4221BinStore

Thebinstorefoundationsandsuperstructureshavebeen
designed. Summary sketches are included here however for
detailed construction drawings please see Structa Drawings.

Thefollowingelementsareincludedinthisappendice:
1) Designofraftslabelementsincludingbeamsandslab.
2) Piledfoundations
FOUNDATIONS
SUPERSTRUCTURE
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

WindLoadCalculation
LintelCheck
ColumnCheck
Masonryverticalcheck
Masonrypierlateralcheck

Job Ref.

Project

4221 Cardington Bin Store Raft Slab Beam

4221

Section

structa llp

Sheet no./rev.

4.3m Simply Supported Beam

Calc. by

jh

Date

Chk'd by

1
Date

App'd by

Date

15/12/2015

RC BEAM DESIGN (BS8110)

TEDDS calculation version 2.1.12

Rectangular section details

Section width;

b = 450 mm

Section depth;

h = 450 mm

Concrete details
Concrete strength class;

C32/40

Characteristic compressive cube strength;

fcu = 40 N/mm2

Modulus of elasticity of concrete;

2
2
Ec = 20kN/mm + 200 fcu = 28000 N/mm

Maximum aggregate size;

hagg = 20 mm

Reinforcement details
Characteristic yield strength of reinforcement;

fy = 500 N/mm2
2

Characteristic yield strength of shear reinforcement; fyv = 500 N/mm

Nominal cover to reinforcement
Nominal cover to top reinforcement;

cnom_t = 35 mm

Nominal cover to bottom reinforcement;

cnom_b = 40 mm

Nominal cover to side reinforcement;

cnom_s = 40 mm

Design moment resistance of rectangular section (cl. 3.4.4) - Positive moment

Design bending moment;

M = 84 kNm

Depth to tension reinforcement;

d = h - cnom_b - v - bot / 2 = 392 mm

Redistribution ratio;

b = 1.000
2
K = M / (b d fcu) = 0.030

K' = 0.156
K' > K - No compression reinforcement is required
Lever arm;

0.5
z = min(d (0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9) ), 0.95 d) = 372 mm

Depth of neutral axis;

x = (d - z) / 0.45 = 44 mm

Area of tension reinforcement required;

As,req = M / (0.87 fy z) = 519 mm

Tension reinforcement provided;

4 16 bars

Area of tension reinforcement provided;

As,prov = 804 mm2

Minimum area of reinforcement;

As,min = 0.0013 b h = 263 mm

Maximum area of reinforcement;

As,max = 0.04 b h = 8100 mm

PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

Rectangular section in shear
Design shear force ;

V = 68 kN

Design shear stress;

v = V / (b d) = 0.385 N/mm2

Job Ref.

Project

4221 Cardington Bin Store Raft Slab Beam

structa llp

Section

4221
Sheet no./rev.

4.3m Simply Supported Beam

Calc. by

jh

Date

Chk'd by

2
Date

App'd by

Date

15/12/2015
vc = 0.79 min(3,[100 As,prov / (b d)]1/3) max(1, (400 /d)1/4)

Design concrete shear stress;

(min(fcu, 40) / 25)1/3 / m

vc = 0.572 N/mm2
Allowable design shear stress;

2
2 0.5
2
2
vmax = min(0.8 N/mm (fcu/1 N/mm ) , 5 N/mm ) = 5.000 N/mm

Value of v from Table 3.7;

2
0.5 vc < v < (vc + 0.4 N/mm )

Design shear resistance required;

vs = max(v - vc, 0.4 N/mm2) = 0.400 N/mm2

Area of shear reinforcement required;

2
Asv,req = vs b / (0.87 fyv) = 414 mm /m

PASS - Design shear stress is less than maximum allowable

Shear reinforcement provided;

2 10 legs at 275 c/c

Area of shear reinforcement provided;

Asv,prov = 571 mm2/m

PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
svl,max = 0.75 d = 294 mm

Maximum longitudinal spacing;

PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum

Spacing of reinforcement (cl 3.12.11)
Actual distance between bars in tension;

s = (b - 2 (cnom_s + v + bot/2)) /(Nbot - 1) - bot = 95 mm

Minimum distance between bars in tension (cl 3.12.11.1)

Minimum distance between bars in tension;

smin = hagg + 5 mm = 25 mm
PASS - Satisfies the minimum spacing criteria

Maximum distance between bars in tension (cl 3.12.11.2)

Design service stress;

fs = (2 fy As,req) / (3 As,prov b) = 214.9 N/mm2

Maximum distance between bars in tension;

smax = min(47000 N/mm / fs, 300 mm) = 219 mm

PASS - Satisfies the maximum spacing criteria

Project

Job Ref.

4221 Cardington Bin Store Raft Slab

Section

structa llp

4221
Sheet no./rev.

Bin Store Slab

Calc. by

Date

jh

Chk'd by

1
Date

App'd by

Date

15/12/2015

RC SLAB DESIGN (BS8110:PART1:1997)

TEDDS calculation version 1.0.04

CONCRETE SLAB DESIGN (CL 3.5.3 & 4)

SIMPLE ONE WAY SPANNING SLAB DEFINITION
;

Overall depth of slab; h = 175 mm

Cover to tension reinforcement resisting sagging; c b = 40 mm

Trial bar diameter; Dtryx = 10 mm

Depth to tension steel (resisting sagging)
dx = h - cb - Dtryx/2 = 130 mm
2

Characteristic strength of reinforcement; fy = 500 N/mm

Characteristic strength of concrete; fcu = 30 N/mm

dx

Asy

Nominal 1 m width

Asx

One-way spanning slab

(simple)
ONE WAY SPANNING SLAB (CL 3.5.4)
MAXIMUM DESIGN MOMENTS IN SPAN
;

Design sagging moment (per m width of slab); msx = 14.0 kNm/m

CONCRETE SLAB DESIGN SAGGING OUTER LAYER OF STEEL (CL 3.5.4)

;

Design sagging moment (per m width of slab); msx = 14.0 kNm/m

Moment Redistribution Factor; bx = 1.0

Area of reinforcement required

;;

Kx = abs(msx) / ( dx fcu ) = 0.028

2

K'x = min (0.156 , (0.402 (bx - 0.4)) - (0.18 (bx - 0.4) )) = 0.156
2

Outer compression steel not required to resist sagging

One-way Spanning Slab requiring tension steel only (sagging) - mesh
;;

zx = min (( 0.95 dx),(dx(0.5+0.25-Kx/0.9)))) = 124 mm

Neutral axis depth; xx = (dx - zx) / 0.45 = 14 mm

Area of tension steel required

;;;

Asx_req = abs(msx) / (1/ms fy zx) = 261 mm /m

Tension steel

Project

Job Ref.

4221 Cardington Bin Store Raft Slab

4221

Section

structa llp

Sheet no./rev.

Bin Store Slab

Calc. by

Date

jh

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

15/12/2015

;;Use A393 Mesh;

2
2
Asx_prov = Asl = 393 mm /m; Asy_prov = Ast = 393 mm /m
Dx = dsl = 10 mm; Dy = dst = 10 mm
Area of tension steel provided sufficient to resist sagging
Check min and max areas of steel resisting sagging
2
;Total area of concrete; Ac = h = 175000 mm /m
;

Minimum % reinforcement; k = 0.13 %

Ast_min = k Ac = 228 mm /m
2

Ast_max = 4 % Ac = 7000 mm /m
2

Steel defined:
;

Outer steel resisting sagging; Asx_prov = 393 mm /m

Area of outer steel provided (sagging) OK

Inner steel resisting sagging; Asy_prov = 393 mm /m

Area of inner steel provided (sagging) OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE OF CONCRETE SLABS (CL 3.5.5)

Outer tension steel resisting sagging moments
;

Depth to tension steel from compression face; dx = 130 mm

Area of tension reinforcement provided (per m width of slab); A sx_prov = 393 mm /m

Design ultimate shear force (per m width of slab); Vx = 18 kN/m

Characteristic strength of concrete; fcu = 30 N/mm

Applied shear stress

2

vx = Vx / dx = 0.14 N/mm

Check shear stress to clause 3.5.5.2

vallowable = min ((0.8 N /mm) (fcu ), 5 N/mm ) = 4.38 N/mm
1/2

Shear stress - OK
Shear stresses to clause 3.5.5.3
Design shear stress
2

fcu_ratio = if (fcu > 40 N/mm , 40/25 , fcu/(25 N/mm )) = 1.200

vcx = 0.79 N/mm min(3,100 Asx_prov / dx)
2

vcx = 0.60 N/mm

1/3

max(0.67,(400 mm / dx) ) / 1.25 fcu_ratio

1/4

1/3

Applied shear stress

vx = 0.14 N/mm

No shear reinforcement required

CONCRETE SLAB DEFLECTION CHECK (CL 3.5.7)
;

Slab span length; lx = 3.000 m

Design ultimate moment in shorter span per m width; msx = 14 kNm/m

Depth to outer tension steel; dx = 130 mm

Tension steel

Area of outer tension reinforcement provided; Asx_prov = 393 mm /m

Project

Job Ref.

4221 Cardington Bin Store Raft Slab

structa llp

4221

Section

Sheet no./rev.

Bin Store Slab

Calc. by

Date

jh

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

15/12/2015
2

Area of tension reinforcement required; Asx_req = 261 mm /m

Moment Redistribution Factor; bx = 1.00

Modification Factors
;Basic span / effective depth ratio (Table 3.9); ratio span_depth = 20
The modification factor for spans in excess of 10m (ref. cl 3.4.6.4) has not been included.
;fs = 2 fy Asx_req / (3 Asx_prov bx ) = 221.1 N/mm

factortens = min ( 2 , 0.55 + ( 477 N/mm - fs ) / ( 120 ( 0.9 N/mm + msx / dx ))) = 1.784
2

Calculate Maximum Span

This is a simplified approach and further attention should be given where special circumstances exist. Refer to clauses
3.4.6.4 and 3.4.6.7.
Maximum span; lmax = ratiospan_depth factortens dx = 4.64 m
Check the actual beam span
Actual span/depth ratio; lx / dx = 23.08
Span depth limit; ratiospan_depth factortens = 35.67
Span/Depth ratio check satisfied
CHECK OF NOMINAL COVER (SAGGING) (BS8110:PT 1, TABLE 3.4)
;

Slab thickness; h = 175 mm

Effective depth to bottom outer tension reinforcement; d x = 130.0 mm

Diameter of tension reinforcement; Dx = 10 mm

Diameter of links; Ldiax = 0 mm

Cover to outer tension reinforcement

ctenx = h - dx - Dx / 2 = 40.0 mm
Nominal cover to links steel
cnomx = ctenx - Ldiax = 40.0 mm
Permissable minimum nominal cover to all reinforcement (Table 3.4)
;

cmin = 35 mm
Cover over steel resisting sagging OK

;
;

Project

Job Ref.

4221 Cardington Bin Store Superstructure

Section

structa llp

4221
Sheet no./rev.

Lintel Check
Calc. by

Date

jh

Chk'd by

1
Date

App'd by

Date

11/12/2015

THIS LINTEL IS SUPPORTING ROOF ONLY. THE WORST CASE SPAN OF 3.8 M HAS BEEN USED FOR THIS
CHECK. THE LINTEL IS ASSUMED TO BE SIMPLY SUPPORTED. LOADS ON THE BEAM ARE :
Load per metre run = Roof Area Load x Worst Case Roof Span
These loads can be found in previous hand calculations (Bin Store Loads)
Dead Load = 1.14 x 3 = 3.42 Kilonewtons per metre
Live Load = .75 x 3 = 2.25 Kilonewtons per metre
The loads have been left as unfactored as TEDDS converts these values to ultimate limit state.
Please Note :
The client has specified 120x80 RHS section be used and hence this calculation is used to check the adequacy of such a
section.
STEEL BEAM ANALYSIS & DESIGN (BS5950)
In accordance with BS5950-1:2000 incorporating Corrigendum No.1
TEDDS calculation version 3.0.05
Load Envelope - Com bination 1
8.590

0.0
mm
A

3400
1

Support conditions
Support A

Vertically restrained
Rotationally free

Support B

Vertically restrained
Rotationally free

Project

Job Ref.

4221 Cardington Bin Store Superstructure

structa llp

4221

Section

Sheet no./rev.

Lintel Check
Calc. by

jh

Date

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

11/12/2015

Applied loading
Beam loads

Dead self weight of beam 1

roof - Dead full UDL 3.42 kN/m
roof - Imposed full UDL 2.25 kN/m

Load combinations
Load combination 1

Dead 1.40

Support A

Imposed 1.60
Dead 1.40

Span 1

Imposed 1.60
Dead 1.40

Support B

Imposed 1.60
Analysis results
Maximum moment;

Mmax = 12.4 kNm;

Mmin = 0 kNm

Maximum shear;

Vmax = 14.6 kN;

Vmin = -14.6 kN

Deflection;

max = 5.2 mm;

min = 0 mm

Maximum reaction at support A;

RA_max = 14.6 kN;

RA_min = 14.6 kN

Unfactored dead load reaction at support A;

RA_Dead = 6.1 kN

Unfactored imposed load reaction at support A;

RA_Imposed = 3.8 kN

Maximum reaction at support B;

RB_max = 14.6 kN;

Unfactored dead load reaction at support B;

RB_Dead = 6.1 kN

Unfactored imposed load reaction at support B;

RB_Imposed = 3.8 kN

RB_min = 14.6 kN

Section details
Section type;

RHS 120x80x5.0 (Tata Steel Celsius)

Steel grade;

S275

From table 9: Design strength py

Thickness of element;

t = 5.0 mm

Design strength;

py = 275 N/mm

Modulus of elasticity;

E = 205000 N/mm

2
2

Lateral restraint
Span 1 has full lateral restraint

Date

Project

Job Ref.

4221 Cardington Bin Store Superstructure

structa llp

4221

Section

Sheet no./rev.

Lintel Check
Calc. by

jh

Date

Chk'd by

3
Date

App'd by

Date

11/12/2015

Effective length factors

Effective length factor in major axis;

Kx = 1.00

Effective length factor in minor axis;

Ky = 1.00

Effective length factor for lateral-torsional buckling; KLT.A = 1.00;

KLT.B = 1.00;
Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5
= [275 N/mm / py] = 1.00
2

Web - major axis - Table 12

Depth of section;

d= D - 3 t = 105 mm
d / t = 21.0 <= 64 ;

Class 1 plastic

Flange - major axis - Table 12

Width of section;

b = B - 3 t = 65 mm
b / t = 13.0 <= min(28 , 80 - d / t);

Class 1 plastic
Section is class 1 plastic

Shear capacity - Section 4.2.3

Design shear force;

Fv = max(abs(Vmax), abs(Vmin)) = 14.6 kN

(D - 3 t) / t < 70
Web does not need to be checked for shear buckling

Shear area;

Av = A D / (D + B) = 1124 mm

Design shear resistance;

Pv = 0.6 py Av = 185.4 kN

PASS - Design shear resistance exceeds design shear force

Moment capacity - Section 4.2.5
Design bending moment;

M = max(abs(Ms1_max), abs(Ms1_min)) = 12.4 kNm

Moment capacity low shear - cl.4.2.5.2;

Mc = min(py Sxx, 1.2 py Zxx) = 20.1 kNm

PASS - Moment capacity exceeds design bending moment

Check vertical deflection - Section 2.5.2

Consider deflection due to imposed loads
Limiting deflection;;

lim = Ls1 / 360 = 9.444 mm

Maximum deflection span 1;

= max(abs(max), abs(min)) = 5.227 mm

PASS - Maximum deflection does not exceed deflection limit

In the clients sections an RHS section has been specified with a bottom plate. It is recommended the bottom plate is not
required and the lintel to be sat on the outer leaf to support the roof. This will eliminate torsion issues.

Job Ref.

Project

4221 Cardington Refuse Store Super Structure

Section

structa llp

4221
Sheet no./rev.

Column Check
Calc. by

Date

jh

Chk'd by

1
Date

App'd by

Date

11/12/2015

THE FOLLOWING CALCULATION IS A CHECK ON THE PROPOSED BIN STORE COLUMNS SUPPORTING ROOF.
THE ROOF LAOD SUPPRTED BY EACH COLUMN HAVE BEEN CONVERTED INTO A RESULTANT AXIAL
COMPRESSION LOAD AND INPUT INTO TEDDS. THE CLIENT HAS SPECIFIED A 100X100 SHS POST BE USED
AND HENCE THIS CALCULATION IS A CHECK ON THE ADEQUACY OF THE SECTION.
THE ROOF LOADS USED CAN BE FOUND IN THE HAND CALCS TITLED BIN STORE LOADS
EACH COLUMN IS TAKING 1.5M OF ROOF.
THE LOADINGS FOR THE PURPOSE OF THIS CALCULATION HAVE BEEN FACTORED TO ULTIMATE LOADS.
AXIAL LOAD ON COLUMN = 1.5(DL+LL) X 1.5M X ROOF SPAN
= 1.5(1.14+.75) X1.5X3
= 6 KILONEWTONS
WIND LOADS ARE PRESENT AT THE SITE. PLEASE SEE PREVIOUS CALCULATION TITLED WIND LOADS FOR THE
DETERMINATION OF THE WIND PRESSURE AT THE SITE.
DUE TO THE FACT THAT THERE IS STEEL MESH EITHER SIDE OF THE COLUMNS; THEREFORE THE WIND LOAD
ON THE COLUMN WILL BE NEGLIGIBLE. FOR THE PURPOSE OF THIS CALCULATION A CONSERVATIVE VALUE
ON 5 KILONEWTONS PER METRE AND 5KN HAVE BEEN USED FOR THE MOMENTS AND SHEARS INDUCED
LATERALLY ON THE PIER.

STEEL MEMBER DESIGN (BS5950)

In accordance with BS5950-1:2000 incorporating Corrigendum No.1
TEDDS calculation version 3.0.05

Section details
Section type;

SHS 100x100x4.0 (Tata Steel Celsius)

Steel grade;

S275

From table 9: Design strength py

Thickness of element;

t = 4.0 mm

Design strength;

py = 275 N/mm2

Modulus of elasticity;

E = 205000 N/mm

Job Ref.

Project

4221 Cardington Refuse Store Super Structure

structa llp

4221

Section

Sheet no./rev.

Column Check
Calc. by

jh

Date

Chk'd by

2
Date

App'd by

Date

11/12/2015

Lateral restraint
Distance between major axis restraints;

Lx = 2000 mm

Distance between minor axis restraints;

Ly = 2000 mm

Effective length factors

Effective length factor in major axis;

Kx = 1.00

Effective length factor in minor axis;

Ky = 1.00

Effective length factor for lateral-torsional buckling; KLT = 3.00;

Classification of cross sections - Section 3.5
= [275 N/mm2 / py] = 1.00
Web - major axis - Table 12
Depth of section;

d= D - 3 t = 88 mm
r1 = min(Fc / (2 d t pyw), 1) = 0.031

Stress ratios;

r2 = Fc / (A pyw) = 0.014
d / t = 22.0 <= max(64 / (1 + r1), 40 );

Class 1 plastic

Flange - major axis - Table 12

Width of section;

b = B - 3 t = 88 mm
b / t = 22.0 <= 40 ;

Class 3 semi-compact

Web - minor axis - Table 12

Depth of section;

d= B - 3 t = 88 mm

Stress ratios;

r1 = min(Fc / (2 d t pyw), 1) = 0.031

r2 = Fc / (A pyw) = 0.014
d / t = 22.0 <= max(64 / (1 + r1), 40 );

Class 1 plastic

Flange - minor axis - Table 12

Width of section;

b = D - 3 t = 88 mm
b / t = 22.0 <= 40 ;

Class 3 semi-compact
Section is class 3 semi-compact

Shear capacity (parallel to y-axis) - Section 4.2.3

Design shear force;

Fy,v = 5 kN
(D - 3 t) / t < 70
Web does not need to be checked for shear buckling

Shear area;

Av = A D / (D + B) = 759 mm2

Design shear resistance;

Py,v = 0.6 py Av = 125.3 kN

PASS - Design shear resistance exceeds design shear force

Shear capacity (parallel to x-axis) - Section 4.2.3

Design shear force;

Fx,v = 0 kN

Moment capacity major (x-x) axis - Section 4.2.5

Design bending moment;

Mx = 5 kNm

Effective plastic modulus - Section 3.5.6

Limiting value for class 2 compact flange;

2f = min(32 , 62 - 0.5 d / t) = 32

Limiting value for class 3 semi-compact flange;

3f = 40 = 40

Limiting value for class 2 compact web;

2w = max(80 / (1 + r1), 40 ) = 77.595

Limiting value for class 3 semi-compact web;

3w = max(120 / (1 + 2 r2), 40 ) = 116.649

Effective plastic modulus - cl.3.5.6.3

Seff = min(Z + (S - Z) min([(3w / (d / t) - 1) / (3w / 2w - 1)], [(3f / (b / t) - 1) / (3f / 2f - 1)]), S) = 54444 mm3

Job Ref.

Project

4221 Cardington Refuse Store Super Structure

structa llp

Section

4221
Sheet no./rev.

Column Check
Calc. by

jh

Date

Chk'd by

3
Date

App'd by

Date

11/12/2015
Mcx = min(py Seff, 1.2 py Z) = 15 kNm

Moment capacity low shear - cl.4.2.5.2;

Effective length for lateral-torsional buckling - Section 4.3.5

Effective length for lateral torsional buckling;

LE = 3.0 Ly = 6000 mm

Slenderness ratio;

= LE / ryy = 153.581

Equivalent slenderness - Annex B.2.6.1

J = 3611034 mm4

Torsion constant;

b = (1 - Iyy / Ixx) (1 - J / (2.6 Ixx)) = 0.000

b = [Sxx2 b / (A J)]0.5 = 0.000
W = Seff / Sxx = 1.000

Ratio - cl.4.3.6.9;
Equivalent slenderness;

LT = 2.25 [b W] = 0.000

Limiting slenderness - Annex B.2.2;

2
0.5
L0 = 0.4 ( E / py) = 34.310

LT < L0 - No allowance need be made for lateral-torsional buckling

Buckling resistance moment - Section 4.3.6.4
Bending strength;

pb = py = 275 N/mm2

Buckling resistance moment;

Mb = pb Seff = 15 kNm
PASS - Moment capacity exceeds design bending moment

Moment capacity minor (y-y) axis - Section 4.2.5

Design bending moment;

My = 5 kNm

Effective plastic modulus - Section 3.5.6

Limiting value for class 2 compact flange;

2f = min(32 , 62 - 0.5 d / t) = 32

Limiting value for class 3 semi-compact flange;

3f = 40 = 40

Limiting value for class 2 compact web;

2w = max(80 / (1 + r1), 40 ) = 77.595

Limiting value for class 3 semi-compact web;

3w = max(120 / (1 + 2 r2), 40 ) = 116.649

Effective plastic modulus - cl.3.5.6.3

Seff = min(Z + (S - Z) min([(3w / (d / t) - 1) / (3w / 2w - 1)], [(3f / (b / t) - 1) / (3f / 2f - 1)]), S) = 54444 mm3
Moment capacity low shear - cl.4.2.5.2;

Mcy = min(py Seff, 1.2 py Z) = 15 kNm

PASS - Moment capacity exceeds design bending moment

Compression members - Section 4.7

Design compression force;

Fc = 6 kN

Effective length for major (x-x) axis buckling - Section 4.7.3

Effective length for buckling;

LEx = Lx Kx = 2000 mm

Slenderness ratio - cl.4.7.2;

x = LEx / rxx = 51.194

Compressive strength - Section 4.7.5

Limiting slenderness;

2
0.5
0 = 0.2 ( E / py) = 17.155

Strut curve - Table 23;

Robertson constant;

x = 2.0

Perry factor;

x = x (x - 0) / 1000 = 0.068

Euler stress;

2
2
2
pEx = E / x = 772 N/mm

x = (py + (x + 1) pEx) / 2 = 549.8 N/mm2

Compressive strength - Annex C.1;

2
0.5
2
pcx = pEx py / (x + (x - pEx py) ) = 249.9 N/mm

Compression resistance - Section 4.7.4

Compression resistance - cl.4.7.4;

Pcx = A pcx = 379.5 kN

PASS - Compression resistance exceeds design compression force

Job Ref.

Project

4221 Cardington Refuse Store Super Structure

structa llp

4221

Section

Sheet no./rev.

Column Check
Calc. by

Date

jh

Chk'd by

4
Date

App'd by

Date

11/12/2015

Effective length for minor (y-y) axis buckling - Section 4.7.3

Effective length for buckling;

LEy = Ly Ky = 2000 mm

Slenderness ratio - cl.4.7.2;

y = LEy / ryy = 51.194

Compressive strength - Section 4.7.5

Limiting slenderness;

0 = 0.2 (2 E / py)0.5 = 17.155

Strut curve - Table 23;

Robertson constant;

y = 2.0

Perry factor;

y = y (y - 0) / 1000 = 0.068

Euler stress;

2
2
2
pEy = E / y = 772 N/mm

y = (py + (y + 1) pEy) / 2 = 549.8 N/mm

Compressive strength - Annex C.1;

pcy = pEy py / (y + (y2 - pEy py)0.5) = 249.9 N/mm2

Compression resistance - Section 4.7.4

Compression resistance - cl.4.7.4;

Pcy = A pcy = 379.5 kN

PASS - Compression resistance exceeds design compression force

Compression members with moments - Section 4.8.3

Comb.compression & bending check - cl.4.8.3.2;

Fc / (A py) + Mx / Mcx + My / Mcy = 0.682

PASS - Combined bending and compression check is satisfied

Member buckling resistance - Section 4.8.3.3

Max major axis moment governing Mb;

MLT = Mx = 5.00 kNm

Equivalent uniform moment factor for major axis flexural buckling;

mx = 1.000
my = 1.000
Buckling resistance checks - cl.4.8.3.3.3;

Fc / Pcx + mx Mx / Mcx (1 + 0.5 Fc / Pcx) + 0.5 myx My / Mcy =

0.519
Fc / Pcy + 0.5 mLT MLT / Mcx + my My / Mcy (1 +0.5 Fc / Pcy) =
0.519

Interactive buckling;

mx Mx (1 + 0.5 (Fc / Pcx)) / (Mcx (1 - Fc / Pcx)) + my My (1 +

0.5 (Fc / Pcy)) / (Mcy (1 - Fc / Pcy)) = 0.684
PASS - Member buckling resistance checks are satisfied

A 100x100 SHS Section is adquate

4221

BINSTOREMASONRYCHECK

JH

MasonryDesigntoBS5628
Geometricproperties
b
t
PierArea
h
h,eff
t,eff
eccentricity
<0.05t

0.44 m
0.215 m
0.0946

opening1
smallarea
Cl19.1.2 factorapplies

2.013 m
2.013 m
200 mm

2.32

S.A.F

Cl24.3.2.1
enhancedresistance?
assuming300mmcavitywall

= 0.9741378
Table7Cl28.2.3

opening2

2.32

0.8419

no

m= 3.5
Table4,Cl23.3

Loadtakedown
DL(kN/m^2) LL(kN/m^2)
roof
1.14
0.75

Distance(m)
2.1

DL
LL
2.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.39
3.35
5.6 kN/m

Factored
totalpierload

w=sumofloadtakedown*(b+opening1/2+opening2/2)
w=
15.5 kN
beamreaction=
kN
w=
15.510096
DVLR=btfk/m
fkrequired= m*w/*b*t*S.A.F
=
0.70
N/mm

1.42
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.42
2.27

Fromtable2d
brickstrength
fk(N/mm)
5
2.5
20
5
50
8.4
Thereforeusemasonry
20
N/mmFk=
5
75
10.5
strength
100
12.3
OK
therefore
125
14
(mortardesignationclassiii)
Eccentricityargument
everythingconcentricexcept1stfloor
concentricloading
eccentricloading
DL
LL
DL
LL

0.00
0.00

2.39
1.42
factored
0.00
0.00 factored
3.35
2.27

0.00 kN/m

5.62 kN/m
/
5.77
fkrequired=

5.77
m*w/b*t*S.A.F
w=
15.92
fkrequired=
0.70 N/mm
<
5 OK

Job Ref.

Project

4221 Cardington Bin Store Superstructure

structa llp

Section

4221
Sheet no./rev.

Lateral Pier Check

Calc. by

jh

Date

Chk'd by

1
Date

App'd by

Date

11/12/2015

THIS CALCULATION IS A LATERAL CHECK ON THE SMALL MASONRY PIER ON THE BIN STORE. IT IS
CANTILEVERED OFF THE FOUNDATION AND IS PARTIALLY RESTRAINED AT THE HEAD THROUGH
CONNECTION TO THE ROOF TRUSS. THE WIND LOAD USED CAN BE FOUND IN HAND CALCULATIONS TITLED
BIN STORE WIND LOAD CHECK.
A vertical Load also resists the wind which is created by the roof. This can be found in previeous calculation titled Vertical
Masonry Check. Please note only the dead load has been used as a worst case scenario.
MASONRY WALL PANEL DESIGN TO BS5628:2005
In accordance with BS5628-1:2005
TEDDS calculation version 1.2.08

Masonry panel details

Small Pier - Unreinforced masonry wall without openings
Panel length;

L = 440 mm

Panel height;

h = 2000 mm

Panel support conditions

;

Top and bottom supported, bottom continuous

Effective panel length;

Lef = 2.5 L = 1100 mm

Effective panel height;

hef = 1.0 h = 2000 mm

Single-leaf wall construction details

Wall thickness;

t = 215 mm

Effective wall thickness;

tef = t = 215 mm

Job Ref.

Project

4221 Cardington Bin Store Superstructure

structa llp

Section

4221
Sheet no./rev.

Lateral Pier Check

Calc. by

jh

Date

Chk'd by

2
Date

App'd by

Date

11/12/2015

Masonry details
Masonry type;

Clay bricks having a water absorption less than 7%

Compressive strength of unit;

punit = 20.0 N/mm2

Mortar strength Class/Designation;

M4 / (iii)

Height of masonry units;

hb = 65 mm

Density of masonry;

= 18.0 kN/m

From BS5628-1 Table 2a - Characteristic compressive strength of masonry

Characteristic compressive strength;

fk = (0.7 + 1.5 t L / 1 m2) 5 N/mm2= 4.21 N/mm2

From BS5628-1 Table 3 - Characteristic flexural strength of masonry

Plane of failure parallel to bed joints;

fkx_para = 0.50 N/mm2

Plane of failure perpendicular to bed joints;

fkx_perp = 1.50 N/mm2

Lateral loading details

Characteristic wind load on panel;

Wk = 0.550 kN/m2

Shear loading details

Vertical loading details
Dead load on top of wall;

Gk = 3.35 kN/m;

Partial safety factors for material strength

Category of manufacturing control;

Category II

Category of construction control;

Normal

Partial safety factor for masonry in compression;

mc = 3.50

Partial safety factor for masonry in flexure;

mf = 3.00

Partial safety factor for masonry in shear;

mv = 2.50

Slenderness ratio (cl 24.1)

Allowable slenderness ratio;

SRall = 27

Slenderness ratio;

SR = hef / tef = 9.3

PASS - Slenderness ratio is less than maximum allowable

Vertical loading (cl 28)

Partial safety factors for design loads
Partial safety factor for design dead load;

fG = 1.40

Partial safety factor for design imposed load;

fQ = 1.60

Job Ref.

Project

4221 Cardington Bin Store Superstructure

structa llp

4221

Section

Sheet no./rev.

Lateral Pier Check

Calc. by

Date

jh

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

11/12/2015

Check vertical loads at top of wall

Design vertical load on wall;

Fv = Gk fG + Qk fQ = 4.7 kN/m

Design vertical load stress on wall;

fv = Fv / t = 0.022 N/mm

Design bending moment;

Mv = Gk fG eG + Qk fQ eQ = 0.0 kNm/m

Resultant eccentricity at the top of the wall;

ex = Mv / Fv = 0 mm

From BS5628-1 Table 7 - Capacity reduction factor

Capacity reduction factor;

= 1.00

Allowable stress capacity;

fcap = fk / mc = 1.203 N/mm

PASS - Allowable stress capacity exceeds design vertical load stress on wall
Horizontal loading (cl 32)
Limiting dimensions (cl 32.3)
Limiting wall height;

hmax = 40 tef = 8600 mm

PASS - Limiting wall height is not exceeded

Partial safety factors for design loads

Partial safety factor for design wind load;

fW = 1.40

Partial safety factor for design dead load;

fG = 0.90

Partial safety factor for design imposed load;

fQ = 1.60

Design moments of resistance in panels (cl 32.4.2)

Self weight of wall at base;

Swt = h t = 7.74 kN/m

Design vertical compressive stress;

gd = fG (Gk + Swt) / t = 0.05 N/mm2

Enhanced flexural strength of masonry;

fka_para = fkx_para + mf gd = 0.64 N/mm

Section modulus of wall;

2
3
Z = t / 6 = 7704167 mm /m

Elastic design moment of resistance;

Md = fka_para Z / mf = 1.642 kNm/m

Design moment in panels (cl 32.4.2)

Using elastic analysis to determine bending moment coefficients for a vertically spanning panel
Bending moment coefficient;

= 0.125

Design moment in wall;

2
M = Wk fW h = 0.385 kNm/m

PASS - Resistance moment exceeds design moment