History

In US, on December 29, 1970, President Richard Nixon signed into law the Williams-Steiger Occupational
Safety and Health Act, which gave the Federal Government the authority to set and enforce safety and health
standards for most of the country's workers.1 This act was the result of a hard fought legislative battle which
began in 1968 when President Lyndon Johnson unsuccessfully sought a similar measure. However, the roots
of government regulation of workplace hazards date back to the late 19th century.
What is Workplace Safety Law?
Workplace safety law consists of federal and state regulations imposed on businesses in an effort to keep
employees safe from harm. These rules apply to nearly all private sector employers. Standards are in place to
reduce the risk of accidents and illnesses in the workplace, and government agents have authority to
investigate violations and issue citations for noncompliance. Offenders are subject to monetary fines, and in
some cases, imprisonment and other criminal penalties.
While whistle blowing employees can sometimes require legal assistance in reporting violations, workplace
safety attorneys are primarily engaged in representing businesses. Attorneys who specialize in this area of the
law defend employers in administrative proceedings, and offer consulting services to help companies develop
policies to ensure compliance. Business clients also hire attorneys to assist lawmakers with drafting
regulations, making sure the new laws are sensitive to the realities and needs of the clients industry.
Occupational Health and Safety Regulations
The first step for employers who are concerned about compliance issues is to gain a general understanding of
what the law requires. In 1970, Congress passed the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act). This
legislation can be viewed in terms of the rights it creates for workers, and the obligations it places on their
employers.
With respect to workers rights, the OSH Act generally provides that each employee must be told about hazards
existing at the workplace, and receive training in how to avoid those hazards. Employees also have a right to
information about the health and safety laws applicable to the business. They must have means to file a
complaint with the government if it appears the laws are being broken, on a confidential basis, and without fear
of retaliation.
Employers have duties under the OSH Act to seek out potential threats to the wellbeing of their employees. In
other words, business owners must be proactive, and take it upon themselves to discover hazards before they
cause harm. Once discovered, hazards must be removed or otherwise addressed in order to minimize the risk
to employees. Hazards that cannot be rendered safe must be brought to the attention of the employees, and
appropriate training and safety gear provided. Finally, employers are required to maintain accident records and
make them available for viewing.
Federal regulations implemented under the OSH Act are administered by the Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA). Well-known among members of the construction and mining industries in particular,
OSHA sends officials to physically inspect workplaces and issue citations for violations. It also provides
educational outreach programs for businesses.
Avoiding Workplace Safety Claims
Perhaps more so than in any other field of law, workplace safety attorneys spend a great deal of time
consulting with their business clients to avoid legal problems before they arise. The audit process may reveal
the need for additional equipment such as respirators or safety guards on machinery. Or, it may indicate that

new practices should be utilized, such as storing dangerous materials offsite to minimize the risk of exposure.
With the help of experienced legal counsel, a compliance audit may also show the need for enhanced training
programs that take into account workers language and learning abilities. Record keeping procedures will be
reviewed, and even seemingly minor problems like missing OSHA posters can be caught and rectified before
they come to the attention of agency officials.
Claim Investigation and Defense
If a claim is made, the need for legal assistance becomes more urgent. An internal investigation by the
company and its attorney will help determine if the employees claim is valid, and what steps are necessary to
deal with the problem. In situations where an OSHA citation has been issued, there is a possibility the citation
can be resolved through an informal negotiation process with the agency. If not, a strong defense will still
benefit the company by keeping fines, sanctions, and publicity to a minimum.
Of course, just because the services of an attorney are useful in representing the employers interests in a
workplace safety dispute, this is not to suggest that goals of the employer, its workers, and the government are
at odds with each other. Workplace safety has come a long way in the decades since the OSH Act was passed
into law. The most important benefit of working with an attorney familiar with safety regulations is that it will help
the client provide a workplace in which employees can perform their duties without the risk of bodily harm.
Hiring a Workplace Safety Attorney
Whether you are simply interested in reducing the chance of a future violation, or you face significant liability for
a recent catastrophe at your facility, as a business owner you need the assistance of a legal professional.
Contact an attorney today to find out what you can do to demonstrate your commitment to worker safety.
Resources:

https://www.hg.org/workplace-safety-law.html

TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES

363 P. CASAL ST. QUIAPO, MANILA

SAFETY IN THE PROCESS

CHE 504
ASSIGNMENT NO.1

SUBMITTED BY:
MALICDEM, ROXETTE H.
SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. LINA DELACRUZ
DATE SUBMITTED:
JUNE 27, 2016