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12/19/2015

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TableofContents
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AircraftPerformance
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AircraftWeightandGeometry
Weight
Theweight(W)oftheaircraftanditsaerodynamicpropertiesaretheprimaryfactorsdeterminingitsflightperformance.
Theweightoftheaircraftcanbebrokendownintofundamentalcomponents:
theemptyweightofthevehicle
theweightofthepilot,passengersandpayload
theweightofthefuel.
Therewillbelimitingweightvaluesduetotheaircraftdesignandflightregulations:
maximumweightofpayload
maximumfuelloadorfueltankcapacity
maximumtakeoffweight(MTOW)
maximumlandingweight.

Itisnotsimplyamatterofaddingthecomponentstogethertoobtainafinalanswerfortheaircraftweight.Forexampleitmaybenecessarytoremovefuelweightsothatadditionalpayloadmayb
whilestillmaintainingtherequirementofamaximumtakeoffweight.Forstabilityandhenceflightsafetyconsiderationsanaccurate"weightandbalance"calculationshouldbeperformedpriorto
theaircraft.

Inflighttheaircraftweightwillchangeasfuelisburntbythepropulsionsystemorpossiblydumpedinanemergencysituation.Alltheweightspecificationswillneedtobeidentifiedfromdatagive
aircraftmanufacturerbeforeforceequilibriumcalculationscanbeapplied.

AircraftGeometry.
AtypicalaircraftplanformlayoutisshowninthefollowingFigure.

SWingPlanformArea,
sWingSemispan,
bWingSpan,b=2s.
Thewingplanformarea(S)isshadedasshown.Thewingtaperratiocanbecalculatedastheratiooftipchordtorootchord,

Themeanaerodynamicchordcanbefoundbyintegratingtheindividualsectionchordsacrossthespan.

Where

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12/19/2015

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Forwingswithsimplelineartaper,themeanaerodynamicchordwillroughlyequalthemeangeometricchord,

Theaspectratioofthewingwillbe,

andforwingswithrectangularplanformthiswillsimplifyto,

Aspectratiowillplayamajorpartintheefficientperformanceofanaircraft.

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