherein we
obtained 65.3960 m2, 73.3826 m2, and 58.7736 m2 as values. And to get the total area,
we added these areas and our group obtained 197.5522 m 2 as the area of the
pentagonal lot. This just proves that these formulas are very useful when it comes to
solving for the total area of a lot similar to this one.
From the given statements above, our group can say that we have met the objectives
needed for this field work. We have developed our skills when it comes to taping
distances on a level ground. Our group were also able to acquire the skills on taping
distances on an uneven ground where the tape is only supported at the ends. We were
also able to appreciate the importance of the three formulas in computing for the area of
a triangle - which we can apply when it comes to finding the total area of a lot, which is
in this case, a pentagonal lot.