Valerie Kate H.

Torre
BS Psychology 3-4
Topic: Trait and Factor Theory

Questions:
1. Which of the following is not included in Hollands six categories of personality and
occupation?
a. Social
b. Investigative
e.

c. Sensing
d. Realistic

Explanation: Hollands six categories of personality and occupation includes

Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional (RIASEC). The

term SENSING comes from the personality types from the theory of Carl Jung.
2. Which of the following is not included in the three constructs that are central to the
Theory of Vocational Guidance?
a. Congruence
b. Consistency

c. Differentiation
d. Openness

e.

Explanation: The term OPENNESS is one of the big five personality factors from

Robert McCrae and Paul Costa. The three constructs that are central to the Theory of
Vocational Guidance, a contemporary of Trait and Factor Theory, includes Congruence,
Consistency, and Differentiation, which are essential in the counseling process.
3. Which of the following is not true about the three elements that Frank Parsons proposed
to what vocational guidance should be based on?
a. Appeals to the clients emotional reasoning power, rather than their emotions.
b. A clear understanding of the individual and her or his abilities, values, interests,
ambitions, resources, and personality.
c. Knowledge of the world of work.
d. Rational relationship between b and c.
f. Explanation: The Trait and Factor Theory originated by Frank Parsons stresses that the
traits of clients should first be assessed and then systematically matched with factors
inherent in various occupations, which the choices b, c, and d, make the three elements
that a vocational guidance should be based on. In the choice a., it is a characteristic of a
Rational Emotive counselor.
g.
h.
i. Sources:
j. Gladding, Samuel T., Newsome, Debbie W., Clinical Mental Health Counseling In
Community And Agency Settings, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle
River, New Jersey 07458, 2011, 352-353
k.
l. Flanagan, Dennis, The Influence of Cultural Context on Vocational Assessment With
Bicultural

Latina/O

College

Students,

University

of

(http://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/UF/E0/04/33/90/00001/flanigan_d.pdf
m.
n.
o.

Florida,

2011,

p.