MAJOR PROJECT REPORT

ON
WATER CUM AIR COOLER
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE
DIPLOMA
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
H.P.T.S. BOARD DHARAMSHALA

Submitted To:
Er. Ramashankar Singh
Project Incharge
ME DEPTT GHPC SOLAN

Submitted By:
Nikhil Kumar
Mukesh Kumar
Avtar Singh
Himmat Singh
Naveen Kant
[Students of ME 6th Sem]

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

GREEN HILLS POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
KUMARHATTI, SOLAN (H.P) PIN NO:173229
2010

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON WATER CUM AIR COOLER

CONTENTS

1.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

2.

CERTIFICATE

3.

INTRODUCTION

4.

PRINCIPAL OF OPERATION

5.

CONSTRUCTION

6.

WORKING

7.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON WATER CUM AIR COOLER

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We consider it a pleasant duty to give our heartiest respect, gratitude and

indebtedness to ER. RAMASHANKAR SINGH (project incharge) ER. VIVEK GUPTA
(H.O.D. MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT) of the GREEN HILLS POLYTECHNIC
COLLEGE their keen interest, sincere deeds and valuable guidance, continuous calm
endurance and inspiration.
Last but not least we would like to thank upon all concerned persons of
this project who gave their best directly or indirectly.
We would also like to thank workshop staff who provided us necessary
facilities for completing the project.
NIKHIL KUMAR
MUKESH KUMAR
AVTAR SINGH
HIMMAT SINGH
NAVEEN KANT

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON WATER CUM AIR COOLER

CERTIFICATE

This is certify that NIKHIL, MUKESH, AVTAR, HIMMAT, NAVEEN are the
student of ME DEPARTMENT GHPC SOLAN 6th semester. These students have
undergone major project as per curriculum under my guidance. The project aim is to
modify desert cooler.

I wish them all success and good luck for their future............................

ER. VIVEK GUPTA

ER. RAMASHANKAR SINGH

H.O.D., MECH. ENGG. DEPARTMENT

PROJECT INCHARGE

GHPC, SOLAN

ME DEPTT. GHPC SOLAN

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON WATER CUM AIR COOLER

OBJECTIVE
1.

ENERGY EFFICIENT
The water cum air cooler consists of heat exchanger

with fins, one drought fan of 50 watt power, submersible fan of 1.5m head instead of
compressor. As compressor consume more power than the heat exchanger with fins,
by using heat exchanger with is to increase the rate of heat transfer.

2.

COST EFFICIENT
We made the market search and find that if one person

wants to buy the water cooler as well as desert cooler he has to pay at least ten
thousand rupees. As in this project we are providing both water and desert cooler in
one unit and this is easy to transform from one place to other. When we have
completed the project we find that money spend for buying the equipments for this
project is forty five hundred rupees, from above we can see that water and air cooler
reduce the cost by more than 50%. This project helps in saving the energy as well as
cost. This idea is greatly helpful to the middle class family and poorer family.

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON WATER CUM AIR COOLER

INTRODUCTION
As we know that the war of yesterday was for land, today is for energy and
tomorrow is for water. A country of 1.2 billion needs equipment which is energy
efficient. As there is large scarcity of energy in our country so we as an engineer has
the prime duty to make energy efficient equipment. While thinking in this direction we
came to know that water and air cooler are the basic equipment which are present in
almost every household, so we have tried to consist these two in a single unit, by using
this as a single unit we are not only reducing the space consumption but also reducing
the cost factor. When we are using water and air cooler as separate unit in home, they
consume 3 times mor electricity as compare to the equipment which contain them in
single unit. This helps in saving cost as well as energy.
Now a days, there is requirement of such domestic equipments which are
compact, have less power consumption, less maintenance and multipurpose
objectives.
The modified form of cooler is completely in proportion of above mention
requirement.

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON WATER CUM AIR COOLER

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
A water-cum air cooler works on principle of heat loss during evaporation
process, resulting in cooled air.
Evaporation process occurs when water and air comes into contact with each
other. Best example of this process is in summer season we feel cool when we stand
near to fan this is because the sweat vaporise. The process is known as latent heat of
vaporization. Latent heat of vaporization is the amount of heat required to convert
unit mass of liquid into vapour. Water and air are the two fluids between which
evaporation process takes place, actually one end of condenser is attached to the
fresh water tank which has little higher temperature than the water sprayed over the
condenser, when fresh water passes over the hollow pipes of heat exchanger with
fins the heat is transfer from the fresh water spread by the sprayer and mixture of air
and vapour is delivered by the duct.

HOW EVAPORATION TAKES PLACE.................................?

Evaporative air cooling is a naturally occurring phenomenon. When air and
water come into contact the water evaporates into the surrounding air, reducing its
temperature. This is why on a hot day it is cooler near a lake, waterfall of fountain.

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON WATER CUM AIR COOLER

CONSTRUCTION
We want to produce cooling in a room of 10' 12' we came to know that a
desert cooler of capacity

of can be able to produce cooling by decreasing the

temperature.
As we know in Indian household on an average four members are present
and each consume 1.5 litre of water so in a day they will consume 6 litre of water. As
whole of 6 litre is not consumed in one time but in intervals, so we want to have
capacity of tank in which cooled water stored is up to 1.5 litre for that purpose we use
heat exchanger which has coils with fins and which can store water up to 1.5 litre.
IT CONSISTS OF FOLLOWING PARTS
1.

TANK
It is made up of mild steel of 1.5mm thickness. It is used for the purpose of

storing water which has to be sprayed over the heat exchanger by lifting it with the help
of submersible pump, this water is fed to sprinkler. The sprinkler sprays the water on
heat exchanger and cycle goes on repeating.

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON WATER CUM AIR COOLER

2.

SUBMERSIBLE PUMP
Submersible pumps is attached to he tank, it has 1.5m head. It is used to

lift the water from the tank and fed to the sprinkler. It has capacity of
3.

HEAT EXCHANGER
Heat exchanger is a device which transfers the energy from hot fluid to

cold fluid, with maximum rate and minimum investment and running costs.
In heat exchanger the temperature of each fluid changes as it passes
through exchanger.
In the project we are using heat exchanger with fins, the property of fins is
to increase the heat transfer rate, by the use of fins, surface area is increased due to
which heat flow rate increases. Increase in surface area decreases the surface
convention resistance, whereas the conduction resistence increases. The decrease
in convention resistence is much greater than the increase in conduction resistence
in order to increase the rate of heat transfer from the surface. Fins used are
rectangular in shape.
EFFECTIVENESS OF FIN
It is the ratio of heat transfer rate to the heat transfer rate that would exist without of fin.
From the experiment we find that heat transfer rate with fins are 26% more than the
ordinary heat exchanger.

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON WATER CUM AIR COOLER

4.

KHAS-KHAS- GRASS

The air which drought fan sucks from atmosphere is cooled by this grass which
has property to absorb water. It helps to increase the efficiency of unit by providing the
inlet air at the temperature already lower than the ambient temperature. This air will
further cooled inside the unit. This Khas-Khas grass is attached to the four sides of the
cooler.

5.

DROUGHT FAN

This fan is attached to the topmost part of the cooler. Fan is of 12" and it
has rpm of 1440. This fan helps in evaporation process and duct is placed over the fan
which helps to provide mixture of air and water vapour so the person around the range
of cooler feels cools air.

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON WATER CUM AIR COOLER

WORKING

HEAT EXCHANGER with fins on the upper surface has inlet for fresh
water and outlet for cool water. The inlet water has temperature slightly more than that
of the water spread over the heat exchanger. The submersible pump lifts the water
from the tank and feed it to sprinkler, sprinkler sprays the droplets of water over the
heat exchanger, and thus the transfer of heat occurs. As we know that heat is always
transferred from high to low temperature and the water spread over the heat
exchanger is at low temperature, thus the inlet water while passing through the heat
exchanger gives heat to the water outside the heat exchanger coil and we get the cold
water from outlet of heat-exchanger.

The water over the coils of heat exchanger when comes in contact with
air, the evaporation of water takes place thus the drought fan sucks the mixture of
water vapours and air and it provide this mixture to the surrounding with help of duct.
Duct is made curved at the bending section, this is done to avoid back pressure and to
deliver the maximum cold air.

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON WATER CUM AIR COOLER

Adiabatic efficiency of water cum air cooler

Ambient temp.:Dry bulb temp. (DBT) = 25c
Wet bulb temp. (WBT) = 23c
Conditioned air:Dry bulb temp. (DBT) = 20c
Wet bulb temp. (WBT) = 16c

DBT (AMB) - DB conditioned air 100

WBT (AMB) - WBT conditioned air

25c - 20c 100

23c -16c

5 100 = 0.71 100

7

71%

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON WATER CUM AIR COOLER

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1.

HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER BY RAJPUT, R.K.

2.

ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS BY NAG, P.K.

3.

FROM WEBSITE

www.wilipedia.com
www.mechprojects.com
www.innovation.com