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Import - DPM - Droplet - Workshop - Fluent-Intro - 14.5 - WS02 - Discrete - Phase
Import - DPM - Droplet - Workshop - Fluent-Intro - 14.5 - WS02 - Discrete - Phase
Workshop 02
Using the Discrete Phase Model (DPM)
Dimitrios Sofialidis
Technical Manager, SimTec Ltd.
Mechanical Engineer, PhD
PRACE Autumn School 2013 - Industry Oriented HPC Simulations, September 21-27,
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Release 14.5
Workshop 02
Using the Discrete Phase Model
(DPM)
14. 0 Release
Introduction to ANSYS
Fluent
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Release 14.5
Introduction
Workshop Description:
This workshop shows how to use the Discrete Phase Model (DPM) within Fluent.
In the last workshop we simulated the flow of a singlephase fluid within a pipe
Tpiece. This workshop will use the same Tpiece geometry. The DPM enables us
to compute the trajectories of a stream of particles/droplets, based on their
density and diameter.
Learning Aims:
This workshop will cover how to set up and run a DPM simulation:
Defining particle materials,
including turbulent (stochastic) effects,
injecting particles into the domain,
predicting where erosion will occur.
Use either constant or a distribution profile for the particle diameter.
Learning Objectives:
To understand how Fluent can be used to solve for the flow of a discrete phase,
and the key controls used to produce a reliable result.
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
3
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Simulation to be performed
The pipe simulated in workshop 1 is to be fitted in a petrochemicals site. The
working fluid will be propane, and upstream some water droplets are injected
into the pipe (this is done to dissolve any salts in the gas stream, though that
process is not considered here).
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
4
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
5
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
6
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Assigning Materials
Problem "Setup>Materials".
Click on "air" then delete This will work, since air is not currently in use.
Click on "waterliquid" then delete.
This will fail, since water is still in use by the cell zone.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
7
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
8
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
9
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
10
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
11
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
12
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
13
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
The droplet (or particle) progresses through the domain through a large number of small steps. At
each step, the solver computes the force balance acting on a single droplet (diameter 1x104 [m])
hence considering the drag with the surrounding fluid, droplet inertia, and if applicable gravity.
The mass transported is that of all the droplets in that stream (1.3x106 [droplets/s]).
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
14
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
15
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
"Define>Injections".
Highlight "injection0" then "Set".
Change "Diameter Distribution" to "RosinRammler".
Set the following values:
"Min diameter" "1e04 [m]".
"Max diameter" "5e04 [m]".
"Mean diameter" "4e04 [m]".
All other values should still be the
same as set previously.
Observe that the default is to have.
"Number of Diameters" = "10".
Click "OK".
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
16
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
17
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
18
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
19
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
20
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
21
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
"Define>Injections".
Highlight "injection0" then "Set".
Select "Turbulent Dispersion" tab.
Tick "Discrete Random Walk Model".
Set "Number of Tries" to "10".
"OK".
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
22
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
23
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
"Define>Injections".
Highlight "injection0" then "Set".
UnSelect "Discrete Random Walk".
"OK".
"Models>Discrete Phase>Edit.
Select "Interaction with Continuous Phase".
Set "1" to "Number of Continuous Phase
Iterations per DPM Iteration".
Go to "Physical Models" tab.
Enable "Erosion/Accretion" Model.
"OK".
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
24
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Run the solver for 1 iteration, so we can compute the erosion quantity.
"Solution>Run Calculation>1 iteration>calculate".
"Graphics and Animations>Contours>Set Up".
Contours of "Discrete Phase Model/DPM Erosion Rate", "Filled" on, "wallfluid". "Display".
Rotate the view and look at the Z surface of the pipe, in the region where the droplets hit
the pipe wall.
The functions used to quantify erosion based
on how the DPM parcels impact the wall can
be set as part of the wall boundary condition.
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
25
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
26
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
27
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
CFDPost [1]
The results are loaded automatically for the FLUID cells.
To load the DPM particle tracks, select .
"File>Import>Import Fluent Particle Track File".
The file you need is:
Folder_where_project_saved\project_name_files\dp0\FLU\Fluent\tpiecedpm.xml
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
28
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
A new item will appear in the model tree "Fluent PT for Water Droplets". This gives access to
the data that has been saved per DPM parcel (which is different from the normal results
data which is saved per grid cell).
Doubleclick on "Fluent PT for Water Droplets".
Under "Geometry", set the "Maximum number of Tracks" to "500".
Under "Color", set mode to "Variable", and "Variable" "Water Droplets.Particle Diameter".
Click "Apply".
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
29
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
30
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
WrapUp [1]
This workshop has shown how Fluent can be used to simulate the motion of fluid
droplets (or solid particles) that are carried along by the fluid.
Regular CFD simulations are performed in an "Eulerian" reference frame. The mesh
remains fixed, and material flows through the grid (aka mesh) cells. When simulating
particle tracks, these move in a "Lagrangian" reference frame. The particles/droplets
each have their own X,Y,Z coordinates and their properties are stored separately
from the grid cell (normal data) file quantities.
The user sets the diameter and density of the particles to be simulated. The
trajectory through the domain is computed over a large number of small steps. At
each step their relaxation time can be computed (from knowing their inertia, and the
sum of the forces acting on each droplet/particle).
Here we have performed several different particletrajectory simulations to
investigate:
The effect of droplet diameter.
The effect of droplets being "trapped" as they hit a wall.
The effects of turbulence (random walk model/stochastic tracking).
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
31
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5
WrapUp [2]
Using the discretephase model, there are several other enhancements to this
basic setup that we could simulate:
Coupling the DPM motion to that of the continuous phase (so that the surrounding
propane has its own momentum/temperature modified by the presence of the
droplets).
Introduction
2012 ANSYS, Inc.
Model Setup
September 19, 2013
Basic DPM
Modifications
32
CFD Post
Summary
Release 14.5