Rigid foundation

1. Geotechnical design Df, B, L

Input Data:

The bending moments and axial force diagram from the most disadvantageous load
combinations

Layer I
-

Layer 2
-

Vegetal layer with fragments of rocks and plant roots

Layer thickness h = 0.6 m
Specific weight = 18.95 KN/m3
= 13.167
c = 20.2 KN/m
It has been found yellow clay with inclusions of chalk rolled ;
Layer thickness h = 3.3 m
W = 17.8 %
wL= 42.5 %
wp = 18.5 %
Ip = 24%;
Ic = 1,12
= 20,22 kN/m3
3
d
=18,09 KN/m

n = 32,5%
e = 0.48
Sr = 0,99
2
2
M 23
=76,92x10 KN/m
= 16o
C = 17,83 kN/m2

Layer 3
-

It has been found brown-yellow clay plastic consistent with inclusions of

fine sand and silty-sand

h = 4.6 m
= 23,69 kN/m3
= 17,98o
C = 22,2 kN/m2

Df = max ( h frost +0.10.2 m ; h bad layer +0.102 m)= max ( 0.9 + 0.2 ;
0.65 + 0.2 ) => Df = 1.1 m
Verification for U.L.S. (Dimensioning B and L)
Verifications for DA1 C1
Vd Rd (qEd qRd)
qEd =

Vd
A'

Vd = (Nk + Gk) * G
Gk = B * L * Df * G
We impose Gk = 0.2 * Nk => B x L * 1.1 * 24 = 0.2 * 812.65 => B * L = 6.15 m2
We impose L/B=1=> L = B=>B2=6.15=>B=2.47m=>B=2.5m
L=2.5m
A = B * L = (B 2eB) * (L 2eL) = (2.5 2 * 0.05) * ( 2.5 2 * 0.06) = 5.71 m2
eB =

Mz
Nk +Gk

44.35
602.07 +165

= 0.05 m

eL =

My
Nk +Gk

46.92
602.07 +165

= 0.06 m

Gk = 2.5 * 2.5 * 1.1 * 24 = 165 kN

Vd = (Nk + Gk) * G = (602.07 + 165) * 1.35 = 1035.54 kN
qEd =

Vd
A'

1035.54
5.71

= 181.35kN/m2

(sB N +qNq+
qRd = Pcrit =

c Nc
)
c '

Rv

B = 2.4 m
s = 20.22 kN/m3
d = arctg (

tg

) = arctg (

tg 16
) = 16;
1

= d / 2 = 8
tan
Nq = e
* tan2( 45 + d/2 ) = 2.46 * 1.76 = 4.33

Nc = (Nq 1) * ctg d = 11.61

N = 2 * ( Nq 1) * tan = 0.936
q = s * Df = 20.22 * 1.1 = 22.24 kN/m2
c = 17.83 kN/m2
(20.222.40.936 +22.244.33+
Pcrit =

17.8311.61
)
1

= 326.01 kN/m2

qEd qRd 181.35 326.01 => Condition is fulfilled for DA1 C1

Verifications for DA 1 C2
Vd
A'

qEd =

( Nk+ Gk)G
A'

( 602.07 +165 )1
5.71

(sB N +qNq+
qRd = Pcrit =

d = arctg (

= 134.33 kN/m2

c Nc
)
c '

Rv
tg

tg 16
) = arctg ( 1.25 ) = 12.92;

= d / 2 = 6.46
tan
Nq = e
* tan2( 45 + d/2 ) = 2.06 * 1.58 = 3.25

Nc = (Nq 1) * ctg d = 9.81

N = 2 * ( Nq 1) * tan = 0.51
(20.222.40.51+22.243.25+
Pcrit =

22.29.81
)
1.25

= 258.87 kN/m2

qEd qRd 134.33 258.87 => Condition is fulfilled for DA1 C2

Verifications for DA 2

qEd =

Vd
A'

( Nk+ Gk)G
A'

( 602.07 +165 )1.35

5.71

(sB N / x+ qNq/x+
qRd = Pcrit =

d = arctg (

Rv
tg

) = arctg (

tg 16
) = 16;
1

c Nc
)
x

= 181.35 kN/m2

 = d / 2 = 8
tan
Nq = e
* tan2( 45 + d/2 ) = 2.46 * 1.76 = 4.33

Nc = (Nq 1) * ctg d = 11.61

N = 2 * ( Nq 1) * tan = 0.936
(20.222.40.936 /1+ 22.244.33/1+
Pcrit =

22.211.61
)
1

1.4

= 269.10 kN/m2

qEd qRd 181.35 269.10 => Condition is fulfilled for DA2

Verifications for DA 3

qEd =

Vd
A'

( Nk+ Gk)G
A'

( 602.07 +165 )1.35

5.71

(sB N +qNq+
qRd = Pcrit =

d = arctg (

= 181.35 kN/m2

c Nc
)
c '

Rv
tg

tg 16
) = arctg ( 1.25 ) = 12.92;

= d / 2 = 6.46
tan
Nq = e
* tan2( 45 + d/2 ) = 2.06 * 1.58 = 3.25

Nc = (Nq 1) * ctg d = 9.81

N = 2 * ( Nq 1) * tan = 0.51
(20.222.40.51+22.243.25+
Pcrit =

22.29.81
)
1.25

= 258.88 kN/m2

qEd qRd 181.35 258.88 => Condition is fulfilled for DA3

All conditions are fulfilled => B = 2.5 m ; L = 2.5 m.

Verification for S.L.S.

Pef med Ppl
D s D s adm
Vk
A

Pef med =

602.07 +165
2.5+ 2.5

= 153.41 kN/m2

Ppl = (s * B * N1 + q * N2 + c * N3) * ml
For = 16 (From table H.8.2. Norm 112/2014) ==>
N1 = 0.36;
N2 = 2.43;
N3 = 5.00;
ml = 1.4;
Ppl = ( 20.22 * 2.5 * 0.36 + 22.24 * 2.43 + 22.2 * 5) * 1.4 = 256.54 kN/m2
Pef med Ppl 153.41 kN/m2 256.54 kN/m2 => Condition is fulfilled.
Pnet = Pef med s * Df = 153.41 20.22 * 1.1 = 131.16 kN/m2

P1,2 =

6M cx
N
2
LB L B

; P3,4 =

6M cy
N

LB LB2 ,

Mcx = 44.35 kNm

Mcy = 46.92 kNm
N = Vk = 602.07 kN

P1 =

602.07 644.35
+
2.52.5 2.5 22.5

= 96.33 + 17.03 = 113.36 kN/m2

P2 =

602.07 644.35

2.52.5 2.522.5

= 96.33 17.03 = 79.3 kN/m2

P3 =

602.07 646.92
+
2.52.5 2.5 22.5

= 96.33 +18.01 = 114.34 kN/m2

P4 =

602.07 646.92

2.52.5 2.522.5 = 96.33 18.01 = 78.32 kN/m2

Dimensioning the reinforced concrete pad (lcu x bcu)

For blocks with 1 step

bcu l cu
0.5 ... 0.65
B L

For blocks with 2 or 3 steps

bcu l cu
0.4 ...0.5
B L

bcu l cu
= =0.5 => bcu = 1.25 m ; lcu = 1.25 m
B
L

We impose

tan tan min

tan min = f ( Pef max) C12/15 (From table II.4. Norm 112/2014) => tan min = 1.05

tan min =

H min
Llcu
2

=> Hmin = 1.05 * 1.25/2 => 0.65625 m => Hmin = 0.7 m => block with

two steps
hcu 300 mm and (1)
tan 1 =>

hcu
lcuwidthc /2

1 => hcu 1 * (1.25-0.45)/2=> hcu 0.4 m (2)

From (1) and (2) => hcu = 0.4 m

Computing of the neccesary reinforcement in the reinforced concrete pad.

Mx = B[

poI x2 ( p 1 p 0 )l x
+
]
2
3
2

My =

poI y 2 ( p 3 p 0 )l y
L[
+
]
2
3

The pressures on the base of the reinforced concrete pad are:

P1,2 =

P1 =

Nk 6M cx

LB L2B

; P3,4 =

602.07
644.35
+
1.251.25 1.2521.25

Nk 6M cy

LB LB2

=385.32+136.24 = 521.56 kN/m2

P1design = 521.56 * 1.35 = 704.11kN/m2

P2 =

602.07
644.35

1.251.25 1.2521.25

= 385.32136.24

= 249.08 kN/m2

P2design = 249.08 * 1.35 = 336.25 kN/m2

P3 =

602.07
646.92
+
1.251.25 1.2521.25

= 385.32+ 144.13

= 529.45 kN/m2

P3design = 529.45 * 1.35 = 714.76 kN/m2

P4 =

602.07
646.92

1.251.25 1.2521.25

= 385.32144.13

= 241.19 kN/m2

P4design = 241.19 * 1.35 = 325.6 kN/m2

P0x = 426.07 kN/m2 => P0xdesign = 426.07 * 1.35 = 575.2 kN/m2
P0y = 438.81kN/m2 => P0ydesign = 438.81 * 1.35 = 592.4 kN/m2

Mx = 1.25 * [575.2 *

0.42
2

+ ( 704.11 575.2) *

0.42
3 ] = 66.11 kNm

My = 1.25 * [592.4 *

0.4
2

+ ( 714.76 592.4) *

0.4
3

] = 67.39 kNm

Reinforcement PC 52, 14 is proposed

Mx,y
=

b ,ld 21,2fcd

=1-

12

Anec1 = * b,l * d1,2 *

fcd
fyd

d1 = Hcu 2.5 0.7 [cm] = 40 2.5 0.7 = 0.368 m

d2 = Hcu 2.5 0.7 1.4 [cm] = 40 2.5 0.7 1.4 = 0.354 m
fcd (for concrete C 16/20) = 16 / 1.5 = 10.667
fyd (for PC 52) = 345 / 1.15 = 300
Computing the neccesary area of reinforcement on width.
Mx
=

2
1

ld fcd

=1-

44.35
2
3
1.250.368 10.66710

= 0.024

120.024 = 0.0242

Anec1 = 0.024 * 1.25 * 0.368 * 0.03555 = 9.63 * 10-4 m2 = 3.91 cm2 (1)
From the geometric point of view, we must fulfill the following conditions:
min = 10 mm;
min = 10%;
dmin = 100mm ; dmax = 250mm;

A reinf min
A concrete

min =

* 100 => Areinf =

0.140125
100

= 5 cm2 (2)

From (1) and (2) => Amin reinf = 5 cm2

Diameter of the bar = 14 => No. of bars =

B2c nd
n1

d =

5
1.4 2
4

12523.541.4
3

= 3.24=>4 bars.

= 37.46 cm > dmax = 25 cm => from

geometrical conditions the space between bars has to be reduced

d=

B2c nd
n1

12523.571.4
=18.03<25cm =>
6

=> For width of the concrete pad will be used 7 bars of PC52 14.
Computing the neccesary area of reinforcement on length.
My
=

2
2

ld fcd

=1-

46.92
2
3
1.250.354 10.66710

= 0.028

120.028 = 0.028

Anec1 = 0.028 * 1.25 * 0.354 * 0.03555 = 4.39 * 10-4 m2 = 4.39 cm2 (1)
From the geometric point of view, we must fulfill the following conditions:
min = 10 mm;
min = 10%;
dmin = 100mm ; dmax = 250mm;
min =

A reinf min
A concrete

* 100 => Areinf =

From (1) and (2) => Amin reinf = 5 cm2

0.140125
100

= 5 cm2 (2)

Diameter of the bar = 14 => No. of bars =

d =

L2cnd
n1

5
1.4 2
4

12523.541.4
3

= 3.24 = 4 bars.

= 26.92 cm > dmax = 25 cm => from

geometrical conditions the space between bars has to be reduced

d=

L2cnd
n1

12523.571.4
6

= 18.03 cm

=> For length of the concrete pad will be used 7 bars of PC52 14