What is capacitor?

Capacitor is an electronic component that stores electric charge. Capacitor consists of two
conductors (metal plates) that are parallel to each other, and between the two metals is
present insulating material (dielectric material). Dielectric materials in capacitor can made
from ceramics, paper, air, and metal films.
Types of capacitor
Capacitor based on the value of capacitance, can be divided into 2 types :
1. Fixed Capacitor
Fixed capacitor has constant value of capacitance.
2. Variable Capacitor
Variable capacitor has value of capacitance can be change.
Based on the polarity poles, capacitor can be divided into 2 types :
1. Polar Capacitor
Polar capacitor is capacitor which have positive and negative polarity poles.
2. Non Polar Capacitor
Non Polar capacitor is capacitor doesnt has polarity poles
The Function Of Capacitor
1. For storing energy
2. It used to phase shift
3. It used to motor starter
The characteristic of capacitor
Series and parallel capacitors circuit
Series capacitors circuit
When capacitors are installed in series circuit, it was found that the current through
the capacitor will be same, while the voltage passing through it differently
Parallel capacitors circuit
When capacitors are installed in parallel circuit, it was found that the current through
the capacitor has a different value, while the voltage on each capacitor will be the
same.
The aplication of capacitor
In electric power distribution, capacitors are used for power factor correction. Such capacitors
often come as three capacitors connected as a three phase load. Usually, the values of these
capacitors are given not in farads but rather as a reactive power in volt-amperes reactive
(var). The purpose is to counteract inductive loading from devices like electric
motors and transmission lines to make the load appear to be mostly resistive. Individual
motor or lamp loads may have capacitors for power factor correction