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PSPICE Demonstrations and Exercises (SET: 14)
Analysis:
To determine the shape of the
output characteristic calculate the
collector current as a function of
the collector-emitter voltage VCE.
For VCE<0.2 (an assumed small
voltage). The transistor is
operating in the reverse-active
region. IE=-RIB=-50A.
IC=IE/R=-60A.
For -0.2<VCE<0.2V the transistor
is operating in the saturation
region and appears as a closed
switch with varying currents
maintaining IB+IC-IE=0. For
VCE>0.2 the transistor is
operating in the forward active
region. IC=FIB and
IE=IC/F=260A.
250
200
150
100
50
0
-5
-3
-1 -50
-100
Voltage VCE (Volts)
Page: 2 of 7
Q1
VCE
Qbreakn
0Vdc
IB
0Adc
Symbol
Spice
Name
IS
Is
Bf
VAF
VAf
rB
Rb
Br
Model
Parameter
Saturation
Current
Forward
current gain
Forward Early
Voltage
Base ohmic
resistance
Reverse current
gain
Default
Value
0.1fA
100
0
1
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2.0mA
1.0mA
0A
-1.0mA
-5V
0V
5V
V_VCE
2.0mA
IB=50uA
Click OK and
stamp the label
beside the green
curve to which it
corresponds.
Repeat for the other
two plots which
correspond to 30A
and 50A.
1.0mA
IB=30uA
IB=10uA
0A
-1.0mA
-5V
0V
10V
-I(VCE)
5V
10V
-I(VCE)
V_VCE
Notice that the collector current is higher when IB is higher. Note that in the reverse and forward active
regions the collector current is virtually constant and does not depend on VCE but in the saturation region
the current varies quite dramatically with small changes in VCE.
VBE
1 . This is exactly the formula for
VT
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
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Page: 6 of 7
V_Ammeter-IC 0Vdc
Q1
Netlist:
*source PSET14EXAMPLE2
Q_Q1
N00087
V_VBE
N00007
V_V_Ammeter-IC
N00007
VBE
N00007 0 Qbreakn
0 0Vdc
N00087 0Vdc
0Vdc
3.0A
2.0A
1.0A
0A
0V
0.2V
I(V_Ammeter-IC)
0.4V
0.6V
V_VBE
0.8V
1.0V
Qbreakn
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