1.

FINE ARTS OR INDEPENDENT

ARTS made primarily for
aesthetic enjoyment
- e.g. music, painting,
sculpture, architecture,
literature, dancing & drama

2. PRACTICAL ARTS/ USEFUL/

UTILITARIAN ARTS for
practical use
- e.g. industrial art, applied
or household art, civic art,
commercial art, graphic art,
agricultural art, fishery art..

 Arts

grouped according to

MAJOR ARTS painting,

architecture, sculpture,
literature, music, and dance
2. MINOR ARTS decorative
arts, popular arts, graphic
arts, plastic arts & industrial
arts
1.

1. VISUAL ARTS
1.1. GRAPHIC ARTS
1.2. PLASTIC ARTS
2. PERFORMING ARTS
theater, play, dance & music

3. LITERARY ARTS short

stories, novels, poetry
and dramas
4. POPULAR ARTS film,
newspaper, magazine,
radio, television

5. GUSTATORY ART OF THE

CUISINE involves skill in food
& beverage preparation
6. DECORATIVE ARTS visual
objects produced for
beautifying houses, offices,
cars and other structures

THE SCOPE OF HUMANITIES

Sanchez et al Espina et al

ARTS

CAN BE
1.VISUAL
2.AUDITORY
3.COMBINED

1.
2.

media that can be seen and which occupy

space
Grouped into 2 classes:
two-dimensional arts painting, drawing,
printmaking, photography
Three-dimensional arts sculpture,
architecture, landscape, community
planning, industrial designs, crafts like
ceramics and furniture

We perceive with our eyes

Classified into 2 groups:
A. THE GRAPHIC ARTS
- covers any form of visual artistic
representation
- portrayals of forms & symbols are
recorded on a 2-di surface
- all processes & products of the printing
industry

a. PAINTING process of applying pigment to a

surface to secure effects involving forms &
colors

b. DRAWING the art of representing

something by lines made on a surface
- the process of portraying an object, scene,
or forms of decorative or symbolic meaning
through lines, shading & textures in one or
more colors

c. GRAPHIC PROCESSES processes for

making multi-reproduction of graphic
works
- involve the preparation of a master
image of the drawing or design on some
durable material
- classified by the nature of the surface
from which the printing is done:
c.1. Relief Printing
c.2. Intaglio Printing
c.3. Surface Printing

C.1. RELIEF PRINTING unwanted

portions of design are cut away
on the master image
- the printed image is formed
by the remaining surfaces
- e.g. linoleum cuts, woodcuts,
wood engravings

c.2. INTAGLIO PRINTING a method of printing

from a plate on which incised lines, which
carry the ink, leave a raised impression
c.2.1. DRY POINT the artist draws directly
on a metal plate
c.2.2. ETCHING drawings or designs on
metal plates covered with wax
c.2.3. ENGRAVING done on a metal plate
with a cutting tool called a barin, which
leaves a V-shaped trough; designs entirely
composed of lines and/ or dots

c.3. SURFACE PRINTING printing

is done from a flat (plane) surface
c.3.1. LITHOGRAPHY printing
from a flat stone; based on the
repulsion between grease & water
c.3.2. SILKSCREEN silk is
stretched over a rectangular
frame & unwanted portions in the
design are blocked out

d. COMMERCIAL ART includes designing of

books, advertisements, signs, posters, and
other displays to promote sale or acceptance
of product, service or idea

e. MECHANICAL

PROCESSES
developed by
commercial
printers for
rapid, largequantity
reproduction of
words & pictures
in one or more
colors

f. PHOTOGRAPHY a chemical-mechanical
process by which images are produced on
sensitized surfaces by action of light

B. THE PLASTIC ARTS includes all fields of the

visual arts in which materials are organized
into 3-dimensional forms

a. ARCHITECTURE the art of designing &

constructing buildings & other types of
structures

b. LANDSCAPE

ARCHITECTURE
planning
outdoor areas
for human use &
enjoyment, esp
gardens, parks,
playgrounds,
golf courses

c. CITY

PLANNING
planning &
arranging
the physical
aspects of a
large or
small
community

d. INTERIOR DESIGN design & arrangement

of architectural interiors for convenience &
beauty

e. SCULPTURE
design &
construction
of 3-di
forms
representing
natural
objects or
imaginary
shapes

f. CRAFTS designing &

making of objects by hand
for use or for pleasure

Decorative arts
A ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetallic solid prepared by the
action of heat and subsequent
cooling. Ceramic materials may
have a crystalline or partly
crystalline structure, or may be
amorphous .

Decorative arts
Interior design is a multi-faceted
profession in which creative and technical
solutions are applied within a structure to
achieve a built interior environment.

Furniture is the mass noun for the

movable objects ('mobile' in Latin
languages) intended to support various
human activities such as seating and
sleeping in beds, to hold objects at a
convenient height for work using
horizontal surfaces above the ground, or
to store things. Storage furniture such as
a nightstand often makes use of doors,
drawers, shelves and locks to contain,
organize or secure smaller objects such as
clothes, tools, books, and household
goods.

Decorative arts
Jewelry making
signifies items of
personal adornment,
such as necklaces,
rings, brooches,
earrings and
bracelets.

Decorative arts
Metal can be an intimidating

material to work with--and not one

most crafters will just pick up and
try without instruction. In her
encouraging introduction to metal
crafting. Browning quickly dispels
any fear the inexperienced metal
crafter may have while showing
how working with metal can
enhance practically every area of
crafting--scrapbooking, collage,
altered art, jewelry--and thus
giving this title a broader appeal
than just to metal crafters.

Decorative arts
Wood working

is the process of
building, making or carving something
using wood. Along with stone, mud, and
animal parts, wood was certainly one of
the first materials worked by primitive
human beings. Micro wear analysis of
the Mousterian stone tools used by
the Neanderthals show that many were
used to work wood. The development of
civilization was closely tied to the
development of increasingly greater
degrees of skill in working these materials.

Decorative arts
A collage
from the French word: coller, to glue
made from an assemblage of different forms,
thus creating a new whole.
may include newspaper clippings, ribbons, bits
of colored or hand-made papers, portions of
other artwork, photographs, a piece of moss or
even a dead mole and other found objects, glued
to a piece of paper or canvas.

. INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
design of objects for
machine production

h. DRESS AND
COSTUME
DESIGN*
covers the
design of
wearing
apparel of all
types
dresses,
coats, suits,
shoes, ties,
etc..

i. THEATER DESIGN design of settings for

dramatic productions

mediums can be
heard and are
expressed in time
music and literature

 The

art of combining
spoken or written words
and their meanings into
forms which have artistic
and emotional appeal

DRAMA a
presentation
made up of
words,
sounds, and
actions of
characters

1.

2. ESSAY non-fiction,
expository writing
ranging from informal,
personal topics to closely
reasoned critical
treatments of important
subjects

3. PROSE FICTION
narratives created by
the author, as
distinguished from
true accounts

4. POETRY literature of a
highly expressive nature using
special forms and choice of
words and emotional images
Narrative poetry includes
epics, romances & ballads
Lyric forms include the sonnet,
ode, elegy, song

5. MISCELLANEOUS
history, biography,
letters, journals,
diaries and other
works not formally
classed as literature

Art of arranging
sounds in
rhythmic
succession and
generally in
combination
Both a creative
and a
performing art

 Common

forms are song, march,

fugue, sonata, suite, fantasy,
concerto, and symphony

Musical

compositions fall into 3

groups:
VOCAL MUSIC
INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
MUSIC COMBINED WITH OTHER
ARTS

 Composed

primarily to be

sung
The voice/s are generally
accompanied by one or
more instruments

LONG VOCAL
FORMS OR SHORT
VOCAL FORMS
Long vocal forms:
1. Opera
2. Cantata
3. Oratorio
4. Moro-moro
5. zarzuela

Short vocal
forms:
1. Folk songs
2. Art songs
3. Kundiman
4. Anthem
5. ballad

 Written

for instruments of four

general types: keyboard
(piano, organ); stringed (violin,
cello, guitar); wind (flute,
clarinet); brass winds
(trumpet, saxophone);
percussion (drums, xylophone)

 mediums

can be both seen

and heard and exist in both
space and time
Dance, opera, drama, and the
movies
Along with the music, these
are also known as the
performing arts

a.

b.

c.

OPERA drama set to music; entirely

sung with orchestral accompaniment;
staged with accomplished singers,
elaborate scenery & costumes
OPERETTA & MUSICAL COMEDY also a
drama set to music but is light, popular,
romantic & often humorous or comic
ORATORIO AND CANTATA sacred
musical drama in concert form;
oratories are usually based on Biblical
themes

Ballet

music and
background music
for motion pictures

 Story

recreated by actors on a
stage in front of an audience
Common types:
- tragedy
- melodrama
- comedy
- miscellaneous

 One

of literatures greatest
dramatic art forms
It is a drama of serious
nature in which the central
character comes to some
sad or disastrous end
Portray suffering

 Emphasis

on the action
rather than on character

The

action is sensational
or romantic and usually
has a happy ending

a.

b.

c.

THE ROMANTIC COMEDY a light, amusing

tale of lovers in some dilemma which is
finally solved happily
FARCE a light, humorous play; emphasis on
jokes, humorous physical action, ludicrous
situations and improbable characters
COMEDY OF MANNERS drawing room
comedy; sophisticated, sometimes satirical;
characters are usually high-society types &
situations have little to do with real life;
emphasis on witty dialogue

a.
b.

c.
d.
e.

TRAGICOMEDY drama blending tragic and

comic elements; with happy ending
MIRACLE & MYSTERY PLAYS dramatized
stories from the Bible & of the lives of saints
MORALITY PLAYS characters represent
specific vices & virtues
CLOSET DRAMA plays written for reading
rather than for staging
PIANO DRAMA based on piano works which
revolve around the musical pieces composed
under the inspiration of a literary work

Film
Film encompasses
individual motion
pictures, the field of film
as an art form, and
the motion picture
industry. Films (also
referred to
as movies or motion
pictures) are produced
by recording
photographic images
with cameras, or by
creating images
using animation techniqu
es or visual effects.

 Involves

the movement of the

body & the feet in rhythm
Important types:
1. ETHNOLOGIC
2. SOCIAL OR BALLROOM DANCES
3. THE BALLET
4. MODERN
5. MUSICAL COMEDY

 Folk

dancing
associated
with national
and cultural
groups

Popular

types of
dancing generally
performed by pairs
Waltz, fox trot,
rhumba, tango

 Formalized

type of dance
which originated in the royal
courts of the Middle Ages
Solo or concerted dances with
mimetic actions accomplished
by music
Generally built around a theme
or story

 Contemporary

or interpretative

dances
Represent rebellion against
the classical formalism of
ballet
Emphasize personal
communication of moods &
themes

 Dances

performed by soloists,
groups and choruses in
theaters, night clubs, motion
pictures & TV
Combines various forms of
ballet, modern, tap &
acrobatics

3
1.

2.
3.

MAJOR PHASES:
The artist must have an idea
He must have a material to
work with
He must give form to his idea

1.
2.

What did the artist make?

What is it about? (subject)
What did the artist want to
show in his work? What is
the artwork for? (function of
the art)

3. What is the artwork made of?

(materials or medium used)
4. How is the material put
together or organized?
(materials or medium used)
5. What is the personality or
individuality of the art work?
(style and mood or temper of
the art work)

6. How good is it? (This

is the judgment)
7. What is the meaning
conveyed by the art?
How does it make life
more meaningful?