ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS

PROJECT WORKTASK 2 / 2016

NAME: TAN XIN LE
CLASS: 5BESTARI
IC.NUMBER: 990913-14-5745
TEACHER: PUAN LATIFAH HAJI ARSHAD

CONTENTS
NO

TOPIC

PAGE

1.

Title of projects

2.

Introduction

3.

Acknowledgement

4.

History

5.

Objective

6.

Section A

6-13

7.

Section B

14-20

8.

Conclusion

21-23

9.

Reflection

24

TITLE
APPLICATION
OF
MATHEMATICS
IN
POPCORN
PACKAGING

INTRODUCTION
Popcorn is a type of corn that expands from
the kernel and puffs up when heated. Popcorn is
able to pop like, amaranth grain, sorghum, quinoa,
and millet When heated, pressure builds within the
kernel, and a small explosion (or "pop") is the end
result. Some strains of corn are now cultivated
specifically as popping corns.

There are various techniques for popping corn.

Along with prepackaged popcorn, which is
generally intended to be prepared in a microwave
oven, there are small home appliances for popping
corn. These methods require the use of minimally
processed popping corn.

A larger-scale, commercial popcorn

machine was invented by Charles Cretors in the
late 19th century.

Unpopped popcorn is considered nonperishable

and will last indefinitely if stored in ideal
conditions.

Depending on how it is prepared and cooked,

some consider popcorn to be a health food, while
others caution against it for a variety of reasons.
Popcorn can also have non-food applications,
ranging from holiday decorations to packaging
materials.

Acknowledgem
ent
First of all, I would like to express my special thanks of
gratitude to my additional mathematics teacher, Puan Latifah
Haji Arshad who gave me the opportunity to do this project and
help me a lot throughout finishing this project. Without her
guide, I may not finish my project and do it properly.
Secondly, I would like to thanks my parents and my family
for providing everything, such as money to buy anything that are
related to this project and their advises, which is the most needed
to do this project. I am grateful for their constant support and
help. Not forgotten to my friends who have contributed lots
of idea in finding the topic that would be interesting to do and
gave their comments on my research. I really appreciate their
kindness and help.
Beside that, I want to thanks to the respondents for helping
and spending their time to answer my questions for this

project. Without respondents, I might not be able to complete this

project because their co-operation in answering the questions, I
have the conclusion for this project.
Last but not least, I would like to express my thankfulness to
those who are involved either directly or indirectly in completing
this project. Thank you for all the co-operation given.

HISTORY OF
POPCORN
Popcorn was first discovered thousands of years ago by Native
Americans. It is one of the oldest forms of corn: evidence of popcorn
from 3600 B.C. was found in New Mexico and even earlier evidence
dating to perhaps as early as 4700 BC was found in Peru. Some
Popcorn has been found in early 1900s to be a purple color.
The English who came to America in the 16th and 17th centuries
learned about popcorn from the Native Americans.
During the Great Depression, popcorn was comparatively cheap
at 5 -10 cents a bag and became popular. Thus, while other
businesses failed, the popcorn business thrived and became a source
of income for many struggling farmers. During World War II , sugar
rations diminished candy production, causing Americans to eat three
times as much popcorn than they had before.

At least six localities (all in the Midwestern United States)claim

to be the "Popcorn Capital of the World":Ridgway, Illinois; Valparaiso,
Indiana; Van Buren, Indiana; Schaller, Iowa; Marion, Ohio; and North
Loup, Nebraska. According to the USDA, most of the corn used for
popcorn production is specifically planted for this purpose; most is
grown in Nebraska and Indiana , with increasing area in Texas.
As the result of an elementary school project, popcorn became
the official state snack food of Illinois, U.S.A.

objectives
Apply and adapt a variety of problem-solving strategies solve
routine and non-routine problems.
Acquire effective mathematical communication through oral
and writing, and to use the language of mathematics to
express mathematical ideas correctly and precisely.

Increase interest and confidence as well as enhance

acquisition of mathematical knowledge and skills that are
useful for career and future undertakings.
Realize that mathematics is an important and powerful tool
in solving real-life problems and hence develop positive
attitude towards mathematics.

 Train students not only to be independent learners but also

collaborate, to cooperate, and to share knowledge in
an engaging and healthy environment.
Use technology especially the ICT appropriately and
effectively.
Train students to appreciate the intrinsic values of
mathematics and to become more creative and innovative.
Realize the importance and the beauty of mathematics.

SECTIO
NA

QUESTION 1
For this activity, you will be comparing the volume of 2 cylinders
created using the same sheet of paper. You will be determining
which dimension can hold more popcorn. To do this, you will have
to find a pattern for the dimensions for the containers.
Materials :
8.5 x 11 in. white paper, 8.5 x 11 in. colored paper, tape,
popcorn plate, cup, ruler
1. Take the white paper and roll it up along the longest side to
form a baseless cylinder that is tall and narrow. Do not
overlap the sides. Tape along the edges. Measure the
dimensions with a ruler and record your data below and on
the cylinder. Label it Cylinder A

2. Take the colored paper and roll it up along the shorter side to
form a baseless cylinder that is short and stout. Do not
overlap the sides. Tape along the edge. Measure the height
and diameter with a ruler and record your data below and on
the cylinder. Label it Cylinder B.

ANSWER 1
DIMENSIO
N
HEIGHT
DIAMETER
RADIUS

CYLINDER A

CYLINDER B

11.0
2.0
1.0

8.5
3.0
1.5

QUESTION 2
Do you think the two cylinders will hold the same
amount?
Do you think one will hold more than the
other? Which one? Why?

ANSWER 2

The two cylinders will hold the different amount.

Cylinder B will hold more than Cylinder A. This is

because the radius of Cylinder B is longer and this

make the volume is bigger than Cylinder A.
Although the height of Cylinder B is shorter than
Cylinder A, but this does not affect much compare
the affect of different in radius.

QUESTION 3
Place Cylinder B on the paper plate with Cylinder A
inside it. Use your cup to pour popcorninto Cylinder
A until is full. Carefully, lift Cylinder A so that the
popcorn falls into Cylinder B.Describe what
happened. Is Cylinder B full, not full or over
flowing?

ANSWER 3
Cylinder B is not full. There is still space in the
cylinder for more popcorn.

QUESTION 4
a) Was your prediction correct? How do you know?
b) If your prediction is incorrect, describe what
actually happened?

ANSWER 4
a) Yes, the prediction is correct. It is based on
the formula, volume of cylinder equals to.
According to the formula, radius, r has more effect

than height, h since radius, r is squared. Thus, the

Cylinder B with greater radius, r have the greater
volume, V than Cylinder A.
b) Cylinder B has a greater volume than Cylinder A.

QUESTION 5
a) State the formula for finding the volume of a
cylinder
b) Calculate the volume of Cylinder A.
c) Calculate the volume of Cylinder B.
d) Explain why the cylinders do or do not hold the
same amount. Use the formula for the formula for
the volume of a cylinder to guide your explanation.

ANSWER 5
a) V=rh

b) V=rh
= x 1.0 x 11
=34.56 inch
c) V=rh
= x 1.5 x 8.5
=60.08 inch
d) The cylinders have different radius and heights,
so the volumes are different.

Data and Observations:

The cylinder with have the greater radius

and diameter will have the greater volume

The radius of Cylinder B is greater than

Cylinder A.

The volume of Cylinder B is greater than

Cylinder A.

So, Cylinder B holds more popcorn than

Cylinder B.

DIMENSION

CYLINDE CLINDE
RA
RB
HEIGHT,inch
11.0
8.5
DIAMETER,inch
2.0
3.0

RADIUS.inch
1.0
1.5
VOLOME,inch
34.56
60.08

Chart Title
70

60

50

40
Axis Title
30

20

10

Height,inch

Diameter,inch

Radius,inch

Volume,inch

QUESTION 6
Which measurement impacts the volume more:
the radius or the height? Work through the example
below to help you answer the question.

Assume that you have a cylinder with a radius of 3 inches

and a height of 10 inches. Increase the radius by 1 inch
and determine the new volume. Then using the original
radius, increase the height by 1 inch and determine the
new volume.
CYLINDER
ORIGINAL
INCREASED
RADIUS
INCREASED
HEIGHT

RADIUS
3

HEIGHT
10

VOLUME

Which increased the dimension had a larger impact on

the volume of the cylinder? Why do youthink this is true?

ANSWER 6
CYLINDER
ORIGINAL
INCREASED
RADIUS
INCREASED
HEIGHT

RADIUS
3
5

HEIGHT
10
10

VOLUME
282.74
785.40

12

339.29

Increasing the radius increased the volume more than increasing

the height. This is because the radius is squared to find the
volume, which increases its impact on the volume.

SECTIO
N
B

QUESTION

If you were buying popcorn at the movie theater and

wanted the most popcorn, what type of container
would you look for?
Clue : You need more than one type of containers.
You are given 300 cm of thin sheet material.
Explain the details.

ANSWER
1.Cylinder Container opened top
Surface Area = 2 +=300

300 r 2
2

(300 r )
2

Maximum Volume =

300 r
2 r

dV
dr

)=(
= (

300 r r
2 r

=0

300 r r
)
-1
2 r

3r
=150
2

3 = 300

dV
dr

=150

300
2

300 rr
2

3 r
2

= 100

= 5.64cm

=0

3 r
2

h =

300 r
2 r

300 (5.64)
2 (5.64 )

Volume: 563.62cm

h =5.64cm

2.Cube Container opened top

Surface Area = l + 4l = 300cm

5 l = 300l
= 60l
= 7.75cm

Volume = l
= (7.75)
= 465.48 cm

3.Cuboid Container opened top

Assume that length is twice its width or others

Surface Area = 2l +4hl= 300cm

h=

3002 l
4l

150=3l
Volume=2lh
=2l

l=50
3002 l
)
4l

l=7.07cm

dV
dr

Maximum value,

= 0

h=

3002(7.07)
4(7.07)

2l

3002 l
)
4l

h=7.07cm

600l 4 l
(
)
4l

=(

600 l 4 l
4

=150l-l
dV
dr

)l -1

Volume=2lh

= 150 -3l = 0

=2(7.07)(7.07)
=706.79cm

4.Cuboid Container opened top

Assume that length is equal to its width

Surface Area = l + 4hl = 300

h=
(

300l 2
)
4l

300l
4l

Volume=lh
=l

Maximum Volume,
dV
dr

75 =

dV
dr

=0

= 75 -

3l
4

=0

31
4

l =10
h=5
Volume = 500

5. Hexagon Container opened top

Assume that the length of the side = x

Area of the base = 6[

=6 [

1
2
1
2

ab sin ]
x.x.sin ]

3 3
2

Surface Area = 6hx +

h=

3 3
x )
2

= 300

3 3 2
x)
2
6x

300(

Volume = base area x height

dV
dl

300 3
4

27 x
4

=
=

3 3
x h
2

3 3
x (
2

300 3
4
33 2
x
2
)
6x

300

27 x
4

x =4.39
h = 9.49

Maximum Value ,

dV
dr

=0

Volume =

475.17

6. Cone Container opened top

From the diagram, x = r + h

Surface Area = r x = 300 cm Volume =

r x = 300
(

Volume =

90000 2 r 4
)
2 r2

r ( r + h) = 90000
h =

90000 r
r

Maximum Volume ,
dV
dl

dV
dr

=0

= 10000 -

300 3
4

r
3

r
3

r =7.42
h = 10.51

Volume =

1
3

(7.42) (10.51)

=605.95

=0

1
3

r
1
9

CONCLUSION
Container Height Radius Length Width Volum
e
Cylinder 5.64
5.64
563.69
Cube
7.75
7.75
7.75
465.48
Cuboid 1
7.07
7.07
14.14
706.79
Cuboid
5.00
10.00
10.00 500.00
2
Hexago
9.49
4.39(side
475.17
)
n
Cone
10.51
7.42
605.95
Shape of containers that give the most popcorn reflect
the maximum volume. From the activity earlier, I found
that increasing the radius increased the volume more than
increasing the height. This is because the radius is squared
to find the volume, which increases its impact on the
volume. From the calculations, it has been found that
cuboid1 can be filled in with the most amount popcorn. It
followed by cone, cuboid2, and hexagon. These means that
cube is the container that can be filled with the least
amount of popcorn. Randomly, surveying at the movie
theater, no cube or cuboid shapes can be found. Therefore,
in this case, the cuboid1 was the most preferable container
that can have the most popcorns.

i)

You are the popcorn seller, what type of container

would you look for?

If I was the popcorn seller, I will look for cube

shape container. It is because the least popcorns
will be in. So, I will get the most profit for my
sale. Furthermore, it is cute and simple shape.

ii)

You are the producer of the containers, what type

of container would you choose to have the most
profit?

If I was the producer of the popcorns containers,

I will look for cylinder shape container. It is
because this shape is the easiest production and it
takes less effort and also no time consuming the
produce.

Series 1

563.69

Cylinder

Cube

465.48

706.79

Cuboid 1

Cuboid 2

Hexagon

Cone

500

475.17

605.95

Reflection
In the making of this project, I have spent countless
hours doing this project. I realized that this
subject is a compulsory to me. Without it, I cant fulfill my big
dreams and wishes.
I used to hate Additional Mathematics
It always make me wonder why this subject is so difficult
It always an absolute obstacle for me
Throughout day and night
I sacrificed my precious time to have fun
From
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday,,,
And even the weekend that I always looking forward to
From now on, I will do my best on every second that I will
learn Additional Mathematics full of effort!