Thc hnh xy dng bn v Use Case

Chng ta hiu c cc thnh phn cu to, cch xy dng v s dng ca bn v Use

Case bi trc. Trong bi ny, chng ta s tin hnh thc tp xy dng bn v ny cho
mt h thng c th nhm gip bn nm r hn v bn v ny.
Case Study Yu cu ca bi thc hnh
Yu cu xy dng mt h thng thng mi in t (E-Commerce) nh sau:
Cng ty Hi-Tech l mt cng ty chuyn kinh doanh v cc thit b in t v cng ngh thng
tin trong nhiu nm nay v c mt lng khch hng nht nh.
m rng hot ng kinh doanh ca mnh, cng ty mong mun xy dng mt h thng thng
mi in t nhm m rng phm vi kinh doanh trn mng Internet.
H thng mi phi m bo cho khch hng ving thm Website d dng la chn cc sn phm,
xem cc khuyn mi cng nh mua hng. Vic thanh ton c th c thc hin qua mng hoc
thanh ton trc tip ti ca hng. Khch hng c th nhn hng ti ca hng hoc s dng dch
v chuyn hng c ph ca cng ty.
Ngoi ra, h thng cng cn c phn h m bo cho cng ty qun l cc hot ng kinh
doanh nh s lng hng c trong kho, qun l n t hng, tnh trng giao hng, thanh ton
v.v
Thng tin chi tit cc chc nng cc bn c th tham kho thm ti: http://www.bkc.vn
Bn hy gip cng ty Hi-Tech xy dng h thng trn.
Case Study ny s c s dng xuyn sut cc bi vit gip cc bn d hiu v d thc tp.

Cc bc xy dng bn v Use Case

Bc 1: Thu thp kin thc lin quan n h thng s xy dng
Trc ht, phn tch h thng trn bn phi c kin thc v h thng thng mi in t,
chng ta c th tm hiu thng qua cc ngun sau:

Xem cc trang Web bn hng qua mng nh amazon, lazada.vn, bkc.vn v.v..

Xem cc h thng mu v thng mi in t ngun m nh Magento, OpenCart, Spree

Commerce v.v

c sch, bo v eCommerce

Hi nhng ngi chuyn v lnh vc ny (hi chuyn gia)

Lu : Bn khng th thit k tt c nu bn khng c kin thc v lnh vc ca sn phm m

bn s xy dng.

Bc 2: Xc nh cc Actor

Bn hy tr li cho cu hi Ai s dng h thng ny?

Xem xt Website chng ta nhn thy:

Nhng ngi mun mua hng vo website xem thng tin. Nhng ngi ny l Khch
hng tim nng (Guest).

Nhng ngi t hng vo kim tra n hng, thanh ton v.v.. gi l Khch hng
(Customer).
V pha n v bn hng, c nhng ngi sau y tham gia vo h thng:

Ngi qun l bn hng: quyt nh nhp hng, gi bn, qun l tn kho, doanh thu,
chnh sch khuyn mi.

Ngi bn hng: T vn cho khch hng, theo di n hng, thu tin, theo di chuyn
hng cho khch.

Qun l kho: xut, nhp hng, qun l tn kho

Qun tr h thng: To ngi dng, Phn quyn, To ca hng

Tip theo chng ta tr li cu hi H thng no tng tc vi h thng ny?

Gi s y, chng ta s dng dch v ca Ngn Lng thanh ton trc tuyn v gi n l
Cng thanh ton th ta c thm mt Actor tng tc vi h thng.
Nh vy, chng ta c cc Actor ca h thng gm: Khch hng tim nng, khch
hng, Ngi bn hng, Qun l Kho, Qun tr h thng, Cng thanh ton
Bn cn kho st v phn tch thm cng nh hi trc tip khch hng xc nh y cc
Actor cho h thng.

Bc 3: Xc nh Use Case
Bn cn tr li cu hi Actor s dng chc nng g trn h thng?.
Trc tin, xem xt vi Actor Khch hng tim nng trn trang bkc.vn xem h s dng
chc nng no?

Xem trang ch

Xem cc sn phm theo:

+ Theo chng loi

+ Nh sn xut
+ Tm kim theo vn bn g vo

Xem chi tit sn phm c chn

Xem khuyn mi

Xem so snh

Mua hng

Qun l gi hng

Chat vi ngi bn hng

ng k ti khon tr thnh khch hng

Tip theo, xem xt Actor Khch hng v nhn thy h s dng chc nng:

ng nhp

Xem n hng

Thanh ton

Tip theo, xem xt Actor Ngi bn hng v h c th s dng cc chc nng:

ng nhp

Chat vi khch hng

Theo di n hng

Thu tin

Theo di chuyn hng

Tng t nh vy bn xc nh chc nng cho cc Actor cn li.

Bc 4: V bn v Use Case
Trc ht chng ta xem xt v phn tch cc chc nng ca Khch hng tim nng chng ta
nhn thy.

Chc nng xem sn phm c 2 cch l chn loi sn phm, nh sn xut xem v g
vo tm kim. Nn chng ta tch ra lm 2 l Xem sn phm v Tm kim.

Chc nng mua hng, thc cht l thm vo gi hng nn c th xem l chc nng con
ca qun l gi hng.
t li tn cho gn v xc nh cc mi quan h ca chng, chng ta c th v Use Case
Diagram cho Actor ny nh sau:

Hnh 1. Bn v Use Case cho Actor Khch hng tm nng

Tip theo, chng xem xt cc chc nng cho Actor Khch hng v nhn thy chc nng
Thanh ton thng thc hin cho tng n hng c th nn c th n l chc nng con ca
Qun l n hng. Ngoi ra, cc chc nng Actor ny s dng khng giao vi Actor Khch
hng tim nng nn n c biu din nh sau:

Hnh 2. Bn v Use Case cho Actor Khch hng

Tip tc xem xt Actor Ngi bn hng chng ta nhn thy:

Chc nng Thu tin thc t l thanh ton trc tip ti quy cho tng n hng v chc
nng Theo di chuyn hng c thc hin trn tng n hng nn n c th l chc nng con
ca Qun l n hng.

Chc nng Qun l n hng y qun l cho nhiu khch hng nn s khc vi chc
nng Qun l n hng ca Actor Khch hng nn phn bit chng ta sa chc nng
Qun l n hng ca Actor Khch hng thnh Qun l n hng c nhn

Chc nng ng nhp c th dng chung vi Actor Khch hng, chc nng Chat
dng chung vi Actor Khch hng tim nng

V chng chung vi nhau chng ta c bn v nh sau:

Hnh 2. Bn v Use Case khi b sung cc chc nng cho Khch hng tim nng, Khch
hng v Ngi bn hng
Cc bn hy tip tc hon tt cc chc nng cho cc Actor cn li c mt bn v hon chnh
v Use Case cho h thng.

Kt lun
Nh vy, chng ta thc hnh vic xy dng bn v Use Case cho h thng eCommerce. Hy
vng, cc bn c th hiu v s dng bn v ny trong vic phn tch h thng mt cch hiu
qu.
Trong bi tip theo chng ta s tm hiu v Class Diagram, mt bn v c s rt quan trng na
trong vic phn tch v thit k h thng.