Orfano, Jefferson L.

MT21-A5

1.) Antoine Lavoisier

2.) A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. For a hypothesis to be a
scientific hypothesis, the scientific method requires that one can test it. Scientists generally
base scientific hypotheses on previous observations that cannot satisfactorily be explained
with the available scientific theories.

3.) In chemistry and physics, atomic theory is a scientific theory of the nature of matter, which
states that matter is composed of discrete units called atoms. It began as a philosophical
concept in ancient Greece and entered the scientific mainstream in the early 19th century
when discoveries in the field of chemistry showed that matter did indeed behave as if it were
made up of atoms.
4.) Chemistry is a branch of physical science that studies the composition, structure, properties
and change of matter. Chemistry includes topics such as the properties of individual atoms,
how atoms form chemical bonds to create chemical compounds, the interactions of
substances through intermolecular forces that give matter its general properties, and the
interactions between substances through chemical reactions to form different substances.
5.) Alessandro Volta
6.) The story of the discovery of the neutron and its properties is central to the extraordinary
developments in atomic physics that occurred in the first half of the 20th century. The century
began with Ernest Rutherford and Thoma Royds proving that alpha radiation is helium ions
in 1908 and Rutherford's model for the atom in 1911,[3] in which atoms have their mass and
positive charge concentrated in a very small nucleus.[4] The essential nature of the atomic
nucleus was established with the discovery of the neutron by James Chadwick in 1932.

8The noble gases make a group of chemical elements with similar properties.
Under standard conditions, they are all odorless, colorless, monatomic gases with very
low chemica reactiviy The six noble gases that occur naturally are helium (He), neon
(Ne), argon (Ar), krypto (Kr), xenon (Xe), and the radioactive radon (Rn). Ununoctium (Uuo),
which was recognised as an element in December 2015, is predicted to be a noble gas as
well but this fact is not confirmed.
9An atom is the basic unit of matter. The atom is the basic building block of an element,
and cannot be broken down further using any chemical means. An atom is made up of
three particles: protons, neutrons and electrons.