4

`Q |=

Telugu Vocabulary

Telugu Learning Kit

Module 2

The Alpha Foundation

Hyderabad, India

C P Brown Academy

Telugu Learning Kit

Vocabulary, Module-2
Transliterator: G Ramesh Babu
Managing Editor: GRK Murty
Consulting Editor: SS Prabhakar Rao
Editorial Support:
Y Anand, C Rama Devi
T Rajendra Prasad
Chief Visualizer: A Bangaru Babu
Visualizer: S Ganesh
Cover Design & Illustrations: B Anjaneyulu
@ 2008 C.P. Brown Academy. All Rights Reserved.

Although every care has been taken to avoid errors and omissions, this publication is being sold on the
condition and understanding that the information given in this book is merely for reference and must
not be taken as having authority of or binding in any way on the authors, editor, publisher or sellers.
Neither this book nor any part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming and recording or by any information
storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the copyright holder.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are
used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
Only the publishers can export this book from India. Infringement of this condition of sale will lead to
civil and criminal prosecution.
First Edition: 2008
Printed in India
Published by

C P Brown Academy
The Alpha Foundation
8, Dwarakapuri Colony, Punjagutta
Hyderabad - 500 082, India.
Website: www.alphacharities.org
Printed at:
M/s. ICIT Software Centre Private Ltd.
1, Technocrat Industrial Estate
Balanagar Cross Roads
Hyderabad-500 037, India.

4
2

Preface

Language, in a sense, is mans culminating cultural instrument. It is a social

institution. It is an expression of human spirit. Every language has its own set of
vocabulary. And every word has its own sound. Indeed, words are more than sounds
- in the listener. For poets, words are vennelalo- -adukone- andamaina
they emote bhava
adapillalu
beauteous belles playing about under the moonlight.

Words are the accepted vehicles of new things, new ideas, new attitudes, or new
points of view. Every practitioner of a language must acquire a fair understanding of
words. No matter even if it is ones mother-tongue, one can enjoy it more, only if he
or she could see it from the inside looking at the words with a feeling for them. This
becomes feasible only when one knows what the symbol, the sound, the word stands
for.
And that is what this module aims at. It enables you to master the Telugu words
through Roman script all by yourself. This module launches you on the path of
reading and writing Telugu words. It starts with two-lettered words graduating into
multi-lettered words. This module is aimed at helping you learn to read Telugu words
with an artists eye.
It is hoped that by going through the module you would cultivate a better appreciation
for your language. This shall make words look more than mere sounds. Once you
cultivate this art of looking at words from inside, they no longer remain as mere
denotations of emotions. They will rather voice emotions. It is only then that the
language becomes yours. It then simply becomes innate. Talking in Telugu then
becomes a jingling of the beauteous belles.
Once the taste is cultivated for your language the sound and the feelings that the
words emote you are sure to be swayed by a newfound urge to learn more complex
words and start conversation in Telugu all with ease. If this happens, we shall feel
that this initiative of C P Brown Academy has achieved its objective.
Nonetheless, a book, just as a good teacher, can at best, direct, aid and encourage a
learner but it is his or her effort that alone can make learning happen.
We solicit feedback from the readers for making the module more learner-friendly.

GRK Murty

4
3

Transliteration Scheme of Telugu Alphabet

Vowels (JK: Acculu)

.lu

.lu

JO

au

am.

ah.

.ru

ru
.

S
ai

Consonants (

Hallulu)

V V.

kh

gh

ch

jh

&
~

t.

t.h

d.

dh
.

n.

th

dh

ph

bh

l.

n
n

s.

ksh

* Not in common use.

r.

Sachitra Aksharamala

z` JH~ =

Alphabet with Illustrations
a

amma

J=
mother
a

avu

P=

cow

illu

house
5

4D
i

-iga

DQ

fly
u

uduta

L_`

squirrel
u

-uyala

T
cradle

ru

|
4

rusi
. .

|+

sage
6

4Z
e

eluka

ZH
rat

enugu

U#Q

elephant
ai

aidu

S^
five

X
4

onte
.

XO>

camel
7

4F
o

oda
.

F_
ship

au

ausadhamu
.

B+^=
medicine

am

JO

ambaramu

JO|~=
sky

J
4

duhkhamu
.

^Y=
grief

ah

4H
ka

kanki

HOH
spike

kha

khadgamu
.

Y_=
sword

ga

gampa

QO
basket

ghatamu
.

@=
vessel

gha

4.V
n

vanmayamu
.

"V=
literature

ca

cali

Ke
chill

cha

chatramu

K`=
umbrella
ja

jada
.

[_

[
4

plait

10

4~
jha

jhasamu
.

~+=
fish

&

yajnamu

[=
ritual
ta

tapa
.

@
post
tha

~
4

kanthamu
.

HO~=
throat
11

4._
da

dabba
.

_
box

dha

dhanka
.

_OH

drum
n

vina
.

g}

musical instrument

`
4

tala

ta

head

12

4^
tha

rathamu

~^=
chariot

da

danda
.

^O_
garland

dha

dhanussu

^#
bow
na

natta

#`
4

#
4

snail
13

4
pa

palaka

H
slate

pha

phalamu

=
fruit
ba

bandi
.

|O_
cart

bhatudu
. .

@_
4

bha

soldier
14

4=
ma

manta
.

=O@
flame

ya

yantramu

O`=
machine
ra

ratnamu

~`=

gem

lata

la

creeper

15

4.
la

talamu
.

`=
lock

va

vala

=
net

sa

sankhamu

OY=
conch

+
4

mesamu
.

"+=
goat

16

sa

4
sa

sanci

Oz
bag

ha

hamsa

O
swan
ksh

vrukshamu
.

=$H=
tree

rampamu
.

O=
saw
17

ra

^= iK =

- Introduction to Words

ala

ara

wave

shelf

adavi
.

anasa

J_q

J<

forest

pine apple

arati.

alasata
.

anumati

plantain

tiresome

permission

J~

J@ J#=u

J~\

akulu

a t.a

aru

P@

P~

game

six

leaves

akali

a s a

hunger

desire

- -
akasamu

alayamu

PHe

=
PH
=

4
sky

temple

18

Padamula Paricayamu -

4
ila

inti

earth

lady

isuka

inumu

WH

W#=

sand

iron

ituka
.

itivala
.

ivatala

brick

recently

this side

WOu

W\= W=`

W@H

ita

ikalu

D`

DH

swim

feathers

- i n a d. u

-
i s u d. u

today

God Siva

itacettu
..

- ilapata
.

ite
.

D>
spear

D<_ D_
D`K@ D@
toddy tree

whistling

19

4
ukku

uli

Le

chistle

steel

urumu

ulavalu

L~=

L=

thunder

horsegram

utuku

L`

udayamu

L^=

wash

morning

u- r u

T~

u d. a l u

u t.a

T_

T@

village

spring

upiri

uha

Ti

breath

guess

uragaya

u r a d. i m p u

ariel roots

T~Q T~_O
pickle

consolation

20

4
.rusi.

rukku
.

sage

mantra

.rujuvu

.rutuvu

proof

season

|+

|A= |`=

.rusabhamu
.

.runamu
.

bull

debt

|}=

|+=

emuka

era

eguru

Z~

ZQ~

Z=H

bait

fly

bone

edari
.

erupu

Z_i

Z~

desert

red

egumati

ekaramu

ZQ=u ZH~=
export

acre of land

21

eru

enugu

U~

U#Q

river

elephant

elika

eruta
.

UeH

U~@

ruler

picking up

elakulu

edu
.

etavalu
.

U_

U@" U

seven

slant

aite

- aidu rupayalu

aikyata

S`

SH`

but

unity

cardamom

S^ ~
five rupees

a i s w a r y a m u

S~=

wealth
aihikamu

airavatamu

SH= S~=`=
worldliness

white elephant

22

4
onte
.

odi
.

camel

lap

odugu

okadu
.

XO>

X_

XH_

X^Q

one man

adjust
ontarivadu
.
.

oripidi
.

XH\

XO@i"_ Xi_

one

lonely person

friction

okati.

F@q

defeat

bear

opika

o s. a d h i

FH

o- t.u

opu

F@

vote

F+k

patience

medicine

o d. a r e v u

onamalu

harbour

alphabet

4F_~= F#=
23

o t.a m i

aunu

aura

B#

B~

yes

is it

aucityamu

Bz`=
aptness
audaryamu

autu
.

B^~=

B@

magnanimity

bomb
anta

ancu

andamu

JO`

JO^=

whole

beauty

antamu

ankitamu

JOK
border

JO`= JOH`=
end

dedication
ambujamu
lotus

JO|[=
24

antahsatruvu
.

JO``=
internal enemy

antahkaranamu
.
.

JO`H~}=
inner activity

antahkonamu
. .

antahpuramu
.

JO`H}=

JO`~=

inner angle

inner chamber

kanda

kalamu

HO^

H=

yam

pen

kadali
.

k a d. u p u

sea

stomach

kanakamu

kavalalu

H
#
H
=

4
gold

H_=

pot

H_
H=

twins

H_e

k a d. a v a

25

kharidu

kharamu

Y~=

Ys^

ass

price

khagamu

kharjuramu

YQ=

Y~~=

bird

date

khani

khanijamu

Yx

Yx[=

mine

gadi

mineral

gada

g a d. a p a

Q_

Q^

room

threshold

club

garika

gajamu

QiH

Q[=

grass

elephant

g a r a.l a m u

gaganamu

Qk

Q~=

QQ#=

poison

sky

26

ghatana
.

ghanamu

@#

#=

incident

solid
ghallumanu

=#
ringing

- -

gharsanamu
. .

ghantaravam
.

ghatikudu
. .

sound of the bell

capable person friction

O\~=O \_ ~}=
.
v a- n m a y i

"V~

.
v a- n m a y a m u

Goddess

"V=

Saraswati

literature
-.
v a n m a y a k a r u d. u

"VH~_

litterateur

27

4
cali

caku

Ke

chill

pen knife

candanamu

caduvu

KO^#= K^=
sandalwood

read

cakramu

campakamu

cakoramu

KH=

KOH= KH~=

wheel

flower

chandassu

chaya

chatrapati

KO^ K`u
prosody

square

sivaji

shadow

chalokti

KH
repartee
chatrakamu
mushroom

K`H=
28

jama

jalamu

*=

[=

guava

water
jayamu

[=
triumph
jata

[`

jagadamu
.

jananamu

quarrel

birth

[Q_= [##=

pair

jhankaramu
jhamu

~OH~=

jhasamu
.

~=

~+=

time

fish

jharamu

jhanjha

humming

~~= ~O~
mountain
stream

storm

4
29

sanjna

O[
symbol
~jnanam

*#=
knowledge
- ~
ajna

~vijnapana

P[

q*#

command

request

tapa
.

- tapakayalu
.

takku
.

post

@H

trick

crackers

takkari
.

@Hi
cunning fellow
tankasala
.

mint

@OH
30

thivi
.

- thana
. .

~}

sq

police station

style

mithayi
.

pathasala
.

q~~ ~
sweet
pathamu
.

school
kanthamu
.

~=

HO~=

lesson

throat

dabbu
.

dalu
.

damarukamu
.

_=~H=

cash

shield

small drum

_|

dambamu
.

_O|=
boasting
dazanu
.

12 pieces

_[#
31

dhi
.

_
clash
dhanka
.

_OH
big drum

dhalamu
.

dhammanu
.

shield

blast

_=#

_=

dharani
.

^~}
earth

venuvu
.

karuna
.

H~}

"}=

compassion

flute

kalyanamu
.

H}=
marriage
abharanamu
.
ornament

P~}=
32

tadu
.

tata

`_

``

rope

grand father

taruvu

tanaya

`~=

`#

tree

daughter

talupu

taragati

tarangamu

`~Qu `~OQ=

door

class

wave

atithi

pathamu

katha

Juk

^=

H^

guest

way

story

rathamu

sapathamu

~^=

^=

charriot

vow
mathanamu
churning

=^#=
33

dari

^_

^i

fence

way

danda
.

danamu

^O_

^#=

garland

donation

dandanamu
.

dantamu

^O`=

^O_#=

tooth

punishment

dhanuvu

dhara

^#=

^~

price

bow

stream

dhamani

dhanamu

^=x

^#=

vein

money

dhavalamu
.

dhagadhaga

dhara

^~

dadi
.

^== ^Q^Q
white

glittering

34

nati.

nagalu

#\

#Q

actress

jewelry

nadaka
.

naduma
.

#_H

#_=

walk

middle

nadavadi
.
.

nadireyi
.

<i

#_=_

#_~~

woman

conduct

midnight

nari

pani

padava
.

padaka
.

_H

_=

work

bed

boat

palaka

pagalu

slate

day

pagadamu
.
coral

Q_=
35

phalitamu
.

phalakamu
.

result

plate

phalgunudu
.
. .

-sitaphalamu
.

arjuna

custard apple

e `= H=
}_ ` =

phani
. .

phalaharamu
.

~=

snake

tiffin

badi
.

basa

banti

|_

|Ou

school

accomodation

ball

balamu

bakamu

|=

|H=

strength

crane

bandi
.

balapamu

|O_

|=

cart

slate pencil

36

bhakti

bhala
.

H
devotion

well done
bhayamu

=
fear

bhavanamu

bharincu

=#=

iOK OQ@

building

bear

bhangapatu
.
insult

mara

mandu

mancamu

=~

=O^

=OK=

screw

medicine

cot

manisi
.

manavi

=x+

=#q

man

appeal

makutamu
.

mayuramu

=@= =~=
peacock

crown

37

4
yati

yamini

qx

sage

night

yamuna

yatnamu

=# `=
river Yamuna

effort
yajamani

yagamu

yantramu

Q=

O`= [=x

ritual

machine

master
raju

~q

rani
.

~}

~A

sun

queen

king

ranamu
.

rasamu

battle

juice

ravi

~}= ~=
rahadari
high way

~^i
38

lavangamu

=OQ=
clove

lac

fatty

lalana

lancamu

OK=

woman

bribe

lavanamu
.

langaru

salt

anchor

=}= OQ~

galamu
.

"

Q=

time

throat

plates

kalalu
.

nalamu
.

fine arts

tube

talapucevi
.

saralamu
.

key

simple

pallemulu
..

<=

`Kq ~=

lavu

vela
.

lakka

39

vana

vanamu

"#

=#=

rain

forest

vajramu

vankaya

=[=

=OH

diamond

brinjal

vari

vasantamu

=i

vantakamu
.

=O`= =O@H=

paddy

spring

dish

sani

saramu

sasi

~=

saturn

arrow

moon

sakamu

sariramu

H=

s~=

era

body

satakamu

hundred verses

`H=
40

4
sasti
. ..

satkamu
. .

sixty

six folded

+@=

++

sanmukhudu
. .
.

+}Y_
six faced lord
satpadamu
. .

+_[=

saddakudu
.
. ..

+__ +@^=

hexagon

co-brother

insect

sadbhujamu
. .

sabha

sari

sagamu

Q=

court

equal

half

santa

samaramu

O`

=~=

market

war

sahajamu

samajamu

[= =[=

natural

society

41

hani

hamsa

harm

swan

harini
.

hasyamu

i}

deer

humour

halamu

haritamu

i`=

plough

green

kshama

H=

kshanamu
.

H}=

patience

moment

kshayamu

H=
decrease

bhikshagadu
.

H`=

aHQ_

wound

beggar

42

kshatamu

eruka
.

ceraku
.

ZH

knowledge

sugarcane

ceruvu
.

K=
pond
errarayi
..

marricettu
.. ..

=]K@

Z]~~

banyan tree

red stone

gorrepalu
..

Q]
ewe milk

gurramu
..

OH`

Q]=

torture

horse

rampapukota
.

43

Kathina
Padamulu .

Hi# ^= - Difficult Words

indradhanussu

WO^^#

adhyayanamu

adhyakshudu
.

J^#=

J^_

study

president

agraganyudu
. .

anvesana
. .

JQQ}_

J<+}

topper

search

rainbow

arohanamu
.

Pk`_

P~}=

sun

ascent

- - asirvadamu

adhyatmikamu

Pj~^=

P^uH=

blessing

spirituality

ilavelupu

istaistamulu
.. ..

W"

W~+=

family god

likes and dislikes

indradhanussu

ihalokamu

WO^^#

WH=

rainbow

material world

44

- -

adityudu
.

-irsya

D~
jealousy

-isanyamu
-

D#=
northeast

Iswarudu

D~._

Lord Siva

-itakolanu

D~_

D` H#

Lord Siva

swimming pool

utkantha
.

utpatti

L`O~

L`u

suspense

production

udyanavanamu

udbhavincu

L^#=#=

L^qOK

park

araise

udarangu

urdhvalokamu

T^~OQ

T~H=

violet colour

upper world

45

-Iswarudu

4
-

.runagrastudu
.
.

.rusyasramamu
.

|}Q_

|==

debtor

hermitage

.rusabhadhvajudu
.
.

|+^A_

Lord Siva

endrakaya
.

ZO_H
crab

-.
egatali

ZxH

ZQ`o

elections

ridicule

edurkonu

endrakaya
.

Z^~#

ZO_H

face

crab

-elika

- ekantamu

UeH

UHO`=

ruler

solitary

- ekagrata

ekibhavincu

UHQ`

UHqOK

concentration

agree

--

46

ennikalu

aikyamu

aikamatyamu

SH=

SH=`=

union

unity

aiswaryamu

S~=
oddanamu
.. .

wealth

X_}=

waist ornament

ottu
..

oppandamu

X@

XO^=

vow

agreement

oppukolu

oddanamu
.. .

XCH

X_}=

willingness

waist ornament

orpu

-ojassu

F~

F[

patience

splendour

- -

ondrapettu
. ..

F_

FO_@

sport in water

bray

47

olaladu
.

4
aucityamu

Bz`=
suitability

outsukamu

B`H=
angulikamu
.

anxiety

JOQmH=
ring

angusthamu
..

angarakshakudu
.

JOQ+=

JOQ~H_

thumb

bodyguard

andhakaramu

JOQmH=

JO^H~=

ring

darkness

antahprakruti
. .

manahpurvakamu
.

JO`H$u

=#~H=

inner nature

whole-heartedness

usahkalamu
. .

L+H=
dawn

48

angulikamu
.

kayyamu

karkasamu

H=

H~=

quarrel

cruelity

kanuguddu
..

kathinamu
.

H#Q_

Hi#=

eye ball

hard

Ganeswarudu
.
.

Q}~_

Lord Ganapati
.

khayamu

Y_

M=

bad man

certain

khinnamu

mukhadvaramu

d#=

=Y^~=

grief

portal

garvamu

gardabhamu

Q~=

Q~=

pride

ass

guptanidhi

Ganeswarudu
.
.

Qxk

Q}~_

hidden treasure

Lord Ganapati
.

49

khaludu
.

Caturmukhudu
.

ghranamu
.

ghoramu

}=

~=

smell

awful

ghrutamu
.

ghinkarincu

$`=

OHiOK

ghee

trumpet

K`~Y_

Lord Brahma

vanmayakarudu
.

"VH~_
litterateur

Caturmukhudu
.

carmakarudu
.

K`~Y_

K~H~_

Lord Brahma

cobler

curnamu
.

camatkaramu

K~=

K=`~=

powder

repartee

chinnabhinnamu

K^=

z<a#=

cutting

helter-skelter

50

chedamu

jirnamu
.

janmabhumi

r~=

[#q

digestion

native place

- jivanopadhi

- jivasastramu

r=<k

r=G=

livelihood

biology

- - ~
maharajni

=~l
queen

jhasaketanudu
.
.

jhanjhamarutamu

~+H`#_

~O~=~`=

cupid

stormy wind

pratijna

prajnudu
.

u[

A_

vow

learned man

-maharajni

manojnamu

=~l

=<[=

queen

delight

51

.tenkaya

takkari
.

>OH

@Hi

coconut

cunning

damarukamu
.

.tippusultan

.tippani.

\C<

\}

tippusultan

commentary

_=~H=
drum

kathinamu
.

~#=

Hi#=

read

hard

pratistha
..

- kagitamu
thavu
.

u+

~= Hy`=

reputation

sheet of paper

dokku
.

dolla
.

useless

hallow

damarukamu
.

-dolayamanamu
.

_=~H=

_=#=

drum

wavering

52

pathanamu
.

- -

gadhanidra
.

asadhamu
.

Q_x^

P_=

sound sleep

name of a month

nigudhamu
.

drudhatvamu
.

xQ_=

^$_`=

hidden

sturdiness

gadhanidra
.

Q_x^

sound sleep

rakshana
.

grahanamu
.

~H}

Q}=

defence

eclipse

kshanamu
.

"}[=

H}=

commerce

moment

tiraskaramu

tirthayatra

u~~=

f~`

rejection

pilgrimage

tappidamu

tatvamu

`^=

``=

mistake

philosophy

53

vanijyamu
.

Tathagatudu
.

sithilamaina

Tathagatudu
.

tk"#

`^Q`_

dilapidated

Lord Buddha

-tarapathamu
-

yathatathamu

`~^=

^`^=

zodiac

as it is

`^Q`_

Lord Buddha

digbandhamu

^`$`=

kQO^=

generosity

beleaguering

dirghayuvu

duradrustamu
. ..

n~=

^~^$+=

long life

misfortune

dhanyamu

dharmasatramu

^#=

^~`=

grain

choultry

dhyanamu

dhvanyanukaranamu
.

^#=

^##H~}=

meditation

mimicry

54

datrutvamu
.

4
-

nirodhincu

natyamu
.

x~kOK

<@=

obstruct

dance

namaskaramu

nirnayamu
.

#=~=

x~=

salutation

decision

natyamu
.

<@=
dance

pariskaramu
.

~=`

i~=

Supreme Spirit

settlement

parthasarathi

- pascattapamu

~~k

`=

Lord Krishna

repentance

phanisayi
.

- phalanetramu

}~

<`=

Lord Visnu
.

the eye on forehead

praphullamu

phalitamu

e`=

blossom

result

55

paramatma

buddhimantudu
.

bauddhamatamu

|k=O`_ ^=`=
wise person

buddhism

brahmanandamu

bahiskaramu
.

|#O^= |~=
ecstasy

matsyamu

expulsion

=` =
fish

bhallukamu

bhaskarudu
.

H=

~_

bear

Sun

- - -

bhagyavantudu
.

O_Q~=

Q=O`_

treasury

rich man

matsyamu

mastiskamu
.

=`=

=+=

fish

brain

mahendrudu
.

madhyahnamu

=O^_

=^=

Lord Indra

midday

56

bhandagaramu
.

yauvanamu

yogyata

=#=

Q`

youth

eligibility

yathakramamu

yajurvedamu

^H==

A~^-=-

rajagruhamu
.
one of the vedas ~[Q
$=

as usual

palace

radduceyu

~Q`

~^K

illness

cancel

radheyudu
.

- -

rajagruhamu
.

~^_

~[Q$=

Karna
.

palace

- lokokti

lakshyapettu
..

HH

H@

proverb

care

lakshmipati

vilakshanamu
.

H;u

qH}=

Lord Visnu
..

elegant feature

57

rugmata

sirassu

gollemu
..

kallemu
..

Q=

H=

bolt

rein

parimalamu
.

- kalaratri
.

i==

H~u

fragrance

nightmare

t~
head

vastavamu

vijrumbhincu
.

"==

q[$OaOK

truth

enrage

vajrayudhamu

"~H=

=*^=

old age

indras weapon

satruvu

sirassu

`=

t~

enemy

head

suddhamu

saradrutuvu
.

^=

~^$`=

purity

autumn

58

vardhakyamu

4.

puspamu

Visnuvu
..

+=

q+=

flower

Lord Visnu
..

puskalamu
.

puskarini
. .

+=

+i}

plenty

pond

puspamu
.

+=
flower

sangramamu

O=

OQ==

society

war

satkarincu

sankalpamu

`iOK

OH=

honour

determination

harsamu
.

hrdayamu
.

~=

$^=

joy

heart

himasailamu

hiranyamu
.

==

~}=

Himalayan
mountain

gold

59

sanghamu

kshetramu

kshiramu

H`=

H~=

field

milk

kshemamu

H==
safe

marricettu
.. ..

=]K@

banyan tree

verrivadu
.. .

|]g

"]"_

broad moustaches

mad man

tiyyani ceruku
.

karrasamu
..

ux K

H]=

sweet sugarcane

martial art with stick

erra
.. samudram

marricettu
.. ..

Z] =^O

=]K@

red sea

banyan tree

-.. jerri
kalla
..

jadala
. barre
..

H *]

[_ |]

centeped

yak

60

--

burramisalu
..

H=#= -Time Scale

udayamu

L^= :

k s h a n. a k a- l a m u
H}H= : second

morning

ardharatri

J~~u :

n i m u s. a m u

pagalu

x=+= : minute
g a n t.a
QO@ : hour

dinamu

Q :
k#= :

day time
day

"~= :

early morning
morning

m a d h y a- h n a m u
=^= : midday

< :

s a- y a m k a- l a m u

ayanamu

OH= :

nela

month

J#= :

evening

ratri

~u :

week

pakshamu
H= : fortnight

udayamu

L^= :

midnight

v -a r a m u

v e- k u v a j h -a m u

"=*= :

six month-period

samvatsaramu
O=`~= : year

night

p u s. k a r a m u

+~= :
61

12 year-period

Kalamanamu
-

Yugamulu (4) - Q= (4)

- Eras (4)

- H$` Q= : 17 H 28 "

krtayugamu
.

17 lakhs 28 thousand year - period of time

--

- ``Q= : 12 H 96 "

tretayugamu

12 lakhs 96 thousand year - period of time

dwaparayugamu

- ^~Q= : 8 H 64 "

8 lakhs 64 thousand year - period of time

kaliyugamu

- HeQ= : 4 H 32 "

4 lakhs 32 thousand year - period of time

Rutuvulu
.

|`= (6) : Seasons (6)

varsarutuvu
.

=~ |`= : rainy season

saradrutuvu
.

vasantarutuvu
.

: spring

~^$`=

4=~ .|`. =

of winter

hemantarutuvu
.

grismarutuvu
. .

w+ |`=

: begining

: summer

=O` |`= : winter

.
sisirarutuvu

varsarutuvu

: rainy

season

tt~ |`=
62

: autumn

=O` |`=

Names of the Telugu Years

= : p r a b h a v a
q= : v i b h a v a
H
: su k l a
"^` : p r a m o- d u- t a
*`u : prajotpatti
- POw~ : angirasa
N=Y : s r-i m u k h a
=
: b h a- v a
= : y u v a
^`
: d h a- t u
D~ : -i sw a r a
|^# : bahudhanya
=k : p r a m a- d i
qH= : v i k r a m a
=$+
: v .r s. a
z`# : citrabhanu
# : s w a b h a- n u
`~} : t a- r a n. a
i= : parthiva
= : v y a y a
~l` : sarvajittu

~^i : sarvadhari
q~k : virodhi
qH$u : vikrti
.
Y~
: khara
#O^# : n a n d a n a
q[ : vijaya
[
: jaya
=#^ : manmatha
^~d : d u r m u k h i
=Oa : hevalambi
.
qOa : vilambi
.
qHi : vikari
~i : sarvari
=
: plava

H$` : subhakrtu
.

H$` : sobhakrtu
.
Hk
: krodhi
q= : viswavasu
63

`Q O=`~= ~

~= : parabhava
=OQ : p l a v a n g a
HH
: kilaka
= : s a u m y a
^~} : s a- d h a- r a n. a
q~^H$` : virodhakrtu
.
- s^q : paridhavi
=nK : p r a m a- d-i c a
P#O^ : a- n a n d a
~H : r a- k s h a s a
#
: nala
OQ : pingala
.
HH : kalayukti
.
^i : siddharthi
~k
: raudri
^~u : durmati
^O^a : d u n d u b h i
- ~k~^i : rudhirodgari
~HH : raktakshi
H^# : k r o- d h a n a
JH : a k s h a y a

Telugu samvastaramula perlu -

Pakshamulu: 2 -

H= : 2 - Fortnights: 2

Suklapakshamu:
H H=: (from 1st day to fullmoon day)

Suklapaksha
Tithulu: 15 - HH u^: 15

suddha
padyami
.

^ _q

suddha
astami
..

: 1st

^ J+q

day after
full moonday

^ #=q
: 2nd

^ ^q
: 3rd

suddha

day

suddha
caviti

^ Kqu

suddha

day

suddha
pancami

^ OKq
: 5th

suddha
.sasthi
..
^ ++
: 6th
: 7th

day

suddha

day

: 10th

day

: 11th

day

: 12th

day

: 13th

day

-
dwadasi

^ ^^t

-
trayodasi

^ ` ^t
day

suddha
caturdasi

day

^ K`~t
p a u r n. a m i
~q

suddha
saptami

4^ q

-ekadasi
-

^ UH^t
: 4th

: 9th

suddha
dasami

day

suddha
tadiya

^ `k

day

suddha
navami

suddha
vidiya

^ qk

: 8th

: 14th

: fullmoon
day

64

day

H$+H=: (from 1st day to newmoon

Krishnapaksha
Tithulu: 15 - H$+H u^ : 15
.. .

Krishnapakshamu

bahula
. padyami
.

day)

bahula
. astami
..

| J+q : 8th day

bahula
. navami
| #=q : 9th day

bahula
. dasami
| ^q : 10th day
-
bahula
. -ekadasi
| UH^t : 11th day
bahula
. dwadasi
| ^^t : 12th day
-
bahula
. trayodasi
| ` ^t : 13th day
bahula
. caturdasi
| K` ~t : 14th day

| _q : 1st

day after
newmoon day

bahula
. vidiya

| qk : 2nd day
bahula
. tadiya
| `k : 3rd day
bahula
. caviti
| Kqu
: 4th day
bahula
. pancami
| OKq : 5th day
bahula
. .sasthi
..
| ++
: 6th day
bahula
. saptami
| q : 7th day

a m a- v a- s y a

J="

: newmoon
day

65

4 .. .

Telugu Nelalu

English Nelalu

`Q <

WOw+ <
English Months

Telugu Months

K`=

janavari

caitramu

[#=i
:

vaisakhamu

*+=

jyestamu

=i

P_=

: - asadhamu
. .
: sravanamu
.

=}=
^^=

"Y=

: january

phibravari

|=i

: february

m a- r c i

..

: march

epril

: april

may

"

bhadrapadamu

: may

june

J[= : a- sw a y u j a m u

E<

: june

july

- : kartikamu

=~t~=

-
: margasiramu

+=

==

: maghamu

}=

E
a g a s..t u
PQ+
s e p t.e m b a r u
O|~
octobaru
.
JH|~

pusyamu
.

: july
: august
: september
: october

navambaru

phalgunamu
.

#=O|~

: november

disembaru

_O|~
66

: december

HsH=

- Rasulu
Signs of Zodiac

4 "~= -

~ -

Varamulu Week Days

12
11

10

4
5

1 . m e- s. a m u
2.

a d i v a- r a m u

4.

monday

gemini
cancer
leo

virgo

libra

scorpio

sagittarius

capricorn

-O=

aquarius

g#=

pisces

7 . tula

wednesday
8.

`
vrscikamu
.
=$tH=

9 . dhanussu

thursday

^#
10. makaramu

=H~=

friday

11. kumbhamu

sa n i v -a r a m u

4x"~=

taurus

H#

su k r a v a r a m u

H"~=

aries

6. kanya

tuesday

g u r u v a- r a m u

Q~"~=

q^#=
:
k a r k a.t a k a m u
H~@H= :
O=

b u d h a v -a r a m u

|^"~=

"+=
:
v..
rsabhamu
=$+=
:

5. simhamu

m a n g a l a v a- r a m u

.
=OQ"~=

3 . mithunamu

sunday

s o m a v a- r a m u

="~=

12. minamu

saturday

67

Pk"~=

- Dikkulu

8 k - 8 Directions
`~

PQ=

D#=

L`~

^H}=
"==

<~u
_=~

`~
p a d. a m a r a
_=~

PQ=

east

southeast

southwest

northwest

northeast

nairuti

west

<~u
v a- y a v y a m u

uttaramu

north

"==
- isanyamu

south

D#=

Rangulu nalupu

~OQ - Colours
-

cilakakupacca

: black

zHK
b u- d. i d a
|_^

telupu

: white

gulabi

erupu

Z~

: red
: yellow

Qa
k a- s. a y a m
HO

: blue

T^

: green

<iO[

pasupu

u- d -a

nilamu

h=
akupacca

PK

narinja

68

: parrot

green

: ash
: pink
: saffron
: violet

L`~=
:
d a k s h i n. a m u
^H}=
:

agneyamu

turpu

: orange

Nakshatramulu 27-

#H`= 27

- Lunar Stars 27

a sw a n i

Jx

makha

=Y

mula

b h a .r a n i

~}

pubba

p u r v a .s a d. h a -

krittika
.

H$uH

uttara

L`~

rohini
.

~}

hasta

mrgasira
.

=$Qt~

citta

P~^

swati

punarvasu -

#~

v i sa k h a

p u s. y a m i

+q

P+

arudra

a- sl -e .s a

- - -

~_

uttarasadha
.

- -

L`~_

sr a v a n a m

=}O

z`

dhanistha
..

^x+

sa t a b h i.s a m u -

`a+=

qY

p u- r v -a b h -a d r a -

~^

anuradha -

J#~^

uttarabhadra
-

L`~^

jyestha
..

*+

revati

~=u

--

69

H_
:
Ju
:
~^A_ :

k a sy a p u d. u

qq`_ :
atri
Q`=_ :
b h a r a d w a- j u d. u
[=^y
:
. .
=+_
: vasisthudu

Navagrahamulu -

S u- r y u d. u
C a n d r u d. u

A n g a- r a k u d. u
B u d h u d. u
Brhaspati
.

Sukrudu

|
+ - The seven .rusis
.

Sa n a i sc a r u d. u
R a- h u v u
K e- t u v u

viswamitrudu
.

g a u t a m u d. u
j a m a d. a g n i

#=Q =: Names of 9 planets

~_
KO^_
JOQ~_
|^_
|$u
_
<~_
~=
H`=
70

Sun
Moon
Mars
Mercury
Jupiter
Venus
Saturn
Dragons head
Dragons tail

Saptarusulu
. . -

Navaratnamulu

- #=~`= - The nine gems

vajramu

v a i d. -u r y a m u

g o- m e- d h i k a m u

p u s. y a r -a g a m u

marakatamu

m a-n. i k y a m u

nilamu

p a g a d. a m u

mutyamu

Navadhanyamulu

=[=
"_ ~=
Q"kH=
+~Q=
=~H`=
=}H=
h=
Q_=
=`=

diamond

cats eye

zirconium
topaz
emerald
ruby
sapphire
coral
pearl

- #=^#= - The nine varieties of grains

godhumalu
- Q^ = - wheat
=_ - paddy
anumulu - J#= - rajmagram
ulavalu - L= - horsegram
kandulu - H O ^ - redgram
pesalu - - greengram

- # Q - bengalgram
minumulu - q#= - blackgram sanagalu
nuvvulu - #= - gingili

vadlu
. -

71

- Manobhavamulu
-

=<== - Faculties of the mind

a- n a n d a m u

P#O^=
d u h. k h a m u
^Y=
a s -u y a

J
d v e s. a m u
^+=
a n u m -a n a m u

J#=#=
k o- p a m u

H=
a- sa

maunamu

: pleasure

=#=
e- v a g i m p u

: sorrow

U=yO

: silence
: vexation

asahyamu

: jealousy

J=
ahamkaramu

: hatred

JOH~=
polika

: suspicion

eH
sphurti

: anger

i
u t s -a h a m u

: ambition

L`=

daya

: kindness
72

: unbearable
: ego
: comparison
: inspiration
: spirit

s~=== - Parts of the body

sariramu

s~=

n a d. u m u

body

head

face

#_=
b o d. d. u
_
g u n .d e
QO_

tala

`
mukhamu

=Y=

eye

nose

mouth

n o- r u

<~
m e d. a

"_

4<H

heart

hand

stomach

thigh

back

leg

foot

finger

nail

ear

k a- l u

neck

throat

v e- l u

chest

"
g o- r u

tongue

Q~

p a- d a m u

^=

rommu

~=

gontu

QO`

navel point

vipu

cevi

Kq

K~
k a d. u p u
H_
t o d. a
`_

mukku

waist

ceyyi

kannu

H#

n a- l u k a

73

--

Sariravayavamulu
-

|O^ `= - Relationships

amma

vadina

J=
-

: mother

<#

: father

=k#
- todikodalu
. .
`_H_
k o d. u k u
H-_
k o d. a l u
H_

nanna
ammamma

J==
-

: grand

mother

``-

: grand

father

"-#==

: meternal

"-#`-

: aunt

: uncle

tata

m e n a m a- m a

=ik

=#=_ manumaralu
=#=~
m e- n a k o- d.a l u
"#H_
.s a d. d. a k u d. u
+__
m e- n a l l u d. u
"#_ -

: aunt

(mothers
younger sister)

: uncle

(fathers
elder brother)

peddamma

^=

: aunt

(mothers
elder sister)

q~

JH-

: elder

: brother-in-law

sister

bava

viyyankudu
.

qO_

anna

J#

: son
: daughter-in-law
: brother-in-law
: sister-in-law
: grandson
: grand

daughter

: niece
: co-brother
: nephew

viyyapuralu

akka

=~^
m a n u m a d. u

pinni

^<#

: co-sister

maradalu
(fathers sister)

babayi

p e d d a n -a n n a

: sister-in-law

maridi
uncle

menatta

: brother
74

: sons

or daughters
mother-in-law

: sons

or
daughters
father-in-law

Bandhutvamulu -

Vruttulu
.

b o- y a

raitu

~`

: farmer

kummari

=i

: potter

H=i

: black

- kulivadu

.
e"_
gollavadu
.
Q"_
- s a l e v a d. u
"_

: hired

vadrangi
.
=_Oy

: carpenter

smith

HOe

: goldsmith

v a i d y u d. u

worker

: milkman

"^_
-pujari

: doctor

*i

: priest

naukaru

ganugavadu

: weaver

<H~

Q#Q"_

: oilpresser

Hi_

: barber

KHe

k a- r m i k u d u

cakali

mangali

: servant
: labourer

: washerman
rangulu
.
~OQ ""_ : painter

: accountant

- - vesevadu

: hunter

k a m s a- l i

kammari

=OQe
k a r a .n a m u
H~}=

=$`
- Professions

75

b e n d. a k -a y a

aratikaya
.

J~\H
: plantain
b a n g a.l a d u m p a
|OQ^O
: potato

O_H
d o n d. a k -a y a
^O_H

P ~
ulligadda
..
LeQ_

=OH
-.t o m a .t o
\=\

aku kuralu

kakarakaya

HH~H
g u m m a d. i k a y a
Q=_H
potlakaya
.
@H
gorucikkudu
.
Q~z_
cikkudukaya
.
z_H

4^H

d o- s a k -a y a

~Q - Vegetables

v a n k -a y a

: greens
: onion

: ladys

finger

: gherkins
: brinjal

c a- m a g a d d a

: tomato

..

: bitter

K=Q_

gourd

m u n a g a k -a y a

: pumpkin

=#QH

: colocacia
: drumstrick

mullangi

: snake
: local

gourd

=Oy

: radish

k a n d a g a d. d. a
beans

HO^Q_

- birakaya

: elephant foot (yam)

: beans

c~H

: ridge

gourd

: cucumber

P#H

: bottle

gourd

a- n a p a k a- y a

76

Kuragayalu
-

d a- n i m m a

arati.

J~\
d r a- k s h a

^H
m a- m i d. i

=q_
j -a m a

*=

-neredu

.
<~_
s a p o- t.a\

: banana

^x=

: grapes

"Q

: mango

Y~~=

kharjuramu

~
p u c c a k -a y a

4KH

: wood

apple

: date

panasa

: guava

: cherry

~yO_

: sapota

J<

-sitaphalamu

: pineapple

: orange

`=

: custard

: papaya

r e- g i p a n d u

: water

: jackfruit

a n a- s a

apil

melon

: pear

apple

: apple

b o p p a- y i

: pomegranate

velaga

kamala

H=

Pandlu
. - O_ - Fruits

77

- - - Flowers
Pulu

Vrukshamulu
- =$H=
- Trees
.

m a l l e p-u v u

~qK@

- badamcettu

^OK@
kanugacettu

..

H#QK@
marricettu
.. ..
=]K@
vepacettu
..
"K@
cintacettu
..
zO`K@
t u m m a c e ..
ttu
`=K@
araticettu
. ..
J~\K@
jamacettu
..
*=K@
mamidicettu
. ..
=q_K@
- - ..
asokacettu
JHK@

: fig

tree

==
t -a m a r a p-u v u

: almond
: Indian

tree

`=~=
k a l u v a p -u v u

bunch tree

: banyan

H==
c a- m a n t i

tree

K=Ou
: neem

gulabi

tree

Qa
: tamarind

bantipulu

tree

|Ou
: babool

m o g a l i p -u v u

tree

"Qe=
: banana
: guava

tree

: jasmine
: lotus
: water

lily

: chrysanthemum
: rose
: marigold
: pandarus

davanam

^=#O

tree

: motherwort

maruvam

: mango
: asoka

=~=O

tree

: cowhage

ravicettu
..

tree
78

Pakshulu -

- Birds

Jantuvulu - [O`= - Animals

kukka

H
nakka

pavuramu

#H
: pigeon

pilli

k a- k i

HH
koyila

H~

: owl

: crow
bird

: sparrow

gradda

Q^

: eagle

b a- t u

4O
`

Q^

: buffalo

"H
g o ..
rre
Q]
g a- d. i d a
Q_^

: goat

U#Q

: elephant

: sheep
: donkey

puli

: bat

nemali

<=e

: cow

e- n u g u

gabbilamu

Qa=

P=

m e- k a

piccuka

KH

: cat

g e- d e

: crane

: cuckoo

a- v u

konga

HOQ

: fox

: tiger

simhamu

: peacock

O=

: lion

Hu

: monkey

koti

: duck

hamsa

jinka

: swan

lOH
79

: deer

=~=
g u d. l a g -u b a
Q_Q|

: dog

=O@ WO\ =# Household Material4

cemca--

K O K - spoon
pogagottamu
.. - Q Q @ = - chimney
cipuru - p ~ - broom
pallemu
.. - = - plate
kulayi
. - ~ - tap
- - ~H e - pounder
rokali
- - * - flagon
kuja- - karra - s H] - rolling pin
purila
..
kavvamu - H = = - churner
balla - | - table
cettabutta
.. - K`|@ - dustbin

~ - hearth
garita. - Q i @ - ladle
jalleda. - [_ - sieve
- - @ H~ - tongs
patakaru
.
turumu - `~= - grate
mukudu
. - =_ - bowl
- - ` - vessel
patra
aggipette
.. - Jy > - match box
- - ~ - mortar
rolu
-- = KOK - fork
mullacemca
..
- - *_ - jar
jadi
.
poyyi -

Lohamulu -

b a n g a r a m u |OQ~=
v e n d. i

ittadi
.
r a- g i

"O_
W`_
~y

:
:
:
:

= - Metals

gold

ukku

silver

inumu

brass

tagaramu

copper

sisamu

80

L
W#=
`Q~=
=

:
:
:
:

steel
iron
tin

- Vanta
. Inti. samanulu -

lead

H~} =# - Provisions

miriyalu

pasupu

: turmeric

q~H

: chilli

m i r a p a k -a y a

qi
cintapandu
.
zO`O_

: coriander

LC
H~=

-jlakarra

: mustard

rH~

: cummin

a- v a- l u

P"

g a s a g a s a- l u

QQ

k a- r a m u

: poppy

seeds

p a n c a d a- r a

OK^~

plant seeds

lavangalu

=OQ
elakulu

: salt
: mirchi

powder

: jaggery
: sugar

kandipappu

HOkC

: assafoetida

: redgram

minapapappu

mentulu

"O`

: tamarind

bellam

inguva

WOQ=

: pepper

uppu

dhaniyalu

^x

q#C

: fenugreek

: blackgram

sa n a g a p a p p u

#QC

: cloves

pesarapappu

~C

: cardomum
81

: bengalgram

- - -Samanulu
Kirana
.

: greengram

P~}= Ornaments

talabilla
..

ungaramu

LOQ~=
:
k a n k a n. a m u
HOH}=
:

`a

headlocket

medal

earstuds

brooch

Kq^^
kiritamu
.
Hs@=

crown

nose-ring

=OH

armlet

necklace

anklets

ring

patakamu

`H=

bracelet

ceviduddu

golusu

Q
:
pamita. pinnu
q@ # :

chain

vanki

mukkera

=H~

h a- r a m u

cevikammalu

KqH=

tops

hair clip

~=
pattilu
..
\

pinnu

#
pakkapinnu

H #

m u k k u p u d. a k a

gajulu

QA

4#Q

side pin

bangle

jewelry

=_H :
-lolakulu

:
o d. d. a n. a m u
X_}=
:

nagalu

82

nosestud
hangings

Abharanamulu
.

waist ornament

- Inti
. Bhagalu -

4 H` -

Kolatalu Measures

WO\ Q Parts of the House

talupulu

v e d. a l p u

: width

: length

" ^~=
kitikilu
.
H\H

-
pravesa

ettu

Z`
potti
..
\

: height

Qk

varanda

: short

=~O_
: big

J~
g a d. a p a
Q_

: small

baruvu

|~=
g u n d. r a m u
QO_=

- almara

cinna

z#

: entrance
: windows

gadi

pedda

: doors

dvaramu

: room
: verandah
: almirah
: threshold

paikappu

: heavy

HC
g a v -a k s h a m u

Q"H=
mettlu
..
"@

: round

4
83

: roof
: ventilator
: steps

"_
p o d. a v u
_=

telugu talli

ma telugu talliki malle pudanda

.
ma kanna talliki mangalaratulu
.
84