Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Olympus Scientific - Component - Guide PDF
Olympus Scientific - Component - Guide PDF
COMPONENTS GUIDE
2008-10
CONTENTS
M Plan Apochromat
MPLAPON series -------------------------------8
M Plan SemiApochromat
MPLFLN series -------------------------------- 9
Long WD M Plan SemiApochromat LMPLFLN series ---------------------------- 10
M Plan Achromat
MPLN series --------------------------------- 11
LCD Long WD M Plan SemiApochromat
LCPLFLN-LCD series -------------------------12
Super Long WD M Plan Achromat SLMPLN series -------------------------------13
IR Long WD M Plan Achromat
LMPlan-IR series -----------------------------14
IR M Plan Achromat
MPlan-IR -------------------------------------14
M Plan SemiApochromat BD
MPLFLN-BD series ---------------------------15
M Plan SemiApochromat BDP
MPLFLN-BDP series --------------------------16
Long WD M Plan SemiApochromat BD
LMPLFLN-BD series --------------------------17
M Plan Achromat BD
MPLN-BD series ------------------------------18
WHN10x, WHN10x-H,
CROSSWHN10x, WH15x --------------------- 33
SWH10x-H, MICROSWH10x,
CROSSSWH10x ------------------------------ 33
U-OSM --------------------------------------- 33
BXFM-F -------------------------------------- 19
BXFM-F+BXFM-ILH+BXFM-ILHSPU---------- 20
BXFM-F+BXFM-ILHS ------------------------ 21
SZ2-STU2 ----------------------------------- 22
U-ST ----------------------------------------- 22
SZ-STL -------------------------------------- 22
NEW
U-TV0.25xC, U-TV0.35xC-2,
U-TV0.5xC-3, U-TV0.63xC ------------------- 36
U-CMAD3, U-BMAD, U-SMAD,
U-TMAD, U-FMT ----------------------------- 37
U-TV1x-2 ------------------------------------ 37
MOTORIZED UNITS------------------------------------------------------------- 38 41
NEW
NEW
NEW
UIS2/UIS:
The System That Maximizes The Advantage Of Infinity-Corrected Optics
UIS/UIS2
objective lens
Tube lens
Objective
lens
Objective
lens
Eyepiece
Intermediate
image
Tube lens
Objective
lens
Intermediate
image
this document.
Figure 3 Basic dimensions of UIS2/UIS2
optical system
U-TLU
(Single port tube with lens)
Objective lens
* 40mm
45mm
Image
* 84mm
Recommended distance
50-170mm
57.6mm
102mm
4. Lightening
Weight has been reduced to approximately 2/3
that of conventional products by using an
aluminum objective lens barrel cover. This has
the effect of lightening the load on the devices at
objective lens up/down, suppressing vibrations
by lowering the inertial force at objective lens
switching, etc. (MPLFLN series, LMPLFLN
series)
5. Adoption of eco-lens
The glass materials of UIS2 objective lenses are
all lead- and cadmium-free eco-glass.
SYSTEM DIAGRAM
BXFM SYSTEM DIAGRAM
Video system
Video camera
C-mount
B mount 2/3"
Video camera
S mount 2/3"
Video camera
F mount
U-FMT
U-CMAD3
U-BMAD
U-SMAD
U-TMAD
U-TV0.25xC
U-TV0.35xC-2
U-TV0.5xC-3
U-TV0.63xC
U-TV1x-2
Observation/single tubes
and eyepieces
WHN
Eyepieces
Widefield trinocular
observation tubes
SWH
Eyepieces
U-TLU
U-TLUIR
U-AN360-3
U-AN360IR
U-AN
U-PO3
U-POIR
U-25ND6, U-25ND25,
U-25LBD, U-25IF550,
U-25L42, U-25FR,
U-BP1100IR, U-BP1200IR
U-POTP3
Revolving nosepiece
(Refer to pages 34-35)
AS
5
AS
6
SHUTTER
ND
BX-RLA2
BX-URA2
U-KMAS
BX-KMA/
BX-KMA-ESD
SZX-TLGAD
U-RCV
LG-SF
LG-PS2
U-LGAD
Focusing units
U-DULHA
U-LH100-3
U-LH100L-3
U-LH100IR
BXFM-ILHS
BXFM-ILH
TH4-100
TH4-HS
U-LH100HGAPO
U-LH100HG
BXFM-ILHSPU
U-LH75XEAPO
BXFM-F
Stands
Refer to page 22
SZ-STL
U-ST
SZ2-STU2
SYSTEM DIAGRAM
MOTORIZED UNIT SYSTEM DIAGRAM
Refer to pages 38-40
Observation tubes
(Refer to pages 29-30)
U-AN
U-AN
MX-AFDIC
U-AN360-3
Intermediate tubes
(Refer to pages 31-32)
U-FWO
Refer to page 26
U-PO3
U-AFA2M-VIS
U-LH75XEAPO
U-LH100HGAPO
U-LH100HG
U-POTP3
U-25ND6,
U-25ND25
U-25LBD
U-25IF550
U-25L42
U-25FR
Mirror units
U-LH100-3
U-LH100L-3
U-FWR
BX-RLAA
BX-RFAA
U-ZPCB
Z board
BX-UCB*
U-DICR
U-D6REMC
Refer to
page 35
U-HSTR2
BF objective lenses
U-DICRH
BD-M-AD
U-D5BDREMC
U-D6BDREMC
U-DICRHC
PC
BF/DF objective lenses
analySIS FIVE
Control software
* BX-REMCB is also available for BX-RLAA + motorized revolving nosepiece control (refer to page 39)
Observation tubes
(Refer to pages 29-30)
MX-AFDIC
Power source
U-LH100HG
U-LH75XEAPO
U-AN
U-AFA2M-VIS
LG-SF
LG-PS2
U-LGAD
BXFMA-F
U-FWR
U-LH100-3
U-LH100L-3
U-RMT
BX-UCB
U-ZPCB
Z board
See manual
U-D6REMC
U-P5REMC
U-D5BDREMC
U-D6BDREMC
U-P6BDREMC
Objective lenses
U-HSTR2
U-IFFH
PC
analySIS FIVE
Control software
U-FH
M P L (Plan) F L N - 1 0 0
M:
LM:
PL: Plan/
Corrects field
curvature of
the periphery of
the image plane
None: Achromat/
Corrects aberration at 2 wavelengths of
blue and red
FL:
SemiApochromat/
Corrects chromatic aberration in the
visible range (violet~red)
APO: Apochromat/
Optimally corrects chromatic aberration
in the entire visible band (violet~red)
B D
None: UIS
N:
UIS2
Number:
Objective lens
magnification
None: Brightfield
BD: Brightfield/darkfield
BDP: Brightfield/darkfield/
polarizing
IR:
IR
LCD: LCD
UIS
UIS2
Series
MPLAPON
MPLFLN
LMPLFLN
MPLN
LCPLFLN-LCD
SLMPLN
LMPlanIR/MPlanIR
MPLFLN-BD
MPLFLN-BDP
LMPLFLN-BD
MPLN-BD
Magnification
50/100
BF
\
1.25/2.5
5/10/20/50/100
5/10/20/50/100
5/10/20/50/100
20/50/100
20/50/100
5/10/20/50/100 *4
5/10/20/50/100/150
5/10/20/50/100
5/10/20/50/100
5/10/20/50/100
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
DF
DIC*1
\U
POL
\
FL
\U
\L
\
\
\*2
\
\L
\
\
\
\
\U
aU
\L
\
a
\
\*2
\*2
\
26.5
26.5
22
26.5
26.5
22
26.5
26.5
26.5
22
Remarks
Use together with polarizer and
analyzer recommended
For LCD
For near-IR observation
*1 DIC prism U-DICR: UM/LM position, U-DICRHC: LM position fixed, U-DICRH: UM position fixed. *2 5~20x: U excitation also possible
*3 50x: DIC observation not applicable *4 MPlanIR: available 100x only \: Responds a: Optimally responds BF: Brightfield DF: Darkfield
DIC: Differential Interference Contrast POL: Polarized light FL: Fluorescence
Plan Apochromat
MPLAPON series
Plan Apochromat objective lenses that correct chromatic aberrations at the highest level.
Olympus guarantees*1 optical performance (wavefront aberration) with a Strehl ratio*2 of 95% or better.
They are also designed for use with Olympus' U-AFA2M active AF unit.
MPLAPON100x
20.32
20.32
8.8
5.5
16
WD=0.35
WD=0.35
18.9
20.3
28.5
20.2
MPLAPON 50x
MPLAPON 100x
Numerical
Aperture
0.95
0.95
Unit: mm
28
38.43
42.4
42.78
4.5
45
(44.65)
41
37.98
41.62
(44.65)
45
4.5
MPLAPON50x
3.6
1.8
Weight
(g)
139
125
Total
Practical field Depth of
Total
Practical field Depth of
magnifications of view (mm) focus (m) magnifications of view (mm) focus (m)
500
1000
0.44
0.22
1.0
0.67
500
1000
0.53
0.27
1.0
0.7
M Plan SemiApochromat
MPLFLN series
Plan SemiApochromat objective lenses, giving high-level correction for chromatic aberration. The lineup consists of 7 objective
lenses ranging from 1.25x to 100x, and secures a W.D. of 1mm or longer. Since the exit pupil position of the 5x-100x objective
lenses is standardized, the position of the DIC prism does not have to be switched when changing the magnification.
For ultra low magnifications (1.25x, 2.5x), use together with analyzer and polarizer of the reflected light illuminator.
MPLFLN2.5x*
28
20.32
20.32
4.5
(34)
45
45
29
30
14.5
WD=11
20.9
WD=20
30
20.32
22.55
31.6
24.5
WD=10.7
29
26
MPLFLN20x
MPLFLN50x
MPLFLN100x
20.32
20.32
20.32
38.4
42.4
42.61
45
(44)
36.8
40.8
41.78
45
(44)
35.1
10.7
7.8
WD=1
WD=1
WD=3.1
12.1
26
26
4.8
4.8
4.5
(41.9)
45
(25)
4.9
45
41.2
(34.3)
4.9
(41.5)
45
WD=3.5
28.6
MPLFLN10x
4.5
28
20.32
MPLFLN5x
28.41
MPLFLN1.25x*
15.2
17.8
15.2
17.8
26
26
Unit: mm
1.25x*
2.5x*
5x
10x
20x
50x
100x
Numerical
Aperture
0.04
0.08
0.15
0.30
0.45
0.80
0.90
145
72
36
18
9
3.6
1.8
Weight
(g)
122
106
51.5
68.1
70.4
89.9
90.9
Total
Practical field Depth of
Total
Practical field Depth of
magnifications of view (mm) focus (m) magnifications of view (mm) focus (m)
12.5
25
50
100
200
500
1000
17.6
8.8
4.4
2.2
1.1
0.44
0.22
870
220
59
15
5.2
1.3
0.73
25
50
100
200
500
1000
10.6
5.3
2.7
1.3
0.53
0.27
220
59
15
5.1
1.3
0.73
LMPLFLN series
Long working distance Plan SemiApochromat objective lenses, giving high-level correction for chromatic aberration.
Suitable with samples having a height difference and in preventing collision, as the working distance is long.
Also, since the exit pupil position of the 5x-100x objective lenses is standardized, the position of the DIC prism does not have
to be switched when changing the magnification.
LMPLFLN10x
LMPLFLN20x
20.32
20.32
20.32
25.4
17
26
WD=12
15.2
WD=21
WD=22.5
29.31
4.8
45
45
45
(33)
22.1
(24)
22.2
(22.5)
4.9
4.5
LMPLFLN5x
22.4
26
LMPLFLN100x
20.32
20.32
37.26
41.1
45
(41.6)
30.4
45
(34.4)
4.9
4.7
LMPLFLN50x
26
12.5
WD=3.4
WD=10.6
18.2
26
15
18.1
26
Unit: mm
5x
10x
20x
50x
100x
Numerical
Aperture
0.13
0.25
0.40
0.50
0.80
36
18
9
3.6
1.8
Weight
(g)
50
54
73
77
94
Total
Practical field Depth of
Total
Practical field Depth of
magnifications of view (mm) focus (m) magnifications of view (mm) focus (m)
50
100
200
500
1000
10
4.4
2.2
1.1
0.44
0.22
70
18
6.1
2.5
0.87
50
100
200
500
1000
5.3
2.7
1.3
0.53
0.27
70
18
6.1
2.5
0.87
M Plan Achromat
MPLN series
Plan Achromat objective lenses providing excellent image flatness up to F.N. 22.
MPLN10x
MPLN20x
20.32
20.32
20.32
41.3
37.2
6
11.9
16
15.8
24
24
MPLN50x
MPLN100x
20.32
20.32
38.7
42.8
43.16
45
15.8
WD=0.21
6
11.9
(44.79)
37.2
41.3
42.62
(44.62)
4.5
4.5
42.4
45
12
WD=1.3
24
(43.7)
28.8
33.6
32.71
4.5
WD=10.6
WD=20
(34.4)
45
23.4
4.5
(25)
45
10.5
21
WD=0.38
45
4.5
MPLN5x
4.4
11.6
15.6
24
24
Unit: mm
Numerical
Aperture
0.10
0.25
0.40
0.75
0.90
Working distance
(mm)
20.0
10.6
1.3
0.38
0.21
Focal distance
f (mm)
36
18
9
3.6
1.8
11
Weight
(g)
64
80
111
113
116
Total
Practical field of
magnifications
view (mm)
50
4.4
100
2.2
200
1.1
500
0.44
1000
0.22
Depth of focus
(m)
98
18
6.1
1.4
0.73
LCPLFLN50xLCD***
LCPLFLN100xLCD***
20.32
20.32
20.32
20
27.5
17.84
25
31
15.2
WD=0.9
29.5
t=0.7
WD=2.5
t=0.7
25
25
t=0.7
41.6
43.4
45.238 *
(43.638)
25
38.65
40.45
(42.038)
45.238 *
12.77
15
WD=7.8
20
4.8
20
24.5
34.75
36.55
4.5
(36.738)
45.238 *
4.5
LCPLFLN20xLCD***
29.5
31
29.5
Unit: mm
31
Objective lens
Corresponding glass thickness (mm)
Correction ring indication
Working distance (mm)
Correction system
0
8.3
LCPLFLN20xLCD
0-1.2
0.7
7.8
Correction ring
1.2
7.4
0
3.0
Numerical
Aperture
LCPLFLN 20xLCD***
0.45
LCPLFLN 50xLCD***
0.70
LCPLFLN 100xLCD***
0.85
Screw: W20.32x0.706 (0.8"x1/36")
1.2
2.2
LCPLFLN50xLCD
0-1.2
0.7
2.5
Correction ring
0
1.2
LCPLFLN100xLCD
0-0.7
0.5
0.98
Correction ring
0.7
0.9
Total
Practical field Depth of
Total
Practical field Depth of
Weight
magnifications of view (mm) focus (m) magnifications of view (mm) focus (m)
(g)
7.8
9
146
200
1.1
5.2
200
1.3
5.2
2.5
3.6
170
500
0.44
1.6
500
0.53
1.6
0.9
1.8
185
1000
0.22
0.79
1000
0.27
0.79
**The figure shown here is the value when the correction ring indication is 0.7. *** To be available in the beginning of 2007
12
SLMPLN20x
SLMPLN50x
20.32
SLMPLN100x
36.2
37.2
(37.4)
24.1
45
45
16.9
14.7
25
17.3
23.8
26
WD=7.6
16.1
WD=18
WD=25
(27)
26.3
19.3
19.8
45
(20)
4.9
20.32
4.9
4.9
20.32
21.4
26
26
Unit: mm
Numerical
Aperture
SLMPLN 20x
0.25
SLMPLN 50x
0.35
SLMPLN 100x
0.6
Screw: W20.32x0.706 (0.8"x1/36")
9
3.6
1.8
Weight
(g)
56
74
100
13
1.1
0.44
0.22
11.4
4.2
1.3
200
500
1000
1.3
0.53
0.27
11.4
4.2
1.3
UNIVERSAL
INFINITY SYSTEM
IR objective lenses which compensate for aberrations from visible to near infrared light.
Ideal for the observations of semiconductor interiors and the back surface of a chip package as well as CSP bump inspection.
LMPlan5xIR
LMPlan10xIR
LMPlan20xIR
20.32
30.3
34.3
4.5
45
45
(36.9)
4.5
20.32
(26.5)
25
23
22.5
45
(25)
4.5
20.32
WD=8.1
26
10.4
12.4
WD=18.5
WD=20
21
15
22
18
26
26
LMPlan100xIR
MPlan100xIR
20.32
20.32
20.32
37
42.6
43.4
4.5
45
(44.7)
36.8
40.8
45
(41.6)
12.5
15.6
18
15
18.12
26
4.95
12.2
WD=0.3
WD=3.4
36.9
37.5
(39)
32.9
12.5
WD=6
45
4.5
4.7
LMPlan50xIR
14.8
26
26
Unit: mm
Numerical
Aperture
0.10
0.25
0.40
0.55
0.80
0.95
Working distance
(mm)
20.0
18.5
8.1
6.0
3.4
0.3
Focal distance
f (mm)
36
18
9
3.6
1.8
1.8
14
Weight
(g)
73
73
110
115
122
130
Total
magnifications
50
100
200
500
1000
1000
M Plan SemiApochromat BD
(BD:Brightfield/Darkfield)
MPLFLN-BD series
Plan SemiApochromat objective lenses, giving high-level correction for chromatic aberration.
The series secures a W.D. of 1mm or longer. Since the exit pupil position of the 5x-150x objective lenses is standardized, the
position of the DIC prism does not have to be switched when changing the magnification.
MPLFLN10xBD
MPLFLN20xBD
26
26
26
22
26.2
32
35.97
39
39.5
22
27.5
27
28.5
32
32
MPLFLN50xBD
MPLFLN100xBD
MPLFLN150xBD
26
26
26
45
WD=1
41
4.5
32
20
27.2
(44)
41
(44)
45
WD=1
20
27.2
WD=1
41
4.5
4.5
45
(44)
17
WD=3
29.5
16.8
WD=6.5
WD=12
16
22.4
(42)
45
34.1
37
36.5
(38.5)
45
45
31
30.25
31.5
(33)
4.5
4.5
4.5
MPLFLN5xBD
32
20
27.2
32
Unit: mm
Numerical
Aperture
0.15
0.30
0.45
0.80
0.90
0.90
Weight
(g)
95.5
82.8
87.7
99.8
98.9
104.8
Screw: W26x0.706
15
Total
Practical field Depth of
Total
Practical field Depth of
magnifications of view (mm) focus (m) magnifications of view (mm) focus (m)
50
4.4
59
50
5.3
59
100
2.2
15
100
2.7
15
200
1.1
5.2
200
1.3
5.2
500
0.44
1.3
500
0.53
1.3
1000
0.22
0.73
1000
0.27
0.73
1500
0.15
0.6
1500
0.18
0.6
(BDP:Brightfield/Darkfield/Polarizing)
MPLFLN-BDP series
Plan SemiApochromat objective lenses, giving high-level correction for chromatic aberration. The series secures a W.D. of
1mm or longer. Since the exit pupil position of the 5x-100x objective lenses is standardized, the position of the DIC prism
does not have to be switched when changing the magnification. The BDP series optimizing brightfield/darkfield and polarized
light characteristics is perfect for Nomarski DIC and polarized light observations
MPLFLN10xBDP
MPLFLN20xBDP
26
26
26
35.97
39
39.5
4.5
22
26
32
22
27.5
27
28.5
32
32
MPLFLN100xBDP
26
26
41
45
41
(44)
4.5
MPLFLN50xBDP
4.5
(44)
45
(42)
45
34.1
37
36.5
WD=6.5
WD=12
29.3
17
16.8
16
22.4
WD=3
45
(38.5)
31
30.25
31.5
45
(33)
4.5
4.5
MPLFLN5xBDP
32
20
WD=1
WD=1
20
27.5
27.5
32
Unit: mm
Numerical
Aperture
0.15
0.25
0.40
0.75
0.90
Weight
(g)
95.5
83.3
88.5
100.5
101.5
Screw: W26x0.706
16
Total
Practical field Depth of
Total
Practical field Depth of
magnifications of view (mm) focus (m) magnifications of view (mm) focus (m)
50
4.4
59
50
5.3
59
100
2.2
18
100
2.7
18
200
1.1
6.1
200
1.3
6.1
500
0.44
1.4
500
0.53
1.4
1000
0.22
0.73
1000
0.27
0.73
LMPLFLN10xBD
LMPLFLN20xBD
26
26
26
31.3
32.2
22
WD=10
22.4
28
WD=12
15.5
16.2
WD=15
32.5
4.5
45
45
(33)
30.2
32
32.3
(35)
24
26.2
26.6
45
(30)
4.5
LMPLFLN5xBD
21.9
28.2
23
28
29.5
30
30
32
32
32
LMPLFLN50xBD
LMPLFLN100xBD
26
36.5
37.3
37.7
(41.7)
45
45
31.8
33
32.7
(34.4)
4.8
4.7
26
23
28
21
WD=3.3
WD=10.6
20.7
32
29
30.3
32
Unit: mm
Numerical
Aperture
0.13
0.25
0.40
0.50
0.80
Weight
(g)
81
84
86
85
102
Screw: W26x0.706
17
Total
Practical field Depth of
Total
Practical field
magnifications of view (mm) focus (m) magnifications of view (mm)
50
4.4
70
50
5.3
100
2.2
18
100
2.7
200
1.1
6.1
200
1.3
500
0.44
2.5
500
0.53
1000
0.22
0.87
1000
0.27
Depth of
focus (m)
70
18
6.1
2.5
0.87
M Plan Achromat BD
MPLN-BD series
Plan Achromat objective lenses providing excellent image flatness up to F.N. 22.
MPLN10xBD
26
26
MPLN20xBD
26
30.5
41
17
WD=1.3
WD=6.5
16.8
29.3
WD=12
42.5
45
16
(43.7)
34.01
37
36.5
45
(38.5)
31
30.25
31.5
45
(33)
4.5
4.5
(4.5)
MPLN5xBD
22
26
32
23.6
29
27
32
32
MPLN100xBD
26
26
41
42.5
43.33
43.71
45
(44.79)
41
42.5
43.68
45
(44.62)
4.5
4.5
MPLN50xBD
10
23.1
WD=0.21
WD=0.38
10
20.7
23
27
29
29
32
32
Unit: mm
5xBD
10xBD
20xBD
50xBD
100xBD
Numerical
Aperture
Working distance
(mm)
Focal distance
f (mm)
Weight
(g)
0.10
0.25
0.40
0.75
0.90
12.0
6.5
1.3
0.38
0.21
36
18
9
3.6
1.8
137
155
162
157
160
Screw: W26x0.706
18
Total
Practical field of
magnifications
view (mm)
50
100
200
500
1000
4.4
2.2
1.1
0.44
0.22
Depth of focus
(m)
98
18
6.1
1.4
0.73
BXFM frame
BXFM-F
Widely used system that allows use in combination with fiber illumination, motorized revolving nosepiece and telan lens unit.
Can easily be integrated into other equipment. Attach to the equipment by rear bolt mounting screw or pillar mounting hole.
84
36
82
4M4 depth9
(13)
Stroke
35
0.5
0.5
4M4 depth7
66.2
16
17
(13)
17
80
55
124
100
17
34
23
4-M8 depth8
(Bolt mount screw)
58.5
36
2A00002
3
2H
(Pi 8
llar
mo
un
98
th
Weight: 1.9kg
19
ole
110
Unit: mm
BXFM
BXFM-F+BXFM-ILH+BXFM-ILHSPU
180
Light axis
165
Pillar axis
130
Objective lens
mounting position
11
45
72
23
40
Stroke
3.5
Light axis
83
Specimen position
Weight: 3.2kg
Unit: mm
165
130
87.5
83
17-47(stroke)
124
45
11
40
3.5
249
32
220
Specimen
surface
180
587
* For installation dimensions, refer to those for the BXFM-F (page 19).
20
Unit: mm
BXFM-S
BXFM-F+BXFM-ILHS
84
141
106
Pillar axis
Stroke
Revolving nosepiece
mounting position
45
Objective lens
mounting position
23
40
20
59
Weight: 2.4kg
Unit: mm
Specimen position
290
187
92.5
106
19-49
(Stroke)
169
20
45
40
124
32
Specimen surface
84
208
* For installation dimensions, refer to those for the BXFM-F (page 19).
21
Unit: mm
Stands
A wide variety of stands are available to suit different applications and purposes.
SZ2-STU2
Universal stand type 2
250
300
Major specifications
Item
1 Diameter of focusing arm or
fixing section of tube
2 Vertical pole diameter
3 Horizontal poles diameters
4 Stroke
5 Movement range
300
350
622
7 Weight
40mm
25mm
(both upper and lower poles)
Horizontal: 234mm,
Vertical: 205mm
Horizontal: 541 (435+106) mm max.
(Vertical pole
BXFM-S optical axis)
Forward: 10kg
(within 90-degree area)
Transverse direction: 6kg
Backward direction: 7kg
(at maximum stroke)
30kg
90
30
25
180
214~435
Specifications
32mm
503
32
40
50.5
130
* The rotation angle of the horizontal arm can restrict to 90 degrees with stopper.
U-ST
Compact stand
160
133
320
SZ-STL
Large stand
88
110
400
35
106
73
32
143
17.5
45
20
49
46
133
267
32
Weight: 1.8kg
Weight: 5kg
22
Unit: mm
ILLUMINATION UNITS
Accessories
35
16.2
12
29.4
Revolving
nosepiece
mounting
position
Illuminator
mounting
position
13
11.8
17
26
79
50
130
130
130
17.5
75
88
107.5
46
108
7.5
38.7
56.8
41
U-DICRHC
Weight (g)
20
20
20
20
20
20
71
71
84
U-AN360-3
U-AN
U-DICR
U-DICRH
Description
LBD filter slider
IF550 filter slider
ND filter
ND filter
Frost filter slider
UV-cut filter
Polarizer slider for reflected light
Polarizer slider for reflected light
with tint plate
360 rotatable analyzer slider
Analyzer slider for reflected light
DIC slider for reflected light
DIC slider for reflected light
(high resolution type)
DIC slider for reflected light
(high contrast type)
3.5
Unit name
U-25LBD
U-25IF550
U-25ND6
U-25ND25
U-25FR
U-25L42
U-PO3
U-POTP3
30
31.5
30
144
45
265
335
Weight: 3.4kg
U-MWUS3
U-MWBS3
U-MWGS3
84
88
(152)
11.6
11.6
12
17
76
86.8
27.2
80
Revolving
nosepiece
mounting
position
41
80
80
80
80
84
130
3.5
U-MBF3
U-MDF3*
U-MDIC3
U-MBFL3
79
50
130
130
U-DICRHC
Weight (g)
20
20
20
20
20
20
71
71
.9
U-AN360-3
U-AN
U-DICR
U-DICRH
Description
LBD filter slider
IF550 filter slider
ND filter
ND filter
Frost filter slider
UV-cut filter
Polarizer slider for reflected light
Polarizer slider for reflected light
with tint plate
360 rotatable analyzer slider
Analyzer slider for reflected light
DIC slider for reflected light
DIC slider for reflected light
(high resolution type)
DIC slider for reflected light
(high contrast type)
Mirror unit for reflected brightfield
Mirror unit for reflected darkfield
Mirror unit for reflected DIC
Mirror unit for reflected brightfield,
for high intensity light source
Fluorescence mirror unit for
reflected (U excitation)
Fluorescence mirror unit for
reflected (B excitation)
Fluorescence mirror unit for
reflected (G excitation)
(17
Unit name
U-25LBD
U-25IF550
U-25ND6
U-25ND25
U-25FR
U-25L42
U-PO3
U-POTP3
41
13
Illuminator
mounting
position
261
367
80
Weight: 3.8kg
80
Unit: mm
23
ILLUMINATION UNITS
U-DICRHC
130
Revolving
nosepiece
mounting
position
70
41
79
50
130
130
108
Weight (g)
20
20
20
20
20
20
71
71
84
U-AN360-3
U-AN
U-DICR
U-DICRH
Description
LBD filter slider
IF550 filter slider
ND filter
ND filter
Frost filter slider
UV-cut filter
Polarizer slider for reflected light
Polarizer slider for reflected light
with tint plate
360 rotatable analyzer slider
Analyzer slider for reflected light
DIC slider for reflected light
DIC slider for reflected light
(high resolution type)
DIC slider for reflected light
(high contrast type)
3.5
Unit name
U-25LBD
U-25IF550
U-25ND6
U-25ND25
U-25FR
U-25L42
U-PO3
U-POTP3
88
Accessories
Weight: 3.1kg
Unit: mm
100 (0.1)
21
36 (0.1)
5.5
62 (0.1)
(6)
(11)
Location face
45
2.5
(10
')
3.5
Location face
ss
Le
an
th
R6
Unit: mm
24
U-DICRHC
88
Weight (g)
20
20
20
20
20
20
71
71
64
79
50
130
130
21
U-AN360-3
U-AN
U-DICR
U-DICRH
Description
LBD filter slider
IF550 filter slider
ND filter
ND filter
Frost filter slider
UV-cut filter
Polarizer slider for reflected light
Polarizer slider for reflected light
with tint plate
360 rotatable analyzer slider
Analyzer slider for reflected light
DIC slider for reflected light
DIC slider for reflected light
(high resolution type)
DIC slider for reflected light
(high contrast type)
Unit name
U-25LBD
U-25IF550
U-25ND6
U-25ND25
U-25FR
U-25L42
U-PO3
U-POTP3
75
Accessories
155
198
130
21
Weight: 1.2kg
Unit: mm
25
Lamp housings
Various different lamp housings are available, for use with different light sources: choose to suit the intended purpose.
* If you use the units in your production line, please consult your nearest Olympus representative in your region about the use conditions beforehand.
U-LH75XEAPO
75W xenon apo lamp housing
(148.5)
30.2
(148.5)
83.5
65
65
U-LH100HGAPO
100W mercury apo lamp housing
U-LH100HG
100W mercury lamp housing
(30.2)
83.5
65
93
65
93
8
8
130
70
75
75
55
20
6 20
40.8
40.8
115
30
25
115
30
25
180.5
18.5
Weight: 3.1kg
Weight: 2.7kg
* Power supply unit (U-RFL-T200) and power cable (UYCP) are necessary for 100W
mercury lamp housings. These items are sold separately.
U-RFL-T200 dimensions: 150(W)x295(D)x200(H), weight approx. 4.8kg
*Power supply unit (U-RX-T200) and power cable (UYCP) are necessary for 75W xenon
lamp housing. These items are sold separately.
U-RX-T200 dimensions: 115(W)x195(D)x260(H), weight approx. 3kg
107
U-LH100-3/U-LH100IR/U-LH100L-3
100W halogen lamp housings
Weight: 880g
37
85.5
* External power supply (TH4-100 or TH4-200) and power cable (UYCP) are necessary for 100W halogen
lamp housings. These items are sold separately. For TH4-100/200 installation dimensions, refer to the next page.
Unit: mm
26
TH4-100/200
External power supply
TH4-HS
Hand switch
Cable length:
2,000mm
77
120
125
18.5
Weight: 2.2kg
Weight: 140g
42
75
14.5
38
200
U-RMT
Extension cord
1,700
37.5
21
12
30
26
31.5
(42.5)
51
(dimensions
for installation)
Weight: 315g
62.5
(dimension
for installation)
24
44
49
SZX-TLGAD
Transmitted light guide adapter
32
67
59
75
U-LGAD
Fiber adapter for reflected light
observation
59
43
U-RCV
DF converter for BX-URA2
Weight:200 g
(dimension
for installation)
Unit: mm
27
LG-PS2*
Light source
15 (Light guide mounting position)
8
235
10
86
130
76
10
126
251
LG-SF
Light guide
Groove: Width3, Depth1
61
13
25
30
31
10.1
12
15
10
25
20
1,000
Weight: 210g
U-DULHA
Double lamp house adapter
82
88
202
14
171
Weight: 1.2kg
28
Unit: mm
OBSERVATION TUBES
U-ETR-4
Widefield erect image trinocular tube
60.6
62.5
103.9
104.9
92
47.9
62.5 (IR: 64.5)
150.5
186.6 (IR: 188.9)
95.8
18
59.65
33.5
16
120
175
U-TR30-2/
Widefield trinocular tube
U-TR30IR
Widefield trinocular tube for IR
43.5
163.1
199.9
51.6
Unit: mm
Name
U-TR30-2
U-TR30IR
U-ETR-4
Field Number
(F.N.)
Inclination angle
(degree)
Interpupillary distance
(mm)
Observation image
Weight
(g)
22
22
22
30
30
30
50-76
50-76
50-76
Inverted
Inverted
Erect
1600
1600
1900
*Length marked with an asterisk (*) may vary according to interpupillary distance. The distance for figure shown is 62mm.
56
60
Weight: 350g
For attachable video camera adapters, refer to video camera adapters system diagram page (pages 5-6).
Unit: mm
29
OBSERVATION TUBES
U-SWETR
Super widefield erect image trinocular tube
224
76.4*
55.6
79.6
98.8
68.6
173.8
220.8
73
83.4
92.9
36.5
19
14
82.3*
63.1
180.8
U-SWTR-3
Super widefield trinocular tube
49.9
98.6
62
201.9
248.9
139.400
61.981
117.223
MX-SWETTR
Super widefield erect image tilting trinocular tube
88.000
95.929
101.929
149.081
2.837
70.330
20 0' 0"
42
0' 0
"
318.527
Name
U-SWTR-3
U-SWETR
MX-SWETTR
Field Number
(F.N.)
26.5
26.5
26.5
Inclination angle
(degree)
24
24
0-42
328.338
337.718
Interpupillary distance
(mm)
50-76
50-76
50-76
72.200
Unit: mm
*Length marked with an asterisk (*) may vary according to interpupillary distance. The distance for figure shown is 62mm.
30
Observation image
Inverted
Erect
Erect
Weight
(g)
2300
4200
4200
Intermediate tubes
Various accessories for various observation need.
U-ECA
Magnification changer 2x
Provides 1x and 2x intermediate magnifications.
138
U-CA
Magnification changer
Provides 1x, 1.2x, 1.6x and 2x intermediate magnifications.
150
140
88
96
42
42
45
37
75
Weight: 1.3kg
52
70
Weight: 1.3kg
U-TRU
Trinocular intermediate attachment
Intermediate attachment which divides the light path,
allowing attachment of both digital and video cameras.
37
150
140
183.9
52
58.2
106.9
BI:PT=100:0/20:80
Weight: 1.3kg
31
Unit: mm
U-DP
Dual port
Use this intermediate tube to divide the light path.
U-DP1xC
Dual port 1x
Combine with U-DP to obtain a 1x image.
140
88
44
30
151
44
25
17.53
1-32UN
4.5
170.5(mount face)
182
Weight: 500g
57
38
51(mount face)
Weight: 1kg
21.2
89
(8)
U-EPA2
Eyepoint adjuster
Raises eyepoint by 30mm.
115
U-APT
Arrow pointer
Projects an arrow into the field of view.
(45)
45
88
15V0.2A
30
45.3
Weight: 1.2kg
Weight: approximately 500g
Unit: mm
32
Eyepieces
Eyepieces for UIS2 optical system.
WHN10x
Widefield eyepiece
WHN10x-H
CROSSWHN10x
Widefield eyepieces
WH15x
Widefield eyepiece
SWH10x-H
MICROSWH10x
CROSSSWH10x
Super widefield eyepieces
46.2
43.2
39
41
36.5
EP
36.8
53.2
18.7
29.6
48.6
27.8
(28.5)
30
30
30
Name
Field
Number
WHN10x
WHN10x-H
CROSSWHN10x
WH15x
SWH10x-H
MICROSWH10x
CROSSSWH10x
*EP=eyepoint
22
22
22
14
26.5
26.5
26.5
Diopter
adjustment range
(1/m)
-8 +5
-8 +5
-8 +2
-8 +2
-8 +2
30
Weight
Micrometer
diameter (mm)
(g)
24
24
24
90
170
170
90
210
210
210
69.9
(23.2)
(23.1)
(25)
43.7
62.6
39.4
51.2
28
39.6
48.6
EP
60.2
41
38.5
41.4
41
38.5
Remarks
Unit: mm
23.5
Eyepiece
30
65
41
137
129.2
117.8
EP
60.9
Compensation
limit for objective
lens magnification
tolerance
Actual size
29.5
75.5
Weight: 580g
Repeatability
0.007
mm
A
(A Objective lens magnification)
Accuracy
*Measuring error
(A Objective lens magnification:
L Measured length in mm)
0.007
[ (0.0002A+0.002) L +
] mm
A
Repeatability error
Unit: mm
33
REVOLVING NOSEPIECES
U-D7RE
Septuple revolving nosepiece with slider slot for DIC
104
116.5
U-D6RE
Sextuple revolving nosepiece with slider slot for DIC
U-D6RE-ESD
Sextuple revolving nosepiece with slider slot for DIC
with ESD treatment
83
U-5RE-2
Quintuple revolving nosepiece
(87.4)
(125.6)
60.9
87.6
76.4
47.2
40
48.2
40
38
40.8
38
(114.4)
40
26.5
.4
102
116.5
84
Weight: 520g
Weight: 800g
Weight: 980g
U-P6RE
Centerable sextuple revolving nosepiece with slider slot for DIC
104
116.5
U-P4RE
Centerable quadruple revolving nosepiece with
slider slot for DIC
(125.6)
(114.4)
76.4
87.6
40
47.2
38
40
48.2
38
.4
102
.5
116
Weight: 1kg
Weight: 1kg
Insert the DIC dummy when not using the DIC slider
34
Unit: mm
REVOLVING NOSEPIECES
U-D6BDRE
Sextuple revolving nosepiece for BF/DF
with slider slot for DIC/
U-P5BDRE
Centerable quintuple revolving nosepiece
2A00002
JAPAN
104
U-D6BDRE
U-D6BDRE
116.5
U-D5BDRE
Quintuple revolving nosepiece for BF/DF
with slider slot for DIC
104
U-5BDRE
Quintuple revolving nosepiece for BF/DF
PA
JA
(125.6)
87.6
47.2
40
76.4
.4
102
.4
102
.5
116
Weight: 800g
Weight: 1kg
Insert the DIC dummy when not using the DIC slider
BD-M-AD
Adapter to mount BF objectives
W260.706
28.2
+0.2
0
W20.320.706
30
Weight: 800g
38
40
38
48.2
40
48.2
34.8
(114.4)
(111.2)
76.4
Weight: 10g
(4)
Unit: mm
8
35
U-TV0.25xC
C-mount video port with 0.25x lens
17.53
36
1-32UN
3.5
Image plane
U-TV0.35xC-2
C-mount video port with 0.35x lens
1-32UN
4
12.4
22.4
147.3
156.84
17.53
Image plane
60
60
64
Weight: 1.2kg
Weight: 100g
U-TV0.5xC-3
C-mount video port with 0.5x lens
U-TV0.63xC
C-mount video port with 0.63x lens
30
1-32UN
3.5
17.53
Image plane
1-32UN
68.75
78.25
3.5
30
30.1
32.6
42.1
17.53
Image plane
2 A0 0 0 0 1
60
60
Weight: 200g
Weight: 430g
Unit: mm
Projection
magnifications
2/3" CCD
1/2" CCD
1x
11
0.63x
17.5
12.7
9.5
U-TV0.5xC-3
0.5x
22
16
12
U-TV0.35xC-2
0.35x
22
17.1
U-TV0.25xC
0.25x
24
U-TV1x-2
U-TV0.63xC
1/3" CCD
Projection area
Focus the video camera adapter to prevent defocusing the eyepiece image and defocusing by magnification switching.
Generally, the video camera adapter is focused by switching to a low magnification after focusing at a high magnification.objective lens.
36
U-CMAD3
C-mount adapter
U-BMAD
Bayonet mount adapter
U-SMAD
Sony mount adapter
44.5
30
1-32UN
Image
plane
Image plane
M56X2
48
40
60
3
30
M56X2
49
60.5
80.5
20
48.7
42
48
38
17.53
Image plane
M56X2
64.4
64
64
Weight: 165g
Weight: 80g
Weight: 90g
U-TMAD
T mount adapter
U-FMT
F/T mount adapter *
Image plane
46.5
55
Image plane
M42X0.75
45.7
23
43
13
42
54.7
M56X2
64
Weight: 70g
Weight: 30g
* It must be combined with U-TMAD
Unit: mm
U-TV1x-2
Video port 1x
28
22
64
60
Weight: 150g
Unit: mm
37
MOTORIZED UNITS
Motorized units
Various motorized units, perfect for automation of equipment, are available.
11.8
12
115
108
107
80
BX-RLAA+U-D6REMC+U-LH100-3
Motorized BF/DF reflected light illuminator+motorized Nomarski DIC sextuple revolving nosepiece+100W halogen lamp housing
Enables motorized exchange of objective lenses, selection between brightfield and darkfield observations as well as aperture diaphragm
closing/opening. The BX-UCB control unit has an RS232C connector, allowing control via a PC.
For method of attaching illuminator, refer to page 24.
86.2
(487)
400
64.8
45
81.5
40
(169)
41
211.5
84
87
88
11.6
87.5
27.2
41
Revolving
nosepiece
mounting
position
126
109.5
86.8
11.6
17
12
76
84
14
92
15
BX-RFAA
Motorized universal reflected light illuminator
Reflected light fluorescence illuminator with simultaneous attachment of six mirror units. Incorporates motorized mirror unit changeover and shutter.
Illuminator
mounting
position
Weight: 4.3kg
41
261
371
38
Unit: mm
MOTORIZED UNITS
U-D6BDREMC
Motorized sextuple BD revolving nosepiece with
slider slot for DIC
U-P5BDREMC
Motorized centerable quintuple BD revolving nosepiece with
slider slot for DIC
U-D5BDREMC
Motorized quintuple BD revolving nosepiece with
slider slot for DIC
U-D6REMC
Motorized sextuple revolving nosepiece with
slider slot for DIC
U-P5REMC*
Motorized centerable quintuple revolving nosepiece with
slider slot for DIC
34
115
14
50
46
115.5
46
103.5
135
150
Weight: 1.4 kg
40
BX-UCB
Control unit
Motorized units including motorized illuminator and auto focus unit can be totally controlled
from BX-UCB
U-HSTR2
Hand switch
108
32
212
216
50
68.3
40
51.1
69.8
40.5
25.5
40.5
25.5
150
105
50
14
34
74.5
83.5
103.5
135
7
146
Weight: 370g
310
125
332 (depth)
Weight: 1.0kg
* Extension cord U-RMT (1700mm) should be used to connect the lamp housing (U-LH100-3) to the BX-UCB.
BX-REMCB
Control box for motorized nosepiece and BF/DF illuminator
BX-RLAA and U-D5BDREMC/U-D6REMC/U-P5REMC can be controlled from
U-HSTR2, or direct from the computer keyboard via an RS232C connector.
* BX-RFAA and U-D5BDREM/U-D6REM combination not applicable.
U-ACAD4515
AC adapter for BX-REMCB
2000 +100
0
39.8
34
144
711
190.4
351
129.51
39
Unit: mm
MOTORIZED UNITS
U-AFA2M-VIS
Active auto focus unit
Featuring an AF laser light source in wavelength 785 nm. The multiple-spots sensor enables the high-speed and stable focusing of specimens with
variable height differences.
108
313
45
Weight: 2.6kg
Weight: 0.23kg
Weight: 0.36kg
length: 2m
length: 3m
U-FWR
Motorized reflected filter wheel
Accomplish maximum 6 filter position exchange
180.5
Weight: 1.0kg
24.5
58.5
130
147.9
42
Cable
AFA2M-CBL2M
AFA2M-CBL3M
30.5
51
62.5
2000
Unit: mm
40
MOTORIZED UNITS
133
45
56
310.5
206
77
BXFMA-F
Motorized illumination with power focus
A motorized microscope unit for integration with your equipment. Motorized operations such as revolving nosepiece up/down, objective lens
switching, aperture diaphragm open/close, and brightfield/darkfield switching are accomplished with this component.
Several microscopic operations are totally controlled from an external unit by combining this component with an auto focus unit.
This is the configuration combined with Active Auto Focus Unit U-AFA2M-VIS, Single Port Tube with Lens U-TLU, a lamphousing, a motorized
nosepiece and objective lenses.
36
169
32.5
Stroke
Specimen surface
(standard focusing position)
51
7
77
334
342.1
92
U-FH
Focus adjustment knob unit
Weight: 13kg
(BXFMA-F frame 7.6kg)
U-IFFH
Focus adjustment knob interface
70
50
100
104
91.5
33.6
Weight: 760g
70
75.5
210
54
82.3
214
Weight: 1450g
Unit: mm
41
U-UVF2FB/5FB
UV quartz light guide
2000
+200
0
or 5000
+200
0
79
69
30.4
108
34
8 (light guide)
U-UVF248IM
UV248 compatible intermediate tube
39.4
196.8
20
(39.5) 5.5
70
196
Weight: 1.9kg
U-UVF248LB+U-LH80HGXE
UV248 compatible light source box + Mercury Xenon lamp housing
45
180
210.3
170
150
150
30
227
170
45
(distance between
mounting positions)
1-32 UNF
(C Mount Thread)
157.5
102.5
30
240
41
Weight:6.5kg
42
Unit: mm
OPTICAL TERMINOLOGY
5. Total Magnification
F.O.V. =
M(bino)=M(ob)M(oc)
M(bino): Total magnification for binocular observation
M(ob): Objective lens magnification
M(oc): Eyepiece magnification
Eyepiece F.N.
(mm)
Objective lens magnification
Objective lens
mounting position
Parfocal distance
Working Distance (W.D.)
Projection magnifications
1x
U-TV0.63xC
U-TV0.5xC-3
U-TV0.35xC-2
U-TV0.25xC
0.63x
0.5x
0.35x
0.25x
Focal plane
Diagonal
6.0mm
8.0mm
11.0mm
Horizontal
4.8mm
6.4mm
8.8mm
Vertical
3.6mm
4.8mm
6.6mm
M(ob)=
21"
88.9x
66.7x
48.5x
Example
What is total magnifications for video monitor when objective
lens is 50x, video camera adapter U-TV0.5xC, 2/3" video
camera and 21" monitor are used ?
43
OPTICAL TERMINOLOGY
Total magnification on the video monitor:
m(ob)=50, M(video camera adapter) is 0.5 from Figure 1 and monitor
magnification is 48.5 from Figure 3.
M(monitor observation)=M(ob)M(video camera adapter)monitor magnification
=500.548.5=1213
(Reyleigh formula)
= 0.61
N.A.
: Wavelength or radiation in use
(=0.55m is used for visible light)
N.A.: Objective lens N.A.
Example
MPLFLN100(N.A.=0.90), =0.55m
= 0.61
8.8 (mm)
=
=352m
50 0.5
0.3355
0.3355
=
=
= 0.37m
N.A.
N.A.
0.90
D.O.F.=
N.A.2
B
M2
Numerical aperture
350
0.275
D.O.F. = N.A. M + N.A.2 (=0.55m)
Objective
n=1
(air)
250,000
(m)
+
N.A. M
2(N.A.) 2
Sample
surface
Example
With MPLFLN100(N.A.=0.90), WHN10:
D.O.F. =
350
0.275
+
= 0.39 + 0.34 = 0.73m
0.90 1,000
0.81
7. Resolving Power
Video camera
In the case of a video camera, the focal depth will vary according
to number of pixels of CCD, optical magnification, and numerical
aperture. The above-mentioned formula is used as a rough
guide only.
44
OPTICAL TERMINOLOGY
9. Aberrations
A difference between an ideal image and an actual image that
passes through an optical system is called an aberration.
Object
Figure 9-3
i
Image plane
ii
Specimen
Spherical Aberration
Aplanatic
tube lens
iii
Image plane
Figure 9-4
Classification of Aberrations
Aplanatic
tube lens
(3) Astigmatism
(4) Field curvature
(5) Distortion
Aberration
Chromatic
aberration
Image plane
(3) Astigmatism
Even though a lens is compensated for spherical aberration and
coma aberration, there are cases where an image of an off-axis
object point is not focused to a single point but separated to a
concentric line image and a radial line image. This is called
astigmatism. When astigmatism is present, a point image
blurs vertically and horizontally, before and after the focus
position.
OPTICAL TERMINOLOGY
Figure 9-5
aberration of magnitude.
Many special glass materials are used, e.g., for apochromats
(MPlanApo in Olympus), to eliminate chromatic aberration in a
wide range from violet light (g-rays with wavelength of 435 nm)
to red light (c-rays with wavelength of 656 nm).
(a)
(b)
(c)
Figure 9-7
Specimen Ideal
objective
lens
(5) Distortion
When there is no similar relation between a planar shape on an
object and a shape on the image plane, this is called distortion.
When distortion is present, a square image appears in a shape
of a barrel or pin-cushion as shown in Figure 9-6.
Figure 9-6
Spherical
wave
Distortion
(a) Barrel shape
type
Ideal
tube lens
Plane
wave
Image plane
Spherical
wave
(a) Pin-cushion
type
Figure 9-8
Specimen
Ideal
wavefront
OPTICAL TERMINOLOGY
9.4 Strehl ratio
When a point light source is observed with an aberration-free
optical system and an aberrated optical system , the former
concentrates the focal point to a point at the image formation
position. In contrast, the latter fails to produce a focal point,
instead causing a spread in the intensity distribution of the point
image (this is known as point spread). The specific
appearance of such a point image (i.e. point spread) is shown in
Fig. 9-9.
Figure 9-9
Strehl ratio
Intensity
Aberration-free
optical system
100%
Aberrated
optical system
SR
Image plane
47