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English Grammar Workbook

Workbook

Ahsan Ahmed

17110281@lums.edu.pk

Arsalan Raza

18110185@lums.edu.pk

Maham Ahmed

18020013@lums.edu.pk

Special thanks: Ayesha Ahmed

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English Grammar Workbook

Sentence Structure:
Subject + Verb + Object

Tenses
There are six tenses.

Present Simple
Subject + 1st Form of verb + object
*note: for 3rd Person Singular (he/ she/ it) add s to the base form
Example:
/ You/ We/ They work in a bank.
He/ She works in a bank.
My father plays the violin.
She never puts milk in her tea

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You always know the answer

Negative: Subject + dont/ doesnt + 1st Form of the Verb
I/ You/ We/ They dont (do not) work.
He/ She/ It doesnt (does not) work.

Exercise
Change the verb into the correct form:
I usually

(go) to school.

2. They

(visit) us often.

3. You

(play) basketball once a week.

4. Tom

(work) every day.

5. He always

(tell) us funny stories.

6. She never

(help) me with that!

7. Martha and Kevin

(swim) twice a week.

8. In this club people usually

9. Linda

(take care) of her sister.

10. John rarely

11. We

(leave) the country.

(live) in the city most of the year.

12. Lorie
13. I

(dance) a lot.

(travel) to Paris every Sunday.

(bake) cookies twice a month.

14. You always

15. She

Answers:

(teach) me new things.

(help) the kids of the neighborhood.

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1.go 2.visit 3.play 4.tells 5.works 6.helps 7.swim 8.dance 9.take cares 10.leaves 11.live 12.travels
13.bake 14.teach 15.helps

Present Progressive Tense

Subject + is/am/are+ 1st Form of verb+ing + object
*Note:
Is for singular
Are for plural
Am for first person i.e. I
You are cooking.
I am watching a film on TV now.
They are going to a business course.
I am travelling to Paris tomorrow.
Negative: Subject+ is/are+ not + 1st Form of verb+ing + object
He is not cooking.

Exercise:
Change the verb into the correct form:
1. Anna
2. I
3. Bella
4. They
5. He

(rest) right now.

(talk) on the phone at this moment.
(cook) dinner now.
(help) the teacher right now.
(run) very fast!

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6. Julia
7. I

(bake) a chocolate cake at the moment.

(have) fun!

8. You

(dance) very nicely.

9. They

(answer) all the questions.

10. John

(eat) Salad, and I am eating fish.

11. Marta
12. It
13. I
14. We
15. Kate

(drive), and Chris is sleeping (sleep).

(rain).
(write) my homework.
(work) on the new show right now.
(lie) in bed now.

Answers on next page

Answers
1.is resting 2.am talking 3.is cooking 4. are helping 5.is running 6.is baking 7.am having 8.are dancing
9.are answering 10.is eating 11.isdriving 12.is raining 13.am writing 14.are working 15.is lying

Past Simple
Subject+ 2nd Form of verb+ object
I/ You/ He/ She/ It/ We/ They lived in London ten years ago.
She travelled to Spain last year.
Mother went to work on Tuesday.
Negative: Subject + did not+ 1st Form of verb + object

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Exercise:
Change the verb into the correct form:
1. Dan

(leave) very early today.

2. Sam and Sue

3. I

(buy) a new house last month.

(visit) Germany the previous week.

4. You

(play) very well.

5. They

(find) this book on their trip to Italy.

6. I

(bake) this cake by myself.

7. We

(open) the store in 1987.

8. The rain finally

(stop), and we

9. She

(plan) to come, but she

10. Kate

(have) a big house, but she

11. Rose

(be) very thin.

12. You

(go) home.
(have) some problems.
(sell) it.

(be) at work yesterday morning.

13. We
14. They
15. She always

(think) New York was in England!

(bring) this from their trip.
(dance) in the summer.

Answers
1.left 2.bought 3.visited 4.play 5.found 6.baked 7.opened 8.stopped, went 9.planned 10.had, sold
11.was 12.were 13.thought 14.brought 15.danced

Past Progressive Tense

Subject + was/were+ 1st Form of verb+ing + object
Was for singular

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English Grammar Workbook

Were for plural

I/He/She was having a shower when you called.
We/ You/ They were watching TV when Bob arrived.
She was playing with the kids from eight to nine.
Negative: Subject + was/were + not+ 1st form of verb +ing + object
I/ He/ She was not having a shower when you called.
We/ You/ They were not watching TV when Bob arrived.
Exercise
Change the verb into the correct form:
1. Yesterday at 5 o'clock I

(eat).

2. Last night, at 10 o'clock she

3. Tim

(dance).

(cook) while Susan

4. Barbara
5. While you

(watch) TV.

(paint), and Joe

(rest), I

(sleep).
(clean) the house.

6. While we

(swim), the other team

7. Jim

(always come) late to work.

8. Dorothy
9. Jack and Bob
10. These two
11. James
12. While the singer
13. The teacher

(run).

(always smoke) in the room.

(always fight) about something.
(constantly chat).
(read) and Emily

(listen) to music.

(sing), the crowd

(sleep), and the students

(jump).
(laugh).

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14. An hour ago I

(jog).

15. They

(always drink) too much at parties.

Answers
1.was eating 2.was dancing 3.was cooking 4.was watching 5.was painting, was sleeping 6.were
swimming, was running 7.was always coming 8.was always smoking 9.were always fighting 10.were
constantly chatting 11.was reading, was listening 12.was singing, was jumping 13.was sleeping, were
laughing 14.was jogging 15.were always drinking

Simple Future
Subject + will/shall + 1st Form of verb + object
Shall for I/We
You/ He/ She/ They will see Jane when she comes back from India.
I/ We shall see Jane when she comes back from India.
Negative: Subject + will/shall+ not + 1st Form of verb + object
You/ He/ She/ They will not see Jane when she comes back from India.
I/ We shall not see Jane when she comes back from India.

Exercise
Change the verb into the correct form:
1. I
2. She

(help) you with your homework.

(be) here very soon.

3. They

(come) at 8 o'clock.

4. You

(call) me next week.

5. I

(use) the money wisely.

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6. We
7. It
9. Ralf
10. Amanda
11. Maybe we
12. They
13. I
14. Ashley
15. It

(return) as soon as possible.

(rain) tomorrow.
(pay) for it.
(win) this game.
(stay) at home.
(bake) some cakes.
(take) you with me next month.
(stay) at home tonight.
(be) very hot this summer.

Answers
1.shall help 2.will be 3.will come 4.will call 5.shall use 6.shall return 7.will rain 8.will pay 9.will win
10.shall stay 11.will bake 12.shall take 13.will stay 14.will be

Progressive Future
Subject + will/shall +be + 1st Form of verb+ing = object
You/ He/ She/ They will be having fun at the party.
I/We shall be having fun at the party.
Negative: Subject + will/shall+ be + 1st Form of verb+ing + object
You/ He/ She/ They will not be having fun at the party.
I/We shall not be having fun at the party.

Exercise

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English Grammar Workbook

Change the verb into the correct form:

1. He

(wait) for quite some time.

2. Tomorrow at this time I

(dance) at a party.

3. Next week at this time I

(sunbathe) at the beach.

4. At 5 o'clock you

(help) your brother.

5. This evening at 8 o'clock, she

6. Nicole
7. We

(have) a hard time.

(smile), and they

8. Rebecca

(talk),

(dance) and

(wash) the dishes.

(have) a good time.

(rain) tonight.

11. Tomorrow we

(rest) and

12. Tonight at 10 o'clock she

13. The day after tomorrow he
14. At this time tomorrow, I
15. You

(cry).

(clean) the house, and John

9. Tonight they
10. It

(watch) a movie with her friends.

(have) fun.
(come) home.
(move) his apartment.
(sleep) deeply.

(work) very hard to get that deal.

Answers
1.will be waiting 2.shall be dancing 3.shall be sunbathing 4.will be helping 5.will be watching 6.will be
having 7.shall be smiling, will be crying 8.will be cleaning, will be washing 9.will be talking, dancing,
having 10.will be raining 11.shall be resting, will be having 12.will be coming 13.will be moving 14.shall
be sleeping 15.will be working

Punctuation
Punctuation is the system of signs or symbols given to a reader to show how a sentence is constructed
and how it should be read.

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The Basic Signs of Punctuation

the comma ,
the full stop .
the exclamation mark !
the question mark ?
the semi-colon ;
the colon :
the apostrophe '
quotation marks
the hyphen brackets ( ) or [ ]
the slash /

Exercise
Put appropriate punctuation marks in the following sentences.
1. A grandparents job is easier than a parents
2. It looks as if the sun goes around the earth but of course the earth really goes round the sun
3. He neither smiled spoke nor looked at me
4. Long ago in a distant country there lived a beautiful princess
5. It was my aunt who took Peter to London yesterday not my father.
6. Ruth was invited to the party but she was ill so Jane went instead of her
7. Sorry to disturb you could I speak to you for a moment
8. Is it any use expecting them to be on time
9. Johns going to sleep during the wedding was rather embarrassing
10. Having lost all my money I went home

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Answers
1. A grandparents job is easier than a parents.
2. It looks as if the sun goes around the earth, but of course the earth really goes round the sun.
3. He neither smiled, spoke, nor looked at me.
4. Long ago, in a distant country, there lived a beautiful princess.
5. It was my aunt who took Peter to London yesterday, not my father.
6. Ruth was invited to the party, but she was ill, so Jane went instead of her.
7. Sorry to disturb you could I speak to you for a moment?
8. Is it any use expecting them to be on time?
9. Johns going to sleep during the wedding was rather embarrassing.
10. Having lost all my money, I went home.

Articles
Indefinite Article A/ An
We use A/AN with:
1. Singular nouns and the first time we refer to a person, animal or thing.

a child

an elephant

a television

What is the difference between A and AN?

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A is used when the next word begins with a consonant sound (b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k etc).

a book

a table

a clock

a university (because the beginning of university sounds like YOU-niversity)

AN is used when the next word begins with a vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u).

an apple

an elephant

an umbrella

an hour (because the H is silent)

The Definite Article THE
We use THE with:
1. A singular or plural noun when it is clear/obvious which person or thing we are talking about.

There is a lamp in my bedroom. (we mention the lamp for the first time)

The lamp is next to the desk.

2. Anything which we identify immediately.

We watched the new Brad Pitt movie last night.

3. Musical instruments (the violin, the guitar, the drums, the flute, the piccolo).

She plays the piano.

4. Something that is unique or there is only one.

the sun

the moon

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the internet.
5. Names of rivers, seas, oceans, mountain ranges and deserts (always in capitals).

The Mississippi River

The Black Sea

The Andes

The Sahara Desert

6. Directions (cardinal points).

the west

the south-east

the north-west.

Exercise
Choose the correct (and most natural-sounding) response to complete each sentence:

1. They usually spend their holidays in __________ mountains.

o
o
o

the
no article
a

2. Los Angeles has __________ ideal climate.

o
o
o

no article
an
the

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3. This is __________ best Mexican restaurant in the country.

o
o
o

no article
a
the

4. I can't live on __________ 500 dollars a month.

o
o
o

the
no article
a

5. Someone call __________ policeman!

o
o
o

a
the
no article

6. Someone call __________ police!

o
o
o

no article
the
a

7. He is __________ real American hero.

o
o
o

no article
the
a

8. I don't like __________ dogs, but I like my brother's dog.

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o
o
o

a
no article
the

9. I haven't seen him in __________ five years.

o
o
o

no article
the
a

10. Kobe Bryant is __________ basketball player.

o
o
o

the
a
no article

Answers
1.the 2.an 3.the 4.no article 5.a 6.the 7.a 8.no article 9.no article 10.a