Upper Extremity ROM Norms USE PEDRETTI TEXT Chapter 21

Movement

Norm

Fulcrum

Stationary
Arm

Movable
Arm

Special
notes

Shoulder
flexion

zero
to
170180
0-60

1 below
acromion
process

Parallel to
trunk

Along
humerus

Goni moves
more
lateral

1 below
acromion
process
Posterior
shoulder

Parallel to
trunk

Along
humerus

Parallel
To trunk

Along
humerus

Optimal
position is
prone
Start in
shld
external
rotation
(anatomical
position);
Gravity
elim in
prone

Shoulder
extension
Shoulder
abduction

0-170

Shoulder
external
rotation
Alternative
Shoulder
external
rotation

0-80

Olecranon
process

Perpendicula
r to forearm

Along
forearm

0-90

Olecranon
process

Perpendicula
r to forearm

Along
forearm

Shoulder
internal
rotation

0-60

Olecranon
process

Perpendicula
r to forearm

Along
forearm

Alternative
Shoulder
internal
rotation
Elbow
flexion

0-70

Olecranon
process

Perpendicula
r to forearm

Along
forearm

0-135

Lateral
epicondyle

Along
humerus

Along
forearm/
radius

Forearm

0-

Proximal to

Perpendicula

Resting on

IF shld
Abduction
cannot be
achieved;
gunslinger
position

IF shld
Abduction
cannot be
achieved
Begin in
anatomical
position;
begin with
goni open
to 180
8 goni;

supination

80/90

ulnar styloid
(volar)

r to floor

top of
wrist

Forearm
pronation

080/90

Proximal to
ulnar styloid
(dorsal)

Perpendicula
r to floor

Resting on
top of
wrist

Alternate
Supination

080/90

Middle
finger(3rd)MC
P joint

Perpendicula
r to floor

Parallel to
pencil

Alternate
pronation

080/90

Middle finger Perpendicula

MCP joint
r to floor

Parallel to
pencil

Wrist
extension

0-70

Distal to
radial stylus
(anatomical
snuff box)

Parallel to
radius

Parallel to
index
finger
metacarpa
l

Wrist
flexion

0-80

Distal to
radial stylus
(anatomical
snuff box)

Parallel to
radius

Parallel to
index
finger
metacarpa
l

forearm
midposition
; inside of
wrist;
begin with
goni open
to 180
8 goni;
forearm
midposition
; outside of
wrist;
begin with
goni open
to 180
Pencil;
begin with
goni open
to 180
Pencil;
begin with
goni open
to 180
Begin with
goni open
to 180;
Forearm
resting on
table in
midposition
Begin with
goni open
to 180;
Forearm
resting on
table in
midposition