REVIEW OF LITERATURE

PEER PRESSURE AND ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR LEARNING: A

STUDY OF ADOLESCENTS IN GUJRAT CITY
Asma Yunus
Shahzad Khaver Mushtaq
Sobia Qaiser

ABSTRACT: The study aims at discovering the influences of Peer Pressure on adaptive
behavior learning in the adolescents. For the purpose two scales, Adaptive behavior scale (ABS)
and Peer Pressure Scale (PPS) were developed to measure both variables. The Sample of the
study was purposive in nature and comprised of late adolescents (n=120) i.e. 60 males and 60
females, from Gujarat city. Cranach alpha was calculated and found to be significant for Peer
Pressure Scale(PPS) and its subscales i.e. Belongingness Subscale, Influential Learning Subscale
and for Influential Consequences Subscale while Cranach alpha was also found significant for
Adaptive Behavior Scale(ABS) and its subscales i.e. Interpersonal skills Scale, Self Discipline
scale. Factor analysis was applied for the reduction of items. The significant correlation was
found between ABS total and its subscales scores, with PPS total scores and its subscales scores.
Inter correlation between PPS and its subscales revealed that Peer Pressure scale scores were
highly significantly correlated with its four subscales. Inter correlation of ABS and its sub scales
showed that total ABS scale scores are highly correlated with its all subscale scores. The results
shows that Peer Pressure has a positive influence as those who received high amount of Peer
Pressure, have better adaptive abilities.

Peer Pressure: Refereed Journals and Empirical Research In The

Undergraduate Economics Curriculum

ABSTRACT: Sharing with our students what we do as economists and how we do it can
augment student learning in fundamental and interrelated ways. In particular, students learn to
think like economists; to gain "information literacy;" to explain and synthesize their ideas
clearly; and to engage themselves in the learning process. In this paper, I propose a curriculum to
teach students how to access, chart and interpret macroeconomic data; to search and access peerreviewed journal articles; and to formulate, in writing, positions on myriad economic issues,
using empirical evidence and the extant academic literature to substantiate their positions. An
assessment of the curriculum, which I instituted in fall 2001, demonstrated that students who
participated were generally able to determine the extent of information needed to complete an
empirical research prompt as well as to access and use the information effectively, efficiently
and ethically. Moreover, most students could distinguish between general periodicals and
scholarly journals.

Table 1 shows the raw score and interpretations of the group

SI.NO

NAME

RAWSCORE

INTERPRETATION

DR

76

HIGH

HM

56

MODERATE

GK

86

HIGH

LO

73

HIGH

PO

81

HIGH

JK

71

MODERATE

RT

70

MODERATE

GT

66

MODERATE

SM

70

MODERATE

10

UP

55

LOW

11

RE

46

LOW

12

DS

67

MODERATE

13

AD

52

LOW

14

FD

74

HIGH

15

PL

83

HIGH

16

HG

69

MODERATE

17

FG

48

LOW

18

FS

56

MODERATE

19

SP

49

LOW

20

HI

46

LOW

Total

1294

Mean

64.7

Interpretation

MODERATE

DISCUSSION:
This study has been conducted on 10 male and 10 female undergraduate students from various
branches with age range of 19-23 years in Bangalore
The aim is to assess the peer pressure of students using peer pressure scale by Sandip Singh and
Sunil Saini
Table 1 shows the scores of the group under peer pressure. The group has scored a total of 1294
and mean obtained is 64.7 and the group has moderate level of peer pressure

CONCLUSION: The group has moderate level of peer pressure.

Individual differences exist.