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Cooling towers are a very important part of many chemical plants. They rep
relatively inexpensive and dependable means of removing low grade heat from
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Mechanical draft towers offer control of cooling rates in their fan diameter an
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Cooling Tower Theory
Heat is transferred from water drops to the surrounding air by the transfer of
latent heat.
Cooling Towers
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Cooling Towers.
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where:
KaV/L = tower characteristic
K = mass transfer coefficient (lb water/h ft2)
a = contact area/tower volume
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Cooling range
Approach to wet bulb temperature
Mass flowrate of water
Web bulb temperature
Air velocity through tower or individual tower cell
Tower height
In short, nomographs such as the one shown on page 12-15 of Perry's Chemi
Handbook 6th Ed. utilize the cold water temperature, wet bulb temperature, and
temperature to find the water concentration in gal/min ft2. The tower area can
calculated by dividing the water circulated by the water concentration. Genera
usually used to determine tower height depending on the necessary time of con
Approach to Wet Bulb (0F)
15-20
10-15
5-10
Tower Heig
15-20
25-30
35-40
References:
1. The Standard Handbook of Plant Engineering, 2nd Edition, Rosaler, Robert
Hill, New York, 1995
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