Project 6

SOWK 300 Computer Applications in the Social Sciences Spring 2010

Amanda Powe Section 01 TTH

Spanking Survey Bivariate Hypotheses Conclusions

Description of the Problem
There are a number of ways and causes of pain being inflicted on individuals
varying by nation. In the United States thousands of cases go before courts
dealing with the mistreatment of children. Children are victims of abuse,
both verbal and physical. It can be argued that though there are a number of
different ways that families can discipline their children, spanking becomes
the easiest form of punishment. Cases are reviewed by judges social
workers and the latter, but the result usually turns out the same. Is spanking
and or corporal punishment a good way to discipline your children? Though
many agree and disagree with a strategic mindset, we have taken a closer
look at certain variables that may affect certain attitudes about spanking.
Rationale
When including this question in the survey, I understood that there might be
some type of correlation on the subject. The reality is that this question
could be a question that requires closer observation under a different study.
When comparing the questions to the independent variables, there may be a depiction
of priority that is shown through in age and gender. More males may be able to relate
to questions dealing with the future of spanking children and how they were affected
by it. Classification may cause a different level of interest in the topic of the future of
spanking children. Students may not be thinking of the future and may be bored by
the survey all together. Students may not be as truthful as other populations when
dealing with the independent variables. Students may not want any connection to the
data and may be forced to choose something by their own force of habit. The
information contained in the survey may all be answered by the students unless there
is a brief moment of inquiry for any of the questions. Overall the identity of the
students may be difficult to believe because of issues with privacy.
Age of Respondents Q4: Do you think it is okay Q4 : Do you think its ok to
0% 0% to spank children as a spank by age by Male
After completing Project #1 there are a series of conversations that I can have
when dealing with the student body here at Tuskegee University. The
University homes students of all ages. The campus has a majority of students
that are under 21. The survey that was conducted showed that outcomes are
not always what you think. When looking at my bivariate hypotheses and
multivariate hypotheses you have to almost think outside of the box of
predictability. When you are able to work your way through research to find
out your information was simply guesses that may have totally different turn
outs.
When looking back at the data for the assignment the large differences were
mostly dealing with Age, Gender, and Classification
Overall the multivariate information really helped me to see that there was
absolutely great comparisons to be made when you look at more than on
variable at a time. The information that was developed in bivariate charts and
was helpful in making pie charts and presenting the data in a professional

Attitudes by percent (Say

means of discipline? Respondents manner.
This question show that it is a branch question that takes you to a different 15% Under 21 20
20% 15
Spanking children still seems to be up in the air. From my personal
realm of the subject at hand. The way in which the information is tabulated 21-24
10 observation there was a large number of people that agree with the tactic and

yes)
shows that most respondents were truthful and serious about the answer in 21% 25-40 Yes 5 some people. The fact that the questionnaire questions were wonderful
64% 41-54 Yes
which they received. The students who were involved in the survey were No 0 questions to ask. But the questions should have been asked differently to cut
55 and Over 80% No
able to use items like these items to guide them through the survey. This down on confusion.
item was not trick and had a good number of respondents on it.
Age of Respondent
Figure_1.a Figure_1.bBivariate Figure_1.c
Univariate Analysis Analysis Multivariate Analysis

Univariate Hypotheses
The data is expected to show that students on campus feel that spanking is a
means of discipline that is ok and acceptable for future generations. The
students in the survey will vary by classification but the most surveyed will
be freshmen females, because they dominate the campus. The information
in the results will not show any biases because of the population that is
being surveyed. Outcomes dealing with the set of questions will show that
spanking is well accepted in the Black community and should not be thought
of as harsh behavior. The students will speak from experience and will more
than likely be truthful with the dependent variable rather than the
independent variables.
Multivariate Hypotheses
•In order to understand the results of the multivariate section of analysis, one must
understand exactly what the independent variable mean to the survey in order to choose
points of observation. Students information will definitely show through multivariate
analysis. The students who were not as truthful will be forgotten because the results will
be compiled into more than one series. The amount of students that believe in spanking
will be high and the amount of males surveyed may be low but their ideas will be concrete
on all ends. The students may not show much interest in question 4 which will show some
type of error because of their knowledge on the subject.
References
1. Ellis, A. (1995). Recent Work on Punishment. The Philosophical Quarterly,
45(179), 225-233. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2220422
2. Hampton, J. (1984). The Moral Education Theory of Punishment. Philosophy
and Public Affairs, 13(3), 208-238. Retrieved from
http://www.jstor.org/stable/2265412
3. Pickford, R. W. (1947). Psychological Aspects of Punishment. Chicago
Journals, 58(94), 1-17. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2378732
4. Shahak, I. (1974). Punishment of the Innocent. Journal of Palestine Studies,
4(1), 181-186. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/pss/2716487
5. Starobin, R. (1968). Disciplining Industrial Slaves in the Old South. Journal
of Negro History, 53(2), 111-128. Retrieved from
http://www.jstor.org/stable/2716487
LOGO
Project 7 LOGO
SOWK 300 Computer Applications in the Social Sciences Spring 2010
Amanda Powe Section 01 TTh

2001 Youth Risk Behavior Discussion of Results Conclusions

Hypothesis
When studies were done on students in grade school, questions were
asked to develop knowledge on youth and at risk behavior. The
questions varied from whether or not the student has smoked before, to
their involvement in physical fights. There will be a direct correlation
between the gender of students tat participate in at risk behavior at
young ages. There will also be relationship between the students race,
gender, and the amount of times that that have participated in at risk
behavior. There will be more males that participate in at risk behavior.
There will also be more minorities that participate in at risk behavior at
young ages.
Rationale
The independent variable Gender will effect the mount of times in
which a student was in a physical fight. I think that the gender of
student that is young determines the types of behavior that they will
partake in. Male students are taught to be “macho” and stand up for
themselves in some instances. Female students are taught to act in a
civilized way, that does not includes, not showing too much emotional
anger. These actions will effect the amount of times the students were
involved in a physical fight.
Discussion
Previously stated, gender would have an affect on the amount of times that R was in a
physical fight. The results show that in the bivariate case dealing with the two
variables number of times in physical fight counted as the at risk behavior. The
gender of the respondent counted the independent variable. There were a number of
females surprisingly that participated in at risk behavior 0-3times. More male students
overall throughout the whole study participated in at risk behavior. The females were
close to the percentage of males but not as high.
Students that are participants of at risk behavior are more likely to be minorities. The
study shows that the students that were Hispanic had a large number of females who
were active in at risk behavior. Students that were Hispanic showed low numbers in
relation to the study as a whole. Hispanic students showed like activity in at risk
behavior. This result could be further digested by looking in the amount of
participants in the study that answered other. The respondents in the multivariate
analysis were all Hispanic and this group showed that the hypotheses was untrue when
stated at the start of this report. The reasoning behind the low percentage of minorities
who participated in the study could later be investigated. The investigation can cover
the area and background information of the school. The student population may have
had a small number of minorities enrolled.
Overall this study could have a large amount of error because of the
population's of the school. Where their may have been a large
percentage of males surveyed, there may not have been a large amount
of minorities involved in the study. Thought the results prove that there
were a large number of males that participated in at risk behavior,
physical fights may not have been the best variable to use for detecting
at risk behavior. The study used other variables, such as amount of
times R smoked etc. Though physical fights are in part horrible
situations for young students, there is no guarantee that the student
surveyed was the student that was the aggressor. The variable chose
could have background information that needs to be identified in order
to make any assumptions about the amount of at risk behavior that
certain students participate in.

When adding the control variable to the equation of the dependent and
independent variable. Students that are in certain areas are minorities.
It is assumed that minorities have harsh physical behavior. It is also
assumed that the control variable race has a lot to do with actions and
reactions. Minorities are thought of as being comprised in areas that
are low income and oriented with gangs. Thought this is not always the
case I wanted to work to prove that this is merely an assumption
derived by stereotypes created by our communities and society itself.
When assumptions are made studies such as this one can form,
confirm, or prove them wrong.
Figure_1.a Bivariate Figure_1.b Example Figure_1c Multivariate
Crosstabs of at Risk Behavior in Crosstabs
Children References
Types of At Risk Behavior Resources for at Risk Behavior 1. 2001 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (Student Server)
•Physical Fights 2. http://Cbsnews.com
•Neglecting to use Seatbelt •www.at-risk.org/ 3. http://image.volunteersolutions.org/images/cache/000/010/238
•Smoking Cigarettes or other illegal drugs •www.familyfirstaid.org/at-risk-youth.html /327/10238327274.jpg
•Consuming Alcohol •www.centerforyouth.org/page.aspx?id=49380 4. www.ilrinc.com
•Carrying a hand gun •educationnorthwest.org/nmc
Figure 1.b Shows an example of teens participating in at risk •www.bgca.org/
behavior.