1.

PEABODY DEVELOPMENTAL MOTOR SCALES - FINE MOTOR SCALES

(PDMS-2)
TEST DESCRIPTION: The PDMS-2 is composed of six subtests that measure interrelated
motor abilities that develop early in life. It was designed to assess the motor skills in children
from birth through 5 years of age, and reliability and validity have been determined empirically.
The Fine Motor Scales consist of the Grasping subtest and the Visual-Motor Integration subtest.
The Grasping subtest measures a childs ability to use his or her hands. It begins with the ability
to hold an object with one hand and progresses to the actions involving the controlled use of the
fingers of both hands. The Visual-Motor Integration subtest measures a childs ability to use his
or her visual perceptual skills to perform complex eye-hand coordination tasks, such as
reaching and grasping for an object, building with blocks and copying designs.
TEST RESULTS
FINE MOTOR
Subtests

Age
Raw
Equivalents
Scores

Grasping

months

Visual-Motor
Integration

months

Percentile

Standard
Score

Description
of
Performance

TOTAL
Fine-Motor
Quotient
Description of Performance
for Subtest Standard Scores
17-20 Very Superior
15-16 Superior
13-14 Above Average
8-12 Average
6-7
Below Average
4-5
Poor
1-3
Very Poor

Description of Performance
for Quotient Scores
131-165
Very Superior
121-130
Superior
111-120
Above Average
90-110
Average
80-89
Below Average
70-79
Poor
35-69
Very Poor

2. MILLER ASSESSMENT FOR PRESCHOOLERS (MAP)

TEST DESCRIPTION
The MAP is a developmental assessment which identifies children who exhibit mild to moderate
pre-academic problems or developmental delays.
TEST RESULTS: please note that only 2 of the 5 indices were used for this assessment
Raw

Percentile

Description
of Performance

Performance Indices

Score

4. Non-verbal Index
(Visual perceptual abilities with
minimal motor components)

#R:
#Y:

5. Complex Tasks Index

(Visual spatial activities with a motor

#R:
#Y:

Score

(see below)

Description of Performance for Percentile Score

Scores above 25
- within normal limits
Scores between 6-25
- appears to need monitoring
Scores below 6
- appears to need further evaluation or
remedial input
3. SENSORY PROFILE (DUNN, 1999.)
TEST DESCRIPTION: A caregiver questionnaire that asks the rater to indicate the frequency of
the childs responses to sensory experiences.
Sensory Processing

Section Raw
Score Total
/40
/45
/55
/90
/35
/60

Typical
Performance
40 ---------- 30
45 ---------- 32
55 ---------- 48
90 ---------- 73
35 ---------- 27
60 ---------- 46

Probable
Difference
29 ----------- 26
31 ----------- 27
47 ----------- 45
72 ----------- 65
26 ----------- 24
45 ----------- 40

Definite
Difference
25 ----------- 8
26 ----------- 9
44 -----------11
64 -----------18
23 ------------7
39 ---------- 12

/45

45 ---------- 39

38 ----------- 36

35 ----------- 9

/50

50 ---------- 41

40 ----------- 36

35 ---------- 10

/35

35 -------- 23

22 ----------- 19

18 ------------- 7

/20

20 ---------- 16

15 ------------14

13 ----------- 4

/20

20 -----------15

14 --------- 12

11 ------------- 4

/85

85 ---------- 63

62 ----------- 55

54 -----------17

/30

30 ---------- 22

21----------- 19

18 ----------- 6

/15

15 ---------- 12

11 ----------- 10

9 ------------- 3

A. Auditory Processing
B. Visual Processing
C. Vestibular Processing
D. Touch Processing
E. Multisensory Processing
F. Oral Sensory Processing
Modulation
G. Sensory Processing Related
to Endurance/Tone
H. Modulation Related to Body
Position and Movement
I. Modulation of Movement
Affecting Activity Level
J. Modulation of Sensory Input
Affecting Emotional Responses
K. Modulation of Visual Input
Affecting Emotional Responses
& Activity Level
Behaviour & Emotional Responses
L. Emotional/Social Responses
M. Behavioural Outcomes of
Sensory Processing
N. Items Indicating Thresholds
for Response
FACTOR
1. Sensory Seeking
2. Emotionally Reactive
3. Low Endurance/Tone
4. Oral Sensory/Sensitivity
5. Inattention/Distractibility
6. Poor Registration

Factor Raw
Score Total
/85
/80
/45
/45
/35
/40

Typical
Performance
85 --------------- 63
80 --------------- 57
45 --------------- 39
45 --------------- 33
35 --------------- 25
40 --------------- 33

Probable
Difference
62 -------------- 55
56 -------------- 48
38 -------------- 36
32 ------------ 27
24 -------------- 22
32 -------------- 30

Definite
Difference
54 ----------- 17
47 ------------16
35 ------------- 9
26 -------------- 9
21 ------------- 7
29 ------------- 8

7. Sensory Sensitivity
8. Sedentary
9. Fine Motor/Perceptual

/20
/20
/15

20 --------------- 16
20 ------------- 12
15 --------------- 10

15 -------------- 14
11 -------------- 10
9 ----------------- 8

13 ------------ 4
9 ---------------- 4
7 ---------------3

4. SHORT SENSORY PROFILE

Test Description: A short caregiver questionnaire that measures sensory modulation during daily
life.
Section Raw
SECTION
Score Total
Tactile Sensitivity
31/45
Taste/Smell Sensitivity
14/20
Movement Sensitivity
14/15
Underresponsive/Seeks
Sensation
24/35
Auditory Filtering
26/30
Low Energy/Weak
30/30
Visual/Auditory
Sensitivity
20/25
Total
159/190

Typical
Performance
35------------30
20--------------15
15------------13

Probable
Difference
29--------------27
14-------------12
12--------------11

Definite
Difference
26---------------7
11---------------4
10---------------3

35--------------27
30------------23
30------------26

26-------------24
22--------------20
25--------------24

23---------------7
19---------------6
23---------------6

25------------19
190--------155

18--------------16
154-----------142

15---------------5
141------------38

4. BEERY/BUKTENICA DEVELOPMENTAL TESTS OF VISUAL MOTOR INTEGRATION

(VMI), VISUAL PERCEPTION & MOTOR COORDINATION.
TEST DESCRIPTION:
The VMI assesses a child's ability to use his/her eyes (visual) and hands (motor) together to copy
progressively more difficult geometric forms on paper with a pencil. The tasks on the VMI test
involve many skills that are thought to be related to pre-printing and printing abilities. The visual
perception subtest allows the child to match shapes without a motor component. The motor
coordination subtest allows the child to trace shapes with limited visual perception requirements.
TEST RESULTS
Raw
Score

Standard
Score

Scaled
Score

Percentile

Performance

VMI
Visual
Perception
Motor Coordination
Description of Performance for Standard Score
>129
Very High
120-129
High
110-119
Above Average

Age
Equivalent

90-109
80-89
70-79
<70

Average
Below Average
Low
Very Low

5. BRUININKS-OSERETSKY TEST OF MOTOR PROFICIENCY

TEST DESCRIPTION
The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency assesses gross and fine motor abilities. Only
the fine motor portion was used for this assessment.
TEST RESULTS
Point
Score

Subtests

Subtest
Standard
Score

Description of Performance
(see below)

Fine Motor Subtests

Response Speed
Visual Motor Control
Upper Limb Speed & Dexterity
FINE MOTOR COMPOSITE

Sum =
Composite Standard
Score=
Percentile Rank =

Description of Performance for

Subtest Standard Score
------------------------------------------------21-25 - above average
10-20 - average
5-9 - below average
0-4 - well below average

Description of Performance for

Composite Standard Score
--------------------------------------------------------61-70 - above average
40-60 - average
30-39 - below average
20-29 - well below average

6a). BRUININKS-OSERETSKY TEST OF MOTOR PROFICIENCY- 2ND EDITION

TEST DESCRIPTION: The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd edition (BOT-2) is
a measure of fine and gross motor control skills. It consists of four motor-area composites. The
fine motor composites of Fine Manual Control and Manual Coordination were used in this
Occupational Therapy assessment. Fine Manual Control assesses motor skills involved in
writing and drawing, which require a relatively high degree of precision. Manual Coordination
assesses motor skills involved in reaching, grasping, and manipulating objects, with an
emphasis on speed, dexterity, and coordination of arms and hands.
TEST RESULTS
Total
Point
Score

Scaled
Score

Standard
Score

Percentile
Rank

Age Equivalent

Descriptive
Category

Fine Motor
Precision
Fine Motor
Integration
Fine Manual
Control
Composite
Manual
Dexterity

Sum =

Upper-Limb
Coordination
Manual
Coordination
Composite

Sum =

Descriptive Category
Well-Above Average
Above Average
Average
Below Average
Well-Below Average

Scale Score
Range
25 or greater
20-24
11-19
6-10
5 or less

Standard Score
Range
70 or greater
60-69
41-59
31-40
30 or less

Percentile Rank
Range
98 or greater
84-97
18-83
3-17
2 or less

6b). BRUININKS-OSERETSKY TEST OF MOTOR PROFICIENCY- 2ND EDITION

TEST DESCRIPTION: The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd edition (BOT-2) is
a measure of fine and gross motor control skills. It consists of four motor-area composites.
a) Fine Manual Control assesses motor skills involved in writing and drawing, which require a
relatively high degree of precision.
b) Manual Coordination assesses motor skills involved in reaching, grasping, and manipulating
objects, with an emphasis on speed, dexterity, and coordination of arms and hands.
c) Body Coordination encompasses control and coordination of the large musculature that
aids in maintaining posture and balance.
d) Strength and Agility encompasses control and coordination of the large musculature
involved in locomotion, especially recreational and competitive sports.
TEST RESULTS
Total
Point
Score

Scaled
Score

Standard
Score

Percentile
Rank

Age Equivalent

Descriptive
Category

Fine Motor
Precision
Fine Motor
Integration
Fine Manual
Control
Composite
Manual
Dexterity

Sum =

Upper-Limb
Coordination
Manual
Coordination
Composite
Bilateral
Coordination

Sum =

Balance
Body
Coordination

Sum =

Running Speed
& Agility
Strength
Strength &
Agility
Descriptive Category
Well-Above Average
Above Average
Average
Below Average
Well-Below Average

Sum =
Scale Score
Range
25 or greater
20-24
11-19
6-10
5 or less

Standard Score
Range
70 or greater
60-69
41-59
31-40
30 or less

Percentile Rank
Range
98 or greater
84-97
18-83
3-17
2 or less

7. MOTOR-FREE VISUAL PERCEPTUAL TEST, 3rd Edition (MVPT-3)

TEST DESCRIPTION
Motor Free Visual Perceptual Test, 3rd edition, assesses an individuals visual perceptual ability
without any motor involvement required to make a response, i.e. use of hands. It is designed for
screening, diagnostic, and research purposes. Areas assessed include:
Spatial Relationships:
Visual Discrimination:

the ability to identify a form that is oriented in a different direction

from other similar forms.
the ability to identify a dissimilar form from among similar forms.

Figure Ground:
Visual Closure:
Visual Memory:

the ability to distinguish a form from its background.

the ability to identify incomplete figures when only fragments are
presented.
the ability to immediately remember a form or a series of forms
and identify it from among similar forms.

TEST RESULTS
Raw Score
Standard Score
Percentile Rank
Age Equivalent
Performance Range
Description of Scores
Verbal Description Range of Standard
Scores
Very Superior
130 and above
Superior
120-129
High Average
110-119
Average
90-109
Low Average
80-89
Low
70-79
Very Low
69 and below

Range of
Percentile Ranks
98 and above
91-97
75-90
25-74
9-24
2-8
2 and below

Percentage in
Population
2
7
16
50
16
7
2

8. GARDENER TEST OF HANDWRITING SKILLS

TEST DESCRIPTION
The Gardener Test of Handwriting assesses handwriting ability and compares it to other children
of the same age. It measures how the child writes letters, words, sentences and numbers, either
spontaneously, from dictation or by copying.
In this case, only 3 subtests were completed, so overall scores cannot be calculated.
TEST RESULTS
Subtest
Raw
Scores

Standard
Scores

Scaled
Scores

Percentile
Rank

Stanine

Description
of
Performance

1-capital
alphabet
2-lowercase
alphabet
5-dictated
numbers
Description of Performance for Standard Scores
116-130: Above average
85-115: Average
70-84: Below Average
<69: Well Below Average
9. FIRST ASSESSMENT OF THE SCREENING TEST AND ACADEMIC RECORD
(F.A.S.T.A.R.)

TEST DESCRIPTION: The F.A.S.T.A.R. is a timed test which compares printing/writing speed
and skill to children of the same age. There are 8 visual-motor subtests in total.
TEST RESULTS
Visual Motor
Subtests
Alphabet from memory
Copying the AlphabetPrinting Lowercase
Copying the AlphabetPrinting Uppercase
Copying a Paragraph
Printing

Raw Score
(point score)

z-score

Description of Performance
(see below)
Average
Average
Below Average/Average
Average
Below Average
Below Average
Below Average
Below Average

1 minute:
2 minutes:
3 minutes:
4 minutes:

Copying Numerals

Description of Performance for z-score

+1.00 to +2.00- above average
-1.00 to +1.00- average
-1.00 to -2.00- below average
-2.00 to -3.00- well below average
-3.00 to -4.00- low

10. DEVELOPMENTAL TEST OF VISUAL PERCEPTION (2ND EDITION)

TEST DESCRIPTION: A battery of eight subtests that measure different but interrelated
visual perceptual and visual-motor abilities.
Eye-Hand Coordination: measures the ability to draw precise straight or curved lines in
accordance with visual boundaries.
Position in Space: measures the ability to match two figures according to their common
features.
Copying: measures the ability to recognize the features of a design and to draw it from a model.
Figure-Ground: measures the ability to see specified figures even when they are hidden in
confusing, complex backgrounds.
Spatial Relations: measures the ability to connect dots to reproduce visually presented patterns.
Visual Closure: measures the ability to recognize a stimulus figure when it has been
incompletely drawn.
Visual-Motor Speed: measures the rapidity with which a child can make certain marks in certain
designs.
Form Constancy: measures the ability to match two figures that vary on one or more
discriminating features (i.e., size, position, or shade).
TEST RESULTS
Subtests
Eye Hand
Coordination
Position in
Space

Raw
Score

Standard
Score

Percentile

Age Equivalent
yrs, mths
yrs, mths

Description of
Performance

Copying
Figure-Ground
Spatial
Relations
Visual Closure
Visual-Motor
Speed
Form
Constancy

yrs, mths
yrs, mths
yrs, mths
yrs, mths
yrs, mths
yrs, mths

General Visual Perception Quotient: ( ); percentile; Age Equiv.=

Motor-Reduced Visual Perception Quotient: ( ); percentile; Age Equiv.=
Visual-Motor Integration Quotient: ( ); percentile; Age Equivalent=
Subtest Standard Scores
17-20
Very Superior
15-16
Superior
13-14
Above Average
8-12
Average
6-7
Below Average
4-5
Poor
1-3
Very Poor

Composite Quotients
>130
Very Superior
121-130 Superior
111-120 Above Average
90-110 Average
80-89 Below Average
70-79 Poor
<70
Very Poor

11. PURDUE PEGBOARD

TEST DESCRIPTION
The Purdue Pegboard test was administered to assess hand speed and dexterity involved in the
manipulation of small objects, using one hand at a time and using both hands together in
various peg placement tasks.
TEST RESULTS
Hands Used

Right

Raw Score

Standard Score

Description
of Performance
(see below)

SD below the
mean of (+/____)

Left

SD below the
mean of (+/____)

Both

SD below the
mean of (+/___)

Assembly

SD below the
mean of (+/___)

Description of Performance for Purdue Standard Scores

+1.00 to +2.00- above average
-1.00 to +1.00- average

Performance
Age
(Optional)

-1.00 to -2.00- below average

-2.00 to -3.00- well below average
-3.00 to -4.00- low

12. TEST OF VISUAL PERCEPTUAL SKILLS - NON MOTOR (T.V.P.S.)

TEST DESCRIPTION
The Test of Visual Perceptual Skills - (non-motor) - assesses the ability to perceive and interpret
visual information without requiring a motor action, i.e. use of hands.
These visual perceptual skills include:

Visual Discrimination - the ability to identify a dissimilar form from among similar forms

Visual Memory - the ability to immediately remember a form and identify it from among
similar forms

Visual Spatial - the ability to identify a form that is oriented in a different direction from
other similar forms

Visual Form Constancy - the ability to identify a form from among similar forms even
though it may be smaller, larger, rotated or reversed

Visual Sequential Memory - the ability to immediately remember a series of forms shown
from among similar forms

Visual Figure Ground - the ability to distinguish a form from its background

Visual Closure - the ability to identify incomplete figures when only fragments are
presented
TEST RESULTS
Visual Motor
Subtests

Raw Score
(point score)

Scaled
Scores

Description of Performance
(see below)

1. Visual Discrimination
2. Visual Memory
3. Visual-spatial Relation
4. Visual Form Constancy
5. Visual Sequential
Memory
6. Visual Figure-Ground
7. Visual Closure
PERCEPTUAL QUOTIENT
Description of Performance for
Subtest Scaled Score
14-16 - above average
7-13 - average
4-6 - below average

Description of Performance for

Perceptual Quotient Standard Score
116-130 - above average
85-115 - average
70- 84 - below average

1-3 - well below average

<69

- well below average

13. PEDIATRIC VISUAL MOTOR INTEGRATION ASSESSMENT (PVMIA)

TEST DESCRIPTION: The PVMIA consists of two subtests: the drawing subtest and the block
patterns subtest, and two behaviour checklists. Visual motor integration is operationally defined
as the ability of a child to reproduce what he or she sees. The Drawing Subtest requires copying
eight line drawings of increasing levels of complexity. The Block Patterns Subtest requires the
child to copy designs of blocks using parquetry blocks, which are less familiar to preschoolers
than are the traditional one-inch cubes.
TEST RESULTS
Drawing Subtest
Raw Score
Standard Score
Stanine
Percentile Range

57
64
8
89-95

Block Patterns
Subtest
31
52
5
40-59

Combined Total
88
62
7
77-78