Projectile:-

A projectile is any body that is given an initial

velocity and then follows a path determined by the effect of the
gravitational acceleration and by air resistance.

Example:-
• A thrown football.
• An object dropped from an airplane.
• A bullet shot from a gun.

These are all examples of projectiles.

Projectile motion:-
Two dimensional motion of a body is known as
projectile motion.

Range of projectile:-
The maximum horizontal distance covered by
the projectile is known as Range of the projectile.

R = (Vi² sin 2θ)/g

We can get the maximum range when

Ө = 45°
2Ө = 90°
Then sin 2Ө =1

Trajectory:-
The path followed by the projectile is known as
Trajectory of that projectile.

y = (tan Ө) x – gx²
2(vi cos Ө) × t

Maximum height:-
The maximum height that the projectile attains
during its flight on the y axis is known as Height of the projectile.

H = vi² sin ² Ө
2g
Time of flight:-
The time taken by the projectile to reach the
highest point from the point of projection and then fall down to the
level of projection (ground).

T = 2 vi sin Ө
g

Experiment:-
Suppose a projectile is fired at an angle Ө with the
horizontal +x axis with an initial velocity vi.

At any instant the velocity of the projectile has two

components
1. Horizontal Component.
2. Vertical component.
It has been observed that the horizontal component of
the velocity does not change since the acceleration is zero.
We can find the horizontal displacement at any instant
by the formula

x – x0 = (vi cos Ө) ×
t
Acceleration along y axis is equal to –g.
At any instant we can find the vertical distance by formula

y - y0 = (vi sinӨ)t – ½ gt²

Then we have to find the
 1. Range of projectile.

Apparatus:-
1. Spring gun setup.
2. Spring gun ball.
3. Two meter stick.
4. 2 Bench clumps.
5. Gun mounted on the frame with the protector.

Calculations:-
When

θ = 0°

. h=10cm=.10m

NO OF R1 R2 R3 R4 R avg Vo = R √g/2h
OBS. (m) (m) (m) (m ) (m ) ( m /s )

1. . 46 . 40 . 38 . 40 . 39 2.73

Now
NO θ° V0 h R1 R2 R3 R avg
OF (degrees) (m/s) R=Vo²cosθ(sinθ+√(sin²θ+2hg/Vo) (m) (m) (m)
(m )
(m)
OBS.
) g
(m)

1. 5° 2.7 .16 .77 .71 .70 .81 .74

3

2. 7° 2.7 .17 0.87 .91 .85 .86 .87

3

3. 10 ° 2.7 .21 1.00 1.0 .95 1.0 1.0

3 8 0 1

4. 15° 2.7 .25 1.29 1.3 1.28 1.2 1.2

3 2 7 9

Conclusion:-
When angle was 05 °, 07 °, 10 °, 15°, the
range was 0. 39 m, 0.77m, 0.87m,1.00m,1.29m.So, it is
proved that range is a function of angle of incline
plane with the horizontal .